CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 .BACKGROUND OF STUDY

A vehicle (vehiculum) is a machine that transports people or cargo. Vehicles include

wagons, bicycles, motor vehicles (motorcycles, cars, trucks, and buses), railed
vehicles (trains, trams), watercraft (ships, boats), amphibious vehicles (screw-
propelled vehicle, hovercraft), aircraft (airplanes, helicopters, and aerostat) and
spacecraft.

A vehicle is a mobile machine that transports passengers or cargo. Most often,

vehicles are manufactured, such as wagons, bicycles, Motor vehicles - motorcycles,
cars, trucks, buses, trains, watercraft - ships, boats, spacecraft and aircraft.

Land vehicles are classified broadly by what is used to apply steering and drive forces
against the ground: wheeled, tracked, railed or skied.

The rapid development of national economy has led to the application of computer in
very wide areas. Practical problems in various fields have begun to be solved with
computers.

With the evolution of computing, this study would like to use a web interface on a
tablet or PC, using web programming languages like PHP and JavaScript to build a
vehicular management system. Each vehicle carries a unique identity number to avoid
a mix up when there is more than one vehicle with the same color and type. Personnel
also have their unique identity number for easy accountability. Thus, this study will
provide a more complete vehicular management service.

The proposed system includes information services, history record, monitoring

Mechanism, and user interface for request of vehicles. The application to delivers
register time, car number, and address to the database. The administrator is
responsible for receiving the information from the parked vehicles, moving vehicles,
and storing the information into the data store. Thus, the monitor center performs the
management and control functions.

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1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

One of the challenges facing the military yard is vehicle management and prompt
response on availability of cars in the yard. The military personnel in the military yard
cannot efficiently keep track of vehicles especially upon the number of vehicles
available for use. These are more reasons, why I embarked on this research:

1 Ambiguous record of vehicles available in the military yard.

2 Inefficiency in the request and delivery of vehicles by other military personnel.
3 Poor management. The management is too poor to incorporate some normal
routine check.

1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The aim of this project work is to develop a vehicle automated system for vehicles in
the military yard that will achieve the following objective:

1 Assist military personnel in charge of the military yard to keep good record of the
vehicles in the yard,
2 More effective response in the request and delivery of vehicles from the military
yard by other military personnel's.
3 Provide them reliable and easy means car identification.
4 Register and management of all official vehicles in the military yard.

1.4 SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The major aim of the project is to propose a system that will have the information
about all official cars in the military yard and a prompt request and delivery system. It
focuses on the registration, storage, management of information and a prompt request

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and delivery system for vehicles in the military yard. During this research work, there
were lots of limitations and they include:

i. Lack of enough information for the design of a new system, due to poor
understanding of the effects of the uses of computer system.
ii. Error in data collected for the analysis and design of the new system.
iii. Distortion due to human factors such as stress, fatigue, sickness and weakness
of the body within the period of this project work.
iv. Lack of sufficient funds.

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance of this project work, a vehicle automated system for vehicles in the
military yard is;

I. Assist military personnel in charge of the military yard to keep good

record of the vehicles.

II. Stores information of any vehicle in the military yard.

III. Management of military vehicles.

IV. Provide a platform for effective request and delivery of vehicles from the
military yard.

V. It saves time and cost

VI. User friendly interface

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 CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

Literature review is aims to review the critical points of current knowledge on the
topic team going to develop. Therefore, the purpose of the literature review is to find,
read and analyze the literature or any works or studies related to this title. It is
important to well understand about all information to be relates with title before
developing this system. The paper cover basic functionality of the system
view/Edit/Delete Vehicle Details.View/Edit/Delete Driver Details. Vehicle
RepairHistory.Login/Registration of User. View Car Details Car Trip

This paper describes the system design and implementation of a vehicle management
system and covers the following sections: (1) PHP (2)MySQL(3) PHPMYADMIN
(4)JAVASCRIPT

2.2. INTRODUCTION TO PHP

PHP is an acronym for "Hypertext Preprocessor." PHP is a widely-used, open source

scripting language. PHP scripts are executed on the server. PHP is a general-
purpose scripting language geared toward web development. It was originally created
by Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994.The PHP reference
implementation is now produced by The PHP Group. PHP code is usually processed
on a web server by a PHP interpreter implemented as a module, a daemon or as
a Common Gateway Interface (CGI) executable. On a web server, the result of
the interpreted and executed PHP code – which may be any type of data, such as
generated HTML or binary image data – would form the whole or part of
an HTTP response. Various web template systems, web content management systems,
and web frameworks exist which can be employed to orchestrate or facilitate the
generation of that response. Additionally, PHP can be used for many programming
tasks outside the web context, such as standalone graphical applications
and robotic drone control. PHP code can also be directly executed from the command
line.

