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Chaitanya Upanishad
By Sri Vyasa Muni

This Upanishad was published by the great pioneer of the Krishna-bhakti movement
Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakur. The Thakur searched the length and breadth of Bengal to
procure an original copy of the manuscript of this rare Upanishad, which describes
the unique position and advent of Lord Chaitanya Mahaprabhu. It also describes the
glorious position and importance of the Maha-mantra, or the chanting of the divine
name of Sri Krishna. He was finally provided a copy of the original handwritten
manuscript from one Pandita Madhusudana Maharaja, of Sambala-Pura.

Upon the request of many Gaudiya Vaishnavas of the time, He wrote a lucid sanskrit
commentary called Sri Chaitanya-Charanamrita, or the nectar of the lotus feet of
Lord Chaitanya. The first edition of this book was originally printed in Calcutta,
Bengal by the Sri Chaitanya press in 1887.

It is to be noted that the great Sampradaya Acharya of the Gaudiya Vaishnavas and
of the Krishna Consciousness movement, His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta
Swami Prabhupada, has cited from this Upanishad in His Sri Chaitanya-Charitamrita
Bhashya [purport] of Adi-Lila 2.22. to explain the sacred divinity of Sriman
Mahaprabhu:

"... Apart from the relevant scriptural evidence forwarded by Srila Krishna Dasa
Kaviraja Goswami, there are innumerable statements regarding Lord Chaitanya's
being the Supreme Lord Himself. The following examples may be cited: (1) From the
Chaitanya Upanishad: Gaurah sarvatma maha puruso mahatma maha yogi tri
gunatitah sattva rupo bhaktim loke kasyati. Lord Gaura who is the all pervading
Supersoul, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, appears as a great saint and
powerful mystic, who is above the three modes of nature and is the emblem of
transcendental activity. He disseminates the cult of devotion throughout the
world...".

The commentary on this Upanishad was written by Srila Saccidananda Bhaktivinoda

Thakur, and the current english translation of this rare gem was done in 1977 in
Vrindaban by a disciple of His Divine Grace Srila A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami
Prabhupada.

harih aum

Text One

atha pippaladah samit panir bhagavantam brahmanam upasanno |

bhagavan me subham kim atra caksvasveti ||

Translation

Thereafter, Pippalada, with sacrificial fuel in hand, approached Lord Brahma and
said, "O My Lord, in this world, please tell me what is the real auspiciousness?"

Purport

panca-tattvanvitam natva Chaitanya-rasa-vigraham

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Caitanyopanisad-bhasyam karomy atma-visuddhaye

After offering obeisances unto the Panca-Tattva, I am writing this commentary on

the Chaitanya Upanishad, which is the form of the mellow of Lord Chaitanya, for self
purification.

This Chaitanya Upanishad which is included within the eternal Atharva-Veda, and
which is full of all bliss, has thus far not been manifest due to being beyond the
vision of persons who have become blinded by the influence of the illusory energy
and whose minds are directed towards external matters. Then, when Chaitanya
Mahaprabhu, the moon of Navadvipa, appeared, by the endeavor of the pure
devotees, it became known. According to the authority of the Srimad Bhagavatam
(7.9.38), even the sastras are in a covered form concerning the Supreme Lord Sri
Chaitanya who is to be worshipped in Kali-Yuga [or Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu
appears in a covered form according to the sastras]. Therefore it is not surprising
that, due to misfortune, the fools who are engaged in karma and jnana have no faith
in this connection.

After examining many sastras and performing much worship, Pippalada Muni,
desiring his own welfare, approached the guru, the four faced Lord Brahma with fuel
in hand and asked, "What is best for me?"

Text Two

sa hovaca
bhuya eva tapasa brahmacaryena sasvat ramasva mano vaseti |

Translation

Lord Brahma said, "Always be very pleased with only austerity, celibacy and control
of the mind."

Purport

Lord Brahma said to him: "After spending one year acting for the purification of mind
and body by pure behavior in renunciation, by celibacy, by yoga practice and
austerity, come again".

Text Three

sa tatha bhutva bhuya enam upasadyaha- bhagavan kalau papac channah prajah
katham mucyeran iti |

Translation

He, Pippalada, becoming pure in mind, again approached his father and said: "O my
Lord Brahma, in the age of Kali Yuga, people are covered due to sin. How can they
obtain liberation?"

Purport

After practicing purification of the body and mind by celibacy and austerity,
Pippalada again approached his guru and inquired, "In Kali-Yuga, how can those who
are sinful by nature obtain liberation from the material condition? "

Text Four

ko va devata ko va mantro bruhiti |

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Translation

Please tell me which deity or which mantra is worthy of service.

