Railway Reservation System Project Report
Railway Reservation System Project Report
Railway Reservation System Project Report
By
Mr. MILTON
SOMADAR
……………………………………. ………………………………………
Authorized Signatory Mr. Milton Somadar
Dated:
Last but not the least we would like to thank the entire BANKURA UNNAYANI INSTITUTE
OF EGINEERING Information Technology Department (BUIE) for allowing us to proceed
with the project.
The Indian Railways (IR) carries about 5.5 lakhs passengers in reserved accommodation
every day. The Computerised Passenger Reservation System (PRS) facilates the booking
and cancellation of tickets from any of the 4000 terminals (i.e. PRS booking window all
over the countries). These tickets can be booked or cancelled for journeys commencing in
any part of India and ending in any other part, with travel time as long as 72hours and
distance upto several thousand kilometers.
In the given project we will be developing a website which will help users to find train
details, book and cancel tickets and the exact rates of their tickets to the desired
destination.
With the help of online booking people can book their tickets online through internet,
sitting in their home by a single click of mouse. Using their credit cards people can easily
get their tickets done within minutes.
3 DESIGN
4 SDLC
5 IMPLIMENTION DETAILS
8 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Users will be able to search the train availability ,the exact fare ,the arrival and departure
time of the train and they can also book the ticket by using the debit ,credit or master card
and after booking the ticket if the user want to cancel it then they can easily do it also.
1.2 Survey
Railway passengers frequently need to know about their ticket reservation status, ticket
availability on a particular train or for a place, train arrival or departure details, special
trains etc.. Customer information centers at the railway stations are unable to serve such
queries at peak periods.
The number of the reservation counters available to the passengers and customers are very
less.
On most of the reservation systems there are long queues, so it takes a long time for any
individual to book the ticket.
As now there are no call centers facilities available to solve the queries of the passengers.
The online railway ticket reservation system aims to develop a web application which aims
at providing trains details, trains availability, as well as the facility to book ticket in online
for customers.
So, we thought of developing a web based application which would provide the users all
these facilities from his terminal only as well as help them in booking their tickets. The
Application was to be divided into two parts namely the user part , and the administrator
part. And each of these has their corresponding features.
We decided to give the name of the website “ONLINE RAILWAY TICKET RESEVATION”.
The online railway ticket reservation system is developed using ASP.NET with C# as the
backend in the .NET Framework.
1.3 Analysis
Online railway ticket reservation is a online ticket booking website, which is capable of
booking ticket and serach the train availavility . This website is mainly created to fulfil the
following requirements, it comprises of the following properties:-
A central database that will store all information.
An online website that will provide real- time information about the availability of
tickets their prices .
Every registered user is able to view his booking id that has been made in his/her
name.
Every registered user can change his password any time he wants to change.
Every guest user can search train availability ,price of the ticket,arrival and
departure time ,distance between source and destination etc.
Every registered user has the facilities to print his ticket any time he wishes.
Administration login
In admin mode the administrator can make changes in train details.
He can also view all booking that has been made by different users.
The booking window contains all the facilities at one place, the user can simply
login to his account and can book his ticket.
Serial Topic
No.
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 General Overview
1.2 Survey
1.3 Analysis of problem
1.4 Organization of the Report.
2 Software Requirement and Specification
3. Detail design
3.1 Detailed design Specification
3.2 Data flow diagram
3.2.1 Level 0 DFD
3.2.2 Level 1 DFD
3.2.3 Level 2 DFD
3.2.4 Level 3 DFD
3.3 ER-Diagram
4 SDLC
4.1 Implementation
5. Results and discussions
6 Summary and Conclusion
6.1 Summary of achievements
6.2 Main difficulties encountered
6.3 Limitation of the project
6.4 Future Scope of work
7. References/Bibliography
The Software Requirements Specification section will deal with the technical details of
the proposed system. It will contain information regarding the developmental and
operational environments, user interfaces, functional and requirements specifications and
the exception and error handling features of the system.
The Design section will provide a detailed insight into the working of the system, how the
system to be framed to make the implementation error free and to avoid a possible
rework. All the features mentioned in the SRS section will be dealt with in detail through
the means of architectural design, block diagram, detailed data flow diagrams, structure
charts, flow chart and any other relevant method.
Through the use of pseudo-codes, the Implementation Details section will provide the
final design step before actual implementation of the system. It will list all the functions
that will be used in the system, parameters used by them, what results they will
produce and how they will interact with the rest of the system.
