11 FORCE AND MOTION

11 Force and Motion

S ECTIONAL E XERCISE
11.1 Motion efer to Textbook
p.159–169
Sectional Exercise

A. True or false (4 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. The unit of speed is metre. F

2. If a car moves at a higher speed, its distance-time graph has a steeper slope. T

3. A car that moves downhill at an increasing speed is in uniform motion. F

4. The distance-time graph of an object in uniform motion is a straight line with

a slope. T
Integrated Exercise

B. Multiple-choice (4 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. Which of the following distance-time graphs (obtained with a motion sensor) represent(s) the
motion of a stationary object?
(1)  (2)  (3) 
distance distance distance
Spelling Corner

time time time

A. (1) only B. (2) only

C. (1) and (2) only D. (1) and (3) only C

2. Which of the following information can we obtain from the distance-time graph of an object?
(1) Distance travelled by the object
(2) Time taken for the object to travel
(3) Whether the object travels at a steady speed
A. (1) only B. (2) only
C. (1) and (2) only D. (1), (2) and (3) D

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 Force and Motion 11

3. Cars P and Q travel at steady speeds and the speed of P is higher than that of Q. Which of the
following distance-time graphs of P and Q is correct?
A.
distance B. distance
P Q

Q P

Sectional Exercise
time time

C.
distance D. distance
P Q

Q P

time time
C

Integrated Exercise
4. Which of the following is/are in uniform motion?
(1) Aeroplane that lands (2) Cable car that moves (3) People on a swing ride
on a runway along a straight line

Spelling Corner
A. (1) only B. (2) only
C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) B

C. Fill in the blanks (8 marks)

1. The (a) speed of an object is the distance travelled by the object per unit time. Its unit
is (b) metre per second ( m s−1 ) or (c) kilometre per hour ( km h−1 ).

2. A distance-time graph shows the distance an object travels at different times.

3. An object in (a) uniform motion moves at a constant speed in a fixed direction. An

object in (b) non-uniform motion moves at a changing speed or changing direction.

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 11 Force and Motion

D. Questions (14 marks)

1. David is using a drone to take some photos from the sky.
drone
(a) If the drone can travel 200 m in 1 min, what is its
average speed? (2 marks)
distance 200 m
Average speed = = (1m)
time 60 s

= 3.33 m s–1 (1m)

Sectional Exercise

(b) If the drone is 3 km from David, it will return to David’s location automatically.
Find the time the return flight takes. Assume that the drone’s average speed is equal to
the result in (a). (2 marks)
distance
Average speed =
time
distance 3000 m
Time = (1m) = = 901 s =15 min (1m)
average speed 3.33 m s–1

2. The distance-time graph of a toy ship is shown below.

distance (m)
Integrated Exercise

200
toy ship
150

100

50

0 time (s)
10 20 30

(a) What is the distance travelled by the ship at time = 5 s? (1 mark)

Spelling Corner

Distance travelled = 50 m (1m)

(b) Describe the motion of the ship from time = 0 to 30 s. (4 marks)

From time = 0 to 10 s, the ship (i) travels at a steady speed (1m) .

From (ii) time = 10 s to 20 s (1m) , the ship (iii) travels at a lower

steady speed (1m) . From (iv) time = 20 s to 30 s,

the ship is at rest (1m) .

(c) From time = 0 to 30 s, how long does the ship stay at rest? (1 mark)

Time of staying at rest = 30 s – 20 s = 10 s (1m)

drone  航拍機
automatically  自動地
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 Force and Motion 11

3. Amy is walking to a bus stop 180 m away at distance (m)

a constant speed. She reaches the bus stop at

time = 150 s. She then stays at rest for the next 200

100 s. Draw a distance-time graph on the right to 150

show her motion. (4 marks)
100

50
Correct axes (1m)

Sectional Exercise
Correct scales (1m) time (s)
0
Correct lines (2m) 50 100 150 200 250

Total Score :   / 30

11.2 Force efer to Textbook

p.170–183

A. True or false (3 marks)

Integrated Exercise
Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. We draw a longer arrow to represent a larger force. T

2. An object can exert a force on another object only when they are in contact. F

3. A spring balance can be used to measure pulling forces but not pushing forces. T

B. Multiple-choice (5 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

Spelling Corner
1. Which of the following diagrams correctly shows the hitting force acting on the baseball?
A. B.