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The standard PHP interpreter, powered by the Zend Engine, is free software released
under the PHP License. PHP has been widely ported and can be deployed on most
web servers on a variety of operating systems and platforms.

The PHP language evolved without a written formal specification or standard until

2014, with the original implementation acting as the de facto standard which other
implementations aimed to follow. Since 2014, work has gone on to create a formal
PHP specification.

W3Techs reports that, as of January 2022, "PHP is used by 78.1% of all the websites
whose server-side programming language we know." PHP version 7.4 is the most
used version. Support for version 7.3 was dropped on 6 December 2021.

2.3. MySQL

MySQL is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS). Its

name is a combination of "My", the name of co-founder Michael Widenius's
daughter, and "SQL", the abbreviation for Structured Query Language. A relational
database organizes data into one or more data tables in which data may be related to
each other; these relations help structure the data. SQL is a language programmers use
to create, modify and extract data from the relational database, as well as control user
access to the database. In addition to relational databases and SQL, an RDBMS like
MySQL works with an operating system to implement a relational database in a
computer's storage system, manages users, allows for network access and facilitates
testing database integrity and creation of backups.

MySQL is free and open-source software under the terms of the GNU General Public
License, and is also available under a variety of proprietary licenses. MySQL was
owned and sponsored by the Swedish company MySQL AB, which was bought
by Sun Microsystems (now Oracle Corporation). In 2010, when Oracle acquired Sun,
Widenius forked the open-source MySQL project to create MariaDB.

MySQL has stand-alone clients that allow users to interact directly with a MySQL
database using SQL, but more often, MySQL is used with other programs to
implement applications that need relational database capability. MySQL is a

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component of the LAMP web application software stack (and others), which is an
acronym for Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python. MySQL is used by many
database-driven web applications, MySQL is also used by many popular websites,
including Facebook, Flickr, MediaWiki, Twitter, and YouTube.

MySQL was created by a Swedish company, MySQL AB, founded by Swedes David

Axmark, Allan Larsson and Finland Swede Michael "Monty" Widenius. Original
development of MySQL by Widenius and Axmark began in 1994. The first version of
MySQL appeared on 23 May 1995. It was initially created for personal usage
from MySQL based on the low-level language ISAM, which the creators considered
too slow and inflexible. They created a new SQL interface, while keeping the
same API as MySQL. By keeping the API consistent with the MySQL system, many
developers were able to use MySQL instead of the (proprietarily licensed) MySQL
antecedent.

2.4. PHPMYADMIN

phpMyAdmin  is a free and open source administration tool

for MySQL and MariaDB. As a portable web application written primarily in PHP, it
has become one of the most popular MySQL administration tools, especially for web
hosting services. Tobias Ratschiller, then an IT consultant and later founder of
the software company Maguma, started to work on a PHP-based web front-end to
MySQL in 1998, inspired by MySQL-Webadmin. He gave up the project
(and phpAdsNew, of which he was also the original author) in 2000 because of lack
of time.

By that time, phpMyAdmin had already become one of the most popular PHP
applications and MySQL administration tools, with a large community of users and
contributors. In order to coordinate the growing number of patches, a group of three
developers (Olivier Müller, Marc Delisle and Loïc Chapeaux) registered the
phpMyAdmin Project at Source Forge and took over the development in 2001.

In July 2015, the main website and the downloads left Source Forge and moved to
a content delivery network. At the same time, the releases began to be PGP-
signed. Afterwards, issue tracking moved to GitHub and the mailing lists migrated

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Before version 4, which uses Ajax extensively to enhance usability, the software
used HTML frames.

Features provided by the program include:

• Web interface

• MySQL and MariaDB database management

• Import data from CSV, JSON and SQL

• Export data to various formats: CSV, SQL, XML, JSON, PDF (via

the TCPDF library), ISO/IEC 26300 - OpenDocument Text and Spreadsheet,
Word, Excel, LaTeX, SQL, and others

• Administering multiple servers

• Creating PDF graphics of the database layout

• Creating complex queries using query-by-example (QBE)

• Searching globally in a database or a subset of it

• Transforming stored data into any format using a set of predefined functions,
like displaying BLOB-data as image or download-link

• Live charts to monitor MySQL server activity like connections, processes,

CPU/memory usage, etc.

