Detailed Lesson Plan in Science 10

July 16, 2021

I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, 100% of the students should be able to attain 85%
level of proficiency to:

1. Describe how Electromagnetic (EM) wave is produced.

2. Compare the relative wavelengths, frequencies and energies of the different
regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
3. Cite examples of practical applications of the different regions of the
electromagnetic spectrum.

II. Subject Matter

A. Topic: Electromagnetic Spectrum

B. Concept: The electromagnetic spectrum is a continuum of electromagnetic waves

arranged according to frequency and wavelength. It is a gradual progression
from the waves of lowest frequencies to the waves of highest frequencies.
According to increasing frequency, the EM Spectrum includes: radio waves,
microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma rays.
These waves do not have exact dividing region.

C. Reference/s: Science Learner’s Material (Grade-10) pp. 142-164.

D. Materials: Laptop, PowerPoint Presentation, Video

E. Skills: Describing, Comparing, Citing

F. Value: The regions of the Electromagnetic Spectrum have various uses and
applications such as Radio and television communication, satellite television and
communication, household electrical appliances, Artificial lighting, sterilization,
medical use and medical treatment.

III. Learning Activities

A. Routinary Activities
1. Prayer
2. Greeting the class
3. Checking the attendance
4. Checking of assignments
B. Developmental Activities

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENTS’ ACTIVITY

I. Review
Before we begin with our new Lesson, let us
recall what we have discussed yesterday.
For those who wants to answer, please raise
your hand.
 Tell whether the given statement is “TRUE”
or “FALSE”.
TRUE
1. Electromagnetic waves carry energy.
FALSE (Electromagnetic waves are
2. An electromagnetic wave is a longitudinal transverse waves)
wave.
TRUE
3. Electromagnetic waves can travel in an
empty space.
FALSE (propagates as an acoustic wave,
4. Sound waves are electromagnetic waves. through a transmission medium such as a
gas, liquid or solid.)

5. Different colors of light have the same FALSE

amount of energy.

II. Lesson Proper

A. Motivation
Very Good! It seems that you really
understand our previous lesson.
Therefore, we can now proceed to
our next lesson, but before that, let’s
have another activity. I have here set
of letters that you have to arrange
and try to form words.
Is that clear class? Yes. Ma’am!

(The teacher will give the materials.) (The students will perform the activity.)

ELECTROMAGNETIC
SPECTRUM
OENILCTEMCEGRATTPMCRUE

Very Good! The reason why I want you to do that

activity is because it has something to do with our
new lesson for today, which is, “Electromagnetic
Spectrum.”

B. Discussion

Before we start our discussion, here are the

objectives of our lesson. Please read. (Students will read the objectives)

(The teacher will post the lesson objectives)

Thank you. What comes first in your mind when

(Students’ answer may vary)
you hear the word “ELECTROMAGNETIC
SPECTRUM?”

Correct! Let us define Electromagnetic Spectrum

and Electromagnetic Wave.

1. Electromagnetic Spectrum
Is a continuum of electromagnetic waves
arranged according to frequency and wave length.
It is a gradual progression from the waves of
lowest frequencies to the waves of highest
frequencies.

2. Electromagnetic Wave
 Electromagnetic waves or EM Waves are
waves that are created as a result of vibrations
between an electric field and a magnetic field. In
other words, EM waves are composed of oscillating
magnetic and electric fields.

Here are some of the additional terms that you

need to understand:

1. Frequency – number of cycles a wave completes

in one second; expressed in Hertz.

2. Radar – short for radio detecting and ranging. A

way of detecting aircrafts and ships from a distance
and estimating their locations.

3. Radio receivers – receives radio waves and

convert them back to sounds.

4. Radio Transmitter – attaches information to the

radio signal by modulating it.

5. Wave length – the distance measured from one

crest of a wave to the next crest or from one
through to the second through.

Is that clear to you class?

Yes. Ma’am
Before we continue our discussion, let’s have an
activity. Last time, I already grouped you into four,
right?

Go to your corresponding group.

