THK Presison
THK Presison
THK Presison
Point of Selection
Accuracy of the Ball Screw
Reference travel distance Target value for reference travel distance Fluctuation/2 Actual travel distance
Ball Screw
[Actual Travel Distance] An error in the travel distance measured with an actual Ball Screw. [Reference Travel Distance] Generally, it is the same as nominal travel distance, but can be an intentionally corrected value of the nominal travel distance according to the intended use. [Target Value for Reference Travel Distance] You may provide some tension in order to prevent the screw shaft from runout, or set the reference travel distance in "negative" or "positive" value in advance given the possible expansion/ contraction from external load or temperature. In such cases, indicate a target value for the reference travel distance.
[Representative Travel Distance] It is a straight line representing the tendency in the actual travel distance, and obtained with the least squares method from the curve that indicates the actual travel distance. [Representative Travel Distance Error (in )] Difference between the representative travel distance and the reference travel distance. [Fluctuation] The maximum width of the actual travel distance between two straight lines drawn in parallel with the representative travel distance. [Fluctuation/300] Indicates a fluctuation against a given thread length of 300 mm. [Fluctuation/2 ] A fluctuation in one revolution of the screw shaft.
A15-17
500-5E0
Unit: m
Effective thread Representa- Fluc- Representa- Fluc- Representa- Fluc- Representa- Fluc- Representa- Fluclength tive travel tuative travel tuative travel tuative travel tuative travel tua-
Above Or less distance error 100 200 315 400 500 630 800 100 200 315 400 500 630 800 1000 3 3.5 4 5 6 6 7 8 9 11
tion
distance error
tion
distance error
tion
distance error
tion
distance error
tion
3 3 3.5 3.5 4 4 5 6 6 7
3.5 4.5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 15 18 22 26 30
5 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 15 18
5 7 8 9 10 11 13 15 18 21 25 30 36 44 52 65
7 7 7 7 7 8 9 10 11 13 15 18 21 25 30 36
8 10 12 13 15 16 18 21 24 29 35 41 50 60 72 90 110
8 8 8 10 10 12 13 15 16 18 21 24 29 35 41 50 60
1000 1250 1250 1600 1600 2000 2000 2500 2500 3150 3150 4000 4000 5000 5000 6300 6300 8000 8000 10000
40 46 54 65 77 93 115 140
Note) Unit of effective thread length: mm Table2 Fluctuation in Thread Length of 300 mm and in One Revolution (permissible value) Unit: m
C0 3.5 3
C1 5 4
C2 7 5
C3 8 6
C5 18 8
C7
C8
C10
Series symbol Cp Ct
Grade 1, 3, 5
1, 3, 5, 7, 10
Note) Accuracy grades apply also to the Cp series and Ct series. Contact THK for details.
A15-18
500-5E0
Point of Selection
Accuracy of the Ball Screw
Example: When the lead of a Ball Screw manufactured is measured with a target value for the reference travel distance of 9 m/500 mm, the following data are obtained.
Table4 Measurement Data on Travel Distance Error Unit: mm
The measurement data are expressed in a graph as shown in Fig.2. The positioning error (A-B) is indicated as the actual travel distance while the straight line representing the tendency of the (A-B) graph refers to the representative travel distance. The difference between the reference travel distance and the representative travel distance appears as the representative travel distance error.
Measurement point on the thread (mm) 100 0 10 20 30 Fluctuation 8.8m Actual travel distance AB Representative travel distance
Fig.2 Measurement Data on Travel Distance Error
Ball Screw
+10
200
300
400
500
Target value for reference travel distance 9m/500mm Representative travel distance error 7m
A15-19
500-5E0
Table 9 C
Square nut
Table 6 EF
Table 7 G
Table 4 EF
Table 5 EF
Note EF
Table 8 C
Table 6 EF
Note) For the overall radial runout of the screw shaft axis, refer to JIS B 1192-1997. Fig.3 Accuracy of the Mounting Surface of the Ball Screw
A15-20
500-5E0
Point of Selection
Accuracy of the Ball Screw
[Accuracy Standards for the Mounting Surface] Table5 to Table9 show accuracy standards for the mounting surfaces of the precision Ball Screw.
Table5 Radial Runout of the Circumference of the Thread Root in Relation to the Supporting Portion Axis of the Screw Shaft Unit: m
Runout (maximum) C1 5 5 6 7 8 9 10 C2 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 C3 8 8 9 10 12 13 15 C5 10 11 12 13 15 17 20 C7 14 14 14 20 20 20 30
Note) The measurements on these items include the effect of the runout of the screw shaft diameter. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the correction value from the overall runout of the screw shaft axis, using the ratio of the distance between the fulcrum and measurement point to the overall screw shaft length, and add the obtained value to the table above.
