CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE

ARTS FROM THE REGIONS

Module 1
VARIOUS CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS
AND THEIR PRACTICES FROM THE
VARIOUS REGIONS
LESSON1
 WHAT IS ART?

• Comes from the Latin word “ARS” meaning “SKILL”.

• Can be defined as the expression of creativity and
imagination through various techniques and media
producing works to fulfill a variety of purposes.

• Artists are people who create art. (in any art form)
 MODERN VS. CONTEMPORARY
• It must be recognized that the term modern is a complex one.
• It refers not only to the current moment, but it refers also to an epoch.
- It means both today and the recent past.
• Modern art places value on those things appreciated by Western
society:
- Openness to the new
- Vitality
- Sensitivity, awareness, and relevance to the present situation.
• Contemporary on the other hand is the most recent of the modern.
• Contemporary art is a part of modern art; it is not distinct from it.
 WHAT ARE CONTEMPORARY ARTS?
• Art produced at the present period in time,
includes and develops from postmodern art (mid to
late 20th century), which is itself a successor to
Modern art.
• Statement that an artist makes about life, thoughts,
ideas, beliefs, and many other things that define
human life. Simultaneously reflects the realities
and values of our society, its variety portrays the
mosaic of our cultural diversity is culture.
 WHAT ARE CONTEMPORARY ARTS?
• Contemporary art is the art of today, produced by
artists who are living in the twenty-first century.
• Contemporary art of the 21st century may
combine elements of performance, painting,
sculpture, dance, and many other media.
 WHAT ARE CONTEMPORARY ARTS?
• It draws on the movements of modern art,
including minimalism and assemblage art, to
create dynamic pieces that aim to challenge the
viewer and spark thought.
• Many contemporary artists use their work to
comment on cultural and political issues, including
race, human rights, economic inequality, and
global conflict .
 THE 7 MAJOR CONTEMPORARY ART
FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
1. Music
- Art form that appeals to the sense of hearing,
composed by combining notes into harmony.
Example
• Awit, Panaghoy, (on the poetry and Ninoy Aquino)
by Ramon Santos -
• Ta-O at Dasalan and Pompyang at iba Pa by Chino
Toledo.
 THE 7 MAJOR CONTEMPORARY ART
FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
2. Literature
- Art form of language through the combined use of
words, creating meaning and experience.
Example
• ABNKKBSNPLAko?! by Bob Ong - Bob Ong’s
first book rose to fame for depicting the supposed
unforgettable moments of his life as a student—
from primary years to college days—using a first-
person perspective and conversational writing
techniques.
 THE 7 MAJOR CONTEMPORARY ART
FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
3. Theater
- Art form of performance. Dramatic text is
portrayed on stage by actors and actresses and is
enhanced by props, lights and sounds. Form of art
in which artists use their voices and/or their bodies,
often in relation to other objects, to convey artistic
expression.
Rocking To The “Rak Of Aegis”
the longest running original Pinoy musical in the Philippines.
 THE 7 MAJOR CONTEMPORARY ART
FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
4. Film
- A technological
translation of theater,
special effects are
utilized to enhance
the story telling .

Magnifico
Even though he is not good in school and belongs to a poor and unfortunate family, Magnifico still have a big
heart and a large amount of optimism that enabled him to help not only his family but also the community.
 THE 7 MAJOR CONTEMPORARY ART
FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
5. Dance
• - art of the human form, body is used, mobilized and
choreographed in a specific time, form and space.
Examples:
Tinikling - Philippine dance which involves two individual
performers hitting bamboo poles, using them to beat, tap, and
slide on the ground, in co- ordination with one or more dancers
who steps over and in between poles
Cariñosa - is a Philippine national dance from the María Clara
suite of Philippine folk dances.
 THE 7 MAJOR CONTEMPORARY ART
FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
5. Dance

HALADAYA
FESTIVAL

The northernmost town of Cebu, Daanbantayan, celebrates a festival in honor of the warrior
Datu Daya of Kandaya.
 THE 7 MAJOR CONTEMPORARY ART
FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
5. Dance

Sinulog
Festival

Sinulog-– Dance ritual of the miraculous

 THE 7 MAJOR CONTEMPORARY ART
FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
6. Architecture, Designs and Allied Arts
- structure that meant to
be used as shelter, its art
relies on the design and
purpose of the structure.

LAPU-LAPU’S SHRINE
A 20-meter bronze statue located in the Mactan Shrine in Punta Engaño,
Mactan Island, Cebu.The statue was erected to honor Rajah Lapu-Lapu, the
native chieftain of Mactan Island who defeated Ferdinand Magellan during
historic battle of Mactan in 1521.
 THE 7 MAJOR CONTEMPORARY ART
FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
6. Architecture, Designs and Allied Arts
- structure that meant to
be used as shelter, its art
relies on the design and
purpose of the structure.

