Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

11 Zest for Progress

Z Peal of artnership

Earth and Life Science

Quarter 2 – Module 7:
Interaction and Interdependence

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
Name of School: ___________________________
 Module
Interaction and
7 Interdependence

What I Need to Know

When you were studying Biology in Grade 10, you have learned about how species diversity increases
the probability of adaptation and survival of organisms in changing environment. You have also learned about
the relationship between population growth and carrying capacity. But, do you know the underlying factors
that affect population growth of species? Is there any condition that limit the increasing population trend
through time?
This module will provide you with information and simple activities that will help you understand how
these factors affect species population explosion.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Categorize the different biotic potential and environmental resistance (e.g. diseases, availability of
food, and predators) that affect population explosion. (S11/12LT-IVhj-29)

There’s more information to come in this module about Interaction and Interdependence in the
Ecosystem. What are you waiting for? Grab your pen and let the fun of learning begins.
Living on earth alone is hard to imagine. Looking at the environment and the interaction among living
things is a manifestation that we are born with companion - other species. All organisms either those cannot
be seen by the naked eye or bigger than an elephant has one thing in common that is to interact/depend with
other species and to the abiotic resources within the ecosystem.

What’s In
Activity 1. Imagining your place

Directions: Encircle the ecosystem/s that is/are present in your area. Answer the following
guide questions below based on the ecosystem/s you have chosen.

Source: http://www.ScienceABC.com Source: http://www.ThoughtCo.com

 Guide question #2: Guide question #3:
Guide question #1:
Do you think those What food do they
Are there any plants &
three living things need for them to
animals in the
that you identified sustain life?
ecosystem? Identify at
need each other to
most 3 of them that 7-9. ______________
survive and
you have observed.
reproduce? Why?
__________________
1._________________ __________________
4-6.______________
2._________________ __________________
3._________________ __________________ __________________
__________________ __________________
__________________ _
Try to answer the succeeding activities to gain more knowledge about ecosystems and some factors
that affect population growth of species.

What’s New
In the previous activity, you identified few organisms interacting with each other in the
ecosystem and what they need to survive. In life, we never expect a happy ending. That is true to our ecosystem
as well. Every day, humans are bombarded with so many problems in life but how about we look at the
underlying problems of other species? Do they really have problems too?
Activity 2. Your reaction matters.
Directions: Study the following photographs below which show the status of our
ecosystems today. Then, answer the following questions in the box.
Your Answers:

1-3. What is the problem portrayed in each picture?

__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
4.6. What are the reasons/causes of this change in our
Source: www.IUCN.org ecosystems today?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
7-9. Is the population growth of each species affected by the
problem? Why?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Source: www.Sunstar.com.ph
__________________________________________________
Source: www.Thesundaynews.com 10-12. As human being, are you liable in some way on what
happened to our ecosystem nowadays? Why?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
 Well done! You have identified the problems of species in the ecosystem and you also noticed the
current state of the environment which human beings contributed much of the problem. You may now proceed
to the next activity.

Score: ___ / 15
Activity 3. Categorizing the factors of Human population growth

Directions: Read the text below to know the several factors that affect population explosion. All you need to
do is to group the following factors into two categories: A. Biotic potential, B. Environmental resistance or C.
Population explosion. Write your answer on the space given after each item. Don’t forget to answer the guide
question after the activity.

Note:

Biotic potential- is the ability of a population of living species to increase under ideal environmental
conditions

Environmental resistance- factors are all the things that keep a population of organisms from
endlessly increasing.

Population explosion- is a result when all conditions favorable to the population occurs for an
extended period of time.

