MATHEMATICS SURDS

SURDS
SYNOPSIS - 1

Surd: Let ' a '   1 be a positive rational number and ‘n’ be a positive integer.
1
If n
a or a n is not a rational number (irrational) then n
a is called a surd of
order
The symbol n is called radical sign.
‘n’ is called the order of the surd.
‘a’ is called the radical.
n
a can be read as ' nth root of a' .
The other name of a ‘surd’ is radical.
Example: 3
2, 5 11 ....
Note : In n
a , a cannot be expressed in powers of n.
Example: 4, 3
8 are not surds.
Types of Surds based on order:
Types of surds based on order
Quadratic surd: A surd or order two is called a quadratic surd.
Illustration: 2, 3, 5 ...
Cubic surd: A surd of order three is called a cubic surd.
Example: 3 5, 3 12 ....
Biquadratic surd: A surd of order four is called a Biquadratic surd.
Example: 4 12, 4 24 ...

Every surd is an irrational number, but every irrational number need not be
a surd.
Example: 1.271721723417 .... is irrational number but not a surd.

Types of surds based on terms:

Simple surd: A surd which consists of a single term is called a simple or
monomial surd.
Example: 3
5, 7 12 ....
Mixed surd: If ‘a’ is a non-zero rational number and n
b is a monomial surd,
then a  b is called mixed surd.

Example: 2  3 , 5  3 12 , 6 2 ....

1 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

Compound Surd: The sum or difference of a rational number and one or

more surds is called a compound surd if it contains atleast two terms.
Example: 2  5 , 3  5  6 ...
Monomial surd: A surd consisting of a single term called a monomial surd.
A simple surd can be called as a monomial surd.
Example: 2, 2 3, ....
Binomial Surd: A compund surd consisting of two terms is called a binomial
surd.
Example: 2  3, 5  6 ...
Trinomial Surd: A compound surd consisting of three terms is called a tri-
nomial surd.
Example: 3  5  7 , 2  8  13
Similar surds: If two surds are different multiples of the same simple surd,
then they are called the similar surds (or like surds) other wise, they are
called dissimilar surds or unlike surds.
Example: 2 2, 3 2, 5 2 ....are similar surds.
The product of two similar quadratic surds is a rational number.

Example: 2 2   3 2  = 12
The quotient of two similar surds is a rational number

64 5 3
Example: 
10 4 5 5
Pure surd: A surd, expresed in the form a n b , where a  1 is called an entire
surd or a pure surd.
Example: 8, 3 24, 5 100 ....
Simplest form of a surd: A surd, expressed in the form a n b , where ‘b’ is the
least positive rational number, is called the simplest form of the given surd.
Example: 2 2, 2 3 3 ...
Addition and subtraction of surds:
Addition and subtraction of surds is possible only for like surds.
Example: 2 3  5 3  8 3

5 6 7 6 6 6 = 6 6
Laws of Radicals:
If n
a and n
b are two radicals of same order ‘n’ then n
a  n b  n ab
Example: 5
7  5 8  5 7  8  5 56

IX Class - Maths 2
MATHEMATICS SURDS

n
a na
If n
a and n
b are two radicals of same order ‘n’ then 
n
b b
4
15 4 15
Example: 
4
7 7
If ‘m’ and ‘n’ are two natural numbers, then for any positive rational number
‘a’ we have

n m
a  mm a  m n a

Example:  2 3
5 65
If m, n are two natural numbers and ‘a’ is any positive rational number then
pm

a 
m n
n m p
 n m
a pm
 a m
 n ap
Comparision of monomial surds
If two simple surds are of the same order, then they can easily be
compared. If a  b, n a  n b for all positive Integral values of n.
Example
4
2  4 7, 3 3  3 5, 5 10  5 13 etc.
If two simple surds of different orders have to be compared, they have to be
expressed as radicals of the same order.
Thus to compare 4
6and 3 5 , we express both as the radicals of 12th (LCM of
3,4)order.
4
6  12 63 and 3 5  12 54
As 63  54 , 4 6  3 5
Example
Arrange the following in ascending or descending order of magnitude.
6
6, 3 7 5
1 1
4
6  6 , 7, 5  5 LCM of the denominators of the exponents of the three
4 3 2

terms, 4,3 and 2 is 12.