INSTRUCTIONS:
1.) You are going to watch a short video clip.
2.) Each group will have an assigned part on the
Electromagnetic Spectrum.
3.) Your task is to answer the questions written in a
roll of paper.
4.) And lastly, you are going to post the pictures of
each region of the Electromagnetic Spectrum and Yes. Ma’am
write its description, uses and applications.
5.) One representative will report your answer. (The students will go to their corresponding
groups.)
Do you have any clarifications regarding the
instructions?

I need 1 volunteer for each group to pick your

assigned task.

Group 1 – Radio waves and Microwaves

Group 2 – Infrared waves and Visible
Spectrum
Group 3 – Ultraviolet Radiation
Group 4 – X-rays and Gamma Rays

Okay! Here’s your guide in watching the video.

Please read.

GUIDE:
1.) Focus on the description and applications of the
Electromagnetic Spectrum.

Get your notebook or any scratch paper to jot down Yes. Ma’am
the important details.
Class, are you ready?

(The teacher will play the video)

(The students will watch the video.)

After watching the video, I will give you 5 (The students will follow)
minutes to finalize your answers. Discuss your
work with your groupmates. Write your answers
on the cartolina provided for you. (The students will discuss their work)

(The teacher will distribute the materials)

(The students will clap)

You may start.

Time’s up! May I call Group 1 representative to

report your answers.

Very Good Group 1. Let’s give them five claps.

(The teacher will give follow up information)

Radio Waves – Have the longest wavelength in the

electromagnetic spectrum. They are produced by
making electrons vibrate in an antenna. They are
used to transmit sound and picture information
over long distances. Low frequency waves are
suitable for communication over great distances.
High frequency waves can be reflected by the
ionosphere. This enables the waves to be
transmitted over great distances.

Microwaves – Have smaller wavelengths than

radio waves. They are used in satellite
communications, radar, television transmission
and cooking. Microwaves can penetrate the
atmosphere of the earth. This is the reason why
they are used for satellite communications.
Microwaves have short wavelengths and are
reflected by small objects. This property is used in
radars. Radar is the acronym of radio detection and
ranging. Microwaves are used to transmit
television news coverage from mobile broadcast (The students will discuss their work)
vehicles back to the station. A cellphone is a radio
(The students will clap)
transmitter and receiver that uses microwaves. In a
microwave oven, foods absorb certain microwave
frequencies very strongly. The microwaves
penetrate the food being heated. It will agitate the
water molecules within the food, thus creating
molecular friction which then produces heat that
will cook it.

How about the Group 2 representative?

Exactly! Let’s give them five claps!

(The teacher will give them follow up information)

Infrared waves – Infrared radiation lies beyond

the red end of the visible light. It is emitted by all
objects. The amount and wavelength of radiation
depend on temperature. Below 500 degrees Celsius
an object emits only infrared radiation. Above 500
degrees Celsius, an object glows and emits both
infrared and some visible light.
The following are some useful applications of IR
radiation:
1.) Infrared photographs taken from a satellite with
special films provide useful details of the
vegetation on the Earth’s surface.
2.) Infrared scanners are used to show the
temperature variation of the body. This can be used
for medical diagnosis.
3.) Infrared remote controls are used in TVs, video,
cassette recorders, and other electronic appliances.
4.) Some night-vision goggles use Infrared.
5.) Some autofocus cameras have transmitter that
sends out infrared pulses. The pulses are reflected
by the object to be photographed back to the
camera. The distance of the object is calculated by
the time lag between the sending and receiving of
pulses. The lens is then driven by a built-in motor
to adjust to get the correct focus of the object.

Visible Spectrum – When light passes through a

prism, it is separated into its constituent colors: the
red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.
These colors do not distinctly separate but they
continuously change from red to violet. Red color
has the longest wavelength from among these (The student will discuss their work)
colors and violet has the shortest.

The wave length of the different colors of light (The students will clap)

Color Wavelength (nm)

Violet-Indigo 390 to 455
Blue 455 to 492
Green 492 to 577
Yellow 577 to 597
Orange 597 to 622
Red 622 to 700

Okay! Group 3 representative, please come here in

front.

Exactly! Let’s give them five claps!

