Abstract

For many people, agriculture tourism as a leisure activity has become a new way of life.
Vacations are utilized to reduce stress from daily life in modern civilization. Meanwhile,
investments in the creation of leisure farms are rapidly increasing. A distinct planning process can
distinguish projects involving the development and building of leisure farms in terms of farm
management, resulting in considerable advantages and benefits. For farmworkers who want to
know how satisfied visitors are, the Leisure Farm Customer Journey Map is a great strategic
management tool. We want to figure out what aspects are most significant in attracting tourists to
leisure farms. By merging interactions in service design with visitors' primary objectives, this
research intends to help leisure farm operators grasp the value of planning and designing these
engagements for tourists' experiences. It also strives to improve resource allocation and the long-
term viability of leisure farms.

Geography

Mount Batulao, which is mostly within the municipality of Nasugbu, rises to a height of 693
meters (2,274 feet). The Tagaytay Range, also known as the Tagaytay Ridge and historically as
the Cordillera de Tagaytay, is a high ridge of volcanic tuff that runs in a semi-circular direction for
32 kilometers (20 miles) from Mount Sungay in Tagaytay to Mount Sungay in the northeast,
overlooking the Taal Lake and Taal Volcano. There are twelve summits on the mountain, including
the two tallest peaks for which it is called. The mountain's northern slopes are managed by
Nasugbu, but its eastern foothills reach into the Cavite municipality of Alfonso. The municipalities
of Tuy, Balayan, Calaca, and Lemery share their southern and western slopes. Upland barangays
of Aga and Calayway (Kaylaway) in Nasugbu, Bolboc and Mataywanac in Tuy, Patugo in Balayan,
Cahil in Calaca, Mayasang in Lemery, and the Alfonso barangay in Kaysuyo are among the
settlements.
The mountain is located in the municipalities of Nasugbu, Lian, Tuy, Alfonso, and
Magallanes, in the 185.9-square-kilometer (71.8-square-mile) Lian River Basin, a sub-catchment
of the Nasugbu-Lian-Calatagan Basin. It is home to the Lian-Palico River's headwaters, which
run down from the steep slopes of Mount Batulao and the 656-meter (2,152-foot) high Mount
Carilao, largely through secondary growth forest and sugarcane farms before emptying into the
South China Sea's Nasugbu Bay. This river has a total length of 34 kilometers (21 miles) and a
discharge of 19.44 million cubic meters on an annual basis (687 million cu ft). Mount Batulao is
also the source of the Montintubig (Munting Tubig), Obispo, and Siomtiam rivers, which all flow
into Balayan Bay.
Mount Carilao, also known as Mount Talamitam, is located in the gap between Batulao
and the Mounts Palay-Palay–Mataas-na-Gulod mountain range to the north (also known as Mount
Pico de Loro range). This mountain, which lies on the boundary of Nasugbu and the Cavite
municipality of Magallanes, is regarded as Batulao's smaller sister and is a popular beginner's
walk. Mount Aiming, which rises 359 meters to the southeast of Mount Carilao, is a steep and
naked mountain (1,178 ft). The Tagaytay-Nasugbu Highway travels through a defile formed by
the three mountains.
The majority of the gap between the three mountains in Nasugbu is private property, with
the majority of it belonging to Gonzalo Puyat & Sons' 1,837-hectare (4,540-acre) Hacienda Puyat
and Roxas & Company's 867-hectare (2,140-acre) Hacienda Caylaway. From an agricultural
estate to a prime real estate and retirement destination, the Puyat and Roxas family firms
developed portions of this side of Mount Batulao into many hotels, golf courses, and condominium
complexes. To the south, the Batulao Forest borders these developments.

Flora and Fauna

 Mount Batulao's middle to lower slopes in Nasugbu, Balayan, and Calaca has a forest
cover of 30,000 hectares (74,000 acres). It's a privately-owned natural refuge with centuries-old
trees that stretch to the south's valleys and gorges. Slash-and-burn agriculture with corn,
bananas, mangoes, and other fruit trees is practiced in the secondary growth vegetation forest.
Cogon grass and Kans grass dominate the mountain's grassland and shrubland, while other crops
are cultivated in the gently sloping foothills and flat sections.
In 2004, at least 22 bird species were documented in and around Mount Batulao's forest,
with the glossy swiftlet and barn swallow being the most prevalent. The following avian residents
of Batulao were also documented by the Wild Bird Club of the Philippines: blue-headed fantail,
blue rock thrush, brown shrike, collared kingfisher, Philippine hanging parrot, elegant tit, long-
tailed shrike, lowland white-eye, olive-backed sunbird, Philippine Bulbul, Philippine coucal,
Philippine fairy-bluebird, Philippine pygmy woodpecker, spotted wood kingfisher, striated
grassbird, striated swallow, white-breasted wood swallow, white-browed shama, white-eared
brown dove and Yellow-vented Bulbul.