Architecture – Burham Park located in Baguio City

 THE 7 MAJOR CONTEMPORARY ART
FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
7. Visual Arts
- Artwork, such as
painting, photography,
or sculpture that
appeals primarily to the
visual sense and
typically exists in
Permanent form
Spoliarium ni Juan Luna
 THE 7 MAJOR CONTEMPORARY ART
FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
7. Visual Arts
- Artwork, such as
painting, photography,
or sculpture that
appeals primarily to the
visual sense and
typically exists in
Permanent form
 THE 7 MAJOR CONTEMPORARY ART
FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
7. Visual Arts
- Artwork, such as
painting, photography,
or sculpture that
appeals primarily to the
visual sense and
typically exists in
Permanent form

Victorio Edades
VARIOUS FORMS OF ARTS
IN THE REGIONS
DANCE
 TINIKLING

A traditional Philippine folk dance which originated during

the Spanish colonial era. Philippine dance which involves
two individual performers hitting bamboo poles, using
them to beat, tap, and slide on the ground, in co-
ordination with one or more dancers who steps over and
in between poles.
 TINIKLING

The dance originated in Leyte, Island in Visayas. It imitates

the movement of the tikling birds as they walk between
grass stems, run over tree branches, or dodge bamboo
traps set by rice farmers."
• Cariñosa - is a Philippine
national dance from the María
Clara suite of Philippine folk CARIÑOSA
dances, where the fan or
handkerchief plays an
instrumental role as it places the
couple in a romance scenario.
• Cariñosa represents the courting
phase of a romantic
relationship, the cariñosa (which
means “affectionate one”) is a
Filipino folk dance that emerges
from Panay, the Visayas and the
Bicol region. the Philippines.
 HALADAYA FESTIVAL
The term “Haladaya” means “an
offering to Datu Daya”. Halad
means “offering” and Daya refers to
the legendary chieftain Datu Daya
whose courage in defeating the
oppressive Moros has admired
many.
• The northernmost town of Cebu, Daanbantayan, celebrates a
festival in honor of the warrior Datu Daya of Kandaya.
• It is used to be a weeklong celebration that commences every
Easter Sunday and ends on the seventh day after.
 SINULOG FESTIVAL
The word Sinulog comes from the
Cebuano adverb sulog, roughly
meaning "like water current
movement;" describing the forward-
backward dance movements. The
dance consists of two steps forward
and one step backward, done to the
sound of drums.

• The Sinulog Festival is a traditional celebration in Cebu City

held every third Sunday of January to honor the Santo Niño
(Child Jesus). Basically, the festival is done by a dance ritual, in
which it tells the story of the Filipino people's pagan past and
their acceptance of Christianity.
DESIGN AND ART
PURPOSE
 LAPU-LAPU’S SHRINE

• LAPU-LAPU’S SHRINE Is a 20-

meter bronze statue located in
the Mactan Shrine in Punta
Engaño, Mactan Island, Cebu.
The statue was erected to honor
Rajah Lapu-Lapu, the native
chieftain of Mactan Island who
defeated Ferdinand Magellan
during historic battle of Mactan
in 1521.
ARCHITECTURE
 BURNHAM PARK
• Burnham Park, officially known as the
Burnham Park Reservation, is a
historic urban park located in
downtown Baguio, Philippines. It was
designed by eponymous American
architect and Baguio city planner,
Daniel Burnham.
It features a man-made lake known as Burnham Lagoon, lawns,
wooded areas, paved pathways and numerous flower beds. The
roses, marigolds, daisies and hollyhocks that thrive in the
temperate environment of Burnham Park are an unusual sight in
the mostly tropical Philippines.
VISUAL ART
 SPOLIARIUM
• The Spoliarium (often
misspelled Spolarium) is a
painting by Filipino
painter Juan Luna. Luna,
working on canvas, spent
eight months completing
the painting which depicts
dying gladiators.
Spoliarium is a Latin word referring to the basement of the Roman
Colosseum where the fallen and dying gladiators are dumped
and devoid of their worldly possessions. At the center of Luna's
painting are fallen gladiators being dragged by Roman soldiers.
 SPOLIARIUM
• The painting was submitted by Luna to
the Exposición Nacional de Bellas Artes in 1884
in Madrid, where it garnered the first gold
medal (out of three). The picture recreates a
despoiling scene in a Roman circus where
dead gladiators are stripped of weapons and
garments. Together with other works of the
Spanish Academy, the Spoliarium was on
exhibit in Rome in April 1884.
 SPOLIARIUM
• In 1886, the painting was sold to the Diputación
Provincial de Barcelona for 20,000 pesetas. It
currently hangs in the main gallery at the first floor
of the National Museum of Fine Arts in Manila, and
is the first work of art that greets visitors upon entry
into the museum. The National Museum considers it
the largest painting in the Philippines with
dimensions of 4.22 meters x 7.675 meters.
 NINE MUSES
Found in UP Diliman's Hardin
ng mga Diwata, Abueva's
"Siyam na Diwata ng Sining"
represents the 9
muses: architecture, dance,
film, literature, music,
painting, photography,
sculpture, and theater.

