Fertilizer Packaging Bags
Fertilizer Packaging Bags
Fertilizer Packaging Bags
Indian Standard
© BIS 2016
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (Fifth Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by
the Textile Materials Made from Polyolefins (Excluding Cordage) Sectional Committee had been approved by
the Textile Division Council.
This standard was first published in the year 1981 and subsequently revised in 1985, 1989, 1999 and 2003. This
standard has been revised again to incorporate the following major changes:
a) Requirement for breaking strength of the fabric has been modified.
b) Requirement for breaking strength of the bottom seam has been modified.
c) Requirement for ash content has been included.
d) Requirement for UV resistance test both for HDPE/PP woven sacks has been made optional.
e) Method of test for UV resistance has been modified.
f) Marking requirements has been modified to include the environment friendly recycling logo on the bags.
g) Sampling and criteria for conformity has been modified.
The composition of the Committee responsible for the formulation of this standard is given at Annex F.
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2 : 1960
‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off
value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
(ii)
IS 9755 : 2016
Indian Standard
TEXTILES — HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE)/
POLYPROPYLENE (PP) WOVEN SACKS FOR PACKING
FERTILIZERS — SPECIFICATION
( Fifth Revision )
1 SCOPE conversion into sacks shall be as given in Table 1.
This standard prescribes the requirements of HDPE/ 3.4 Liner
PP woven sacks for packing all types of fertilizers
produced indigenously or imported. If required by the buyer the sack shall be provided with
loose liner of LDPE/LLDPE/HMHDPE/HDPE. The
2 REFERENCES width of the loose liner shall be minimum 20 mm more
than the width of the sack. The thickness of the loose
The standards listed in Annex A contain provisions
liner, when tested in accordance with A-2 of IS 2508
which, through reference in this text constitute
shall be 70 µm ± 10 percent in case of LDPE/LLDPE
provision of this standard. At the time of publication,
and shall be 40 µm ± 10 percent in case of HMHDPE/
the editions indicated were valid. All standards are
HDPE. The length of the liner shall be as required by
subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on
the buyer.
this standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the 3.4.1 The liner shall be free from pin holes (except for
standards indicated in Annex A. air removal holes), patches, tear, blisters and any other
visible defects. The plastic material used for the liner
3 MANUFACTURE shall be virgin.
3.1 Raw Material 3.4.2 The bottom seal of the loose liner shall be at least
25 mm from the bottom edge.
The high density polyethylene (HDPE) or
polypropylene (PP) used for manufacture of tape shall 3.5 Lamination
confirm to the requirements specified in IS 10146 or
IS 10910, respectively. If required by the buyer, the fabric woven on circular
loom before manufacture into sacks may be laminated
The raw material composition mix to be used for by coating with LDPE/ LLDPE for HDPE sack and PP
manufacturing of the HDPE/PP woven sacks shall be for PP sack of uniform thickness in the body having
as agreed to between the buyer and the seller. mass of 23 g/m2 ± 10 percent with a minimum overlap/
overhang of 5 mm. The plastic raw material used for
3.2 Fabric
the lamination of the tubular sacks shall be virgin.
The fabric used in the manufacture of HDPE/PP woven
sacks shall be woven as a tube on circular looms from 3.6 Bottom Seam
HDPE/PP tapes having width of 2.5 mm (tolerance The stitching of bottom seam shall be done with two
of ±10 percent) conforming to IS 6192 and IS 11197 rows of chain stitches (see IS 10789). The two rows of
respectively, and linear density of 111 tex stitches shall be separated from each other by minimum
(1 000 denier). The denier of HDPE/PP tape used in 5 mm and the outer stitch shall be minimum 8 mm from
the manufacture of woven fabric/sacks shall be the outer edge of the sacks. The stitching shall be done
subjected to the following tolerances: with double fold over seam to a depth of minimum
a) ±10 percent on individual value, and 25 mm, so that the stitches pass through a minimum of
six layers of the fabric. The number of stitches/dm shall
b) ±5 percent on average.
be 14 ± 2.
