Level of Performance Thesis

International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research (IJSER)
ISSN (Online): 2347-3878

Index Copernicus Value (2015): 56.67 | Impact Factor (2017): 5.156
Level of Performance of Police Community

Relation of TreceMartires City Component Police
Station against Crime and Criminality
*Sombrio, Patricia BMAH H1, 2, 3, Branca, Jonalyn A1, 2, 3
College of Criminal Justice Edication2

Laguna State Polytechnic University - Siniloan3
Siniloan, Laguna
2017
+639498425984/+639062489345,
patricia_sombrio[at]yahoo.com
School of Criminology1
TreceMartires City College2
Trece – Indang Road, Barangay Luciano, TreceMartires City3

April 2017
+639453186096
Abstract: Safe and peaceful community is everyone’s concern; however, this concern is hindered by deviant behavior of the
community, thus the police organization created a unit to lead in promoting community relations to strengthen the relationship of the
police and the community. This study was conducted to identify the demographic profile of the participants; to evaluate the effectiveness
of the programs implemented by the police community relations and to assess the extent of level of performance of the Police Community
Relations in Trece Martires City Component Police Station in terms of the programs implemented and through community policing.
Descriptive method was used because it involves the description, recording, analysis, and interpretation of gathered data and a self –
made survey questionnaire was distributed to 150 of community and 15 police officers with a total of 165 participants. The result reveals
the level of performance of the Police Community Relations as perceived by the police participants was highly effective and well-
implemented to prevent crimes and criminality. As to community perception, the programs were just moderately effective to fight crimes
and criminality. Therefore, it was resulted to significantly different on the perception of the community and police with regards to the
level of performance of the Police Community Relations to fight crimes and criminality. The community suggested different programs
for the improvement of Police Community Relations to maintain peace and order; and assure the locality against crimes and criminality.
Keywords: criminality, community policing, relationship, community, police community relation
1. Introduction various definition on what crime prevention is and despite of

the different strategy applied by the respective authorities in
Crime happens everywhere, it is one of the major problems each and every locality in our country, if not in the whole
aside from the poverty the government is facing. The world, still crime exist and there is no definite data on what
increase of the crime rate in a country affects not just the are the effective strategies to effectively combat crime and
peace and order in its community but also had a great impact prevent its existence.
to the country‟s economic status. A well planned and well
organized crime prevention strategy will not just prevent There were different theories explaining the existence of
crimes but also leads to promotion of community safety, and crime, one of which was the Anomie Theory by Emile
progress and development of the country. Prevention is the Durkheim who proposed the principle that crime is a normal
first imperative of justice (UN Document s/2006/616 par.4). thing in a community, that the idea of wrong is an important
Hence, there is a need to balance the approach between the ingredient to establish and recognized the value and meaning
relationship of crime prevention techniques and the criminal of right and that crime assist the society for changes and
justice response to develop initiatives on crime prevention. development since it becomes flexible when it permits
(ECOSOC Res. 20) negative force to serve as basis for establishment of positive
thing (Introduction to Criminology, p.28, Bajita, 2009) thus,
There were several definition of Crime Prevention; it can be this only precipitate that crime prevention strategies were
interpreted in several ways depending upon the type of not effective measures to reduce crimes. However Edwin
criminal behavior to be presented. In some cases, it refers to Sutherland, American Sociologist withholds the positivist
the resolution of the social, psychological, and economic view but gives accent in using legal definition of criminality.
conditions that led to the desire to commit crime, in others; it He stated that those views furnish a dependable guide to
is concern with the elimination of the opportunity for crime determine what is and what is not deviant, that criminality is
through the presence of police patrols, and hardening the site a minor activity that can be obviate by the crime prevention
to foil commission of crime (Revised Police Ethics and strategies or programs.
Community Relations by Florendo 2008). Regardless of the
Volume 6 Issue 12, December 2018