• Napoleon Abueva, Father of modern Filipino sculpture, the

National Artist of the Philippines
 THE SKETCH, PORTRAIT
OF THE PROFESSOR, AND
POINSETTIA GIRL
Victorio Edades was a key
figure in the history of
Philippine art, counted as
one of the revolutionary
Thirteen Moderns and later
called the Father of Modern
Philippine Painting.
MUSIC INSTRUMENTS OF
FILIPINOS USED
The flat gong
commonly known as
Gangsa and played by
the groups in the
Cordillera region of the
bossed gongs played
among the Islam and
animist groups in the
Southern Philippines.
2. Solibao is hallow
wooden Igorot drug
topped with pig skin or
lizard skin this is played
by striking the drum
head using the palm of
the hand.
3. Tongatong is a
bamboo percussion
instrument used by the
people of Kalinga to
communicate with spirits
during house blessings. It is
made of bamboo cut in
various lengths.
When you hit it against soft earth a certain drone reverberates
though the instrument’s open mouth. When an entire set of
Tongatong is played in interloping rhythm and prolonged with the
tribal chanting, it could put the audience and the dancers in a
trance.
• 4. Diwdiw-asis as
Bantok - 5 or more
different size of
slender bamboo that
is tied together.
• 5. Saggeypo - it is a
bamboo pipe that is closed
on one end by a node with
the open end held against
the lower lip of the player as
he blows directly across the
top. The pipe can be
played individually by one
person or in ensembles of
three or more.
• Bungkaka
- Bamboo buzzer

A bungkaka, also known as the bamboo buzzer is a

percussion instrument made out of bamboo common
in numerous indigenous tribes around the Philippines
such as the Ifugao, Kalinga, and Ibaloi.
• 7. Kulintang - refers to a
racked gong chime
instrument played in the
southern islands of the
Philippines, along with its
varied accompanying
ensembles.
Kulintang refers to the gong and drum ensemble
indigenous to the Sulu and Mindanao islands in the
southern Philippines and northern Borneo. The ensemble
is named after the principal kettle gong instrument.
• 8. Rondalla is performed
on ensembles comprising
mandolin instruments of
various sizes called
banduria composed on
the Iberian tradition.
SONGS PLAYED BY
FILIPINOS
• OPM (Original Pilipino
Music)
- originally referred only to
Philippine pop songs,
particularly ballad.
• Harana and Kundiman
- In the 1920s Harana and
Kundiman became more
mainstream musical.

Classic examples of traditional harana songs are Ruben Tagalog's

“Dungawin Mo,” “Hirang” (“Look Out the Window, My Love”),
and “Kay Lungkot Nitong Hatinggabi” (“How Sorrowful is the
Night”) — all of which are accompanied by a guitar or two.
 Kundiman

• The composer Francisco

Santiago (1889-1947) is
sometimes called the “Father of
Kundiman Art Song.” While his
masterpiece is considered to be
his Concerto in B flat minor for
pianoforte and orchestra, one of
his most significant piece is his
song “Kundiman, (Anak-
Dalita)”, the first Kundiman art
song.
ACTIVITY 1.1
Instruction: Search a sample of a Filipino art (Filipino
artists and the title of their arts) Complete the table below
using the data that you have gathered.
ART FORMS ARTIST TITLE OF THE ART
Film
Visual Arts
Literature
Music
Theater
Dance
Architecture
ACTIVITY 1.2

Consider yourself as a Contemporary Artist in the

21st century. In the seven major forms of
Contemporary arts, select one and explain your
work. Write it on a long bond paper.
QUIZ 1
IDENTIFICATION: Identify the following sentence below.
1. Art which is continuously in process and continues to be produced
during our lifetime is ________..
2. Simultaneously reflects the realities and values of our society, its
variety portrays the mosaic of our cultural diversity is ________.
3. Process by which the artist creates by means of movement, space,
spontaneity, and the uniqueness of the movement is ________.
4. National Artist in Painting in 1976; Father of Modern Filipino Painting is
____.
5. Composed by combining notes into harmony is _________.
6. ________ the longest running original Pinoy musical in the Philippines.
7. _______the first Kundiman art song.
Answer the following.
8. What is art?
9-10 Differentiate: Modern and Contemporary arts.