CAANRC

THE CAA and NRC
Issues In India
By,
Aaryaman R no athi
1.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. CAA
2. NRC
3. What will be the basis of the
proposed nationwide NRC.
4. Repeals against CAA
5. The First State-Assam
6. The People’s Views
7. Requirement of the CAA and NRC
8. Conclusion
2.
What is the CAA and NRC?
CAA
The Citizenship Amendment Act,2019 is an act which was passed by the Parliament on
December 11, 2019. This act amended the original CAA act passed in 1955 allowing
indian citizenship to Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist,Jain,Parsi and Chrisitan religious minorities
who were fleeing from neighbouring Muslim based territories namel Pakistan,
Bangladesh and Afganistan.
The new Act allowed these migrants Indian Citizenship within 6 years. This also eased
the residence requirement for naturalisation of these migrants from 11 years to 5
years.The cut-off date for citizenship is December 31, 2014 which means the applicant
should have entered India on or before that date
NRC
The National Register of citizens is a citizen registrar, in which names of every citizen
of India is recorded. This is mandatory as per the Citizen Amendment Act of 1995.The
local officials of a state would make this register of citizens of the country depending
on the proof that the citizen can provide for supporting his citizenship.
The 5 ways to become a citizen of India are
1.Citizenship by birth
2.Citizenship by descent
3.Citizenship by Registration
4.Citizenship by naturalisation
5.Citizenship by incorporation
What will be the basis of the proposed nationwide NRC?
The Union home ministry had framed the rules for a nationwide NRC in 2003,
following an amendment to the Citizenship Act, 1955. These rules categorically state
that the central government shall, for the purpose of the NRC, carry out a
house-to-house enumeration for collection of specified particulars relating to each
family and individual residing in a local area, including the citizenship status. So, unlike
3.
what many are claiming, people will not be asked to submit documents related to their
grandparents. Just like people present their identity cards or any other document for
registering their names in the voter list or getting an Aadhaar card, similar documents
will need to be provided for the NRC.
Any document related to date and place of birth will suffice as proof of citizenship.
However, the decision on what documents will be acceptable is still pending. They are
likely to include voter ID cards, passports, the Aadhaar card, driving licences,
insurance papers, birth certificates, school-leaving certificates, documents relating to
land or home or other government-issued documents. If a person is illiterate and does
not have the relevant documents, the authorities will allow them to bring a witness.
Other evidence and community verification will also be allowed
Repeals Against the CAA
The CAA has divided India into protests and jubilations. While Hindu refugee
communities across India are celebrating the government's move, a majority of
Northeast remains on edge.People in the north-eastern states fear that the Bill would
change the demography of the states if it is passed as people of different cultures and
languages will get citizenship of the country. Okay
It is not yet clear what sort of documentary proof would be required to prove
citizenship because the exercise would be conducted by state governments, and
perhaps each state government could have its own specifications.
‘We want to root out illegal infiltrators coming from Bangladesh and other neighbours
to other parts of India,’ the Union Home Minister Amit Shah has already said while
defending their intention to carry out the NRC. He has also made public threats that
those who cannot produce the necessary documentation will be herded into detention
camps.
For a non-Muslim who may have lived in India for centuries but who doesn’t have a
birth certificate, all is not lost. He or she can argue that they have no place to go or
that they have fled these neighbouring countries to escape persecution . But a
document-less Muslim cannot make such an argument because the CAA does not
include Muslim minorities.
4.
The First State-ASSAM
Assam was the first state in which this Act was implemented with huge
repercussions.In Assam, the NRC update was mandated by the Supreme Court in
2013. Assam has a history that is shaped by migration, and the protests there are
against only CAA, not against NRC.
Proof required to prove citizenship-

● 1951 NRC; or
● Electoral roll(s) up to March 24, 1971; or
● Anyone of 12 other kinds of papers, such as land & tenancy records;
citizenship papers; passport; Board/University certificate.
Additionally, if the document submitted is in the name of an ancestor, then another
document proving the relationship was required to be submitted — such as a ration
card, LIC/bank document or an educational certificate.
If a Muslim cannot meet the eligibility criteria for NRC, once those are finalised, he will
lose citizenship when the NRC is published without her name. A second concern is
about the NRC process itself — if exclusion is going to take place due to absence of
documents, or deficiencies in documents submitted.
Also feeding into Muslim worries is the prospect of detention centres, existing and
upcoming, to house those who will be left out of the NRC. Assam already has six
detention centres attached to jails and is setting up an exclusive one in Goalpara.
Mumbai and Bengaluru set up centres this year.
The People's view
5.
"Meri jaan ka faisla ek saat ghante ki sansad satra se ho, mujhe manzoor nahi".These
were one of the most common lines used in the protest against the CAA. The country
in which so many people have resided for generations are being forced to detention
centres. Their entire life was going to be decided within 7 hours. This is the cruel
brutality of the Act.
REQUIREMENT OF NRC AND CAA
On paper, there is nothing wrong with counting the legal citizenry of the country. But if
it becomes a basis for discrimination or put to other uses, then it is certainly
problematic. Besides, it will be an enormous exercise given the size of our population
and other complexities. This was evident in Assam, where even genuine Indian citizens
got excluded and many illegal migrants allegedly, got included. Before the government
embarks on this exercise, it also needs to put in place a policy on stateless people.
Conclusion
This bill is like 2 sides of the same coin. The good thing is that it
helps to remove infiltrators from the country. On the other hand,
people who have been living in the country for their entire lifetime
without proof of citizenship will suffer the most.
6.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
● https://hcikl.gov.in/pdf/press/CAA_2019_dec.pdf
● https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/what-is-caa/articl
eshow/73153785.cms
● https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/72436995.cm
s?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=
cppst&from=mdr
● https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-citize
nship-amendment-act-nrc-caa-means-6180033/
● https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/what-is-nrc/articl
eshow/73154912.cms
● https://theprint.in/opinion/why-india-doesnt-need-nrc/324771
/
END OF PAPER
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THE CAA and NRC

What will be the basis of the proposed nationwide NRC?

Repeals Against the CAA

Proof required to prove citizenship-

Additionally, if the document submitted is in the name of an ancestor, then another

document proving the relationship was required to be submitted — such as a ration

card, LIC/bank document or an educational certificate.

documents, or deficiencies in documents submitted.

detention centres attached to jails and is setting up an exclusive one in Goalpara.

Mumbai and Bengaluru set up centres this year.

The People's view

brutality of the Act.

REQUIREMENT OF NRC AND CAA

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