Purport

Oh, my Lord, for the living beings whose minds are contaminated by Kali-Yuga,
please tell me which deity or which mantra should be served.

Text Five

rahasyam te vadisyami-jahnavi-tire navadvipe golokakhye dhamni govindo dvi-bhujo

gaurah sarvatma maha-puruso mahatma maha-yogi tri-gunatitah satva-rupo bhakti
loke kasyatiti, tad ete sloka bhavanti |

Translation

Lord Brahma replied, "I will tell you the confidential truth. On the bank of the
Jahnavi, in Navadvipa Dhama, which is known as Goloka, Govinda with two arms,
golden complexion, the Supersoul, the greatest Personality, the greatest Yogi, the
Supreme Being, Who is transcendental to the modes of nature, and Whose form is
truth, will appear to manifest devotional service (bhakti) in this world. These verses
describe that.

Purport

In the eleventh canto of the Srimad Bhagavatam, (11.5.33-34) the state of being of
the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Sri Chaitanya, the savior of Kali-Yuga is
proven.

dhyeyam sada paribhava-ghnam abhista-doham

tirthaspadam siva-virinci-nutam saranyam
bhrtyarti-ham pranata-pala bhavabdhi-potam
vande maha-purusa te caranaravindam

O Supreme Person, O Protector of the devotees, I offer my respectful obeisances

unto Your lotus feet which are worthy of being constantly meditated upon, which
destroy misery, yield all desire, which are the abode of all holy places of pilgrimage,
which are praised by Lord Shiva and Lord Brahma, which are the shelter of all, which
dispel the distress of the devotees and which are a boat for crossing over the ocean
of material existence.

tyaktva sudustayja-surepsita-rajya-laksmim
dharmistha arya-vacasa yad agad aranyam
maya-mrgam dayitayepsitam anvadhavad
vande maha-purusa te caranaravindam

"We offer our respectful obeisances unto the lotus feet of the Lord, upon whom one
should always meditate. He left his householder life, leaving aside His eternal
consort, whom even the denizens of heaven adore. He went into the forest to deliver
the fallen souls, who are put into illusion by the material energy."

Text Six

eko devah sarva-rupi mahatma

gauro rakta-syamala-sveta-rupah
caitanyatma sa vai caitanya-saktir
bhaktakaro bhakti-do bhakti-vedyah

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Translation

The one Supreme Personality of Godhead, who appears in a variety of

transcendental forms, is also known as Gaura. He has also appeared in various
complexions such as red, blackish and white. He shall appear in the form of Gaura.
He Himself is Chaitanya, the embodiment of cit-sakti. He shall appear in the form of
a devotee, to bestow devotional service to the Lord and He is also to be known by
devotional service.

Purport

In the Srimad Bhagavatam ( 10.8.13 ), the Lord's characteristics are described by

Gargamuni :

suklo raktas tatha pita

idanim krsnatam gatah

"He has been white, red, and yellow and now ( in Dvapara- yuga), he is blackish."

In Kali-Yuga, He takes the form of a devotee. The confidential truth is that the Lord
has descended with His own abode, Goloka-Dhama, to the supremely sanctified land
of Gauda, in the form of a devotee as Sri Krishna Chaitanya Himself and desiring to
deliver love of God, He has exposed the transcendental secret of madhura-rasa
which enlivens all the devotees in the material world, headed by Sathakopa,
Ramanuja, Vishnuswami, Madhvacharya, Nimbarka, etc., for the purpose of quickly
bestowing auspiciousness unto the living beings in Kali-Yuga. Bhakti vedyah means
that the living entities can know the Lord by the practice of devotional service and
not by the practice of dry philosophical speculation.

Text Seven

namo vedanta vedyaya

krsnaya paramatmane
sarva-caitanya-rupaya
caitanyaya namo namah

Translation

I offer my respectful obeisances unto He who is to be understood by Vedanta, who is

Krishna, the Supersoul, whose form is conscious of everything. Obeisances again
and again unto Lord Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu.

Purport

Even Lord Brahma offers his obeisances unto Sri Chaitanya after considering His
unlimited mercy upon Lord Brahma's own Madhva sampradaya.

Text Eight

vedanta vedyam purusam puranam

caitanyatmanam visva-yonim mahantam
tam eva viditva'ti-mrtyum eti
nanyah pantha vidyate' yanaya

Translation

By knowing Him, who is to be known by Vedanta, who is the oldest personality, who
is Himself, Chaitanya, the source of the universe and the greatest, one can

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overcome death. There is no other means for going beyond Maya.