Now express the exponent of each term, as a fraction in which the
denominators is 12.
1 3 1
6 4  612   63 12  12 216
1 4 1
7 3  712   7 4 12  12 2401

3 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

1 6 1
5 2  512   56 12  12 15625

Now 4
6  12 216, 3 7  12 2401, 5  12 15625
Hence their ascending order is
12
216, 12 2401, 12 15625,i.e., 4 6, 3 7, 5
The descending order of magnitude of the given radicals is 5, 3 7, 4 6
Comparison of compound surds
Example
Between 7  3and 11  7, which is greater ?
By rationalizing,

7 3
 7 3  7 3  4
7 3 7 3

11  7
 11  7  11  7  4
11  7 11  7
The numerator of each of the irrational number is 4.
But 11  7  7  3
4 4
 3
7 3 11  7

7  3  11  7
Example
Compare the surds A  8  7andB  10  5.
Since there is a positive sign, square both the surds, we get,

 
2
A2  8 7  8  7  2 56  15  2 56

 
2
B2  10  5  10  5  2 50  15  2 50

As  56  50,15  2 56  15  2 50  A  B

i.e., 8  7  10  5

IX Class - Maths 4
MATHEMATICS SURDS

Solved Examples
1. Identify the following types of surds:

i  6 5 c  ii  15  8  11  iii  5  iv  5  7

Sol. (i) 6  3 5. It is the sum of two surds.

 It is a compound surd of two surds, i.e., a binomial surd.
(ii) 15  8  11. It is the combination of three surds.
(iii) 5 . It is a monomial surd or a simple surd.
(iv) 5  7. It is the sum of a rational number and a surd.
2. Which of the following surds are similar?
(i) 2 5 (ii) 3 3 5 (iii) 4 5 (iv) 5 4 5

Sol. 2 5and4 5 are multiples of the same surd, 5.

 They are similar.

3. Express the following surds in their simplest form as multiples of smaller

surds:

(i) 3
1458  3 2  93   9 3 2

(ii) 3
144  3 2 4  32   3 23  2   32   2 3 18

(iii) 4
1024  4 210  4
 2  2  
8 2 4
28 4 24  4 2
4. Simplify the following by combining similar surds.
(i) 2 5  5 5

(ii) 3 6  216

(iii) 2 3  5 12  3 48

Sol. (i) 2 5  5 5   2  5  5  7 5

(ii) 3 6  216  3 6  6 2  6   3 6  6 6  9 6

(iii) 2 3  5 12  3 48

 2 3  5 2 2  3  3 4 2  3 

 2 3  5  2 3  3  4 3

  2  10  12  3  4 3

5 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

WORK SHEET - 1

Single Answer Type

1. The order of surd 6
7 is
1) 4 2) 5 3) 6 4) 7
2. The radicand of the surd 3
2012 is
1
1) 3 2) 1/3 3) 2012 4)
2012
3. Surd of order 3 is called
1) Quadratic surd 2) Cubic surd 3) Biquadratic surd 4) Non original
surd
4. 2 3
2
1) 6 2 2) 6 2 3) 3
2 4) 2
2
5. Which of the following is not a surd ?
1) 3
4 2) 2
3 3) 2
10 4) 3
27
6. 5
1024 simplified
1) 2 2) 4 3) 6 4) 8
7. Which of the following is true
1) 10
34255 2) 10
34255 3) 10
34255 4) 10
34255
8. If x  8 7, y  4 7, z  2 7 then the ascending order of the variable is
1) z,x,y 2) z,y,x 3) x,y,z 4) y,z,x
9. Pure surd among the following is
1) 3 6 2) 5 3 7 3) 4 3 15 4) 7
10. Which of the following is trinomial is
1) 5  6 1 2) 2
3  5 7  9 11 3) 7  11  13 4) 2  2012 2
11. Which of the following is an irrational number
1) 121 2) e 3) 22/7 4) 3.24317
12. The union of Rational number and irrational number is
1) Whole numbers 2) Complex numbers
3) Real numbers 4) Imaginary numbers
13. The value of 6
12 ÷ 3 3 2 is

1 1
1) 3 2) 3
2 3) 4) 3
2 3

IX Class - Maths 6
MATHEMATICS SURDS

1
14. The value of 294 - 3 -5 6 + 252 is
6

12 6  3 7 3 6  12 7
1) 2) 3) 6 4) 3
2 2

 4  
4x +7 2x +7
5 11
15. If = 64 , then the value of x is
1) 2 2) – 2 3) 3 4) – 3

Multi Answer Type

16. Which of the following is true
1) 2 3,5 3, 6 3 are similar surd 2) Every surd is an irrational

3) 3  7 is mixed surd
4) The product of two similar quadratic surds is a Rational number
17. 4
81  8 3 216  225  15 5 32
1 0
1) 0 2) 24 0 3) 4)
0 1
18. 4
2 x  4  a and 3
3 x  4  b where x=3 then a  b is

1) 4
235 2) 4
235 3) 3
245
4

4)   2  5
3

Reasoning Answer Type
19. Statement I : 8 and 5 2 are similar surds

Statement II : If a b  x  y then a b  x y
1) Both Statements are true 2) Both Statements are false
3) Statement I is true, Statement II is false.
4) Statement I is false, Statement II is true.