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Paper ID: IJSER18428 1 of 9
The researcher would like to know what were the strategies Morgan states that the primary function of police is
and or programs adopted by the Trece Martires City Police concerned with preventing crime and catching criminals
Community Relations to effectively combat and prevent (Morgan, 2008). However, the police without the lively
crime from occurring its effectiveness and impact to the involvement of the community face difficulty in tackling
society and the city‟s preparedness for the future crime as crime (Palmiotto, 2007). The community relation is the total
the said place was in its utmost level of progressiveness due effort of the criminal justice system to become an accepted
to the different business establishment and job opportunities part of the community. This idea is strengthen by saying that
in its locality. Crime prevention is not just a mere strategy “Police cannot succeed in solving or preventing crime
but also a process, a process that requires a wide study, a without the assistance of the community”. Thus to prevent
specific step by step procedures to be followed upon, as crime successfully there must be a community partnership
what people say “ Crime Prevention is everybody‟s concern, and involvement. This fact indicates the need of the
for crime prevention is better than crime solution”. involvement of the community, the local government and the
“Prevention is better than cure” is a very important axiom. It police to work together to tackle crime. Therefore
is a must to examine and identify the areas where there is a community policing has become a major issue for many
risk and difficulties in implementing crime prevention countries in the world. Community Policing is the best way
strategies. of policing currently; working together with the community
on the basis of partnership should be the primary concern of
This research will be beneficial to those individual the police, thus understanding the dynamics of human
especially to the citizen of Trece Martires who are interested relations, agents of criminal justice system is a must to be
to know and understand the specific programs and strategies able to utilize and implement the various techniques
implemented in the said city. Never to forget that this study designed to reach the community (Denny F. Pace
will be of great help to the official of the said city for this Community Relations Concepts fourth edition)
research material can also serve as their basis for any
modification in their strategies or programs to fight According to Community Policing to Reduce and Prevent
criminality. The researcher aim to provide accurate and Violence against Women community policing is an
reliable data for this piece of hard-work will be used as a organization- wide philosophy and management approach
reference to the future researcher‟s like Criminology that promotes partnerships, proactive problem solving, and
Students as well to those who are conducting a study whose community engagement to address the causes of crime, the
field is about Crime Prevention. fear of crime and other community issues‟ (Police Executive
Research Forum 2008). Similarly, Jenny Coquilhat defined
2. Review of Related Literature community policing as „A philosophy of policing that
promotes community-based problem solving strategies to
2.1. Theoretical Framework address the underlying causes of crime and disorder and fear
and provides reassurance. It is a process by which crime
The researcher utilized the Deterrence Theory where in this control is shared, or co-produced with the public, and a
theory argues that the criminal acts are inhibited or deterred means of developing the communication with the public thus
because of the punishment that can be associated with crime enhancing the quality of life of local communities and
(Andanaes, 1974, Zimring and Hawkins, 1973). Proponents building police legitimacy (Coquilhat, 2008).
of Deterrence Theory believe that people choose to obey or
violate the law after calculating the gains and consequences Community service refers to the activities whereby police
of their actions. Police Community Relations focus is to engage in pro-social activities to enhance the well-being of
prevent crime through community policing or building the community beyond law enforcement and order
relationships with community. There are seminars conducted maintenance. Police are obliged to provide a policing service
by the community wherein they discuss to the community which has to be efficient and effective often referred as
the different kinds of crime prevention programs and also service orientation. It is described in the works of
explain to them what would be the punishment once a Trojanowicz and Bucqueroux (2006). There must be equity
person got engaged in criminal activities. Through this the in service delivery‟. This means a principle in the delivery of
would-be criminal‟s decision will be influenced. Achieving police service recognizes that all citizens will have to
such decisive influence requires altering or reinforcing receive effective police service, regardless of race, gender,
decision makers perceptions of key factors they must weigh ethnicity, religious beliefs, income, sexual preferences, and
in deciding whether to act counter to (our interest) or to other differences. Service orientation further explained by
exercise restraint (Gen. Kevin Chilton, 2009) St. Petersburg police department (2011), as to be „service-
oriented‟ is to be „other oriented' not in the sense of
2.2. Literature Review sacrificing your needs for someone else, but rather in
consideration of needs that are inclusive of both yours and
Foreign Literature others. It is a win-win proposition. To „serve‟ is to „seek‟ to
„include rather than to „exclude. It is the awareness of and
Crime causes economic, health, well-being, psychological respect for diversity, individual differences, and basic human
effects and society at large. Crime is a serious social rights. The community policing characterized by community
problem that directly reduces the quality of the life of partnership, which means adopting a policing perspective
individuals and the community. However, the police are the that exceeds the standard law enforcement (Skogan, 2008).
most visible institution devoted in fighting crime twenty four Community Policing encourages the police and other
hour a day and seven days a week. In support of this idea agencies to develop partnership with the community for