Purport

Vedanta-vedyam means, he speaks to Pippalada after reflecting upon the conclusion

of all the Vedas. Sri Chaitanya, although in the form of a devotee can be known by
vedanta, as being directly Sri Krishna. For the living beings who have given up the
material world, without the shelter of the lotus feet of Sri Chaitanya, there is no
other means for entering into the spiritual world. According to the evidence of
Ramanuja, etc., by the mellow of servitorship, dasya-rasa, there is no direct path.
The destination of those who practice dasya rasa etc., is limited to Vaikuntha. This is
apparent in their books, etc. This is because Sri Chaitanya is the source of the
universe and the only teacher in the matter of instructing vraja-rasa.

Text Nine

sva-nama-mula-mantrena sarvam hladayati vibhuh |

Translation

By the mantra, whose source is His own name, the Lord pleases everything.

Purport

Because there may be an incongruity with, "by the mantra whose source lies in His
Form, "Bhaktivinode explains that sva nama, His own name, means the name of
Krishna, not the name of Chaitanya. Moreover, it can also mean Hari, but specifically
it means Krishna. Vibhuh means the Lord who possesses all opulence. And sarvam
means all moving and non-moving living beings.

Text Ten

dve sakti parame tasya hladini samvid eva ca, iti |

Translation

His superior energies are hladini (bliss), and samvit (knowledge).

Purport

Two energies are acquainted with the Supreme Lord - hladini and samvit. By hladini
is meant, by the manifestation of devotional service (bhakti) and love of God
(prema), He pleases everything. By samvit is meant, by the manifestation of
knowledge of the Absolute Truth which is approved of by the pure conclusions of the
Vedas, He destroys the varieties of religion and irreligion which are similar to
ignorance and darkness within of the heart of the conditioned soul.

Text Eleven

sa eva mula-mantram japati harir iti krsna iti rama iti |

Translation

He chants the original mantra consisting of Hari, Krishna and Rama, in other words,
the Hare Krishna Maha Mantra.

Purport

The Supreme Lord in the form of Gaura instructs the conditioned souls by chanting

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the supremely powerful, original mantra:

Hare Krishna Hare Krishna Krishna Krishna Hare Hare

Hare Rama Hare Rama Rama Rama Hare Hare

Text Twelve

harati hrdaya-granthim vasana-rupam iti harih. krsih smarane tac ca nastad

ubhaya-melanam iti krsnah. ramayati sarvam iti rama ananda-rupah. atra sloko
bhavati |

Translation

He who removes the knot in the heart in the form of material desire, is called Hari.
The union by the remembrance of the root krs- and the affix -na, is the hymn of
praise - Krishna. He who gives pleasure to everything is the form of bliss - Rama.
Here is such a verse.

Purport

The meanings of the above three names are explained. Hrdaya-Granthi, means the
inclination of the living entity whose factual constitutional position is to be a servant
of Krishna, which takes its form in the desire for other mundane interests which is
produced from the forgetfulness of the service of the Lord. In this connection, the
words of the Vedas and the Srimad Bhagavatam are noteworthy:

bhidyante hrdaya-granthis
chidyante sarva-samsayah

He severs the knot within the heart and all doubts are cut to pieces. (Mundaka
Upanishad 2.2.8 and Srimad Bhagavatam 1.2..21 ) He who takes away that knot is
Hari. Krishna is to be remembered in His pastimes as the Supreme Lord, the Lord of
Vrindavana, with beauty like a blackish tamala tree, sucking the breast of Mother
Yasoda. This is the conventional meaning, which is equivalent to another meaning
from the statements of the Sandarbhas. Rama pleases everything. By this mantra is
meant, that when the spirit soul gives up the conditioned state of existence, he
attains the state of assisting in the transcendental Vrindavana pastimes, and the
attainment of the Supreme enjoyment of rasa, etc. Thus, the verse is to be reflected
upon in this way.

Text Thirteen

mantro guhyah paramo bhakti-vedyah |

Translation

The Maha-Mantra is confidential, transcendental and can be understood only by

devotional service, (bhakti-yoga).