C. D.

(Remind students the arrow should be drawn at the point where the force acts on the baseball.)

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 11 Force and Motion

2. A spring balance is used to measure a force. The reading on the spring balance is shown
below. What is the force?

A. 6.5 g B. 6.5 N
Sectional Exercise

C. 660 g D. 660 N B

3. Which of the following statements about force is INCORRECT?

A. It can change the speed of an object.
B. It can cause a moving object to change direction.
C. It can change the mass of an object.
D. It can stop a moving object. C

4. When balanced forces act on an object,

Integrated Exercise

(1) the object stays at rest if it is stationary.

(2) the object slows down if it is moving.
(3) the object moves at a steady speed if it is moving.
A. (2) only B. (3) only
C. (1) and (2) only D. (1) and (3) only D

5. The distance-time graph of a car moving on a straight road is shown below.

distance (m)
Spelling Corner

time (s)

Which of the following combinations about the forces acting on the car is correct?
During P During Q
A. Unbalanced Unbalanced
B. Balanced Unbalanced
C. Unbalanced Balanced
D. Balanced Balanced D

(The car is in uniform motion during P so the forces are balanced.)

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 Force and Motion 11

C. Fill in the blanks (7 marks)

1. A force can change the state of (a) motion of an object: It can change the
(b) speed or (c) direction of the motion.

2. A force can be measured using a (a) spring balance or a (b) force sensor

connected to a data-logger. The unit of force is (c) Newton ( N ).

Sectional Exercise
D. Questions (8 marks)
1. Abby is practising a standing split.

supporting force

Integrated Exercise
force of gravity

(2m)

(a) What forces act on Abby? (2 marks)

The force of gravity (1m)

The supporting force exerted by the ground (1m)

Spelling Corner
(b) Draw arrows to complete the free-body diagram of Abby on the right above. (2 marks)

(c) Are the forces acting on Abby contact or non-contact forces? (2 marks)

The force of gravity is a non-contact force. (1m)

The supporting force exerted by the ground is a contact force. (1m)

2. Three boys are exerting horizontal forces on a stationary

door, as shown on the right. Will the door start to move or 17 N
stay at rest? Explain briefly. (2 marks) 28 N
Since the forces applied by the boys are (a)unbalanced (1m),
13 N
the door will (b) start to move (1m) .

Total Score :   / 23

standing split  一字馬

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 11 Force and Motion

11.3 Gravity efer to Textbook

p.184–190

A. True or false (4 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. The force of gravity is a non-contact force. T

2. The magnitude of the force of gravity acting on an object does not depend on the
object’s mass. F
Sectional Exercise

3. The Moon exerts a smaller force of gravity on objects than the Earth does. T

4. The unit of weight is kg. F

B. Multiple-choice (3 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. On which of the following objects does the Earth exert the force of gravity?
(1) The Moon (2) A spacecraft in space (3) The air in a balloon
Integrated Exercise

A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) D
Spelling Corner

2. A spring balance is used to measure the weight of a

pencil bag. The reading on the spring balance is shown
on the right. What is the weight of the pencil bag?
A. 1.2 N
B. 1.2 g
C. 120 N
D. 120 g A

E 3. Which of the following objects has the greatest mass?

A. A 0.6 kg stone on Earth
B. A 0.8 kg stone on the Moon (The mass is 0.8 kg both on the Moon and on the Earth.)
C. A stone of weight 1 N on Earth (Mass = 1 / 9.8 kg = 0.10 kg)
D. A stone of weight 0.7 N on the Moon (Weight on Earth = 0.7 × 6 N = 4.2 N; B
Mass = 4.2 / 9.8 = 0.43 kg)

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 Force and Motion 11

C. Fill in the blanks (3 marks)

1. Any two objects attract each other with the force of gravity .

2. The (a) mass of an object measures the amount of matter the object contains.
The (b) weight of an object measures the force of gravity acting on it.

