ARCHI TECTURAL DES I GN VII _ DES I GN B RI EF_O DD S EM 2022 -2 3_GS AP_B LR

Major Project : Multi-Event stadium

Location : Kiriburu, Jharkhand

Semester : VII sem (Academic year 2022-23)

Guides : Assoc. Prof. Poorani Balamurugan & Asst. Prof. Sharad Narayan

College : Gopalan School of Architecture and Planning, Bengaluru.

University : Visvesvaraya Technological University

1) INTRODUCTION:

Post six semesters of architectural training, from introduction to architecture: design of public
buildings, in concurrence with allied subjects, the student is expected to have developed a worldview
with which he/she is able to analyse a given design brief. The objective of this semester is to activate
that critical mind, with an underlying emphasis on performative/responsive architecture.

On this basis the students of VII semester are introduced to multi-event stadium design as a design
problem to enhance the critical thinking and superimpose the innovation, structural design and the
performance of the building as a whole in terms of the energy efficiency and sustainability. Students
will be acquiring knowledge in the study of technical advancement in structural design, sustainable
materials employed in designing, etc. in addition the students

2) NEED OF THE PROJECT:

Stadia are amazing buildings. They can help to shape our towns and cities more than almost any other
building type in history, and at the same time put a community on the map. They have become an
essential ingredient in the urban matrix that pulls our cities together and in so doing provide a focus
for our aspirations. They are also probably the most 'viewed' building type in history thanks to the
Olympics and other global sporting events.

They can be very expensive buildings, but equally can generate substantial revenues. The global
financial power of sport in general is increasing and the twenty-first century is gradually establishing
sport as the world's first true global culture. Stadia, the buildings that accommodate sport, are
becoming among the most important buildings any city of the future can build, partly because of their
power as an urban planning tool - and also one of the most expensive.

They are often symbolic of the aspirations of a nation, which is not surprising considering that the
tourist impact on Athens for the 2004 Olympic Games was reported to be around 1.9 million overnight
stays during the two weeks of the event. They have evolved into a building type that contains all the
elements required to achieve a critical mass capable of sustaining independent city life. Such a critical
mass is composed of mixed elements including residential, commercial, retail and leisure, all working
together with the other services and transport infrastructure that are required to make the 'stadium
city' thrive.
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3) STUDIO PROBLEM:

The above-mentioned competition project announced by INSDAG is taken is taken up as the design
problem.

The Project Based Learning (PBL) is introduced to achieve the combination of collaboration,
reflection, and individual decision-making which gives the students an applicable scenario to real-
world situations that they will face as they mature. Instead of a pre-determined project, students can
witness the issues or concerns in their community, discover one that they find particularly interesting,
and brainstorm ways to address or solve the problem.
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4) DESIGN APPROACH:

The design problem is solved under the main theme or single roof of performative architecture.

a) Performative Architecture:

It is the architecture, in which building becomes a living, breathing, consuming, excreting organism.
Its Facade i.e, skin of the building will simultaneously resolve the structural, aesthetic, climatic
requirements of the building. Its architectural expression shall not be a static response to its context,
but a dynamic one. The engineering aspect of the building typically continues into its internal function.
From foundation to form, performative architecture, rethinks the formulaic approach to building
design. The program will consider the forces of nature such as Sun, Wind, Water, and its absence as
controlling parameters of its function. In order to extract maximum design mileage, the program shall
be situated in regions with extreme weather conditions.

b) Design Theme:
• A multi-events stadium is a type of sports complex designed to be used by multiple types
of sports events. While any stadium could potentially host more than one type of sport or
event, this concept usually refers to a specific design philosophy that stresses multi
functionality over specificity.
• The plain land on which the stadium is located nearby on Kiriburu main road should
necessarily be a single plot.
• The stadiums shall be aesthetically pleasing and planned to enhance viewing experience.
• Local climatic conditions shall be considered in order to provide structure with thermal
comfort and energy efficiency and economy.
• Use of solar energy in the stadium shall be explored for lighting of important places to save
electrical energy.
• Proper location of Pump House, Sump, Septic Tank, Electrical Transformer etc. shall be
decided so that these will not create safety hazards to other facilities.
• Proper drainage arrangements in the open spaces inside / outside of the sporting fields
and tracks shall also be made so that water do not stagnate during play and movement
etc. The underground drain connecting the main drains outside the stadium complex shall
be provided.
• Parking place shall be outside of the stadium complex.
• Special provisions: Sanitisation kiosks, Mini health centre
• Provisions for Rainwater Harvesting shall be provided.