Comprehension Type
Writeup - 1
Find the simplified forms of the following using laws of surds
20. If 5  20  45
1) 2 5 (b) 4 5 (c) 6 5 4) 8 5

21. If 48  72  27  2 18
1) 2 2) 3 3) 5 4) 7

7 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

22. If A  2 3  5 3 and B  5 3  2 3 then the value of A2  B 2 

1) 256 2) 252 3) 120 4) 242
Writeup - 2
A surd having unity as its rational factor and the other factor being irrational
is called a pure surd
23. Express 2012 4 2011 as pure surd

1) 4
2011 2012 2) 4
 2012 
4
 2011 3) 4
 2012  4  2011 4) 4  2012 2   20112
2011
24. Express 5 5 as a pure surd
625

2011 2011 3 2011

1) 5 2) 5 3) 5
2011 5 4) 5
625 625 5

2010
25. Express 5 as a pure surd
125

2010 125 2010 402

1) 2) 3) (d) 10
25 2 5 25

Matrix Matching Type

26. Matrix match Type
Column-I Column-II
1) 2
3 3 4 (1) 5
5
2) 5
30  5 6 (2) 6
5

3) 2 3
5 (3) 6
27 / 4
2
3
4) 3 (4) 6
432
2
27. Column-I Column-II
1) The greater among 3
3, 4 5 is (1) 3 4

2) The greater among 3

3, 4 4 is (2) 4
4
3) The lesser among 4
3, 3 4 is (3) 4
3
4) The lesser among 4
3, 6 10 is (4) 4
5
(5) 6
10
IX Class - Maths 8
MATHEMATICS SURDS

28. Column-I Column-II

1) Simple surd (1) 2009  3 2010  13 2012
2) Mixed surd (2) 2009  2011

3) Compound surd (3) 2011

2012
4) Dissimilar surd (4) perfect square

(5) 2008, 3 2011, 4 4 2012

Integer Answer Type

29. Simplity 8 3  4 75  3 300  9  x 3 then x =

30. 2 3 5
32  6 x ; Then x =

31. The value of 3

54  33  22  15 3 4k then k 
32. Mixed surd form of 5400  30 k then k 

SYNOPSIS - 2
Conjugate surds: The binomial surds of the form a  b , a  b are called
conjugate surds.
Here, each surd is called the conjugate of the other.
The sum and the product of conjugate surds are rational numbers.
Example: 7  8, 7  8 are two conjugate surds.

   
Sum = 7  8  7  8  14 which is rational number.

Product =  7  8  7  8   41 which is rational number.

Rationalising Factor: If the product of two surds is a rational number, then

each of them is called a rationalising factor of the other. The rationalising
1
1
factor of n
a is given by a n .
Example: Rationalising factor of 8 is 2.
Rationalising factor of 2 is also 2.
Note: The R.F. of a given surd is not unique. A surd has infinite number of R.F.’s.
Example: 2 2, 3 2, 4 2 ........ are R.F.’s of 5 2

If m
a n is a surd then its R.F. m
a mn .

9 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

R.F. of a  b is a  b and R.F. of a  b is a  b .

Note: Every conjugate surd is a rationalising factor but converse need not be true.

3
a  3 b is a RF of a 2 / 3  a1/ 3 .b1/ 3  b 2 / 3 and vice-versa.
3
a  3 b is a RF of a 2 / 3  a1/ 3 .b1/ 3  b 2 / 3 and vice-versa.
Example:
i) Find the RF of 21/ 3  21/ 3
ii) Find the RF of 51/ 3  51/ 3
Sol.
i) 21/ 3  21/ 3
Let a  2 1/ 3 and b  21/ 3

 
3
a 3  21/ 3 2
1
 
3
b3  21/ 3  2 1 
2
But a  b   a  b  a  ab  b
3 3 2 2
 
   2   
2
a 2  ab  b 2  21/ 3 .21/ 3  21/ 3  22 / 3  1  22 / 3
1/ 3

 RF of 21/ 3  21/ 3 is 22 / 3  1  22 / 3

ii) 51/ 3  51/ 3
  
 a 3  b3   a  b  a 2  ab  b 2 
2 2
 RF OF 51/ 3  51/ 3 IS 5   5 .5   5 
1/ 3 1/ 3 1/ 3 1/ 3

 52 / 3  1  52 / 3
Square root of a quadric surd
Consider the real number a  b, where a and b are rational numbers and

b is a surd. Equate the square root of a  bto x  y, where x and y are

rational numbers. i.e., a b  x y
Squaring both sides, a  b  x  y  2 xy
Equating the rational numbers on the two sides of the above equation we
get a  x  y ——(1) and equating the irrational numbers, we get
b  2 xy ——————(2)
By solving (1) and (2) we get the values of x and y.
Square root of a trinomial quadratic surd
Consider the real number a  b  c  d, where a is a rational number
and b, cand d are surds.