D. Questions (9 marks)

Sectional Exercise
1. Jason is playing long jump and his positions at different times are shown below. Draw arrows
to show the direction of the force of gravity acting on him at different times. (2 marks)

Integrated Exercise
Each answer (0.5m)
2. Dickson is playing freestyle football as shown below. The football’s mass is 0.4 kg.

Spelling Corner
E (a) What is the football’s weight on Earth? (2 marks)

Weight = 0.4 kg × 9.8 N kg–1 (1m) = 3.9 N (1m)

(b) What is the football’s weight and mass on the Moon? (3 marks)
3.9 N / 6 (1m) = 0.65 N (1m)
Weight:

Mass: 0.4 kg (1m)

(c) If Dickson plays the football on the Moon, how will the time that the football stays
aloft change? Explain briefly. (2 marks)
The football will stay aloft for (i) a longer time (1m) because (ii) the force of
gravity exerted on the football is smaller on the Moon (1m) .

Total Score :   / 19

aloft  在空中
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 11 Force and Motion

11.4 Friction and air resistance efer to Textbook

p.191–203

A. True or false (4 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. Friction is measured in newtons. T

2. Friction can act on a stationary object. T

3. Adding lubricants to contact surfaces can remove the friction between them. F
Sectional Exercise

(Friction can be reduced, but cannot be removed.)

4. Friction is sometimes useful. T

B. Fill in the blanks (6 marks)

1. Friction can be reduced by using (a) lubricants such as lubricating oil. It can also be
reduced by (b) separating the contact surfaces with an (c) air cushion .
Using (d) rollers or (e) ball bearings can also reduce friction.
Integrated Exercise

2. Air resistance can be reduced by designing an object in streamlined shapes .

C. Multiple-choice (4 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. In which of the following situations does friction exist?

(1) A skateboard moving (2) A cone resting on a (3) The mouse moving on
on the ground slope the desk
Spelling Corner

A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) D

2. Which of the following statements about air resistance is INCORRECT?

A. It acts on an object moving in air.
B. It points in the same direction as the moving object.
C. It can be measured in newtons.
D. It is sometimes useful. B

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 Force and Motion 11

3. Christina is pushing a coffee table and the coffee table starts to move. Which of the following
figures best shows the pushing force and the friction acting on the coffee table?
A. B.

pushing force pushing force

Sectional Exercise
friction friction

C. D.

pushing force pushing force

friction friction A

4. Which of the following situations make(s) use of friction?

(1) Holding a selfie stick (2) Picking up fishballs (3) Walking

Integrated Exercise
with a bamboo stick

selfie stick

A. (1) only B. (3) only

Spelling Corner
C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) D

D. Questions (11 marks)

1. The photo on the right shows a fidget spinner. Name
structure X in the fidget spinner and state its function.
(3 marks) inside

Structure X is (a) ball bearings (1m) . It is used to structure X

(b) reduce the friction (1m) in the fidget spinner

so that it (c) can spin smoothly (1m) . fidget spinner

fidget spinner  指尖陀螺

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 11 Force and Motion

2. In an experiment, a student is using a spring balance to pull a wooden block to move across
a bench at a steady speed, as shown below.
wooden block spring balance

pulling force N

6 5 4 3 2 1 0

friction Each answer (1m)

Sectional Exercise

bench

(a) In the figure above, draw arrows to show the pulling force and the friction acting on the
block. (2 marks)

(b) What is the friction acting on the block? (1 mark)

2.6 N (1m)

(c) The student is going to find out how the material of the block affects the friction
acting on it. He will use glass and plastic blocks to repeat the experiment. State TWO
controlled variables in the experiment. (2 marks)
Integrated Exercise

Contact surface area between the block and the bench (1m)

Weight of the block (1m) (Or any other reasonable answers)

3. Denis is gliding. The diagram below shows a resistive force P acting on him.

P
Spelling Corner

(a) Name the force P in the diagram. (1 mark)

Air resistance (1m)

(b) If Denis moves faster, how does force P change? (1 mark)

Increases (1m)

(c) State ONE way on how Denis can reduce force P acting on him. (1 mark)

He can keep a streamlined posture. (1m) / He can wear a streamlined helmet. (1m) (Or any other

reasonable answers)

Total Score :   / 25

gliding  滑翔
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 Force and Motion 11

11.5 Action and reaction efer to Textbook

p.204–211

A. True or false (3 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. Action and reaction act on the same object. F

2. Action and reaction must act in opposite directions. T

Sectional Exercise
3. We make use of an action-and-reaction pair to walk. T

B. Multiple-choice (3 marks)
Choose the correct answer for each question.

Directions: Questions 1 and 2 refer to the following description.