Factors affecting Population explosion

1. Covid-19 pandemic. _____________________________

2. Goat can have 1-3 offsprings while chicken can have 5 or more eggs in one
reproduction period. _________________________
3. Human beings have only 1 reproduction cycle per year. ________________________
4. A cat eats the rat. _________________________
5. Due to improved nutrition, sanitation, and medical care, humans have a continuing
high birth rate and a low death rate. ____________

Guide questions:

6. What is the difference between Biotic potential and Environmental resistance? (Underline the letter of the
correct answer)

A. Biotic potential limits the population explosion while Environmental resistance promotes population
growth.
B. Biotic potential promotes the population explosion while Environmental resistance limits population
growth.
7. Does Environmental resistance decrease or increase the population growth of species? _____.

8-9. Why?

_____________________________________________________________________________
10-12. Do you think regulation of population growth due to these factors is beneficial? ______.

What are the three (3) advantages if we limit the population growth of certain species? (Put a check of the correct
answer below)

It prevents rapid population growth of species.

It prevents food scarcity among species in the ecosystem.

It prevents unstable ratio of prey and predator populations in the ecosystem.

It prevents ecosystem from reaching its maximum carrying capacity.

You are now aware of so many factors that affect population explosion. You are now ready to know
more about ecosystem. I want you to proceed to the next activity for more details about the principles
governing ecosystem’ species interaction.

Activity 4. Make a match.

Directions: Study each item below. Match the words in column A with the corresponding idea in Column
B. (1 point each)

Column A Column B

___1. Terrestrial ecosystem a. It refers to the particular pattern of inter-

relationships that exists between organisms in an
ecosystem.
___2. Aquatic ecosystem b. Lakes, rivers and streams

___3. Nutrient cycling c. Energy is required to transform inorganic

nutrients into organic tissues of an organism.

___4. Energy flow d. Movement of chemical elements from the

environment into living organisms and from them
back into the environment through organisms live,
grow, die and decompose.
___5. Structure e. Grassland, Tropical rainforest, Desert
___6. A. Photic zone f. Sufficient sunlight is available for photosynthesis
and is the basis of the food chain;
___7. Aphotic zone g. Made up of the sediment that can be composed of
sand/silt/clay and organic/inorganic materials.

___8. Benthic zone h. Sunlight cannot penetrate and food chain is based
on non-photosynthetic activities.
___9. Biotic components of an ecosystem i. Producers, Consumers & Decomposers

Thank you for completing the first set of activities in this module. Gear yourself up because you are
about to learn more of the lesson content in the next part, ‘What is It’.
 What is it
In activity 1, you did the activity to recall different species present in your environment and to know
also their way of interaction towards other species for survival. The predators need to eat other prey to sustain
their living. Also, species is dependent on the non-living resources present in the area they occupied.

In, activity 2, 3, 4, you were introduced to the problems/issues that affect species population growth.
Due to these problems, you realized also other biotic potential and environmental resistance factors. In activity
5, you were introduced also to the underlying principles of ecosystem which govern the interaction and
interdependence of every species.

Ecosystem
The ecosystem is the structural and functional unit that is
studied in ecology. It is a unit consisting of all plants, animals
and micro-organisms (Biotic factors) functioning together with
all of the non-living physical (Abiotic) factors present in the
environment.
Biotic components of an ecosystem consisting the, a.
Producers (Autotrophs): All green plants capable of producing
their own food through Photosynthesis, b. Consumers: They
consume the organic compounds in plant and animal tissues by
eating. E.g. Herbivores (plant feeders), Carnivores (meat eaters),
Omnivores (general feeders), and c. Decomposers: They are tiny
organisms includes bacteria and fungi, which turn organic Figure 1. Ecosystem
Source: http://wwwzmescience.com
compounds in dead plants and animals into inorganic materials.
On the other hand, Abiotic components form the environment and determine the type / structure of ecosystem.
E.g. Sunlight (temperature), Nutrients, Water, etc.

Three major principles governing the ecosystem

2. Nutrient cycling: Movement of chemical elements from the environment into living organisms and
from them back into the environment through organisms live, grow, die and decompose.
3. Energy flow: Energy is required to transform inorganic nutrients into organic tissues of an organism.
Energy is the driving force to the work of ecosystem.
4. Structure: It refers to the particular pattern of inter-relationships that exists between organisms in an
ecosystem.
Factors affecting Population explosion

Population explosion is a result when all conditions favorable to the population occurs for an extended
period of time. The rate of population growth is dependent on Biotic potential and Environmental resistance.