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constructive information sharing, and effective policing According to Varona (2009) community relationship
activity (Radalet, 2007). Crime develops out a neighborhood between police and the community is a good way to improve
disorder and decay. As law abiding residents see the the programs of the police organization that needs
conditions around them deteriorating, they feel a lack of cooperation both of the community and police; however
control in the environment. Disorder and decay empower policemen nowadays are having hard times in gaining the
criminal, who then seize control and a spiraling of crime rate trust and good relationship with the community. Thus this
begins. only means that there might be a problem and difficulties in
The role of the community police officer is to empower law the Implementation of the programs of Police Organization
abiding citizens to take back the control to their especially when it is related and needs the assistance of the
environment. Community policing is a commitment to community. This only means that the police cannot function
provide a policing decentralized and personalized police properly and effectively without the full cooperation and
service to neighborhoods. As indicated in the Community assistance of the community they serve.
Policing Consortium (Police Integrity 2005). Trust between
the police and the community is the cornerstone of the Research Questions:
effective community policing. The incidence of corruption
and abuse of power can harm the image of the police in their Research Question 1: What is the demographic profile of the
community. Community policing gives a name and a face to respondents in terms of the following:
the police so that the residents will feel that the police are
people they can trust and work with. Trust reduces mutual  Sex
suspicions of police and residents and it provides foundation  Age
that allows the police and the community to collaborate  Civil Status
(Trojanowicz, 2007). Community policing sees the  Educational Attainment
community as the source of information. It must be utilized  Occupation
because without the information from the community the  Length of Service
work of the police is doomed to failure. Community policing
creates a daily contact with the community to realize that the Research Question 2: What are the practices of Police
police officers is a friend and in return, enabling the police Community Relation in relation to crime and criminalities?
to get to know his community. In this way police ensures
that the members of the community, voluntarily provide Research Question 3: What is the extent of the effectiveness
valuable crime related information. Communication must be of the performance of the Trece Martires City Component
timely, comprehensive and direct (BJA& Oliver, 2010). Police in line with the implementation of the community
Community crime prevention often involves the active relations program for crime prevention as to:
participation of local residents and organizations in those
communities and neighborhoods. They may be involved in i. Community Policing
identifying local priorities as well as implementing ii. Programs Implemented
responses. (UN Office on Drugs and Crime Vienna). One of
the most common assumptions on crime prevention is that it Research Question 4: Is there a significant difference
can be clearly separated from the other areas of activity, and between the perceptions of the participants on the extent of
that it is restricted to academia, or solely to the province of implementation of community relation programs for crime
the police and justice system. Community policing has prevention?
distinctive characteristics. Kelling and Moore (2010)
Research Question 5: What are the recommendations or
Local Literature other actions to be taken by the Trece Martires City Police in
order to develop and improve the crime prevention programs
The Doctrine of Reciprocal Responsibility required that the of the Police Community Relation?
police and the community must be working together to attain
the healthy and peaceful environment. Through community H1 = There is no significant difference on the effectiveness of
policing, the organizational strategies to address the causes the performance of the police community relations of Trece
of crimes, to reduce the fear of crime and problem solving Martires City Component Police Station against Crime and
tactics and community- police involvement. (Florendo 2008, Criminality as perceived by the participants
Revised Police Ethics and Community Relations)
Police Community Affairs are activities outside law 2.3. Research Simulacrum
enforcement but which necessitates PNP support and or
participation. This results a contribution for a better The paradigm illustrates the flow of crime prevention
appreciation and enhance support to the police organization program implemented by the police organization. Crime
in a whole. They also quoted the democratic concept of prevention was divided into community policing and
policing wherein the police are the people, and the people program implemented by police community relation unit
are the police, this means that every police officer is required such as PNP image, lessen crime and criminality and to have
to protect lives and property, preserve peace and order and safe community. In this aspect, community gives sympathy
prevent crimes and other civil disturbances (Manwong and to three (3) factors to have an effective performance of the
Delizo 2005, Law Enforcement Administration) PCR in crime prevention. The flow starts from the POLICE
IMAGE; this flow shows the impact of the image of the
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police to the community either good or bad. A good police Police Community Relations Unit of Trece Martires City
image can lead to the positive response and cooperation of component Police Station.
the community towards to effective implementation of the
programs against crime and criminality, a good police image 3.4. Research Instruments
and effective implementation of the programs against crime
and criminality will lead to the second flow which is the The researcher gathered data for the study through interview
LESSEN CRIME AND CRIMINALITY, through the and self – made survey questionnaires as an instrumentation
effective implementation of the programs against crime and used in the research study.
criminality and together with the positive cooperation of the
community this flow will be achieved because it is said that Primary Instruments
without the full cooperation of the community to help the
police in order to fight crimes and criminalities whatever For the primary instrumentation of gathering data‟s and
programs that the police will implement will be invaluable information related to the study the researcher conducted
and will not be useful without the help of the community. interview, and collected data from the participants‟
The third and last flow is the SAFE COMMUNITY; the perception through the use of survey questionnaire. The
third flow is the result of the first and second flow and will interview was conducted to the police officers of the Police
be the way to determine the effectiveness of the performance Community Relations Unit of the Trece Martires City
of the PCR. Component Police Station to determine the programs against
crime and criminality they were implementing in the said
locality.
Survey Questionnaire
The self – made survey questionnaire was formulated by