In the photo below, Winnie is paddling a boat. Some forces are shown in the photo.

Integrated Exercise
paddle
buoyant force

force exerted water resistance

on water weight

Spelling Corner
1. Which of the following forces form an action-and-reaction pair with the force exerted on the
water by the paddle?
A. Buoyant force acting on the boat by the water
B. Force exerted on the paddle by the water
C. Weight of Winnie (and the boat)
D. Water resistance acting on the boat by the water B

2. The weight of Winnie (and the boat) and the buoyant force
A. are an action-and-reaction pair because they are in opposite direction.
B. are an action-and-reaction pair because they are equal in magnitude.
C. are not an action-and-reaction pair because they both act on the boat.
D. are not an action-and-reaction pair because weight is not a force. C
(Remind students not to base on the directions of two forces only (i.e. whether the directions
are opposite) to determine if the forces are an action-and-reaction pair.)

buoyant force  浮力
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 11 Force and Motion

3. A hammer is used to hit an iron nail. If the force exerted

by the hammer on the nail is 50 N, the force exerted by hammer

the nail on the hammer can be

(1) 40 N.
(2) 50 N.
(3) 60 N. nail

A. (1) only B. (2) only

C. (1) and (2) only D. (2) and (3) only B
Sectional Exercise

C. Fill in the blanks (4 marks)

1. Forces occur in pairs. The pair of forces are called (a) action and
(b) reaction .

2. Action and reaction are (a) opposite in direction and (b) same in
magnitude.
Integrated Exercise

D. Questions (13 marks)

1. For each of the following situations, draw arrows to show the action and reaction involved.
Label the forces by stating clearly ‘on which object’ and ‘by which object’. (8 marks)
(a) Kicking a wooden board (b) Jumping

force on the leg

by the board
Spelling Corner

force on the
board by the leg force on the leg
by the ground
force on the ground
by the leg
(2m) (2m)

(c) Pushing the wall of a pool (d) Pulling up on a bar

force on the hand
by the bar

force on the leg by the wall

force on the bar
force on by the hand
the wall
by the leg

(2m) (2m)

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 Force and Motion 11

EM
ST
2. The photo shows a man playing hydroflight. The board he is
riding can produce a lifting force by forcing water out of it.

(a) Explain how the lifting force is produced. (3 marks)

When the board exerts a (i) downward (1m) force to
push water out of it, (ii) an upward lifting force acts on the
board
board at the same time (1m) . These two forces

Sectional Exercise
are an (iii) action-and-reaction (1m) pair.

(b) Suggest how the board can be designed so that the man can control how high he stays
in air. (2 marks)

The board has buttons for him to control how fast water is forced out. (1m)

The faster the water is forced out, the higher the man can stay. (1m)

Total Score :   / 23

Integrated Exercise
E x te n s
11.6 Space flight ion efer to Textbook
p.212–222

A. True or false (3 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. During launching, a rocket requires a huge pushing force to break the atmosphere

Spelling Corner
before it enters space. F

2. A rocket pushes itself upwards by ejecting hot gases downwards. T

3. Spacecrafts need to have streamlined shapes so that they can move fast in space. F

B. Fill in the blanks (4 marks)

1. The spacecrafts in space are in frictionless motion as there is no air resistance.

2. The surface of a spacecraft is covered with a (a) heat shield or

(b) insulating tiles to protect it against the heat produced when it enters
the atmosphere.