• Network traffic to the SQL server

• Working with different operating systems like Windows, Linux, OS/2, Free
BSD Unix (such as Sun, Solaris, AIX) and others.

• Make complex SQL queries easier.

2.5. JAVASCRIPT

JavaScript is a web scripting language that is a dynamic type with built-in support
type. A web page that uses the dynamic functionality of a web page, which widely

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apply to the client. JavaScript has its own data type to handle different data, text, and
information processing. JavaScript is also a cross platform language is gradually used
to write server-side program, JavaScript is much favored for its security. Today’s web
site needs to go much beyond HTML. There is a definite need to allow user, browsing
through web site to actually interact with the web site. The web must be intelligent
enough to accept user input and dynamically structure web page content, tailor made,
to a user’s requirements. Users, who browse throush a web site today, prefer to choose
to view what interests them.

Hence even the content of a web page needs to be dynamic based on what a user
wishes to see.

This requires a web site development that will allow the creation of interactive web
pages.

Capturing user request is traditionally done via a form. The web site development
environment should also provide the facility for validating. JavaScript is an object
oriented language that allows creation of interactive web pages.

The advantages of JavaScript: -

• An interpreted language.

• Embedded within HTML.

• Minimal syntax easy to learn.

• Performance sign for simple, small programs.

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 CHAPTER THREE

SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

3.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter gives detailed description of design and development process of the
system in view.it iterates the intricacies in the design and development of the
system.it also elucidates the existing system and the design of the new system. Before
much ado, it is important to analyze the operation, flaws and need to improve on the
existing system.

3.2 SYTEM ANALYSIS

System analysis is the process of undertaking detailed study of an existing system by

deploying system analysis tools like
observation/investigation,questionnaire,interviews etc., with a view of extracting
useful information from present systems of operations, highlighting the inherent
weaknesses and improving on the strength. This process of system sometimes leads to
development of an entirely new system.

The contribution of this software to Information and Communication Technology is

implementing an expert system software in the security system that will help in
effective response on management of vehicle in the military yard. This act will boost
ICT in the school and it will also increase the rate of the use computers as the world is
fast going digital.

3.3 METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION

In every research work, method of data collection plays a fundamental key role
as it involves a procedures and instrument of finding the requirement objectives
of the research. They have some certain techniques used for uncovering the
information needed to solve the studied problems. However, the methods of data
collections used for the research is the Interview Method.

• INTERVIEW: Interview is a formal meeting at which the researcher and

the respondents meet together. This is the face to face communication

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 between the interviewer and the respondent; it is the most widely used
method to get an accurate detail about an existing system.

Questionnaires:
we will prepare some questions for the vehicle management office and also we
will gather different information. Such questions are raised like:
i. What tasks are performed in the organization?
ii. s there any work division in the system?
iii. What are the problems in your current system? Is that manual or
computerized? 
iv. What kind of maintenance can take place?
v. What seems like is the work flow in the organization

3.4 SYSTEM REQUIRMENT

This phase of the project list out the equipment required to maintain the new
design system. This equipment are the major parts of computer namely:

3.4.1 Hardware Requirement

This refers to the physical devices that make up computer system such as
keyboard, mouse, printer, scanner and monitor etc. this are part of the
computer which can be touched, seen and handle with our bear hand. The list
of basic hardware required is listed below:

• Pentium IV and above

• Monitor

• Keyboard

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 • Mouse

• 2GB RAM and above

• 100GB Hard Drive and above.

3.4.2 Software Requirement

This are set of program or instruction that is use in the hardware to make it
function. In order words, software can be said to be a predefined instruction
given to a computer to carry out a specific task. The required software is listed
as follows:

• Operating System (OS)

• Xampp

• Web Browser (Preferably Google Chrome or Firefox)

3.5 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

This describes the architecture of our proposed system, including the software,
hardware and platform. In order to achieve the implementation of vehicle
management on web application platform, this study reserves partial functions for the
future extension.

Client-server architecture is an architecture of a computer network in which

many clients (remote processors) request and receive service from a
centralized server (host computer). Client computers provide an interface to allow a
computer user to request services of the server and to display the results the server
returns. Servers wait for requests to arrive from clients and then respond to them.
Ideally, a server provides a standardized transparent interface to clients so that clients
need not be aware of the specifics of the system (i.e., the hardware and software) that
is providing the service. Clients are often situated at workstations or on personal
computers, while servers are located elsewhere on the network, usually on more
powerful machines. This computing model is especially effective when clients and the
server each have distinct tasks that they routinely perform. In hospital data processing,

11
for example, a client computer can be running an application program for entering
patient information while the server computer is running another program that
manages the database in which the information is permanently stored. Many clients
can access the server’s information simultaneously, and, at the same time, a client
computer can perform other tasks, such as sending e-mail. Because both client and
server computers are considered independent devices, the client-server model is
completely different from the old mainframe model, in which a centralized mainframe
computer performed all the tasks for its associated “dumb” terminals, which merely
communicated with the central mainframe.

