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English
Quarter 1 -Module 2:
Expressing Obligation
Using Modal Verbs

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English – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 2: Modals of Obligation
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Mary Ann P. Gemota
Editor: Merycris R. Oclarit
Reviewer: Matilde A. Duangon
Layout Artist: Gretchen O. Macapobre
Subject Area Supervisor: Matilde A. Duangon
Management Team: Ronald G. Gutay, Allan B. Matin-aw, Mary Jane J. Powao,
Aquillo A. Rentillosa, Cristina T. Remocaldo
ADM Coordinator: Ryan B. Redoblado

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Region VII – Central Visayas

Office Address: Department of Education – Carcar City Division
Learning Resources Management Section
P. Nellas St., Poblacion III, Carcar City, Cebu
Telefax: (032) 487- 8495
E-mail Address: [email protected]

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 9

English
Quarter 1- Module 2:
Expressing Obligation
Using Modal Verbs

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the English 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Modals of Obligation!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the English 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Modals of Obligation!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled into process
what you learned from the lesson.

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 What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master the appropriate communicative styles. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The
lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the
order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the
textbook you are now using.

The module contains;

 Lesson 2 – Modals of Obligation.
 Expressing obligation using modal verbs.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Use modals of obligation correctly.
2. Write sentences using modals of obligation.

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 What I Know

Activity 1: Choose the best!

Read the following sentences and choose the correct verb to complete
these sentences.

1. You _______ come to the conference but it would help us if you are
there.
a. don’t have to b. mustn’t
2. I can’t get an internet connection to my phone. _____ I borrow yours?
a. Have to b. Can
3. The rules say that you ____ only invite one guest to the club.
a. have to b. can
4. I ____ stay on for few hours because I’d rather work late today than
over the weekend.
a. must b. have to
5. There’s a lot of noise coming from outside. ____ I close the door?
a. Must b. Could
6. You _____ start saving money in your bank if you want to retire early.
a. have to b. can
7. Did they tell you that you _____ come into this area. It’s restricted to
staff only.
a. can’t b. don’t have to
8. We _____ be there fifteen minutes before the concert starts.
a. can b. have to
9. I ____ be on time, my class is waiting.
a. have b. must
10. We ____ to be at the airport at least two hours before the flight.
a. Must b. have

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Lesson

2 Modals of Obligation

What’s In

There are words inside the box that are related to modals. This
time let’s check how familiar you are with these words.

Task 1: Vocabulary: Word Charge Activity

Write O beside the number if the pair of words are opposite in
meaning and S if it is similar in meaning.

Words

1. Possible Probable

2. Obligation Necessity

3. Giving Permission Requesting permission

4. Recommended Advised

5. Advisability Thoughtlessness

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 What’s New

Task 2: Advice Me!

1. He is Rudy. He belongs to the poorest family in town. He stopped

schooling because of poverty. Supposed, Rudy is your friend, what
advice(s) will you give him?
Write at least 2 advices for Rudy.

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Advice A: ______________________________________________________

Advice B: ______________________________________________________

2. Do you think Rudy needs to follow your advices? Provide reasons for
your advices.

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

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 What is It

What are
modals of
obligation?

Modals of Obligation
When we talk about obligation in English, we can use “must”, “have to”,
“need to” and “can’t”.

Modals of Obligation Functions and example

To say something is We use “must” to talk about obligations. Often, when

necessary we use “must”, the authority for the obligation comes
from the person who is speaking.
Examples:
“You must do your homework every night.” (Because I
a. must say you must!)
“I must stop smoking!” (Because I think it’s a good
idea to stop.)

Remember that “must” is a modal auxiliary verb. This

means that it doesn’t change its ending (I must, he
must, etc) and that it’s followed by the infinitive
without ‘to’. (“You must phone me” not “You must
phone me”.)

We can also use “have to” to talk about rules and

regulations. The authority for the obligation doesn’t
come from the person who is speaking. Perhaps the
rule is a general law or obligation.
“In England you have to pay tax.”
b. Have to “We have to check everyone’s ID.”
“Have to” is a normal verb. Use “do” or “does” to make
a question, and “don’t” or “doesn’t” to make a
negative.
“Do you have to vote in an election?”
“He doesn’t have to wear a uniform to school.

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 “Have got to” is common in British English and is
stronger than “have to”.

“I have got to fill in this form. The deadline is

tomorrow.”
c. Have got to “She has got to study hard to pass the exam.”
To make the question and negative form, use “have”,
“has”, “haven’t” and “hasn’t”:

“Have you got to leave early tomorrow?”

We use “need to” to talk about what is necessary.

Examples:

“You need to go to the hairdresser’s. Your hair is very

long.”
d. Need to “She needs to go to the doctor. She gets headaches
every day.”
“Need to” is like “have to”: use do / does to make
questions:
“Do you need to pass an exam to get into university?”
“Does she need to get a job?”

To say something Examples:

isn’t an obligation
“You don’t have to bring food on the trip.”
To say there is no “She doesn’t have to work in the evening.”
obligation, use “don’t
“I don’t need to pay now. I can pay later.”
/ doesn’t have to” or
“They don’t need to speak English in their job.”
“don’t / doesn’t need
to”. Typical grammar mistake! Be careful when you use
“don’t have to”. It does not mean the same as
“mustn’t”.