3. Parachutes can be used to slow down a spacecraft so that it can land safely on the Earth.

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 11 Force and Motion

C. Multiple-choice (4 marks)
air resistance
Choose the correct answer for each question. on the rocket

1. The diagram on the right shows a rocket during launching.

Some forces are shown in the diagram. Which of the forces
forms an action-and-reaction pair with the pushing force weight of the
rocket
exerted on the rocket?
A. Air resistance on the rocket
Sectional Exercise

B. Weight of the rocket

force pushing
C. Force pushing hot gases downwards hot gases
D. Weight of the hot gases C downwards

weight of the
hot gases

2. Which of the following statements about the air resistance encountered by a rocket or
a spacecraft is INCORRECT?
Integrated Exercise

A. It should be reduced when a rocket is launched.

B. It can be reduced by designing rockets in streamlined shapes.
C. It causes the surface of a spacecraft to heat up when the spacecraft moves fast in the
atmosphere of the Earth.
D. It should be reduced so that a spacecraft can have a safe landing on the Earth. D

3. Which of the following designs allow a spacecraft to have a safe return journey to the Earth?
(1) Covered in insulating tiles
(2) Installed with parachutes
(3) Having a streamlined shape
Spelling Corner

A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) A

4. Spacecrafts can be covered by insulating tiles to protect it against the heat produced when
the spacecraft enters the atmosphere. Which of the following statements best explains the
principle behind?
A. The insulating tiles reduce the air resistance.
B. The insulating tiles produce a layer of cold air on the spacecraft’s surface.
C. The insulating tiles are good insulators of heat.
D. The insulating tiles can prevent the heat from producing. C

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 Force and Motion 11

D. Questions (10 marks)

EM
ST
1. The figure on the right shows a water rocket in launching.

(a) Describe how the rocket moves upwards. (4 marks)

When the rocket is launched, the air inside exerts a
(i) downward (1m) (upward/downward) force
on the water to push it out of the rocket.

Sectional Exercise
(ii) An upward pushing force is exerted on the rocket (1m)
water

at the same time. These two forces form an

(iii) action-and-reaction (1m) pair. The pushing
force is (iv) larger than (1m) the weight of the
rocket so the rocket moves upwards.

(b) A student suggests that the water rocket could be filled with more water so that it can

Integrated Exercise
reach higher. Comment on this suggestion. (1 mark)

I agree because the pushing force can last for a longer time. (1m) / I do not agree because the

water rocket will become heavier. (1m) (Or any other reasonable answers)

2. (a) The photo on the right shows an astronaut in a space

station. She ‘floats’ around as if she has no weight.
What is the name of the motion she is performing?
(1 mark)

Spelling Corner
Micro-gravity motion (1m)

(b) Astronauts in a space station need to do exercise for

about two hours a day in order to keep their muscles
and bones strong. Explain why. (4 marks)

Astronauts in a space station are under the

(i) micro-gravity motion (1m) and they cannot
feel (ii) their own weights (1m) . Under such condition, their muscles
and bones will become (iii) weaker (1m) gradually. Therefore, they need to
(iv) do exercise to keep their muscles and bones strong (1m) .

Total Score :   / 21

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 11 Force and Motion

I NTEGRATED E XERCISE
A. True or false (10 marks)
Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. The unit of speed can be m s. F

2. An object is performing uniform motion if it moves at a steady speed in a

fixed direction. T
Sectional Exercise

3. When we kick a football, the force exerted by the foot is the only force acting on the
football. F

4. A force sensor can measure both pushing and pulling forces. T

5. The weight of an object measures the amount of matter the object contains. F

6. Friction should be reduced for runners’ shoes. (We make use of friction to run.) F

7. Action and reaction must be contact forces. F

8. Action and reaction act on different bodies. T

9. The direction of the pushing force exerted on a rocket is opposite to the direction that
Integrated Exercise

E
the hot gases are ejected. T
E 10. Artificial satellites moving in space need not to have a streamlined shape because
they move at low speeds. F

B. Multiple-choice (10 marks)

Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. The speed limit on Tsing Ma Bridge is 80 km h–1. A car takes 1.5 min to cross Tsing Ma Bridge,
which is 2.2 km long. Which of the following combinations about the car is correct?
Spelling Corner

(Given: 1 km h–1 = 0.278 m s–1)

Average speed Break the speed limit?