information and data gathered from the police officers, of
police community relations. The survey questionnaire was
composed of three parts. Part I, the effectiveness of the
programs of crime prevention being implemented by the
officers of police community relations in Trece Martires City
Component Police Station. Part II, the community‟s
perception on the effectiveness of the actions of the Police
Community Relations Unit in reaching out the community in
Figure 1: Paradigm of Performance of Police Community order to prevent crimes and criminality. Part III, the possible
Relation against Crime and Criminality recommendations of the community in order to enhance and
improve the programs being enacted and implemented by
3. Research Method the Police Community Relations to effectively prevent
crimes and criminality in the said city.
3.1. Research Design
3.5. Data Collection
The researcher used the descriptive method that describes
systematically, factually, accurately and objectively a The data was gathered from the community and police
situation or problem. Descriptive Method was usually the officers. The researcher asked permission from the
best method for gathering information about the present participants if they were willing to answer and give their
existing condition. The descriptive method is fact- finding, perceptions regarding their observation on the
with adequate interpretation, it is explains and describes implementation of the program of Trece Martires City
something more than just data gathering because it describes Component Police Station. Then it was forwarded to
the current condition of the situation that exists. statistician to interpret and analyze the data. The self – made
survey questionnaire was examined and reviewed by the
3.2. Research Locale research adviser, and PC/INSP Fermil V. Dela Cruz, Deputy
Chief of Police Dasmarinas City Police Station.
The study was located only within the premises of Trece
Martires City in the province of Cavite. 3.6. Data Analysis
3.3. Population and Sampling In the analyses of the data collected, the researchers used the
frequency distribution for tables, charts, figures, graphs, and
This research was composed of 165 respondents. 150 of the percentage in assessing and to identify the level of
respondents are private individuals in the community from performance of the programs implemented by the Police
different barangay‟s of Trece Martires City who willingly Community Relations in Unit of Trece Martires City
answered the survey questionnaire base on their observation Component Police Station.
on the implementation of the programs of the Police
f
Community Relations Unit of Trece Martires City Percentage formula: % = x 100
N
Component Police Station against crime and criminality. The Wherein:
other 15 participants of the study are Police Officers of the %= percentage
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f= frequency Sex. Table 2 shows the frequency and the percentage of the
n= number of participants participants by sex. As to police officers, male a frequency
fiXi of 10 or 67%; and female has a frequency of 5 or 33%. As to
Mean formula: x =
n Community, the male participant has a frequency of 76 or
Wherein:
51%; and a female participant has a frequency of 74 or
f= frequency or observation
49%.This implies that most of the participants were male. It
x= weight
indicates that police officers are dominated by men because
n= total observation
of the nature of their work; however, as mandated by the
x = mean
organization, female police officers were needed to assist a
sensitive situation particular to women and children cases
The community was expecting and relying on the
(Stewart 2009 )
capabilities of the police to keep them safe and secure in
their places all the time, however despite of this fact, still
Table 3: Frequency and Percentage of the Respondent
they see some situation in the community that needs
According to Civil Status
attention and assistance from the police officers. It means
the community was not fully aware of the programs of the Police Community
Civil Status
police organization where the Police Community Relations F % F (%)
Unit implemented to promote the campaign against crime Married 10 67 69 46
and criminality. In this view, the community still believes on Single 5 33 81 54
Total: 15 100% 150 100%
trust the police organization despite of the negative feedback
of some members of the community.
Civil Status, Table 3 shows the frequency and percentage of
the participants by civil status. As to police officers, married
4. Discussion has a frequency of 10 or 67%; and single has a frequency of
5 or 33%. As to community, married has a frequency of 81
4.1. Profile of the Respondents or 54%; and single has a frequency of 69 or 46%.It reveals
that majority of the participants were married and focus to
Table 1: Frequency and Percentage of the Respondent promote peace and order to protect the family. Police
According to Age officers were inspired to implement and promote the
Police Community programs to fight against crime and criminality but also to
Age
F % F (%)
provide their family a safety and peaceful community
15-20 4 27 36 24
21-25 7 46 40 26
(Zimringet, al 2007).
26-35 4 27 37 25
36 & above 0 0. 37 25. Table 4: Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the
Total 15 100 150 100 Respondents according to Educational Qualification
Police Community
Educational Attainment
Age. Table 1 shows the frequency and percentage of the F % F (%)
participants by age. The total numbers of the participants Elementary Graduate 0 0 20 13
were 165 in this study. The age brackets of police officers Secondary ( Graduate) 0 0 61 41
Vocational/TESDA 0 0 29 19
were 15- 20years old has a frequency of 7 or 46% years old Bachelor ( Graduate) 12 80 40 27
with a frequency of 4 or 27%. As to community, the age Masteral Degree 3 20 0 0
brackets were 21- 25 years old has a frequency of 40 or Total 15 100% 150 100%
26%; 26- 35 years old has a frequency of 37 or 25%; 36 &
above years old has a frequency of 37 or 25%; and 15- 20 Educational Attainment. Table 4 shows the frequency and
years old has a frequency of 36 or 24%.This implies that percentage of the participants by Educational Attainment. As
most of the police officers were young and new to the to Police Officer, college graduate has a frequency of 12 or
service, while the community on the other hand indicates 80%; master‟s degree has a frequency of 3 or 20%. As to
that the community respondents are matured individual and community, elementary graduate has a frequency of 20 or
credible enough to be on their observation. Young male 13%; high school graduate has a frequency of 61 or 41%;
choose to become a police or render service for the college graduate has a frequency of 40 or 27% and the
government not just because they are want to have an college undergraduate has a frequency of 29 or 19%.It
authority among people, but to encourage to serve the explains that most of the Police Officers were college
community in fighting crimes and criminality (Clarkson, graduate, and the communities were high school graduate.
2009). According to Jones (2006), police officers were educated
enough to enforce the law and knowledgeable to implement
Table 2: Frequency and Percentage of the Respondent programs to the community. In community perspective, lack
According to Sex of educational knowledge was not a primary requirement to
Police Community observe and judge the effectiveness of the implementation of
Sex
F % F (%) the programs against crime and criminality being
Male 10 67 74 49
implemented by the police officers in their community.
Female 5 33 76 51
Total: 15 100% 150 100%