3.3 Sacks 3.6.1 In case of UV stabilized sacks, the material used
The sacks shall be produced from material woven as for stitching shall be UV stabilized HDPE/PP tape as
tube on a circular loom and cut to the required length. used in the fabric or any other UV stabilized thread/
multifilament yarn suitable for the purpose. In case of
3.3.1 The constructional particulars of fabric used for non UV stabilized sacks, the material used for stitching
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IS 9755 : 2016
shall be HDPE/PP tape as used in the fabric or any of the original breaking strength when tested after the
other thread/multifilament yarn suitable for the purpose. same has been exposed to UV radiation and weathering
The stitching shall be uniform without any loose thread as per the method given in Annex D.
or knot.
4.3 Mass
3.7 Mouth of the Sack
The mass of the sack shall be as agreed to between the
The mouth of the sack shall be completely open and buyer and the seller or as declared by the manufacturer
the tapes at edges shall not fray. subject to the following tolerances:
1)
Width after ravelling = 50 mm, Gauge length = 200 mm.
2)
1 N = 0.102 kgf (approximately).
NOTES
1 The suitable size (inside dimensions) of sacks of 50 kg capacity for low bulk density materials, such as urea is 610 mm × 920 mm,
for high bulk density material and such as super phosphate is 610 mm × 750 mm. These dimensions provide for optimum free space of
minimum of 20 percent of length when measured along the surface of the fabric from mouth stitch line of the sacks, up to the surface
level of contents.
2 Tolerance on length and width are subject to the condition that inside area of sack shall remain equal to the inside area of specified
dimensions.
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IS 9755 : 2016
required by the buyer using suitable inks by same construction produced under similar conditions
flexography. of production and delivered to a buyer shall be grouped
together to constitute a lot.
5.2 Packaging
7.2 The conformity of the lot to the requirements of
The sacks shall be packed to form a bale using a layer this standard shall be determined on the basis of the
of HDPE/PP woven fabric and suitably secured. The test carried out on the samples selected from it.
bale shall contain 500 sacks or multiple thereof.
7.3 The number of samples to be selected depends on
5.3 Marking the size of the lot and the number of bales to be sampled
shall be in accordance with col 2 and col 3 of Table 2.
The bales shall be marked with the following
The number of sacks to be selected from the bales
information:
sampled shall be in accordance with col 4 of Table 2
a) Name of the manufacturer; for visual inspection, dimensions, ends, picks and mass
b) Type and size of sacks; requirements, and shall be in accordance with col 5 of
c) Number of sacks; Table 2 for breaking strength of fabric before exposing
to UV radiation, breaking strength of bottom seam and
d) Gross weight;
percent elongation at break requirements. The samples
e) Net weight; should be selected in accordance with col 6 of Table 2
f) Month and year of manufacture; for determination of ash content. If applicable, the
g) Identification mark samples should also be selected in accordance with
h) Any other information as required by the law col 6 of Table 2 for determination of breaking strength
in force. of fabric after UV radiation exposure.
NOTE — Each sack shall be compulsorily marked with visible 7.4 Criteria for Conformity
recycling logo as given below at a space on bottom of the bag
compatible with the art work of the buyer for printing the sack The lot shall be considered as conforming to the
and on the bale. requirements of the standard, if the following conditions
are satisfied:
a) The number of defective sacks in case of
visual inspections, ends, picks and dimensions
is up to 10 percent of the sample size subject
to rounding off the fraction to next higher
5.4 BIS Certification Marking integer.
b) None of the sack or bale of 500 sacks weighs
The sacks may also be marked with the Standard Mark. less than the respective lower specified limit
5.4.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the after allowing tolerance of ± 6percent on
provisions of Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 individual sack and ±3 percent on a bale of
and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The 500 sacks, higher weight can be accepted.
details of conditions under which the licence for the c) The average breaking strength of fabric in both
use of the Standard Mark may be granted to lengthwise, widthwise and widthwise
manufacturers or producers and same may be obtained (lamination joint) in case of laminated sacks is
from the Bureau of Indian standards. not less than the value specified and none of
the individual bag value is more than 10 percent
6 ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS FOR below the specified value. The samples selected
CONDITIONING AND TESTING for breaking strength tests shall be free from
Prior to test, the specimens shall be conditioned to defects in visual inspection, dimensions, ends,
moisture equilibrium from dry side in the standard picks and mass requirements.
