TS 3.02.01 RES I2
TS 3.02.01 RES I2
TS 3.02.01 RES I2
CIRCUIT-BREAKERS
Disclaimer
NGG and NGET or their agents, servants or contractors do not accept any liability for any losses arising under or in connection
with this information. This limit on liability applies to all and any claims in contract, tort (including negligence), misrepresentation
(excluding fraudulent misrepresentation), breach of statutory duty or otherwise. This limit on liability does not exclude or restrict
liability where prohibited by the law nor does it supersede the express terms of any related agreements."
TABLE OF CONTENTS
This document describes the technical requirements for User’s equipment directly connected to the
England and Wales Transmission system and located within NGET’s busbar protection zone operating
at nominal voltages of 400 kV, 275 kV, 132 kV and 66 kV unless otherwise agreed with the user as
defined in the Bilateral agreement. The principles of this document applies to equipment connected at
other voltages”.
This document defines the technical requirements for circuit-breakers connected to the National Grid
Electricity Transmission System at 400kV, 275kV, 132kV, 66kV. The principles of this document also
apply to equipment connected at other voltages.
PART 1 – PROCEDURAL
1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1.1 All mandatory requirements of IEC 62271-100 and IEC 62271-1 shall be met for the
specified rating in an effectively earthed neutral system.
1.1.2 The circuit-breakers shall satisfactorily complete all initiated close and open operations.
1.1.3 In the event of a failure to latch in the closed position the circuit-breaker shall open fully and
shall be capable of performing all switching and fault interrupting duties during this opening
operation.
1.1.4 In the event of opening immediately following a close operation and a continuous close
signal being maintained there shall not be repeated attempts to close the circuit-breaker.
1.1.5 All circuit-breakers shall be fitted with a robust and reliable indicating drive system capable at
all times of giving a clear and unambiguous representation of the position of the main
contacts of the device. The indicating system shall be positively driven in both directions.
1.1.6 The density of the arc extinguishing and insulating media shall be monitored and two
discrete alarm levels shall be set as follows;
• A Falling gas alarm to signify the gas density of the arc extinguishing and insulating
media has fallen below the normal/rated operating density but is still within
operational limits. Opening will still be possible and a close may still be possible,
depending on the circuit breaker design.
• A Low gas alarm to signify the gas density of the arc extinguishing and insulating
media has fallen to the minimal functional pressure.
Where applicable, the low gas alarm for the arc extinguishing and insulating media shall
coincide with an open and close lockout to prevent the circuit breaker being opened and
closed. The open and close lockout is often referred to as a Trip Lockout.
A separate close lockout may also be required at an operating density of the arc
extinguishing and insulating media between the normal and low alarm level at which it can
no longer perform a close and subsequent immediate open operation. With agreement this
lockout may coincide with the falling alarm level, or the falling alarm level may be set to
coincide with the required close lockout density. A close lockout is typically not required
where the density of the insulating and interrupting medium is not depleted during the closing
operation,
Informative: Where the insulation media is different to the arc extinguishing media and
evidence exists that the insulation medium can be operated at 0barg, assuming the arc
extinguishing media is at an acceptable level, i.e. vacuum interrupters in SF 6, the
requirement for low density open and close lockout can be waived provided it can be
demonstrated that any associated switching transients, lightning transients or normal steady
state voltages do not result in the insulation media being overstressed.
1.1.7 Monitoring systems shall be such that any closing operations are only permitted if a
subsequent opening operation remains possible. These requirements may be modified
where a requirement for forced tripping is identified. This can apply to both operating
mechanisms and interrupters.
1.1.8 Provision shall be made for falling density, low density, close lockout and open lockout
levels, as appropriate, to be remotely alarmed.
1.1.9 The circuit-breaker in its normal operational state (i.e. with all access doors etc closed) shall
meet the pollution performance criteria associated with a degree of protection of IP54.
1.1.10 Where isolation facilities are provided between the main volume of any insulating or arc
extinguishing media and the associated monitoring equipment this isolation shall fail to
safety and it shall not be possible to put the circuit-breaker into service with the monitoring
isolated and unable to monitor the main volume.
1.1.11 Circuit breakers shall be designed to be controlled and operate as a synchronous three
phase device, with the exception of devices utilising controlled switching (Point on Wave)
where the operation of each phase is intentionally staggered by a defined amount. When
intentionally switching non simultaneously the condition of each phase shall be considered
as per the logic in Appendix A before allowing operation of the circuit breaker.