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Table 5: Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the officers were new in the service. This explains police
Police according to Length of Service officers were newly downloaded to Police Community
Length of Service F % Relations Unit. However, despite of this fact, they are
1-5 yrs 12 80 knowledgeable and experienced enough to enforce the
6-10 yrs 3 20 programs (Clark et, al 2012).
Total 15 100%
4.2. Level of Police Performance of Police Community
Length of Service. Table 5 shows the distribution of the Relation against Crime and Criminality as perceived by
police according to length of service. The length of service the Participants
of 1 – 5 years has a frequency of 12 or 80%; and 6 – 10
years has a frequency of 3 or 20%. This indicates that police
Table 6: Level of Police Performance of Police Community Relation in Trece Martires City Component Police Stationon
Program Implementation in the Community
Police Community
Indicator
WM VI WM VI
A. Programs Implemented
1. House to house visitation in the barangay to check who
have not yet renewed or registered their firearms. 4.00 E 2.35 LE
2. Distributes flyers and other sources of crime prevention
tips to maintain awareness in the community. 4.40 HE 2.63 ME
3. Conducts free seminars, orientations and lectures in
schools barangays and other offices 4.00 E 3.05 ME
4. Patrols the street around the city by maintaining peace and
order in terms of patrol cars, motorcycles, street cameras, beat
patrol and etc. 4.47 HE 3.31 ME
5. Conduct training to barangay Peace Keeping Action Team
to maintain the peace and order in the area. 4.07 HE 3.19 ME
6. Uses of social media or webpage to disseminate
information about crime prevention. 4.27 HE 2.87 ME
7. Encourage the community to surrender and support
the battle against drugs. 5.00 HE 3.54 E
General Weighted mean 4.35 HE 2.99 ME
Legend: 5.00 – 4.20 – Highly Effective (HE) 2.59 – 1.80 – Less effective
4.19 – 3.40 – Effective (E) 1.79 – 1.00 – Not Effective
3.39 – 2.60 – Moderately Effective (ME)
Program Implemented. Table6 shows the programs support the battle against drugs. However, the community
implemented by the Police Community Relation as notices that house to house visitation in the barangay was
perceived by the participants. The total numbers of the less observed to check the firearms if it is registered or
participants were 165 in this study. The program renewed by the owners, this happen because nowadays the
implemented by police community relation has a general government is more active in the implementation of program
weighted mean score of 4.35 with a verbal interpretation of of anti- illegal drug campaign in the said locality as it is the
“Highly Effective” as to police officers. The community has primary concern of the current administration. (Charles
a general weighted mean of 2.99 with a verbal interpretation 2008).
of “Moderately Effective”.The data explains that the police
organization encourages the community to surrender and

