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    1. Consider the matrix A and calculate AAT and AT A to determine if they are symmetric and invertible. 2. Determine if the matrices B and D commute by calculating their matrix product in both orders. 3. Simplify several matrix expressions involving inversion, addition, multiplication and transposition using properties of matrices.

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    1. Consider the matrix A and calculate AAT and AT A to determine if they are symmetric and invertible. 2. Determine if the matrices B and D commute by calculating their matrix product in both orders. 3. Simplify several matrix expressions involving inversion, addition, multiplication and transposition using properties of matrices.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    11 views2 pages

    Worksheet 7

    Uploaded by

    Waqar Ahmed
    1. Consider the matrix A and calculate AAT and AT A to determine if they are symmetric and invertible. 2. Determine if the matrices B and D commute by calculating their matrix product in both orders. 3. Simplify several matrix expressions involving inversion, addition, multiplication and transposition using properties of matrices.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Mathematics and Statistics

    MAS162 Foundations of discrete mathematics


    Semester 1 2022

    Tutorial Worksheet 7

     
    1 2 0
    1. * Consider the matrix A = .
    2 1 −1
    (a) Calculate AAT . Is it symmetric? Is it invertible?
    (b) Calculate AT A. Is it symmetric?

    2. Let  
    1 2 0
    B = −1 1 3
    4 2 2
    and let D be the 3×3 diagonal matrix with diagonal (1, 2, 3). Do B and D commute?

    3. Let A and B and C be n × n invertible matrices and I the n × n identity matrix. Use
    the properties of matrix addition, multiplication, inversion and transposition (Tables
    5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 in the unit notes) to simplify the following matrix expressions.
    (a) A(A−1 + 2B) − I
    (b) A(IBA)−1 B
    (c) (2B T AT )T
     
    1 2 0
    4. Enter the matrix A = into matlab and compute AT A. Can you find
    2 1 −1
    (AT A)−1 ?

    5. Use matlab to solve the system of equations:

    x + 2y = 1
    −x + y + 3z = 1
    4x + 2y + 2z = 0

    6. Describe (in words) the effects of the linear transformations with the following ma-
    trices.      
    1 5 1 0 0 1
    (a) (b) (c)
    0 1 3 0 −1 0

    7. Write down the 2 × 2 matrices which represent the following linear transformations
    of the plane. Also draw the image of the (first quadrant) unit square 1 under
    each transformation. You can check your answers using the MATLAB program
    linear_image_trans.m (available on the LMS).
    (a) A horizontal dilation with factor 3/2 and a vertical dilation with factor 2/3.
    (b) A horizontal shear with factor 1/2.
    (c) A vertical shear with factor −2.
    (d) Rotation through 60◦ anticlockwise.
    (e) Rotation through 45◦ clockwise.
    (f) Reflection across the line y = −x.
    (g) Reflection across the y axis.

    8. Write down the matrices corresponding to clockwise and anticlockwise rotations


    through 45◦ , and verify that they are inverses of one another. Give a geometric
    interpretation of this fact.

    9. Consider the matrices


       
    0 1 0 −1
    B= and C = .
    1 0 1 0

    (a) Give geometrical descriptions of the transformations of the plane which are
    determined by the matrices B and C.
    (b) Calculate BC and CB and interpret your results in terms of linear transforma-
    tions.

    10. Consider the transformations T1 =‘reflection across the x-axis’ and T2 =‘reflection
    across the line y = x’.
    (a) Find the matrices A1 and A2 corresponding to T1 and T2 , respectively.
    (b) Show that (A1 )2 = I, and give a geometrical interpretation of this.
    (c) Use matrix multiplication to find the geometric effect of T1 followed by T2 ,
    showing all your reasoning.
    (d) The product T (θ) T (φ) of any two reflections T (θ) and T (φ) with angles θ and φ,
    respectively, is a rotation, with angle c(θ − φ) for some constant c. Based on
    your results in earlier parts, what can you say about the angle of the rotation,
    i.e., what is the value of the constant c? Use MATLAB to verify your answer
    for θ = 60◦ and φ = 50◦ (remember to convert these angles from degrees to
    radians for use in MATLAB).

    11. (Challenge) Let f : R2 → R2 be a linear map. Using the algebraic definition of a


    linear map show that for any (x, y) ∈ R2 :

    f (x, y) = xf (1, 0) + yf (0, 1)

    and hence conclude that f (x, y) = (ax + by, cx + dy) for some constants a, b, c, d.

    Page 2

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