Purport

The confidential truth of this mantra can be understood only by those who have
attained the prescribed method and not by those who are adherents of fruitive work
(karma) and philosophical speculation (jnana).

sa vai pumsam paro dharmo

yato bhaktir adhoksaje
ahaituky apratihata

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yayatma suprasidati

"The most perfect occupation for all humankind is what is conducive to the
attainment of devotional service of transcendence to the Supreme Personality of
Godhead. Such devotional service must be unmotivated and undeterred so that the
same shall completely satisfy the self." - Srimad Bhagavatam 1.2.6

Text Fourteen

namany astav asta ca sobhanani. tani nityam ye japanti dhiras te vai mayam
atitaranti nanyah paramam mantram parama-rahasyam nityam avartayanti |

Translation

These sixteen names are supremely beautiful. Those who chant them regularly are
sober persons who are able to cross beyond the illusory energy. there is no other
means. One should repeat this maha-mantra which is the supreme secret, regularly.

Purport

This mantra's quality of yielding fruits to the devotees is apparent. By regularly

chanting this mantra consisting of sixteen names, the devotees transcendentally
cross beyond the state of being overcome by the illusory, material energy. There is
no other means than this. Even the eternally perfect souls regularly repeat this
mantra for the sake of their own dharma.

Text Fifteen

caitanya eva sankarsano vasudevah paramesthi rudrah sakro brhaspatih sarve devah
sarvani bhutani sthavarani carani ca yat kincit sad-asat karanam sarvam, tad atra
slokah |

Translation

Chaitanya is Sankarsana, Vasudeva, and the Supersoul. He is the cause of Rudra

(Siva), Sakra (Indra), Brhaspati, all the demigods, all moving and non-moving
entities, and everything which is temporary and external. Herein are the celebrated
verses.

Purport

For the devotees of Sri Chaitanya, what need is there for worshipping other
demigods.

Text Sixteen

yat kincid asad bhunkte ksaram tat karyam ucyate |

Translation

Whatever one enjoys which is temporary is known as an effect and is perishable.

Purport

This universe is temporary, due to its quality of being an effect.

Text Seventeen

sat karanam param jivas tad aksaram itiritam |

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Translation

It is said that the spirit soul is eternal. He is the cause of that which is perishable
and also beyond that which is perishable.

Purport

The spirit soul is eternal and the cause of that which is perishable. Due to
forgetfulness of his occupational duty because of the influence of the illusory energy,
he imagines himself to be the doer. Therefore, he is perishable.

Text Eighteen

ksaraksarabhyam paramah sa eva purusottamah caitanyakhyam param tattvam

sarva-karana-karanam |

dhanyanam hrdi bhasatam givivara-pratyagra-kunjaukasam |

satyananda-rasam vikara-vibhava-vyavrttam antar-mahah asmakam kila
ballavi-rati-raso vrndatavi-lalaso |
gopah ko'pi mahendranila-ruciras citte muhuh kridatu

"May the cowherd boy who is a festival of ecstatic bliss for the hearts of the
fortunate creatures residing in the groves of Govarhana Hill, Who is the lover of the
Gopis, Who eagerly enjoys pastimes in Vrindavana forest, and Whose complexion is
as splendid as a great sapphire, eternally enjoy transcendental pastimes in our
hearts."

Sri Isvara Puri as cited by Srila Rupa Goswami Prabhupada in the

Padyavali-[Bhaktanam Nistha] Text 75.

Translation

He who is beyond that which is perishable and imperishable is the Supreme Person.
The name of the Supreme Truth, the cause of all causes is Sri Chaitanya.

Purport

The universe is perishable. The spirit soul is imperishable. The supreme truth beyond
both of these, the cause of all causes is called Chaitanya, whose nature is that of the
Supreme Person. By this, the three truths of Vedanta are confirmed.

Text Nineteen

ya enam rasayati bhajati dhyayati sa papmanam tarati. sa puto bhavati, sa tattvam

janati, sa tarati sokam, gatis tasyaste nanyasyeti |

Translation

Anyone who develops love for Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, worships Him or meditates on
Him is freed from sin, becomes purified, understands the Supreme Truth, and
overcomes lamentation. For him, there is no other destination.

Purport

One who is a devotee develops love for Krishna Chaitanya. This means he devotes
himself to Sri Chaitanya due to his being the bestower of the conjugal mellow of
Vrindavana. Bhajati, or he worships, means that after accepting his own
constitutional position, he renders service. Dhyayati means that he meditates. He

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overcomes sin in the form of ignorance. Having overcome that, he is purified by the
spiritual nature. Tattvam means that he understands the truth in terms of
inconceivable oneness and difference between the energy and the energetic.
(acintya bheda-abheda -tattva). And finally he overcomes lamentation. Thus ends
the Sri Chaitanya-Charanamrta commentary on the Sri Chaitanya Upanishad.

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