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Table 7: Level of Police Performance of Police Community Relation in Trece Martires City Component Police Station on
Program Implementation and Community Policing
Police Community
Indicator
WM VI WM VI
B. Community Policing
1. They distributes flyers that explains the
modus operandi of criminals and other
information for crime prevention program 4.33 HE 2.93 ME
2. Conducts seminars, orientation and lectures in
different barangay, schools, and offices. 4.60 HE 2.88 ME
3. They maintain the harmonious relationship
between community and police personnel 4.87 HE 2.97 ME
4. They maintained the positive images of the
police organization 4.93 HE 2.57 ME
5. They participates in any activities like tree
planting, bloodletting, feeding and other related
activities in the city 4.67 HE 2.93 ME
6. They promote the vision and mission of the
police organization aligned in PATROL 2030. 4.53 HE 3.02 ME
7. They promote the campaign of the police
organization in social media. 4.53 HE 3.03 ME
General Weighted mean 4.64 HE 2.90 ME
Legend: 5.00 – 4.20 – Highly Effective (HE) 2.59 – 1.80 – Less effective
4.19 – 3.40 – Effective (E) 1.79 – 1.00 – Not Effective
3.39 – 2.60 – Moderately Effective (ME)
Community Policing. Table 7 shows the community organization in combating crime through campaigning in
policing programs implemented by the police community social media. Despite of the campaign by the police
relation unit as perceived by the participants. The total organization to have a positive image, the community still
numbers of participants were 165 in this study. The frightened to communicate and cooperate with the police in
community policing programs implemented by the police regards of combating crimes and criminality. According to
community relations has a general weighted mean score of Moore (2008), building good relationship between police
4.64 with a verbal interpretation of “highly effective” as to and community will require a long term process. Trust must
the police officers. While the community has a general achieve before police can assess the needs of the community
weighted mean score of 2.90 with a verbal interpretation of and construct the close ties that will engender community
“moderately effective”. The data shows that the police support.
organization maintains the positive image of the
4.3. Comparative Analysis on the Level of Police Performance of Police Community Relation in Trece Martires City
Component Police Station
Table 8: T – Test Result of Comparative Analysis on the Level of Police Performance of Police Community Relation in Trece
Martires City Component Police Station on Program Implementation and Community Policing
Police Community t-value
Indicator t-computed D VI
WM D WM D (5%)
A. Programs Implemented 4.35 HE 2.99 ME 2.75 1.895 Reject Ho Accepted
B. Community Policing 4.64 HE 2.90 ME 2.87 1.895 Reject Ho Accepted
Legend: If t – value is less than 0.05, rejected HO