Biotic potential

Biotic potential is the ability of a population of living species to increase under ideal environmental
conditions. Biotic potential measures how well a species has adapted to survive.

Determining factors for Biotic potential

1. Number of Reproductive Events:

A. Semelparity – Organisms can produce all their offspring in one reproductive event. Common in
insects and some invertebrates, salmon, bamboo grasses and agave plants. They reproduce only once
and die.
B. Iteroparity – Pattern of repeated reproduction at intervals; common in most vertebrates and
perennial plants such as trees.

2. The number of offspring produced each time an organism reproduces.

-A lemming produces about six to eight offspring in one litter. A blue whale only produces one
offspring at a time.

3. The number of offspring that survive to sexual maturity/adulthood.

-The more offspring that survive to an age where they are able to reproduce, the greater a population
will increase.

4. The age at which the organism first reproduces.

-The younger (earlier) an organism can get busy producing offspring, the faster its population will
increase. A lemming is ready to reproduce (is sexually mature) at about three weeks old. In contrast, a
blue whale is sexually mature at about ten years old.

It demonstrates further that smaller organisms have a higher capacity for population explosion thus
they have higher biotic potential compare to larger organisms. But environmental factors can change this
assumption like for example, human beings. There are about 7.8 billion humans on Earth. Humans is expected
to have a lower biotic potential than most other organisms and yet, human population continues to grow
steadily. This is because we have mechanisms for preventing and treating diseases, the ability to grow and
produce food, and humans lack natural predators.

Environmental resistance

Environmental resistance factors are all the things that keep a population of organisms from endlessly
increasing. They lower the chances for reproduction, affect the health of organisms, and raise the death rate
in the population. Environmental resistance factors include factors that are biotic (living) and abiotic (non-
living). Environmental resistance keeps it from increasing rapidly.

Biotic factors:

a. Predation- It refers to an interaction between species in which one species, the predator, kills and eats
the other, the prey. If a predator captures more food as the population density of the prey increases.
b. Competition for resources- It is an interaction that occurs when individuals of different species
compete for a resource that limits their growth and survival. Increasing population density intensifies
competition for nutrients and other resources, reducing reproductive rates. Weeds growing in a garden
compete with garden plants for soil nutrients and water.
 c. Disease- In humans, the respiratory diseases influenza (flu)
and tuberculosis are spread through the air when an infected
person sneezes or coughs. Both diseases strike a greater
percentage of people in densely populated cities than in
rural areas.
d. Parasitism- A symbiotic interaction in which one organism,
the parasite, derives its nourishment from another organism,
its host, which is harmed in the process. Parasites can
significantly affect the survival, reproduction, and density
of their host population, either directly or indirectly. Figure 2. COVID-19 pandemic
Source: CAMPBELL BIOLOGY 9th edition., (2011)

Abiotic factors include drought, fire, temperature, and even the wrong amount of sunshine.

Overall, population regulation has many practical

applications. Farmers may want to reduce the abundance of
insect pests or stop the growth of an invasive weed that is
spreading rapidly. Management programs based on
population-regulating factors have helped prevent the
extinction of many endangered species.

No other population of large animals has likely ever

sustained so much growth for so long. Human population
doubled to 1 billion within the next two centuries, doubled
again to 2 billion by 1930, and doubled still again by 1975 to
more than 4 billion. Currently the population grows by more
Figure 3. Annual percent increase in the
than 200,000 people each day. Population ecologists predict
global human population (data as of 2009)
a population of 7.8–10.8 billion people on Earth by the year Source: CAMPBELL BIOLOGY 9th edition.,
2050. This departure is the result of fundamental changes in (2011)
population dynamics due to diseases, including COVID-19
who recently kills hundreds of people worldwide.