Planning principles
1. Innovation principle
To begin, leisure farms must have distinct and visible themes. Show the desired
area's style and features with distinct characteristics, demonstrating evident heterogeneity
with nearby tourism scenery resources and utilizing the original human and natural
resources to create a unique landscape picture and tourism charm. The concept of
planning is represented by the design, which is based on marketing. The theme should be
chosen to highlight the characteristics and create a pleasant atmosphere. The planning
and design of the entire leisure farm should always echo, mirror, and highlight the
connotation of traditional agricultural culture, as well as continue to evolve so that visitors
are never bored.
2. Principles for the display of local culture
Local vernacular culture should be used to build and design leisure farms. A priority
in the creation of leisure farms should be the exploration of the meaning of agricultural
and folk culture, as well as the use of culture to support the tourism setting. "The more
local, the more global." When it comes to leisure farm planning, the cultural connotation
of the farms is directly proportional to their appeal. The concept of leisure farms must be
well rooted in the local culture.
3. The principle of ecological priority
 Leisure farms should help to preserve biodiversity in the terrain, promote a virtuous
ecological cycle, and have a good ecological influence on the environment. In today's
world, the environment is productive, which is a relatively new concept. For the
establishment of tourist parks, the environment is both a requirement and a material base.
4. The principle of adapting measures to local conditions
The leisure farm's beauty, rustic character, agricultural culture, as well as
entertainment and leisure characteristics, are all moving pieces. The planning and design
process should not carry out civil engineering, and the entire site should not be considered
flat ground. To reduce the initial investment, the original various resources, natural terrain,
and landforms should be fully utilized, and natural advantages should be leveraged to
create and layout under local conditions.
5. The principle of considering the seasonal factors
Seasonal conditions influence the types of tourism services, building scale, and
passenger flow capacity of leisure farms.

Planning theory
A large percentage of farm owners have now completed their initial capital accumulation
in the real estate and distribution industries. They believe leisure farm has significant development
potential and are willing to invest in them. They lack a solid understanding of the needs of leisure
agriculture visitors, as well as the industry's characteristics and advancements. In today's farm
planning, farm owners frequently develop leisure farms based on their own experience or quickly
replicate the masterpieces of advanced regions. They are poorly built, have identical architectural
appearances, an inappropriate internal organization, single and close functions, and few high-
quality goods, resulting in aesthetic weariness and a negative return on investment among
tourists. The following beliefs must be properly utilized in future planning to break free from this
vicious cycle:
1. Plant community theory
On leisure farms, vegetation provides a range of benefits, including productivity,
amusement, observation, and ecology. Plant communities of diverse structural levels can
coexist. This requires research about the community structure to be of suitable use.
2. Ecological succession theory
The leisure farm's vegetation should be viewed as a long-term resource. Top-level
theories must be used to create top-level plant communities that are compatible with the
 local climate and environment. The ecological succession principle is useful in guiding the
design and management of leisure farms.
3. Landscape ecology theory
If the area is appropriately planned and managed using the landscape structure
and dynamics principles of patches and corridors, the combination of corridors and internal
circulation will better exercise its ecological and useful functions. The diversity of
organisms in a stable ecosystem is intrinsically linked to that habitat's stability, but the
leisure farm ecology, which includes human activities, is often fragile. The application of
biodiversity theory to planning is beneficial to the overall stability of the system.
4. Environmental planning theory
Developers must know ecological ethics and planning knowledge. Landscape
planning is the practice of effectively utilizing and maintaining the land. This activity
contributes to the coordination of human use and natural existence by ensuring that
humans, plants, animals, and the resources they rely on for living have appropriate
habitats or places.