All queries regarding the actual performance of the developed system will be cleared in the
Results and Discussion section. It will list all the test cases, results of those tests and a
discussion on whether these tests yielded the desired results or not. If negative, this section
will also provide information regarding the failure.
Concluding all this will be the Summary and Conclusion section which will round up the
entire discussion.
This will be followed by the Reference/Bibliography section that will tell about the
books and site that have been referred by us while developing the website.
Software configuration:
Microsoft® Windows® XP or later versions
A standard web browser.
.Net framework.
USER
MAIN
WINDOW
ADMIN
Fig: Homepage
BOOK
TICKET
GET TRAIN
DETAILS DATABASE
REGISTERE
D USER
CANCEL
TICKET
3.2.1 Level 0:
CONTEXT DIAGRAM
Search train
Registered user,
Train Administrator
details 0.1 (User ID password).
Book ticket
0.2
Login -----------------
account
Registered user,
0.1.
1
Error message
Login Authentica valid
failed…….. tion
invali
d
0.1.2
book ticket
0.1.3
(Administrator)
Login
account
0.1.1 Admin
Error message valid
login page.
Login failed…….. 0.1.3
Authenti
invalid
cation
INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE
Book
ticket Show ticket no to
---------------
valid Show ticket Database
no 0.2.2
---------------
Cancel ticket
if one wants
to.
Cancel ticket
0.2.3
r_tim 1
1
user
Generat
Generat
es
1 tiktn u_name
t_nam
add
t_n0
Booking
r_time
payment c_no
gende
a_time
u_name r_se J_da
fair
add
1 dest
src phon
t_no class
country
phno
E_ID
Every activity has a life cycle and software development process is not an exception for the
same. Even if you are not aware of SDLC you still must be following it unknowingly. But if
a software professional is aware about SDLC he can execute the project in a much
controlled fashion. One of the big benefits of this awareness is that hot blooded developers
will not start directly execution (coding) which can really lead to project running in an
uncontrolled fashion. Second it helps customer and software professional to avoid
Confusion by anticipating the problems and issues before hand. In short SDLC defines the
various stages in a software life cycle. But before we try to understand what SDLC is all
about. We need to get a broader view of the start and end of SDLC. Any project started if it
does not have a start and end then its already in trouble. It’s like if you go out for a drive
you should know where to start and where to end or else you are moving around
endlessly.
Below is the figure that shows typical flow in SDLC which has five main models .
· Waterfall - Big Bang and Phased model .
· Iterative - Spiral and Incremental model.
Iterative model
Iterative model was introduced because of problems faced in Waterfall model.
The iterative waterfall model is used in the development of the system. The system is
developed in increments, each increments adding some functional capability to the system
until the full system is fully implemented.
The advantage of this approach is that it will result in better testing, as testing of each
increment is easier than testing the entire system in totality. Furthermore, this approach
provided us with important feedback that was very useful in the implementation of the
system.
Feasibility Study
Design
Maintenance
Feasibility Study
GUI Desig n
Activities
Code database part
Online railway ticket reservation system is a web based application. It has been developed
using ASP.NET and C# as the code end programming language. A MS SQL Server database
consisting of multiple tables is used for data storage.
This Website is a online travel booking website, which is capable of booking tour of national
and international destination with easy steps at the cheapest rate . It allows the
Administrator to perform all operations and view bookings. The general user is however
given only restricted access.
Travelmasti helps in booking tour packages. The user can’t book any tour until he is a
registered user.
The first beta version of ASP was code named denali. Denali allowed the developer to
execute code within a web page. Advanced functions could be performed using ActiveX
Data Objects. The next version of ASP was ASP 1.0, WHICH WAS available as an add-on IIS
3.0.In this version of ASP, ADO had had become faster and effective as compared with the
previous version. The next version ASP 2.0, came as a part of windows NT 4.0. Now
components were easier to build because of the introduction of Microsoft Transaction
Server, which allowed the components to be a part of transaction. Then, ASP 3.0 was
introduced which came along with windows 2000. In this version, Microsoft combined MTS
with core COM into COM+ and included it as a part of windows 2000 itself.
The latest version, of ASP is ASP.NET. ASP.NET has come to us along with the .NET
framework. ASP.NET is an object oriented server side scripting tool. Hence, it facilitates
easy development of object oriented and granularized code.
Drawbacks of ASP
VBScripts and JavaScript are the only two scripting languages available in ASP.
