Kcse F1-F4 Maths Topicals & Marking Scheme

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FORM 1-4 KCSE TOPICALS & MARKING

SCHEME
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By Sir Obiero Amos
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MATHEMATICS
FORM 1
TOPIC 1
NUMBERS
PAST KCSE QUESTIONS ON THE TOPIC
1. Mogaka and Onduso together can do a piece of work in 6 days. Mogaka,
working alone, takes 5 days longer than Onduso. How many days does it
take Onduso to do the same work alone?
2. (a) Evaluate
-8 2 + 12 x 9-4 x 6
56  7 x 2
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(b) Simplify the expression

5a – 4b – 2(a-(`2b+c)
3. Evaluate
28-(-18) – 15 –(-2)(-6)
-2 3
4. Three people Odawa, Mliwa and Amina contributed money to purchase a
flour mill. Odawa contributed 1/3 of the total amount, Mliwa contributed 3/8
of the remaining amount and Amina contributed the rest of the money. The
difference in contribution between Mliwa and Amina was Kshs 40000.
Calculate the price of the flour mill.
5. Evaluate:
-12 (-3) x 4 – (-20)
-6 x 6  3 + (-6)
6. Without using logarithm tables or a calculator evaluate.
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384.16 x 0.0625
96.04
7. Evaluate without using mathematical table
1000 0.0128
200
8. Express the numbers 1470 and 7056, each as a product of its prime factors.
Hence evaluate: 14702
7056
Leaving the answer in prime factor form
9. Evaluate:
¾ + 1 5/7  4/7 of 2 1/3
(1 3/7 – 5/8) x 2/3
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10. Pipes A can fill an empty water tank in 3 hours while pipe B can fill
the same tank in 6 hours. When the tank is full it can be emptied by pipe C
in 8 hours. Pipe A and B are opened at the same time when the tank is
empty. If one hour later, pipe C is also opened, find the total time taken to
fill the tank.
11. In a fund- raising committee of 45 people the ratio of men to women
7.2. Find the number of women required to join the existing committee
so that the ratio of men to women is changes to 5:4
12. Without using mathematical tables or calculators, evaluate
3 675 x 135
2025
13. All prime numbers less than ten are arranged in descending order to
form a number
(a) Write down the number formed
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(b) What is the total value of the second digit?

14. Evaluate without using mathematical tables or a calculator 0.0084 x
1.23 x 3.5,
2.87 x 0.056
Expressing the answer as a fraction in its simplest form.
15. Evaluate 1/3 of (2 ¾ - 5 ½ ) x 36/7  9/4
16. Evaluate without using mathematical tables or the calculator

(.0.0625 x 2. 56)
0.25 x 0.08 x 0.5
17. Evaluate without using mathematical tables or the calculator
1.9 x 0.032
20 x 0.0038
18. Evaluate 2 ¾ x 8/33
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3 + (52/5 9/25)
19. Without using tables or calculators evaluate
153 x 0.18
0.68 x 0.32
20. Without using mathematical tables, evaluate
1.2 x 0.0324
0.0072
21. Simplify 2/3 of 12 – (1 1/3 + 1 ¼ )
22. If x= 2, Find the value of x3 – 5x2 – 4x + 3
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23. If X = ½ y= ¼ and z = 2/3 Find the value of

x + yz
y – xz
24. Find a and b if 3.168 = 3a/b
25. Find the greatest common factor of x8 y2 and 4xy4. Hence factorize
completely the expression x3y2 – 4xy4
26. A hot water tap can fill a bath in 5 minutes while a cold water tap can
fill the same bath in 3 minutes. The drain pipe can empty the full bath in 3 ¾
minutes. The two taps and the drain pipe are fully open for 1 ½ minutes
after which the drain pipe are fully open for 1 ½ minutes after which the
drain pipe is closed. How much will take it take to fill the bath?
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27. A farmer distributed his cabbages as follows

A certain hospital received a quarter of the total number of bags. A nearby
school received half of the remainder. A green grocer received a third of
what the school received. What remained were six bags more than what the
green grocer received. How many bags of cabbages did the farmer have?
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TOPIC 2
ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS
1. Given that y = 2x – z
x + 3z express x in terms of y and z
2. Simplify the expression
x – 1 - 2x + 1
x 3x
Hence solve the equation
x – 1 - 2x + 1 = 2
x 3x 3
3. Factorize a – b
2 2
Hence find the exact value of 25572 - 25472

4. Simplify p2 – 2pq + q2
P3 - pq2 + p2 q –q3
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5. Given that y = 2x – z, express x in terms of y and z.

Four farmers took their goats to a market. Mohammed had two more goats
as Koech had 3 times as many goats as Mohammed, whereas Odupoy had 10
goats less than both Mohammed and Koech.
(i) Write a simplified algebraic expression with one variable,
representing the total number of goats.
(ii) Three butchers bought all the goats and shared them equally. If each
butcher got 17 goats, how many did odupoy sell to the butchers?
6. Factorize completely 3x2 – 2xy – y2
7. Solve the equation
1 = 5 -7
4x 6x
8. Simplify
a + b
2(a+ b) 2(a-b)
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9. Factorize completely 28x2 + 3x -1

10. Three years ago, Juma was three times as old. As Ali in two years
time, the sum of their ages will be 62. Determine their ages
11. Two pairs of trousers and three shirts cost a total of Kshs. Five such
pairs of trousers and two shirt cost a total of Kshs 810. Find the price of a
pair of trouser and shirt.
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TOPIC 3
RATES, RATIO PERCENTAGE AND PROPORTION
1. Akinyi bought and beans from a wholesaler. She then mixed the maize and
beans in the ratio 4:3 she bought the maize at Kshs 21 per kg and the beans
42 per kg. If she was to make a profit of 30%. What should be the selling
price of 1 kg of the mixture?
2. Water flows from a tap at the rate of 27 cm3 per second into a rectangular
container of length 60 cm, breadth 30 cm and height 40 cm. If at 6.00 PM
the container was half full, what will be the height of water at 6.04 pm?
3. Two businessmen jointly bought a minibus which could ferry 25 paying
passengers when full. The fare between two towns A and B was Kshs 80
per passenger for one way. The minibus made three round trips between the
two towns daily. The cost of fuel was Kshs 1500 per day. The driver and
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the conductor were paid daily allowances of Kshs 200 and Kshs 150
respectively.
A further Kshs 4000 per day was set aside for maintenance, insurance and
loan repayment.
(a) (i) How much money was collected from the passengers that day?
(ii) How much was the net profit?
(b) On another day, the minibus was 80% full on the average for the three
round trips, how much did each businessman get if the day’s profit
was shared in the ratio 2:3?
4. Wainaina has two dairy farms, A and B. Farm A produces milk with 3 ¼
percent fat and farm B produces milk with 4 ¼ percent fat.
(a) Determine
(i) The total mass of milk fat in 50 kg of milk from farm A and 30
kg of milk from farm B
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(ii) The percentage of fat in a mixture of 50kg of milk A and 30kg

of milk from B
(b) The range of values of mass of milk from farm B that must be used in
a 50kg mixture so that the mixture may have at least 4 percent fat.
5. In the year 2001, the price of a sofa set in a shop was Kshs 12,000
(a) Calculate the amount of money received from the sales of 240 sofa
sets that year.
(b) (i) In the year 2002 the price of each sofa set increased by 25%
while
the number of sets sold decreased by 10%. Calculate the
percentage increase in the amount received from the sales
(ii) If the end of year 2002, the price of each sofa set changed in the
ratio 16: 15, calculate the price of each sofa set in the year 2003.
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(c) The number of sofa sets sold in the year 2003 was P% less than the
number sold in the year 2001.
Calculate the value of P, given that the amounts received from sales if
the two years were equal.
6. A solution whose volume is 80 litres is made up of 40% of water and 60%
of alcohol. When x litres of water is added, the percentage of alcohol drops
to 40%.
(a) Find the value of x
(b) Thirty litres of water is added to the new solution. Calculate the
percentage of alcohol in the resulting solution
(c) If 5 litres of the solution in (b) above is added to 2 litres of the
original solution, calculate in the simplest form, the ratio of water to
that of alcohol in the resulting solution.
7. Three business partners, Asha, Nangila and Cherop contributed Kshs
60,000, Kshs 85,000 and Kshs 105, 000 respectively. They agreed to put
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25% of the profit back into business each year. They also agreed to put
aside 40% of the remaining profit to cater for taxes and insurance. The rest
of the profit would then be shared among the partners in the ratio of their
contributions. At the end of the first year, the business realized a gross
profit of Kshs 225, 000.
(a) Calculate the amount of money Cherop received more than Asha at
the end of the first year.
(b) Nangila further invested Kshs 25,000 into the business at the
beginning of the second year. Given that the gross profit at the end of
the second year increased in the ratio 10:9, calculate Nangila’s share
of the profit at the end of the second year.
8. Kipketer can cultivate a piece of land in 7 hrs while Wanjiku can do the
same work in 5 hours. Find the time they would take to cultivate the piece
of land when working together.
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9. Mogaka and Ondiso working together can do a piece of work in 6 days.

Mogaka working alone, takes 5 days longer than Onduso. How many days
does it take Onduso to do the work alone.
10. A certain amount of money was shared among 3 children in the ratio
7:5:3 the largest share was Kshs 91. Find the
(a) Total amount of money
(b) Difference in the money received as the largest share and the smallest
share.
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TOPIC 4
MEASUREMENT
1. The figure below shows a portable kennel
(a) Calculate
(i) The total surface area of the walls and the floor (include the
door as part of the wall.
(ii) The total surface area of the roof
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(b) The cost of roofing is Kshs 300 per square metre and that of making
walls and floor Kshs 350 per square metre. Find the cost of making
the kennel.
2. The enclosed region shown in the figure below represents a ranch draw to
scale. The actual area of the ranch is 1075 hectares
(a) Estimate the area of the enclosed region in square centimeters

(b) Calculate the linear scale used
3. The figure below shows an octagon obtained by cutting off four congruent
triangles from a rectangle measuring 19.5 by 16.5 cm
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Calculate the area of the octagon

4. The length of a hollow cylindrical pipe is 6 metres. Its external diameter is
11cm and has a thickness of 1 cm. Calculate the, volume in cm3 of the
materials used to make the pipe. Take π as 3.142.
5. The area of rhombus is 60 cm2. Given that one of its diagonals is 15 cm
long, calculate the perimeter of the rhombus.
6. A cylindrical piece of wood of radius 4.2 cm and length 150 cm is cut
lengthwise into two equal pieces.
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Calculate the surface area of one piece

(Take π as 22/7)
7. The diagram below (not drawn to scale) represents the cross section of a
solid prism of height 8.0 cm
(a) Calculate the volume of the prism

(b) Given that the density of the prism is 5.75 g/cm3, calculate its mass in
grams
(c) A second prism is similar to the first one but is made of different
material. The volume of the second prism is 246.24 cm3
(i) Calculate the area of cross section of the second prism
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(ii) Given the ratio of the mass of the first prism to the second is
2:5, find the density of the second prism.
8. A square brass plate is 2 mm thick and has a mass of 1.05 kg. The density
of the brass is 8.4g/ cm3. Calculate the length of the plane in centimeters.
9. Two cylindrical containers are similar. The larger one has internal cross-
section area of 45cm2 and can hold 0.95 litres of liquid when full. The
smaller container has internal cross- section area of 20cm2
(a) Calculate the capacity of the smaller container
(b) The larger container is filled with juice to a height of 13 cm. Juice is
then drawn from it and empties into the smaller container until the
depth of the juice in both containers are equal. Calculate the depth of
juice in each container.
(c) One fifth of the juice in the larger container in part (b) above is
further drawn and emptied into the smaller container. Find the
differences in the depths of the juice in the two containers.
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10. Pieces of soap are packed in a cuboid container measuring 36 cm by

24 cm by 18 cm. Each piece of soap is similar to the container. If the linear
scale factor between the container and the soap is 1/6. Find the volume of
each piece of soap.
11. A cylindrical water tank is of diameter 7 metres and height 2.8 metres
(a) Find the capacity of the water tank in litres
(b) Six members of family use15 litres each per day. Each day 80 litres
are used for cooking and washing. And a further 60 litres are wasted.
Find the number of complete days a full tank would last the family
(c) Two members of the family were absent for 90 days. During the 90
days, wastage was reduced by 20% but cooking and washing
remained the same.
Calculate the number of days a full tank would now last the family
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12. A company is to construct parking bay whose area is 135m2. It is to

be covered with a concrete slab of uniform thickness of 0.15m. To make
the slab cement, ballast and sand are to be mixed so that their masses are in
the ratio 1:4:4 the mass of 1m3 of dry slab is 2,500 kg.
(a) Calculate
(i) The volume of the slab
(ii) The mass of dry slab
(iii) The mass of cement to be used
(b) If one bag of cement is 50kg. Find the number of bags to be
purchased
(c) If a lorry carries 7 tonnes of sand, calculate the number of lorries of
sand to be purchased
13. An Artisan has 63 kg of metal of density 7000 kg/m3. He intends to
use to make a rectangular pipe with external dimensions 12 cm by 15 cm
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and internal dimensions 10cm by 12 cm. Calculate the length of the pipe in
metres.
14. The figure below represents hollow cylinder. The internal and
external radii are estimated to be 6 cm and 8 cm respectively, to the nearest
whole number. The height of the cylinder is exactly 14 cm.
(a) Determine the exact values for internal and external radii which will
give maximum volume of the material used.
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(b) Calculate the maximum possible volume of the material used. Take
the value of TT to be 22/7
15. Calculate the volume of a prism whose length is 25 cm and whose

length is 25 cm and whose cross – section is an equilateral triangle of side
3 cm
16. The figure below shows an octagon obtained by cutting off four
congruent triangles from a rectangle measuring 19.5 by 16.5 cm
19.5 cm
16.5 cm Page 28
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Calculate the area of the octagon
17. The figure below represents a kite ABCD, AB = AD = 15 cm. the

diagonals BD and AC intersect at O, AC = 30 cm and AO = 12 cm.
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Find the area of the kite
18. The figure below is a map of a forest drawn on a grid of 1 cm squares
(a) Estimate the area of the map in square centimeters if the scale of the
map is 1: 50, 000; estimate the area of the forest in hectares.
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TOPIC 5:
LINEAR EQUATIONS
1. A cloth dealer sold 3 shirts and 2 trousers for Kshs 840 and 4 shirts and 5
trousers for Kshs 1680 find the cost of 1 shirt and the cost of 1 trouser
2. Solve the simultaneous equations
2x – y = 3
x2 – xy = -4
3. The cost of 5 skirts and blouses is Kshs 1750. Mueni bought three of the
skirts and one of the blouses for Kshs 850. Find the cost of each item.
4. Akinyi bought three cups and four spoons for Kshs 324. Wanjiru bought
five cups and Fatuma bought two spoons of the same type as those
bought by Akinyi, Wanjiku paid Kshs 228 more than Fatuma. Find the
price of each cup and each spoon.
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5. Mary has 21 coins whose total value is Kshs. 72. There are twice as
many five shillings coins as there are ten shilling coins. The rest one
shillings coins. Find the number of ten shillings coins that Mary has.
( 4 mks)
6. The mass of 6 similar art books and 4 similar biology books is 7.2 kg.
The mass of 2 such art books and 3 such biology books is 3.4 kg. Find
the mass of one art book and the mass of one biology book
7. Karani bought 4 pencils and 6 biros – pens for Kshs 66 and Tachora
bought 2 pencils and 5 biro pens for Kshs 51.
(a) Find the price of each item
(b) Musoma spent Kshs. 228 to buy the same type of pencils and biro –
pens if the number of biro pens he bought were 4 more than the
number of pencils, find the number of pencils bought.
8. Solve the simultaneous equations below
2x – 3y = 5
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-x + 2y = -3
9. The length of a room is 4 metres longer than its width. Find the length of
the room if its area is 32m2
10. Hadija and Kagendo bought the same types of pens and exercise
books from the same types of pens and exercise books from the same
shop. Hadija bought 2 pens and 3 exercise books for Kshs 78. Kagendo
bought 3 pens and 4 exercise books for Kshs 108.
Calculate the cost of each item
11. In fourteen years time, a mother will be twice as old as her son. Four
years ago, the sum of their ages was 30 years. Find how old the mother
was, when the son was born.
12. Three years ago Juma was three times as old as Ali. In two years time
the sum of their ages will be 62. Determine their ages.
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13. Two pairs of trousers and three shirts costs a total of Kshs 390. Five
such pairs of trousers and two shirts cost a total of Kshs 810. Find the
price of a pair of trousers and a shirt.
14. A shopkeeper sells two- types of pangas type x and type y. Twelve x
pangas and five type y pangas cost Kshs 1260, while nine type x pangas
and fifteen type y pangas cost 1620. Mugala bought eighteen type y
pangas. How much did he pay for them?
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TOPIC 6:
COMMERCIAL ARITHMETICS
1. The cash prize of a television set is Kshs 25000. A customer paid a
deposit of Kshs 3750. He repaid the amount owing in 24 equal monthly
installments. If he was charged simple interest at the rate of 40% p.a how
much was each installment?
2. Mr Ngeny borrowed Kshs 560,000 from a bank to buy a piece of land.
He was required to repay the loan with simple interest for a period of 48
months. The repayment amounted to Kshs 21,000 per month.
Calculate
(a) The interest paid to the bank
(b) The rate per annum of the simple interest
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3. A car dealer charges 5% commission for selling a car. He received a

commission of Kshs 17,500 for selling car. How much money did the
owner receive from the sale of his car?
4. A company saleslady sold goods worth Kshs 240,000 from this sale she
earned a commission of Kshs 4,000
(a) Calculate the rate of commission
(b) If she sold good whose total marked price was Kshs 360,000 and
allowed
a discount of 2% calculate the amount of commission she received.
5. A business woman bought two bags of maize at the same price per bag.
She discovered that one bag was of high quality and the other of low
quality. On the high quality bag she made a profit by selling at Kshs
1,040, whereas on the low quality bag she made a loss by selling at Kshs
880. If the profit was three times the loss, calculate the buying price per
bag.
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6. A salesman gets a commission of 2. 4 % on sales up to Kshs 100,000. He

gets an additional commission of 1.5% on sales above this. Calculate the
commission he gets on sales worth Kshs 280,000.
7. Three people Koris, Wangare and Hassan contributed money to start a
business. Korir contributed a quarter of the total amount and Wangare
two fifths of the remainder.
Hassan’s contribution was one and a half times that of Koris. They
borrowed the rest of the money from the bank which was Kshs 60,000
less than Hassan’s contribution. Find the total amount required to start
the business.
8. A Kenyan tourist left Germany for Kenya through Switzerland. While in
Switzerland he bought a watch worth 52 deutsche Marks. Find the value
of the watch in:
(a) Swiss Francs.
(b) Kenya Shillings
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Use the exchange rtes below:

1 Swiss Franc = 1.28 Deutsche Marks.
1 Swiss Franc = 45.21 Kenya Shillings
9. A salesman earns a basic salary of Kshs. 9000 per month
In addition he is also paid a commission of 5% for sales above Kshs
15000
In a certain month he sold goods worth Kshs. 120, 000 at a discount
of 2½ %. Calculate his total earnings that month
10. In this question, mathematical table should not be used
A Kenyan bank buys and sells foreign currencies as shown below
Buying Selling
(In Kenya shillings) In Kenya Shillings
1 Hong Kong dollar 9.74 9.77
1 South African rand 12.03 12.11
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A tourists arrived in Kenya with 105 000 Hong Kong dollars and
changed the whole amount to Kenyan shillings. While in Kenya, she
pent Kshs 403 897 and changed the balance to South African rand before
leaving for South Africa. Calculate the amount, in South African rand
that she received.
11. A Kenyan businessman bought goods from Japan worth 2, 950 000
Japanese yen. On arrival in Kenya custom duty of 20% was charged on
the value of the goods.
If the exchange rates were as follows
1 US dollar = 118 Japanese Yen
1 US dollar = 76 Kenya shillings
Calculate the duty paid in Kenya shillings
12. Two businessmen jointly bought a minibus which could ferry 25

paying passengers when full. The fare between two towns A and B was
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Kshs. 80 per passenger for one way. The minibus made three round trips
between the two towns daily. The cost of fuel was Kshs 1500 per day.
The driver and the conductor were paid daily allowances of Kshs 200
and Kshs 150 respectively.
A further Kshs 4000 per day was set aside for maintenance.
(a) One day the minibus was full on every trip.
(i) How much money was collected from the passengers that day?
(ii) How much was the net profit?
(b) On another day, the minibus was 80% on the average for the three
round
trips. How much did each business get if the days profit was shared in
the ratio 2:3?
13. A traveler had sterling pounds 918 with which he bought Kenya
shillings at the rate of Kshs 84 per sterling pound. He did not spend the
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money as intended. Later, he used the Kenyan shillings to buy sterling

pound at the rate of Kshs. 85 per sterling pound. Calculate the amount of
money in sterling pounds lost in the whole transaction.
14. A commercial bank buys and sells Japanese Yen in Kenya shillings at
the rates shown below
Buying 0.5024
Selling 0.5446
A Japanese tourist at the end of his tour of Kenya was left with Kshs.
30000 which he converted to Japanese Yen through the commercial
bank. How many Japanese Yen did he get?
15. In the month of January, an insurance salesman earned Kshs. 6750

which was commission of 4.5% of the premiums paid to the company.
(a) Calculate the premium paid to the company.
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(b) In February the rate of commission was reduced by 662/3% and the
premiums reduced by 10% calculate the amount earned by the
salesman in the month of February
16. Akinyi, Bundi, Cura and Diba invested some money in a business in
the ratio of 7:9:10:14 respectively. The business realized a profit of Kshs
46800. They shared 12% of the profit equally and the remainder in the
ratio of their contributions. Calculate the total amount of money received
by Diba.
17. A telephone bill includes Kshs 4320 for a local calls Kshs 3260 for
trank calls and rental charge Kshs 2080. A value added tax (V.A.T) is
then charged at 15%, Find the total bill.
18. During a certain period. The exchange rates were as follows
1 sterling pound = Kshs 102.0
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1 sterling pound = 1.7 us dollar

1 U.S dollar = Kshs 60.6
A school management intended to import textbooks worth Kshs 500,000
from UK. It changed the money to sterling pounds. Later the
management found out that the books the sterling pounds to dollars.
Unfortunately a financial crisis arose and the money had to be converted
to Kenya shillings. Calculate the total amount of money the management
ended up with.
19. A fruiterer bought 144 pineapples at Kshs 100 for every six
pineapples. She sold some of them at Kshs 72 for every three and the
rest at Kshs 60 for every two.
If she made a 65% profit, calculate the number of pineapples sold at
Kshs 72 for every three.
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TOPIC 7:
GEOMETRY
1. A point B is on a bearing of 0800 from a port A and at a distance of 95 km. A
submarine is stationed at a port D, which is on a bearing of 200 0 from AM and
a distance of 124 km from B.
A ship leaves B and moves directly southwards to an island P, which is on a
bearing of 140 from A. The submarine at D on realizing that the ship was
heading fro the island P, decides to head straight for the island to intercept the
ship
Using a scale 0f 1 cm to represent 10 km, make a scale drawing showing the
relative positions of A, B, D, P.
Hence find
(i) The distance from A to D
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(ii) The bearing of the submarine from the ship was setting off from
B
(iii) The bearing of the island P from D
(iv) The distance the submarine had to cover to reach the island P
2. Four towns R, T, K and G are such that T is 84 km directly to the north R,
and K is on a bearing of 2950 from R at a distance of 60 km. G is on a bearing
of 3400 from K and a distance of 30 km. Using a scale of 1 cm to represent
10 km, make an accurate scale drawing to show the relative positions of the
town.
Find
(a)The distance and the bearing of T from K

(b) The distance and the bearing G from T
(c)The bearing of R from G
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3. Two aeroplanes, S and T leave airports A at the same time. S flies on a

bearing of 060 at 750 km/h while T flies on a bearing of 2100 at 900km/h.
(a) Using a suitable scale, draw a diagram to show the positions of the
aeroplane after two hours.
(b) Use your diagram to determine
(i) The actual distance between the two aeroplanes
(ii) The bearing of T from S
(iii) The bearing of S from T

4. A point A is directly below a window. Another point B is 15 m from A and
at the same horizontal level. From B angle of elevation of the top of the
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bottom of the window is 300 and the angle of elevation of the top of the
window is 350. Calculate the vertical distance.
(a) From A to the bottom of the window
(b) From the bottom to top of the window
5. Find by calculation the sum of all the interior angles in the figure
ABCDEFGHI below
6. Shopping centers X, Y and Z are such that Y is 12 km south of X and Z is

15 km from X. Z is on a bearing of 3300 from Y. Find the bearing of Z from
X.
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7. An electric pylon is 30m high. A point S on the top of the pylon is

vertically above another point R on the ground. Points A and B are on the
same horizontal ground as R. Point A due south of the pylon and the angle
of elevation of S from A is 260. Point B is due west of the pylon and the
angle of elevation of S from B is 320
Find the
(a) Distance from A and B
(b) Bearing of B from A
8. The figure below is a polygon in which AB = CD = FA = 12cm BC = EF =
4cm
and BAF =- CDE = 1200. AD is a line of symmetry.
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Find the area of the polygon.

9. The figure below shows a triangle ABC.
a) Using a ruler and a pair of compasses, determine a point D on the line

BC
such that BD:DC = 1:2.
b) Find the area of triangle ABD, given that AB = AC.
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10. A boat at point x is 200 m to the south of point Y. The boat sails X to
another
point Z. Point Z is 200m on a bearing of 3100 from X, Y and Z are on the
same horizontal plane.
(a)Calculate the bearing and the distance of Z from Y
(b) W is the point on the path of the boat nearest to Y.
Calculate the distance WY
(c)A vertical tower stands at point Y. The angle of point X from the top of
the tower is 60 calculate the angle of elevation of the top of the tower
from W.
11. The figure below shows a quadrilateral ABCD in which AB = 8 cm, DC =
12 cm,  BAD = 450,  CBD = 900 and BCD = 300.
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Find:
(a)The length of BD
(b) The size of the angle A D B
12. In the figure below, ABCDE is a regular pentagon and ABF is an
equilateral triangle
Find the size of

a)  ADE
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b)  AEF
c)  DAF
13. In this question use a pair of compasses and a ruler only
(a)construct triangle ABC such that AB = 6 cm, BC = 8cm and ABC
1350
(2 marks)
(b) Construct the height of triangle ABC in a) above taking BC as
the base
(1 mark)
0
14. The size of an interior angle of a regular polygon is 3x while its exterior
angle is (x- 20)0. Find the number of sides of the polygon
15. Points L and M are equidistant from another point K. The bearing of L
from K is 3300. The bearing of M from K is 2200.
Calculate the bearing of M from L
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16. Four points B,C,Q and D lie on the same plane point B is the 42 km due
south- west of town Q. Point C is 50 km on a bearing of 560 0 from Q. Point
D is equidistant from B, Q and C.
(a) Using the scale 1 cm represents 10 km, construct a diagram showing
the position of B, C, Q and D
(b) Determine the
(i) Distance between B and C
(ii) Bearing D from B
17. Two aeroplanes P and Q, leave an airport at the same time flies on a
bearing of 2400 at 900km/hr while Q flies due East at 750 km/hr
(a) Using a scale of 1v cm drawing to show the positions of the
aeroplanes after 40 minutes.
(b) Use the scale drawing to find the distance between the two aeroplane
after 40 minutes
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(c) Determine the bearing of

(i) P from Q ans 2540
(ii) Q from P ans 740
18. A port B is no a bearing of 080 from a port A and at a distance of 95 km. A

submarine is stationed port D which is on a bearing of 200 0 from A, and a
distance of 124 km from B.
A ship leaves B and moves directly southwards to an island P, which is on a
bearing of 1400 from A. The submarine at D on realizing that the ship was
heading for the island P decides to head straight for the island to intercept
the ship.
Using a scale of 1 cm to represent 10 km, make a scale drawing showing
the relative position of A, B D and P.
Hence find:
(i) The distance from A and D
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(ii) The bearing of the submarine from the ship when the ship was setting
off from B
(iii) The baring of the island P from D
(iv) The distance the submarine had to cover to reach the island
19. Four towns R, T, K and G are such that T is 84 km directly to the north R
and K is on a bearing of 2950 from R at a distance of 60 km. G is on a
bearing of 3400 from K and a distance of 30 km. Using a scale of 1 cm to
represent 10 km, make an acute scale drawing to show the relative positions
of the towns.
Find
(a) The distance and bearing of T from K
(b) The bearing of R from G
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20. In the figure below, ABCDE is a regular pentagon and M is the midpoint of
AB. DM intersects EB at N. (T7)
Find the size of

(a)  BAE
(b)  BED
(c)  BNM
21. Use a ruler and compasses in this question. Draw a parallelogram ABCD in
which AB = 8cm, BC = 6 cm and BAD = 75. By construction, determine
the perpendicular distance between AB and CD.
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22. The interior angles of the hexagon are 2x0, ½ x0, x + 400, 1100, 1300 and
1600. Find the value of the smallest angle.
23. The size of an interior angle of a regular polygon is 156 0. Find the number
of sides of the polygon.
TOPIC 8:
COMMON SOLIDS
1. The figure below shows a net of a prism whose cross – section is an
equilateral triangle.
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a) Sketch the prism

b) State the number of planes of symmetry of the prism.
2. The figure below represents a square based solid with a path marked on it.
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Sketch and label the net of the solid.

3. The figure below represents below represents a prism of length 7 cm
AB = AE = CD = 2 cm and BC – ED = 1 cm
Draw the net of the prism ( 3 marks)

4. The diagram below represents a right pyramid on a square base of side 3 cm.
The slant of the pyramid is 4 cm.
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(a) Draw a net of the pyramid ( 2 marks)

(b) On the net drawn, measure the height of a triangular face from the top
of
the Pyramid ( 1 mark)
5. (a) Draw a regular pentagon of side 4 cm ( 1 mark)
(b) On the diagram drawn, construct a circle which touches all the sides
of the pentagon ( 2 marks)
6. The figure below shows a solid regular tetrapack of sides 6 cm

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(a) Draw a net of the solid

(b) Find the surface area of the solid
7. The figure below shows a solid made by pasting two equal regular tetrahedral
(a) Draw a net of the solid

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(b) If each face is an equilateral triangle of side 5cm, find the surface area
of the solid.
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8. (a) Sketch the net of the prism shown below
(b) Find the surface area of the solid
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FORM TWO
TOPIC 1
NUMBERS
1. Use logarithms to evaluate
3 36.15 x 0.02573
1,938
2. Find the value of x which satisfies the equation.
16x2 = 84x-3
3. Use logarithms to evaluate ( 1934)2 x √ 0.00324
436
55.9 ÷ (02621 x 0.01177) 1/5
5. Simplify 2x x 52x  2-x
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(3.256 x 0.0536)1/3
7. Solve for x in the equation

32(x-3) ÷8 (x-4) = 64 ÷2x
8. Solve for x in the equations 812x x 27x = 729
9x
9. Use reciprocal and square tables to evaluate to 4 significant figures, the
expression:
1 + 4 .3462
24.56
10. Use logarithm tables, to evaluate
2/3
0.032 x 14.26
0.006
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11. Find the value of x in the following equation

49(x +1) + 7(2x) = 350

(0.07284)2
3√0.06195
13. Find the value of m in the following equation
(1/27m x (81)-1 = 243
14. Given that P = 3y express the equation 3(2y-1) + 2 x 3 (y-1) = 1 in terms of P
hence or otherwise find the value of y in the equation 3 (2y – 1) + 2 x 3 (y-1) = 1
15. Use logarithms to evaluate 55.9 (0.2621 x 0.01177)1/5

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¾
6.79 x 0.3911
Log 5
3 1.23 x 0.0089
79.54
18. Solve for x in the equation

X = 0.0056 ½
1.38 x 27.42
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TOPIC 2:
EQUATIONS OF LINES
1. The coordinates of the points P and Q are (1, -2) and (4, 10) respectively.
A point T divides the line PQ in the ratio 2: 1
(a) Determine the coordinates of T
(b) (i) Find the gradient of a line perpendicular to PQ
(ii) Hence determine the equation of the line perpendicular PQ and
passing through T
(iii) If the line meets the y- axis at R, calculate the distance TR, to three
significant figures
2. A line L1 passes though point (1, 2) and has a gradient of 5. Another line L2, is
perpendicular to L1 and meets it at a point where x = 4. Find the equation for
L2 in the form of y = mx + c
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3. P (5, -4) and Q (-1, 2) are points on a straight line. Find the equation of the
perpendicular bisector of PQ: giving the answer in the form y = mx+c.
4. On the diagram below, the line whose equation is 7y – 3x + 30 = 0 passes
though the
points A and B. Point A on the x-axis while point B is equidistant from x and
y axes.
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Calculate the co-ordinates of the points A and B

5. A line with gradient of -3 passes through the points (3. k) and (k.8). Find the
value of k and hence express the equation of the line in the form a ax + ab = c,
where a, b, and c are constants.
6. Find the equation of a straight line which is equidistant from the points (2, 3)
and (6, 1), expressing it in the form ax + by = c where a, b and c are constants.
7. The equation of a line -3/5x + 3y = 6. Find the:
(a) Gradient of the line (1 mk)
(b) Equation of a line passing through point (1, 2) and perpendicular to the
given line b
8. Find the equation of the perpendicular to the line x + 2y = 4 and passes
through point (2,1)
9. Find the equation of the line which passes through the points P (3,7) and Q
(6,1)
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10. Find the equation of the line whose x- intercepts is -2 and y- intercepts is
5
11. Find the gradient and y- intercept of the line whose equation is 4x – 3y – 9
=0
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TOPIC 3
TRANSFORMATIONS
1. A translation maps a point (1, 2) onto) (-2, 2). What would be the coordinates
of the object whose image is (-3, -3) under the same translation?
2. Use binomial expression to evaluate (0.96)5 correct to 4 significant figures
11. In the figure below triangle ABO represents a part of a school badge. The
badge has as symmetry of order 4 about O. Complete the figures to show the
badge.
B
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3. A point (-5, 4) is mapped onto (-1, -1) by a translation. Find the image of (-4,
5) under the same translation.
4. A triangle is formed by the coordinates A (2, 1) B (4, 1) and C (1, 6). It is
rotated
clockwise through 900 about the origin. Find the coordinates of this image.
5. The diagram on the grid provided below shows a trapezium ABCD
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On the same grid

(a) (i) Draw the image A’B’C’D of ABCD under a rotation of 90 0
clockwise about the origin .
(ii) Draw the image of A”B”C”D” of A’B’C’D’ under a reflection in

line y = x. State coordinates of A”B”C”D”.
(b) A”B”C”D” is the image of A”B”C”D under the reflection in the line
x=0.
Draw the image A”B” C”D” and state its coordinates.
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(c) Describe a single transformation that maps A” B”C”D onto ABCD.

