References: TECHNOLOGY and LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 8 K-12 Edition Fe S.J. Mangalindan, Et Al. Page 179-186

LEARNING MODULE IN TLE 8 – AGRICULTURAL ARTS
Name: _____________________________________ Section: ____________

Melc: Perform the methods of germinating seeds and transplanting.
Topic: Proper Methods of Germinating Seeds of Fruit Trees and Selection of Planting Materials
Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you will learn to:
a. identify the methods of geminating seeds of fruit trees
b. enumerate the factors that influence the selection of planting materials
b. practice transplanting fruit tree seedlings
References: TECHNOLOGY and LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 8 K- 12 edition Fe S.J. Mangalindan, et al. page 179-186
Most fruit trees are germinated in seedbeds before they are transplanted to the field.
Many varieties of fruits are still propagated from seeds. Fruit seeds can either be sown directly in the field or
planted in a seedbed until the seedlings have grown three or more leaves. Then they can be transferred to the
final site by transplanting in individual containers or in thick black plastic bags. Remember that fruits such as
mango, santol, avocado, citrus and chico started from seeds.
All seeds are alike. They contain the beginning of a young plant. They contain the seed embryo, the
dormat young plant into which the fertilized egg develops, and grow into a leafy plant upon germination. The
cotyledons contain stored food; they will provide food for the young plant during germination and until such
time that the leaves can manufacture their own food.
The seed coat protects the structures inside. The growing stem is called the hypocotyls.
Raising fruit seedlings in green houses prevents them from being exposed to extreme field conditions,
pests, and diseases. It is also prevents the roots from being stressed when transplanting.
Year-old seedlings may be transplanted in another seedbed prior to the transplanting of seedling in the
field. This is called pricking out. Hardening is done by gradual exposure to sunlight especially for seedlings
that are kept in shaded areas. There should be a gradual withdrawal of water and fertilizer.
Fruit tree seedlings should be gradually exposed to sunlight especially those seedlings that were under
the shade from the very start of the propagation.
Planting materials that are well selected produce healthy, disease resistant, and vigorous plants. The
success of planting fruit trees depends on the quality of planting materials used. One can expect good quality
fruits every year if proper attention is given to the proper selection of planting materials. Successful orchards
begin with the selection of varieties that best match the condition of the place.
Seedlings are still the most economical source of planting materials for fruit and tree crop production.
However, the result are sometimes unsatisfactory because of the wide genetic variations among the plants
coming from the seeds.
Factors to Consider in Selecting Plants to Grow

When selecting the kind of plant to grow, the following factors should be considered:
1. AGE. Young plants are usually the best.
2. SIZE OF THE PLANTS. Good grade, medium to large trees are ideal and provide better flexibility in training
the trees.
3. FREE FROM DISEASES
4. VARIETY. It influences the yield, the market acceptance, and the price of the product.
The following should be given great consideration:
a. Select varieties of fruit trees that are high quality and adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the place.
Check with the Bureau of Plant Industry the kind of fruit trees best suited to the region to attain maximum yield.
b. Plant several varieties of the same kind of fruit trees maturing at different times.
c. Plant varieties of fruit trees whose fruits can be preserved, frozen and canned.
d. Secure only vigorous and high quality seeds or seedlings.
Preparation of Planting Materials

Unpack bundles of trees seedlings and inspect the roots and bark. Take out the seedlings from the
bundle and keep them in a trench of moist soil in a shaded area. Keep roots moist at all times.
Here are the steps to follow:
1. Prune and remove broken and damaged roots of the young tree to be transplanted only when necessary.
2. Make sure the soil is loose at the bottom of the hole to give the roots plenty of space.
3. Fill the hole with pulverized topsoil and shake the tree gently to distribute the soil among the roots.
4. Press the soil firmly and thoroughly with a well- padded stick or with your foot.
5. Pour some water into the hole when it is about three-fourths full of soil. This will aid in packing the soil well
around the roots and increase the chances for survival. Let the hole remain until the water has completely
soaked in.
6. Finish filling in the hole leaving the soil loose on top.
KEEP IN MIND
Fruit trees are propagated from seeds and sown either directly in the field or sown in seedbeds until
the seedlings have grown and ready for transplanting.
Fruit trees that are healthy, vigorous, and disease – resistant are good sources of planting materials.
Activity
Direction: Write true if the statement is correct and false if it is not correct.
1. Raising fruit seedlings in green houses prevents them from being exposed to extreme field condition.
2. Most fruit trees are germinated in seed box before they are transplanted to the field.
3. Fruit tree seedlings should not gradually expose to sunlight especially those seedlings that were under the
shade.
4. Planting materials that are well selected produce healthy, disease resistant and vigorous plants.
5. When selecting the kind of plants to grow breed or variety is one factor.
Essay: Why is the proper selection of healthy planting materials an important factor in successful fruit
production?

References: TECHNOLOGY and LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 8 K-12 Edition Fe S.J. Mangalindan, Et Al. Page 179-186

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References: TECHNOLOGY and LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 8 K-12 Edition Fe S.J. Mangalindan, Et Al. Page 179-186

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LEARNING MODULE IN TLE 8 – AGRICULTURAL ARTS

Name: _________________________ Section:

Factors to Consider in Selecting Plants to Grow

Preparation of Planting Materials

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