IX Class - Maths 10
MATHEMATICS SURDS

a b c d  x y z
By squaring both sides, and comparing rational and irrational parts on
either sides, we get, x  y  z  a.

1 bd 1 bc 1 cd
x ,y  andz 
2 c 2 d 2 b
Example
1. Find the square root of 7  4 3.

Let 74 3  x  y
Squaring both the sides,
7  4 3  x  y  2 xy
 x  y  7and xy  2 3  xy  12
By solving, we get x = 4 and y = 3
x  y  4  3 2 3
2. Find the square root of 10  24  60  40.

Let the given expression be equal to a  x  y  z.

As per the method discussed,
a  10, b  24, c  60andd  40
1 bd 1 24  40
x  2
2 c 2 60
1 bc 1 24  60
y  3
2 d 2 40
1 cd 1 60  40
z  5
2 b 2 24
Alternative method

 10  24  60  40

 10  2 6  2 15  2 10

  2  3  5   2 2  3  2 3  5   2 2  5 

 
2
 2 3 5

 2 3 5

11 IX Class - Maths
 1+ 2 1- 2
4. The value of + correct to three places of decimal is
5+ 3 5- 3

SURDS Q 5  2.236, 6  2.449  MATHEMATICS

1) 0.213 2) –1 3) –0.213 4) 2

7 3 2 5 3 2
5. The value of - - is
10 + 3 6+ 5 15 + 3 2

1) 0 2) 1 3) 3 4) 3

6. A rationalizing factor of 3  2 is

12  8
1) 3 2 2) 32 3) 4) none
2
1
7. A rationalizing factor of
3
25  3
 1 is
25
1 1 1 1 1 1
1) 5 3  5 3 2) 5 3  5 3 3) 25 3  25 3 4) none

3 1
8. x then 4 x 3  2 x 2  8 x  7 
2
1) 0 2) 8 3) 9 4) 10

26  15 3
9.
5 2  38  5 3

1 1
1) 2) 3 3) 2 3 4)
3 2 3

IX Class - Maths 12
of decimal is

MATHEMATICS SURDS

10. If 23  x 10  18  5 then x 
1) 2 2) 3 3) 5 4) 6
11. 3
2 5 3
1) 15
864 2) 5
24 3) 3
250 4) 15
648

3 6
12. 
75  48  32  50
1) 2 2) 3 3) 3 2 4) 3 2
13. If x  1  x  1  1 then x 
1) 5/2 2) 4/5 3) 5/4 4) 2

Multi Answer Type

14. A rationalizing factor of 3
16  3 4  1 is
1 1 1 1
1) 2) 3) 16 6  1 4) 16 6  1
43 1 43  1
15. A rationalizing factor of 4  5 is

64  80 16  20
1) 4 5 2) 3) 4) 4 5
4 2

16. 4
17  12 2
1) 2 1 2) 4
4 1 3) 2 1 4) 6
8 1

17. If 19  4 x  12  7 then x 
1) 21 2) 42/2 3) 441 4) 20

1 2 3
18.
  
15  4 14 12  2 35 13  4 10

1) 2 5 2) 0 3) 3 7 4) 1  20120

13 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

Matrix Matching Type

19. Column-I Column-II

27
1) The value of 4
28 4 (1) 12
2
2) The value of 6
46 4 (2) 5
177147

3) The value of 5
33  5 34  5 36 (3) 20
2592
4) The value of 4
2 5 3 (4) 5
1594323
(5) 1
20. Column-I Column-II
1
1) If x  5  2 6 then x 
2
(1) 2 7
x2

5  21 1
then x  2
2
2) If x  (2) 8
2 x

 1
3) If x  2 2  7 then  x   (3) 7
 x

x2  1
4) If x  4  15 then (4) 40 6
x
(5) 23
21. Column-I Column-II

1 2
1) If  a  b then (a,b) (1) (1,3/4,7/3)
3 2 2
4
2) If  a  b  c then (a,b,c) (2) 1
2 3  7

5
3) If  a  b then (a,b) (3) (5, 30)
6 5
1 1
4) If a then a  (4) (9,5)
2 2 2
(5) (1,4/3,7/3)

IX Class - Maths 14
MATHEMATICS SURDS

Reasoning Answer Type

22. Statement I : The rationalizing factor of 9
102 is 9
107

Statement II : If a n is a surd, then its rationalizing factor is m a m  n (m > n).

m

1) Both Statements are true 2) Both Statements are false

3) Statement I is true, Statement II is false.
4) Statement I is false, Statement II is true.
23. Statement I : The resultant after dividing 6
12 by 3  3 2 and simplified is

1
3 .
3
Statement II : The Rationalizing factor of 2 is 3 2 . 3

1) Both Statements are true 2) Both Statements are false

3) Statement I is true, Statement II is false.
4) Statement I is false, Statement II is true.
24. Statement-I: Rationalizing Factor of 4
2  4 3  4 8  4 12  4 18  4 27
Statement-II: Rationalizing Factor of 4
a  4 b  4 a 3  4 a 2b  4 ab 2  4 b3
1) Both Statements are true 2) Both Statements are false
3) Statement I is true, Statement II is false.
4) Statement I is false, Statement II is true.