6. A translation maps a point P(3,2) onto P’(5,4)
(a)Determine the translation vector
(b) A point Q’ is the image of the point Q (, 5) under the same translation.
Find the length of ‘P’ Q leaving the answer is surd form.
7. Two points P and Q have coordinates (-2, 3) and (1, 3) respectively. A
translation map point P to P’ ( 10, 10)
(a)Find the coordinates of Q’ the image of Q under the translation (1
mk)
(b) The position vector of P and Q in (a) above are p and q
respectively given that mp – nq = -12
9 Find the value of m and n (3mks)
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8. on the Cartesian plane below, triangle PQR has vertices P(2, 3), Q ( 1,2) and
R ( 4,1) while triangles P” q “ R” has vertices P” (-2, 3), Q” ( -1,2) and R” ( -
4, 1)
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(a) Describe fully a single transformation which maps triangle PQR onto
triangle P”Q”R”
(b) On the same plane, draw triangle P’Q’R’, the image of triangle PQR, under
reflection in line y = -x
(c) Describe fully a single transformation which maps triangle P’Q’R’ onto
triangle P”Q”R
(d) Draw triangle P”Q”R” such that it can be mapped onto triangle PQR by a
positive quarter turn about (0, 0)
(e) State all pairs of triangle that are oppositely congruent
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TOPIC 4:
MEASUREMENT
1. A solid cone of height 12 cm and radius 9 cm is recast into a solid sphere.
Calculate the surface area of the sphere.
2. A circular path of width 14 metres surrounds a field of diameter 70 metres.
The path is to be carpeted and the field is to have a concrete slab with an
exception of four rectangular holes each measuring 4 metres by 3 metres.
A contractor estimated the cost of carpeting the path at Kshs. 300 per square
metre and the cost of putting the concrete slab at Kshs 400 per square metre.
He then made a quotation which was 15% more than the total estimate. After
completing the job, he realized that 20% of the quotation was not spent.
(a) How much money was not spent?
(b) What was the actual cost of the contract?
3. In the figure below BAD and CBD are right angled triangles.
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D (2x – 1)m C
1m 1m
A xm B
Find the length of AB.
4. A cylinder of radius 14 cm contains water. A metal solid cone of base radius 7
cm and height 18 cm is submerged into the water. Find the change in height of
the water level in the cylinder.
5. A cyndrical container of radius 15 cm has some water in it. When a solid is
submerged into the water, the water level rises by 1.2 cm.
(a)Find, the volume of the water displaced by the solid leaving your
answer in terms of ∏
(b) If the solid is a circular cone of height 9 cm, calculate the radius of
the cone to 2 decimal places.
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6. A balloon, in the form of a sphere of radius 2 cm, is blown up so that the

volume increases by 237.5%. Determine the new volume of balloon in terms
of ∏
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A girl wanted to make a rectangular octagon of side 14 cm. She made it from a
square piece of a card of size y cm by cutting off four isosceles triangles whose
equal sides were x cm each, as shown below.
(a)Write down an expression for the octagon in terms of x and y

(b) Find the value of x
(c)Find the area of the octagon
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7. A pyramid VABCD has a rectangular horizontal base ABCD with AB= 12 cm

and BC = 9 cm. The vertex V is vertically above A and VA = 6 cm. calculate
the volume of the pyramid.
8. A solid made up of a conical frustrum and a hemisphere top as shown in the
figure below. The dimensions are as indicated in the figure.
(a) Find the area of

(i) The circular base
(ii) The curved surface of the frustrum
(iii) The hemisphere surface
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(b) A similar solid has a total area of 81.51 cm2. Determine the radius of
its base.
9. Two sides of triangles are 5 cm each and the angle between them is 120 0.
Calculate the area of the triangle.
10. The figure below represents a kite ABCD, AB = AD = 15 cm. The
diagonals BD and AC intersect at O. AC = 30 cm and AO = 12 cm.
Find the area of the kite

11. The diagram below represents a solid made up of a hemisphere mounted on
a
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cone. The radius of the hemisphere are each 6 cm and the height of the cone is
9 cm.
Calculate the volume of the solid take ‫( = ח‬22/7)

12. The internal and external diameters of a circular ring are 6 cm and 8cm
respectively. Find the volume of the ring if its thickness is 2 millimeters.
2003
13. A wire of length 21 cm is bent to form the shape down in the figure below,
ABCD is a rectangle and AEB is an equilateral triangle. (2mks)
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If the length of AD of the rectangle is 1 ½ times its width, calculate the

width of the rectangle.
14. The length of a hallow cylindrical pipe is 6 metres. Its external diameter is
11 cm and has a thickness of 1 cm. Calculate the volume in cm3 of the
material used to make the pipe. Take π as 3.142.
15. The figure below represents a hexagon of side 5 cm and 20 cm height
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Find the volume of the prism.

16. A cylindrical piece of wood of radius 4.2 cm and length 150 cm is cut
length into
two equal pieces.
Calculate the surface area of one piece
(Take π as 22/7
17. The figure below is a model representing a storage container. The model
whose total height is 15 cm is made up of a conical top, a hemispherical
bottom and the middle part is cylindrical. The radius of the base of the cone
and that of the hemisphere are each 3 cm. The height of the cylindrical part is
8cm.
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(a) Calculate the external surface area of the model

(b) The actual storage container has a total height of 6 metres. The
outside of the actual storage container is to be painted. Calculate the
amount of paint required if an area of 20m2 requires 0.75 litres of the
paint.
18. A garden measures 10m long and 8 m wide. A path of uniform width is
made all round the garden. The total area of the garden and the paths is 168
m2.
(a)Find the width of the path
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(b) The path is to be covered with square concrete slabs. Each corner of
the path is covered with a slab whose side is equal to the width of the path.
The rest of the path is covered with slabs of side 50 cm. The cost of making
each corner slab is Kshs 600 while the cost of making each smaller slab is
Kshs 50.
Calculate
(i) The number of smaller slabs used
(ii) The total cost of the slabs used to cover the whole path
19. A cylindrical solid of radius 5 cm and length 12 cm floats lengthwise in
water to a depth of 2.5 cm as shown in the figure below.
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Calculate the area of the curved surface of the solid in contact with water,
correct to 4 significant figures
20. Two cylindrical containers are similar. The larger one has internal cross-
section area of 45 cm2 and can hold 0.945 litres of liquid when full. The
smaller container has internal cross- section area of 20 cm2
(a)Calculate the capacity of the smaller container
(b) The larger container is filled with juice to a height of 13 cm. Juice is
then drawn from is and emptied into the smaller container until the depths
of the juice in both containers are equal.
Calculate the depths of juice in each container.
(c)On fifth of the juice in the larger container in part (b) above is further
drawn and emptied into the smaller container. Find the difference in the
depths of the juice in the two containers.
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22. A metal bar is a hexagonal prism whose length is 30 cm, the cross section is
a regular hexagon with each side of length 6 cm
Find
(i) The area of the hexagonal face (3mks)
(ii) The volume of the metal bar (2mks)
23. A cylindrical water tank of diameter 7 metres and height 2.8 metres
(a) Find the capacity of the water tank in litres
(b) Six members of family use 15 litres each per day. Each day 80 litres
are
sued for cooking and washing and a further 60 litrese are wasted.
Find the number of complete days a full tank would last the family
(2mks)
(c) Two members of the family were absent for 90 days. During the 90
days wastage was reduced by 20% but cooking and washing remained
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the same. Calculate the number of days a full tank would now last the
family
24. Pieces of soap are packed in a cuboid container measuring 36 cm by 24 cm

by 18 cm. Each piece of soap is a similar to the container. If the linear scale
factor between the container and the soap is 1/6 find the volume of each
piece of soap.
25. A pyramid of height 10cm stands, on a square base ABCD of side 6 cm.
(a) Draw a sketch of the pyramid
(b) Calculate the perpendicular distance from the vertex to the side AB.
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TOPIC 5
QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
1. Simplify
2x – 2 ÷ x–1
6x – x – 12
2
2x – 3
2. Solve the simultaneous equations
2x – y = 3
x2 – xy = -4
3. Find the value of x in the following equations:
49x + 1 + 72x = 350
4. Simplify completely
3x2 – 1 – 2x + 1
x2 – 1 x+1
5. Factorize completely 3x2 – 2 xy – y2
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6. Factorize a2 – b2
Hence find the exact value of 25572 - 25472
7. If x2 + y2 = 29 and x + y = 3
(a)Determine the values of
(i) x2 + 2xy + y2
(ii) 2xy
(iii) x2 – 2xy + y2
(iv) x – y
(b) Find the value of x and y
8. Simplify the expression 3a2 + 4ab+ b2
4a2 + 3ab – b2
9. (a) Write an expression in terms of x and y for the total value of a two
digit
number having x as the tens digit and y as the units digit.
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b) The number in (a) above is such that three times the sum of its digits
is less than the value of the number by 8. When the digits are reversed
the value of the number increases by 9. Find the number xy.
10. Simplify the expression 2a2 – 3 ab – 2b2
4a2 – b2
11. Simplify the expression 9t2 – 25a2
6t2 + 19 at + 15a2
12. Simplify
P2 + 2pq + q2
P3 – pq2 + p2q – q3
13. Expand the expression ( x2 – y2) ( x2 + y2) ( x4 – y4)
14. The sum of two numbers x and y is 40. Write down an expression, in terms
of x, for the sum of the squares of the two numbers.
Hence determine the minimum value of x2 + y2
15. Simplify the expression 15a2b – 10ab2
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– 5ab + 2b2
16. Four farmers took their goats to the market Mohamed had two more goats
than Ali Koech had 3 times as many goats as Mohamed. Whereas Odupoy had
10 goats less than both Mohamed and Koech.
(i) Write a simplified algebraic expression with one variable.
Representing the total number of goats
(ii) Three butchers bought all the goats and shared them equally. If each
butcher got 17 goats. How many did Odupoy sell to the butchers?
17. Find the value of x which satisfies the equation 162x = 84x – 3
18. Mary has 21 coins whose total value is Kshs 72. There are twice as many
five shillings coins as there are ten shillings coins. The rest one shilling coins.
Find the number of ten shilling coins that Mary has.
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x- 1 - 2x + 1
x 3x
Hence solve the equation x – 1 - 2x + 1 = 2
x 3x 3
y
20. Given that P= 3 express the equation
32y-1 + 2 x 3y-1 = 1 in terms of P.
Hence or otherwise find the value of y in the equation 3 2y-1 + 2 x 3y-1 = 1

4x2 – y2
2x2 – 7xy + 3y
22. Three years ago Juma was three times as old as Ali. In two years time the
sum of their ages will be 62. Determine their present ages.
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23. Simplify
x - 2 – 2x + 20
x+2 x2 - 4
24. If the expression 25y2 – 70y + d is a perfect square, where d is a constant,
find the value of d
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TOPIC 6
INEQUALITIES
1. Find the range of x if 2≤ 3 – x <5
2. Find all the integral values of x which satisfy the inequalities:
2(2-x) <4x -9<x + 11
3. Solve the inequality and show the solution
3 – 2x  x ≤ 2x + 5 on the number line
3
4. Solve the inequality x – 3 + x – 5 ≤ 4x + 6 -1
4 6 8
5. A family is planning a touring holiday, during which time (x days) will be
spent walking and the rest of the time (y days) in traveling by bus. Each day
they can walk 30 km or travel 80 km by bus and they wish to travel at
least 600 km altogether.
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The holiday must not last more than 14 days. Each day walking will cost
Kshs. 200 and each day traveling by bus will cost Kshs. 1400. The holiday
must not cost more than Kshs 9800
(a) Write down all the inequalities in x and y based on the above facts
(b) Represent the inequalities graphically
(c) Use the graph to determine the integral values of x and y which give
(i) The cheapest holiday
(ii) The longest distance traveled
TOPIC 7
CIRCLES
1. In the figure below CP= CQ and <CQP = 160 0. If ABCD is a cyclic
quadrilateral, find < BAD.
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2. In the figure below AOC is a diameter of the circle centre O; AB = BC and <
ACD = 250, EBF is a tangent to the circle at B.G is a point on the minor arc
CD.
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(a) Calculate the size of

(i) < BAD
(ii) The Obtuse < BOD
(iii) < BGD
(b) Show the < ABE = < CBF. Give reasons
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3. In the figure below PQR is the tangent to circle at Q. TS is a diameter and

TSR and QUV are straight lines. QS is parallel to TV. Angles SQR = 400 and
angle TQV = 550
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Find the following angles, giving reasons for each answer

(a) QST
(b) QRS
(c) QVT
(d) UTV
4. In the figure below, QOT is a diameter. QTR = 480, TQR = 760 and SRT =
370
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Calculate
(a) <RST
(b) <SUT
(c) Obtuse <ROT
5. In the figure below, points O and P are centers of intersecting circles ABD
and
BCD respectively. Line ABE is a tangent to circle BCD at B. Angle BCD =
420
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(a) Stating reasons, determine the size of

(i) <CBD
(ii) Reflex <BOD
(b) Show that ∆ ABD is isosceles
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6. The diagram below shows a circle ABCDE. The line FEG is a tangent to
the circle at point E. Line DE is parallel to CG, < DEC = 28 0 and <
0
AGE = 32
Calculate:
(a) < AEG
(b) < ABC
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7. In the figure below R, T and S are points on a circle centre O PQ is a

tangent to
the circle at T. POR is a straight line and  QPR = 200
Find the size of  RST

8. The figure below shows a circle centre O and a point Q which is outside
the
circle
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Using a ruler and a pair of compasses, only locate a point on the circle such
that angle OPQ = 90o
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TOPIC 8
LINEAR MOTION
PAST KCSE QUESTION ON THE TOPIC
1. Two towns P and Q are 400 km apart. A bus left P for Q. It stopped at Q for
one hour and then started the return journey to P. One hour after the
departure of the bus from P, a trailer also heading for Q left P. The trailer
met the returning bus ¾ of the way from P to Q. They met t hours after the
departure of the bus from P.
(a)Express the average speed of the trailer in terms of t
(b) Find the ration of the speed of the bus so that of the trailer.
2. The athletes in an 800 metres race take 104 seconds and 108 seconds
respectively to complete the race. Assuming each athlete is running at a
constant speed. Calculate the distance between them when the faster athlete
is at the finishing line.
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3. A and B are towns 360 km apart. An express bus departs form A at 8 am

and maintains an average speed of 90 km/h between A and B. Another bus
starts from B also at 8 am and moves towards A making four stops at four
equally spaced points between B and A. Each stop is of duration 5 minutes
and the average speed between any two spots is 60 km/h. Calculate distance
between the two buses at 10 am.
4. Two towns A and B are 220 km apart. A bus left town A at 11. 00 am and
traveled towards B at 60 km/h. At the same time, a matatu left town B for
town A and traveled at 80 km/h. The matatu stopped for a total of 45
minutes on the way before meeting the bus. Calculate the distance covered
by the bus before meeting the matatu.
5. A bus travels from Nairobi to Kakamega and back. The average speed from
Nairobi to Kakamega is 80 km/hr while that from Kakamega to Nairobi is
50 km/hr, the fuel consumption is 0.35 litres per kilometer and at 80 km/h,
the consumption is 0.3 litres per kilometer .Find
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i) Total fuel consumption for the round trip

ii) Average fuel consumption per hour for the round trip.
6. The distance between towns M and N is 280 km. A car and a lorry travel
from M to N. The average speed of the lorry is 20 km/h less than that of the
car. The lorry takes 1h 10 min more than the car to travel from M and N.
(a) If the speed of the lorry is x km/h, find x (5mks)
(b) The lorry left town M at 8: 15 a.m. The car left town M and overtook the
lorry at 12.15 p.m. Calculate the time the car left town M.
7. A bus left Mombasa and traveled towards Nairobi at an average speed of
60 km/hr. after 21/2 hours; a car left Mombasa and traveled along the same
road at an average speed of 100 km/ hr. If the distance between Mombasa
and Nairobi is 500 km, Determine
(a) (i) The distance of the bus from Nairobi when the car took off
(2mks)
(ii) The distance the car traveled to catch up with the bus
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(b) Immediately the car caught up with the bus

(c) The car stopped for 25 minutes. Find the new average speed at which
the car traveled in order to reach Nairobi at the same time as the bus.
8. A rally car traveled for 2 hours 40 minutes at an average speed of 120

km/h. The car consumes an average of 1 litre of fuel for every 4 kilometers.
A litre of the fuel costs Kshs 59
Calculate the amount of money spent on fuel
9. A passenger notices that she had forgotten her bag in a bus 12 minutes after
the bus had left. To catch up with the bus she immediately took a taxi
which traveled at 95 km/hr. The bus maintained an average speed of 75 km/
hr. determine
(a) The distance covered by the bus in 12 minutes
(b) The distance covered by the taxi to catch up with the bus
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10. The athletes in an 800 metre race take 104 seconds and 108 seconds
respectively to complete the race. Assuming each athlete is running at a
constant speed. Calculate the distance between them when the faster athlete
is at the finishing line.
11. Mwangi and Otieno live 40 km apart. Mwangi starts from his home at 7.30
am and cycles towards Otieno’s house at 16 km/ h Otieno starts from his
home at 8.00 and cycles at 8 km/h towards Mwangi at what time do they
meet?
12. A train moving at an average speed of 72 km/h takes 15 seconds to

completely cross a bridge that is 80m long.
(a) Express 72 km/h in metres per second
(b) Find the length of the train in metres
FORM 3
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TOPIC 1
QUADRATIC EXPRESSIONS AND EQUATIONS
1. The table shows the height metres of an object thrown vertically upwards
varies with the time t seconds
The relationship between s and t is represented by the equations s = at2 + bt
+ 10 where b are constants.
t 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
s 45.1
(a)(i) Using the information in the table, determine the values of a and
b
(2 marks)
(ii) Complete the table (1 mark)
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(b)(i) Draw a graph to represent the relationship between s and t (3

marks)
(ii) Using the graph determine the velocity of the object when t = 5
seconds
2. (a) Construct a table of value for the function y = x 2 – x – 6 for -3≤ x ≤ 4
(b) On the graph paper draw the graph of the function
Y=x2 – x – 6 for -3 ≤ x ≤4
(c) By drawing a suitable line on the same grid estimate the roots of the
equation x2 + 2x – 2 =0
3. (a) Draw the graph of y= 6+x-x2, taking integral value of x in -4 ≤ x ≤ 5.
(The
grid is provided. Using the same axes draw the graph of y = 2 – 2x
(b) From your graphs, find the values of X which satisfy the simultaneous
equations y = 6 + x - x2
y = 2 – 2x
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(c) Write down and simplify a quadratic equation which is satisfied by

the
values of x where the two graphs intersect.
4. (a) Complete the following table for the equation y = x 3 – 5x2 + 2x + 9
x -2 -1.5 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
2
x -3.4 -1 0 1 27 64 125
-5x2 -20 -11.3 -5 0 -1 -20 -45
2x -4 -3 0 2 4 6 8 10
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 99
-8.7 9 7 -3
(b) On the grid provided draw the graph of y = x 3 – 5x2 + 2x + 9 for -2 ≤

x≤5
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(c) Using the graph estimate the root of the equation x 3 – 5x2 + 2 + 9 = 0
between x =
2 and x = 3
(d) Using the same axes draw the graph of y = 4 – 4x and estimate a
solution to the
equation x2 – 5x2 + 6x + 5 =0
5. (a) Complete the table below, for function y = 2x2 + 4x -3
x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
2x2 32 8 2 0 2
4x - -11 -3 5
3
y -3 3 13
(b) On the grid provided, draw the graph of the function y=2x 2 + 4x -3 for
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-4 ≤ x ≤ 2 and use the graph to estimate the rots of the equation

2x2+4x – 3 = 0 to 1 decimal place.
(2mks)
(c) In order to solve graphically the equation 2x 2 +x -5 =0, a straight line
must be drawn to intersect the curve y = 2x2 + 4x – 3. Determine the
equation of this straight line, draw the straight line hence obtain the
roots.
2x2 + x – 5 to 1 decimal place.
6. (a) (i) Complete the table below for the function y = x 3 + x2 – 2x
(2mks)
x -3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 2 2.5

x3 15.6 - 1
3 0.13
x2 4 0.2 6.25
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5
-2x 1 -2
y 1.8 0.6 16.8
7 3 8
(ii)On the grid provided, draw the graph of y = x3 + x2 – 2x for the

values of x in the interval – 3 ≤ x ≤ 2.5
(iii) State the range of negative values of x for which y is also
negative
(b) Find the coordinates of two points on the curve other than (0, 0) at
which x- coordinate and y- coordinate are equal
7. The table shows some corresponding values of x and y for the curve
represented by Y = ¼ x3 -2
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X -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Y - -4 - -2 - 0 4.
8.8 2.3 1.8 8
On the grid provided below, draw the graph of y = ¼ x2 -2 for -3 ≤ x ≤3.

Use the graph to estimate the value of x when y = 2
8. A retailer planned to buy some computers form a wholesaler for a total of
Kshs 1,800,000. Before the retailer could buy the computers the price per
unit was reduced by Kshs 4,000. This reduction in price enabled the retailer
to buy five more computers using the same amount of money as originally
planned.
(a) Determine the number of computers the retailer bought
(b) Two of the computers purchased got damaged while in store, the rest
were sold and the retailer made a 15% profit Calculate the profit made
by the retailer on each computer sold
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9. The figure below is a sketch of the graph of the quadratic function y = k

( x+1) (x-2)
Find the value of k

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10. (a) Draw the graph of y= x2 – 2x + 1 for values -2 ≤ x ≤ 4

(b) Use the graph to solve the equations x2 – 4= 0 abd line y = 2x +5
11. (a) Draw the graph of y = x3 + x2 – 2x for -3≤ x ≤ 3 take scale of 2cm to
represent 5 units as the horizontal axis
(b) Use the graph to solve x3 + x 2 – 6 -4 = 0 by drawing a suitable linear
graph on the same axes.
12. Solve graphically the simultaneous equations 3x – 2y = 5 and 5x + y = 17
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TOPIC 2
APPROXIMATION AND ERRORS
1. (a) Work out the exact value of R = 1_________
0.003146 - 0.003130
(b) An approximate value of R may be obtained by first correcting each
of the decimal in the denominator to 5 decimal places
(i) The approximate value
(ii) The error introduced by the approximation
2. The radius of circle is given as 2.8 cm to 2 significant figures
(a)If C is the circumference of the circle, determine the limits between
which C/π lies
(b) By taking ∏ to be 3.142, find, to 4 significant figures the line between
which the circumference lies.
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3. The length and breath of a rectangular floor were measured and found to be
4.1 m and 2.2 m respectively. If possible error of 0.01 m was made in each
of the measurements, find the:
(a)Maximum and minimum possible area of the floor
(b) Maximum possible wastage in carpet ordered to cover the whole
floor
4. In this question Mathematical Tables should not be used
The base and perpendicular height of a triangle measured to the nearest
centimeter
are 6 cm and 4 cm respectively.
Find
(a) The absolute error in calculating the area of the triangle
(b) The percentage error in the area, giving the answer to 1 decimal place
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5. By correcting each number to one significant figure, approximate the value

of 788 x 0.006. Hence calculate the percentage error arising from this
approximation.
6. A rectangular block has a square base whose side is exactly 8 cm. Its height
measured to the nearest millimeter is 3.1 cm
Find in cubic centimeters, the greatest possible error in calculating its
volume.
7. Find the limits within the area of a parallegram whose base is 8cm and
height is 5 cm lies. Hence find the relative error in the area
8. Find the minimum possible perimeter of a regular pentagon whose side is
15.0cm.
9. Given the number 0.237
(i) Round off to two significant figures and find the round off error
(ii) Truncate to two significant figures and find the truncation error
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10. The measurements a = 6.3, b= 15.8, c= 14.2 and d= 0.00173 have

maximum possible errors of 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% respectively. Find the
maximum possible percentage error in ad/bc correct to 1sf.
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TOPIC 3
TRIGONOMETRY 1
PAST KCSE QUESTIONS ON THE TOPIC 1
Sin 5 θ = -1 for 00 ≤ 0 ≤ 1800
2 2
2. Given that sin θ = /3 and is an acute angle find:
2
(a)Tan θ giving your answer in surd form

(b) Sec2 θ
3. Solve the equation 2 sin2(x-300) = cos 600 for – 1800 ≤ x ≤ 1800
4. Given that sin (x + 30)0 = cos 2x0for 00, 00 ≤ x ≤900 find the value of x.
Hence find the value of cos 23x0.
5. Given that sin a =1 where a is an acute angle find, without using
√5
Mathematical tables
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(a) Cos a in the form of a√b, where a and b are rational numbers
(b) Tan (900 – a).
6. Give that xo is an angle in the first quadrant such that 8 sin2 x + 2 cos x -5=0
Find:
a) Cos x
b) tan x
7. Given that Cos 2x0 = 0.8070, find x when 00 ≤ x ≤ 3600
8 The figure below shows a quadrilateral ABCD in which AB = 8 cm, DC =
12 cm, < BAD = 450, < CBD = 900 and BCD = 300.
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Find:
(a) The length of BD
(b) The size of the angle ADB
9. The diagram below represents a school gate with double shutters. The
shutters are such opened through an angle of 63 0.
The edges of the gate, PQ and RS are each 1.8 m
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Calculate the shortest distance QS, correct to 4 significant figures

10. The figure below represents a quadrilateral piece of land ABCD divided
into three triangular plots. The lengths BE and CD are 100m and 80m
respectively. Angle ABE = 300 ACE = 450 and  ACD = 1000
(a)Find to four significant figures:

(i) The length of AE
(ii) The length of AD
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(iii) The perimeter of the piece of land
(b) The plots are to be fenced with five strands of barbed wire leaving an
entrance of 2.8 m wide to each plot. The type of barbed wire to be used is
sold in rolls of lengths 480m. Calculate the number of rolls of barbed wire
that must be bought to complete the fencing of the plots.
11. Given that x is an acute angle and cos x = 2 5, find without using
mathematical
5
tables or a calculator, tan ( 90 – x)0.
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12. In the figure below A = 620, B = 410, BC = 8.4 cm and CN is the

bisector of ACB.
Calculate the length of CN to 1 decimal place.

13. In the diagram below PA represents an electricity post of height 9.6 m. BB
and RC represents two storey buildings of heights 15.4 m and 33.4 m
respectively. The angle of depression of A from B is 5.5 0 While the angle
of elevation of C from B is 30.50 and BC = 35m.
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(a) Calculate, to the nearest metre, the distance AB

(b) By scale drawing find,
(i) The distance AC in metres
(ii)  BCA and hence determine the angle of depression of A from
C
TOPIC 4
SURDS AND FURTHER LOGARITHM
1. Without using logarithm tables, find the value of x in the equation
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Log x3 + log 5x = 5 log2 – log 2

5
2. Simplify (1 ÷ √3) (1 - √3)
Hence evaluate 1 to 3 s.f. given that √3 = 1.7321
1 + √3
3. If √14 - √ 14 = a√7 + b√2
√7-√2 √ 7 + √ 2
Find the values of a and b where a and b are rational numbers.
4. Find the value of x in the following equation 49(x+1) + 7(2x) = 350
5. Find x if 3 log 5 + log x2 = log 1/125
6. Simplify as far as possible leaving your answer inform of a surd
1 - 1
√14 - 2 √3 √14 + 2 √3
7. Given that tan 750 = 2 + √3, find without using tables tan 150 in the form
p+q√m, where p, q and m are integers.
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8. Without using mathematical tables, simplify
63 + 72
32 + 28
9. Simplify 3 + 1 leaving the answer in the form a + b c, where a, b and
c
5 -2 5
are rational numbers
10. Given that P = 3y express the questions 32y -1) + 2 x 3(y-1) = 1 in terms of P
Hence or otherwise find the value of y in the equation: 3(2y-1) + 2 x 3(y-1) =1
11. Solve for (log3x)2 – ½ log3x = 3/2
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12. Find the values of x which satisfy the equation 52x – 6 (5x) + 5 =0

Log (x + 24) – 2 log 3 = log (9-2x)
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TOPIC 5
COMMERCIAL ARITHMETIC
1. A business woman opened an account by depositing Kshs. 12,000 in a bank
on 1st July 1995. Each subsequent year, she deposited the same amount on
1st July. The bank offered her 9% per annum compound interest. Calculate
the total amount in her account on
(a) 30th June 1996
(b) 30th June 1997
2. A construction company requires to transport 144 tonnes of stones to sites
A and
B. The company pays Kshs 24,000 to transport 48 tonnes of stone for every
28
km. Kimani transported 96 tonnes to a site A, 49 km away.
(a) Find how much he paid
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(b) Kimani spends Kshs 3,000 to transport every 8 tonnes of stones to

site.
Calculate his total profit.
(c) Achieng transported the remaining stones to sites B, 84 km away. If
she made 44% profit, find her transport cost.
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3. The table shows income tax rates

Monthly taxable Rate of tax Kshs in
pay 1 K£
1 – 435 2
436 – 870 3
871-1305 4
1306 – 1740 5
Excess Over 6
1740
A company employee earn a monthly basic salary of Kshs 30,000 and is

also given taxable allowances amounting to Kshs 10, 480.
(a) Calculate the total income tax
(b) The employee is entitled to a personal tax relief of Kshs 800 per
month.
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Determine the net tax.

(c) If the employee received a 50% increase in his total income, calculate
the
corresponding percentage increase on the income tax.
4. A house is to be sold either on cash basis or through a loan. The cash price
is Kshs.750, 000. The loan conditions area as follows: there is to be down
payment
of 10% of the cash price and the rest of the money is to be paid through a
loan
at 10% per annum compound interest.
A customer decided to buy the house through a loan.
a) (i) Calculate the amount of money loaned to the customer.
(ii) The customer paid the loan in 3 year’s. Calculate the total
amount
paid for the house.
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b) Find how long the customer would have taken to fully pay for the
house
if she paid a total of Kshs 891,750.
5. A businessman obtained a loan of Kshs. 450,000 from a bank to buy a
matatu valued at the same amount. The bank charges interest at 24% per
annum compound quarterly
a) Calculate the total amount of money the businessman paid to clear the
loan in 1 ½ years.
b) The average income realized from the matatu per day was Kshs. 1500.
The matatu worked for 3 years at an average of 280 days year.
Calculate the total income from the matatu.
c) During the three years, the value of the matatu depreciated at the rate
of 16% per annum. If the businessman sold the matatu at its new
value, calculate the total profit he realized by the end of three years.
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6. A bank either pays simple interest as 5% p.a or compound interest 5% p.a

on deposits. Nekesa deposited Kshs P in the bank for two years on simple
interest terms. If she had deposited the same amount for two years on
compound interest terms, she would have earned Kshs 210 more.
Calculate without using Mathematics Tables, the values of P
7. (a) A certain sum of money is deposited in a bank that pays simple
interest at
a certain rate. After 5 years the total amount of money in an account is
Kshs 358 400. The interest earned each year is 12 800
Calculate
(i) The amount of money which was deposited (2mks)
(ii) The annual rate of interest that the bank paid (2mks)
(b) A computer whose marked price is Kshs 40,000 is sold at Kshs
56,000 on hire purchase terms.
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(i) Kioko bought the computer on hire purchase term. He paid a deposit
of 25% of the hire purchase price and cleared the balance by equal
monthly installments of Kshs 2625. Calculate the number of
installments (3mks)
(ii) Had Kioko bought the computer on cash terms he would have been
allowed a discount of 12 ½ % on marked price. Calculate the
difference between the cash price and the hire purchase price and
express as a percentage of the cash price
(iii) Calculate the difference between the cash price and hire purchase
price and express it as a percentage of the cash price.
8. The table below is a part of tax table for monthly income for the year 2004
Monthly taxable income Tax rate

In ( Kshs) percentage
(%) in each
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shillings
Under Kshs 9681 10%
From Kshs 9681 but 15%
under 18801
From Kshs 18801 but 20%
27921
In the tax year 2004, the tax of Kerubo’s monthly income was Kshs 1916.
Calculate Kerubo’s monthly income
9. The cash price of a T.V set is Kshs 13, 800. A customer opts to buy the set
on hire purchase terms by paying a deposit of Kshs 2280.
If simple interest of 20 p. a is charged on the balance and the customer is
required to repay by 24 equal monthly installments. Calculate the amount
of each installment.
10. A plot of land valued at Kshs. 50,000 at the start of 1994.
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Thereafter, every year, it appreciated by 10% of its previous years value

find:
(a) The value of the land at the start of 1995
(b) The value of the land at the end of 1997
11. The table below shows Kenya tax rates in a certain year.
Income K £ per Tax rates Kshs

annum per K £
1- 4512 2
4513 - 9024 3
9025 - 13536 4
13537 - 18048 5
18049 - 22560 6
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Over 22560 6.5
In that year Muhando earned a salary of Kshs. 16510 per month. He was
entitled to a monthly tax relief of Kshs. 960
Calculate
(a) Muhando’s annual salary in K £
(b) (i) The monthly tax paid by Muhando in Kshs
14. A tailor intends to buy a sewing machine which costs Kshs 48,000. He
borrows the money from a bank. The loan has to be repaid at the end of the
second year. The bank charges an interest at the rate of 24% per annum
compounded half yearly. Calculate the total amount payable to the bank.
15. The average rate of depreciation in value of a water pump is 9% per annum.
After three complete years its value was Kshs 150,700. Find its value at the
start of the three year period.
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16. A water pump costs Kshs 21600 when new, at the end of the first year its
value depreciates by 25%. The depreciation at the end of the second year is
20% and thereafter the rate of depreciation is 15% yearly. Calculate the
exact value of the water pump at the end of the fourth year.
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TOPIC 6
CIRCLES, CHORDS AND TANGENTS
1. The figure below represents a circle a diameter 28 cm with a sector
subtending an angle of 750 at the centre.
Find the area of the shaded segment to 4 significant figures

(a) <PST
2. The figure below represents a rectangle PQRS inscribed in a circle centre 0
and radius 17 cm. PQ = 16 cm.
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Calculate
(a)The length PS of the rectangle
(b) The angle POS
(c)The area of the shaded region
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3. In the figure below, BT is a tangent to the circle at B. AXCT and BXD are
straight lines. AX = 6 cm, CT = 8 cm, BX = 4.8 cm and XD = 5 cm.
Find the length of

(a) XC
(b) BT
4. The figure below shows two circles each of radius 7 cm, with centers at X
and Y. The circles touch each other at point Q.
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Given that <AXD = <BYC = 1200 and lines AB, XQY and DC are parallel,
calculate the area of:
a) Minor sector XAQD (Take π 22/7)
b) The trapezium XABY
c) The shaded regions.
5. The figure below shows a circle, centre, O of radius 7 cm. TP and TQ are
tangents to the circle at points P and Q respectively. OT =25 cm.
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Calculate the length of the chord PQ