Mostly, an ecosystem is naturally made but there are also man-made ecosystems such as orchards,
zoo, botanical gardens, etc. Natural ecosystem has two classifications namely: Terrestrial and Aquatic.

Terrestrial ecosystem:

The diversity of animal life and subdominant plant forms characteristic of each ecosystem is generally
controlled by abiotic environmental conditions and the productivity of the dominant vegetation.

A. Arctic and Alpine Tundra F. Boreal Coniferous Forest, or TAIGA

B. Temperate Deciduous Forest G. Grassland
C. Desert H. Chaparral
D. Tropical savanna I. Tropical rainforest
E. Temperate rainforests J. Coniferous forests

Aquatic Ecosystem:

Aquatic organisms are affected primarily by the water’s depth, temperature, flow, and amount of dissolved
nutrients. Since oceans comprise about 75% of the Earth’s surface, oceans have an enormous impact on the
biosphere. Characteristics of aquatic biomes is based on the Vertical stratification of physical and chemical
variables:

A. Photic zone – Sufficient sunlight is available for photosynthesis and is the basis of the food chain;
B. Aphotic zone – Sunlight cannot penetrate and food chain is based on non-photosynthetic activities.
C. At the bottom of all aquatic biomes is the Benthic zone that can be made up of the sediment that can
be composed of sand/silt/clay and organic/inorganic materials. Animals living in the benthic zone are called
BENTHOS.

Two types of Aquatic ecosystem

1. FRESHWATER
There are three general categories: a. Standing bodies of water (Example: lakes and ponds) b.
Moving bodies of water (Example: rivers and streams) c. Wetlands
2. MARINE
Marine regions cover about three-fourths of the Earth’s surface and include deep sea/oceanic
communities, near shore communities (coral reefs, sea grass beds, mangrove forests) and estuaries.

Do the next activity to know more about the population growth of Filipino people through time.

What’s More

Activity 5. Make an action today.

Directions: Read the text below and choose one (1) man-made environmental resistance factors that you want
to solve. Given that you have the power and resources to do so. Make an action plan (a detailed narrative)
about how you are going to solve that problem in the space given below. Make it sure that your action plan
has the following components: Description of the problem, Type of ecosystem, Objectives, Procedure/ Step-
to-step process, Timeline of the activities, Budget, Expected outputs/results. Refer to Table1 for your rubric.

Environmental resistance (Abiotic) that affect population explosion

1. Diseases
2. Availability of food
3. Habitat Pollution

Action plan template:

Description of the problem

Objectives, Procedure/ Step-to-step process

Timeline of the activities

Expected outputs/results

Table1. Adapted action plan rubric:

 Item Not attained (2 Slightly attained Completely
points) (3 points) attained (5 points)
Plan has a clear and detailed statement of
the problem & objectives
Provides a comprehensive discussion on
the problem/issues
Identifies all the necessary people and
funds to facilitate implementation
Plan is feasible given the resources and
manpower support.
Provides a timeline of clearly defined steps
and activities to implement the plan and
achieve the stated objectives

Your action plan: NOTE: Use other sheet of paper for this activity.

Thank you for responding to our call for action. Hand in hand, there is no problem that cannot be
solved. Try answering the next for more knowledge about ecosystem.

Activity 6. Making a graph

Directions: Using the historical data of Philippine population from 2016-2019, you construct a graph with
time on the x-axis and population on the Y- axis. Use the space given below. Don’t forget to answer the
guide questions below.

For items 1-10.

Data: Graph:

Year Population
(in millions)
2016 103.664
2017 105.173
2018 106.651
2019 108.117
Source: CEIC

Guide questions:

11-15. The population is increasing rapidly as time goes by. Would you like to promote Reproductive Health
law here in the Philippines? Why? Why not?

_______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

Do the next activity to add more knowledge about Factors affecting Population explosion.