Comprehension Type
WRITEUP-1
If m
a n is a surd, then its rationalizing factor is m
amn .

25. Rationalizing factor of 7

93 is

1
1) 9
73 2) 7 3) 7
94 4) 9
37
94

26. Rationalizing factor of 11

127  510 is

1
1) 12
117  5 2) 11
124  5 3) 12
711  5 4) 11 5
124

27. Rationalizing factor of 15

2311  210  513 is

1) 15
234  25  52 2) 15
235  24  52 3) 13
1511  25  55 4) 23
1510  25  53

15 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

WRITEUP-2
If a,b, a 2  b are positive rational numbers and b is a surd then

a  a2  b a  a2  b
a b  x  y , where x  ,y 
2 2

28. 52 6 
1) 3  2 2) 3 2 3) 3 2 4) 3 4

29. 13  120 
1) 10  3 2) 10  3 3) 10  3 4) 10  3

30. 3 8 
1] 2  1 2] 2  1 3] 1  2 4] none
WRITEUP-3
If ‘a’ is a rational number and b , c , d are surds, and if

a  b  c  d  x  y  z , then

1 bd 1 bc 1 cd
x ,y ,z  ,x y z  a
2 c 2 d 2 b

31. 10  2 6  2 10  2 15 

1) 3 5 2 2) 2 3 5 3) 2 3 5 4) 3 5 2
32. 21  4 5  8 3  4 15 
1) 5 22 3 2) 5  4  12 3)  5  4  12 4)  5  4  12

33. 
Square root of 25  2 35  2 91  2 65  is

1] 13  7  5 2] 13  7  5 3] 13  7  5 4]  13  7  5

IX Class - Maths 16
MATHEMATICS SURDS

Verbal Resonaning
Directions : In each of the following questions, a number series is given
with one term missing. Choose the correct alternative that will
continue the same pattern and replace
1) 8, 10, 27, 4, 16, 64, 5, 25, 125
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 10 (d) 27
2) 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, 37, 50, 64
(a) 17 (b) 26 (c) 37 (d) 64
3) 121, 143, 165, 186, 209
(a) 143 (b) 165 (c) 186 (d) 209
4) 8, 13, 21, 32, 47, 63, 83
(a) 13 (b) 21 (c) 32 (d) 47
5) 125, 126, 124, 127, 123, 129
(a) 126 (b) 124 (c) 123 (d) 129
6) 325, 259, 202, 160, 127, 105, 94
(a) 94 (b) 127 (c) 202 (d) 259
7) 89, 78, 86, 80, 85,82, 83
(a) 83 (b) 82 (c) 86 (d) 78
8) 15, 16, 22, 29, 45, 70
(a) 16 (b) 22 (c) 45 (d) 70
9) 24576, 6144, 1536, 386, 96, 24
(a) 96 (b) 386 (c) 1536 (d) 6144
10) 2, 5, 10, 50, 500, 5000
(a) 5 (b) 10 (c) 50 (d) 5000
11) 5, 10, 40, 80, 320, 550, 2560
(a) 80 (b) 320 (c) 550 (d) 2560
12) 3, 7, 15, 39, 63, 127, 255, 511
(a) 15 (b) 39 (c) 63 (d) 127
13) 10, 26, 74, 218, 654, 1946m 5834
(a) 26 (b) 74 (c) 218 (d) 654
14) 4, 3, 10, 32, 136, 685, 4116
(a) 10 (b) 32 (c) 1363 (d) 4116
15) 445, 221, 109, 46, 25, 11, 4
(a) 25 (b) 46 (c) 109 (d) 221
16) 1, 3, 12, 25, 48
(a) 3, (b) 12 (c) 25 (d) 48
17) 3, 2, 8, 9, 13, 22, 18, 32, 23, 42
(a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 13 (d) 22
18) 1, 5, 5, 9, 7, 11, 11, 15, 12, 17
(a) 11 (b) 12 (c) 17 (d) 15
19) 1, 5, 9, 15, 25, 37, 49
(a) 9 (b) 15 (c) 25 (d) 37
20) 0, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 15, 18, 24, 26, 35
(a) 18 (b) 24 (c) 26 (d) 10
17 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

Non-Verbal Resonaning

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

IX Class - Maths 18
MATHEMATICS SURDS

KEY & HINTS

WORK SHEET – 1 (KEY)