Contents of leisure farm planning

1. Zoning Planning
The traditional zoning arrangement of leisure farms includes production areas,
agricultural science and technology exhibition areas, product sales areas, landscaping
areas, and leisure areas.
a. Production Area
The production area, which accounts for around 35 percent of the farm's
total planned area, is frequently chosen on the property with suitable soil and
climatic conditions, as well as irrigation and drainage facilities. Crop production,
fruit trees, vegetables, flower gardening production, livestock farming, forest
management, fishery production, and so on are all major industries in the
production region. The primary purpose of the production area is to teach tourists
about the complete process of agricultural production so that they can fully
understand the fun of agricultural production while participating in agricultural
activities.
b. Agricultural science and technology exhibition area
Like the production area, the agricultural science and technology exhibition
area should be located in an area with good soil and climatic conditions, as well
 as drainage and irrigation capabilities. It takes up about 10% of the farm's total
land area. Demonstrations of ecological agriculture, agricultural science education,
and agricultural science and technology are all possibilities. Demonstrations and
other projects can be arranged upon request. To demonstrate agriculture's unique
quality, develop agricultural awareness, and broaden tourists' understanding of
agriculture through the promotion of focused traditional scientific and technological
agriculture and agricultural knowledge systems. Equipment may be offered to
volunteer narrators.
c. Product sales area
The park's product sales area should be in a prominent position with easy
public transportation access. Both sides of the main route should be covered. It is
preferable to be near the park's exit route so that it cannot only win but also care
for the farm's tourist consumption. The economic needs of passers-by outside the
farm. The product sales area occupies about 5% of the total floor space. Among
the commercial items are not only specific agriculture products, but also folk crafts,
traditional folk souvenirs, and tourist souvenirs in the park. By establishing product
sales zones, farm efficiency may be improved, local farmers' income can be
boosted, and rural economic development can be fostered, and the goal of
promoting farms and enhancing visibility can be realized by selling typical tourist
products.
d. Landscape area
Landscape areas are usually found in areas with a variety of topography
and a high level of original landscape quality. Ornamental farmland, melon
orchards, ornamental seedlings, flower display places, wetland scenery areas,
water scenery areas, and other elements can all be set up in the landscape area.
Visitors to the landscape region can immerse themselves in the area's stunning
landscapes and natural beauty, making it a fantastic place to unwind and
experience the allure of agriculture. A magnificent viewing platform can be built
depending on the situation.
e. Leisure area
It occupies around 15% of the park's total size and is placed on a lot with
beautiful terrain and a pleasant atmosphere. Farmhouse-style buildings (such as
small wooden houses, traditional houses, stilts buildings, and so on), rural-style
activity venues, fishing areas, and other projects can be constructed in the leisure
 area. Owing to the construction of the leisure area, visitors can travel deep into the
rural living space, participate in rural activities, and enjoy the fun of leisure
agriculture.
2. Traffic road planning
External traffic, inbound traffic, internal traffic, parking lots, and traffic ancillary land
are all included in traffic road planning. The main road, which connects the park's main
scenic spots, is 4-7 meters wide and has a gentle rain 8 percent longitudinal slope.
Secondary roads: penetrate deep into diverse scenic areas, the road width is 2-4m, the
terrain can be higher than the main road, and it can be used as a platform and stepping
treatment when the slope is steep. Recreational road: It is a scenic region with a
recreational and walking track. There are a variety of layouts and formats to choose from.
3. Production and cultivation planning
A typical leisure farm's cultivation plan consists primarily of:
Ecological forest area: including rare species garden and its protection area, water
and soil conservation, and water conservation forest area.
Viewing (picking) forest areas: generally located near the main tourist line and
main scenic spots. It is required that the plant shape, color, and texture in the main
sightseeing line of sight must have a special vision to meet the requirements of viewing
and picking.
Production forest area: It is the core part of the tourist park, mainly for production,
and visitors are not allowed to enter.
4. Landscape greening planning
Recreational farms are typically built on open lands, such as farmland, grass
slopes, or agricultural property with mountain ridges and attractive landscape features.
Landscape alterations on a vertical scale and landscape extension on a horizontal scale
share consistent properties in the spatial image.
a. Scenic forest
A scenic forest is a forest setting whose primary purpose is aesthetic
appreciation, therefore landscape forest planning should prioritize beautiful trees.
Make the forests nice and beautiful with a variety of hues to stimulate people's
interest in going sightseeing. It is also vital to create a space atmosphere in which