Informative: It is recognised that the circuit breaker logic and wiring may be different where
controlled switching is implemented as the circuit breaker is no longer switched as a
complete three phase device. The circuit breaker should only be allowed to operate if all
three phases are in a condition that would allow it to operate.
Informative: Where a complete circuit breaker comprises fewer or greater than three phases
the same logic as described above shall apply.
1.2.1 Circuit-breakers shall be arranged for three pole operation by powered mechanism or
mechanisms.
1.2.2 The rated operating sequence in accordance with IEC 62271-100 shall be O - 0.3s - CO - 3
min - CO.
1.2.3 Provision shall be made for local and remote indication that the stored energy system has
less than the specified minimum stored energy for a normal operating cycle, close-open
(CO). The close lockout shall be initiated. This 'stored energy system incorrect' indication
shall not be initiated due to normal operation of the circuit-breaker, including any recharging
activity to replenish the minimum stored energy level.
1.2.4 Provision shall be made for local and remote indication that the stored energy system has
less than the specified minimum stored energy for normal opening. The open lockout or,
where required, a forced open operation, shall be initiated. This 'stored energy system
incorrect' indication shall not be initiated due to normal operation of the circuit-breaker.
1.2.5 Operating system lockouts shall be arranged such that if it is possible to close the circuit-
breaker normally then opening is not prevented as a result of the energy consumed during
the preceding close operation.
1.2.6 In satisfying clause 1.2.5 the maximum tolerance on setting of monitoring devices and an
allowance for drift and short time adiabatic change together with either an ambient
temperature change of up to 10C or the normal loss of stored energy during a two hour
period, whichever has the greater effect, shall be taken into account.
1.2.7 Where a hydraulic system utilises a compressed gas for energy storage, the pre-charge
pressure of this gas related to the ambient temperature at the time of pre-charging shall be
sufficient to prevent the initiation of a low gas alarm under normal operating conditions when
the ambient temperature falls to the minimum specified in TS 1(RES). Where such systems
initiate lockouts following loss of the pre-charge they shall also initiate appropriate alarms
indicating the conditions.
1.2.8 The operating level of safety/relief valves fitted to replenishment systems shall be set with
sufficient margin above the system replenishment cessation level to accommodate an
ambient temperature rise of 10C.
1.2.9 Means shall be provided to allow the stored energy system to be charged and discharged
when the circuit-breaker is either closed or open without causing operation of, or damage to,
the circuit-breaker. This requirement is waived for springs connected directly to moving
contacts, such as opening springs.
1.2.10 Loss of stored energy from the mechanism shall not cause the primary contacts to part.
1.2.11 Stored energy systems shall not be released due to vibration caused by normal operation or
other normal service phenomena.
1.2.12 Mechanisms incorporating springs for energy storage shall be provided with an
unambiguous indication of spring state (charged or discharged).
1.3.1 Where individual poles have separate operating releases the control scheme shall be such
that the requirements of clause 1.3.7 are met.
1.3.2 If the opening circuit is initiated the closing circuit shall be rendered inoperative.
1.3.3 Operating mechanisms shall be provided with facilities for closing and opening and for
selection of local/remote control
1.3.4 In the event of a failure to complete a closing operation involving poles having independent
drive mechanisms provision shall be made for automatic opening of poles which have
closed. Provision for a remote alarm indicating non-simultaneity of poles shall be provided.
This requirement shall take account of any intentional non-simultaneity of poles.
1.3.5 In the event of a failure to complete an opening operation involving poles having
independent drive mechanisms, provision shall be made for an alarm indicating non-
simultaneity of poles. This requirement shall take account of any intentional non-simultaneity
of poles.
Informative: It is noted this can be implemented by the on site control scheme instead of by
the circuit breaker.
1.3.6 300 kV and 420 kV circuit-breakers shall be provided with two opening releases per
operating mechanism. The opening releases shall be arranged for supply from independent
battery systems and shall have segregated circuits such that failure of one device in a circuit
does not prevent opening of the circuit-breaker. The logic diagrams in Appendix A illustrate
the requirements.
1.3.7 If the D.C. power supply is removed from either opening circuit of a circuit-breaker control
scheme or one of the Trip Circuit Supervision systems detects a fault with one of the two trip
circuits, an alarm shall be raised and it shall still be possible to close the circuit breaker. If
the D.C power supply is removed from both opening circuits of a circuit breaker control
scheme, the remote closing circuit or mechanism shall be rendered inoperative and a
suitable alarm raised to signify the breaker is now inoperative.
1.3.8 Circuit-breaker opening coils and their associated opening circuits shall be suitable for
continuous supervision which is functional regardless of the state of the circuit-breaker (open
or closed).