If t – value is greater than 0.05, accepted HO
Comparative Analysis on Program Implementation and hypothesis was “accepted” because there was a “no
Community Policing. Table 8 shows T – Test result of significant difference”. The results shows, there were
Comparative Analysis on the Level of Police Performance of “significant difference” on the performance of police
Police Community Relation in the Trece Martires City community relation on the implementation of programs and
Component Police Station on Program Implementation and community policing in Trece Martires City because it was
Community Policing. The total numbers of participants were greater than t – value of 0.05 or 0.01 level of hypothesis was
150 in this study. As to programs implemented, the t - value “rejected”. The data explains the programs implemented and
was 1.895 with a verbal interpretation of “there is a community policing was a factors that measures the
significant difference”. As to community policing, the t – effectiveness of the performance of police community
value was 1.895 with a verbal interpretation of “there is a relation in Trece Martires City Component Police Station.
significant difference”. The data reveals, if the t – value was According to Kelling (2003), building directly on
greater than 0.05 or 0.01 level the hypothesis was “rejected” community-oriented ideas about crime and crime control,
because there was “significant difference”. Meanwhile, if shows how police practices based primarily on reactive law
the t – value was lower than 0.05 or 0.01 level the enforcement has been misguided. Community policing
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places the responsibility for order maintenance on police- and problem-oriented policing and police-citizen co-
citizen partnerships in communities and fore building production of crime prevention and community order are
informal social controls to counteract community seen as solutions for a crime-ridden community. This only
disorganization. From this perspective, police agencies must means that the programs implemented by the police are
help community residents who value order and a crime free factors to measure the effectiveness of the police in the
environment to reverse the spiral of disorder and decay in community.
order to re-establish order and control. Community-oriented
Table 9: Programs to be implemented by Police Community Relations Unit of TreceMartires City Component Police Station
as Suggested by the Participants
Programs Transcribed
“The true problem of in our society: People lack of relationship to God.
1. Implement Bible Study between policemen and barangays, houses;
1. Spiritual Activities 2. Encourage people in reading bible every day;
3. Police officers to conduct roving in every barangays to determine and see what
was truly happening in the community.
Too much drinking of liquor could be one of the reason criminality happens in the
2. Cigarettes and Liquor Ban community especially to those juvenile who does not know how to be responsible
enough in drinking alcohol.
3. Tree Planting and General Cleaning with the This program suggested will be of great help to help both the community and police in
Police Officers strengthening their relationship.
Many minors nowadays are having are committing an offense and that happens not just
4. Curfew Hours in daytime but most probably during night time. Therefore the Curfew hours should
really implement to lessen the juvenile delinquent.
There should be additional police outpost it is better to have an outpost in every
5. Additional Police Outpost barangay or subdivision so that when the police are needed they can rescue
immediately.
It is good to have leadership training for the young people in the community to equip
6. Leadership Training
them for future.
5. Conclusion crime and criminality, still crimes exist and there is no