people are glad to relax through the development of artificial art. Plant heights are
dispersed and mixed to create a lush green seascape with outstanding viewing
effects.
b. Plant landscapes in various scenic spots
The majority of the vegetation is trees, with a few floral bushes and grass
flowers tossed in for good measure. To create a natural image of different heights
and ordered, tree species with rich colors and diverse seasonal changes are
planted according to the subject and cultural atmosphere of each garden.
c. Plant landscape of leisure farms
A stunning and vibrant pastoral image is created by large swathes of crops.
Pieces of decorative flowers and ornamental medicinal materials, sub-arbors with
outstanding blooms and fruits are planted along the road or concentrated, and
towering trees are correctly adorned to produce an ideal and natural environment.
d. Scenic forest belt on both sides of the road
The road is the sole method for tourists to travel between various scenic
places and scenic spots. The two sides of the main road are primarily tree-lined,
with a minor number of flowers, grass, and bushes strategically placed. The road's
natural bend is mixed with the topography of the roadside, and the plants are
planted at varying distances to create a staggered and dense effect. The roadside
is organically planted with branches and shrubs coupled with trees and shrubs,
making a "way through the forest" and a "flower route," captivating visitors with the
delicate stance and beautiful colors of the flowers, especially during the flowering
season. You will be able to enjoy and be influenced by beauty through flowers.
There are carefully organized opposite scenes, obscured scenes, and transparent
scenes at the corners of the intersection and the road, generating diverse spaces,
providing visitors a lively and dynamic visual experience, and enriching the road
scenery.
e. Vegetation planning around scenic spots and reception facilities
The vegetation surrounding the scenic spot should emphasize the scenic spot's
meaning, the surrounding plant configuration of the humanistic scenic spot should
be compatible with the humanistic scenery, and the good vegetation surrounding
the natural scenic spot should protect the natural scenic spot's original
appearance. The plant configuration close to the reception area should
complement the structure. To set off the building, harmonize and enrich the
architectural composition, and give the building a sense of It expresses the sense
of seasons in time and space, strengthens the perception of architectural
character, and sets off the atmosphere of the architectural environment, trees of
 various types, forms, colors, and functions should be selected, and corresponding
configuration methods should be adopted for buildings of various types, forms,
colors, and functions. In the open areas and venues near the reception facilities, a
considerable quantity of grass and lawns are available for viewing, resting, and
picnics. In an emergency, it can even be utilized as an apron.
5. Environmental protection planning
Tourism development may result in some degree of environmental damage because
tourism resources are not renewable. To safeguard the environment is to achieve a
virtuous circle by maintaining a normal ecological balance. Protecting landscape
resources, ensuring tourism's long-term viability, and preserving biodiversity are all ways
to safeguard ourselves and our living environment. The construction must adhere to the
protection first principle, proper and reasonable development, rule of law implementation
in the landscape, and effective protection of tourism resources.
a. Ecological environment protection
Tourist destinations' environmental quality includes air, water, sanitation,
noise, and other factors. Low-sulfur coal is utilized as fuel for reception service
facilities in tourist destinations and other residential areas for heating and food
production to maintain tourism air quality. To strictly control smoke and dust
emissions, high-efficiency smoke and dust removal equipment are required.
Electric locomotives, human- and animal-powered vehicles, or vehicles with low
pollutant emission rates should be employed as much as possible as modes of
transportation, and dangerous gas emissions should be rigorously controlled. If
original buildings on the water's edge are relocated or demolished, it is strictly
forbidden to extract sand, cut down vegetation, and restore the natural landscape
as much as possible. Plant flowers, plants, and trees on all bare land in the
designated area for overall greening, beautification, and aromatization, so that the
loess is not exposed to the open air and remains dust-free. To successfully reduce
noise pollution and create a tranquil and warm atmosphere, construct composite
green noise barriers at key scenic locations. Tweeters are not permitted in the
tourist area, and high-pitched sound is strictly forbidden when entering
automobiles, to limit noise overall. Domestic sewage and rubbish in hotels, nursing
homes, restaurants, and other establishments in the manor must be purified and
disinfected. Pesticides and fertilizers are not allowed to be used in the zone's
agriculture, and sewage cannot be used to irrigate it. An incinerator is utilized for
 the on-site treatment of tourist waste at scenic spots with cumbersome
transportation. The burner uses gasification combustion, which allows rubbish to
be gasified at a low temperature. In the picturesque region, install flushing public
restrooms every 300-500 meters. Domestic and public toilet sewage must be