What I Have Learned

Activity 7. Arrange it.

Directions: Make a list of at most four (4) factors which affect population explosion. You need to categorize
those factors either Biotic potential or Environmental resistance. Evaluate each factor whether it limits or
promotes population growth. Write your answers in the space provided below.

Example: 1. COVID-19 - Environmental resistance - limits population growth

1-3. _____________________ - _________________________ - ____________________

4-6. _____________________ - _________________________ - ____________________
7-9. _____________________ - _________________________ - ____________________
10-12. _____________________ - _________________________ - ____________________

Way to go! Now that you are already equipped with enough knowledge and understanding on Biotic
Potential and Environmental resistance that affect Population explosion of species, you can now proceed to
the next activity.

What I Can Do
Activity 8. Our care to Mother Earth

Directions: Make an essay about human activities that affect directly or indirectly our ecosystems. Post it in
your Facebook timeline or in your house wall where visitors can see your activity outputs.
Item 2 3 5
poi poin poi
nt ts nt

Table 2. Rubric for Essay

Thank you for sharing your knowledge. Now, you can already answer the assessment to evaluate how
much you have learned from the different activities in this module. Good luck!
 Assessment
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on the space provided before each
number. (1 point each)

1. Deforestation is common problem in most terrestrial ecosystem on earth. How can it affect the
species population growth?
A. It lessens the amount of food available and habitat for species.
B. It decreases the number of predator eating prey in the forest.
C. It increases the agricultural profit of human population.
D. It damages the shelter of many birds.
2. A species which has high Biotic potential can increases population growth of species. Which of the
following belongs to Biotic potential factors?
A. Availability of food B. Diseases C. Predators d. Number of reproductive cycle
3. What is the relationship between Biotic potential and Environmental resistant factors in relation to
population explosion of certain species?
A. Biotic potential factors lessen the birth rate of species population while Environmental resistance
promotes rapid population growth.
B. Both Biotic potential and Environmental resistance factors limit the population growth of
species.
C. Biotic potential factors increase the reproduction capacity of species while Environmental
resistance limits the population growth.
D. Both Biotic potential and Environmental resistance increase the reproduction capacity of species
thus promoting population growth.
4. Presence of predator in the ecosystem limit the population growth of the prey. What happens to the
population of the predator in the area?
A. It decreases C. It is the same with the prey
B. It increases rapidly D. It does not change at all
5. Why human beings need to take action to solve climate change before it’s too late?
A. To be part of the group of celebrities advocating such thing
B. To save the economic loss brought by Climate change
C. To create a sustainable resources and habitat for species survival
D. To instill cooperation among political leader worldwide
6. All aquatic organisms are affected primarily by the following EXCEPT
A. water’s depth
B. temperature
C. amount of dissolved nutrients
D. Lunar cycle
7. The sun is the source of energy of almost all organisms on earth. The producer (Grasses) receives
high level of energy from the sun while the consumers (Carabao) get smaller amount of energy.
Which principle of ecosystem this idea belong?
A. Energy flow
B. Nutrient cycling
C. Structure
D. Carrying capacity
8. Animal poaching and Deforestation have led species population decline through years. Which
plants/animals are deeply affected by these two human activities?
A. Rhinoceros and Birds
B. Ants and Chickens
 C. Humans and Monkeys
D. Goat and Carabao
9. COVID-19 pandemic causes loss of more than 900 thousands human lives and it still growing. What
environmental resistance this factor may fall?
A. Calamity
B. Disease
C. Food shortage
D. Predator
10. How human beings contributed to the decline population of other species like Tarsier and Tamaraw
in the Philippines?
I. Deforestation III. Poaching
II. Improper waste disposal IV. Burning of plastics
A. I and III B. Only I C. Only III D. I, II,III, & IV