6. The figure below shows a circle centre O and a point Q which is outside the
circle
O
Q
Using a ruler and a pair of compasses, only locate a point on the circle such
that angle OPQ = 90o
7. In the figure below, PQR is an equilateral triangle of side 6 cm. Arcs QR,
PR and PQ arcs of circles with centers at P, Q and R respectively.
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Calculate the area of the shaded region to 4 significant figures

8. In the figure below AB is a diameter of the circle. Chord PQ intersects AB
at N. A tangent to the circle at B meets PQ produced at R.
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Given that PN = 14 cm, NB = 4 cm and BR = 7.5 cm, calculate the length

of:
(a) NR
(b) AN
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TOPIC 7
MATRICES
1. A and B are two matrices. If A = 1 2 find B given that A 2 = A + B
4 3
2. Given that A= 1 3 , B= 3 1 , C = p 0 and AB =BC, determine the
value of P
5 3 5 -1 0 q
3. A matrix A is given by A = x 0
5 y
2
a) Determine A
1 0 ,
b) If A2 =0 1 determine the possible pairs of values of x and
y
4. (a) Find the inverse of the matrix 9 8
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7 6
(b) In a certain week a businessman bought 36 bicycles and 32 radios for
total of Kshs 227 280. In the following week, he bought 28 bicycles
and 24 radios for a total of Kshs 174 960. Using matrix method, find
the price of each bicycle and each radio that he bought
(c) In the third week, the price of each bicycle was reduced by 10% while
the price of each radio was raised by 10%. The businessman bought
as many bicycles and as many radios as he had bought in the first two
weeks.
Find by matrix method, the total cost of the bicycles and radios that
the businessman bought in the third week.
5. Determine the inverse T-1 of the matrix 1 2

1 -1
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Hence find the coordinates to the point at which the two lines x + 2y=7 and
x-y=1
6. Given that A = 0 -1 and B = -1 0

3 2 2 -4
Find the value of x if
(i) A – 2x = 2B
(ii) 3x – 2A = 3B
(iii) 2A – 3B = 2x
7. Find the non- zero value of k for which k + 1 2 is an inverse.
4k 2k
8. A clothes dealer sold 3 shirts and 2 trousers for Kshs. 840 and 4 shirts and 5
trousers for Kshs 1680. Form a matrix equation to represent the above
information. Hence find the cost of 1 shirt and the cost of 1 trouser.
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TOPIC 8
FORMULAE AND VARIATIONS
1. The volume Vcm3 of an object is given by
V = 2 π r3 1 – 2
3 sc2
Express in term of π r, s and V

2. Make V the subject of the formula
T = 1 m (u2 – v2)
2
3. Given that y =b – bx make x the subject
2
cx2 – a
4. Given that log y = log (10n) make n the subject
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5. A quantity T is partly constant and partly varies as the square root of S.

i. Using constants a and b, write down an equation connecting T and
S.
ii. If S = 16, when T = 24 and S = 36 when T = 32, find the values
of the constants a and b,
6. A quantity P is partly constant and partly varies inversely as a quantity q,
given that p = 10 when q = 1.5 and p = 20, when q = 1.25, find the value of
p when q= 0.5
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7. Make y the subject of the formula p = xy

x-y
8. Make P the subject of the formula
P2 = (P – q) (P-r)
9. The density of a solid spherical ball varies directly as its mass and inversely
as the cube of its radius
When the mass of the ball is 500g and the radius is 5 cm, its density is 2 g
per cm3
Calculate the radius of a solid spherical ball of mass 540 density of 10g per
cm3
10. Make s the subject of the formula
√P = r 1 – as2
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11. The quantities t, x and y are such that t varies directly as x and inversely as
the square root of y. Find the percentage in t if x decreases by 4% when y
increases by 44%
12. Given that y is inversely proportional to xn and k as the constant of
proportionality;
(a) (i) Write down a formula connecting y, x, n and k
(ii) If x = 2 when y = 12 and x = 4 when y = 3, write down two
expressions for k in terms of n.
Hence, find the value of n and k.
(b) Using the value of n obtained in (a) (ii) above, find y when x = 5 1/3
13. The electrical resistance, R ohms of a wire of a given length is inversely

proportional to the square of the diameter of the wire, d mm. If R = 2.0
ohms when d = 3mm. Find the vale R when d = 4 mm.
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14. The volume Vcm3 of a solid depends partly on r and partly on r where rcm
is one of the dimensions of the solid.
When r = 1, the volume is 54.6 cm3 and when r = 2, the volume is 226.8
cm3
(a) Find an expression for V in terms of r
(b) Calculate the volume of the solid when r = 4
(c) Find the value of r for which the two parts of the volume are equal
15. The mass of a certain metal rod varies jointly as its length and the square of
its radius. A rod 40 cm long and radius 5 cm has a mass of 6 kg. Find the
mass of a similar rod of length 25 cm and radius 8 cm.
16. Make x the subject of the formula

P = xy
z+x
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17. The charge c shillings per person for a certain service is partly fixed and
partly inversely proportional to the total number N of people.
(a) Write an expression for c in terms on N
(b) When 100 people attended the charge is Kshs 8700 per person while
for 35 people the charge is Kshs 10000 per person.
(c) If a person had paid the full amount charge is refunded. A group of
people paid but ten percent of organizer remained with Kshs 574000.
Find the number of people.
18. Two variables A and B are such that A varies partly as B and partly as the
square root of B given that A=30, when B=9 and A=16 when B=14, find A
when B=36.
19. Make p the subject of the formula

A = -EP
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√P2 + N
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TOPIC 9
SEQUENCE AND SERIES
1. The first, the third and the seventh terms of an increasing arithmetic
progression are three consecutive terms of a geometric progression. In the
first term of the arithmetic progression is 10 find the common difference of
the arithmetic progression.
2. Kubai saved Kshs 2,000 during the first year of employment. In each
subsequent year, he saved 15% more than the preceding year until he
retired.
(a) How much did he save in the second year?
(b) How much did he save in the third year?
(c) Find the common ratio between the savings in two consecutive years
(d) How many years did he take to save the savings a sum of Kshs
58,000?
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(e) How much had he saved after 20 years of service?

3. In geometric progression, the first is a and the common ratio is r. The sum
of the first two terms is 12 and the third term is 16.
(a)Determine the ratio ar2
a + ar
(b) If the first term is larger than the second term, find the value of r.
4. (a) The first term of an arithmetic progression is 4 and the last term is 20.
The
sum of the term is 252. Calculate the number of terms and the
common differences of the arithmetic progression
(b) An Experimental culture has an initial population of 50 bacteria. The
population increased by 80% every 20 minutes. Determine the time it
will take to have a population of 1.2 million bacteria.
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5. Each month, for 40 months, Amina deposited some money in a saving

scheme. In the first month she deposited Kshs 500. Thereafter she increased
her deposits by Kshs. 50 every month.
Calculate the:
a) Last amount deposited by Amina
b) Total amount Amina had saved in the 40 months.
6. A carpenter wishes to make a ladder with 15 cross- pieces. The cross-
pieces are to diminish uniformly in length from 67 cm at the bottom to 32
cm at the top.
Calculate the length in cm, of the seventh cross- piece from the bottom
7. The second and fifth terms of a geometric progression are 16 and 2

respectively. Determine the common ratio and the first term.
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8. The eleventh term of an arithmetic progression is four times its second

term. The sum of the first seven terms of the same progression is 175
(a) Find the first term and common difference of the progression
(b) Given that pth term of the progression is greater than 124, find the
least
value of P
9. The nth term of sequence is given by 2n + 3 of the sequence
(a) Write down the first four terms of the sequence
(b) Find sn the sum of the fifty term of the sequence
(c) Show that the sum of the first n terms of the sequence is given by
Sn = n2 + 4n
Hence or otherwise find the largest integral value of n such that Sn <725
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TOPIC 10
VECTORS
1. The figure below is a right pyramid with a rectangular base ABCD and VO
as the height. The vectors AD= a, AB = b and DV = v
a) Express
(i) AV in terms of a and c
(ii) BV in terms of a, b and c
(b) M is point on OV such that OM: MV=3:4, Express BM in terms of a, b
and c.
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Simplify your answer as far as possible

2. In triangle OAB, OA = a OB = b and P lies on AB such that AP: BP = 3.5
(a)Find the terms of a and b the vectors
(i) AB
(ii) AP
(iii) BP
(iv) OP
(b) Point Q is on OP such AQ = -5 + 9
8a 40b
Find the ratio OQ: QP
3. The figure below shows triangle OAB in which M divides OA in the ratio
2: 3 and N divides OB in the ratio 4:1 AN and BM intersect at X
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(a) Given that OA = a and OB = b, express in terms of a and b:

(i) AN
(ii) BM
(b) If AX = s AN and BX = tBM, where s and t are constants, write two
expressions
for OX in terms of a,b s and t
Find the value of s
Hence write OX in terms of a and b
4. The position vectors for points P and Q are 4 I + 3 j + 6 j + 6 k respectively.
Express vector PQ in terms of unit vectors I, j and k. Hence find the length
of PQ, leaving your answer in simplified surd form.
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5. In the figure below, vector OP = P and OR =r. Vector OS = 2r and OQ =

3
/2p.
a) Express in terms of p and r (i) QR and (ii) PS

b) The lines QR and PS intersect at K such that QK = m QR and PK = n
PS, where m and n are scalars. Find two distinct expressions for OK
in terms of p,r,m and n. Hence find the values of m and n.
c) State the ratio PK: KS
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6. Point T is the midpoint of a straight line AB. Given the position vectors of
A and T are i-j + k and 2i+ 1½ k respectively, find the position vector of B
in terms of i, j and k
7. A point R divides a line PQ internally in the ration 3:4. Another point S,
divides the line PR externally in the ration 5:2. Given that PQ = 8 cm,
calculate the length of RS, correct to 2 decimal places.
8. The points P, Q, R and S have position vectors 2p, 3p, r and 3r respectively,
relative to an origin O. A point T divides PS internally in the ratio 1:6
(a) Find, in the simplest form, the vectors OT and QT in terms p and r
(b) (i) Show that the points Q, T, and R lie on a straight line
(ii) Determine the ratio in which T divides QR
9. Two points P and Q have coordinates (-2, 3) and (1, 3) respectively. A
translation map point P to P’ (10, 10)
(a)Find the coordinates of Q’ the image of Q under the translation
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(b) The position vector of P and Q in (a) above are p and q respectively
given that mp – nq = -12
9
Find the value of m and n
10. Given that q i + 1/3 j + 2/3 k is a unit vector, find q
11. In the diagram below, the coordinates of points A and B are (1, 6) and (15,
6) respectively). Point N is on OB such that 3 ON = 2 OB. Line OA is
produced to L such that OL = 3 OA
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(a) Find vector LN

(b) Given that a point M is on LN such that LM: MN = 3: 4, find
the coordinates of M
(c) If line OM is produced to T such that OM: MT = 6:1
(i) Find the position vector of T
(ii) Show that points L, T and B are collinear
12. In the figure below, OQ = q and OR = r. Point X divides OQ in the ratio 1:
2 and Y divides OR in the ratio 3: 4 lines XR and YQ intersect at E.
(a)Express in terms of q and r

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(i) XR
(ii) YQ
(b) If XE = m XR and YE = n YQ, express OE in terms of:
(i) r, q and m
(ii) r, q and n
(c) Using the results in (b) above, find the values of m and n.
13. Vector q has a magnitude of 7 and is parallel to vector p. Given that
p= 3 i –j + 1 ½ k, express vector q in terms of i, j, and k.
14. In the figure below, OA = 3i + 3j ABD OB = 8i – j. C is a point on AB such

that AC:CB 3:2, and D is a point such that OB//CD and 2OB = CD (T17)
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Determine the vector DA in terms of I and j

15. In the figure below, KLMN is a trapezium in which KL is parallel to NM
and KL = 3NM
Given that KN = w, NM = u and ML = v. Show that 2u = v + w

16. The points P, Q and R lie on a straight line. The position vectors of P and R
are 2i + 3j + 13k and 5i – 3j + 4k respectively; Q divides SR internally in
the ratio 2: 1. Find the
(a) Position vector of Q
(b) Distance of Q from the origin
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17. Co-ordinates of points O, P, Q and R are (0, 0), (3, 4), (11, 6) and (8, 2)
respectively. A point T is such that the vector OT, QP and QR satisfy the
vector equation OT = QP ½ QT. Find the coordinates of T.
18. In the figure below OA = a, OB = b, AB = BC and OB: BD = 3:1
(a) Determine
(i) AB in terms of a and b
(ii) CD, in terms of a and b
(b) If CD: DE = 1 k and OA: AE = 1m determine
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(i) DE in terms of a, b and k

(ii) The values of k and m
19. The figure below shows a grid of equally spaced parallel lines
AB = a and BC = b
(a) Express
(i) AC in terms of a and b
(ii) AD in terms of a and b
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(b) Using triangle BEP, express BP in terms of a and b

(c) PR produced meets BA produced at X and PR = 1/9b – 8/3a
By writing PX as kPR and BX as hBA and using the triangle BPX
determine the ratio PR: RX
20. The position vectors of points x and y are x = 2i + j – 3k and y = 3i + 2j –

2k respectively. Find XY
21. Given that X = 2i + j -2K, y = -3i + 4j – k and z= 5i + 3j + 2k and that p=

3x – y + 2z, find the magnitude of vector p to 3 significant figures.
TOPIC 11
BINOMIAL EXPRESSION
1. (a) Write down the simplest expansion ( 1 + x)6
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(b) Use the expansion up to the fourth term to find the value of (1.03)6 to
the nearest one thousandth.
2. Use binomial expression to evaluate (0.96)5 correct to 4 significant figures.
3. Expand and simplify (3x – y)4 hence use the first three terms of the
expansion to proximate the value of (6 – 0.2)4
4. Abdi and Amoit were employed at the begging of the same year. Their
annual salaries in shillings progressed as follows
Abdi: 60000, 64800, 69600
Amoit: 60000, 64800, 69984
(a) Calculate Abdi’s annual salary increment and hence write down an
expression for his annual salary in his nth year of employment?
(b) Calculate Amoit’s annual percentage rate of salary increment and
hence write down an expression for her annual salary in her n th year
employment?
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(c) Calculate the difference in the annual salary for Abdi and Amoit in
their 7th year of employment.
5. Use binomial expression to evaluate
2+1 5 + 2- 1 5
√2 √2
6. (a) Expand the expression 1 + 1x 5 in ascending powers of x, leaving
2
the coefficients as fractions in their simplest form.
(b) Use the first three terms of the expression in (a) above to estimate the
value of 11 5
20
7. (a) Expand (a- b)6
(b) Use the first three terms of the expansion in (a) above to find the
approximate value of (1.98)6
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8. Expand (2 + x)5 in ascending powers of x up to the term in x3 hence

approximate the value of (2.03)5 to 4 s.f
9. (a) Expand (1 + x)5

Hence use the expansion to estimate (1.04)5 correct to 4 decimal
places
(b) Use the expansion up to the fourth term to find the value of (1.03)6 to
the nearest one thousandth.
10. Expand and Simplify (1-3x)5 up to the term in x3

Hence use your expansion to estimate (0.97)5 correct to decimal places.
11. Expand (1 + a)5

Use your expansion to evaluate (0.8)5 correct to four places of decimal
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12. (a) Expand (1 + x)5

(b) Use the first three terms of the expansion in (a) above to find the
approximate value of (0.98)5
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TOPIC 12
PROBABILITY
1. The probabilities that a husband and wife will be alive 25 years from now
are 0.7 and 0.9 respectively.
Find the probability that in 25 years time,
(a)Both will be alive
(b) Neither will be alive
(c)One will be alive
(d) At least one will be alive
2. A bag contains blue, green and red pens of the same type in the ratio 8:2:5
respectively. A pen is picked at random without replacement and its colour
noted
(a) Determine the probability that the first pen picked is
(i) Blue
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(ii) Either green or red

(b) Using a tree diagram, determine the probability that
(i) The first two pens picked are both green
(ii) Only one of the first two pens picked is red.
3. A science club is made up of boys and girls. The club has 3 officials. Using
a tree diagram or otherwise find the probability that:
(a) The club officials are all boys
(b) Two of the officials are girls
4. Two baskets A and B each contain a mixture of oranges and limes, all of
the same size. Basket A contains 26 oranges and 13 limes. Basket B
contains 18 oranges and 15 limes. A child selected a basket at random and
picked a fruit at a random from it.
(a) Illustrate this information by a probabilities tree diagram
(b) Find the probability that the fruit picked was an orange.
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5. In form 1 class there are 22 girls and boys. The probability of a girl
completing the secondary education course is 3 whereas that of a boy is 2/3
(a) A student is picked at random from class. Find the possibility that,
(i) The student picked is a boy and will complete the course
(ii) The student picked will complete the course
(b) Two students are picked at random. Find the possibility that they are a
boy
and a girl and that both will not complete the course.
6. Three representatives are to be selected randomly from a group of 7 girls
and 8
boys. Calculate the probability of selecting two girls and one boy.
7. A poultry farmer vaccinated 540 of his 720 chickens against a disease. Two
months later, 5% of the vaccinated and 80% of the unvaccinated chicken,
contracted the disease. Calculate the probability that a chicken chosen
random contacted the disease.
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8. The probability of three darts players Akinyi, Kamau, and Juma hitting the
bulls eye are 0.2, 0.3 and 1.5 respectively.
(a) Draw a probability tree diagram to show the possible outcomes
(b) Find the probability that:
(i) All hit the bull’s eye
(ii) Only one of them hit the bull’s eye
(iii) At most one missed the bull’s eye
9. (a) An unbiased coin with two faces, head (H) and tail (T), is tossed
three
times, list all the possible outcomes.
Hence determine the probability of getting:
(i) At least two heads
(ii) Only one tail
(b) During a certain motor rally it is predicted that the weather will be
either dry (D) or wet (W). The probability that the weather will be dry
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is estimated to be 7/10. The probability for a driver to complete (C) the

rally during the dry weather is estimated to be 5/6. The probability for
a driver to complete the rally during wet weather is estimated to be
1
/10. Complete the probability tree diagram given below.
What is the probability that:

(i) The driver completes the rally?
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(ii) The weather was wet and the driver did not complete the rally?
10. There are three cars A, B and C in a race. A is twice as likely to win as B
while B is twice as likely to win as c. Find the probability that.
a) A wins the race
b) Either B or C wins the race.
11. In the year 2003, the population of a certain district was 1.8 million. Thirty
per cent of the population was in the age group 15 – 40 years. In the same
year, 120,000 people in the district visited the Voluntary Counseling and
Testing (VCT) centre for an HIV test.
If a person was selected at random from the district in this year. Find the
probability that the person visited a VCT centre and was in the age group
15 – 40 years.
12. (a) Two integers x and y are selected at random from the integers 1 to 8.
If the
same integer may be selected twice, find the probability that
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(i) |x – y| = 2
(ii) |x – y| is 5 or more
(iii) x>y
(b) A die is biased so that when tossed, the probability of a number r
showing up, is given by p ® = Kr where K is a constant and r = 1,
2,3,4,5 and 6 (the number on the faces of the die
(i) Find the value of K
(ii) If the die is tossed twice, calculate the probability that the total
score is 11
13. Two bags A and B contain identical balls except for the colours. Bag A
contains 4 red balls and 2 yellow balls. Bag B contains 2 red balls and 3
yellow balls.
(a) If a ball is drawn at random from each bag, find the probability that
both balls are of the same colour.
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(b) If two balls are drawn at random from each bag, one at a time without
replacement, find the probability that:
(i) The two balls drawn from bag A or bag B are red
(ii) All the four balls drawn are red
14. During inter – school competitions, football and volleyball teams from
Mokagu high school took part. The probability that their football and
volleyball teams would win were 3/8 and 4/7 respectively.
Find the probability that
(a) Both their football and volleyball teams
(b) At least one of their teams won
15. A science club is made up of 5 boys and 7 girls. The club has 3 officials.
Using a tree diagram or otherwise find the probability that:
(a) The club officials are all boys
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(b) Two of the officials are girls
16. Chicks on Onyango’s farm were noted to have either brown feathers brown
or black tail feathers. Of those with black feathers 2/3 were female while 2/5
of those with brown feathers were male. Otieno bought two chicks from
Onyango. One had black tail feathers while the other had brown find the
probability that Otieno’s chicks were not of the same gender
17. Three representatives are to be selected randomly from a group of 7 girls

and 8 boys. Calculate the probability of selecting two girls and one boy
18. The probability that a man wins a game is ¾. He plays the game until he
wins. Determine the probability that he wins in the fifth round.
19. The probability that Kamau will be selected for his school’s basketball
team is ¼. If he is selected for the basketball team. Then the probability
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that he will be selected for football is 1/3 if he is not selected for basketball
then the probability that he is selected for football is 4/5. What is the
probability that Kamau is selected for at least one of the two games?
20. Two baskets A and B each contains a mixture of oranges and lemons.
Baskets A contains 26 oranges and 13 lemons. Baskets B contains 18
oranges and 15 lemons. A child selected a basket at random and picked at
random a fruit from it. Determine the probability that the fruit picked was
an orange.
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TOPIC 13
COMPOUND PROPORTION AND MIXTURES
1. Akinyi bought and beans from a wholesaler. She then mixed the maize and
beans the ratio 4:3 she brought the maize as Kshs. 12 per kg and the beans
4 per kg. If she was to make a profit of 30% what should be the selling
price of 1 kg of the mixture?
2. A rectangular tank of base 2.4 m by 2.8 m and a height of 3 m contains
3,600 liters of water initially. Water flows into the tank at the rate of 0.5
litres per second
Calculate the time in hours and minutes, required to fill the tank
3. A company is to construct a parking bay whose area is 135m 2. It is to be
covered with concrete slab of uniform thickness of 0.15. To make the slab
cement. Ballast and sand are to be mixed so that their masses are in the
ratio 1: 4: 4. The mass of m3 of dry slab is 2, 500kg.
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Calculate
(a) (i) The volume of the slab
(ii) The mass of the dry slab
(iii) The mass of cement to be used
(b) If one bag of the cement is 50 kg, find the number of bags to be
purchased
(c) If a lorry carries 7 tonnes of sand, calculate the number of lorries of
sand
to be purchased.
4. The mass of a mixture A of beans and maize is 72 kg. The ratio of beans to
maize
is 3:5 respectively
(a) Find the mass of maize in the mixture
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(b) A second mixture of B of beans and maize of mass 98 kg in mixed

with A. The final ratio of beans to maize is 8:9 respectively. Find the
ratio of beans to maize in B
5. A retailer bought 49 kg of grade 1 rice at Kshs. 65 per kilogram and 60 kg
of grade II rice at Kshs 27.50 per kilogram. He mixed the tow types of rice.
(a)Find the buying price of one kilogram of the mixture
(b) He packed the mixture into 2 kg packets
(i) If he intends to make a 20% profit find the selling price per
packet
(ii) He sold 8 packets and then reduced the price by 10% in order to
attract customers. Find the new selling price per packet.
(iii) After selling 1/3 of the remainder at reduced price, he raised the
price so as to realize the original goal of 20% profit overall.
Find the selling price per packet of the remaining rice.
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6. A trader sells a bag of beans for Kshs 1,200. He mixed beans and maize in
the ration 3: 2. Find how much the trader should he sell a bag of the
mixture to realize the same profit?
7. Pipe A can fill an empty water tank in 3 hours while, pipe B can fill the
same tank in 6 hours, when the tank is full it can be emptied by pipe C in 8
hours. Pipes A and B are opened at the same time when the tank is empty.
If one hour later, pipe C is also opened, find the total time taken to fill the
tank
8. A solution whose volume is 80 litres is made 40% of water and 60% of
alcohol. When litres of water are added, the percentage of alcohol drops to
40%
(a) Find the value of x
(b) Thirty litres of water is added to the new solution. Calculate the
percentage
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(c) If 5 litres of the solution in (b) is added to 2 litres of the original

solution, calculate in the simplest form, the ratio of water to that of
alcohol in the resulting solution
9. A tank has two inlet taps P and Q and an outlet tap R. when empty, the tank
can be filled by tap P alone in 4 ½ hours or by tap Q alone in 3 hours.
When full, the tank can be emptied in 2 hours by tap R.
(a) The tank is initially empty. Find how long it would take to fill up the
tank
(i) If tap R is closed and taps P and Q are opened at the same time
(2mks)
(ii) If all the three taps are opened at the same time
(b) The tank is initially empty and the three taps are opened as follows
P at 8.00 a.m
Q at 8.45 a.m
R at 9.00 a.m
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(i) Find the fraction of the tank that would be filled by 9.00 a.m
(ii) Find the time the tank would be fully filled up
10. Kipketer can cultivate a piece of land in 7 hrs while Wanjiru can do the
same work in 5 hours. Find the time they would take to cultivate the piece
of land when working together.
11. Mogaka and Ondiso working together can do a piece of work in 6 days.
Mogaka, working alone, takes 5 days longer than Onduso. How many days
does it take Onduso to do the work alone.
12. Wainaina has two dairy farms A and B. Farm A produces milk with 3 ¼
percent fat and farm B produces milk with 4 ¼ percent fat.
(a) (i) The total mass of milk fat in 50 kg of milk from farm A and
30kg
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of milk from farm B.

(ii) The percentage of fat in a mixture of 50 kg of milk A and 30 kg
of milk from B
(b) Determine the range of values of mass of milk from farm B that must
be used in a 50 kg mixture so that the mixture may have at least 4
percent fat.
13. A construction firm has two tractors T1 and T2. Both tractors working
together can complete the work in 6 days while T1 alone can complete the
work in 15 days. After the two tractors had worked together for four days,
tractor T1 broke down.
Find the time taken by tractor T2 complete the remaining work.
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14. The points P, Q, R and S have position vectors 2p, 3 p, r and 3r

respectively, relative to an origin O. A point T divides PS internally in the
ratio 1: 6
(a) Find in the simplest form, the vectors OT and QT in terms of P and r
(b) (i) Show that the points Q, T and R lie on a straight line.
(ii) Determine the ratio in which T divides QR.
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TOPIC 14
GRAPHICAL METHODS
1. The table shows the height metres of an object thrown vertically upwards
varies with the time t seconds
The relationship between s and t is represented by the equations s = at2 + bt
+ 10 where b are constants.
t 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
s 45.1 49.9 -
80
(c)(i) Using the information in the table, determine the values of a and
b
(ii) Complete the table
(b) (i) Draw a graph to represent the relationship between s and t
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(ii) Using the graph determine the velocity of the object when t = 5
seconds
2. Data collected form an experiment involving two variables X and Y was
recorded as shown in the table below
x 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
y - 0.5 1.4 2.5 3.8 5.2
0.3
The variables are known to satisfy a relation of the form y = ax 3 + b where
a and b are constants
(a)For each value of x in the table above, write down the value of x 3
(b) (i) By drawing a suitable straight line graph, estimate the values
of a and b
(ii) Write down the relationship connecting y and x
3. Two quantities P and r are connected by the equation p = krn. The table of
values
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of P and r is given below.
P 1.2 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.5 4.5

r 1.58 2.25 3.39 4.74 7.86 11.5
a) State a liner equation connecting P and r.

b) Using the scale 2 cm to represent 0.1 units on both axes, draw a
suitable
line graph on the grid provided. Hence estimate the values of K and n.
4. The points which coordinates (5,5) and (-3,-1) are the ends of a diameter of
a circle centre A
Determine:
(a) The coordinates of A
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The equation of the circle, expressing it in form x2 + y2 + ax + by + c

=0
where a, b, and c are constants each computer sold
5. The figure below is a sketch of the graph of the quadratic function y = k
(x+1) (x-2)
Find the value of k

6. The table below shows the values of the length X ( in metres ) of a
pendulum and the corresponding values of the period T ( in seconds) of its
oscillations obtained in an experiment.
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X( 0.4 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6

metres)
T( 1.25 2.01 2.19 2.37 2.53
seconds)
(a) Construct a table of values of log X and corresponding values of log
T,
correcting each value to 2 decimal places
(b) Given that the relation between the values of log X and log T
approximate to a linear law of the form m log X + log a where a and
b are constants
(i) Use the axes on the grid provided to draw the line of best fit for
the graph of log T against log X.
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(ii) Use the graph to estimate the values of a and b

(iii) Find, to decimal places the length of the pendulum whose period
is 1 second.
7. Data collection from an experiment involving two variables x and y was

recorded as shown in the table below
X 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6

Y - 0.5 1.4 2.5 3.8 5.2
0.3
The variables are known to satisfy a relation of the form y = ax 3 + b where

a and b
are constants
(a) For each value of x in the table above. Write down the value of x3
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(b) (i) By drawing s suitable straight line graph, estimate the values of a
and b
(ii) Write down the relationship connecting y and x
8. Two variables x and y, are linked by the relation y = ax n. The figure below
shows part of the straight line graph obtained when log y is plotted against
log x.
Calculate the value of a and n
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9. The luminous intensity I of a lamp was measured for various values of

voltage v across it. The results were as shown below
V(volts) 30 36 40 44 48 50 54
L (Lux 708 1248 1726 2320 3038 3848 4380
)
It is believed that V and l are related by an equation of the form l = aV n

where a and n are constant.
(a) Draw a suitable linear graph and determine the values of a and n
(b) From the graph find
(i) The value of I when V = 52
(ii) The value of V when I = 2800
10. In a certain relation, the value of A and B observe a relation B= CA + KA2

where C and K are constants. Below is a table of values of A and B
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A 1 2 3 4 5 6
B 3.2 6.75 10.8 15.1 20 25.2
(a) By drawing a suitable straight line graphs, determine the values of C

and K.
(b) Hence write down the relationship between A and B
(c) Determine the value of B when A = 7
11. The variables P and Q are connected by the equation P = abq where a and b
are constants. The value of p and q are given below
P 6.56 17.7 47.8 129 349 941 2540 6860
q 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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(a) State the equation in terms of p and q which gives a straight line
graph
(b) By drawing a straight line graph, estimate the value of constants a and
b and give your answer correct to 1 decimal place.
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FORM FOUR WORK

TOPIC 1
MATRICES AND TRANSFORMATIONS
1. Matrix p is given by 1 2
4 3
-1
(a) Find P
(b) Two institutions, Elimu and Somo, purchase beans at Kshs. B per bag
and
maize at Kshs m per bag. Elimu purchased 8 bags of beans and 14
bags of maize for Kshs 47,600. Somo purchased 10 bags of beans and
16 of maize for Kshs. 57,400
(c) The price of beans later went up by 5% and that of maize remained
constant. Elimu bought the same quantity of beans but spent the same
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total amount of money as before on the two items. State the new ratio
of beans to maize.
2. A triangle is formed by the coordinates A (2, 1) B (4, 1) and C (1, 6). It is
rotated
clockwise through 900 about the origin. Find the coordinates of this image.
3. On the grid provided on the opposite page A (1, 2) B (7, 2) C (4, 4) D (3, 4)
is a trapezium
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(a) ABCD is mapped onto A’B’C’D’ by a positive quarter turn. Draw the
image A’B’C’D on the grid
(b) A transformation -2 -1 maps A’B’C’D onto A”B” C”D” Find the
coordinates
0 1 of A”B”C”D”
4. A triangle T whose vertices are A (2, 3) B (5, 3) and C (4, 1) is mapped
onto triangle T1 whose vertices are A1 (-4, 3) B1 (-1, 3) and C1 (x, y) by a
Transformation M = a b
c d
a) Find the: (i) Matrix M of the transformation

(ii) Coordinates of C1
b) Triangle T2 is the image of triangle T1 under a reflection in the line y
= x.
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Find a single matrix that maps T and T2

5. Triangles ABC is such that A is (2, 0), B (2, 4), C (4, 4) and A”B”C” is
such that A” is (0, 2), B” (-4 – 10) and C “is (-4, -12) are drawn on the
Cartesian plane
Triangle ABC is mapped onto A”B”C” by two successive transformations
R= a b
c d Followed by P = 0 -1
-1 0
(a) Find R
(b) Using the same scale and axes, draw triangles A’B’C’, the image of
triangle ABC under transformation R
Describe fully, the transformation represented by matrix R
6. Triangle ABC is shown on the coordinates plane below
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(a) Given that A (-6, 5) is mapped onto A (6,-4) by a shear with y- axis
invariant
(i) Draw triangle A’B’C’, the image of triangle ABC under the
shear
(ii) Determine the matrix representing this shear
(b) Triangle A B C is mapped on to A” B” C” by a transformation
defined by the matrix -1 0
1½ -1
(i) Draw triangle A” B” C”
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(ii) Describe fully a single transformation that maps ABC onto A”B”
C”
7. Determine the inverse T-1 of the matrix 1 2

1 -1
Hence find the coordinates to the point at which the two lines
x + 2y = 7 and x - y =1
8. Given that A = 0 -1 and B = -1 0

3 2 2 -4
Find the value of x if
(i) A- 2x = 2B
(ii) 3x – 2A = 3B
(iii) 2A - 3B = 2x
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9. The transformation R given by the matrix
A = ab maps 17 to 15 and 0 to -8
c d 0 8 17 15
(a) Determine the matrix A giving a, b, c and d as fractions

(b) Given that A represents a rotation through the origin determine the
angle of rotation.
(c) S is a rotation through 180 about the point (2, 3). Determine the image
of (1, 0) under S followed by R.
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TOPIC 2
STATISTICS
1. Every week the number of absentees in a school was recorded. This was
done for 39 weeks these observations were tabulated as shown below
Number of 0.3 4 - 8 - 12 - 16 - 20 -
absentees 7 11 15 19 23
(Number of 6 9 8 11 3 2
weeks)
Estimate the median absentee rate per week in the school
2. The table below shows high altitude wind speeds recorded at a weather
station in a period of 100 days.
Wind speed 0 - 20 – 40 - 60- 80- 100- 120- 140- 160-
( knots) 19 39 59 79 99 119 139 159 179
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Frequency 9 19 22 18 13 11 5 2 1
(days)
(a) On the grid provided draw a cumulative frequency graph for the data
(b) Use the graph to estimate