1) 3 2) 1 3) 2 4) 2 5) 4

6) 2 7) 2 8) 3 9) 4 10) 4

11) 2 12) 3 13) 4 14) 2 15) 1

16) 1,2,3,4 17) 1 18) 1 19) 1 20) 3

21) 2 22) 3 23) 2 24) 3 25) 3

26) A-4 27) A-4 28) A-3 29) 2 30) 2

B-1 B-3 B-2
C-2 C-1 C-1
D-3 D-5 D-5

31) 5 32) 6

1. c
2. a
3. b
4. b
5. d
6. b
1 1 1
7. 310 , 2 4` ,55
L.C.M. of 10, 4, 5, is 20
20 20 20
 101   14   15 
3  , 2  , 5 
     
32 , 25 , 54
9 < 32 < 625
10 3 < 4
2 < 5
5
Ans: (b)

19 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

1 1 1
8. x  78 , y  7 4 , z  7 2
x yz
 Increasing order x, y, z
Ans: (c)
9. d
10. d
11. b
12. c
1 1 1 1 3 2
13. 12  6  3 .2
2 3  12  6  3 .2
6 6

1 1
1 1
 12 6  1 6
12   33  2
6 2 6
 =  2 2 
 2 
 3  3 2   3 
Ans: (d)

3. 6
14. 294   5 6  252
6

6
7 6 5 6 6 7
2

3 6
6 7
2
Ans: (b)
4 x 7 3 2 x  7 
15.
4 5
4 11

4 x  7 6 x  21
 
5 11
44 x  77  30 x  105
14 x  28
x2
Ans: (a)
16. a, b, c, d
1 1 1 1
17.  34  4  8. 63  3  152  2  15  25 5
3  8.6  15  15.2
3  48  15  30  0
Ans: (a)
18. a  4 2x  4 b  3 3x  4

IX Class - Maths 20
MATHEMATICS SURDS

x3 35
a 42
a  b  4 2  3 5
Ans: (b)
19. 82 2 , 5 2 Similar surds
Both are True.
20. 52 53 5 6 5
Ans: (c)
21. 4 3  72  3 3  72
 3
Ans: (b)
22. A  2 3 5 3
B 5 32 3
A2  B 2   A  B  A  B 

 10 3  4 3
 120
Ans: (c)

 2012 
4
23. 4
.2011
Ans: (b)

2011 2011 5
24. 55  5 .5
625 54

 5 2011 5
Ans: (c)

2010 2010 2
25. 5.  5
125 125

2010

5
Ans: (c)
1
1
 3 2 6
1 1 1
26. a) 3 .4  
2 3
   27  16  6   432  6
3 4

21 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

30 5
b)
5
30  5 6  5  5
6

c) 2 3
5 65
1 1
2
3  32  6  27  6
d)  2   
3
2 2   4 
Ans: a4
b 1
c2
d 3
1 1
27. a) 33 , 5 4
12 12
 13   14 
  ,  5   3 ,5
4 3
3
   
1
 5 4 is greatest.
1 1
b) 33 , 4 4  34 , 43
1
3 3 is greatest
1 1
c) 3 , 4  33 , 44
4 3

1
4 3 is greatest
1 1
d) 3 4 ,10 6  33 ,102
1
10 6 is greatest
a  4, b  3, c  1, d  5
28. a  3 ,b  2 ,c 1 , d  5
29. 8 3  4.5 3  3.10 3
 8 3  20 3  30 3  18 3
x  2
1
30. 2 3 5
32  2 6

IX Class - Maths 22
MATHEMATICS SURDS

x  2
31. 5  3  3 584  15. 3 20
K  5
32. 5400  6  900  30 6
K  6

WORK SHEET – 2 (KEY)

1) 3 2) 2 3) 1 4) 3 5) 2

6) 3 7) 2 8) 4 9) 1 10) 4

11) 1 12) 2 13) 3 14) 3 15) 1,2,3

16) 1,2,4 17) 1,2,3 18) 2,4 19) A-5 20) A-4
B-5 B-5
C-4 C-1
D-3 D-2

21) A-3 22) 1 23) 3 24) 1 25) 3

B-5
C-4
D-2

26) 2 27) 1 28) 3 29) 2 30) 1

31) 4 32) 2 33) 1

1 1
1. 5 4 12  2 11  5 4  11  1
Ans: (3)
2. By using formula
Ans: (2)
3. Ans: (1)

4.
1
2

1 2  5  3  1 2    
5 3 


1
5  3  10  6  5  3  10  6 
2
 5 6

23 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

 2.236  2.449
 0.213
Ans: (3)

7 3  10  3 2 3 2  15  3 2 
5.
7 1
5
 6 5   3
 30  3  2 30  10  30  6
1
Ans: (2)
6. Ans: (3)
7. Ans: (2)
8. 2x  3  1  2x2  2  3
4 x3  2 x 2  8 x  7
2 x.2 x 3  2 x 2  8 x  7