atmosphere of 65 ± 2 percent relative humidity and 27 d) The average breaking strength of fabric at
± 2oC temperature as laid down in IS 6359. bottom seam is not less than the value
specified and none of the individual bag value
7 SAMPLING AND CRITERIA FOR is more than 10 percent below the specified
CONFORMITY value. The samples selected for seam strength
tests shall be free from defects in visual
7.1 Lot
inspection, dimensions, ends, picks and mass
All the PP/HDPE woven sacks packed in bales of the requirements.
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IS 9755 : 2016
e) None of the sample sacks shall have f) If applicable, none of the HDPE/PP sack
percentage elongation and ash content outside samples after exposing to UV radiation and
the specified range. weathering shall have breaking strength less
than 50 percent of the original value.
Sl No. of HDPE/PP No. of Sample Size for Sample Size for Breaking Strength of Sample Size for Breaking
No. Sacks in a Lot Bales to Visual Inspection, HDPE/PP Fabric before Exposing to Strength of HDPE/PP Fabric
be Dimensions, Ends, UV Radiation, Breaking Strength of after Exposing to UV Radiation
Sampled Picks and Mass Seam and Elongation at Break Requirement and Ash Content
Requirements Requirements
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
i) Up to 25 000 3 12 8 1
ii) 25 001 - 50 000 5 20 10 2
iii) 50 001 - 100 000 8 32 13 3
iv) 100 001 - 250 000 12 48 18 4
NOTE — If the number of the bales in a consignment exceeds 500, the same shall be split into number of lots each comprising
maximum of 500 bales (1 Bale = 500 sacks).
ANNEX A
(Clause 2)
LIST OF REFERRED INDIAN STANDARDS
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IS 9755 : 2016
ANNEX B
[Table 1, Sl No. (i), (ii) and (iii)]
METHOD OF TEST FOR LENGTH, WIDTH, ENDS AND PICKS PER DECIMETRE
B-1 METHOD OF TEST FOR LENGTH AND B-2 METHOD OF TEST FOR ENDS AND PICKS
WIDTH PER DECIMETRE
Lay each sack as selected in Table 2, flat on a table. Count the ends and picks at two places of each sack as
Render it free from creases and wrinkles and measures selected in Table 2, with a suitable gauge measuring
the inside length (l) and width (w) about the middle to 5 cm. Care should be taken to avoid counting same set
the nearest 0.5 cm. of warp or weft threads more than once. Determine the
average ends/dm and picks/dm of each sack under test.
ANNEX C
[Table 1, Sl No. (viii)]
DETERMINATION OF ASH CONTENT
C-1 PRINCIPLE C-3.3 Wear gloves and use sample (crucible) holder,
to introduce crucible in the furnace.
The procedure is used to find out the inorganic residue
in raffia tape/fabric sample by ashing it in a muffle C-3.4 Sample should be folded properly to
furnace. A weighed amount of tape/fabric sample is accommodate it in silica crucible.
heated to 550°C. The polymer sample (organic portion)
is burnt at 550°C until constant mass of inorganic matter C-4 PROCEDURE
is obtained. The residue (inorganic matter) is reported C-4.1 Heat the clean crucible at 550 ± 10°C for 10
in terms of percentage ash content in a given sample. to15 min and cool it in a desicator.
C-2 APPARATUS C-4.2 Weigh the empty crucible to nearest 0.001 g.
C-2.1 Weighing Balance, accurate to 0.001 g. C-4.3 Weigh 3 g of raffia tape/fabric sample in the
C-2.2 Silica crucibles (sufficient volume to crucible (nearest to 0.001 g).
accommodate 3 g of sample in such a way that level of C-4.4 Heat the crucible directly on burner so that the
the sample after filling the crucible does not cross half sample burns slowly and loss of ash is avoided.
the height of crucible). Continue burning until no more smoke is evolved.
C-2.3 Bunsen Burner C-4.5 Transfer the crucible in the muffle furnace,
which is already maintained at approximately 550°C
C-2.4 Silica Triangle and Tripod
and keep the crucible inside for about 2 h.