(i) The interquartile range
(ii) The number of days when the wind speed exceeded 125 knots
3. Five pupils A, B, C, D and E obtained the marks 53, 41, 60, 80 and 56
respectively. The table below shows part of the work to find the standard
deviation.
Pupil Mark x – ( x-
x a a)2
A 53 -5
B 41 -17
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C 60 2
D 80 22
E 56 -2
(a) Complete the table
(b) Find the standard deviation
4. In an agricultural research centre, the length of a sample of 50 maize cobs
were measured and recorded as shown in the frequency distribution table
below.
Length in cm Number of
cobs
8 – 10 4
11 – 13 7
14 – 16 11
17 – 19 15
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20 – 22 8
23 - 25 5
Calculate
(a)The mean
(b) (i) The variance
(ii) The standard deviation
5. The table below shows the frequency distribution of masses of 50 new-
born calves in a ranch
Mass (kg) Frequency
15 – 18 2
19- 22 3
23 – 26 10
27 – 30 14
31 – 34 13
35 – 38 6
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39 – 42 2
(i) The median mass
(ii) The probability that a calf picked at random has a mass lying
between 25 kg and 28 kg.
6. The table below shows the weight and price of three commodities in a
given period
Commodity Weight Price Relatives
X 3 125
Y 4 164
Z 2 140
Calculate the retail index for the group of commodities.
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7. The number of people who attended an agricultural show in one day was
510 men, 1080 women and some children. When the information was
represented on a pie chart, the combined angle for the men and women was
2160. Find the angle representing the children.
8. The mass of 40 babies in a certain clinic were recorded as follows:
Mass in Kg No. of babies.
1.0 – 1.9 6
2.0 – 2.9 14
3.0 -3.9 10
4.0 – 4.9 7
5.0 – 5.9 2
6.0 – 6.9 1
Calculate
(a) The inter – quartile range of the data.
(b) The standard deviation of the data using 3.45 as the assumed mean.
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9. The data below shows the masses in grams of 50 potatoes

Mass (g) 25- 35- 45 - 55- 65 - 75- 85-
34 44 54 64 74 84 94
No of 3 6 16 12 8 4 1
potatoes
(a) On the grid provide, draw a cumulative frequency curve for the data
(b)
Use the graph in (a) above to determine
(i) The 60th percentile mass
(ii) The percentage of potatoes whose masses lie in the range 53g to
68g
10. The histogram below represents the distribution of marks obtained in a test.
The bar marked A has a height of 3.2 units and a width of 5 units. The bar
marked B has a height of 1.2 units and a width of 10 units
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If the frequency of the class represented by bar B is 6, determine the

frequency of the class represented by bar A.
11. A frequency distribution of marks obtained by 120 candidates is to be
represented in a histogram. The table below shows the grouped marks.
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Frequencies for all the groups and also the area and height of the rectangle
for the group 30 – 60 marks.
Marks 0- 10- 30- 60- 70-

10 30 60 70 100
Frequency 12 40 36 8 24
Area of 180
rectangle
Height of 6
rectangle
(a) (i) Complete the table

(ii) On the grid provided below, draw the histogram
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(b) (i) State the group in which the median mark lies
(ii) A vertical line drawn through the median mark divides the total
area of the histogram into two equal parts
Using this information or otherwise, estimate the median mark
12. In an agriculture research centre, the lengths of a sample of 50 maize cobs

were measured and recorded as shown in the frequency distribution table
below
Length in cm Number of
cobs
8 – 10 4
11- 13 7
14 – 16 11
17- 19 15
20 – 22 8
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23- 25 5
Calculate
(a) The mean
(b) (i) The variance
(ii) The standard deviation
12. The table below shows the frequency distribution of masses of 50 newborn
calves in a ranch.
Mass (kg) Frequency

15 – 18 2
19- 22 3
23 – 26 10
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27 – 30 14
31- 34 13
35 – 38 6
39 - 42 2
(i) The median mass
(ii) The probability that a calf picked at random has a mass lying
between 25 kg and 28 kg
14. The table shows the number of bags of sugar per week and their moving
averages
Number of bags per 340 330 x 343 350 345
week
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Moving averages 331 332 y 346

(a) Find the order of the moving average
(b) Find the value of X and Y axis
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TOPIC 3
LOC1
1. Using ruler and compasses only, construct a parallelogram ABCD such that
AB = 10cm, BC = 7 cm and < ABC = 1050. Also construct the loci of P and
Q within the parallel such that AP ≤ 4 cm, and BC ≤ 6 cm. Calculate the
area within the parallelogram and outside the regions bounded by the loci.
2. Use ruler and compasses only in this question
The diagram below shows three points A, B and D
(a) Construct the angle bisector of acute angle BAD
(b) A point P, on the same side of AB and D, moves in such a way that <
APB = 22 ½ 0 construct the locus of P
(c) The locus of P meets the angle bisector of < BAD at C measure <
ABC D
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A D
B
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3. Use a ruler and a pair of compasses only for all constructions in this
question.
(a) On the line BC given below, construct triangle ABC such that ABC
= 300 and BA = 12 cm
B C
(b) Construct a perpendicular from A to meet BC produced at D. Measure

CD
(c) Construct triangle A’B’C’ such that the area of triangle A’B’C is the
three quarters of the area of triangle ABC and on the same side of BC
as triangle ABC.
(d) Describe the lucus of A’
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4. Use a ruler and compasses in this question. Draw a parallegram ABCD in

which AB = 8 cm, BC = 6 cm and BAD = 750. By construction, determine
the perpendicular distance between AB and CD.
5. In this question use a ruler and a pair of compasses.
a) Line PQ drawn below is part of a triangle PQR. Construct the triangle
PQR in which < QPR = 300 and line PR = 8 cm
P Q
b) On the same diagram construct triangle PRS such that points S and Q
are no the opposite sides of PR<PS = PS and QS = 8 cm
C) A point T is on the a line passing through R and parallel to
QS. If <QTS =900, locate possible positions of T and label them
T1
and T2, Measure the length of T1T2.
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6. (a) ABCD is a rectangle in which AB = 7.6 cm and AD = 5.2 cm. Draw

the
rectangle and construct the lucus of a point P within the rectangle
such that P is equidistant from CB and CD ( 3 marks)
(b) Q is a variable point within the rectangle ABCD drawn in (a) above
such that 600 ≤ < AQB≤ 900
On the same diagram, construct and show the locus of point Q, by
leaving unshaded, the region in which point Q lies.
7. The figure below is drawn to scale. It represents a field in the shape of an
equilateral triangle of side 80m
C
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The owner wants to plant some flowers in the field. The flowers must be at
most, 60m from A and nearer to B than to C. If no flower is to be more than
40m from BC, show by shading, the exact region where the flowers may be
planted.
8. In this question use a ruler and a pair of compasses only
In the figure below, AB and PQ are straight lines
Q
(a) A Use the figure to: B

(i) Find a point R on AB such that R is equidistant from P and Q
(ii) Complete a polygon PQRST with AB as its line of symmetry
and hence measure the distance of R from TS.
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(b) Shade the region within the polygon in which a variable point X
must lie given that X satisfies the following conditions
1. X is nearer to PT than to PQ
2. RX is not more than 4.5 cm
3.  PXT > 900
9. Four points B, C, Q and D lie on same plane. Point B is 42 km due south –

west of town Q. Point C is 50 km on a bearing of 5600 from Q. Point D is
equidistant from B, Q and C.
(a) Using the scale: 1 cm represents 10 km, construct a diagram showing
the position of B, C, Q and D
(b) Determine the
(i) Distance between B and C
(ii) Bearing of D from B
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10. The diagram below represents a field PQR

P
Q R
(a) Draw the locus of point equidistant from sides PQ and PR

(b) Draw the locus of points equidistant from points P and R
(c) A coin is lost within a region which is near to point P than R and
closer to side PR than to side PQ. Shade the region where the coin can
be located.
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12. In the figure below, a line XY and three point A,B and C are as given. On
the figure construct
(a) The perpendicular bisector if AB
(b) A point P on the line XY such that angle APB = angle ACB
C
x
Ax Bx
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TOPIC 4:
TRIGONOMETRY
1. (a) Complete the table for the function y = 2 sin x
X 00 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200
Sin 0 0.5000 -
3x 08660
Y 0 1.00 -1.73
(b) (i)Using the values in the completed table, draw the graph of
y = 2 sin 3x for 00 ≤ x ≤ 1200 on the grid provided
(ii) Hence solve the equation 2 sin 3x = -1.5
2. Complete the table below by filling in the blank spaces
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X0 00 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000 3300 3600
Cos 1.00 0.50 - -
0
x 0.87 0.87
2 2.00 1.93 0.52 - -
cos 1.00 2.00
½
x0
Using the scale 1 cm to represent 300 on the horizontal axis and 4 cm to

represent 1 unit on the vertical axis draw, on the grid provided, the graphs
of y = cosx0 and y = 2 cos ½ x0 on the same axis.
(a) Find the period and the amplitude of y = 2 cos ½ x0
(b) Describe the transformation that maps the graph of y = cos x0 on the
graph of y = 2 cos 1/2 x0
2. (a) Complete the table below for the value of y = 2 sin x + cos x.
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x 00 300 450 600 900 1200 1350 1500 1800 2250 2700 3150 3600
2 0 1.4 1.7 2 1.7 1.4 1 0 -2 -1.4 0
sin
x
Cos 1 0.7 0.5 0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -1 0 0.7 1
x
y 1 2.1 2.2 2 1.2 0.7 0.1 -1 -2 -0.7 1
(b) Using the grid provided draw the graph of y=2sin x + cos x for 00.
Take 1cm represent 300 on the x- axis and 2 cm to represent 1 unit on
the axis.
(c) Use the graph to find the range of x that satisfy the inequalities
2 sin x cos x > 0.5
4. (a) Complete the table below, giving your values correct to 2 decimal
places.
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x 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Tan x 0
2 x + 300 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 170
Sin ( 2x + 0.50 1
300)
b) On the grid provided, draw the graphs of y = tan x and y = sin ( 2x +

300) for 00 ≤ x 700
Take scale: 2 cm for 100 on the x- axis
4 cm for unit on the y- axis
Use your graph to solve the equation tan x- sin ( 2x + 300 ) = 0.
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5. (a) Complete the table below, giving your values correct to 2 decimal
places
X0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180

0
2 sin x 0 1 2 1
1 – cos 0.5 1
0
x
(b) On the grid provided, using the same scale and axes, draw the graphs
of
y = sin x0 and y = 1 – cos x0 ≤ x ≤ 1800
Take the scale: 2 cm for 300 on the x- axis
2 cm for I unit on the y- axis
(c) Use the graph in (b) above to
(i) Solve equation
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2 sin xo + cos x0 = 1
(ii) Determine the range of values x for which 2 sin x o > 1 – cos x0
6. (a) Given that y = 8 sin 2x – 6 cos x, complete the table below for the
missing
values of y, correct to 1 decimal place.
X 00 150 300 450 600 750 900 1050 1200
Y = 8 sin 2x – -6 - 3.8 3.9 2.4 0 -3.9
6 cos x 1.8
(b) On the grid provided, below, draw the graph of y = 8 sin 2x – 6 cos
for
00 ≤ x ≤ 1200
Take the scale 2 cm for 150 on the x- axis
2 cm for 2 units on the y – axis
(c) Use the graph to estimate
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(i) The maximum value of y

(ii) The value of x for which 4 sin 2x – 3 cos x =1
7. Solve the equation 4 sin (x + 300) = 2 for 0 ≤ x ≤ 3600
8. Find all the positive angles not greater than 180 0 which satisfy the equation
Sin2 x – 2 tan x = 0
Cos x
9. Solve for values of x in the range 0 0 ≤ x ≤ 3600 if 3 cos2 x – 7 cos x = 6
10. Simplify 9 – y2 where y = 3 cos θ

y
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11. Find all the values of Ø between 00 and 3600 satisfying the equation 5 sin Ө
= -4
12. Given that sin (90 – x) = 0.8. Where x is an acute angle, find without using
mathematical tables the value of tan x0
13. Complete the table given below for the functions
y= -3 cos 2x0 and y = 2 sin (3x/20 + 30) for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1800
X0 00 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800

-3cos 2x0 - - - 1.50 2.82 2.82 1.50 - - -
3.00 2.30 0.52 0.52 2.30 3.00
1.00 1.73 2.00 1.73 1.00 0.00 - - - -
2 sin (3 x0 1.00 1.73 2.00 1.73
+ 300)
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Using the graph paper draw the graphs of y = -3 cos 2x0 and y = 2 sin (3x/20
+ 300)
(a) On the same axis. Take 2 cm to represent 200 on the x- axis and 2 cm
to represent one unit on the y – axis
(b) From your graphs. Find the roots of 3 cos 2 x0 + 2 sin (3x/20 + 300) = 0
14. Solve the values of x in the range 00 ≤ x ≤ 3600 if 3 cos2x – 7cos x = 6
15. Complete the table below by filling in the blank spaces
x0 00 300 600 90 10 1500 180 210 240 270 300 330 360
Cosx0 1.00 0.50 - -
0.87 0.87
2cos 2.00 1.93 0.5
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½ x0
Using the scale 1 cm to represent 300 on the horizontal axis and 4 cm to

represent 1 unit on the vertical axis draw on the grid provided, the graphs
of y – cos x0 and y = 2 cos ½ x0 on the same axis
(a) Find the period and the amplitude of y =2 cos ½ x0
Ans. Period = 7200. Amplitude = 2
(b) Describe the transformation that maps the graph of y = cos x 0 on the
graph of y = 2 cos ½ x0
TOPIC 5
THREE DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY
1. The diagram below shows a right pyramid VABCD with V as the vertex.
The base of the pyramid is rectangle ABCD, WITH ab = 4 cm and BC= 3
cm. The height of the pyramid is 6 cm.
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(a) Calculate the

(i) Length of the projection of VA on the base
(ii) Angle between the face VAB and the base
(b) P is the midpoint of VC and Q is the mid – point of VD.
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Find the angle between the planes VAB and the plane ABPQ
2. The figure below represents a square based solid with a path marked on it.
Sketch and label the net of the solid.

3. The diagram below represents a cuboid ABCDEFGH in which FG= 4.5 cm,
GH = 8 cm and HC = 6 cm
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Calculate:
(a) The length of FC
(b) (i) The size of the angle between the lines FC and FH
(ii) The size of the angle between the lines AB and FH
(c) The size of the angle between the planes ABHE and the plane FGHE
4. The base of a right pyramid is a square ABCD of side 2a cm. The slant
edges VA, VB, VC and VD are each of length 3a cm.
(a) Sketch and label the pyramid
(b) Find the angle between a slanting edge and the base
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5. The triangular prism shown below has the sides AB = DC = EF = 12 cm.

the ends are equilateral triangles of sides 10cm. The point N is the mid
point of FC.
Find the length of:

(a) (i) BN
(ii) EN
(b) Find the angle between the line EB and the plane CDEF
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TOPIC 6:
LATITUDES AND LONGITUDES
1. An aeroplane flies from point A (10 15’S, 370 E) to a point B directly North
of A. the arc AB subtends an angle of 45 0 at the center of the earth. From B,
aeroplanes flies due west two a point C on longitude 230 W.)
(Take the value of π 22/ 7 as and radius of the earth as 6370km)
(a) (i) Find the latitude of B
(ii) Find the distance traveled by the aeroplane between B and C
(b) The aeroplane left at 1.00 a.m local time. When the aeroplane was
leaving B, hat was the local time at C?
2. The position of two towns X and Y are given to the nearest degree as X
(450 N, 100W) and Y (450 N, 700W)
Find
(a) The distance between the two towns in
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(i) Kilometers (take the radius of the earth as 6371)

(ii) Nautical miles (take 1 nautical mile to be 1.85 km)
(b) The local time at X when the local time at Y is 2.00 pm.
3. A plane leaves an airport A (38.50N, 37.050W) and flies dues North to a
point B on latitude 520N.
(a) Find the distance covered by the plane
(b) The plane then flies due east to a point C, 2400 km from B.
Determine the position of C
Take the value π of as 22/7 and radius of the earth as 6370 km
4. A plane flying at 200 knots left an airport A (30 0S, 310E) and flew due
North to an airport B (300 N, 310E)
(a) Calculate the distance covered by the plane, in nautical miles
(b) After a 15 minutes stop over at B, the plane flew west to an airport C
(300 N, 130E) at the same speed.
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Calculate the total time to complete the journey from airport C,

though airport B.
5. Two towns A and B lie on the same latitude in the northern hemisphere.
When its 8 am at A, the time at B is 11.00 am.
a) Given that the longitude of A is 150 E find the longitude of B.
b) A plane leaves A for B and takes 31/2 hours to arrive at B traveling
along a parallel of latitude at 850 km/h. Find:
(i) The radius of the circle of latitude on which towns A and B lie.
(ii) The latitude of the two towns (take radius of the earth to be
6371 km)
6. Two places A and B are on the same circle of latitude north of the equator.
The longitude of A is 1180W and the longitude of B is 1330 E. The shorter
distance between A and B measured along the circle of latitude is 5422
nautical miles.
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Find, to the nearest degree, the latitude on which A and B lie
7. (a) A plane flies by the short estimate route from P (100S, 600 W) to Q
(700 N,
1200 E) Find the distance flown in km and the time taken if the aver
age speed is 800 km/h.
(b) Calculate the distance in km between two towns on latitude 500S with
long longitudes and 200 W. (take the radius of the earth to be 6370
km)
8. Calculate the distance between M (300N, 360E) and N (300 N, 1440 W) in

nautical miles.
(i) Over the North Pole
(ii) Along the parallel of latitude 300 N
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9. (a) A ship sailed due south along a meridian from 12 0 N to 10030’S.

Taking
the earth to be a sphere with a circumference of 4 x 104 km, calculate
in km the distance traveled by the ship.
(b) If a ship sails due west from San Francisco (370 47’N, 1220 26’W) for
distance of 1320 km. Calculate the longitude of its new position (take
the radius of the earth to be 6370 km and π = 22/7).
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TOPIC 7
LINEAR PROGRAMMING
1. A school has to take 384 people for a tour. There are two types of buses
available, type X and type Y. Type X can carry 64 passengers and type Y
can carry 48 passengers. They have to use at least 7 buses.
(a) Form all the linear inequalities which will represent the above
information.
(b) On the grid [provide, draw the inequalities and shade the unwanted
region.
(c) The charges for hiring the buses are
Type X: Kshs 25,000
Type Y Kshs 20,000
Use your graph to determine the number of buses of each type that
should be hired to minimize the cost.
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2. An institute offers two types of courses technical and business courses. The
institute has a capacity of 500 students. There must be more business
students than technical students but at least 200 students must take
technical courses. Let x represent the number of technical students and y
the number of business students.
(a) Write down three inequalities that describe the given conditions
(b) On the grid provided, draw the three inequalities
(c) If the institute makes a profit of Kshs 2, 500 to train one technical
students and Kshs 1,000 to train one business student, determine
(i) The number of students that must be enrolled in each course to
maximize the profit
(ii) The maximum profit.
3. A draper is required to supply two types of shirts A and type B.
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The total number of shirts must not be more than 400. He has to supply
more type A than of type B however the number of types A shirts must be
more than 300 and the number of type B shirts not be less than 80.
Let x be the number of type A shirts and y be the number of types B shirts.
(a)Write down in terms of x and y all the linear inequalities representing the
information above.
(b) On the grid provided, draw the inequalities and shade the unwanted
regions
(c)The profits were as follows
Type A: Kshs 600 per shirt
Type B: Kshs 400 per shirt
(i) Use the graph to determine the number of shirts of each type that
should be made to maximize the profit.
(ii) Calculate the maximum possible profit.
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4. A diet expert makes up a food production for sale by mixing two

ingredients N and S. One kilogram of N contains 25 units of protein and 30
units of vitamins. One kilogram of S contains 50 units of protein and 45
units of vitamins. The foiod is sold in small bags each containing at least
175 units of protein and at least 180 units of vitamins. The mass of the food
product in each bag must not exceed 6kg.
If one bag of the mixture contains x kg of N and y kg of S
(a)Write down all the inequalities, in terms of x and representing the
information above ( 2 marks)
(b) On the grid provided draw the inequalities by shading the unwanted
regions ( 2 marks)
(c) If one kilogram of N costs Kshs 20 and one kilogram of S costs Kshs
50, use the graph to determine the lowest cost of one bag of the mixture.
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5. Mwanjoki flying company operates a flying service. It has two types of

aeroplanes. The smaller one uses 180 litres of fuel per hour while the bigger
one uses 300 litres per hour.
The fuel available per week is 18,000 litres. The company is allowed 80
flying hours per week.
(a) Write down all the inequalities representing the above information
(b) On the grid provided on page 21, draw all the inequalities in (a) above
by
shading the unwanted regions
(c) The profits on the smaller aeroplane is Kshs 4000 per hour while that on
the
bigger one is Kshs. 6000 per hour. Use your graph to determine the
maximum profit that the company made per week.
6. A company is considering installing two types of machines. A and B. The
information about each type of machine is given in the table below.
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Machine Number of Floor Daily

operators space profit
A 2 5m2 Kshs
1,500
B 5 8m2 Kshs
2,500
The company decided to install x machines of types A and y machines of

type B
(a) Write down the inequalities that express the following conditions
i. The number of operators available is 40
ii. The floor space available is 80m2
iii. The company is to install not less than 3 type of A machine
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iv. The number of type B machines must be more than one third the
number of type A machines
(b) On the grid provided, draw the inequalities in part (a) above and
shade the
unwanted region.
(c) Draw a search line and use it to determine the number of machines of
each
type that should be installed to maximize the daily profit.
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TOPIC 8:
CALCULUS
1. The shaded region below represents a forest. The region has been drawn to
scale where 1 cm represents 5 km. Use the mid – ordinate rule with six
strips to estimate the area of forest in hectares. (4
marks)
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2. Find the area bounded by the curve y=2x3 – 5, the x-axis and the lines x=2
and x=4.
3. Complete the table below for the function y=3x 2 – 8x + 10 (1 mk)
x 0 2 4 6 8 10
y 10 6 70 230
Using the values in the table and the trapezoidal rule, estimate the area
bounded by the curve y= 3x2 – 8x + 10 and the lines y=0, x=0 and x=10.
4. Use the trapezoidal rule with intervals of 1 cm to estimate the area of the
shaded region below
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5. (a) Find the value of x at which the curve y= x- 2x2 – 3 crosses the x- axis
(b) Find (x2 – 2x – 3) dx
(c) Find the area bounded by the curve y = x2 – 2x – 3, the axis and the
lines x= 2 and x = 4.
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6. The graph below consists of a non- quadratic part (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) and a

quadrant part (2 ≤ x 8). The quadratic part is y = x2 – 3x + 5, 2 ≤ x ≤ 8
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(a) Complete the table below

x 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
y 3
(1mk)
(b) Use the trapezoidal rule with six strips to estimate the area enclosed
by the
curve, x = axis and the line x = 2 and x = 8 (3mks)
(c) Find the exact area of the region given in (b)
(3mks)
(d) If the trapezoidal rule is used to estimate the area under the curve
between
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x = 0 and x = 2, state whether it would give an underestimate or an

over- estimate. Give a reason for your answer.
7. Find the equation of the gradient to the curve Y= (x-2 + 1) (x – 2) when x =
2
8. The distance from a fixed point of a particular in motion at any time t
seconds is given by
S = t3 – 5t2 + 2t + 5
2t2
Find its:
(a) Acceleration after 1 second
(b) Velocity when acceleration is Zero
9. The curve of the equation y = 2x + 3x2, has x = -2/3 and x = 0 and x
intercepts.
The area bounded by the axis x = -2/3 and x = 2 is shown by the sketch
below.
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Find:
(a) (2x + 3 x2) dx
(b) The area bounded by the curve x – axis, x = - 2/3 and x =2
10. A particle is projected from the origin. Its speed was recorded as shown in
the table below
Time 0 5 10 15 20 25 39 35
(sec)
Speed 0 2.1 5.3 5.1 6.8 6.7 4.7 2.6
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(m/s)
Use the trapezoidal rule to estimate the distance covered by the particle
within the 35 seconds.
11. (a) The gradient function of a curve is given by dy = 2x2 – 5
dx
Find the equation of the curve, given that y = 3, when x = 2
(b) The velocity, vm/s of a moving particle after seconds is given:
v = 2t3 + t2 – 1. Find the distance covered by the particle in the
interval 1 ≤ t ≤ 3
12. Given the curve y = 2x3 + 1/2x2 – 4x + 1. Find the:
i) Gradient of curve at {1, - 1/2}
ii) Equation of the tangent to the curve at {1, - 1/2}
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13. The diagram below shows a straight line intersecting the curve y = (x-1)2 +
4
At the points P and Q. The line also cuts x-axis at (7, 0) and y axis at (0, 7)
a) Find the equation of the straight line in the form y = mx +c.

b) Find the coordinates of p and Q.
c) Calculate the area of the shaded region.
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14. The acceleration, a ms-2, of a particle is given by a =25 – 9t2, where t in

seconds after the particle passes fixed point O.
If the particle passes O, with velocity of 4 ms-1, find
(a) An expression of velocity V, in terms of t
(b) The velocity of the particle when t = 2 seconds
15. A curve is represented by the function y = 1/3 x3 + x2 – 3x + 2
(a) Find: dy
dx
(b) Determine the values of y at the turning points of the curve
y = 1/3x3 + x2 – 3x + 2
(c) In the space provided below, sketch the curve of y = 1/3 x3 + x2 – 3x +
2
16. A circle centre O, ha the equation x2 + y2 = 4. The area of the circle in the
first quadrant is divided into 5 vertical strips of width 0.4 cm
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(a) Use the equation of the circle to complete the table below for values
of y
correct to 2 decimal places
X 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0

Y 2.00 1.60 0
(b) Use the trapezium rule to estimate the area of the circle
17. A particle moves along straight line such that its displacement S metres
from a given point is S = t3 – 5t2 + 4 where t is time in seconds
Find
(a) The displacement of particle at t = 5
(b) The velocity of the particle when t = 5
(c) The values of t when the particle is momentarily at rest
(d) The acceleration of the particle when t = 2
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18. The diagram below shows a sketch of the line y = 3x and the curve y = 4 –
x2 intersecting at points P and Q.
(a) Find the coordinates of P and Q

(b) Given that QN is perpendicular to the x- axis at N, calculate
(i) The area bounded by the curve y = 4 – x2, the x- axis and the
line QN (2 marks)
(ii) The area of the shaded region that lies below the x- axis
(iii) The area of the region enclosed by the curve y = 4-x2, the line
y – 3x and the y-axis.
2007
19. The gradient of the tangent to the curve y = ax 3 + bx at the point (1, 1) is -5
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Calculate the values of a and b.

2007
20. The diagram on the grid below represents as extract of a survey map
showing
two adjacent plots belonging to Kazungu and Ndoe.
The two dispute the common boundary with each claiming boundary along
different smooth curves coordinates (x, y) and (x, y2) in the table below,
represents points on the boundaries as claimed by Kazungu Ndoe
respectively.
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
y1 0 4 5.7 6.9 8 9 9.8 10.6 11.3 12
y2 0 0.2 0.6 1.3 2.4 3.7 5.3 7.3 9.5 12
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(a) On the grid provided above draw and label the boundaries as claimed
by Kazungu and Ndoe.
(b) (i)Use the trapezium rule with 9 strips to estimate the area of the
section of the land in dispute
(ii) Express the area found in b (i) above, in hectares, given that 1
unit on each axis represents 20 metres
21. The gradient function of a curve is given by the expression 2x + 1. If the
curve passes through the point (-4, 6);
(a) Find:
(i) The equation of the curve
(ii) The vales of x, at which the curve cuts the x- axis
(b) Determine the area enclosed by the curve and the x- axis
22. A particle moves in a straight line through a point P. Its velocity v m/s is
given by v= 2 -t, where t is time in seconds, after passing P. The distance s
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of the particle from P when t = 2 is 5 metres. Find the expression for s in

terms of t.
23. Find the area bonded by the curve y=2x – 5 the x-axis and the lines x=2 and
x = 4.
23. Complete the table below for the function

Y = 3x2 – 8 x + 10
X 0 2 4 6 8 10
Y 10 6 - 70 - 230
Using the values in the table and the trapezoidal rule, estimate the area
bounded by the curve y = 3x2 – 8x + 10 and the lines y – 0, x = 0 and x =
10
24. (a) Find the values of x which the curve y = x2 – 2x – 3 crosses the axis
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(b) Find (x2 – 2 x – 3) dx

(c) Find the area bounded by the curve Y = x2 – 2x – 3. The x – axis and
the
lines x = 2 and x = 4
25. Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = (x + 1) (x- 2) when x = 2
26. The distance from a fixed point of a particle in motion at any time t seconds
is given by s = t – 5/2t2 + 2t + s metres
Find its
(a) Acceleration after t seconds
(b) Velocity when acceleration is zero
27. The curve of the equation y = 2x + 3x2, has x = - 2/3 and x = 0, as x
intercepts. The area bounded by the curve, x – axis, x = -2/3 and x = 2 is
shown by the sketch below.
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(a) Find (2x + 3x2) dx

(b) The area bounded by the curve, x axis x = -2/3 and x = 2
28. A curve is given by the equation y = 5x3 – 7x2 + 3x + 2

Find the
(a) Gradient of the curve at x = 1
(b) Equation of the tangent to the curve at the point (1, 3)
29. The displacement x metres of a particle after t seconds is given by x = t 2 –

2t + 6, t> 0
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(a) Calculate the velocity of the particle in m/s when t = 2s

(b) When the velocity of the particle is zero,
Calculate its
(i) Displacement
(ii) Acceleration
30. The displacement s metres of a particle moving along a straight line after t
seconds is given by s = 3t + 3/2t2 – 2t3
(a) Find its initial acceleration
(b) Calculate
(i) The time when the particle was momentarily at rest.
(ii) Its displacement by the time it comes to rest momentarily when
t = 1 second, s = 1 ½ metres when t = ½ seconds
(c) Calculate the maximum speed attained
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MATHEMATICS ANSWERS
FORM 1
TOPIC 1
NUMBERS
1. 1000 0.0064
100
1000 (0.08)
10
1000 x 0.008
=8
2. (a) -8  2 + 12 x 9 – 4 x 6
56  7 x 2
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- 4 + 108 - 24
16
= 80/16
=5
3. 46 – 3 = 23 – 1
-2 3 = 24
3
4. Mliwa: /8 x 2/3 x = ¼ x
Amina: x – (1/3 + ¼ )x = 5/12 x
5
/12 x – ¼ x = 40,000
2
/12 x = 40,000
X = 240,000
5. +4 x 4 – (-20) = 4 x 4 + 20 = 36
-6(6 3) + (-6) -6 x 2 -6 -18
=2
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6. 384. 16 x 0.625
96.04
24 x 74 x 10-2 x 54 x 10-4
22 x 74 x 10-2
22 x 54 x 10-4
= 2 x 52 x 10-2
= 0.5
7 1/x + 1/ x + 5 = 1/6
6( x + 5) + 6x = x (x + 5)
X2 – 7x – 30 = 0
(x – 10 ) (x + 3) =0
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X = 10, -3
Onduso takes 10 days
8. (1470)2 = [2 x 3 x 5 x 72]8
√ 7056 √(24 x 32 x 72)
= 22 x 32 x 52 x 74
22 x 3 x 7
= 3 x 52 x 73
9. ¾ + 1 5/7 4/7 of 2 1/3
(13/7 – 5/8) x 2/3
¾ + 9/7
45
/56 x 2/3
57
/28 x 28/ 15 or 399/196 x 28/15
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10. A and B opened for 1 hr

1
/3 + 1/6 = ½
A,B,C opened for 1 hr

½ - 1/8 = 3/8
Time taken to fill the tank when all pieces are opened = ½ x 2/3 + 1
21/3 hr
11. 4/9 (45 + W) = 10 + W
4 (45 + w) = 9 (10 + w)
180 + 4W = 90 + 8 w
5w = 90
W = 18
12. 91125
2025
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45
/45 = 1
13. (a) 7532
(b) 500
14. 0.0084 x 1.23 x 3.5

2.87 x 0.056
84 x 123 x 35
287 x 56 x 100
= 9/40
15. 14/7
16. 3
17. 4/5 or 0.8
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1
18. /27
19. 11. 25
20. 30
21. 6 5/18
22. -17
23. 1 5/11
24. a = 38, b = 225
25. GCD = xy2, xy2 (x- 2y) x + 2y)
9
26. /4
27. 48
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TOPIC 2.
ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS
1. Let Ali be a goats
A + a + 2 + 3 (a + 2) + a + 2 + 3 (a + 2) – 10
9a + b
9a + 6 = 17 x 3
9a = 45
a= 5
Odupoy sold 28 – 10 = 18 goats
2. yx + 3 yz = 2x- z
X (2-y) = 3yz + z)
X = z (3y + 1)
2–y
3. 3x – 3xy + xy – y2
2
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3x (x-y) + y (x – y)
(x-y) (3x + y)
4. 3 (x-1) –(2x + 1) = 3x – 3 – 2 x -1
3x 3x
X–4
3x
X -4 = 2
3x 3
3x – 12 = 6x
X = -4
5. (a + b) (a –b)
(2557 – 2547) (2557 + 2547)
510 x 10
51040
6. (p + q) (p + q)
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P2 (p + q) – q2 (p + q)
(p + q) (p + q) 1
(p + q) (p- q) (p + q) = p-q
7. yx + 3yz = 2x – z
Yx – 2x = - 3yz – z
X (y-2) = 3yz – z
X = -3x – z
Y -2
8. 1
/4x = 5/6x – 7
a + b
9. 2(a + b) 2 (a- b)
10. (7 x – 1) (4x + 1)
11. Ali’s age = 16 yrs. Juma’s age = 42 yrs
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12. Trouser 150, shirt cost 30
TOPIC 3
RATES, RATIO PERCENTAGES AND PROPORTION
1. (4 x 21) + (3 x 42) = 30
7
130 x 30 = 39
100
2. 27 x 4 x 60 = 3.6
60 x 30
Height = 23.6 cm
3. (a) (i) Total collected Kshs 80 x 25 x 6

Kshs 12000
(ii) Net profit = 12000 – ( 1500 + 200 + 150 + 4000
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Kshs 12000 – 5850 = Kshs 6250

(b) The days collection = Kshs 80 x 12000
100
= Kshs 9600
Net profit = Kshs 9600- 5850
Kshs 3750
Shares = /5 x 3750 or 3/5 x 3750
25
Kshs 1500 and Kshs. 2250

3.5
4. /100 x 50 = 1.75
(a) 4.75 x 30 = 1.425
Total = 3.175 kg
(ii) 3.175 x 100 = 3.9688

80
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= 3.969%
(b) No. of fat kg = x/50 x 100 = 4

X = 2 kg fat
Milk
Kg of A = y
Kg of B = 50 – y
3/5y + 4.75 (50 – y) = 2

100 100
3.5y + 237.5 – 4.75 = 200

1.2y = 37.5
Y = 37.7
1.25
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Y = 30
A= 30 kg
B = 20 kg
B≥ 20 kg
5. (a) 240 x 12000
= Kshs 2,880, 000
(b) (i) New price = 125/100 x 12000
= Kshs. 15,000
New no of sets = 90/100 x 240 = 216
Amount from sale = 216 x 15,000

= Kshs 3, 240,000
Increase = 3, 240, 000 – 2, 880,000
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= 360, 000
% increase = 360, 000 x 100 = 12.5%

2,880, 000
(ii) 16/ 15 x 15,000 = Kshs 16,000
(c) Let the no of sets sold in 2003 be x

16000 x = 2,880,000
X = 2, 880, 000
16,000
P% = 240 – 180 x 100 = 25%

240
 p = 25
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6. (a) Initial volume of alcohol