The alarm output shall not operate due to normal circuit-breaker operations. The system
shall be self-monitoring and failure of a single component shall not cause the circuit-breaker
to operate. Isolation facilities shall be provided for circuit-breaker opening coils. These shall
be labelled appropriately. These facilities shall be such that the open circuit supervision
system shall detect isolation of the opening coils. In addition, the isolation facilities shall be
such that they can be secured against unauthorised reinstatement, preferably by a lock and
removable key system.
1.3.9 Electrical connectors used within the mechanism cabinet of a circuit-breaker shall be suitable
for the mechanical duty imposed upon them and their integrity shall not be compromised by
operation of the mechanism.
2 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
2.1.1 Electronic equipment shall comply with the relevant requirements of NGTS 3.24.15(RES).
2.1.2 When switching capacitive currents within declared rating the circuit-breaker shall exhibit a
very low probability of re-strike as defined by Class C2 of IEC 62271-100.
2.1.3 The short-circuit ratings specified apply to both three phase and single phase fault conditions
including the relevant arc duration considerations.
2.1.4 The maximum short-circuit break time required to comply with TS 1(RES) is 50 ms for
420 kV circuit-breakers, 60 ms for 300 kV circuit-breakers and 70 ms for 145 kV circuit-
breakers. This break time shall be determined as described in IEC 62271-100 with due
regard to the rated voltage of the operating releases as defined in TS 2.2 (RES).
Informative: The IEC defines the break time as “the interval of time between the beginning of
the opening time of a mechanical switching device and the end of the arcing time”. Since the
break time depends heavily on the current being interrupted the term short circuit break time
is used to clarify the particular conditions under which the break time is critical i.e. under
short circuit conditions for reasons of system stability etc.
2.1.5 The circuit-breaker opening and closing times at the maximum, rated and minimum
operating voltage of the opening and closing releases shall be declared.
2.1.6 The maximum Make-Break time shall be 80 ms for 420 kV circuit-breaker, 100 ms for 300 kV
circuit-breakers and 120 ms for 145 kV circuit-breakers.
2.1.7 The minimum Make-Break time at rated conditions shall be declared and it shall be
demonstrated that the circuit-breaker can perform all switching and fault interrupting duties
under these conditions.
2.1.8 Operating tolerances, including those for simultaneity of poles, shall be as specified in
IEC 62271-100
2.1.9 Circuit-breakers for intentionally non-simultaneous pole operation shall be designed and
tested in accordance with IEC 62271-302.
3 TEST REQUIREMENTS
3.1.1 Control system testing shall be in accordance with the requirements of TS 3.24.15 (RES).
3.2.1 For general application, asymmetrical current short-circuit interruption tests shall be
undertaken with a time constant of 45ms or greater.
Note re 3.2.1 & 3.2.2: If other nominal and short circuit current ratings are applicable to users
this is acceptable provided the equipment is fit for purpose. . As per IEC6227-1, 120ms will
be accepted where it is adequate for site specific conditions.
3.2.3 Short-circuit testing shall be demonstrated at the minimum operating conditions (lockout)
appropriate to the commencement of the duty, i.e. C, O or O-0.3sec-CO. This demonstration
shall confirm the interrupting ability, at open lockout conditions, throughout the full range of
arc durations related to single phase fault conditions.
3.2.4 Short-circuit testing shall be demonstrated at the minimum (lockout) conditions of arc
extinguishing and insulating media
3.2.5 Demonstration of ability against the non-mandatory and Out of Phase requirements of IEC
62271-100 is required.
3.2.6 General purpose circuit-breakers shall be tested for overhead line and cable switching duties
in accordance with IEC 62271-100. These tests shall demonstrate that the circuit-breaker
can be categorised as having a very low probability of re-strike (Class C2). The voltage
factor during testing shall be 1.4 for overhead line application and 1.0 for cable applications.
Cable switching testing may be waived where circuit-breakers are separately tested for
capacitor bank switching.
Informative: Capacitive current switching tests shall preferably be performed using full pole,
direct test methods.
3.4.1 The Supplier shall provide a schedule of site commissioning tests, broadly in accordance
with, and sufficient to show compliance with, IEC 62271-100. The site commissioning
programme shall include a complete functional check of the control features.
None.
5 DEFINITIONS
General purpose circuit-breaker A circuit-breaker for application or connection to NGET’s
transmission system operating in a normal system role
covered by the requirements of IEC 62271-100.
Typically this refers to circuit-breakers applied to lines,
cables, transformers, bus sections and bus couplers.