 
3 1 2  3  2  3  4  
3 1  7

 10
Ans: (4)

15 15  3 27 25
26  2 
26  15 3 4 2 2
 
9. 5 2  38  5 3 5 5 3  75 1 
5 2  38  2. 5 2   
4  2 2

27  25

3 3 5


3 3 3 5  1
10  75  1 95 3 3 9  5 3  3

Ans: (1)

10. 23  x 10  18  5
S.O.B.S
23  x 10  18  6  2 18  5
23  x 10  23  6 10
x  6
Ans: (4)
1 1 5 3 1
11. 3
2  3  2 .3  2 .3   2  3
5 3 5 15 15 5 3 15


IX Class - Maths 24
MATHEMATICS SURDS

 15 864
Ans: (1)

12.
3 6

3 6

3 3 2
 3
 
5 3 4 3 4 2 5 2 3 2 3 2
Ans: (2)
13. x 1  1 x 1
S. O. B. S
x 1  1 x 1 2 x 1
 1  2 x 1
S. O. B. S
1  4  x  1  4 x  5
Ans: (3)
2 1 1 1
14. R.F. of is
4  4 1
3 3
4 13 3

Ans: (1), (3)

15. Ans: 1, 2, 3

 
1
1
16. 4
17  2. 36  2 = 17  2 9  8
2
=  9 8  2

17. 19  4 x  12  7
S. O. B. S
 0
19  4 x  19  4 21
x  21
Ans: 1, 2, 3
1 2 3
18.  
15  2 14  4 12  2 35 13  2 10  4
1 2 3
 
8 7 7 5 8 5

 8 7
2  7 5   3 8 5 
2 3
 8 7 7 5 8 5
0

25 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

Ans: 2, 4
1 1 1 1
19. a) 2 4  4 8   22  8  4 8  1

b) 6
4  6 4 1
1
c) 5
3 . 3 . 3  3
3 5 4 5 6

13 5
 5 1594323
1 1 1
d) 2 .3   25  34  20  20 2592
4 5

a  5 ,b  5 ,c  4 ,d  3
20. a) x  52 6
1
 52 6
x
1  1  1
x2  2
  x    x    4 6  10  40 6
x  x  x

5  21 25  21  10 21
b) x  x2 
2 4
1
 x2   23 .
x2
1
c) x  2 2  7 2 2  7  2 7
x
1
d) x  4  15  4  15  8 a  4 b  5 c 1 d  2
x

1 2 3  2 2
21. a)   3 4  5 2  7 5 2
3 2 2 3 2 2

  a, b    7,5

4

2  3  7
b)
2  3   7 2  3  7



4 2 3  7   42  3 7  2
1
7
4  3 4 3  7 4 3 3 3

IX Class - Maths 26
MATHEMATICS SURDS

4 7
 1 
3 3

 4 7
  a, b, c   1, , 
 3 3

c) 5  
6  5  30  5

  a, b    5,30 

1 2 2 2 2 1
d)    1
2 2 2 2 2 2
Ans: a  3 ,b  5 ,c  4 ,d  2
22. Ans: (1)
1 1
1 3 2
 12  6  1  6 3 1
23. 6
12  3. 3 2  12  3 .2  
6
   
6 6

 27  4   9  3

S.II is false because R, F 3

2 is 3
22
Ans: (3)
24. Ans: (1), By using formula
3 3 4
25. R. F 9 7  91 7  9 7  7 94
Ans: (3)
26. R. F of 11
127.510 is 11
124.51
Ans: (2)
27. R. F of 131201323
 010 3 is 15
234.25.52
Ans: (1)
28. 52 6  3  2
Ans: (3)
29. 13  120  13  2 30  10  3
Ans: (2)
30. 3  8  3  2 2  2 1
Ans: (1)
31. 10  2 6  2 10  2 15 = 5 3 2
Ans: (4)
32. 21  4 5  8 3  4 15

27 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

21  2 20  2 48  2 60  12  5  4
2 3 52
or 5 22 3
Ans: (2)
33. 25  2 35  2 91  2 65
 13  7  5
Ans: (1)

VERBAL REASONING (KEY)

1) C 2) D 3) C 4) D 5) D

6) C 7) C 8) B 9) B 10) D

11) C 12) B 13) D 14) B 15) B

16) C 17) B 18) B 19) B 20) A

1. (c): The correct sequence is 3, 32 , 33 , 4, 42 , 43 ,5,52 , 53.

So, 10 is wrong and must be replaced by 32 i.e.9.
2. (d): The terms of the series are

1 2
   
  
 1 , 22  1 , 32  1 , 42  1 , 52  1 , 6 2  1 , 7 2  1 ,.....

So, 64 is wrong and must be replaced by  8  1 i.e.65.