= 60 /100 x 80
New volume of solution = (80 + x) ltrs)
48 = 40
(80 + x) 100
4800 = 3200 + 40x
40x = 1600
X = 40 ltrs
(b) New volume of solution
80 + 40 + 30 = 150 ltrs
48/150 x 100 = 32
% age of alcohol= 32%
(b) in 5 lts
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32% of 5 = 1.6 ltrs of alcohol

68% of 5 = 3.4 ltrs of water
In 2 ltrs 60% of 2 = 1.2 lts of alcohol
40% of 2 = 0.8 ltrs of water
In final solution (7 lts)
2.8 ltrs are alcohol
4.2 ltrs are water
Ratio of water to alcohol
= 4.2: 2.8 = 3.2
Alternately
(c) 5 lts. W.A = 68:32 = 17:8
Water = 17/25 x 5 = 17/5
Alcohol = 8/25 x 5 = 8/5
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In 2 lts
Water = 40/100 x 2 = 4/5
Alcohol = 60/100 x 2 = 6/5
Final solution
Water alcohol
17
/5 + 4/5: 8/5 + 6/5
21
/5 : 14/5
21: 14
= 3: 2
7. (a) % Profit taxes and insurance
40
/100 x 75/100
Amount shared
= 100 – (25 + 30) x 225000
100
45
/100 x 225000
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= 101250
Amount Cherop received more than Asha:
Ratio of contribution
60,000: 85000: 105 000
12 : 17 : 21
21 – 12 x 101250 = 18225
50
(b) Profit during 2nd year
225000 x 10/9 = 250, 000
Nangila’s new ratio

= 110000 = 2
275000 5
Nangila’s new share of profit
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= 2/3 x 112500 = 45000
8. 2 11/ 12 hours
9. 10 days
10. Kshs 52
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TOPIC 4
MEASUREMENTS
1. (a) (i) (0.8 x 1.2) + (1.2) x 2 + (0.8 x 1) + ½ x 0.8 x 0.3 x 2
= 0.96 + 2.4 + 1.6 + 0.24
= 5.2 m2
(ii) 0.6 x 1.2 x 2

= 1.44
(b) 300 x 1.44

432 + 1820
= Kshs 2252
(c) 432 (1.5)2

= Kshs 972
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2. (a) 29 + 28/2 = 43
= 43 cm2
(b) 43.1075 x 104 x 104
1:25 x 108
1:5 x 104
= 1: 50000
3. Area of rectangle = 19.5 x 16.5
= 321.75 cm2
Area of 4 triangles = ½ x 6 x 4.5 x 4
= 54 cm2
Area of Octagon = 321.75 – 54
4. V1 = π h (11/2) 2
= 3.142 x (5.5)2 x 600
V2 = π(9/2)2 h
= 3.142 x (4.5)2 x 600
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Volume of material used = V1 – V2

3.142 x 600 (5.52 – 4.52)
3.142 x 600 (5.5 + 4.5) (5.5 – 4.5)
3. 142 x 600 (10) (1)
5.
¼ of area = ¼ x 60
= 15 cm2
 ½ x 7.5 x X = 15
75 x = 30/75 = 4
One of the sides = 7.52 + 42

= 8.5 cm
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Perimeter = 8.5 x 4
= 34 cm
6. Curved S.A = ½ x 22/ 7 x 2 x 4.2 x 150
= 22 x 0.6 x 150
= 1980 cm2
Area of two semi circular ends = ½ πr2 x 2 = 55.44 cm2
Area of rectangular surface = 8.4 x 150

= 1260 cm2
Total surface area = 1980 + 55.44 + 1260
= 3295 . 44 cm2
7. a)
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V = cross section area x height

= ½ x 2.4 x (2 + 5.6) x 8
= 72.96 cm3
(b) Mass = 72. 96 x 5.75 = 419.52g
(c) (i) 246.24 cross section Area x 8

Cross section Area = 246. 46 = 30.85 cm2
(ii) 419. 52 = 2
M2 5
M2 = 419. 52 x 5
2
= 1048.8 g
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Density = 1048.8 = 4.26g cm-3

246. 24
8. Volume of plate = 1.05 x 1000

8.4
3
= 125 cm
Length of the side = 125
0.2
= 25 cm
9. (a) L.S.F = 20 4
45 or 9 or 2
3
V.S.F = 8
27
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Capacity of smaller container

= 8 x 0.0945 = 0.28L
27
(b) Let depth be h
45 (13 – h) = 20h
585 = 65h
H=9
(c) Amount in smaller container
1 x 9 x 45 + 20 x 9
5
= 261
Height in smaller container
261 = 13.05 cm
20
Difference 13.05 – 4 x 9
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5
= 13.05 – 7.2
= 5.85
10. 72
11. (a) 107,800 litres
(b) 486 days
(c) 485 days
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12. (a) (i) 20.25m2

(ii) 50625 kg
(iii) 5625 kg
(b) 112.5 ( 113)
(c) 4 lorries
13. 1.5 m
14. (a) R = 8.5
R = 5.5
V = 1848 cm
15. 97.43 cm3
16. 267/75 cm2
17. 270 cm2
18. 425 ha
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TOPIC 5
LINEAR EQUATIONS
1. 3S + 2T = 840
4S + 5T = 1680
12 S + 8T = 3360
12 S + 15T = 5040
7T = 1680
T = 240, S = 120
2. Y = 2x – 3
X2 – x ( 2x – 3) = 4
X2 – 3x – 4 = 0
(x + 1) (x – 4) = 0
X = -1 or x = 4
And
3. 5s + 3b = 1750 ….( i)
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3s + b = 850 ….(ii)
5s + 3b = 1750 ….(iii)
9s + 3b = 2550 ….(iv)
4s = 800
S= 200
B = 250
4. Let the cost be Kshs c- cups
S – spoon
3c + 4s = 324
5c – 2s = 228
15c + 20s = 1620

15c – 6c = 684
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26s = 936
S = 36 c= 60
5. Let no of ten shillings coin be 6
No of five shilling coin = 2t
No of one shilling coin = 21- 3t
Value = 1 ot + 2t x 5 + (21 – 3t) x 1 = 72
17t = 51
T=3
6. 6a + 4b = 7.2
2a + 3b = 3.4
6a + 4b = 7.2
6a + 9b = 10.2
5b = 3b = 0.6 a = 0.5
7. 4p + 6b = 66 ….(i)
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2p + 5b = 51 ….(ii)
(a) 4p + 6b = 66 ….(iii)
4p + 10b = 102 ….( iv)
4b = 36
b = 9p = 3
(b) Let number of pencils bought be x;
3x + 9 (x+4) = 228
12x = 192
X = 16
8. x (9x+4) = 32
X2 + 4x – 32 = 0
(x – 4) (x + 8) = 0
X = 4 or x = -8
Length of room is 4 + 4 = 8m
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9. 2p + 3b = 78 …………..(i) x 3
3p + 4b = 108 …………..(ii) x 2)
6p + 9b = 234
6p + 8b = 216
B = 18
Substituting for b in e.g. ii
3p + 72 = 108
3p = 36
P = 12
10. m + 14 = 2(s+14)
(m + 4) + (s – 4) = 30
M= 2s + 14
M + s = 38
2s + 14 + s = 38
S=8
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M = 30
Mother’s age when son was born
= 30- 8 = 22
Present 14 years
11. Ali’s age is 16 years
Juma’s age is 42 years
12. s = 30, t = 150 total 180
13. 1080
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TOPIC 6
1. 25000 – 3750 = 21250
Amount to pay = 21250 + 21250 x 40 x 2
100
= 38250
One installment = 38250
24
= 1, 593.75
2. (a) 21000 x 48 – 560, 000
1008000- 560000
= 448,000
(b) 448, 000 = 560, 000 x R x $
100
R = 448,000 x 100
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560, 000 x 4
3. 17500 x 95/5
= Kshs 322, 500
Let pineapples sold at Kshs 72 for every 3 be x and at Kshs 60 for every 2
be 144 – x
144 – x x 60 + x x 72 = 3960
2 3
4320 – 30 x + 24x = 3960
6x = 360
X = 60
4. (a) C.P = 4000 x 100 = 1 2/3% or 5/3 %
(b) Commission = 5/300 x 98/ 100 x 360,000
= 5, 880
5. Let the buying price be x
Profit = (1048 – x)
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Loss – (x – 880)
4x = 3680
X = Kshs 920
6. Commission = 2.4 x 100,000 + 3.9 x 180, 000
100 100
= 2,400 + 7, 020
= Kshs 9, 420
7. Korir Wangari Hassan
¼ x 2/5 x ¾ x or 3/10x 3
/2 x ¼ x or 3/8 x
Bank = x – ( ¼ x + 3/10 x + 3/8x)
= 3/40x
3
/8 x – 3/40 x = 60,000
X = 200,000
8. (a) Swiss Francs
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52 = 40.63
1.28
(b) Kshs 40. 63 x 45 . 21

= 1837
9. Selling price = 97. 5 x 120,000
100
= 117, 000
Commission = 5 x 117, 000
100
Kshs 5850
Total earning = 5850 + 9000
Kshs 14, 850
10. 105, 000 x 9.74
= Kshs 1, 022, 700
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Amt. Remaining = 1, 022, 700 - 403879

= 618, 821
= S.A and Received = 51, 100
11. 2950000
118
= US dollar 25000
Duty Paid = 25000 x 20 x 76
100
= Kshs 380, 000
12. (a) (i) Kshs 12, 000
(ii) Kshs 6150
(b) Kshs 1500 and Kshs 2250
13. £ 10 or £ 10.6
14. 55086
15. (a) Kshs 150, 000
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(b) Kshs 2025

16. Kshs 15818.40
17. 11109 or 11110 ( table)
18. Kshs 505, 000
19. n = 60
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TOPIC 7
GEOMETRY
1. AB correctly constructed
ABP correctly constructed
(i) AD = 4.5  0.1 cm
Distance A to D = 4.5 x 10 = 45 km
(ii) Bearing D from B = 241  1
(iii) Bearing p from D = 123  2
(iv) DP = 12.9 + 0.2 cm
Distance D to P = 12.9 x 10 = 129 km
2. Location of T
Location of K
Location of G
(a) Distance TK = 80  2km
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Bearing of T from K: 0430  1

(b) Distance GT = 72  2k
Bearing of G from T: 2450  20
(c) Bearing of R from G: 1300 
3. (a) Bearing of 0600 drawn
Bearing of 2100 drawn
Distance on scale drawing
Representing 150 km
Representing 1800 km
(b) (i) Actual distance
(16  0.1) x 200 or equivalent
= 3200 Km
(ii) Bearing of T from S
= 224  10
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(iii) Bearing of S from T

0440  10
. Measure AB = 15 m
Measure 300 at B
Construct 900 at A
(a) Measure height AT = 105.5  1
Measure height AH = 8.7  14
Measure height HT = 1.8  1
5. 2n – 4 right angles
2 xg – 4 = 14 right angles
14 x 90 = 12600
6. sin β = Sin 300
12 15
Sin β = 0.5 x 12 = 0.4
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15
Β = 23. 580 (23035)
Α 1800 – ( 30 – 23. 58)
= 126. 420 ( 1260 25)
Bearing of Z from X
1800 + 126. 420
= 306. 42 ( 3060 25)
N= 530 25W
7. (a) RA = 30 or RA = 30 tan 640
Tan 260
= 30 or 30 x 2.050
0.4877
= 61. 51 ( 61.5)
RB = 30 or = 30 tans 58
Tan 32
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= 30 or 30 x 2.050
0.6249
= 48. 01 (48)
AB 61.522 + 48.012
= 3783 + 2305 = 6088

= 78.03
(b) tan θ = 48.01

61.51
= 0.7805
θ = 370 58
= 32202 ( 322. 03)
8. H = 12 sin 60
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= 10.39
AD = ( 12 cos 60) x 2 + 4)
= 16
Area [ ½ x (4 + 16) 10. 39]2
= 103.9 x 2
= 207. 8 cm2
9. (a)
10. (a)
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yz = 2002 + 2002 – 2x ( 200 x 200) cos 50

yz = 103. 53
Bearing of z from y = 2450
(b) (i)
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Yw = 200 cos 50
= 128.6
(c) (i)
TY = 200 tan 60
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= 21.02 m
Tan Ө = 21. 02
128.6
Tan Ө = w 0.1635
Ө = 9.280
11. (a) From ∆ BCD
Sin 300 = BD
12
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BD = 12 sin 30
= 12 x ½
= 6 cm
(b) From ∆ ABD
Sin 45 = sin  ADB
6 8
Sin  ADB = 8 sin 45
6
= 4 x 0.7071
3
= 0.9428
 ADB = 70.53
12. (a)  ADE = 360
(b)  AEF = 660
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(c)  DAF = 120

13.
14.  LKM = 1100 ( - seen or implied)

 KLM = 350 ( or kml = 350)
Bearing is 1850
15. (a) Diagram
(b) (i) 73  1 km
(ii) 1020  10 or 5780 E  10
16. (a) Diagram
600 km am 500 km seen or used
Scale used
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Bearing and distance of P

Bearing and distance of Q
(b) 1060  10 km
(c) (i) 254  10
(ii) 0.74  10
17. (i) 45 km
(ii) 124  1
(iii) 123  2
(iv) 129 km
18. Location of T
Location of K
Location of G
(a) Distance TK = 80  2 km
Bearing of T from K: 0430  1
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(b) Distance GT = 72  2k
Bearing of G from T: 2450  20
(c) Bearing of R from G: 1300  20
19. (a) < BAE = 5400 = 1080
5
(b) < BED = 1080 - 360
= 720
(c) <BNM = 900 - 360
= 540
20.
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21. 2x + ½ x + x + 40 + 100 + 130 + 160 = 720

7x = 280
2
X = 280 x 2 = 800
7
Smallest angle ½ x = 400
22. Ext angle = 180 – 156
= 24
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N = 360
24
= 15
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TOPIC 8
COMMON SOLIDS
1. (a)
(b) Four (4) planes of symmetry
2.
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3.
4. (a)
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(b) VO = 3.7 cm ( Not to scale)

5.
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6.
7. (a)
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(b) 64.95 cm2

8.
FORM TWO
TOPIC 1
NUMBERS
1. No Log
36.15 1.5581
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0.02573 2.4104
1.9685
1.838 0.2874
1.6811  3
[3 + 2.6811]  3
7.829 x 10-1 1.8937

= 0.7829 or 7828
2. 24(x2) = 23(4 – 3)
4x2 = 12x – 9
4x2 – 12x + 9 =0
= (2 x -3) (2x + 9)=0
X = 3/2 or 1.5
3. No Log
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(1934)2 3.2865 x 2
6.5730
0.0034 3.5105  2
4 + 1.5105
2
2.75525
5. 32825
436 2.63950
4.884 x 102 2.6888
= 488.4 or 488.5
4. No Log
55.9 1.7474
0.2621 1.4185
0.01177 2.0708
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= 3.4893
5 + 2.4893 = 1.4979
5 2.2495
1.776 x 102
= 177.6
5. 22 x 52x
(2 x 5)2x – 2) = 10
6. No Log
3.256 0.5127
0.0536 2.7292
1.2419  3
( 3 + 2.2.2419)  3
0.5589 1.7473
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7. 25(x-3) x 22(x+4) = 26 2x

5(x-3) + 3(x + 4) = 6 – x
9x = 9
X =1
8. (34) 2x x (33)x = 36
8x + 3x – 2x = 6
9x = 6
X = 2/3
9. 1 = 0.04072
24.56
4.3462 = 18.89
0.04072 + 18.89 = 18.93072
= 18.93
10. No Log
0.032 2.5051
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14.26 1.1541
1.6592
0.006 3.7782
1.8810x 2/3
17.954 1.2540
17.95
11. x=½
12. 0.01341
13. m = -3
14. y=0
15. 177.6
16. 2.721
17. 0.0523
18. 0.001977
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TOPIC 2
EQUATIONS OF LINES
1. (a) OT = 1/3 -1/2 + 2

/3 4
/10 = 3
/6
(b) (i) Gradient PQ = 4

Gradient normal / ⊥ = - ¼
(ii) y -6 = -1
X -3
4(y-6) = -1 (x-3)
4y – 24 = -x + 3
4y = -x + 27
(iii) (6 ¾ - 6)2 + (3-0)2

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= 9.5625
= 3.092
= 3.09 (3 s.f)
2. L1 -2 =5
x-1
y = 5x -3
L2 at x = 4, y = 17
y -17 = -1
x-5 5
y= 1/5 x + 89/5
3. Midpoint of PQ = 5 + (-1) – (4 + (-2)
2 2
= 2, -3
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Gradient of PQ = -4 – (-2)
5 – (-1)
= -1/3
Gradient of ⊥ bisector = 3
Equation of ⊥ bisector = y – (-3) = 3
x–2
y + 3 = 3x -6
y = 3x – 9
4. 7y = 3x -30
Y = 3x – 30
7 7
Y intercept = -30
7
X intercept = 10
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A is (10, 0)
Based on line y = -x
Y = 3x – 30 = 3(-y) – 30
7 7 7 7
Y = -3y – 30
7 7
10y -30
/7 = /7
Y = -3
x =3
B (3, -3)
5. 8-k = -3
k-3
8-k = -3k + 9
2k = 1
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k= ½
Taking a general point (x, y)
Y – 8 = -3
X -½
y- 8 = -3x + 3/2
3x + y = 9 ½ or 6x + 2x + 2y = 19
6. 6+2 1+3 = (4,2)
2 2
1 -3 x u2 = -1 (M2 = 2
6–2
Y–2 =2
X–4
2x – y = 6
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7. (a) 1/5
(b) y = -5x + 7
8. y = 2x – 3
9. y = -2x + 13
10. y = 2/5x + 5
11. Gradient = 4/3 or 1 1/3
Y – intercept = -3
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TOPIC 3
TRANSFORMATIONS
1. x = -1 - 1 -2 =
y 2 2 0
x1 = -3 + -2 -5
y1 -3 0 -3
=> (x’, y’) = (-5, -3)

2.
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3. -5 +T = -1
4 -1
T = -1 - -5
-1 4
T= 4
-5
-4 + 4 = 0
5 -5 0
4. 0 1 2 4 1 =1 1 6
-1 0 1 1 6 -2 -4 -1
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5. (a) (i) Diagram

(ii) A” (2) B” (7 -2) C”( 5, -4) D” (3, -4)
(b) A” (2) B” (-7, -2) C” (-5, -4) D”(-3, 4)
(c) Half turn
Centre (0,0)
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6. 5 -3 = 2
4 2 6
OQ = 2 + 2 = 4
5 -6 1
PQ = 4 5 = -1
-1 -4 3
PQ = (-1)2 + 32
= 10
7. (a) Translation = 10 - -2 = 12
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10 3 7
Q = 1 + 12 = 13
3 7 10
= 13, 10
(b) m -2m - n 1 = -12

3m 3 9
-2m - n = -12
3 3n 9
-2m – n = -12 ………….. x3

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3m – 3n = 19 ………….. x1
-6 m – 3n = 36
3m – 3n = 9
-9 = -45
M = 5; n = 2
8. (a) Reflection along y- axis (x =0)
(b) ( on graph)
(c) Rotation about (0,0) through 900
(d) On the graph
(e) P” Q” R” and P” Q” R”
P Q R and P’ Q’ R’
P” Q’ R’ and P” Q” R”
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TOPIC 4
MEASUREMENT
1. 4/3 x 22/7 x r3 = 1/3 x 22/ 7 x 9 x 9 x 12
R3 = 243
R = 6.24 or equivalent
A = 4 π r2 = 4 x 22/7 x 6.24 x 6.24
= 489. 5 cm3
2. (a) Area of path = 22/7 x 492 – 22/7 x 352 = 36976m2
Area of slab=
22
/7 x 35 – 4 x 4 x 3 = 3850 - -48 = 3802m2
Total cost = 3696 x 300 + 3802 x 400 = 2629600
Amount nit spent = 20/100 x 115/ 100 x 2629600
Kshs 604808
(b) Actual expenditure
= 80/100 x 115/100 x 2629100 = 2419232
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3. 1 + x2 = (2x -1)2 -1
3x2 – 4x – 1 = 0
X = 1.549m
4. Volume of the cone = 1/3 x 22/7 x 7 x 7 x 18
= 924 cm2
Let change in height be H
Volume of water displaced = 22/7 x 14 x 14 x H
= 616 cm3
Π x 14 x 14 x H = 1/3 π x 7 x 7 x 18
H = 49 x 6 = 1.5 cm
14 x 14
5. (a) 1/3 π x r2 x 9 = 270 π
R2 = 270 x 3 = 90
9
R = √90 = 9.49
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6. Initial volume = 4/3 πx 23

= 32/3 π
New vol. = 32/3 π x 337.5
100
= 36 π
7. (a) y2 – ( ½ x x2 x4)
Y2 – 2x2
(b) 2x2 = 142
X = 7 √2
(c) Area of the octagon
Y = 14 + 2x = 14 + 2x 9.9
A = y2 – 2x2
= (3.38)2 – 2 x (9.9)2
= 946. 44 cm2
8. Volume = 1/3 x 12 x 9 x 6
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= 216 cm3
9. (a) (i) A = 22/7 x 4.2 x 4.2 = 55. 44
= 55.44 cm2
(ii) Let slanting length cone be L
L- 8 = 3.5 or equivalent
L 4.2
L= 48 cm
Curved area of frustum
= 22/2 (4.2 x 48- 3.5 x 40)
= 193.6 cm2
(iii) Hemispherical surface area
= ½ x 4 x 22/7 x 3.5 x 3.5
= 77 cm2
(b) Ratio of area = 81.51: 326. 04
= 1.4
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Ratio of lengths = 1.2

Radius of base = 4.2
2
= 2.1 cm
10. ½ x 5 x 5 sin 120
½ x 25 x 0.8666
10.83 cm2
11. BO – OD = 152 – 122 = 81 = 9
Area = ½ x 9 x 12 x 2 x ½ x 9 x 18 x 2
= 108 + 162
270 cm2
1
12. /3 x 22/7 x 6 x 6 x 9 + ½ x 4/3 x 22/7 x 6 x 6 x 6
339.4 + 452.6
= 792
13. X –section Area = 22/7 (42 – 32) cm2
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= 7 x 22/7
Vol = 7 x 0.2 x 22/7
= 4.4 cm3
14. Let the width be x

(3/2 x + x) 2 + 2x= 21
3x + 2x + 2x = 21
7x = 21
X = 3 cm
15. V1 = π h (11/2)2
= 3.142 x (5.5)2 x 600
V2 = π (9/2)2 h
= 3.142 x (4.5)2 x 600
Volume of material used = V1 – V2
3.142 x 600 (5.52 – 4.52)
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3.142 x 600 (5.5 + 4.5) (5.5 – 4.5)

3.142 x 600 (10) (1)
= 18.852 cm3
16. X- Section Area = ( ½ x 5 x 5 sin 60 ) x 6
= 10.825 x 6
= 64.95
Volume = 64.95 x 20
1,299 cm3
17. Curved S.A = ½ x 22/7 x 2 x 4.2 x 150
= 22 x 0.6 x 150
= 1980 cm2
Area of two semi- circular ends = ½ πr2 x 2
= 55. 44 cm2
Area of rectangular surface = 8.4 x 150
= 1260 cm2
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Total surface area = 1980 + 55. 44 + 1260

= 3295. 44 cm2
18 (a)
Ac = πrl
= 3.142 x 3 x 5
= 47.13 cm2
Acs = πDh
= 3.142 x 6 x 8
= 150. 82 cm2
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As = ½ 4πr2 = 2 πr2
= 2 x 3.142 x 9
= 56. 56 cm2
Ext S.A = 47. 13 + 150. 82 + 56. 56 = 254 cm2
(b) c.s.f = 15/600 = 1/40
A.S.F = 1/1600
254.5 =1
actual area 1600
Actual Area = 407, 200 cm2
Actual area = 40.72 m2
40.72 x 0.75 = 1.527 ltrs
20
19. (a) Let width of path be xm
L = 10 + 2x
W = 8 + 2x
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(10 + 2x) (8+ 2x) = 168m2

80 + 16x + 20 x + 4x2 = 168
4x2 + 36x – 88 = 0
X2 + ox – 22 = 0
(x-2) (x + 11) = 0
x = 2m
(b) (i) Area of path = 168 – (10 x 8) = 88m2
Area covered by corner slabs
= 4(2x) = 16m2
Area to be covered by smaller slabs
= 88 – 16 = 72m2
No. of smaller slabs used
= 72 x 100 x 100 = 288
50 x 50
(ii) Cost of corner slabs
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600 x 4 = 2400
Cost of smaller slabs
288 x 50 = 14400
Total cost = 2400 + 14400
Kshs 16,800
20. Cos  = 2.5/ 5 = 0.5
θ = 600
Surface under water = 2 x 60 x π x 10 x 12 = 125.7
360
21. Area of each sector
60 x π x 62
360
= 18.84955592
Area of ∆ = ½ x 6 x 6 x sin 600
= 15.5884527
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 Area of the shaded region

15.58845727 + 2(18.84955592) – 15.5884527)
= 15.58845727 + 6.522197303
= 22. 11065457
= 22.11
22. (i) 93.54 cm2
(ii) 28.06 cm2
23. (a) 107,800 litres
(b) 486 days
(c) 485 days
24. 72
25. (a) Sketch
(b) 10.44 cm
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TOPIC 5
1. 2x – 2  x - 1
6x –x – 12
2
2x – 3
2(x -1) x (2x -3)
3x + 4) (2x – 3) x-1
=2
3x + 4
2. y = 2x – 3
X2 – x (2x – 3) = 4
X2 – 3x – 4 = 0
(x + 1) (x- 4) = 0
X=-1 or x = 4
And
Y = -5 or y = 5
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3. 72(x -1) + 72x = 350

7(2x + 2) + 72x = 350
49 (72x) + 72x = 350
72x (49 + 1) = 350
72x (50) = 350
72x = 7; 2x = 1
X=½
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4. 3x2 – 1 – (2x + 1) (x-1)

X2 – 1
X2 + x
X2 – 1
X (x+ 1) = X
(x + 1) (x – 1) x -1
5. 3x – 3xy + xy – y2
2
3x (x –y) + y( x- y)
(x- y) (3x + y)
7. (a + b) (a- b)
(2557 + 2547) (2557 – 2547)
5104 x 10
51040
8. (a) (i) (x + y)2 = x2 + 2xy + y2 = 32
x2 + 2xy + y2 = 9
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(ii) 2xy = 9 – (x2 + y2)

= g – 2g
= -20
(iii) (x-y)2 = x2 + y2 – 2xy
= 2g – (-20)
= 49
(iv) x-y =  √49
= + 7 or -7
(b) x + y = 3
X–y=7 x+y=3
2x = 10 x – y = -7
X=5 2x = -4
Y = -2 x = -2
Y =5
9. (3a + b) ( a+ b)
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(4a – b) (a+ b)
3a + b
4a – b
10. (a) 10x + y
(b) 3(x+ y) + 8 = 10x + y …… (i)
10y + x = 10x + y + 9 …….(ii)
2y – 7x = -8
9y – 9x = 9
18y – 18x = 18
18y – 63x = -72
45x = 90
X = 2; y = 3
Xy = 23
11. 2a2 – 3ab – 2b2 = 2a + b)(a – 2b)
4a2 – b2 = (2a – b) (2a + b)
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(2a+ b) (a – 2b)
(2a – b) (2a + b)
a – 2b
2a - b
12. (3t + 5a) (3t – 5a)
3t + 5a (2t + 3a)
= 3t – 5a
2t + 3a
13. p2 + 2pq + q2
P3 – pq2 + p2q – q3
(p + q) (p + q)
P2 – q2) (p + q)
(p+ q) ( p + q)
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(p – q) (p + q) (p + q)
1
(p – q)
14. 14(x2 – y2) (x2 + y2) (x4 – y4)
= (x4 – y4) (x4 – y4)

= x8 – 2x4 y4 + y8
(x2 – y2) (x6 – x2 y4 + x4 y2 – y6)
15. x + y = 40  y = 40 – x
Sum of the squares in terms of x
S = x2 + (40 – x)2
2x2 – 80x + 1600
16. 15a2 b – 10ab2 = 5ab (3a – 2b)
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3a2 – 5ab + 2b2 (3a – 2b) (a- b)

= 5ab
a-b
17. (i) 9a + 6
(ii) 18
18. x = 3/2
19. 3
20. x=4
21. y=0
22. 2x + y
X – 3y
23. Juma = 42 years
Ali = 16 years
24. x–8
X–2
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25. d = 49
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TOPIC 6
INEQUALITIES
1. 2  3 – x 3 – x < 5
-1  -x -x <2
1 x
-2 x  1 or 1  x > -2
2. 4 – 2x < 4x – 9
13< 6x
13
/6 < x
4x – 9 < + 11
 3x < 20
X < 20/3
Integral value of x = (3,4,5,6)
3. 3-2x < x
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3 – 2x + 2x < x + 2x
3 < 3x
1<x
x =  2x + 5
3
3x  2x + 5
x5
=1x5
4. x =  -16
5. (a) x > 0, y >0
(b) 200x + 1400 y  9800 or x + 7y  49
(c) (i) x = 10, y =4
(ii) x = 7, y =6
Distance = 690 km
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TOPIC 7
CIRCLES
1. < PCB = 40 or <DCQ = 40
Or < BCD = 1400
< BAD = 400
2. (i) < BAC or < BCA = ½ x 90 = 450

< CAD = 180 – (90 + 25)
½ x (180 – 2 x 25)
= 650
<BAD = 450 + 650 = 1100
(ii) Obtuse < BOD = 2 ( 45 + 25)
= 1400
= BGD = 700
(iii) < ABC = < BAC = 450 base
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< ABE = <ACB = 450 < s is alt- segment

< CBF = < BAC = 450 <’s alt- segment
< ABE = CBF
3. (a) < QTS = 400
< s’ in alt- segment
(b) < QRS = 100
Reasons: < SQT = 900 on semi circle
 < TSQ = 500
QRS = 50 – 40 etc < of ∆
(c) < QVT = 350
Reasons < QVT = SQV alt < S
(d) < UTV = 150
Reasons < QUT = UTV + QVT
Ext < of triangle
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 = 50 – 35
4. (a) < RSTY = 104
(b) < TSU = 180 – 104 = 760
< QTS = 180 – (90 + 37) = 530
Or < QRU = 180 – 48 = 132
< SUT = ( 48 + 53)0 - 760
Quadrilateral
OR 360 – ( 132 + 76 + 127)
= 250
(c) Obtuse < RUT = 76 x 2
= 1520
(d) <PST = 70 – 48 or equivalent
= 420
5. (a) (i) <CBD = 90 – 42 = 48
Subtended by diameter
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(ii) < BOD = 180 – 42 = 1380

Cyclic quadrilateral
Reflex BOD = 360 – 138 = 2220
(b) In ∆ BAD
< BAD = ½ x 138 = 690
< ADB = 1800 – 42 + ½ x 138)
= 180 – 111
= 690
6. (a) < ECA = 280
< CEG = 1200 or < EAG = 1200
< ABC = 880
7. < RST = 35 + 200 = 55
550
8.
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TOPIC 8
LINEAR MOTION
1. (a) 300
T–1
(b) Speed of the bus = 500
T -1
500: 300 = 5: 3
T -1 t – 1
2. Speed of slower athlete = 800
108
Distance = 800 x 4
108
= 29.63
3. Distance covered by bus A at loan
= 90 x 2 = 180 km
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Bus B time between 2 stops

72 = 1.2 hours
60
Bus B leaves L at 9.17 am
Distance between 9: 17 and 10.00 a.m
= 60 x 43 = 43 km
60
At 10 am Bus B has covered 72 + 43 = 115 km
Distance between Bus A and B at 10 am
360 – ( 180 + 115) = 65 km
4. Let dist covered by bus be x km
X = 220 – x + 3
60 80 4
4x = 3 (220- x) + 3 x 60
4x = 660 – 3x + 180
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7x = 840
X = 120
ALT METHOD 2
Let time taken when both are moving to be t hrs
60 ( 1 + ¾ ) = 220 – 80 t
t=1¼h
Time bus moving = 1 ¼ + ¾ = 2 h
Distance bus covered = 60 x 2
= 120
ALT METHOD 3
Relative velocity = 140
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 time taken = 220 – ¾ x 60

140
= 1.25 h
Distance bus covered
1.25 x 50 + 45 = 120
5. (a) d - d = 3
50 80
8d – 5d = 3
400
3d = 1200
D = 400 km
(b) (i) 400 x 0.35 + 400 x 0.3 = 260 ltr
(ii) Total time
400 + 400 = 12 hours
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50 80
Average consumption = 260
13
= 20 litres/ hr
6. (a) Time taken by lorry = 280h
X
Time taken by car = 280 h
x + 20
280 – 280 = 7
X x + 20 6
280 ( x + 20) – x ( 280) = 7
X (x + 20) 6
280 x + 5600 – 280 x = 7/6 (x2 + 20x)
7x2 + 140x – 33600 = 0
X2 + 20x – 4800 = 0
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(x+ 80) (x – 60) = 0

X = -80 or x = 60
Speed of lorry = 60 km/h
(b) Speed of car = 80 km/ h
Time taken to meet = 4h
Distance covered by lorry in 4 hours = 60 x 4 = 240 km
Distance covered by car at meeting point = 240 km
Time taken by car = 240
80
= 3 hrs
Car left M at 9.15 am
7. Distance covered by bus in 2 ½ hrs
60 x 5 = 150 km
2
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(a) (i) 500 – 150 = 350 km

(ii) Overtaking speed = 100 – 60 = 40 km/h-1
Distance = 150 km
Time taken to overtake = 150 = 3 ¾ hrs
40
Distance traveled by car to catch up
= 100 x 15/4 = 375 km
(b) Distance remaining = 500 – 375 = 125 km
Time taken by bus to cover 125 km
= 125 =2½
60
Time left for the car after rest
= 2 hrs 5 min – 25 min
= 1 hr 40 min
New average speed = 125  1 2/3 = 75 kmh-1
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8. Amount of fuel used = 120 x 8

4 3
Amount of money spent = 80 x 59

= 4720
9. (a) 15 km
(b) 71.25 km
10. 97
11. 9.20 am
12. (a) 20 m/s
(b) 220 m
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FORM 3
TOPIC 1
1. a) (i) b – a = 35……..(i)
7b – 490a = 39.9….(ii)
A = 4.9 b = 40
(ii) S = 4.9t2 + 40t + 10
t 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
t 10 70.4 85.9 91.6 87.5 73.6 16.4 -
26.4
(b) (i) Suitable scale
Plotting
Curve
(ii) Tangent at t = 5
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Velocity = -9.0  0.5 m/s