Fig 3.1 Client-server architecture

3.6 SYSTEM STRUCTURE

The language by which instruction and command is given to computer system to

execute or perform sequence of specified activities or task is referred to as a
programming language. There are various types of programming language which
range from low-level programming language to high-level programming language. I
intend to use PHP and MySQL. PHP and MySQL are chosen because they are widely
used by web developers to create secure and dynamic web applications with database.

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3.7 SYSTEM MODEL

3.7.1 Data Flow Diagram

The data flow diagram below, helps depict the flow of operational structure of the
system and how data moves with the system.

Fig 3.2 Data Flow Diagram

3.7.2 USE CASE DIAGRAM:

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Use Case Diagram referred to as Behaviour diagram which describes the
commutation between actors or participations and set of actions. This is set of actions
or use cases will be enclosed by system boundary and can also have relation with each
other. Division among tupelos will based on the information gain computed for each
attribute

Fig 3.3use case diagram of vehicle management and booking system

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15
 CHAPTER FOUR

SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION

4.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter discusses a concise detail of how the system is to be implemented

and sample of the working procedures of the proposed system. The chapter
entails the program listing; sample outputs obtained during the design and
implementation of the Vehicle Management System as well as Installation
procedure. It also provides functional documentation using descriptive images
to guide the user on how to operate the new system .

4.2 SYSTEM TESTING AND EVALUATION

Testing the Vehicle Management System is considered as important part

of a system life-cycle. Because, after implementing the testing of the new
system, we can ensure that the new system made it required functionality
and free of errors. There are many reasons to conduct the testing for the
developed system, because is only through testing that we can be able to
analyze any problem in the new system and provide solutions to these
problems and incorporate them in the design of the proposed the Vehicle
Management System alongside making improvement and modifications
require by the new system. This project employed both Unit and Integral
test to ensure effectiveness and efficiency of the system.

4.1.1 Unit Testing

In this phase, individual units of source code or single components of the

system are tested independently to ensure that individual phases are
working effectively without errors.

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4.1.2 Integration Testing

Integration testing (sometimes called integration and testing, abbreviated I&T) In

this phase, all the various components of the system are tested together using the
actual data which will be submitted to the management for approval.

4.3 SYSTEM INSTALLATION

After the system has been tested for some period of time, and found to be
working smoothly as expected, the system will be ready for Installation
and Implementation. For the new system to be install successful the
following requirement are needed:

• Working computer system

• Xampp for database

• Web browser

4.4 USER MANUAL

4.4.1 Installing the Program Folder/Files

1. Copy entire application folder to the htdocs folder in drive C:

2. Open phpmyadmin database on your web browser and create a

database for the application

3. Import the database tables provided in the sql file

4.4.2 Running the Software System

1. Start your Apache and MySQL servers in the Xampp Control Panel

2. Open Your Web Browser and search “localhost/vms”

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4.5 PROGRAM SAMPLE OUTPUT

fig 4.1 INDEX PAGE: This is where the user choses whether to log in as a driver or
admin

fig4.2 LOGIN: This is where the user enter their password to grant access to the
application

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fig 4.3 HOME PAGE: Welcomes the user (admin/driver)

fig4.4 INSERT CAR: This is where admin inserts record of a new ca

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fig 4.5 DRIVER REGISTRATION: This is where every driver gets registered
before they are approved and eligible to borrow a car

fig 4.6 DRIVER HOME PAGE: This is where the driver views borrowed cars and
also returns them

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 CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 SUMMARY

Throughout the development of Vehicle Management System, it can be seen

that, the design of this project work will enhance the efficiency of any
organization in term of profit maximization and facility Management. In
modern time it is considered a better solution when one prepares for the future.
The researcher has designed Stadium Management System to solve
information and record management in the stadium.

5.2 CONCLUSION

/.

5.3 RECOMMENDATION

I will like to personally recommend the software to the management of the

Military Yard to be adopted as soon as possible to make their work faster and
facilitate credible decision making. Information technology is one the
management must not take for granted because of the immense advantage of it
to the organization. So if the management thinks the way I do they need not to
look else were for the solution, the software is the answer.

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