2

3. (c): Each term in the series is obtained by adding 22 to the preceding term.
So, 186 is wrong and must be replaced by 165  22  i.e.187.

4. (d): The correct pattern is 5, 8, 11, 14,.....

So, 47 is wrong and must be replaced by  32  14  i.e.46.

5. (d): The correct pattern is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

So, 129 is wrong and must be replaced by 123  5  i.e.128.

6. (c): The correct pattern is 66, 55, 44, 33, 22, 11.

So, 202 is wrong and must be replaced by  259  55  i.e.204.

IX Class - Maths 28
MATHEMATICS SURDS

7. (c): The correct pattern is 6 2

 3 2
 i .e . 5 2 5 .
So, 86 is wrong and must be replaced by  78  9  i.e.87.

8. (b): The correct pattern is 1, 4, 9, 16, 25i.e.  12 , 2 2 , 32 , 42 , 52.

So, 22 is wrong and must be replaced by 16  4  i.e.20.

9. (b): Each term of the series is obtained by dividing the preceding term by 2.
So, 1536 is wrong and must be replaced by 1536  4  i.e.384.
10. (d): Each term of the series is the product of the preceding two terms.
So, 5000 is wrong and must be replaced by  50  500  i.e.25000.

11. (c): The correct pattern is 2,  4, 2,  4,.....

So, 550 is wrong and must be replaced by  320  2  i.e.640.

12. (b): The correct pattern is 2  1.

So, 39 is wrong and must be replaced by 15  2  1 i.e.31.

13. (d): The correct pattern is 3  4.

So, 654 is wrong and must be replaced by  218  3  4  i.e.650.

14. (b): The correct pattern is 1  1, 2  2, 3  3,  4  4,.....

So, 32 is wrong and must be replaced by 10  3  3 i.e.33.

15. (b): 3 is subtracted from each number and the result divided by 2 to obtain
the next number of the series.

 109  3 
So, 46 is wrong and must be replaced by   i.e.53.
 2 

16.
2
 2 2 2

(c): The terms of the series are 1  0 , 2  1 , 4  2 , 6  3
2 2 2 2
   and

8 2

 42 .

So, 25 is wrong and must be replaced by 10  7  i.e.17.

17. (b): The given sequence is a combination of two series:
I. 3, 8, 13, 18, 23 and II. 2, 9, 22, 32, 42
The pattern in I is 5, and the pattern in II is 10.

So, in II, 9 is wrong and must be replaced by  2  10  i.e.12.

18. (b): The given sequence is a combination of two series:
I. 1, 5, 7, 11, 12 and II. 5, 9, 11, 15, 17
The pattern in both I and II is 4, 2, 4, 2.

So, 12 is wrong and must be replaced by 11  2  i.e.13.

29 IX Class - Maths
SURDS MATHEMATICS

19.
2 2
 2
2
2 2
 
(b): The terms of the given series are 1 , 2  1 , 3 , 4  1 , 5 , 6  1 , 7 .
2


So, 15 is wrong and must be replaced by 4  1 i.e.17.
2

20. (a): The given sequence is a combination of two series:
I. 0, 3, 8, 15, 24, 35 and II. 2, 5, 10, 18, 26
The pattern in both I and II is 3, 5, 7, 9,.....

So, in II, 18 is wrong and must be replaced by 10  7  i.e.17.

NON-VERBAL REASONING (KEY)

1) 4 2) 3 3) 3 4) 3 5) 2

6) 1 7) 5 8) 5 9) 2 10) 5

1. (4) : In one step, the existing element enlarges and a new element appears
inside this element. In the next step, the outer element is lost.
2. (3) : In each step, the symbols move in the sequence and the symbol that
reaches the encircled position gets replaced by a new one.
3. (3) : The symbols move in the sequences and alternately.
4. (3) : The number of symbols added sequentially is 3, 2, 5, 2, 7, 2..... These
symbols are added to form a sequence of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 identical symbols.
5. (2) : All the symbols move CW half the side of the square in each step. The
symbols are replaced by new ones sequentially in an ACW direction.
6. (1) : In one step, the middle element rotates through 180 0 and in the next
step, the other two elements rotate through 180 0 . The two steps are re-
peated alternately.
7. (5) : One of the pins gets inverted in each step. The pins gets inverted
sequentially from right to left.
8. (5) : In one step, the elements move in the sequence and in the next step,
the elements move in the sequence .The two steps are repeated alternately.
9. (2) : In the first step, the elements at the four ends move in the sequence.
In each subsequent step, the elements move in the sequence obtained by
rotating the previous sequence through 900 ACW. Also, in each step, the
element that reaches the encircled position gets replaced by a new ele-
ment.
10. (5) : In each step, all the elements move to the adjacent corner ( of the
square boundary ) in an ACW direction. Also, the elements that reach the
lower- right and upper-left positions get vertically inverted alternately.

IX Class - Maths 30