2. (a)
X -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
Y 6 0 -4 -6 -6 -4 0 6
(b) Suitable scale
Plotting
Curve
(c) y = -3x -4
Line drawn
3. (a)
X -4 -3 -2 -1 0 -0.5 1 2 3 4 5
Y -14 -6 0 4 6 6.25 6 4 0 -6 14
B1 For all values correct
Line graph = y = 2 – 2x
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(b) x = -1 x =4
(c) 6 + x – x = 2 – 2x
2
X2 – 3x – 4 = 0
4. (a) x -2 -15 1 0 1 2 3 4 5
X3 8 -3.4 -1 0 1 8 27 64 125
-5x2 -20 -11.3 -5 0 -5 -20 -45 -80 -125
2x -4 -3 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
y 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
(b) On the graph scale
Plotting
Curve
(c) 2.15  0.1
(d) y = 4 – 4x
X = 0.55  0.1
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5.
X -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
2
2x 32 18 8 2 0 2 8
-3
4x -19 -15 -11 -7 -3 1 13
Y 13 3 -3 -5 -3 3 13
Plotting and linear scale
(b) X = 2. 6; x = 0.6
(c) Eq. of straight line = y = 3x + 3
6. (a) (i)
x -3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -05 0 0.5 1 2 2.5
X3 -27 - -8 - -1 - 0 0.13 1 8 15.63
15.63 3.38 0.13
X2 9 6.25 4 2.25 1 0.25 0 0.25 1 4 6.25
-2x 6 5 4 3 2 1 - -1 -2 -4 -5
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y -12 -4.38 0 1.87 2 1.12 0 - 0 8 16.88

0.63
(ii) 0 < x < 1 -3 <x<-2

(b) Line y = 2
(1.3, 1.3) and ( -2, -2.3)
7. a0 Find midpoint (centre) = 5 + (-1), 5 + (-3)
2 2
4 2
=[ /2 , /2]
= (2, 1)
(b) Vector of (a,b) = (2,1)
R= 5 - 2 = 3
5 1 4
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r = 32 + 42
= 5 units
(x - 2) + (y – 1)2 = 52
2
X2 – 4x + 4 + y2 – 2y + 1 = 25
X2 + y2 – 4x – 2y – 20 =0
8. (a) Let x be the number of computer bought. Using original price.
Original price per unit = 1800000
X
New price per unit = 1800000 – 4000
X
1800000 – 4000 = 1800000
X x+5
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1800000 x – 4000 x2 + 9000000 – 20000x

= 1800000 x
X2 + 5 x – 2250 = 0
X2 + 50 x – 45x – 2250 = 0
X( x + 50) – 45 (x + 50) = 0
(x – 45) (x + 50) = 0
X = 45
No of computers bought = 50
(b) No of computers left after breakage = 50- 2 = 49
Selling price to realize 15% profit
= 1800000 x 1.15 = 2070000
Buying price per unit = 1800000
50
Profit per unit = 2070000 1800000
48 50
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= 43125 – 36 000
= 7125
9. When x = 0, y = 2  k x 1 x -2
2 = -2k
K = -1
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TOPIC 2
APPROXIMATION AND ERRORS
1 .(a) R = 1 = 1 x 106
0.000016 1.6
=625,000
(b) (i) Approximate value = 1
0.00315 -0.00313
= 1 = 1 x 105
0,00002 2
= 50,000
(ii) Error = 62500 – 50,000
= 12500
2. (a) c = 2x2.8 x 22/7 =17.6
c/π= 17.6 x 7/22 = 5.6
5.6 + 0.05
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(b) 3.142 x 2.8 x 2 = 17.595

3.142 x 5.5 = 17. 281
3.142 5.7 = 19.909
Limits 17.28 – 19.91
. (a) Maximum possible Area
4.11 x 2.21 = 9.083
Minimum possible Area
4.09 x 2.19 = 8.9571
(b) Maximum possible wastage
9.0831 – 8.957
0.126m2
4. (a) Working area = ½ x 6 x 4 =12
Maximum area = ½ x 6.5 x 4.5 = 14. 625
Minimum area = ½ x 5.5 x 3.5 = 9.625
Absolute error = 14.625 – 9.625
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=5
(b) % error = 5/12 x 100
= 41. 7%
Actual value = 788 x 0.006
5. 4.728
Approximate value = 800 x 0.006
= 4. 728
Approximate vale = 800 x 0.006
= 4.8
% Error = 4.8 – 4.728 x 100
4.728
6. Greatest possible error = 64 ( 3. 15 – 3.05)
2
= 201.6 – 195 . 2
2
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= 3.2 cm3
7. 40  6.5
6.5 = 0.1625
40
8. Min Perimeter = 74.75 cm
9. (i) Ans. 0.24 error 0.003
(ii) Ans 0.23 error 0.007
10. Ans 10%
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TOPIC 3
TRIGONOMETRY
1. 5/2 θ = 2100, 3300
θ = 4200, 660
5 5
0 0
= 84 , 132
2. (a) X = 32 – 22
Tan θ = 2
√5
(b) Sec θ = tan2 θ + 1
2
= 4/5 + 1
= 1.8
3. Sin (x – 30) t = ½ x ½ = ¼
2
Sin (x – 30) = ½ =  0.5

X = 30 = 300, 1500, -300, -2100
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X = 600, 1800, 00, -1200, - 1800

4. Cos 2x = sin (90 – 2x)
Sin (x + 30) = Sin (90 – 2x)
S + 30 = 90 – 2x
3x = 60
X = 200
Cos2 3x = Cos 260
= ( ½ )2
= ¼ or 0.25
5. X2 = (√= 12 = 4
X=2
(a) Cos α = 2
√5
(b) Tan ( 90 – α) = 2
6. (a) Sin2X + cos X = 1
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Sin2 x = 1 - cos2 x
8 ( 1-cos2) + 2 cos X – 5 = 0
8 – 8 (cos2 x + 2 cos X – 5 = 0
-8 cos2X + 2 cos X + 3 =0
Let Cos X be t
- 8t2 + 2t + 3 = 0
Let Cos x be t
-8t2 + 2t + 3 = 0
T = ½ t= ¾
Cos X = ¾
(b) Tan X = √7
3
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7. Cos 2x0 = 0/8070

2x0 = 36.20, 323.80, 396. 20, 638.80
X0 = 18.10, 161.90, 198.10, 341.90
8. (a) From ∆ BCD
Sin 300 = BD
12
BD = 12sin 30
= 12 x ½
= 6 cm
(b) From ∆ ABD
Sin 45 = sin  ADB
6 8
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Sin  ADB = 8 sin 45

6
= 4 x 0.7071
3
= 0.9428
ADB = 70.53
9.
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Where 2d + Qs = 3.6m
Qs = 3.6 – 2d
1.8 = d
0
Sin 90 Sin 270
D = 1.8 sin 270
Sin 900
= 0.8172
QS = 3.6 – 1.6344
= 1.9656m
10. Tan 300 = AE
100
(a) (i) AE = 100 Tan 300 = 57.74m
(ii) 57.74 = AC = 81.6m
0
Sin 45 Sin 900
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AD2 = 802 + 81.662 – 2(80 + 81. 66) cos 100

= 6400 + 6668. 36 – 2 (161. 66) cos 100
= 13124.48
AD = 114. 6m
(iii) Cos 300 = 100 ; AB = 100 = 115. 47
AB cos 300
EC = 57.74m ( AEC is isosceles)
Perimeter = BE + EC + CD + DA + AB
= 100 + 57. 74 + 80 + 114.6 + 115.5
= 487. 84
(b) 487.84 – 2.8 = 485. 04
485.04 x 5 = 5.0525
480
 6 rolls of barbed wire are required
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11 l2 = 52 – (2√5)2 = 5
L = √5
tan (90 – x)0 = 2 √5 or 2
√5
12. 1  ACB = 38.50
2
8.4 = x
Sin 100.5 sin 410
X = 8.4 sin 410
Sin 100.5
X = CN = 5.6
13. (a)  ABQ = 180 – 9550 = 8450
 AB = 5.8 = 60.5 m = 14.50 = 61m
Cos 84.5
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(b) (i)  ABC = 95.5 + (90.30.5)

= 1550
Scale 1cm: 10cm
AC = 9.4 x 10 = 94m
(Using 63 m = 96m)  1m
(ii)  BCA = 160  10

 of depression of A from C
= 30.50 - 160
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TOPIC 4
SURDS AND FURTHER LOGARITHMS
1. Log x3 + log 5x = 5 log 2/5
Log (x3 x 5x) = log 32 x 5
2
4
5x = 80
X4 = 16
X=2
2. (1 + √3) (1- √3) = 1-3 = -2
1 x 1-√3
1+√3 1-√3
= 1- √3 = - ½ + √3
-2 3
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1.7321 – 0.5
2
= 0.366
3. √14 √7 + √2) - √14 √7-√2)
(√7 - √2) (√7 + √ 2)
a = 4/5, b = 0
4. 49(x+1) + 7(2x)= 350
49(72x) + 7(2x) = 350
50 (7(2x) ) = 350
7(2x) = 7
2x = 1
X=½
5. 5 log 1 x2 = log 1
125 125
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1 x2 = 1
125 125
X2 = 1
X=1
6. √14 + 2 √3 – (√ 14 - 2√3) = 4√3
(√14)2 – (2√3)2 2
7.
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Tan 150 = 1
2 + √3
1 x 2-√3
2 + √3 2 + √3
= 2 -√3
8. 3√7 + 6√2
4√2 + 2√7
(3√ + 6 √2) (4√2 - 2√7)

(4√2 + 2√7(4√2-2√7)
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12√14 – 42 + 48 – 12 √14
32 – 38
= 6/4 or 1.5
9. 3 +1 = 3(√5 + 2) + 1 √5
√5 – 2 √5 5–4 5
= 3√5 + 6 + 1 √5
5
= 6 + 16 √5
5
10. y =0
11. x = 5, x = 1/3
12. x =1, x =0
13. x =3
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TOPIC 5
1. (a) by 30th June, 1996
A = 12000 x 0.9
= Kshs 13080
(b) By 30th June 1997
A = 12000 x 1.092
13080 + 14257.20
Kshs 27337.20
2. (a) Cost/ ton/km = 24000
28 x 48
Kimani received
24000 x 96 x 49
28 x 48
= 84000
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(b) Profit = 84000 – 96 x 3000 = 48,000

8
(c) Achieng received 84 x 24, 000 = 72,000
28
Transportation cost = 72,000 x 100 = 50,000
144
3. (a) Total earning 40480
20
435 x 2 = 870
435 x 3 = 1305
435 x 4 = 1740
435 x 5 = 2175
284 x 6 = 1704
7794
(b) Net tax – Kshs 7794 – 800
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Kshs 6994
(c) New earnings
1.5 x 2024 = £3036
£ 3036 - £ 2024 = £ 1012
Net tax = 1012 x 6
= Kshs 6072
% age excess = 60 72 x 100
7794
4. (a) (i) 750,000 x 90
100
= 675, 000
(ii) 675, 000 (1.1)3 = 898, 425
898, 425 + 75,000 = 973, 425
(b) 675,000 (1.1)n = 816, 750

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(1.1)n = 1.21
N = 0.0828
0.0414
N = 2 years
5. S1 = P x 2 x 5
100
= 0.1P
Amount after 2 years = P ( 1+ 5)2
100
2
P (1.05) = 1.1025P
Compound interest = 1.1025P – p
= 0.1025P
0.1025P – 0.1P = 0.0025P = 210
P 210 x 104 = 84 000
4
0.0025 x 10
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6. (a) (i) A=P+l

Total interest = 12,800 x 3
= 38,400
P=A–l
P = 358, 400 – 38, 400
= Kshs 320,000
(ii) R =l
100 PT
R = 1 x 100
PT
= 12,800 x 100
320, 000
R = 4%
(b) Deposit = 25 x 56 000 = 14,000
100
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Balance = 56,000 - 14,00 = 42,000

42,000 = 2625 n = 16 installments
N
(ii) B.P = 175 x 40,000 = Kshs 35,000
200
Difference = 56,000 – 35,000
= 21, 000
21,000 x 100 = 60%
35,000
7. Let monthly income be y
Taxable income Rate Tax payable Acc.
Tax
9681 10% 10% x 9681 968.10
18,801 – 9681 = 15% 15% x 9120 = 2336.10
9120 1368
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y – 9684 = x 15% 15% x = 947. 1961

90
X = 94.90 x 100
15
= 6319. 3
Y = 9681 = 6319.3
Y = 6319.3 + 9681
= 16000.30
= Kshs 16,000
8. Interest = (13 800 – 2280) x 20 x 2
100
= 11520 x 0.2 x 2 = 4608
Each monthly installments = 11520 + 4608
24
Kshs 672
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10. (a) Kshs 60, 000

(b) Kshs 79, 860
11. Kshs 240, 000
12. Amount payable = Kshs 75510
13. = 200,00
14. 9663.6
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TOPIC 6
CIRCLES CHORDS AND TANGENTS
1. Area of the sect or = 75 x 22 x 14 x 14
360 7
2
= 128. 3 cm
Area of ∆ = ½ x 14 x 14 sin 750
= ½ x 14 x 14 x 0.9659
= 94.64 cm2
2. (a) PS = (342 – 162 ) = 900
= 30
(b) Cos POS = 172 + 172 – 302 = -322
2 x 17 x 17 578
= -0.5572
POS = 1230 50 ( 123. 860)
3. (a) 6 x C = 4.8 x 5
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XC = 4.8 x 5 = 4
6
2
(b) BT = (6 + 4 + 8) x 8
= 18 x 8 = 144
BT = 12
4. (a) Area = 120 x 7 x 7 x 22= 51 1/3 cm2
360 7
(b) ½ AD = 7sin 600 = 7 cos 60
AB = 14 -2 x 7x 0.5 = 7
Area of trapezium XZBY = ½ ) (7 + 14) x 6.062
= 63.65 cm2
(c) Area of shaded region = 2 (63. 65 – 511 1/3)
= 127. 30 – 102. 67
= 24. 63 cm2
5. θ = Angle POT
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Cos θ = 7/25
θ = 730 55’ or 73. 74
PQ = 7 x 2 sin 73. 74
= 14 x 0.9608
= 13. 44 cm
6.
< RST = 35 + 20 = 55
= 550
7. Area of each sector
60 360 x π x 62
360
= 18.849555592
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Area of ∆ = ½ x 6 x 6 x sin 600

= 15. 5884527
Area of the shaded region
15. 588445727 + 2(18.84955592) – 15.5884527)
= 15. 58845727 + 6.522197303
= 22.11065457
= 22.11
8. (a) NR = 42 + 7.52
= 8.5 cm
(b) QR (14 + 8.5) = 7.52
4xAN = 14 (8.5 – 2.5)
AN = 14 x 6
4
= 21 cm
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TOPIC 7
MATRICES
1. A2 = 1 2 1 2 = 9 8
4 3 4 3 16 17
B= 9 8 1 2 = 8 6
16 17 4 3 = 12 14
2. 1 3 3 1 - 3 1 = p 0
5 3 5 -1 5 -1 0 q
18 = 3p 5q = 30
P=6 q=6
3. (a) x2 0 - x 0 = x2 0
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5 y 5 y 5x + 5y y2
(b) x2 0= 1 0
5x + 5y y2 0 1
5x + 5y = 0
If x = 1, y = -1
If x = -1, y = 1
4. (a) m = 54 – 56 = -2
Inverse matrix = -1 6 -8
2 -7 9
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Or -3 4
7 -9
2 2
(b) Let the price of each bicycle be x and each radio be y
36 x + 32y = 227280
28x + 24 y = 174960
36 32 x = 227280
28 24 y 174960
9 8 x = 56 820
7 6 y 43 740
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6 -8 9 8 x = 6 -8 56 820
-7 9 7 6 y -7 9 43 740
-2 0 x = -9000 1 0 x
0 -2 y -4080 0 1 y
4500
2040
 each bicycle price = 4500 x 0.9 = 4050

New price of radio = 2040 x 1.1 = 2244
 (64 56) 4050 = (259200 + 125664)
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2244
Total cost in 3rd week
= 259200 + 125664 = 384864
1
5. T-1 = / 3 2/ 3
1
/3 -1/3
Coordinates (3,2)
6. (i) 1 -½
-½ 5
-1 -2
(ii) /3 /3
-8
4 /3
-3
(iii) /2 -1
7
0 /2
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7. k= 3
8. Shirts cost Kshs 120

Trousers cost Kshs 240
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TOPIC 8
FORMULAE AND VARIATIONS
1. 1 = 3V + 2
Sc2 2π3
C2 = 2πr3
3SV + 4 πr3 S
C= 2πr3
3SV + 4πr3S
2. 2T = V2 – r2
M
V2 = v2 = v2 – 2T
M
V = V2 – 2T
M
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3. y(Cx2 – a) = b – bx2
X2 (yc + b) = b + ya
X2 = b + ya
Yc + b
X = b + ya
Ya + b
4. logy = log (10xn)
Log y = log 10 + n log x
n log x = log y – log 10
n = logy – log 10
Log x
5. (a) T = a + b√s or T = b + a√s
(b) a + b √16 = 24
a + b √36 = 32
a + 3b = 24
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a + 6b = 32
-2b = -8
b=4 a=8
6. P=k+c
q
10 = k + C = k + 1.5c
1.5 1.5
K + 1.5c = 15
20 = k + c = k + 1.25
1.25 1.25
K = 1.25c = 25
K + 1.5c = 15
K + 1.25c = 25
0.25c = -10
C = -40, k = 75
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7. px – py = xy
Px = xy + py
Px = xy + py
Px = y(x+p)
Y = px
X+p
8. p = p2 – pr – pq + qr
2
Pr + pq = qr
P(r+q) = qr
P = qr
r+q
9. D = km
R3
2 = k x 500 =>k = ½
125
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D=1xm=m
R3 2r3
R3 = 540 = 27
2 x 10
R = 3cm
10. p = r 1 – as2
P = r2 (1 –as2)
P = 1 – as2)
R2
as2 = 1 – P = r2 – p
r2 r2
S2 = r2 – p
a r2
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S = r2 – p
a r2
11. t a x
Y
t = kx
y
t1 = kx1
y1
t2 = k. 096x1 = k0.96x1 = 0.8kx1 = 0.8t1
1.44y1 1.2 y1 y1
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% Decrease = t1 – t2 x 100
t1
= t1 – 0.8t1 x 100
t1
= 20%
12. (a) (i) y = k
xn
(ii) K = 12 x 2 and K = 3 x 4n
12 x n2 and k = 3 x 4n or k = k2
3 144
2 = 2 or k – 48k =0
n+2 2n 2
N + 2 = 2n or k(k – 48) =0
N=2 or k = 48
K = 48 or K = 48
K = 48 or n = 2
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(b) y = 48 = 1 11/16 or 1.6875

5 1/3 2
=1.688
13. 9/8 Ohms
14. (a) V= 52.5r2 + 2.1r3
(b) 974.4 cm3
(c) 25
15. 9.6 kg
16. X = p2z
Y–p2
17. (a) C = a + b where a + b are consonants
N
(b) Fixed charge, a = Kshs 8000
(c) 70 people
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18. A = 79,(-78.82)
19. P = A2N
E2 – n 2
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TOPIC 9
SEQUENCE AND SERIES
1. 10, 10 + 2d , 10 + 6d
10d + 2d = 10d + 6d
10 10 + 2d
2
100 + 40d + 4d = 100 + 60d
4d2 – 20d = 0
D = 5 or d = 0
2. (a) 2nd year saving = 2000 x 115
100
= Kshs 2300
(b) 3rd year saving = 2300 x 115

100
= Kshs 645
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(c) Common ration = 115 or 23

100 10
(d) 2000 (1.15 – 1) = 58000
1.15 – 1
2000 x 1.15 n = 8700 + 2000
1.15n = (8700 + 2000)
2000
n log 1.15n = log 5.35
0.0607n = 0.7284
N = 0.7284 = 11. 99
0.0607
= 12
(e) S20 = 2000 (1.1520 – 1)
1.15 – 1
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= 2000 x 16.37 – 2000 = 30.730

0.15 0.15
= 204800
= 204933
3. (a) ar2 = 16 = 4
a + ar 12 3
Ratio = 4:3
(b) 3r2 – 4r – 4 = 0
3r2- 6r – 2r – 4 = 0
(3r + 2) (r – 2) = 0
R = 2/3 0r r = 2
r = -2/3
n
4. (a) /2 (4 + 20) = 252
N = 504/24 = 21
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/7 (2 x 4 + (21 – 1) d = 252
21
21 (8+ 20d) = 504

D = 16/20 = 4/5
(b) 50 x 1.8n = 1200000

N log 1.8 = log 1200000
50
N x 0.2553 = 4.3802
= 4.3802
= 0.2553
= 17.16
Time taken 17.16 x 20
= 343.2 minutes (5.72 h)
5. (a) T40 = 500 + (40-1) 50
= 500 + 1950
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= 2450
(b) S40 = 40/2 (500 x 2 + (40 – 1) 50

= 20 (1000 + 1950
= 59,000
6. 67 – 32
14
= 2.5
= 67.6 x 2.5
= 52 cm
7. (a) = 32, r = ½
8. (a) d = 5; a = 10
(b) p > 119/5
9. (a) 5, 7, 9, 11
(b) 2700
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(c) n = 24
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TOPIC 10
VECTORS
1. (a) (i) AV = AD + DV = a + c
(ii) BV = BA + AV = a + c – b
(b) BO = ½ BD = ½ (a – b)
OV = OB + BV
= ½ (b – a) + a + c –b
=½a+c–½b
OM = 3/7 OV
= 3/7 ( ½ a + c – ½ b)
BM = BO + OM
½ (a-b) + 3/7 ( ½ a + c – ½ b)
= 7a – 7b + 3a + 6c – 3b
14
10a – 10b + 6c
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14
= 1/7 (5a – 5b + 3c)
2. (a) (i) AB = b – a
(ii) AP = 5/8 (b- a)
(iii) BP = 5/8 (a- b)
(iv) OP = OA + AP or OB + BP
= a + 5/8 (b –a)
= 5/8 a + 5/8b
(b) OP = 5/8 + 5/8b
OQ = a – 5/8 a + 9/40b
= 3/8a + 9/40b
OQ: OP = 3/8a + 9/40b: 5/8a + 3/8b
= 3/8(a+ 3/5b) : 5/8(a+ 3/5b)
OQ: QP = 3:2
3. (a) (i) AN = OM – OA
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4
/ 5b – a
(ii) BM = OM – OB
2
/ 5a – b
(b) (i) AX = sAN
= s(4/5 b – a)
= 4/5 sb – sa
BX – tBM
= t(2/5a – b)
= 2/5ta – tb
(ii) OX = OA + AX
= a + 4/5 b5 – as
= a (1-5) + 4/5 sb
OX = OB + BX
B + 2/5at – bt
= 2/5 ta – b (l-t)
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a (1 – s) + 4/5sb = 2/5ta – b (l-t)

l- S = 2/5t
And
4/5 S = l – t ……….(ii)
From equal (ii)
S= (l – t) 5/4
= 5/4 – 5/4 t
Substituting in l
L – S = 2/5 t; l= 2/5 t + S
L = 2/5t + 5/4 – 5/4 t
5/4 t – 2/5t = 5/4 – l
17t = 1
20 4
T = 5/17
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S = 10/17
4. PQ = 3i 4i -1
6j – 3j = 9j
6k 2k 4k
PQ = (-1)2 + (9)2 + (4)2
= √98
= 7√2
|PQ| = √12 + (9)2 + 42
= 7√2
5. (a) OR = r – 3/2 p
PS = 2r – p
(b) OK = 2/3 p + m (r -3/2 p)
OK = p + n (2r –p)
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3/2 p + m (r – 3/2p) + n (2r-p)

2n = m …….(i)
3/2, -3/2 = 1- n ….. (ii)
M=½ n=¼
(c) PK: KS = 1:3
6. OA = 1
-1
1
OT = 2
0
1.5
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Let OB = x
Y
Z
X + 1 = 2; y + (-1) = 0; Z+ 1 = 1.5
2 2 2
X + 1 = 4’ y -1 = 0; z + 1 = 3
X = 3; y=1; z = 1
OB = 3
1
2
OB = 3i + j + 2k
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7.
| | | | | | | |
P R S Q
PR: RQ = 3: 4
PS : SR = 5: -2
PQ = 8 cm
RS = 2/7 PQ
= 2/7 x 8
= 2.29cm
8. (a) OT = 12/7p + 3/7r
QT = 3/7r – 9/7p
= 3/7 (r-3p)
(b) (i) QR = r – 3p
QT = 3/7QR
 QT & QR are parallel and Q is a common point
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Q, T and R lie on a straight line

(ii) QT : TR = 3:4
T divides QR in the ratio 3:4
9. 8 – k =-3
K–3
8 – k = -3 k + 9
2k = 1
K=½
Taking a general point (x, y)
Y – 8 = -3
X–½
Y – 8 = -3x + 3/2
3x + y = 9 ½ or 6x + 2y = 19
10. q2 + (1/3)2 + (2/3)2 =1
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q2 + 1/9 + 4/9 =1
2
q + 5/9 =1
2
q = 4/9
q = 2/3
11. (a) OL = 3OA
= 3 ( 1, 6)
= 3, 18
ON = 2/3 OB
= 2/3 ( 15, 6)
= ( 10, 4)
LN = 10 -3 = 7
4 18 14
(b) LM = 3/7 LN = 3/7 (7) = (3)
(-14) (-6)
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Let coordinates of M be ( x, y)

x - 3 = 3
y 18 -6
x – 3 = 3 x = 6
y – 18 =-6 y = 12
Hence M (6 , 12)
(c) (l) 6 OT = OM
7
6 x = 6
7 y 12
6x = 6 x = 7
7
6y = 12  y = 14
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7
OT = 7
14
(ii) LT = 7 - 3 = 4
14 18 -4
BT = 15 - 7 = 8
6 14 8
BT = 2 LT and they share point T

2007
12. (a) (i) XR = r – 1q
3
(ii) YQ = q – 3 r
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7
(b) (i) OE = 1q - 1 mq + mr
3 3
(ii) OE = 3 r – 3 nr + nq
7 7
(c) OE = 1 q + m (r – 1)q
3 3
= 3 r + n (q – 3r)
7 7
1 – 1 m q + mr = nq + ( 3 - 3 n) r
3 3 77
1 - 1m = n
3 3
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M= 3 - 3 n
7 7
M=3 -3 1–1 m
7 73 3
M =3–1+1mm =1
7 7 7 3
N = 1 - 1x 1 = 2
3 3 3 9
13. |P|= √32 + (-1)2 + 1 1 2 = 3.5

2
Q= 2p
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Q = 6i – 2j + 3 k or 6i + 2j – 3 k
14. 19i – 5j
15. KL – 3NM = 3u
KL = KN – NM
3i = w + u + v
2u = w + v
16. (a) 4j – j + 7k
(b) √66 = 8.124
17. (-9.5, -4)
18. (a) b – a- 2/3 b
(b) (i) k (a – 2/3 b)
(ii) k = 2, m = 1
19. (a) (i) AC = a + b
(ii) AC = a – 2/3 b
(b) 2/3a – 8/9b = 2/3 (a-4/3b)
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(c) k = 8, h = 22
PX: RX = 1:7
20. I + j + k
21. P = 19.7
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TOPIC 11
BINOMIAL EXPRESSION
1. 146 x 15 + 15x + 20x + 6x + x
1 + 6(0.03) + 15 (0.03) + 20(0.03)
= 1 + 0.18 + 0. 135 + 0.0054
= 1.19404
= 1.194
2. 10(0.96) = (1-0.04)
= 1 + 5 (-0.04) + 10 (-0.04) + 10(-0.04)
= 1 – 0.2 + 0.016 – 0.00064 + 0.0000128 + 0.000001024
= 0.81536
(0.8153728 or 8153726976)
3. (3x –y) 4 => (3x4 y0, (3x)3 y, (3x)3y, (3x)2y2
(3x)y3, (3x)0 y4
(3x-y)4 = 81x4 – 108x3 y + 54x2 y2 – 36xy3 + y4
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X = 2 and y = 0.2
(6 – 0.2)4 = 81(2)4 – 108(2)3 x 0.2 + 54(2)2 x 0.22
162 – 43.2 + 86.4
= 205 . 2
4. (a) C.d = 64800 – 60000 = 69600 – 64800 = 4800
A = 60000
Nth term = a + (n-1)d
= 60000 + (n-1) 4800
(b) Common ration = 64800 = 69984 = 1.08

60000 64800
Nth term = ar(n-1) where a = 60000

R = 1.08
= 60,000 (1.08)(n-1)
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(c) 7th term

Andi = 60000 + (7-1) 4800
= 88800
Amoit = ar(n-1) = 60000 ( 1.08)6
= 95213
Difference = 95213 – 888000
Kshs 64.13
5. Let 1 be a
√2
(2 + a) 5 + (2 –a) 5
(2 + a)5 = 25 + 5 (24a) + 10 (23 a2) + 10( 22 a3) + 5 (2a4) + a5
= 32 + 80a + 80a2 + 403 + 10a4 + a5
(2 + 1)5 = 32 + 80 + 40 + 20 + 5 + 1
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√2 √2 √2 √2 4√2
(2 – a)5 = 32 – 80a + 80a2 – 40a3 + 10a4 – a5

(2 – 1)5 = 32 – 80 - 40 - 20 + 5 - 1
√2 √2 √2 √2 4√2
5
2+1 + 2 - 1 5 = 32 + 32 + 40 + 40 + 5/2 + 5/2
√2 √2
= 149
6. (a) 1.15 1 x + 5.14 1x + 10.13 1x + 10.12
2 2 2
2
1x + 1.10 1x 5
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2 2
1 + 5/2 x + 5/2x2 + 5/4x3 + 5/16x4 + 1/32x5

5
(b) 1 1 =1+5 x1 5 x 1
20 2 10 2 100
1 11 or 1.275
40
7. (a) a6 – 6a5b + 15a4b2 – 20a3 b3 + 15a2 b4 – 6ab5 + b6
(b) 60.256
8. 32 + 80x + 80x2 + 40x3 = 34.47
9. (a) 1 + 5x + 10x2 + 10x3 + 5x4 + x5 = 0.8154
(b) 1.194
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10. 1-15x + 90x2 – 270x3 = 0.8587

11. (a) 1 + 5a + 10a2 + 10a3 + 5a4 + a5
(b) 0.9040
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TOPIC 12
PROBABILITY
1. (a) p( both alive) = 0.7 x 0.9 = 0.63
(b) p (neither alive ) = 0.3 x 0.1 = 0.03
(c) p ( one live) = ( 0.7 x 0.1) + (0.9 x 0.3) = 0.34
(d) p ( at least one alive)
= (0.7 x 0.01) + (0.9 x 0.3) + (0.7x 0.9)
= 0.7 + 0.27 + 0.63
= 0.97
2. (a) (i) P(B) = 8/15
(ii) P (G or) = 7/15

(b) (i) P (1st 2 pens picked are both green)
= 2/15 x ¼ = 1/ 105 or 2/210
(ii) P (only one of the 1st 2 pens picked is red)
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= 8/15 x 5/14 + (2/15 x 5/14) + 5/15 x 8/14) + 5/15 x 2/14)

= 40 + 10 + 40 + 10 = 16
15 x 4 21
3. (a) p(3 boys) = 1/22
(b) p (2 girls) =
5/12 x 7/11 x 6/10 x 7/12 x 5/11 x 6/10 x 7/10 x 6/12 x 5/10
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4. (a)
(b) p (orange) =( ½ x 2/3) + ( ½ x 6/11)

= 1/3 + 3/ 11
= 20/33
5. (a) (i) 18/40 x 2/3 = 3/10
(ii) (18/40 x 2/3) + (22/40 x 3/5) = 63/100
(b) 2/5 x 1/3 (18/40 x 22/39( + 2/5 x 1/3 ( 22/40 x 18/ 39)
= 22/325
6. P (GGB) = 7/15 x 6/14 x 8/13
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P( GBG) = 7/15 x 8/14 x 6/13

P ( BGG) = 8/15 x 7/14 x 6/13
P(2G + 1B) = (7/15 x 6/14 x 8/13) x 3)
= 24/65 = 0.3692
7. 5/100 x 540 = 27
80/100 x 180 = 144
P(sick) = 171/720 = 19/80
= 0.2375
8. (a)
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(b) (i) 0.2 x 0.3 x 0.15 = 0.009

(ii) 0.2 x 0.7 x 0.85 = 0.119
0.8 x 0.3 x 0.85 = 0.204
0.8 x 0.7 x 0.15 = 0.804
0.407
(iii) HHM 0.2 x 0.3 x 0.85 = 0.051
HMH 0.2 x 0.7 x 0.15 = 0.021
MHH 0.8 x 0.3 x 0.15 = 0.036
HHH 0.2 x 0.3 x 0.15 = 0.009
0.117
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9. (a) HHH, HHt, HTH, HTT

TTT,TTh, THT, THH
(i) p (at least two heads) = 4/8 or ½
(ii) p ( only one tail) = 3/8
(b) (i)
(ii)
(7/10 x 5/6 ) + (3/10 x 1/10)
35/60 + 3/100 = 46/75
(iii) 3/10 x 9/10 = 27/100
10. Ratio 4:2:1
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(a) (A wins) = 4/7

(b) P (either B or C wins)
= 2/7 + 1/7
= 3/7
11. 30/100 x 1.8 x 106 = 540,000
120,000 x 540,000
1,000,000 1800000
1
/50 pr 0.02 pr 2%
12.
13. (a) P(RR) = 4 x 2 = 8
6 5 30
P(YY) = 2/6 x 3/5 = 6/30
P ( same colour) = 8/30 + 6/30
= 7/15
(b) (i) P(RA RA) = 4/6 x 3/5 = 2/5
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P(RBRB) = 2/5 x ¼ =1/10 P (Both RED for A or B) = 2/5 +

1/10=½
(ii) P (all RED) = 2/5 x 1/10
= 1/25
14. (a) 3/14
(b) 41/56
15. (a) 1/22
(b) 2/144
16. 7/15
17. 24/65
18. 3/1024
19. 51/60
20. 20/33 or 260/429 or 780/1287
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TOPIC 13
COMPOUND PROPORTION AND MIXTURES
1. (4x 21) + (3 x 42) = 30
7
130 x 30 = 39
100
2. Cap of the tank
= 2.4 x 2.8 x 3 x 1000
= 20, 160 litres
Amount needed
= 20, 160 – 3,600
= 16,560 litres
Time = 16560
0.5 x 60 x 60 = 9 hrs 12 mins
3. (a) (i) Vol = 135 x 0.15 = 20.25m2
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(ii) Mass = 2500 x 20.25