5) DESIGN OBJECTIVES:
a) To create interest among the students of Architecture in using steel as a medium of their
architectural expression and in exploiting numerous advantages of structural Steel as a
material of construction
b) To understand the subject of Architecture as an integrated field which works in tandem with
Technology, Design, Economy, Ecology, Geography and Sociology etc
c) To rethink architecture as a man-made ecosystem, which is self-contained and sustainable
d) To be able to identify and augment the right set of knowledge kit (from the learnt courses and
electives) that will steer the approach to the brief in a strong direction
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6) OUTCOMES:
a) In depth understanding of green concepts, be it Vernacular, active energy efficient methods
or projective models.
b) Case study works presented as knowledge sharing exercise, through models, 3d models and
explanatory diagrams.
c) Building simulation models should be a mandatory output of the studio, to utilize software
technology as an effective analytical and design management tool. III. The complexity of the
project can be broken down into components and treated as one/two minor projects and one
major component

7) DESIGN PROCESS:

SPECIAL LIVE CASE CONCEPT

DATA LITERATURE
STUDIES DEVELOPMENT
COLLECTION CASE STUDY STUDY

a) DATA COLLECTION:
i) The collection of building standards for a stadium design from Neuferts and Time saver
standards
ii) IS:800, IS:801, IS:806, IS:875, IS:1161, IS:1893, IS:4923, IS:9595, IS:11384 – the latest
versions of these codes are to be referred.
iii) National Building Code-2016
b) LITERATURE CASE STUDY:
i) Literature case studies of stadium designs of international standards.
(1) Mercedes-Benz Stadium, Atlanta, Georgia
(2) Yahoo Dome, Fukuoka , Japan
(3) San nicolo foot ball stadium
(4) Yoyogi National Stadium, Tokyo
ii) Case studies of performative building design by the below mentioned architects:
(1) Arup associates
(2) Atelier Jean Nouvel
(3) Heatherwick Studio
(4) SOM, Calatrava Architects
(5) Toyo ito architects
(6) Grimshaw architects
(7) Thornton Tomasetti
(8) Renzo Piano architects
iii) The main focus of the study will be on
(1) Dynamic Facades
(2) Kinetic structures
(3) Responsive Facades
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c) SPECIAL STUDY
i) Large span structures:
ii) Special study on large span structures,
iii) Space frames
iv) Steel trusses
v) Shell roof
vi) Tensile structures
vii) Suspended structures
viii) Cable stayed structures
ix) Steel elements:
(1) Steel Rolled Sections : Standard Beam Sections / Wide / Narrow Parallel flange Beam
Sections, Channel Sections / Angle Sections etc.
(2) Steel Fabricated / Built-up Sections / Castellated sections
(3) Rectangular Hollow Sections / Square Hollow Sections / Circular Hollow Sections
(4) Plates and Flats, Rounds and Squares
(5) Wire Ropes
(6) Cold Formed Steel
(7) Corrugated /Plain/ Embossed Profiled Sheet
(8) Colour Coated/ Plastic Coated/Galvanized Sheet
(9) Stainless Steel Sheet and Sections
x) High Tensile Steel, Weather Resistant Steel etc
xi) Steel joints
xii) Passive design technologies (Presentation by the guide):
xiii) Trombe walls
xiv) Double glazing
xv) Roof collectors
xvi) Atriums as transition spaces
xvii) Radiant heating techniques
xviii) Evaporative cooling
xix) High mass walls etc,
xx) Photovoltaics materials:
xxi) BIPV – Building integrated photovoltaics
xxii) Standalone photovoltaic panels
xxiii) Software knowledge for Building Performance simulation:
(1) Building performance simulation (BPS) is the replication of aspects of building
performance using a computer-based, mathematical model created on the basis of
fundamental physical principles and sound engineering practice. The objective of
building performance simulation is the quantification of aspects of building
performance which are relevant to the design, construction, operation and control of
buildings.
(2) Design Builder software training to be carried out to estimate the performance of the
building in terms of energy usage.
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d) LIVE CASE STUDIES:

i) KANTEERAVA STADIUM, Bengaluru
ii) M.A. \Chidhambaram stadium (Chepauk stadium), Chennai

e) CONCEPT / DESIGN DEVELOPMENT:

i) The concept would ideally focus on inclusiveness of the performative architecture using
technology and passive design strategies to fulfil the function of the stadium. Use of steel
as the main structural element is expected to be incorporated in the design of major
structural system.
ii) Use of steel elements in roofing, cladding, fascia, stairs, main entrance gates and other
areas as far as possible along with other construction materials.
iii) Use of Steel-Concrete Composite Structures may be proposed because it may be
desirable to include RCC elements in some locations such as slabs etc.
iv) Emphasis should be laid on design process and conception of innovative steel structures
of various forms tempered with the practicality of putting the concept into reality along with
Structural Stability