Ball Screw
Measurement point
L1=80
E1 = e + e
e e : Standard value in Table5 (0.012) : Correction value
e =
=
L1 L
E2
E2 : Overall radial runout of the screw shaft axis (0.06)
A15-21
500-5E0
Table6 Perpendicularity of the Supporting Portion End of the Screw Shaft to the Supporting Portion Axis Unit: m
Table7 Perpendicularity of the Flange Mounting Surface of the Screw Shaft to the Screw Shaft Axis Unit: m
Perpendicularity (maximum) C0 2 2 2 2 2 3 C1 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 C2 3 3 3 3 3 4 5 C3 4 4 4 4 4 5 6 C5 5 5 5 5 5 7 8 C7 7 7 7 7 8 10 11
Nut diameter (mm) Above 20 32 50 80 125 160 Or less 20 32 50 80 125 160 200
Perpendicularity (maximum) C0 5 5 6 7 7 8 C1 6 6 7 8 9 10 11 C2 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 C3 8 8 8 10 12 13 14 C5 10 10 11 13 15 17 18 C7 14 14 18 18 20 20 25
Table8 Radial Runout of the Nut Circumference in Relation to the Screw Shaft Axis Unit: m
Table9 Parallelism of the Nut Circumference (Flat Mounting Surface) to the Screw Shaft Axis Unit: m
Nut diameter (mm) Above 20 32 50 80 125 160 Or less 20 32 50 80 125 160 200 C0 5 6 7 8 9 10
Runout (maximum) C1 6 7 8 10 12 13 16 C2 7 8 10 12 16 17 20 C3 9 10 12 15 20 22 25 C5 12 12 15 19 27 30 34 C7 20 20 30 30 40 40 50
Parallelism (maximum) C1 6 8 10 C2 7 9 11 C3 8 10 13 C5 10 13 17 C7 17 17 30
Radial Runout of the Circumference of the Part Mounting Section in Relation to the Supporting Portion Axis of the Screw Shaft (see Table5 on A15-21)
Support the supporting portion of the screw shaft with V blocks. Place a probe on the circumference of the part mounting section, and read the largest difference on the dial gauge as a measurement when turning the screw shaft by one revolution.
Dial gauge
V block
A15-22
500-5E0
Point of Selection
Accuracy of the Ball Screw
Radial Runout of the Circumference of the Thread Root in Relation to the Supporting Portion Axis of the Screw Shaft (see Table5 on A15-21)
Support the supporting portion of the screw shaft with V blocks. Place a probe on the circumference of the nut, and read the largest difference on the dial gauge as a measurement when turning the screw shaft by one revolution without turning the nut.
Dial gauge
V block
Perpendicularity of the Supporting Portion End of the Screw Shaft to the Supporting Portion Axis (see Table6 on A15-22)
Support the supporting portion of the screw shaft with V blocks. Place a probe on the screw shaft's supporting portion end, and read the largest difference on the dial gauge as a measurement when turning the screw shaft by one revolution.
Ball Screw
Dial gauge
V block
Perpendicularity of the Flange Mounting Surface of the Screw Shaft to the Screw Shaft Axis (see Table7 on A15-22)
Support the thread of the screw shaft with V blocks near the nut. Place a probe on the flange end, and read the largest difference on the dial gauge as a measurement when simultaneously turning the screw shaft and the nut by one revolution.
Dial gauge
V block
A15-23
500-5E0
Radial Runout of the Nut Circumference in Relation to the Screw Shaft Axis (see Table8 on A15-22)
Support the thread of the screw shaft with V blocks near the nut. Place a probe on the circumference of the nut, and read the largest difference on the dial gauge as a measurement when turning the nut by one revolution without turning the screw shaft.
Dial gauge
V block
Parallelism of the Nut Circumference (Flat Mounting Surface) to the Screw Shaft Axis (see Table9 on A15-22)
Support the thread of the screw shaft with V blocks near the nut. Place a probe on the circumference of the nut (flat mounting surface), and read the largest difference on the dial gauge as a measurement when moving the dial gauge in parallel with the screw shaft.
Dial gauge
V block
Dial gauge
V block
A15-24
500-5E0
Point of Selection
Accuracy of the Ball Screw
Axial Clearance
[Axial Clearance of the Precision Ball Screw] Table10 shows the axial clearance of the precision Screw Ball. If the manufacturing length exceeds the value in Table11, the resultant clearance may partially be negative (preload applied).