11. Humans is expected to have a lower Biotic potential than most other organisms and yet, human
population continues to grow steadily. This is because we have mechanisms for
I. preventing and treating diseases
II. growing and producing food
III. fighting and dealing with natural predators
A. Only II B. Both I & III C. Only III D. I, II, III
12. Availability of food is one of the Environmental resistance that limit population growth of animal
species. What are the causes of food shortage among organisms?
A. Predation & Diseases
B. Competition & Habitat loss
C. Calamity & Parasitism
D. Animal poaching and Deforestation
13. Which of the following is NOT part of the Biotic potential factors affecting population explosion?
A. The age at which the organism first reproduces.
B. The number of offspring died due to diseases.
C. The number of offspring produced each time an organism reproduces.
D. Number of reproductive events:
14. Which of the following terrestrial ecosystems has temperature and humidity that are relatively high
through the year and the flora is highly diverse?
A. Tundra
B. Grassland
C. Desert
D. Tropical rainforest
15. Predation refers to an interaction between species in which one species, the predator, kills and eats
the other, the prey. If a predator captures more food as the population of the prey _______.
A. Increases B. Decreases C. Unaffected D. Wipes out

Answer Key
References
Book:
Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry , Michael L. Cain Maine, Steven A. Wasserman , Peter V. Minorsky
, Dobbs Ferry, and Robert B. Jackson (2011). CAMPBELL BIOLOGY 9th edition., 2008,
2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

K-12 Earth and Life Science Teacher Guide

Website:

How Is Biotic Potential Determined? (2016, March 16). Retrieved from https://study.com/academy/lesson/how-is-
biotic-potential-determined.html.

Environmental Resistance: Definition, Factors & Examples. (2016, October 19). Retrieved from
https://study.com/academy/lesson/environmental-resistance-definition-factors-examples.html.

Basic Principles of Ecosystem Functioning retrieved from

https://www.academia.edu/2072414/basic_principles__of_ecosystem_functioning

Philippine population. Retrieved from https:/www.ceicdata.com

Basic Principles of Ecosystem. Retrieved from http://www.csbs.edu.hk/subject/geog/information/ppt/Ecosystem.ppt

Population Explosion: Definition and Causes of Rapid Population Growth. Retrieved from
https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/essay/population-explosion-definition-and-causes-of-rapid-population-
growth/29330

The Freshwater Biome. Retrieved from http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibits/biomes/freshwater.php 1.

ECOLOGY. Retrieved from http://www.goldiesroom.org/Note %20Packets/22%20Ecology/ 00%20Ecology--

WHOLE.htm

Images:

Forest. Retrieved September 9, 2020 http://www.ThoughtCo.com

Ocean. Retrieved September 9, 2020 http://www.ScienceABC.com
Deforestation. Retrieved September 9, 2020 http://www.IUCN.org
Fish kill. Retrieved September 9, 2020 http://www.Sunstar.com.ph
Predation. Retrieved September 9, 2020 http://www.Thesundaynews.com
Figure 1. Retrieved September 9, 2020 http://wwwzmescience.com
Figure 2. Retrieved September 9, 2020 Book-CAMPBELL BIOLOGY 9th edition., (2011)
Figure 3. Retrieved September 9, 2020 Book-CAMPBELL BIOLOGY 9th edition., (2011)
Grassland ecosystem Retrieved September 9, 2020 http://www.exploringnature.org/graphics/
foodwebs/savannah_foodweb72.jpg
Action plan rubric. Retrieved September 9, 2020 http://www.ed.final.gov
Essay rubric. http://www.rcampus.com
Teacher cartoon. Retrieved September 9, 2020 http://www.pngfind.com
 Development Team Mi Ultimo Adios
Writer: Jerson A. Genovia
¡Adiós, Patria adorada, región del sol querida,
Perla del mar de oriente, nuestro perdido Edén!
Editors: Margie Lou C. Jacob A darte voy alegre la triste mustia vida,
Laarni A. Adonis Y fuera más brillante, más fresca, más florida,
También por ti la diera, la diera por tu bien.
Kathleen Joy B. Padilla
Joly C. Baradero En campos de batalla, luchando con delirio,
Otros te dan sus vidas sin dudas, sin pesar;
El sitio nada importa, ciprés, laurel o lirio,
Reviewer: Sandy R. Albarico Cadalso o campo abierto, combate o cruel martirio,
Lo mismo es si lo piden la patria y el hogar.
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Yo muero cuando veo que el cielo se colora
Management Team: Y al fin anuncia el día tras lóbrego capuz;
si grana necesitas para teñir tu aurora,
Majarani M. Jacinto, CESO VI Vierte la sangre mía, derrámala en buen hora
SDS-ZDS Y dórela un reflejo de su naciente luz.