= 50625 kg (50630)
= mass of cement = 50625 x 1/9
= 5625 kg( 5625. 56)
(b) Bags of cement = 5625
50
= 112. 5 or 113
(c) No of lories of sand 50625 x 4
7000 9
= 3.214 = 4 lories
4. (a) Mass of maize in A 5/8 x 72 = 45 kg
(b) Beans in A and B
8/17 x 170 = 80 kg
Maize in A and B
9/17 x 170 = 90 kg
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Beans in B = 80 – 45
= 53 kg
Maize in B = 90 – 45
= 45 kg
Ratio 53.45 Or 1.1778.:1
5. (a) B.P per kg = 40 x 65 + 60 x 27 .50

100
= Kshs 42.50
(b) (i) S.P = 85 x 120

100
Kshs 102 per packet
(ii) New S.P = 102 x 90/ 100

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Kshs 91.80
(iii) Total realized so far

(8 x 102) + (91.80 x 14)
= 816 + 1285. 20 = 2101. 20
Original total S.P = 102 x 50 = 5100
New price per packet
= 5100 – 2101 . 20
28
= 2998.80
28
Kshs 107.10
6. Cost of beans in mixture = 3/5 x 2100
Cost of maize in mixture = 2/5 x 1200
Cost of mixture per bag = 3/5 x 2100 + 2/5 x 1200
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7. (a) Volume = x. sec x length

= ½ x 25 ( 1 + 2.8) x 10
= 475 m3
(b) (i) ½ x 25 x 1.8 x 10
= 225m2
(ii) Taken time to fill the tank
9 x 475
225
= 19 hrs
Time taken to fill remaining part
= 19 – 9
= 10 hrs
8. (a) Initial volume of alcohol
= 60/ 100 x 80 = 48 lts
New volume of solution = (80 + x)_ lts
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48 = 40
80 + x 100
4800 = 3200 + 40x

40x = 1600
X = 40 lts
(b) New volume of solution
= 80 + 40 + 30 = 150 lts
48/150 x 100 = 32
% age of alcohol = 32%
(c) in lts
32% of 5 = 1.6 lts of alcohol
68% of 5 = 3.4 lts of water
In 2 lts 60% of 2 = 1.2 of alcohol
40% of 2 = 0.8 lts of water
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In final solution (7lts)

2.9 lts are alcohol
4.2 lts are water
Ratio of water to alcohol
= 4.2: 2.8 = 3: 2
Alternatively
(d) 5 lts W:A = 68:32 = 17:8
Water = 17/25 x 5 = 17/5
Alcohol = 8/25 x 5 = 8/5
In 2 lts water = 40/100 x 2 = 4/5
Alcohol = 60/100 x 2 = 6/5
Final solution
Water: Alcohol
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17/5 + 4/5: 8/5 + 6/5

21/5: 14/5
21: 14 = 3: 2
9. (a) (i) Fraction filled in hr (P & Q)
= 2/9 + 1/3 = 5/9
Time taken to fill tank 1 4/5 hr
(ii) Fraction filled in 1 hr (P, Q & R)
= 5/9 – ½ = 1/18
Time taken to fill tank = 18 hr
(b) (i) Fraction filled by 9.00 am
P – 2 x 1h = 2
9 9
1 1
Q- /3 x ¼ h = /12
P & Q – 2/9 + 1/12 = 11/36
(ii) Fraction to be filled = 25/36
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Time tank will fill up 0900 + 1230

= 2130j ( 9.30 pm)
10. 2 11/12 hrs
11. 10 days
12. 3.5/ 100 x 50 = 1.75
(a) (i) Total = 3.175 kg
(ii) 3. 969%
(b) A = 30kg
B= 20 kg
B  20kg
13. 3 ½ days
14. (a) OT = 12/7p + 3/7 r
QT = 3/7r - 9/7p
= 3/7 (r-3p)
(b) (i) QR = r – 3p
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QT = 3/7 QR
QT & QR are parallel and Q is a common point
Q, T and R lie on a straight line
(ii) QT : TR = 3:4
TOPIC 14
GRAPHICAL METHODS
1. (i) b – a = 35 ……. (i)
7b – 490a = 39 ……(ii)
A = 4.9 b = 40
(ii) S = 4.9t2 + 40t + 10
t 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
s 10 70.4 85.9 91.6 87.5 73.6 16.4 -
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26.4
(b) (i)Suitable scale
Plotting
Curve
(ii) Tangent at t = 5
Velocity = -9.0  0.5 m/s
0.70  0.1
2. (a) (i)
x 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
y -0.3 0.5 1.4 2.5 3.8 5.2
3
X 1.331 1.728 2.197 2.744 3.375 4.096
All values of x 3
All B1 for at least 4 or if all values are correct to 1 or 2 d.p
(b) (i) Linear scale used
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Line of best fit drawn 4 of this points correctly plotted

Plotting points
a=2
b = -3
(ii) y = 2x3 – 3
3. (a) Log P = n log r + log K
(b)
P 1.2 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.5 4.5
Log 0.08 0.18 0.30 0.40 0.54 0.64
P
R 1.58 2.25 3.39 4.74 7.86 11.5

Log 0.20 0.35 0.53 0.68 0.90 1.06
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r
Scale
Plotting
Line
Log k = 0.05
K = 2/3 = 0.6667
= 0.667  0.0200
4. Find midpoint (centre) = 5 + (-1) 5 + (-3)
2 2
4 2
(a) = ( /2, /2)
= (2, 1)
(b) Vector of (a, b) = (2, 1)
R=5 - 2 =3
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5 1 4
r = 32 + 42
= 5 units
(x – 2)2 + (y-1)2 = 55
X2- 4x + 4 + y2 – 2y + 1 = 25
X2 + y2 – 4x – 2y – 20 = 0
5. n2 – 3/2x + (-3/4)2 + y2 + y + (1/2)2 = -1/4 + 9/16 + ¼
= 9/16
X – (¾)2 + (y + ½)2 = 9/16
Radius = ¾
Centre ( ¾ , - ½)
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6. (a)
Log x -40 0.00 0.08 0.15 0.20
Log T 0.10 0.30 0.34 0.37 0.40
(b) (i) For all pts plotted
Apply () if at least B1 earned on table line of best fit drawn with at
least 4 pts plotted.
(ii) (a) a= log-1 0.3 = 2.000

B = grad = 0.4 - 0.1 or equivalent
0.0 – (0.4)
(c) Log T = b log x + log a
Log x = -0.3
0.5
X = 0.25
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(d) (ii) Alternative
M log T = b x log a
Log T = b/m log x + 1/m log a
Intercept = 1/m log a = 0.3

=>a = log-1 0.3 m
Grad = b/m = 0.4 – 0.1

0.1- (0.4)
B = 0.5 m
(e) mlog T = n log x + log a
0 = 0.5m log x + 0.3m
Log x = -0.3m
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0.5m
X = 0.25
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FORM 4
TOPIC 1
MATRICES AND TRANSFORMATIONS
1. (a) ∆ = -3
P-1 = 1/3 8 -7
-5 4
(b) (i) 8 14 b = 47600

10 16 m 57400
-8 7 -8 7
(ii) /3 /3 8 14 b = /3 /3 47600
5 -4 5 -4
/3 /3 10 16 m /3 /3 57400
2b = 7000
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2m 2800
Beans Kshs 3500

Maize 1400
(c) New price of beans = 105/100 x 3500 x 5

Balance for maize = 47600 – 29400
= 18200
Bags of maize = 18200 = 13
1400
New ratio = 8: 13
2. A B C A’ B’ C’
0 1 2 4 1 = 1 1 6
-1 0 1 1 6 -2 -4 -1
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3. (a) (i) Diagram

(ii) A” (1, 2) B (7, -2) C”(5, -4) D”(3, -4)
(b) A” (-1, 2) B” (-7, -2) C”(-5, -4) D”(-3, 4)
(c) Half turn

Centre (0,0)
4. (a) (i) a b 2 5 = -4 -1
c d 3 3 3 3
2a + 3b = 4 2c + 3d = 3
5a + 3b = -1 5c + 3d = 3
A = 1, b = -2 c = 0, d = 1
Therefore M = 1 -2
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0 1
(ii) 1 -2 4 x = 2
0 11 y 1
C1 = 2,1
(b) 0 1 1 -2 = 0 1
1 0 0 1 1 -2
5. (a) PR = 0 -1 a b = -c -d
-1 0 c d -1 -b
-c -d 2 2 4 = 0 -4 -4
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-a -b 0 4 4 -2 -10 -12
-2c = 0 =>c = 0
0 – 4d = -4 => d =1
-2a = -2 => a = 1
-2a – 4b = -10 => b = 2
R 1 2
0 1
A BC A’ B C
(b) 1 2 2 2 4 2 10 12
01 0 4 4 0 4 4
(c) A sheer transformation

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X – axis invariant and j(0, 1) → j (2, 1)

6. (a) (i) Graph
(ii) 1 0
3 1
(b) (i) Graph
7. (a) A = 15/17 8/17
8
/17 15/17
(b) θ = 280 4’ ( 28.070)

(c) (-3/17, 114/17)
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TOPIC 2
STATISTICS
1. 7.5 x 5/8 X 4
2.
Vel 19.5 39.5 59.5 79.5 99.5 119.5 139.5 159.5 179.5
Cf 9 28 50 68 81 92 97 99 100
(a) Cumulative frequency
Linear scale
Plotting
Smoothing & complete of CF curve
(b) (i) Upper quartile = 90
Lower quartile = 36
Range = 90 – 36 = 54
(ii) No. of days = 100 – 93 = 7
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3. 25, 289, 4, 484, 4 806
J= 806
5
= 161.2
= 12.7
4.
Mdx F fx Fx3
9 4 36 324
12 7 84 1008
15 11 165 2475
18 15 270 4860
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21 8 168 3528
24 5 120 2880
 fx = 15075
843
Fx: 36, 84 165, 270, 168, 120
(a) Mean = 843
50
= 16: 86
(b) (i) fx 2: 324, 1008, 2475, 4860, 3528, 2880
Variance = 15075 – 16.86
50
= 301.5 – 284.2
17.3 (17.24)
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(ii) S.D = 17: 3

= 4.159 or (4.159 or (4.152)
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5.
Class 14.5 18.5 22.5 26.5 30.5 34.5 38.5
– – – – – – –
18.5 22.5 26.5 30.5 34.5 38.5 42.5
Frequency 2 3 10 14 13 6 2
C. freq 2 5 15 29 42 48 50
Cumulative frequencies
(a) Linear scale used
Plotting of cf against upper class limit
Complete of cf curve drawn
(b) (i) Median = 29.5
(ii) Reading at mass 25 – 28 = 11 and 20
Probability = 20. 11 = 0.8
50
6. 3 x 125 + 4 x 164 + 2 x 140
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3+4+2
= 1311
9 = 1452/3
7. No of people = 360 x 1080
144
No of children = 2700 – (510 + 1080)
= 1110
Angle of children 1110 x 360
2700
= 1480
8. (a)
X 1.0 – 2.0 – 5.0- 1.0- 5.0- 6.0-
1.9 2.9 3.9 1.9 5.9 6.9
F 6 11 10 7 2 1
d 6 20 30 37 39 40
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Lower quartile = 1.95 + 1x 4/14 = 2.236 (2.24)

Upper quartile = 2.95 + 1 x 10/10 = 3.95
Inter quartile range = 3.95 – 2.236 = 1.714
(b) x f dx –a fd fd2
1.45 6 -2 -12 24
2.45 14 -1 -14 14
3.45 10 0 0 0
4.45 7 1 7 7
5.45 2 2 4 8
6.45 1 3 3 9
-12 62
Sd = 62 – (-12)2 = 1.55- 0.09

40 40
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= 1.46
= 1.208
9. (a)
Mass (g) 25 - 35 - 45 - 55 - 65 - 75 - 85 -
34 44 54 64 74 84 94
No. of 3 6 16 12 8 4 1
potatoes
Cf 3 9 25 37 45 49 50
Upper 34.5 44.5 54.5 64.5 74.5 84.5 94.5
class
boundaries
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(b) (i) Position of 60th percentile = 60 x 50

100
Mass of 30 potato = 58.5g
th
60th percentile mass = 58.5g

(ii) No. of potatoes with mass of 53g or less = 28
No of potatoes with mass of 68g of less = 40
No. of potatoes with mass of 53 to 68g = 40 – 28 = 12
age of potatoes with mass 53g to 68g
= 12 x 100 = 24%
50
10. Area = A = 5 x 3.2
B= 10 x 1.2
16: 12 = f:6
12f = 96
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F=8
11. (a) (i)
Marks 0- 10- 30- 60- 70-
10 30 60 70 100
Frequency
Area of 60 200 40 120
rect
Height of 6 10 4 4
rect
(ii)
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Histogram
(b) (i) Median in group 30-60
(ii) 60 + 200 + 6x
= ½ (60 + 200 + 180 + 40 + 120)
260+ 6x = 300
X = 6 2/3
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Median = 30 + 6 2/3
= 36 2/3
12. (a) 3rd day = 60
4th day = 61
(b) M3 = 61
M5 = 64
13. (a) Ans 16, 8, 6
(b) (i) 17.3
(ii) 4.159
14. M1 = 50.99
M2= 50.29
M3 = 50.65
15. (a) Graph

(b) (i) 29.5
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(ii) 0.8
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TOPIC 3
LOCI
1. <ABC = 1050 or <BAD = 750
Complete// gram constructed
Const. of loci: AP 4 cm
BQ  6 cm
Area// gram = 7 x 10 sin 1050
= 7 x 10 x 0.9659
= 67.61 cm2
Total area of sectors
75 x 22 x 42 + 105 x 22 x 62
360 7 360 7
= 10.48 + 33 = 43.48
Required area = 67.61 – 43.48 = 24.13
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2. (a) Bisecting < BAD

(b) Construction of 1 at B and at A construction of 450 or 1350 to get 67
½ 0 at B construction of 1 Bisector of AB identification of AB
identification of  the centre O. Identification of the locus P
(c) Size of the <ABC = 131  10
3. (a) Construction of 300
Check for construction marks
(b) CD = 5.4 cm or 5.4  0.1
(c) DA = 4.5 or AA’ = 1.5
(d) Line through parallel to BC
4.
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5. (a) Construction of 300

Completion of ∆ PQR
(b) ⊥ Bisector of PR (must be seen)
Location of S, QS = 8 cm and drawing ∆ PRS
(c) Construction of semi- circle with diameter SQ, Construction of
parallel line to QS through R location of T1 and T2
6.
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7.
8.
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9. (a) Diagram
(b) (i) 73  1km
(ii) 1020 + 10 or 5780 E + 10
10.
11. (a) Const of ⊥ bisector of AB

(b) Const of ⊥ bisector of AC or BC
< OAB = 120 ⊥ 10 or < OBA = 120  10
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Position of P on XY and AB
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TOPIC 4
TRIGONOMETRY
1. (a)
X 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Sin 0 0.500 0.8660 1.000 0.866 0.500 0.000 0.500 - - - - 0.000
3x 866 100 0.866 0.500
2 0 1.00 1.73 2.00 1.73 1.00 0.000 -1.00 -73 - -1.73 -1.00 0.00
sin 2.00
3x
(b) Diagram on graph
(i) Suitable linear scale
Plotting
Smooth sine curve
(ii) x = 760  10
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X = 1040  10
2. (a)
X 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360

Cos 0.87 0 - - - 0 0.5 0.87 1.0
X 0.5 1.0 0.5
2 1.73 1.41 1.0 0 0.52 1.41 1.7 1.93
cos
½
X
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3.
X 0 30 45 60 90 120 135 150 180 225 270 315 360
2 0 1 1.4 1.7 2 1.7 1.4 1 0 - -2 -1.4 0 (b)
sin 1.4
x Sc
Cos 1 0.9 0.7 0.5 0 - - - -1 - 0 0.7 1 ale
X 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.7 us
Y 1 1.9 2.1 2.2 2 1.2 0.1 0.1 -1 - -2 -0.7 1 ed
2.1
Pl
otting
Smooth curve
(c) 1400  30 < 140  30
4. (a)
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X 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Tan X 0 0.8 0.36 0.58 0.84 1.19 1.73 2.75 5 (a)
2x + 30 30 50 70 90 10 130 150 170
Sin (2x + 0.50 0.77 0.94 1 0.94 0.77 0.50 0.17
30)
X0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180
2 sin 0 1 1.73 2 17.3 1 0
0
x
1 cos 0 0.13 0.5 1 1.5 1.87 0
0
x
(b) Graph
(c) (i) 1260
(ii) 00  x  1260
6 (a)
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X 300 1050
Y 1.7 -2.4
(b)
(c) (i) Maximum y = 4.1  0.1
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(ii)8sin 2x – 6 cos x = 2
X = 31.5  0.750
X = 78  0.750
7. x = 00, 1800, 3600
8. x = 00. 1800
9. 131, 790, 228.210
10. 3 tan θ or 3 sec θ tan θ
Cos θ
11. Sin d = -4/5 or – 0.8
3rd quadrant 180 + 53.15 = 233.130
4th quadrant 360 – 53.15 = 306. 87
12. Sin (90 x – x) = 8/10 = 4/5
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Tan x = ¾
13. (a)
X 20 40 80 120 140 160 180
-3cos 2x0 - - 2.82 1.50 0.52 - -
2.30 0.52 2.30 3.00
1.73 2 1.00 - -1 -200 -
2b sin (3/2x0 1.00 1.73
+ 300
(b) Roots x = 62  20
X = 156  20
14. 131.790, 228.210
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15. (a)
X 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360
Cos 0.87 0 - - - 0 0.5 0.87 1.0
X 0.5 1.0 0.5
2 1.73 1.41 1.0 0 0.52 1.41 1.73 1.93 1.0
cos
(b) ½
X
Per
iod = 7200
Amplitude = 2
(c) Enlargement of 2 about the centre
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TOPIC 5
THREE DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY
1. (a) (i) OA = ( 32 + 42 ) ½
= 2.5
VA = 62 + 2.52
= 42.25
= 6.5 cm
(ii)
1.5
(b) tan  = 3 = 1.333
2¼
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= 530 7’
θ = 750 58’ – 5307’
= 220 51’
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2.
3. (a) FH2 = 4.52 + 82 = 20.25 + 64

FH2 = 84.25
FC2 = 84.25 + 36 = 120.25
FC = 120.25 = 10.97 cm
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(b) (i)
θ = 33.160
(ii) Tan θ = 4.5 = 0.5625

8
θ = 29.36
(c)
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= 36.870
4. (a) Sketch
(b) θ = 610 53 ( 61.880)
5. (a) (i) BN = 8.65 cm
(ii) EN = 13 cm
(b) 33040’ (33.670)
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TOPIC 6
LATITUDES AND LONGITUDES
1. (a) (i) Lat of B = 43.750 (430, 45’)
(ii) r = 6370 cos 53750
Angle between B and C = 600
BC = 60 x 2 x 22 x 6370 cos 43.75
360 7
= 60 x 2 x 22 x 6370 x 0.7224
360 7
= 4820.816 km
(b) 60 x 4 = 4 hrs
60
Local time at C is 2100 hrs or 9.00 P.m
2. (a) Longitudinal difference = 70 – 10
(b) Distance between x and y
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60
(i) / 360 x 22/7 x 2 x 6371 x cos 45
1
/6 x 22/7 x 2 x 6371 x 0.7071
= 4718 km
(ii) 4919.45 = 2551.05 nm
1.85
(c) Time difference = 60 x 4 = 240 min
= 4 hrs
Local time at x = 6. p.m
3. (a) Angle change = 52 – 38.5
= 13.50
S = 2 x 22/7 x 6370 x 13.5/ 360
= 1501.5 km
θ
(b) /360 x 2 x 22/7 x 6370 cos 520
= 2400
θ = 2400 x 7 x 360
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2 x 22 x 6370 cos 520

= 35.050
C = (520 21 W)
4. (a) 60 x 60 = 3600 nm
(b) ө = 310 x 130 or 180
Distance from town A to town B
= 60 x 18 cos 30
= 60 x 18 x 0. 8667
= 935. 28 nm
Total distance = 935.28 + 3600
= 4535.28 nm
Total time = 4535. 28 + 0.25
200
22.6764 + 0.25
22.926 h
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Or 22 h 55.6 min
5. (a) Difference in time = 3 hrs
 Longitude difference = 3 x 150 = 450
Longitude of B = 150 + 450 = 600E
(b) (i) Distance traveled = 850 x 3 ½ km

= 2975 km
Arc AB = 2975
45/360 x 3142 x 2r = 2975
R = 3788 or 3787 or 3789
(ii) 6371 cos θ = 3788
Cos θ = 3788 = 0.594
6371
θ = 53.51
Latitude of the two towns is 53. 510N
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6. Longitude difference = 360 – ( 1330+ 1180 )= 1090

1090 x 60 cos x = 5422
Cos x = 0.8291
X = 33.990
Latitude of A and B is 340 N
7. (a) = 13 347 km
(b) 16.68 hrs
8. (i) = 7200 nm
(ii) = 9353 nm
9. (a) 250 km
(b) 1370 27’
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TOPIC 7:
LINEAR PROGRAMMING
1. (a) x  0 and y  0
X+Y 7
64x + 48y  384 (4x + 3y  24)
(b) x + y = 7 drawn
64x + 48y = 484 drawn
Shading
(c) No. of buses for minimum cost 3 type x and 4 type y or for x = 3 and
y=4
2. (a) x + y  500
Y>x
X  200
(b) x + y  500 drawn and shaded
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Y>x
X  200
(c) (i) No enrolled in technical = 249
No enrolled in business = 251
(ii) Max profit
249 x 2500 + 251 x 10000
= 873500
3. (a) x + y  400, x > y, x  300, y  80
(b) All 4 inequalities  y drawn and shaded.
(c) (i) x = 300 and y = 100
(ii) Max profit = 600 x 300 + 400 x 100
= 220,000
4. (a) x  0, y  0, x + y  6
25x + 50 y  175
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30x + 45y  180

(b) x 0
X+y6
25 x + 50y  175 Correctly drawn and shaded
30x + 45y  180
(c) Minimum cost at x = 5 and y = 1
Minimum cost = 5 x 20 + 1 x 50 = 150
5. (a) 300x + 180y 1800
5x + 3y  300
X + y  80
X > 0, y> 0
(b) 5x + 3y  300
X + y  80 Correctly drawn and shaded
(c) x = 30 y = 50
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Maximum profit in Kshs = 50 x 4000 + 30 x 6000

= 380, 000
6. 2x + 5y  40
5x + 8y 80
X 3
Y > 1/3 x
(0, 8) (10, 4) All region correctly drawn and shaded

(0, 10) (8, 5)
Search line with gradient -3/5 drawn

Type A = 9
Type B = 4
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TOPIC 8:
CALCULUS
1. Area = 2( 8 + 6.5 +5.6+6+6.4 + 4.7( x 25
= 2 x 37.2 x 25 x 100 or equivalent
186000 ha
2. Choose positive roots only
Integrate
Substitute numerals
Ans = 110. 38
Or
108 + 2 = 110
3. Missing values of y; 26, 138
Area = ½ x 2 (10 + 230) + 2(6+26+70+138)
= 240 + 480
= 720
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4. 3.55  0.05, 4.85  0.05, 5.7, 6.3, 6.7 & 6.9

Area = ½ x 1 {0 +7 + 2 (3.6 + 4.9 + 5.7 + 6.3 + 6.7 + 6.9)}
= ½ x 1 {7  68.2)
5. (a) x2 – 2x – 3 = 0 <=>(x-3) (x+ 1) =0
X = 3 or x -1
(b) (x2 – 2x -3) dx = x3/3 – x2 – 3x + c
(c) x3/3 – x2 – 3x 3/2 = 27/3 – 9 – 9 – 8/3 – 4 – 6
= 1 2/3
X3/3 – x2 – 3x 4
= 64
/3 – 16 – 12 - -27
/3 – 9 – 9
2 1/3
Sum of arcs = -1 2/3 + 2 1/3
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= 12/3 + 2 1/3
=4
6. (a)
X 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Y 3 5 9 15 23 33 45
(b) A = ½ x 1 x {(3 + 45) + 2 (5 + 9 + 15 + 23 + 33)}

= ½ (48 + 170
= 109 (109. 25)
-8
(c)
(x2 – 3x + 5)dx
2
= x3 – 3x2 + 5x
3 2
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83 – 3 x 82 + 5 x 8) – 23 – 3 x 22+ 5 x 2
3 2 3 2
= 108
(d) It would give an underestimate because the lines for the trapezia run
below the curve in the region
7. (x + 1) (x -2) = x3 – 2x2 + x -2
2
dy = 3x2 – 4x + 1
dx
When x = 2 dy = 5
Dx
Y=0
y- 0 = 5
x–2
y = 5x – 10
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8. (a) V = ds = 3t2 – 5t + 2
dt
a = dv = 6t – 5
dt
(b) 6t – 5 = 0
T = 5/6
V = 3 ( 5/6)2 – 5(5/6) + 2
= 25/12 – 25/ 6 + 2
= -1/12 ( 0.0833)
9. (a)  (2x + 3 x 2) dx = x2 + x3 + c
(b) Area below x – axis
[X2 + x3 ] = 0 – [ (-2/3)2 + (-2/3)3]
= 0 – (4/9 – 8/27)
= 4/27
Area above x – axis
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[x2 + x3] = [4 + 8] – 0 = 12
Total Area = 4/27 + 12

= 12 4/27
10. Distance = 5/12 {2.6 + 2(2.1 + 5.3 + 5.1 + 6.8 + 6.7+4.7)}
= 5/2 ( 2.6 + 6.14)
= 160m
11. (a) (2x2 – 5) dx = 2/3 x3 – 5x + c
Y = 2/3x3 – 5x + c
3 = 2/3 x 8 – 5 x 8 + c
C = 7 2/3 OR 23/3
Y = 2/3 x 3 – 5 x + 7 2/3
(b) (2t3 + t2 – 1) dt = 2/4 t4 + m1/3 3- t + c
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(2/4 t4 + t/33 – t + c)3 = (2/4 x 34 + 3/33 – 3) – (2/4 + 1/3 – 1)
= (8 ½ + 9 – 3) – ( ½ + 1/3 – 1)
= 46 ½ - (-1/6)
= 46 2/3
12. (i) dy = 6x2 + x + -4
dx
When x = 1
Dy = 6 + 1 – 1
Dx
=3
(ii) y + ½ = 3 (x -1)
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Y = 3x – 3 – ½
Y = 3x – 3 ½
13. (a) Gradient = -1
Y = -x + 7
(b) 7 – x = (x-1)2 + 4
X2 – x – 2 = 0
(x-2) (x+1) = 0
X = 2, x = -1
X = 2 when y = 5
X = -1 when y = 8
Coordinates of P, Q are P (-1, 8), Q (2, 5)
14. (a) a = 25 – at2
V = (a) dt
= (25 – at2) dt
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= 25t – at3/ 3 + c
V = 25t – 3t3 + C
When t = 0 V = 4ms-1
C = 4
V = 25t- 3t3 + 4
(b) When t = 2
V = 25 x 2 – 3 x 8 + 4
= 50 – 24 + 4
= 30m/s
15. (a) dy = x2 + 2x – 3
dx
(b) x2 + 2x – 3 = 0
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(x + 3) (x-1) = 0
X = -3 or x =1
When x = -3
Y = 11
When x -1
Y = 1/3
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16. (a)
X 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0
Y 2.00 1.96 1.83 1.60 1.20 0
17. (a) S = 53 – 5 (52) + 3 (5) + 4
= 125 – 125 + 15 + 4
= 19m
(b) V = ds
Dt
= 3t2 – 10t + 3
= 3(5)2 – 10( 5) + 3
= 75 – 50 + 3
= 28ms-1
(c) At rest V = 0
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3t2 – 10t + 3 = 0
(3t – 1) (t – 3) = 0
T = 1/3 seconds or t = 3 seconds
(d) a = dv
Dt
= 6t – 10
= 6(2) -10
= 2 ms-2
18 (a) P (1, 3), (4, -12)
(b) (i) 102/3 sq units
(ii) 13 1/3 Sq. units
19. dy = 3ax2 + b
dx
3a + b = -5
A+b=1
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A = -3
B=4
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20.
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(a) Curve y1 y drawn

Curve y2 y drawn
(b) (i) Area below upper curve
1x1x 12 + 2 (4 + 5.7 + 6.9 + 8 + 9
2 + 9.8 + 10.6 + 11.3
1 (12 + 130.6) = 71.3

2
Area below lower curve
1x1 12 + 2 (0.2 + 0.6 + 1.3 +)

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2 24 + 3.7 + 5.3 + 7.3 + 9.5
= ½ (12 + 60.6) = 36.3

Area in dispute = 71.3 – 36.3 = 35
(ii) Area in hectares = 35 x 400 = 1.4

10000
2
21. (a) (i) y = 2x + x + c
2
At x = -4, y= 6
6 = (-4)2 -4 + c
C = -6
Y = x2 + x -6
(ii) x2 + x -6 =0
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(x-2) (x + 3) = 0
X = 2 or x =3
2
-3 (x2 + x -6) dx) = x3 + x2 -6x 2
3 2 -3
= 8 + 4 – 12 - -27 + 9 + 18
3 2 3 2
- 7 1/3 – 13 ½ = - 20 5/6
Area = 20 5/6
22. S = 2t – t2 + c
2
When S = s, t = 2
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5 = 2 x 2 – 22 + c
2
C=3
Thus s = 2t ½ t2 + 3
23. 110.sq unit
24. Missing values of y 26, 138
Area = 720 sq units
25. (a) x = 3 or -1
(b) x3 – x2 – 3x + C
3
(c) 4 sq. units
26. y = 5x – 10
27. (a) a = 6t – 5
(b) -1/12 m/s
28. (a) x2 + x3 + C
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(b) 124/27 sq units

29. (a) Gradient = 4
(b) y = 4x – 1
30. (a) 4m/s
(b) (i) 4 22/27
(ii) 4 m/s2
31. (a) 3m/s2
(b) (i) t = 1 second or ½ second
(ii) S = - 1 7/θ m
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121/1 MATHEMATICS SAMPLE PAPER EXAMINATION

Section I (50 marks) Answer all the questions in this section
1. Simplify without using a calculator
31/3 - 22/3  15/9
3
/7 of 32/3 - 34/7 (3 marks)
2. Solve the following equation
1
/3(x +4) - 1/2 (2x - 4) = 2 (2marks)
3. The sum of angles of a triangle is given by the expression (2a + b) 0, while
that of a quadrilateral is given by (13a - b) 0. Calculate the values of a and
b. (3 marks)
4. A plot of land is represented on a map whose scale is 1:5000. On the map
the perimeter of the plot is 24.8 cm. Calculate in km, the- actual perimeter
of the plot.
(2 marks)
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5. A tourist changes 1500 Euros into Kenya shillings at Euro = Kshs. 76.05.
He spends Kshs. 79,389, then changes the remaining shillings back to Euro
at 77.05 shillings to the Euro. How many Euros does he receive? (2
marks)
6. Find all the integers satisfying the inequalities
3 - 2n < n - 3  4; (4 marks)
7. The length of a room is 4 metres longer than its width. Find the length of
the room if its area is 32 cm2. (3
marks)
8. The equation of a line is -3x/5 + 3y = 6
Find the
i) Gradient of the line
ii) Equation of a line passing through point (1, 2) perpendicular to the
given line. (3 marks)
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9. If one root of the equation 12x2 + 9x + B = 0 is ¾, find B. Hence find the

other root. (4 marks)
a+5
10. Solve for a if 3 x 2 = 768 (3 marks)
11. Point M (-3, 4) is the midpoint of point A and B. If the co-ordinates of A
are (-5, 1) find the co-ordinates of B. (3
marks)
12. The ratio of the cost of commodity X to that of commodity Y is 2:3 and the
ratio of the cost of Y to the cost of a commodity Z is 6:1. If the total cost of
the three commodities is sh. 1100, find the cost of X. Express the cost of Z
as a percentage of the cost of Y. (4
marks)
13. The length of an arc of a circle is 1/10 OF the circumference of the circle. If
the area of the circle is 13.86 cm2, find
a) The angle subtended by the arc at the centre of the circle. (2 marks)
b) The area of the sector enclosed by the arc (2 marks)
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14. A point x divides a line MN internally in the ratio 2:5. Given that M is (-4,
10) and N is (10, 3) find the co-ordinates of x. (3
marks)
15. John spends 2/3 of his salary on food 1/3 of the remainder on rent and saved
the rest. What fraction of his salary did he safe? If he spent sh. 1200 on
food, how much did he spend on rent? (4
marks)
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16. In the figure below, O is the centre of the circle. Angle BAG = 50° and
angle ABO = 20°. Determine the size of the angle
ACB. (3 marks)
SECTION II (50 MARKS)

Answer any FIVE questions from this section
17. Water flows from a cylindrical tank of diameter
140 cm through a circular opening of diameter 1.4 cm at rate of 75 cm per
second into a rectangular tank of base area 2.25m2.
a) Calculate the decrease in height of water level of the cylindrical tank
after one hour (5 marks)
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b) Calculate the increase in height of water level in the rectangular tank.

Give your answers in cm. (5 marks)
18. The distance between two towns A and B is 360 km. A minibus left A at
8.15 a.m and traveled towards B at an average speed of 90 km/hr. A matatu
left B at 10.35 a.m on the same day and traveled towards A at an average
speed of 110 km/hr.
a) i) How far from A did they meet? (4 marks)
ii) At what time did the two vehicles meet? (2 marks)
b) A motorist started from his home at 10.30 a.m on the same day and
traveled at an average speed of 100 km/hr. He arrived at B at the same
time as the minibus. Calculate the distance from B to his home. (4
marks)
19. In an English test, 41 students scored the following marks:
72 50 43 58 62 49 69 60 84 62 55
89 67 92 81 75 63 77 95 65 54 35
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45 73 41 56 50 36 49 58 61 85 54
38 64 76 86 51 43 72 37
a) Using a class width of 11 and 35-45 as the first class, make a
frequency table of the grouped data. (5
marks)
b) Estimate
i) The mean (2 marks)
ii) The median (3 marks)
20. A1B1C1D1 is the image of a trapezium ABCD whose vertices are A(1, 2),
B(7, 2), C(5, 4) and D(3, 4) under a rotation through 90° clockwise about
the origin.
a) i) Draw ABCD and A1B1C1D1 on the graph paper provided.(2
marks)
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ii)Draw the image A11B11C11D11 of A1B1C1D1 under a reflection in

the line Y = -x. State co-ordinates of A11B11C11D11 (3
marks)
b) A1IIB1II|C1IID111 is the image of AIIBIICIIDII under the reflection in line
x = 0. Draw the image A1IIB11IC11ID111 and state its co-ordinates. (3
marks)
c) Describe a single transformation that maps A1IIB1IIC11lD111 onto
ABCD.
(2marks)
21. In the figure below point O and P
are centres of intersecting circles
ABD and BCD respectively. Line ABE
is a tangent to circle BCD at B. Angle
BCD = 420
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a) Stating reasons, determine the sizes of

i) CBD (3 marks)
ii) Reflex BOD (3 marks)
b) Show that ∆ABD is isosceles. (4 marks)
22. Two business ladies, Jane and Janet contributed sh. 112,000 and sh.
128,000 respectively, to start a business. They agreed to share the profits as
follows: 40% to be shared equally.
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30% to be shared in the ratio of their contributions.