(The teacher will give follow up information)

Ultraviolet Radiation – Ultraviolet radiation lies

just beyond the violet end of the visible spectrum.
Ultraviolet waves have shorter wavelengths than
the visible light and carry more energy. The sun is
our main source of ultraviolet radiation but there
are also artificial sources of UV light. Ultraviolet (The students will discuss their work)
radiation in UV lamps are used by banks to check
the signature on a passbook. The signature is (The students will clap)
marked on the passbook with fluorescent ink. It
becomes visible when viewed under an ultraviolet
lamp. These lamps are also used to identify fake
bank notes. Ultraviolet radiation is also used in
sterilizing water from drinking fountains.
Ultraviolet radiation in sunlight produces Vitamin
D in the skin and gives us a tanning effect. But since
UV rays have high energy, it could be harmful to
some extent. It could burn the skin and hurt our
eyes. Overexposure to UV radiation may cause skin
cancer.
Let’s proceed to the next group.

Very Good! Group 4. Let’s give group four five

claps!

(The teacher will give follow up information)

X-rays – X-rays come just after the ultraviolet rays.

They are of shorter wavelength but carries higher
energy than the UV. X-rays are produced using an
X-ray tube. They are emitted when fast moving
electrons hit a metal target. X-rays were discovered
by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895.
Long wavelength X-rays can penetrate the flesh but
not the bones. They are used in X-ray photography
to help doctors look inside the body. They are
useful in diagnosing bone fractures and tumors.
Short wavelength x-rays can penetrate even
through metals. They are used in industry to
inspect welded joints for faults. All X-rays are
dangerous because they can damage healthy living
cells of the body. This is the reason why frequent
exposure to X-rays should be avoided. Too much
exposure to x-rays can damage body tissues and
can cause cancer. (students’ answer may vary)

Gamma Rays – Gamma rays lie at the other end of

the electromagnetic spectrum. They are shortest in
wavelength and highest in frequency. They carry
the highest amount of energy; thus, they are more
dangerous. Gamma rays are emitted by stars and
some radioactive substances. They can only be
blocked with lead and thick concrete. Gamma rays
are very strong that they can kill living cells.
Gamma rays are used to treat cancer through the
process called radiotherapy. They are also used for
sterilization of drinking water.

Do you have any questions?

III. Valuing/ Application

Class, what do you think is the importance of
Electromagnetic waves in our lives?
(The students will participate)
Correct! Electromagnetic wave is important
because without it, we cannot have some useful
applications such as, Radio and television
communication, satellite television and
communication, Remote control, household
electrical appliances, Artificial lighting, optical
fibers in medical uses, screen of electronic devices,
sterilization, Fluorescence, Medical use,
engineering applications and medical treatment.
IV. Generalization
I need 7 students who will complete the table
regarding Electromagnetic waves and their
applications and uses. c. UV radiation
For those who wants to answer, please raise
your hand and complete the table on the board.

EM Wave Applications/Uses

b. infrared
 c. Radar

V. Evaluation
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct
answer.

1.) Which electromagnetic wave carries more

energy than others? a. Microwaves
a. microwaves
b. radio waves
c. UV radiation
d. visible light

2.) What electromagnetic wave is sometimes called d. UV radiation

heat rays?
a. gamma rays
b. infrared
c. radio waves
d. visible light

3.) It is the acronym of radio detection and ranging.

a. Microwaves
b. Infrared
c. Radar
d. amplifier

4.) What type of electromagnetic wave is used in

satellite communications?
a. Microwaves
b. gamma rays
c. radio waves
d. visible light

5.) What type of electromagnetic wave is used in

checking bankbook notes?
a. Microwaves
b. radio waves
c. gamma rays
d. UV radiation

VI. Assignment
(On your notebook)

1.) What is a Concave Mirror and a Convex Mirror?

Differentiate each kind of Spherical Mirrors.

2.) What is Reflection and Refraction? Differentiate

each.

Prepared by:

Marichu M. Cayabyab
Teacher

Checked by: Recommending Approval:

 Critic Teacher Department Head

Approved:

Principal