These are basic non-typed languages. You cannot use strongly typed languages
like Visual Basic or c++.
ASP pages are interpreted. This makes their execution slower.
ASP pages are very untidy. They are a spaghetti-like mixture of code. HTML and
text.
While creating a web application using ASP pages, the programmers and the
designer had to work on the same life. The programmers had to write the code to
provide required functionality and the designers too had to create the graphics
and content, and all this had to be combined into a single file.
In ASP, you have to write code to provide any functionality you require. For
example, if you required any validations to be performed you had to write code
for it to occur. A huge numbers of lines of code had to be written.
Re-use of code was not given much focus in ASP. You could do it only by using the
include statement.
There was no debugging mechanism in ASP. You could debug ASP application
only by using the response.write. This is very tedious and not very effective.
In ASP, you had to stop the web server to install a new version of a DLL. DLL’S had
to be registered in the registry to be available for usein an application. Moreover,
the DLL registration process is a very complex one.
Advantage of ASP.NET
ASP.NET supports strongly typed languages like VB, c#,and much more.
ASP.NET pages get compiled instead of being interpreted, thus their execution
speed is faster than ASP pages.
ASP.NET pages are tidier than ASP pages. The code can be separated from the
HTML design and text. Thus, programmers can work separately from the
designers.
Features of ASP.NET
ASP.NET can recognize the type of browser the client is using and accordingly
display the content to the client. For example, if the client uses an uplevel
browser (ie> 4.0 version), then the validation is performed on the client –side
and on the server-side. However, if the client is using a downlevel browser,
then the validation is performed only on the server-side.
ASP.NET improves performance by using server-side caching. It allows you to
cache the entire output of a page for re-use by other clients.
ASP.NET functionality can be coded using different languages like C# or
VB.NET. However, only one language can be used for coding in a single page.
ASP.NET ships with many built –in server controls that have the common
required functionalities. For example, the developer need not create a control
for accepting data; the textbox control is provided for this purpose. Thus, the
developer need not to recreate these controls to obtain the required
functionality.
A web service can be described as a function that can be deployed over the web
and can be called by any application or other services. It can be a business
application or a system function. ASP.NET allows you to create such web
services.
Minimum Requirements
High-level Diagram
For searching the train user should enter the source(to) and destination(from),date and class in
which the the user want to go.To press the “search now” user can know the train details.
There is another part of that page which is ADMINISTRATOR ,by which administrator can
modify the train deatails.
Here user find the train detail and to press the “book ticket” option for booking the ticket.
To book a ticket a user first login with user name and password and if user forget his password
then there is a another option to change the password.
For a new user there is a hyperlink by which user can create a new account.
After login this page is open and in this page there are two parts one is TRAIN
INFORMATION which is atomatically comes from the train details page and other part is
PERSONAL DETAILS which is filled by user.
TICKET NO PAGE.
In this page user find his ticket no.
If the user wants to cancel the ticket then he/she press the cancel ticket option to cancel the
ticket .In that case user should fill the name and ticket no to find the train and then click the
cancel ticket hyperlink which delete the ticket from the datadase.
For Administrator
System Testing
Once the entire system has been built then it has to be tested against the "System
Specification" to check if it delivers the features required. It is still developer focused,
although specialist developers known as systems testers are normally employed to do it.
In essence System Testing is not about checking the individual parts of the design, but
about checking the system as a whole. In fact it is one giant component.
System testing can involve a number of specialist types of test to see if all the functional
and non - functional requirements have been met. In addition to functional requirements
these may include the following types of testing for the
non - functional requirements:
· Performance - Are the performance criteria met?
· Volume - Can large volumes of information be handled?
· Stress - Can peak volumes of information be handled?
· Documentation - Is the documentation usable for the system?
· Robustness - Does the system remain stable under adverse circumstances?
The system was found to perform its function properly under all conditions.
Acceptance Testing
Acceptance Testing checks the system against the "Requirements". It is similar to systems
testing in that the whole system is checked but the important difference is the change in
focus:
5.1.2 Result
Online railway ticket reservation system was successfully designed and developed as per
the specifications. It was extensively tested using a database which contains data similar to
what can be expected in an actual database. The system was found to work satisfactorily
without any errors under all conditions.
The main difficulty that was encountered during this project was that we had to
learn a new technology ASP.net as well as a new language C# with which we were
not at all familiar with earlier .
Time constraint.
Learning the use of triggers.
Books
Microsoft Official Custom Workshop