6 AMENDMENTS RECORD
7 REFERENCES
7.3 IEC 62271-100 High-voltage Switchgear & Controlgear – Part 100: AlternatingCurrent
Circuit-breakers
7.4 IEC 62271-110 High-voltage Switchgear & Controlgear – Part 110: Inductive Current
Switching.
7.5 IEC 62271-302 High Voltage Switchgear & Controlgear – Part 302: Alternating
Current circuit-breakers with intentionally non-simultaneous
poleoperation
7.6 BS 381C Specification for Colours for Identification, Coding and Special
Purposes.
7.7 TS 1(RES) Ratings and General Requirements for Plant, Equipment & Apparatus
for the National Grid system
&
Trip System 1 DC Fail
Close System Trip System 2 DC Fail
Trip Supplies Fail Alarm
Alarm / Trip Circuit
Trip System 1 DC Fail Supervision
Alarm / Trip Circuit
Trip System 2 DC Fail
Supervision
Stored Energy Below
Close Lockout Alarm
Close Open Level
Inhibit DAR
Arc Extinction and
=1
Insulating Medium
Close Lockout Alarm
Density/Pressure Low Depending
on Device
Arc Extinction and
Arc Extinction and
Insulating Medium
Insulating Medium Alarm
Density/Pressure
Density/Pressure Falling
Falling &
Local Open
Stored Energy
t STORED Replenishment System Alarm
ENERGY Excessive Runtime
&
Trip System 1 DC Fail
Close System Trip Supplies Fail Alarm
Trip System 2 DC Fail
Alarm / Trip Circuit
Trip System 1 DC Fail Supervision
Alarm / Trip Circuit
Trip System 2 DC Fail
Supervision
Stored Energy Below
Close Lockout Alarm
Close Open Level
Inhibit DAR
Arc Extinction and
=1
Insulating Medium
Close Lockout Alarm
Density/Pressure Low Depending
on Device
Arc Extinction and
Arc Extinction and
Insulating Medium
Insulating Medium Alarm
Density/Pressure
Density/Pressure Falling
Falling &
Local Open
Stored Energy
t STORED Replenishment System Alarm
ENERGY Excessive Runtime
&
Circuit Breaker Closed SET
S Q
&
Local Close
Local
R CLR Q
Local Remote Selector
Switch >=1 &
Remote Close Remote & Closing Coils
(Input signal conditioned by Trip
Circuit Supervision)
&
Trip System 1 DC Fail
Close System Trip Supplies Fail Alarm
Trip System 2 DC Fail
Alarm / Trip Circuit
Trip System 1 DC Fail Supervision
Alarm / Trip Circuit
Trip System 2 DC Fail
Supervision
Stored Energy Below
Close Lockout Alarm
Close Open Level
Inhibit DAR
Arc Extinction and
=1
Insulating Medium
Close Lockout Alarm
Density/Pressure Low Depending
on Device
Arc Extinction and
Arc Extinction and
Insulating Medium
Insulating Medium Alarm
Density/Pressure
Density/Pressure Falling
Falling
Local Open
Arc Extinction and Arc Extinction and
Insulating Medium Insulating Medium Alarm
Density/Pressure Low Density/Pressure Low
Stored Energy
t STORED Replenishment System Alarm
ENERGY Excessive Runtime
&
Circuit Breaker Closed SET
S Q
&
Local Close
Local
Local Remote Selector R CLR Q
Switch >=1 &
Remote Close Remote & Closing Coils
(Input signal conditioned by Trip
Circuit Supervision)
&
Trip System 1 DC Fail
Close System Trip Supplies Fail Alarm
Trip System 2 DC Fail
Alarm / Trip Circuit
Trip System 1 DC Fail Supervision
Trip System 2 DC Fail Alarm / Trip Circuit
Supervision
Stored Energy Below
Close Lockout Alarm
Close Open Level
Inhibit DAR
Arc Extinction and
=1
Insulating Medium
Density/Pressure Low Close Lockout Alarm
Depending
on Device
Arc Extinction and
Arc Extinction and
Insulating Medium
Insulating Medium Alarm
Density/Pressure
Density/Pressure Falling
Falling
Local Open
Open / Trip System 2 Stored Energy Below Trip (open and close)
Trip Lockout Level Lockout Alarm
Monitored by Trip Circuit &
Supervision System Tripping Coils
Protection Trip (System 2)
Arc Extinction and Arc Extinction and
Insulating Medium Insulating Medium Alarm
Density/Pressure Low Density/Pressure Low
Stored Energy
t STORED Replenishment System Alarm
ENERGY Excessive Runtime
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