C-2.5 Muffle Furnace, capable of being controlled
thermostatically at 550 ± 10°C. C-4.6 Remove the crucible from the furnace and cool
it to the room temperature in a desicator. Weigh it and
C-2.6 Desicator, containing an effective drying agent record the weight to accuracy of 0.001 g.
(for example, silica gel) that does not react chemically
with ash components. C-4.7 Keep the crucible in the muffle furnace for
another 30 min, cool in a desicator and weigh again.
C-2.7 Gloves and Crucible Holder Repeat the procedure until constant mass is obtained.
C-3 SAFETY C-5 CALCULATIONS
C-3.1 Burn the sample in an effectively ventilated
hood. Weight of ash
Percent ash content = 100
Weight of raffia fabric
C-3.2 Keep the hood closed and do not inhale the or tape sample
fumes of combustion.
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IS 9755 : 2016
ANNEX D
(Clause 4.2)
UV RESISTANCE TEST
D-1 To determine the effect of UV radiation and and condensation exposure and the temperature of the
weathering on the breaking strength, the HDPE/PP UV exposure and condensation shall be specified
woven fabric shall be exposed as given in D-2 and D-3. in D-2.
D-2 TEST CONDITION D-3.3 Determine the average breaking strength of the
fabric separately after UV exposure as mentioned
The test shall be carried out with fluorescent UV- lamp above.
Type B (313 nm or its equivalent).
D-3.4 Determine the percent retention of original
The duration of the test shall be 192 h (that is, eight strength as follows:
days) in continuous mode.
b
The test cycle shall be: 8 h at 60 ± 3°C with Percent retention of original breaking strength = × 100
UV-radiation alternating with 4 h at 50 ± 3°C with a
condensation. Irradiance level throughout the test shall where
be maintained at 0.63 0.04 W/m2. a = average breaking strength before UV
0
exposure as obtained in D-3.1, and
D-3 TEST PROCEDURE b = average breaking strength after UV exposure
D-3.1 Determine the original average breaking strength as obtained in D-3.3.
of fabric as per the test method specified in IS 1969 NOTES
(Part 1). 1 The UV source is an array of fluorescent lamps (with lamp
emission concentrated in the UV range).
D-3.2 Expose the specimens alternately to ultraviolet 2 Condensation is produced by exposing the test surface to a
light and condensation in respective test cycle in heated, saturated mixture of air and water vapour, while the
continuous mode for total 192 h. reverse side of the test specimen is exposed to the cooling
influence of ambient room air.
The type of fluorescent UV lamp, the timing of the UV
ANNEX E
( Clause 4.3.1 )
METHOD FOR CALCULATION OF MASS OF SACKS
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IS 9755 : 2016
ANNEX F
(Foreword)
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
Textile Materials Made from Polyolefins (Excluding Cordage) Sectional Committee, TXD 23
Organization Representative(s)
Indian Institute of Packaging, Mumbai PROF (DR) N. C. SAHA (CHAIRMAN)
ACC Limited, Mumbai SHRI RAHUL KARNIK
SHRI RANJAN SACHDEVA (Alternate)
All India Flat Tape Manufacturers’ Association, New Delhi SHRI K. S. ARORA
SHRI GURDEEP SINGH (Alternate)
Cement Manufacturers Association, New Delhi SHRI V. S. BAJAJ
DR S. K. HANDOO (Alternate)
Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology DR M. ABDUL KADER
(CIPET), Chennai DR SYED AMANULLA (Alternate)
Chemical and Petrochemicals Manufacturers Association, New Delhi SHRI MAHINDER SINGH
SHRI SUBRATA SAMANTA (Alternate)