30% to be retained for the running of the business.
If their total profit for the year 2004 was sh. 86,400, calculate
i) The amount received by each. (7 marks)
ii) The amount retained for the running of the business. (3 marks)
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23. The figure below is a triangle pyramid with a rectangular base ABCD and
VO as the height. The vectors AD = a, AB = b and DV = c.
a) Express
i) AV in terms of a and
c. (2 marks)
ii) BV in terms of a, b
and c. (3 marks)
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b) M is a point OV such that OM: MV = 3:4. Express BM in terms of a,

b and c. (5 marks)
24. Using a ruler and compass only, construct an acute angled triangle ABC
such that ABC = 45°, BC = 9 cm and AC = 7 cm. (4
marks)
Locate a point X in triangle ABC such that X is equidistant from A, B and
C. (3 marks)
Measure AX, AB and AXC. (3 marks)
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ANSWERS TO MATHS SAMPLE PAPER

1. 31/3 – 22/3  15/9 = 10
/3 – 8/3 x 9/14
3
/7 of 32/3 – 34/7 3
/7 x 11/3 – 25/7
= 10
/3 – 12/7 = 34
/21 x -1/2
11
/7 – 25/7
= -17/21
1
2. /3(x-4)-1/2(2x-4) = 2
2(x - 4) - 3(2x - 4) = 2x6
2x + 8-6x + 12 = 12
-4x = -8
x=2
3.
2a + b = 180
13a – b = 360
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15a = 540
a = 36
72 + b = 180
b = 108
4. 1:5000
24.8 = 24.8 x 5000
= 124000 = 1.24 km
100,000
5. 1500 x 76.05 - 79389

77.05
114075 - 79389 = 450.10
6. 3-2n < n-3........... (i)

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n-3 ≤ 4 . ............. (ii)

(i) 6 < 3n
2<n
(ii) n < 7
2<n=7
{3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
7. x(x + 4) = 32
x2 + 4x = 32 = 0
x(x + 8) - 4(x + 8) = 0
(x + 8)(x-4) = 0
x = 4, x = 8
Length = 8 cm
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8. -3x + 3y = 6
5
3y = 3/5x 6 Grad = 1/5
y = 1/5 x 2
Point (1, 2) grad = -5
y = mx + c
2 = -5(1) + c
7=c
y =-5x + 7
9 12x2 + 9x + B = 0
12(3/4)2 + 9(3/4) + B = 0 → B=-27/2
48x2 + 36x - 54 = 0
8x2 + 6x - 9 = 0
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(2x + 3) (4x - 3) = 0
x = 3/ 4
x = -3/2 other root = -3/2
10. 3 x 2a + 5 = 768
2a + 5=256
2a + 5 = 28
a+5=8
a =3
11. B (-1, 7)
12. x: y = z
(2:3) (6: 1)
4:6:1 = 11 → 1100
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X = 4/11 x 1100 =400

y = 6/11 x 1100 =600
1
z = /11 x 1100 =100
100 x 100 =16.6%
600
13. (a) ∆ = 1/10 x 360 = 36°
(b) Sector area = 30 x 22 x 212 = 1.386
360 7
14. ox=(0,8)
15. Let total salary = x

Food = 2/3x
Remaining = 1/3x = 1/9x
Total used = 2/3x + 1/9x = 7/9x
Saved 2/9x
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x = 1200 x 3/2 = 1800

Rent =1/9 x 1800 = 200/=
16. AO = BO = CO
ABO = BAO = 20
OAC = 50 - 20 - 30°
AOB = 180 - (20 + 20) = 140
AOC = 180 - (30 + 30) = 120 B, both
BOG = 360 - (140 + 120) = 100
OBC = OCB = 180-100 = 40
2
ACB = ACO + OCB
= 30 + 40 = 70°
17. (a) Decrease =11. 5 cm2

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(b) Increase = 1.46 cm
18. (a) (i) Distance = 272 5 km

(ii) Time =11, 00 a.m
(b) Distance = 175 km
19. (i) Mean = 61.732

(ii) Median = 60.78
20. (a) (i)CBD = 90.42 = 48°

(ii)
Reflex BCD = 360 - 138 = 222°
Angle at a point add up to 360°
(b) BAD = BCD = 69°
ABC = BCD = 40°
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ADB = 180 - (69+ 42) = 69°

Hence ABD is isosceles.
21. (a) i) 25,920

ii) Jane = 29,376, Janet = 31,104
iii) Returned = 25,920
22 (a) i) Av = AD + Dv = a + c
ii) BV = BA +Av
=b+a+c
=a–b+c
(b) BM = 1/7 (5a - 5b + 3c)
23. AX = 5 cm+ 0.1
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BA = 9.4 + 0.1
AXC = 90°
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121/1
MATHEMATICS
Paper 1
Oct/Nov. 2008
2 ½ hours.
SECTION 1 (50 MAKS)
Answer all questions in this section.
1. Without using a calculator, evaluate -8+(-5)x(-8)-(-6)
-3+(-8)  2x4 (2mks)
2. Simplify 272/3 24
32-3/4 (3mks)
3. Simplify the expression a4 - b 4
a3 – ab2 (3mks)
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4. Mapesa traveled by train from Butere to Nairobi. The train left Butere on a
Sunday at 23 50 hours and traveled for 7 hours 15 minutes to reach Nakuru.
After a 45 minutes stop in Nakuru, the train took 5 hours 40 minutes to
reach Nairobi.
Find the time, in the 12 hours clock system and the day Mapesa arrived in
Nairobi. (2mks)
5. The figure below shows a net of a solid
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Below is a part of the sketch of the solid whose net is shown above.
Complete the sketch of the solid, showing the hidden edges with broken lines.
(3mks)
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6. A fuel dealer makes a profit of Kshs. 520 for every 1000 litres of petrol
sold and Ksh. 480 for every 1000 litres of diesel sold.
In a certain month the dealer sold twice as much diesel as petrol. If the
total fuel sold that month was 900,000 litres, find the dealer’s profit for the
month. (3mks)
7. A liquid spray of mass 384g is packed in a cylindrical container of internal

radius 3.2cm. Given that the density of the liquid is 0.6g/cm3, calculate to 2
decimal places the height of the liquid in the container.
(3mks)
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8. Line BC below is a side of a triangle ABC and also a side of a

parallelogram BCDE.
B C
Using a ruler and a pair of compasses only construct:

(i) The triangle ABC given that ABC = 1200 and AB= 6 cm
(1mk)
(ii) The parallelogram BCDE whose area is equal to that of the triangle
ABC and point E is on line AB (3mks)
9. A solid metal sphere of radius 4.2 cm was melted and the molten material
used to make a cube. Find to 3 significant figures the length of the side of
the cube.
(3mks)
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10. An angle 0f 1.8 radians at the centre of a circle subtends an area of length
23.4 cm
Find;
a) The radius of the circle (2mks)
b) The area of the sector enclosed by the arc and the radii. (2mks)
11. Three vertices of a rhombus ABCD are; A(-4,-3), B(1,-1) and c are
constants.
(2mks)
a) Draw the rhombus on the grid provided below. (2mks)
b) Find the equation of the line AD in the form y = mx + c, where and c
are constants. (2mks)
12. Two matrices A and B are such that A= k 4 1 2

and B =
3 2 3 4
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Given that the determinant of AB = 4, find the value of k.
13. A rectangular and two circular cut-outs of metal sheet of negligible

thickness are used to make a closed cylinder. The rectangular cut-out has a
height of 18 cm. Each circular cu-out has a radius of 5.2 cm. Calculate in
terms of , the surface area of the cylinder
(3mks)
14. Given that log 4=0.6021 and log 6=0.7782, without using mathematical
tables or a calculator, evaluate log 0.096.
(3mks)
15. The equation of line L1 is 2y-5x-8=0 and line L2 passes through the points
(-5, 0) and (5,-4). Without drawing the lines L1 and L2 show that the two
lines are perpendicular to each other.
(3mks)
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16 Solve the equation;

2 cos 2 =1 for 00   3600 (4mks)
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SECTION II (50 MKS)

Answer any five questions in this section.
17 a) The ratio of Juma’s and Akinyi’s earnings was 5:3 Juma’s earnings
rose
to Ksh 8400 after an increase of 12%.
Calculate the percentage increase in Akinyi’s earnings given that the
sum of their new earnings was Ksh. 14100. (6mks)
b) Juma and Akinyi contributed all the new earnings to buy maize at Ksh
1175 per bag. The maize was then sold at Ksh 1762.50 per bag. The
two shared all the money from the sales of the maize in the ratio of
their contributions.
Calculate the amount that Akinyi got. (4mks)
18. The figure below is a sketch of the curve whose equation is y=x 2+x+5.
It cuts the line y=11 at points P and Q.
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a) Find the area bounded by the curve =x2+x+5 and the line y=11 using
the trapezium rule with 5 strips. (5mks)
b) Calculate the difference in the area if the mid-ordinate rule with 5
ordinates was used instead of the trapezium rule. (5mks)
19 In the figure below AB=P, AD= q, DE= ½ AB and BC= 2/3 BD
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a) Find in terms of p arid q the vectors: (1mk)

(i) BD; (1mk)
(ii) BC; (1mk)
(iii) CD; (1mk)
(iv) AC. (2mks)
b) Given that AC=KCE, where k is a scalar, find
(i) The value of k (4mks)
(ii) The ratio in which C divides AE (1mk)
20. The diagram below represents two vertical watch-towers AB and CD on a

level ground. P and Q are two points on a straight road BD. The height of
the tower AB is 20m road a BD is 200m.
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20 M C
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a) A car moves from B towards D. At point P, the angle of depression of

the car from point A is 11.30. Calculate the distance BP to 4
significant figures. (2mks)
b) If the car takes 5 seconds to move from P to Q at an average speed of
36 km/h, calculate the angle of depression of Q from A to 2 decimal
places
(3mks)
c) Given that QC=50.9m, calculate;
(i) The height of CD in meters to 2 decimal places; (2mks)
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(ii)
The angle of elevation of A from C to the nearest degree.
(3mks)
21. The diagram below shows a triangle ABC with A (3, 4), B (1, 3) and C (2,
1).
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a) Draw A‘B’C’ the image of ABC under a rotation of +90 0+ about (0,
0).
(2mks)
b) Drawn  A“B” the image of A “B’C” under a reflection in the line
y=x.
(2mks)
c) Draw  A“B” C. the image under a rotation of -900 about (0, 0)
(2mks)
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d) Describe a single transformation that maps ABC onto

A’’’B”’C’’’
(2mks)
e) Write down the equations of the lines of symmetry of the quadrilateral
BB”A”’A’ (2mks)
22. The diagram below represents a conical vessel which stands vertically. The
which stands vertically,. The vessels contains water to a depth of 30cm.
The radius of the surface in the vessel is 21cm. (Take =22/7).
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a) Calculate the volume of the water in the vessels in cm3

b) When a metal sphere is completely submerged in the water, the level
of the water in the vessels rises by 6cm.
Calculate:
(i) The radius of the new water surface in the vessel; (2mrks)
(ii) The volume of the metal sphere in cm3 (3mks)
(iii) The radius of the sphere. (3mks)
23. A group of people planned to contribute equally towards a water project

which needed Ksh 200 000 to complete, However, 40 members of the
group without from the project.
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As a result, each of the remaining members were to contribute Ksh 2500.

a) Find the original number of members in the group.
(5mks)
b) Forty five percent of the value of the project was funded by
Constituency Development Fund (CDF). Calculate the amount of
contribution that would be made by each of the remaining members of
the group. (3mks)
c) Member’s contributions were in terms of labour provided and money
contributed. If the ratio of the value of labour to the money
contributed was 6:19; calculate the total amount of money contributed
by the members. (2mks)
24. The distance s metres from a fixed point O, covered by a particle after t
seconds is given by the equation;
S =t3 -6t2 + 9t + 5.
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a) Calculate the gradient to the curve at t=0.5 seconds

(3mks)
b) Determine the values of s at the maximum and minimum turning
points of the curve. (4mks)
3 2
c) On the space provided, sketch the curve of s= t -6t +9t + 5.
(3mks)
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121/2
MATHEMATICS
Paper 2
Oct/Nov 2008
2 ½ hours
SECTION I (50 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.
1. In this question, show all the steps in your calculations, giving the answer
each stage. Use logarithms correct to decimal places, to evaluate.
6.373 log 4.948
0.004636
(3mks)
2. Make h the subject of the formula (3mks)
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q = 1+rh
l-ht
3. Line AB given below is one side of triangle ABC. Using a ruler and a pair
of compasses only;
A B
Complete the triangle ABC such that BC=5cm and ABC=450

(i)
(ii)
On the same diagram construct a circle touching sides AC,BA
produced and BC produced.
3 8
4. The position vectors of points A and B are -1 and -6
respectively. -4 6
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A point P divides AB in AB it he ratio 2:3. Find the position Vector of

point P. (3mks)
5 The top of a table is a regular hexagon. Each side of the hexagon measures
50.0 cm. Find the maximum percentage error in calculating the perimeter of
the top of the table. (3mks)
6. A student at a certain college has a 60% chance of passing an examination

at the first attempt. Each time a student fails and repeats the examination
his chances of passing are increased by 15%
Calculate the probability that a student in the college passes an examination
at the second or at the third attempt.
(3mks)
7. An aero plane flies at an average speed of 500 knots due East from a point
p (53.40e) to another point Q. It takes 2 ¼ hours to reach point Q.
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Calculate:
(i) The distance in nautical miles it traveled; (1mk)
(ii) The longitude of point Q to 2 decimal places (2mks)
8. a) Expand and simplify the expression
5
10 + 2/x (2mks)
b) Use the expansion in (a) above to find the value of 145 (2mks)
9. In the figure below, angles BAC and ADC are equal. Angle ACD is a right
angle. The ratio of the sides AC: BC =4: 3
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Given that the area of triangle ABC is 24cm2. Find the triangle ACD
(3mks)
10. Points A(2,2)and B(4,3) are mapped onto A’(2,8) and b’ (4,15) respectively
by a transformation T. Find the matrix of T. (4mks)
11. The equation of a circle is given by 4x2 + 4y2- 8x + 20y – 7 = 0.

Determine the coordinates of the centre of the circle. (3mks)
12. Solve for y in the equation log10 (3y +2)-1=log10 (y - 4) (3mks)
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13. Without using a calculator or mathematical tables, express

3 in surd form and simplify
0
1-cos 30 (3mks)
14. The figure below represents a triangular prism. The faces ABCD, ADEF
and CBFE are rectangles.
AB=8cm, BC=14cm, BF=7cm and AF=7cm.
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Calculate the angle between faces BCEF and ABCD. (3mks)

15. A particle moves in a straight line from a fixed point. Its velocity Vms-1
after t seconds is given by V=9t2 – 4t +1
Calculate the distance traveled by the particle during the third second.
(3mks)
16. Find in radians, the values of x in the interval 00 x  2c for which 2 cos 2x
– sin x = 1. (Leave the answers in terms of )
(4mks)
SECTION II (50MKS)
Answer any five questions in this section.
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17. a) A trader deals in two types of rice; type A and with 50 bags of type B.
If
he sells the mixture at a profit of 20%, calculate the selling price of
one bag of the mixture. (4mks)
b) The trader now mixes type A with type B in the ratio x: y
respectively. If the cost of the mixture is Ksh 383.50 per bag, find the
ratio x: y. (4mks)
c) The trader mixes one bag of the mixture in part (a) with one bag of
the mixture in part (b). Calculate the ratio of type A rice to type B rice
in this mixture. (2mks)
18. Three variables p, q and r are such that p varies directly as q and inversely
as the square of r.
(a) When p=9, q12 and r = 2.
Find p when q= 15 and r =5 (4mks)
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(b) Express q in terms of p and r. (1mks)

(c) If p is increased by 10% and r is decreased by 10%, find;
(i) A simplified expression for the change in q in terms of p and r
(3mks)
(ii) The percentage change in q. (2mks)
19. a) complete the table below, giving the values correct to 2 decimal
places.
x0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360

Sin 2x 0 0.87 - 0 0.87 0.87 0
0.87
3cosx- 1 0.60 -2 -3.5 - - 1
2 4.60 0.5
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b) On the grid provided, draw the graphs of y =sin 2x and y=3cos x - 2

for
00  x  3600 on the same axes. Use a scale of 1 cm to represent 30 0
on the x-axis and 2cm to represent 1 unit on the y-axis.
c) Use the graph in (b) above to solve the equation 3 Cos x – sin 2x = 2.
(2mks)
d) State the amplitude of y=3cosx-2. (1mk)
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20. In the figure below DA is a diameter of the circle ABCD centre O, radius
10cm. TCS is a tangent to the circle at C, AB=BC and angle DAC= 38 0
a) Find the size of the angle;

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(i) ACS; (2mks)

(ii) BCA (2mks)
b) Calculate the length of:
(i) AC (2mks)
(ii) AB (4mks)
21. Two policemen were together at a road junction. Each had a walkie talkie.
The maximum distance at which one could communicate with the other
was 2.5 km.
One of the policemen walked due East at 3.2 km/h while the other walked
due North at 2.4 km/h the policeman who headed East traveled for x km
while the one who headed North traveled for y km before they were unable
to communicate.
(a) Draw a sketch to represent the relative positions of the policemen.
(1mk)
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(b) (i) From the information above form two simultaneous

equations in x
and y. (2mks)
(ii) Find the values of x and y (5mks)
(iii) Calculate the time taken before the policemen were able to
communicate (2mks)
22. The table below shows the distribution of marks scored by 60 pupils in a
test.
Marks 11- 21- 31- 41- 51- 61- 71- 81-

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Frequency 2 5 6 10 14 11 9 3
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a) On the grid provided, draw an ogive that represents the above

information
(4mks)
Use the graph to estimate the interquartile range of this information.
(3mks)
b) In order to pass the test, a pupil had to score more than 48 marks.
Calculate the percentage of pupils who passed the test. (3mks)
23. Halima deposited Ksh. 109375 in a financial institution which paid simple
interest at the rate of 8% p.a. At the end of 2 years, she withdrew all the
money. She then invested the money in share. The value of the shares
depreciated at 4% p.a. during the first year of investment. In the next 3
years, the value of the shares appreciated at the rate of 6% every four
months
a) Calculate the amount Halima invested in shares. (3mks)
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b) Calculate the value of Halima’s shares.

(i) At the end of the first year; (2mks)
(ii) At the end of the fourth year, to the nearest shilling. (3mks)
c) Calculate Halima‘s gain from the share as a percentage. (2mks)
24. The table below shows values of x and some values of y for the curve
y = x +3+3x2+-4x-12 in the range -4  x  2.
a) Complete the table by filling in the missing values of y.
X -4 - -3 - -2 - -1 - 0 0.5 1 1.5 2.0

3.5 2.5 1.5 0.5
Y - - - - - -
4.1 1.1 9.4 9.0 13.1 7.9
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b) On the grid provided, draw the graph y=x3 + 3x2+ -4x – 12 for -4 x
2.
Use the scale. Horizontal axis 2cm for 1 unit and vertical axis 2cm for
5 units. (3mks)
c) By drawing a suitable straight line, on the same grid as(b) above,
solve the equation: x3 + 3x2 - 5x -6 = 0
(5mks)
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2008 KCSE MATHEMATICS

ANSWERS
PI 121/1 ANSWERS
SOLUTION '
1. -8+(-5)x(-8H-6) = - 8+40+5
-3+(-8)2X4 -3+"4X4
= 38
-19
=-2
2. (33)273  24 = 32  24
(25)-3/5 2-3
32
24X2-3
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= 9/2 =4 ½
OR 4.5
3. a4-b4 = (a2+b2) (a2-b2)

a3-ab2 a(a2-b2)
=a2+b2 or a+b2
a a
4. 23.50 + (7h 15 min + 45 min + 5h 40 min).

= 1330 h.
=1.30 pm on Monday
5.
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2 Trapezoidal faces Bl
3 Rectangular faces Bl
Completion of sketch with hidden edges
dotted
6. Sales: Petrol -1/3 x 900 000
Diesel -2/3 x 900 000
Profit: 1/3 x 900000 x 520 + 2/3 x 900000 x 480
1000 1000
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=156000+288000,
=444000
7. Volume of liquid - 384
0.6
Height of liquid = 640
‫ ח‬x 3.22
= 19.89 2 dp
8. <120°constructed at B and completion of ∆ Draping ⊥ar from A to CB

produced
Bisection of height to determination of point D and completion of
parallelogram BCDE.
4
9. Volume of sphere = /3 x 4.23
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Side of cube = 3V4/3  X 4.23

=6.77 3sf.
10. Radius of circle = 23.4

1.8
= 13 cm
Area of sector = 1.8xxl32
2
=152.1cm2
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Equation
of line AD
y - -3 = 5
x - -4 2
y=5x+7
2
12.
AB=
K 4
1 2
= k+12
2K+16
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3 2 3 4 3+6 6+8
K+12 2K+ 16
9 14
Det AB = (K+12) x l4 - (2K+16) x 9 = 4
14K+168-18K-144 = 4
-4K = -20
K=5
13. Area of Rectangular part = 2 x 5.2 x  x l8

= 187.2
Area of circular parts = 2 x 5.22 x 
= 54.08
= 241.28
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14. Log 0.096 = log (42 x 6 x l0-3)

=2(0.6021) +3.7782
=2.9824
(-1.0176)
15. 2y = 5x +8
y = 5/ 2 x 4
Gradient of L1 = 5/2
Gradient L2 0 - -4 = 4 or -2
-5 -5 -10 5
5 x -2 = -1
2 5
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:.L1 and L2 are perpendicular.
16. 2cos 2Ө = 1
Cos 2 Ө = ½
 2 Ө = 600
2Ө Ө
60° 30°
300° 150°
420° 210°
660° 330°
17. (a) Oumas earnings before increase:

112% → 8400
100% → 8400x100/112
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=7500
Akinyi's earnings before increase;
3
/5 x 7500
Increase in Akinyi's earnings
= 14100-8400-4500
=1200
% increase in Akinyi's earnings
=120/4500 x l00
= 26 2/3 = 26.67
(b) No. of bags bought
14100
/1175
= 12 bags
Profit = (1762.50 -1175) x l2
= 7050
Ratio 5700: 8400 = 19:28
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Profit for Akinyi : 7050 x 19/47 =2850

Total earning for Akinyi:
5700 + 2850 = 8550
18. (a) (i) BD = q - p

(ii) BC = 2/3(q - P)
(iii) CD = 1/3 (q - P)
(iv) AC =P + 2/3q - 2/3P
= 1/3q + 2/3p
(b) (i) CE = CD + DE
= 1/3q – 1/3p + ½ p
= 1/3q + 1/6p
AC = K (1/3q + 1/6p)
1
/3p + 2/3q = 1/3kq + 1/6kp
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/6k = 1/3 → x = 2
1
(ii) AC = 2CE
AC:CE = 2:1
19. (a) Trapezium Rule:

X -2 -1 0 1
y 7 5 5 7
Ac = ½ x 1 {(11+11) + 2(7+5+5+7) }
= ½ {22+48}
=35.
Ar = ll x 5 = 55
A = 55 -35
= 20 square units
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(b) Mid - ordinates

X -2.5 -1.5 -0.5 0.5 1.5
Y 8.7 5.7 4.7 5.7 8.7
5 5 5 5 5
AC = (8.75 + 5.75 + 4.75 + 5.75 + 8.75) x l
= 33.75
A = 55 -33.75
= 21.25
Difference = 21.25-20
= 1.25 sq units
20. (a) tan 11.3° = 20/x → x = 20

tan 11.3
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= 20 = 100.09022
0.1998197
≈100.1m
(b) PQ = 36 x 1000 x 5
60 x60
= 50m
BQ = 100.1 +50 = 150.1m
tanӨ = 20 = 0.1332445
150.1
Ө = 7.5896426
Ө= 7.59°
(c) (i) QD = 200-150.1 =49.9

CD = √50.92 – 49.92
= 10.03992
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≈10.04m
(ii) AX = 20 -10.04 = 9.96
TanӨ = 9.96 = 0.0498
200
21.
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∆A1B1C1 ly drawn
(a) ∆A B C ly drawn
11 11 11
(b) ∆A111B111C111 ly drawn

(c) Reflection is athe line y = -x
(d) X = -1.5
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Y=0
22. (a) 1 x 22 x 21 x 21 x 30
3 7
=13860
(b) (i) r/21 = 36/30
r = 36x21
30
= 25.2
(ii) 1/3 x 22/7 x 25.2 x 25.2 x 36
23950.08-13860
= 10090.08cm3
Can be 100.90
(iii) 4/3 x 22/7 x r3 = 10090.08
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r3= 10090.08 x 21
4 x 22
r = 3√2407.86
= 13.40 cm
23. (a) Let the original number be n.

Amount per member originally = 2000000
n
2000000 - 2000000 = 2500
N-40 n n
2000000n = (n-40) (2500n + 2000000)
2000000 = 2500n2 + 2000000n - 100000n - 80000000m l removal of
denor (n-200) (n+160) =0
n = 200
(b) New total contribution by members
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= 55 x 2000000
100
Contribution per member
= 55 x 2000000
100 160
=6875
(c) Actual cash contribution by members
= 55 x 2000000 x 19
100 25
=836000
24. (a) ds = 3t2-12t+9

dt
ds(0.5) = 3(0.5)2-12(0.5)+9
dt
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=3.75
(b) ds = 0 → 3t2-12t + 9=0

dt
t2-4t + 3 = 0
(t -3)(t -1) = 0
t = 3 or t = 1
When t = 3, s=33 – 6
x 32 + 9 x 3 + 5 = 5
When t = 1, s=13-6 x
1 +9x1+5=9
(c)
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ANSWERS MATHEMATICS PAPER 2 2008

1. No. Log
6.373 0.8043
0.6944 T.8416
0.6459
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√0.004636 -3.6661 2 --3.66670

2
- -
2.8331 2.8335
1.8128 1.8124
64.98 64.92
2. q - htq = 1+ rh
q - 1 = rh + htq
q - 1 = h (r + tq)
h=q–1
r + tq
3.
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4. AB = 8 3 5
-6 - -1 = -5
6 -4 10
OP =OA + AP
3 5
2
= -1 + /5 -5
-4 10
5
= -3
0
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5. 0.05 x 6 = 0.3
% error = 0.3 x 100%
50x6
= 0.1%
6.
P( passing in 2nd attempt)

= 0.4 x 0.69
P ( passing in 3rd attempt)
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= 0.4 x 0.31 x 0.7935

P passing in 2nd or 3rd attempt)
= 0.4 x 0.69 + 0.4 x 0.31 x 0.7935

0.374394
7. (i) Distance = 500 x 9/4 = 1125 nm
(ii) Ө x 60 cos 53.40 = 1125

Ө = 1125
60 cos 53.40
= 31.450
Longitude = 71. 450 (E) of Q
8. (10 + 2/x)5 = 105 + 5.104 (2/x) + 10.103 (2/x)2 + 10.102

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2 3 + 5.10 2 4+ 2 5
X x x
10000 + 100000 + 40000 + 8000 + 800 + 32

X x2 x2 x5 x5
(b) 145 = ( 10 + 2/ ½ )5
= 100000 + 100000 + 40000 + 8000 + 800 + 32

½ ( ½ )2 ( ½ )3 ( ½ )4 ( ½ )5
100000 + 200000 + 160000 + 64000 + 12800 + 1024

= 537824
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9. ∆ADC and ∆ BAC are similar

AC/BC = 4/3
Area scale factor = ( 4/3)2 = 16/9
Area of ∆ ADC = 16/9 x 24
= 42 2/3 cm2
10. Let T = a b
c d
a b 2 4 = 2 4
c d 2 3 8 15
2a + 2b = 2 2c + 2d = 8
4a + 3b = 4 4c + 3d = 15
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4a + 4b = 4 OR 4c + 4d = 16
4a + 3b = 4 4c + 3d = 15
B = 0, a = 1 d = 1, c = 3
T = 1 0
3 1
11. x2 + y2 + 5y = 7/4
X2—2x + 1 + y2 + 5y + 25/4 = 7/4 + 1 + 25/4
(x- 1)2 + (y + 5/2)2 = 9
Centre (1, -2 ½ )
12. Log (3y + 2) = log ( y- 4)

10
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3y + 2 = y -4
10
3y + 2 = 10 y – 40
Y=6
13. 3 = √3
1 – cos 30 1 -√3/2
0
= 2√3(2 + √3
= (2 - √3) (2+ √3)
= 2 √3 ( 2 + √3)
4-3
= 4 √3 + 6
14.
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Cos Ө = 4/7
Ө= 55. 15009540
= 55.150
15. Distance traveled = (9/3t3 – 4/2 t2 + t)3/2

= 3 x 33 – 2 x 32 + 3) – (3 x 23 – 2 x22 + 2)
= 66 – 18
=48m
16. 2(1 – Sin2 x) – sin x =1

2 sin2 x + sin x – 1 = 0
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2 sin2 x + 2 sin x – sin x – 1 = 0

(2 sin x – 1) (Sin x + 1) = 0
Sin x = ½ or sin x = -1
X = 1/6 πc , 5/6 πc, 3/2 πc
17. (a) CP = 400 x 30 + 350 x 50

= 29500
SP = 120 x 29500
100
= 35400
1 bag = 35400 ÷ 80
= Kshs 442. 50
(b) = 400 x + 350 y

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X+y
= 400 + 350 y = 383.50
X+y
400x + 350y = 383. 5 x + 383. 5 y

 16.5 x = 33.5y
X: y = 33.5 : 16.5
= 67:33
(c) 3 + 67 : 5 + 33 = 209; 191

8 100 8100
18. (a) P = kq
R2
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Q = k( 12)
22
K=3
P = 3 (15)
52
= 1.8 ( 1 4/5)
(b) q – pr2
3
(c) (i) q1 = 1.2p (0.9r)2

3
= 0.972 pr2
3
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∆q = 0.972 pr2 – pr2

3 3
= 0.028 pr2
3
(ii) % change = 0.028 pr 2/3 x 100%
Pr2
3
= -2.8%
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19.
x 300 600 900 1500 1800 2400 2700 3000 3300
Sin 2 0.87 0 0.87 0 - -
0.87 0.87
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3 cos 0.5 4.60 -5 -3.5 -2 0.60

x
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20. (a) (i) < ADC = 520 or <DCA

= 380 or < DCT = 380
<ACS = 520
(ii) <CBA = 1280

<BCA = 260
(b) (i) AC = 20 cos 38

= 15.76 cm
(ii) AB = 15.76
0
Sin 26 Sin 1280
AB = 15.76 sin 260
Sin 1280
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-15.7880. 4384
0.7880
= 8.768 cm
21. (a)
(b) (i) x2 + y2 = 2.52

Y = x
2.4 3.2
(ii) y=¾x
X2 + ( ¾ x)2 = 2.52
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16x2 + 9x2 = 6.25 x 16

X2 = 6.25 x 16
25
X = 2 km
Y = ¾ x 2 = 1.5 km
(iii) Time taken = 2 or 1.5

3.2 2.4
= 0.625 hrs
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22.
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23. (a) Interest = 109375 x 8 x 2

100
= 17500
Amount = 109375 + 17500
Kshs 126875
(b) (i) 1st year value = 96/ 100 x 126875

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= Kshs 121800
(ii) 4th year vale

= 121800 ( 1 + 6/100)9
= kshs 205779
C = 205779 – 126875 x 100%
126875
= 62.19%
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24.
x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
y -12 0 0 -6 -12 -12 0
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Y= x3 + 3x2 – 4x – 12
O = x3 + 3x2 – 5x – 6
Y= x-6
X = (-3.9, 0.9, 1.75)  0.05
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Kcse F1-F4 Maths Topicals & Marking Scheme

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FORM 1-4 KCSE TOPICALS & MARKING

(b) Simplify the expression

7. Evaluate without using mathematical table

(b) What is the total value of the second digit?

15. Evaluate 1/3 of (2 ¾ - 5 ½ ) x 36/7  9/4

16. Evaluate without using mathematical tables or the calculator

20. Without using mathematical tables, evaluate

21. Simplify 2/3 of 12 – (1 1/3 + 1 ¼ )

22. If x= 2, Find the value of x3 – 5x2 – 4x + 3

23. If X = ½ y= ¼ and z = 2/3 Find the value of

24. Find a and b if 3.168 = 3a/b

27. A farmer distributed his cabbages as follows

Hence find the exact value of 25572 - 25472

5. Given that y = 2x – z, express x in terms of y and z.

9. Factorize completely 28x2 + 3x -1

(ii) The percentage of fat in a mixture of 50kg of milk A and 30kg

9. Mogaka and Ondiso working together can do a piece of work in 6 days.

(a) Estimate the area of the enclosed region in square centimeters

Calculate the area of the octagon

Calculate the surface area of one piece

(a) Calculate the volume of the prism

10. Pieces of soap are packed in a cuboid container measuring 36 cm by

12. A company is to construct parking bay whose area is 135m2. It is to

15. Calculate the volume of a prism whose length is 25 cm and whose

Calculate the area of the octagon

17. The figure below represents a kite ABCD, AB = AD = 15 cm. the

Find the area of the kite

18. The figure below is a map of a forest drawn on a grid of 1 cm squares

3. A car dealer charges 5% commission for selling a car. He received a

6. A salesman gets a commission of 2. 4 % on sales up to Kshs 100,000. He

Use the exchange rtes below:

12. Two businessmen jointly bought a minibus which could ferry 25

money as intended. Later, he used the Kenyan shillings to buy sterling

15. In the month of January, an insurance salesman earned Kshs. 6750

1 sterling pound = 1.7 us dollar

(a)The distance and the bearing of T from K

3. Two aeroplanes, S and T leave airports A at the same time. S flies on a

(b) Use your diagram to determine

(i) The actual distance between the two aeroplanes

(ii) The bearing of T from S

(iii) The bearing of S from T

6. Shopping centers X, Y and Z are such that Y is 12 km south of X and Z is

7. An electric pylon is 30m high. A point S on the top of the pylon is

Find the area of the polygon.

a) Using a ruler and a pair of compasses, determine a point D on the line

Find the size of

(c) Determine the bearing of

18. A port B is no a bearing of 080 from a port A and at a distance of 95 km. A

Find the size of

a) Sketch the prism

Sketch and label the net of the solid.

Draw the net of the prism ( 3 marks)

(a) Draw a net of the pyramid ( 2 marks)

6. The figure below shows a solid regular tetrapack of sides 6 cm

(a) Draw a net of the solid

(a) Draw a net of the solid

8. (a) Sketch the net of the prism shown below

(b) Find the surface area of the solid