To say something is
forbidden

To say that there is

“You mustn’t play here – it’s dangerous!”
an obligation not to
“He mustn’t eat peanuts. He’s allergic to nuts.”
do something, use
“mustn’t”.

We can also use “You can’t go out tonight. You’ve got homework.”
“can’t”:

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 Should is a weak obligation, and we use it to give
advice.

“You should study hard so you can pass the exam.”

should
“He should see a doctor.”
The negative form is “shouldn’t”:
“You shouldn’t smoke. It’s bad for your health.”

What’s More

Task 3: Check Me Up!

Read the instructions given and do what is asked.
Instructions:
1. You are a doctor and a patient of yours has a severe cough.
2. You will recommend or advice your patient.
3. Write three (3) recommendations using the modal MUST and
another three (3) recommendations using SHOULD.
4. Write your answers on a (½ crosswise) sheet of paper.

Doctor’s Name: __________________________________

Modal: MUST
Recommendations:

1. ________________________________________________

2. ________________________________________________

3. ________________________________________________

Modal: SHOULD
Recommendations:

4. ________________________________________________

5. ________________________________________________

6. ________________________________________________

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 What I Have Learned

Congratulations!
Since you have reached this far in our lesson, you deserved to be commended
for your hard work.

Task 4: Write Me Up

Take a look at the pictures. Write two sentences about the picture in
each item on why we need to:
Note: Remember to use the modals of obligation in your answers.

1. Keep fit

Source: https://bit.ly/31LEfeo

Sentence 1.______________________________________________________
Sentence 2.______________________________________________________

2. wear uniform

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Sentence 1.______________________________________________________
Sentence 2.______________________________________________________

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3. have passport

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Sentence 1.______________________________________________________
Sentence 2.______________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Task 5 A: Rules are Rules!

You are elected as the SSG (Supreme Students Government) president.
As president, write at least five rules or agreement for your schoolmates to
follow.
1.
2.`
3.
4.
5.

Task 5 B: Complete Me
Complete the following sentences with what you have learned in this
module.
Summing up what I learned in my journey through this lesson, it enables
me to

___________________________________________________________________________

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This made me realize that
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Through this, I therefore commit

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Assessment

Activity 6: Check the Best!

I. Please read and analyze the sentences carefully and check the best
answer.
1. Can you tell Deborah that she must __ me tomorrow?
calls
call
to call

2. __ pay in advance?

Do we must
Do we to must
Must we

3. He __ learn to read and write his name before he goes to school.

must
musts
must to

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 4. We have __ early tomorrow.
to leave
leave
leaves
5. __ wear a uniform?
Has he to
Does he has to
Does he have to
6. I __ get up early tomorrow.
haven't to
don't have to
don't to
7. She __ work at the weekend.
need
need to
needs to
8. You __ play football here. It's dangerous.
don't have to
don't need to
mustn't
9. We __ attend all the lessons. We can choose.
don't have to
mustn't
can't

10. I __ forget to call him tonight.

don't have to
mustn't
mustn't to

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B. Look at the picture carefully. Write two sentences about the picture why
we need to eat fresh vegetables.

______________________________________
______________________________________
C. Direction: Supply the most appropriate modal to complete each
sentence. Choose your answer from the box.

Must Should

A strong family unit ________________ create a safe, positive, and

supportive place for all members to thrive. Family members ___________
understand that they have important roles to perform in keeping the family
strong. And there _____________ be a strong foundation or it will become
chaotic. Children _____________ obey their parents and parents ___________
respect their children, too. Also, members of the family _________ be able to
develop their morality practices together.

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 Additional Activities

Directions: Write paragraphs about “Why students should follow rules in

school”. Remember to use modals of obligation.

“Why students should follow rules in school”

_____________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

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 Answer Key

Activity 1: Task 1:
CHOOSE THE BEST WORD CHARGE ACTIVITY

1. A 1. S
2. B 2. S
3. B 3. O
4. B 4. S
5. B 5. O
6. A
7. A TASK 3: CHECK ME UP
8. B
9. A 1. MUST
10. B 2 SHOULD
2. MUST
3. MUST
4. SHOULD
5. SHOULD

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References
 https://www.english-at-home.com/grammar-modals-obligation/

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region VII – Central Visayas

Office Address: Department of Education – Carcar City Division
Learning Resources Management Section
P. Nellas St., Poblacion III, Carcar City, Cebu
Telefax: (032) 487- 8495
E-mail Address: [email protected]

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For teachers only (English 9 – Module 2 Answer Key)

ASSESSMENT

Task 6: CHECK THE BEST!

1. Call
2. Must we
3. Must
4. To leave
5. Does he has to
6. Don’t have to
7. Needs to
8. Mustn’t
9. Don’t have to
10. Mustn’t

B. ANSWERS MAY VARY

C.
1. MUST
2. SHOULD
3 SHOULD
4 MUST
5.SHOULD
6. MUST

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