The document discusses the structure and key components of academic writing and texts. It defines academic writing as a formal style focused on clearly presenting supported ideas and information. Some key aspects covered include the introduction-body-conclusion structure of academic texts, use of formal language, citation of sources, and importance of organization, paraphrasing and summarizing information from sources. The document also provides guidance on outlining, writing a thesis statement and elements a thesis should contain to guide the paper's argument.
The document discusses the structure and key components of academic writing and texts. It defines academic writing as a formal style focused on clearly presenting supported ideas and information. Some key aspects covered include the introduction-body-conclusion structure of academic texts, use of formal language, citation of sources, and importance of organization, paraphrasing and summarizing information from sources. The document also provides guidance on outlining, writing a thesis statement and elements a thesis should contain to guide the paper's argument.
The document discusses the structure and key components of academic writing and texts. It defines academic writing as a formal style focused on clearly presenting supported ideas and information. Some key aspects covered include the introduction-body-conclusion structure of academic texts, use of formal language, citation of sources, and importance of organization, paraphrasing and summarizing information from sources. The document also provides guidance on outlining, writing a thesis statement and elements a thesis should contain to guide the paper's argument.
The document discusses the structure and key components of academic writing and texts. It defines academic writing as a formal style focused on clearly presenting supported ideas and information. Some key aspects covered include the introduction-body-conclusion structure of academic texts, use of formal language, citation of sources, and importance of organization, paraphrasing and summarizing information from sources. The document also provides guidance on outlining, writing a thesis statement and elements a thesis should contain to guide the paper's argument.
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ACADEMIC WRITING STRUCTURE OF AN ACADEMIC TEXT
It is a writing where contents are focused, What is a Text Structure? structured, and backed up by evidence. It is an established structure referring to the Its purpose is to aid the reader’s internal organization of a text. understanding. It refers to the organizational pattern of a It has format, tone, and style, but is not text which includes the: complex, and does not require the use of a. Text Types long sentences. b. Parts c. Transition Words and Phrases ACADEMIC LANGUAGE d. Patterns of Organization Academic language is a formal way of e. Sentences and Paragraphs presenting ideas and information through words. It is also associated to the oral, Academic Texts are: written, auditory and visual language Articles proficiency required to learn effectively in Conference Papers schools. Reviews Thesis/Desertions DISTINCT ATTRIBUTES OF ACADEMIC LANGUAGE 1. Formality – Academic writing is formal where Academic Texts are Formed with the Following the following should be avoided. Characteristics: - Colloquial Words With clearly structured I-B-C (Intro-Body- - Abbreviated Words Conclu) - Two-word Verbs Formal - Expanded Terms Has information properly cited from credible 2. Precision – In academic writing, facts, figures, sources graphic illustrations, are given precisely. The Has a list of references exactness and accuracy of the data presented are visible. 5 Common Patterns of Organization 3. Explicitness – The writer makes sure that the 1. Description various parts of the text are related to one 2. Order/Sequence another, free from obscurity, and easy to 3. Comparison/Contrast understand. 4. Cause and Effect 4. Accuracy – Academic writing uses vocabulary 5. Problem and Solution and statistics brief introduction accurately that conform the correct value or standard. A writer Argument - begins with a claim followed by chooses the appropriate word. reasons for the claim supported by pieces of 5. Hedging – Writer makes decision about his/her evidences. It can include counter claim or stance on a particular subject. The state of the refutation claims must be considered. He/she also uses Transition Words - are words or phrases used to cautious language. show relationship of words among ideas. 6. Responsibility - Writer must be responsible for Sentences and Paragraphs - each sentence demonstrating and understanding of any source functions as a cohesive whole to convey a single text used. All evidences and justifications are idea or impression. The smallest unit or group of provided to support the claims. Moreover, the sentences in which one topic can be effectively writer has to paraphrase and summarize the read explored is a paragraph. Although each paragraph academic text and acknowledge the source of only addresses one key point, they can both ideas and information through proper citations. stand alone and be used as an integral part of an 7. Organization - Academic writing is well- essay. organized where the ideas are presented in a logical manner. PARAPHRASING 4. Re-read and check your summary. Make sure Paraphrasing is employed when borrowing you did not copy any sentences or phrases from other’s idea or text in writing your own paper the original text. without directly quoting the source. 5. Cite or mention the source of your ideas. Use a Here are important reminders in using citation format required by the teacher. OUTLINING paraphrasing: Identify and do NOT alter the main idea/ An OUTLINE is a design to follow when thesis statement/ primary message of a text. writing a structure, a discourse, or an article. Restate other’s main idea and subordinating It arranges a material in a logical way into points in a different form using your own main ideas, supporting ideas, and supporting words. details. Cite the source of the text using the The main idea or main topic of the outline. prescribed citation format. Does It can be a sentence outline (written in full sentence) or topic outline (written in SUMMARIZING words or phrases). What is a summary? A summary.. Writing a Thesis Statement States the main ideas in source concisely and A Thesis Statement is the controlling idea in your own words. that you will develop in your paper. This can Is a restatement of someone else's words in be found usually at the end of the your own words. introduction. Is a brief overview of an entire discussion or It can be one sentence, however, if argument expressed in your own words. necessary, can be two or three sentences. Can be a sentence, paragraph or more to on Thesis Statement present the main idea of a whole book or A thesis statement is the overall idea or text. argument of your work. It is a general May just be 10%-25% of the original text. statement that presents essential points that leads the reader to the right direction. A BUT a summary... thesis statement also often previews the Does not present the entire details. structure of the rest of the essay in a way Does not include supporting details. that corresponds with the body paragraphs. Does not include a lengthy detail of the topic It is a single statement in the introduction or opening paragraph. When and why summarize It must be framed as a declarative sentence. to highlight the main points or ideas. It tells the reader what to expect as they read to present the overviews of the whole text the essay for busy people. It is a clear, concise statement of the position to be more economical or to save the time of you will defend in your paper. Note that it is the readers. a clearly stated opinion but should not to incorporate only the main ideas when bluntly announce the opinion. other details are unimportant How to summarize? The thesis statement should argue a position, 1. Think about why and with whom you are not summarize information. writing the summary. It is narrow enough to write a focused essay, 2. Find the main idea of each paragraph. You may but it is also broad enough to write at least look at some helpful features such as titles, three body paragraphs. subtitles, boldface, color or margin as clues. Ask It should have at least three ideas that will be “What do all the sentences say about?” developed in succeeding sections of the 3. In your own words, write your summary. Leave essay. out details like examples, elaboration or sensory It is NOT a question, a known fact or an language. announcement. Elements of Thesis Statement 1. Topic – Topic of your paper 2. Argument/Claim- This depends on the type of paper you are writing. If it is an argumentative paper, then this should express your opinion. If it is a research or explanatory paper, this should explain the purpose of your paper. 3. Evidence- The support for your argument or claim.