assurance that those programs are effective enough to
Base on the results and information that are gathered from totally prevent the crime to occur.
the research the following conclusions are drawn:
6. Recommendation
1. As a result, the police officers effectively implemented the
drug campaign in Trece Martires City. The strategies The following are the recommendations that are being
being implemented by the Police had a good and positive suggested by the participants.
outcome as it is the one of the main and primary concern
of the current administration. However, the result also 1. The community suggests formulating programs that will
shows that the community were not that satisfied on the strengthen the relationship of the community and the
programs being implemented still it shows that the police. Community based seminars and activities such as
Philippine National Police did not neglected their duties tree planting, leadership training, self – defense will help
and responsibilities in maintaining the peace and order in to maintain the harmonious relationship and gain trust
the said locality. from the community to maintain positive image of the
2. The study shows that the extent of the implementation of organization.
the officers of Police Community Relations in 2. As to Police Community Relation Unit, continue to
implementing the programs against crime and criminality implement the programs to disseminate information to the
as perceived by the police participants were different from community on the modus operandi and other outreach
the observation of the community. As it is shown on the programs for the youths and bystanders.
data gathered the promotion of the mission and vision of 3. Conduct Needs Assessment on the programs implemented
PATROL 2030 was the program that is effectively against crimes and criminality; and evaluation to identify
implemented on the city. On the other hand, other the needs for improvement on maintaining peace and
programs of Police Organization were implemented but order in the locality.
not regularly observed by the community. 4. Adopt the Police Community Relations Program of the
3. As a result from the data gathered the researcher identified Valenzuela City Police Station. There were best practices
that despite of the implementation of the programs of of the programs implemented that will enhance the police
Police Community Relations to fight the criminality still visibility, gain trust and confidence from the community
crime exist and the implementation on the programs is not and develops the positive image of the organization.
enough to eradicate the criminality because the data shows 5. For future researchers, this study pertaining to programs
that some of the programs are not effectively implemented implemented by Police Community Relation Unit needs
or even if it is implemented according to the police an improvement regarding the implementation of the
officers, the community observes that they did not notice programs about the Anti- Illegal Drug Campaign. Despite
or observe the mere implementation programs. This shows of this, there were failures and deficiencies in the program
that the police are implementing the programs against that might be used by unlawful person to commit crime.
www.ijser.in
The community suggested, the best practice to lessen or
eradicate drugs was the cooperation of community
particular to BPAT members to sustain the campaign.
References
[1] https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles/commp.pdf
[2] https://ric-zai-inc.com/Publications/cops-p157-pub.pdf
[3] https://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=tp&tid=81
[4] https://www.policefoundation.org
[5] https://www.cityoflondon.police.uk/community-
policing
[6] http://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/weekend/2015/04/25/
community-policing-communitys-involvement-keeping-
peace-404327
[7] https://www.crimesolutions.gov/TopicDetails.aspx?ID=
10
[8] https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/.../CrimePrevention.ht
ml
[9] http://www.crimeprevention.vic.gov.au/
[10] Moore, Mark H., Robert Trojanowicz, and George L.
Kelling. Crime and Policing.
[11] Perspectives on Policing. Washington, D.C.: National
Institute of Justice and John F. Kennedy School of
Government, Harvard University.2009: p.10.
[12] Trojanowicz, Robert C. “An Evaluation of a
Neighborhood Foot Patrol Program.” Journal of Police
Science and Administration 11(2007):pp.410–419.
[13] Kelling, George L. Police and Communities: The Quiet
Revolution. Perspectives on Policing.
[14] Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Justice and John
F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University.
2011:p.5.
[15] Oettmeier, Timothy N., and William H. Bieck.
Developing a Policing Style for Neighborhood
[16] Policing. Executive Session #1. Houston: Houston
Police Department. 2006:pp.12–13
[17] Sparrow, Malcolm K., Mark H. Moore, and David M.
Kennedy. Beyond 911: A New Era for Policing. New
York: Basic Books. 2006:pp.182–183
[18] Manwong and Delizo 2005, Law Enforcement
Administration Revised Police Ethics 2008 by Florendo
[19] Police Community Relations Manual 2012

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International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research (IJSER)

ISSN (Online): 2347-3878

Level of Performance of Police Community

College of Criminal Justice Edication2

TreceMartires City College2

Trece – Indang Road, Barangay Luciano, TreceMartires City3

Keywords: criminality, community policing, relationship, community, police community relation

1. Introduction various definition on what crime prevention is and despite of

Volume 6 Issue 12, December 2018

Volume 6 Issue 12, December 2018

The self – made survey questionnaire was formulated by

Volume 6 Issue 12, December 2018

Volume 6 Issue 12, December 2018

Legend: If t – value is less than 0.05, rejected HO

5. Conclusion crime and criminality, still crimes exist and there is no

Volume 6 Issue 12, December 2018

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