DCM Shriram Limited, Kota SHRI YAGNESH K. GUPTA
SHRI YOGESH AGRAWAL (Alternate)
Department of Chemical & Petrochemical, New Delhi DR T. K. CHAKRAVARTHY
SHRI A. K. AGARWAL (Alternate)
DGS&D, New Delhi ADDITIONAL DIRECTOR GENERAL, QA
Directorate of Sugar, New Delhi CHIEF DIRECTOR (SUGAR)
DEPUTY DIRECTOR (SUGAR TECHNICAL) (Alternate)
FICCI, Chemical and Petrochemical Division, New Delhi SHRI P. S. SINGH
Food Corporation of India, New Delhi SHRI G. P. YADAV
SHRI K. K. BARUA (Alternate)
GAIL, New Delhi SHRI DEBASHISH ROY
SHRI MANISH KHANDELWAL (Alternate)
Gujarat Narmada Valley Fertilizers Co Ltd, Narmadanagar SHRI YOGESH N. PATEL
SHRI RAKESH S. AGRAWAL (Alternate)
Gujarat State Fertilizers & Chemicals Limited, Gujarat SHRI S. H. SHAH
SHRI AJAY SIKDAR (Alternate)
Haldia Petrochemical Ltd, Kolkata SHRI RAJ K. DATTA
SHRI T. R. SRIKANTH (Alternate)
HPCL-Mittal Energy Limited, Noida SHRI VINEET KUMAR GUPTA
SHRI ALAKESH GHOSH (Alternate)
IFFCO Limited, New Delhi REPRESENTATIVE
Indian Institute of Packaging, Mumbai DR SANJAY K. CHATTOPADHYAY
DR TANWEER ALAM (Alternate)
Indian Oil Corporation Limited, New Delhi SHRI SUMIT BASU
SHRI DHANAJAY SAHOO (Alternate)
Indian Sugar Mills Association, New Delhi SHRI G. K. THAKUR
SHRI PANKAJ RASTOGI (Alternate)
Inspection Syndicate of India Pvt Ltd, Kolkatta SHRI A. K. BASU
Lamifabs & Papers (P) Ltd, Aurangabad SHRI KAMLESH DHOOT
SHRI KISHORI LAL DHOOT (Alternate)
Lohia Corp Ltd, Kanpur SHRI ASHOK KUMAR BHATNAGAR
SHRI RAJEEV KUMAR DWIVEDI (Alternate)
Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution, SHRI ASHOK KUMAR
New Delhi DR SUBHASH GUPTA (Alternate)
National Federation of Cooperative Sugar Factories Ltd, New Delhi SHRI B. SHIVANNA
SHRI JASBIR SINGH (Alternate)
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IS 9755 : 2016
Organization Representative(s)
Office of the Textile Commissioner, Mumbai SHRI B. B. BHARTI
SHRI SOURABH KULKARNI (Alternate)
Plastindia Foundation, Mumbai SHRI SURENDER CHOUDHARY
SHRI L. K. SINGH (Alternate)
RCF Limited, Mumbai DR VILAS TUKARAM BAGWE
SHRI RAMESH KRISHNA PATIL (Alternate)
Reliance Industries Ltd, Mumbai DR SUNIL MAHAJAN
SHRI RAJU VENKAT (Alternate)
Superpack, Nagpur SHRI VINOD K. BAJAJ
SHRI ASHISH BAJAJ (Alternate)
Texel Industries Ltd, Halol SHRI SHAILESH R. MEHTA
SHRI NARESH R. MEHTA (Alternate)
The Fertilizer Association of India, New Delhi DR D. S. YADAV
DR R. K. TEWATIA (Alternate)
Ultratech Cement Limited, Mumbai DR SUBRATO CHOWDHURY
SHRI SANDEEP KADAM (Alternate)
VCPL, Vadodara SHRI V. SREENIVASAN
SHRI GIRISH M. PATEL (Alternate)
VOICE, New Delhi REPRESENTATIVE
Windmoller & Holscher India Pvt Ltd, New Delhi SHRI RAKESH S HAH
SHRI ANUJ SAHNI (Alternate)
BIS Directorate General SHRI PRABHAKAR RAI, SCIENTIST ‘E’ and Head (TXD)
[Representing Director General (Ex-officio)]
Member Secretary
SHRI J. K. GUPTA
Scientist ‘C’ (TXD), BIS
8
Bureau of Indian Standards
BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote
harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods
and attending to connected matters in the country.
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without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of
implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations.
Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.
Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of
‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards : Monthly Additions’.
This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No.: TXD 23 (1249).