8) DESIGN REQUIREMENT:
i) Ground Development
(1) Turfing of the ground
(2) Underground drainage
(3) Developing the ground for different sports activities
(4) 100 m track [6 lanes]
(5) 400 m track [6 lanes]
(6) Football Ground
(7) 2 cricket pitches with underground drainage + Cover during football season
(8) Handball court
(9) Volleyball court
ii) Jumping events – long jump and high jump
(1) Long Jump – Pit Dimension – 9 m x 2.75 m
(2) High Jump - Mattress
(3) Providing watering facility (water tank) for watering the ground
(4) All round covered drains – outer of tracks and inner of fencing
(5) Petrol operated lawn mower
(6) Ride on roller
iii) Boundary Wall & Drainage System
(1) RCC Column and Beam Framed structure with Brick Boundary Wall - 10” x 2.4 m ht
(2) Wall to be topped with Y shaped angle posts and Barbed Wire & Concertina Wire
(3) Internal wall to be painted with sport motif pictures
(4) Entrance gates at North, West & East– North side one with architectural design
(5) Drain along the boundary wall – connected with drains along internal fencing
iv) Electrical Connectivity and Lighting
(1) Provision of a transformer [11KV X 440 KV }
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(2) Electrical Control Room

(3) 6 lighting towers of 21m height with floodlights - Location to be finalized
(4) Smaller height flood light posts with lights
v) Development of Main Gallery
(1) Gallery will be provided with a 1m wide x 0.5m high sitting platform – ground floor
central corridor back side – brickwork as well as sides, filing on local materials and
PCC top
(2) Overall gallery area will be approximately 43m long and 16m wide – steel columns with
steel beams • Ground floor level, the front side will have galleries and the back side will
have rooms / halls, washroom and storage facilities, reception, waiting lobby, wall
mounted display area,
(3) First floor level, [above the halls, rooms, washrooms] a central VIP gallery with RCC
Roof covering and 2 galleries with steel sheds on either side of the VIP Gallery
(4) Central VIP Gallery will have separate and exclusive entry. Washroom for the VIP
gallery be provided at ground level.
(5) Overhead Water storage tanks – 2 kl
(6) Deep Bore well with pumping system
(7) Cantilever roof with Colour Coated Sheets
vi) Development of Hostel cum Gallery
(1) Approximate area will be 60m x 16m – steel columns / beams
(2) Ground floor - dormitory halls, Kitchen, Dining and storage space will be provided
(3) First floor - Gallery at the front side and dormitory / rooms at the backside
(4) At the backside of the building, separate toilet & bath facilities will be provided. On the
ground floor gents and on the first floor ladies toilets & bath facilities will be made
(5) Office, Common Store will be provided on the ground floor.
(6) Overhead Water storage tanks – 5kl x 2 • Cantilever roof with Colour Coated Sheet
vii) Finishing Jobs
(1) Electronic Scoreboard with Control room all the laptops and softwares
(2) CCTV System with 2 nos monitor control fixed broadband connections
(3) Public Address System.
(4) VIP Gallery enclosure
(a) Capacity 40 persons
(b) Showcase to display medals / awards.
(5) Ground Floor Rooms in Main Gallery
(a) Office Room - Almirahs, Attached toilet, store & Notice board
(b) Common Store Room ▪ General storage space along the entire central corridor
(c) Washroom & toilet facilities for officials & sports persons [separately for ladies &
Gents]
(d) 5 Guest Rooms for visiting officials, trainers etc with an attached bathroom.
(6) A Common meeting / conference hall – •
(a) Hostel Gallery
(b) Dining Hall
(c) Kitchen
(d) Office Cum Store
(e) Dormitories
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viii) Additional requirements:

(1) Sprinklers – adjustable system, 10 m dia throwing capacity, with stand – 6 nos
(2) Underground water tank for 3 nos Overhead tanks and ground water system with
proper pumping system
(3) Practice Nets for cricket with 2 pitches – hard
(4) Deep bore well
(5) Removable goalposts

9) PROPOSED SITE DETAILS AND LOCATION:

Location: Kiriburu, Jharkhand

Latitude DMS: 22°6'29.37"N

Longitude DMS: 85°17'25.27"E

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Click the link below to view the location on Google map or scan the QR code:
https://goo.gl/maps/dUe2KxJbdRzxQBoM8

10) REFERENCES
a) Lisa Iwamoto, "Digital Fabrications: Architectural and Material Techniques", 2009, Princeton
Architectural Press.
b) Jesse Reiser, " Atlas of Novel Tectonics", 2006, Princeton Architectural Press.
c) Russell Fortmeyer, Charles F. Linn, " Kinetic Architecture: Designs for Active Envelopes", 2014,
The Images Publishing Group.
d) Michael Fox, " Interactive Architecture: Adaptive World", 2016, Princeton Architectural Press.
e) https://forefrontae.com/the-future-of-stadium-design/