treated and discharged separately to achieve sewage recycling, sealing, and
harmlessness and sewage discharge systems must be established in major scenic
areas and scenic spots. Solid wastes, such as plastic, glass, cans, and other
materials, should be adequately managed and treated uniformly. Set up a closed
domestic garbage station outside of the tourist area, and place trash cans within a
predetermined distance of scenic spots, recreational areas, and tourist routes.
b. Protection of landscape resources
Natural and cultural landscapes are included in the conservation of
landscape resources. The tourist area's scenery and the natural environment must
be properly protected and cannot be damaged, destroyed, or changed at will. All
structures in the tourism area should be in keeping with the surrounding
environment. Large-scale engineering facilities should not be constructed in tourist
locations with a high concentration of visitors. Simultaneously, the plant variety
structure should be modified to make the forest landscape more numerous,
according to landscape aesthetics principles. It is vital to conduct planned research
and identification of the important landscape, ancient and famous trees in the
scenic area, as well as devise special protection measures. Improve
transportation, service facilities, and tour conditions; evaluate tour reception
capacity in line with the plan; organize tour activities in a planned manner and
refuse to accept large numbers of tourists without constraints. To guarantee the
safety of tourists and the integrity of the scenery, strengthen safety management.
c. Protection of biological resources
Animal and plant resources are both biological resources. In the tourism
area, all biological resources are valuable tourist resources. To attain the goal of
sustainable use of biological resources, biological resource protection must adhere
to the principle of combining protection, cultivation, and rational use. Protecting
forest plant and animal resources not only preserves landscape resources but also
keeps the ecosystem in balance. Avoid damaging or affecting the growth and
reproduction environment of natural vegetation and species during the
 development and construction process, and especially safeguard rare plants and
historic trees.
d. Control of plant diseases and insect pests
Pest management should be done properly while protecting plant
resources. To achieve early prevention and early detection and control, with
biological control as the primary and chemical control as a supplement, it is
necessary to establish a forecasting and forecasting system to determine the
types, hazards, locations, and scales of pests and diseases, order to achieve early
prevention and early detection and control, with biological control as the primary
and chemical control as a supplement, to prevent environmental pollution as much
as possible, and to improve various Ornamental tree species and greening tree
species must be strictly inspected to prevent the
6. Leisure agriculture management planning
a. Financing of leisure agriculture development
Establish a special fund for the development of leisure agriculture by local
conditions, including the development of leisure agriculture resources and product
development in the farm's basic construction plan, and raise the necessary
investment for leisure agriculture construction through multiple channels. State
support, financial subsidies, and bank loans must all be utilized to the fullest extent
possible. To solve the problem, create investment funds, use foreign capital,
collective investment, individual investment, and a variety of financing channels;
establish scientific and reasonable fund-raising methods; open up new investment
channels; and improve the investment efficiency of leisure agriculture.
b. Human resources development plan for leisure agriculture
We frequently make relentless efforts in the training of leisure agricultural
talents as a long-term leisure agriculture basic project. Establish a high-level, high-
quality, professional ethical talent team from leisure agriculture development and
management to tourism services; strengthen ties with successful leisure
agriculture tourism bases and education departments both inside and outside the
province, and train high-level talents on their behalf; establish a training system for
leisure agricultural marketing, planning, and management personnel, and conduct
regular inspections and training on their behalf; Establish a normal talent flow
mechanism and strengthen employee management.
c. Leisure agriculture organization and management system
 The management system should be overseen by the leisure agricultural
department's unified management, with autonomous operations, accounting, and
legal personality. Its primary responsibility is to oversee the overall development,
building, and operation of the leisure agricultural tourism sector.
The institutional framework is essential for the sustainable development of
leisure agriculture. Comprehensive Management Department, Development and
Construction Department, Tourism Management Department, Finance
Department, Security Department, and other departments make up the
organization.
d. Policy measures
To make the administration of the development of leisure agriculture more
scientific, create and refine a series of plans for leisure agricultural development.
Throughout the operation, it will be important to pursue more favorable policies
and financial support from relevant agencies, as well as to prioritize the growth of
leisure agriculture as vital project support.