Table10 Axial Clearance of the Precision Ball Screw Unit: mm
G0 0 or less
GT 0 to 0.005
G1 0 to 0.01
G2 0 to 0.02
G3 0 to 0.05
Unit: mm
Overall thread length Screw shaft outer diameter Clearance GT C0 to C3 4 to 6 8 to 10 12 to 16 18 to 25 28 to 32 36 to 45 50 to 70 80 to 100 80 250 500 800 900 1000 1200 C5 100 200 400 700 800 800 1000 Clearance G1 C0 to C3 80 250 500 800 1100 1300 1600 1800 C5 100 250 500 700 900 1000 1300 1500 C0 to C3 80 250 700 1000 1400 2000 2500 4000 Clearance G2 C5 100 300 600 1000 1200 1500 2000 3000 C7 120 300 500 1000 1200 1500
Ball Screw
2000 3000
* When manufacturing the Ball Screw of precision-grade accuracy C7 with clearance GT or G1, the resultant clearance is partially negative.
[Axial Clearance of the Rolled Ball Screw] Table12 shows axial clearance of the rolled Ball Screw.
Table12 Axial Clearance of the Rolled Ball Screw Unit: mm
Screw shaft outer diameter Axial clearance (maximum) 6 to 12 14 to 28 30 to 32 36 to 45 50 0.05 0.1 0.14 0.17 0.2
A15-25
500-5E0
Preload
A preload is provided in order to eliminate the axial clearance and minimize the displacement under an axial load. When performing a highly accurate positioning, a preload is generally provided.
[Rigidity of the Ball Screw under a Preload] When a preload is provided to the Ball Screw, the rigidity of the nut is increased. Fig.4 shows elastic displacement curves of the Ball Screw under a preload and without a preload.
Without a preload
Axial displacement
2 ao Parallel
ao
With a preload
A15-26
500-5E0
Point of Selection
Accuracy of the Ball Screw
pla
cem
ent
of n ut A
of n ut B
Dis
D is c pla em ent
External load: 0
Nut B FB
Spacer
External load: Fa
Fig.5
Nuts A and B are provided with preload Fa0 from the spacer. Because of the preload, nuts A and B are elastically displaced by a0 each. If an axial load (Fa) is applied from outside in this state, the displacement of nuts A and B is calculated as follows.
A = a0 + a
B = a0 - a Ball Screw
2/3
Kconstant
( )
Ft Fa0
2 3
= 2 Ft = 2
3/2
Fa0 = 2.8Fa0
3Fa0
Thus, the Ball Screw under a preload is displaced by a0 when an axial load (Ft) approximately three times greater than the preload is provided from outside. As a result, the displacement of the Ball Screw under a preload is half the displacement (2 a0) of the Ball Screw without a preload. As stated above, since the preloading is effective up to approximately three times the applied preload, the optimum preload is one third of the maximum axial load. Note, however, that an excessive preload adversely affects the service life and heat generation. As a guideline, the maximum preload should be set at 10% of the basic dynamic load rating (Ca) at a maximum.
A15-27
500-5E0
[Preload Torque] The preload torque of the Ball Screw in lead is controlled in accordance with the JIS standard (JIS B 1192-1997).
Reference torque
(Backward)
Actual torque
Reference Torque
A dynamic preload torque set as a target.
Actual Torque
A dynamic preload torque measured with an actual Ball Screw.
Torque Fluctuation
Variation in a dynamic preload torque set at a target value. It can be positive or negative in relation to the reference torque.
Tp = 0.05 (tan)
Tp Fa0 Ph
0.5
Fa0 Ph 2
A15-28
500-5E0
Point of Selection
Accuracy of the Ball Screw
Example: When a preload of 3,000 N is provided to the Ball Screw model BNFN4010-5G0 + 1500LC3 with a thread length of 1,300 mm (shaft diameter: 40 mm; ball center-to-center diameter: 41.75 mm; lead: 10 mm), the preload torque of the Ball Screw is calculated in the steps below.
tan =
= 0.0762
Tp
= 0.05 (tan)
0.5
Fa 0 Ph 2
= 0.05 (0.0762)
0.5
3000 10 = 865N mm 2
Ball Screw
Result Reference torque : 865 N-mn Torque fluctuation : 606 N-mm to 1125 N-mm
Table13 Tolerance Range in Torque Fluctuation
Effective thread length 4000mm or less Reference torque Nmm Above 4,000 mm and 10,000 mm or less
40
60
Accuracy grades
A15-29