Mis sueños cuando apenas muchacho adolescente,

Visminda Q. Valde, Ed.D Mis sueños cuando joven ya lleno de vigor,
Fueron el verte un día, joya del mar de oriente,
ASDS Secos los negros ojos, alta la tersa frente,
Sin ceño, sin arrugas, sin manchas de rubor
Raymond M. Salvador, Ed.D Ensueño de mi vida, mi ardiente vivo anhelo,
ASDs ¡Salud te grita el alma que pronto va a partir!
¡Salud! Ah, que es hermoso caer por darte vuelo,
Morir por darte vida, morir bajo tu cielo,
Juliet M. Magallanes, Ed.D Y en tu encantada tierra la eternidad dormir.
CID Chief
Si sobre mi sepulcro vieres brotar un día
Entre la espesa yerba sencilla, humilde flor,
Florencio R. Caballero, DTE Acércala a tus labios y besa al alma mía,
EPS-LRMDS Y sienta yo en mi frente bajo la tumba fría,
De tu ternura el soplo, de tu hálito el calor.

Sandy R. Albarico Deja a la luna verme con luz tranquila y suave,

Deja que el alba envíe su resplandor fugaz,
EPS -Science Deja gemir al viento con su murmullo grave,
Y si desciende y posa sobre mi cruz un ave,
Deja que el ave entone su cántico de paz.

Deja que el sol, ardiendo, las lluvias evapore

Y al cielo tornen puras, con mi clamor en pos;
Deja que un ser amigo mi fin temprano llore
Y en las serenas tardes cuando por mí alguien ore,
¡Ora también, oh Patria, por mi descanso a Dios!

Ora por todos cuantos murieron sin ventura,

Por cuantos padecieron tormentos sin igual,
Por nuestras pobres madres que gimen su amargura;
Por huérfanos y viudas, por presos en tortura
Y ora por ti que veas tu redención final.

Y cuando en noche oscura se envuelva el cementerio

Y solos sólo muertos queden velando allí,
No turbes su reposo, no turbes el misterio,
Tal vez acordes oigas de cítara o salterio,
Soy yo, querida Patria, yo que te canto a ti.

Y cuando ya mi tumba de todos olvidada

No tenga cruz ni piedra que marquen su lugar,
Deja que la are el hombre, la esparza con la azada,
Y mis cenizas, antes que vuelvan a la nada,
El polvo de tu alfombra que vayan a formar.

Entonces nada importa me pongas en olvido.

Tu atmósfera, tu espacio, tus valles cruzaré.
Vibrante y limpia nota seré para tu oído,
Aroma, luz, colores, rumor, canto, gemido,
Constante repitiendo la esencia de mi fe.

Mi patria idolatrada, dolor de mis dolores,

Querida Filipinas, oye el postrer adiós.
Ahí te dejo todo, mis padres, mis amores.
Voy donde no hay esclavos, verdugos ni opresores,
Donde la fe no mata, donde el que reina es Dios.

Adiós, padres y hermanos, trozos del alma mía,

Amigos de la infancia en el perdido hogar,
Dad gracias que descanso del fatigoso día;
Adiós, dulce extranjera, mi amiga, mi alegría,
Adiós, queridos seres, morir es descansar.

José Rizal, 1896