A. 1.5 m s
–1
Yes
B. 1.5 m s
–1
No
C. 24.4 m s–1 Yes
D. 24.4 m s –1
No C

artificial satellite  人造衞星

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 Force and Motion 11

2. Which of the following distance-time graphs is responsible for an object moving at an

increasing speed?
A. distance
B. distance

Sectional Exercise
time time

C. distance
D. distance

time time D

3. A ‘sushi train’ is carring dishes of sushi to customers. The ‘train’

Integrated Exercise
is in non-uniform motion when ‘sushi train’
(1) it is turning round a corner.
(2) it is moving in a fixed direction at a steady speed.
(3) it is braking.
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only C

Spelling Corner
4. Which of the following phenomena is/are caused by the force of gravity?
(1) Falling of water from (2) Moving of the Moon (3) Burning of a meteorite
the top of a waterfall around the Earth in the atmosphere

A. (1) only
B. (1) and (2) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3) B

meteorite  隕石
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 11 Force and Motion

5. Katie dives into a swimming pool. When she enters the water,
Sectional Exercise

A. the force of gravity acting on her changes direction.

B. her mass remains the same.
C. her weight becomes zero.
D. her mass points towards the Earth’s centre. B

6. The photo below shows a boy in a playground. Which of the following statements about the
friction acting on him by the pole is/are correct?

pole
Integrated Exercise
Spelling Corner

(1) The friction is zero if the boy stays at rest on the pole.
(2) The friction points upwards if the boy stays at rest on the pole.
(3) The friction points downwards if the boy slides down along the pole.
A. (1) only B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only D. (2) and (3) only B

7. A horse is running faster and faster. Which of the following statements about the horse are
correct?
(1) The air resistance acting on the horse is increasing.
(2) The friction on the ground enables the horse to run.
(3) The forces acting on the horse are unbalanced.
A. (1) and (2)only B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) D

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 Force and Motion 11

8. Which of the following pairs of forces are action-and-reaction pairs?

(1) The force exerted by (2) The force of gravity (3) The driving force of
the woman’s leg on the exerted on the Sun by the car and the friction
ground and the force the Earth and the force acting on the wheels
causing her to jump of gravity exerted on the
Earth by the Sun

Sectional Exercise
A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) A

9. A bowling ball is hitting some pins. Which of the following statements about the magnitude
of the impact force acting on the pin and the impact force acting on the bowling ball is

Integrated Exercise
correct?
pin

Spelling Corner
A. The impact force on the ball is larger than that on the pin.
B. The impact force on the ball is equal to that on the pin.
C. The impact force on the ball is smaller than that on the pin.
D. We cannot compare the two impact forces because the masses of the ball and the pin
are not known. B

E 10. Which of the following statements about a space flight is INCORRECT?

A. When a rocket moves in air, air resistance acts on it to oppose its motion.
B. When a spacecraft enters the atmosphere on its return journey, a large amount of heat is
produced.
C. Air resistance is unwanted for a spacecraft returning to the Earth.
D. A heat shield or insulating tiles are used to protect a spacecraft from the heat produced
when the spacecraft enters the atmosphere. C

impact  撞擊
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 11 Force and Motion

C. Questions (30 marks)

1. In an experiment, a student gives a short gentle push on a glider on an air track to make it
move to the right. The position of the glider is detected by instrument X and the distance-time
graph of the glider is generated by the computer, as shown on the right below.

distance (m)
instrument X

glider air track (For Q1(e))

4
Sectional Exercise

0 time (s)
1 2 3 4 5
A graph of steeper slope (1m)

(a) What is the name of instrument X? (1 mark)

Integrated Exercise

Motion sensor (1m)

(b) (i) Describe the motion of the glider. (2 marks)

From time = 0 to 1 s, it is at rest. (1m)

From time = 1 s to 5 s, it is moving at a steady speed. (1m)

(ii) When does the student give the short push to the glider? (1 mark)

At time = 1 s (1m)
Spelling Corner

(c) Name the type of motion of the glider from time = 1 s to 5 s. (1 mark)

Uniform motion (1m)

(d) Find the average speed of the glider when it moves. (2 marks)

From time = 1 s to 5 s, distance travelled = 3 m – 1 m = 2 m

distance 2m
Average speed = = (1m)
time 4s

= 0.5 m s–1 (1m)

(e) Suppose the student repeats the experiment by giving a stronger push on the glider.
Draw the new distance-time graph of the glider in the diagram above. Assume that the
student gives the push at the same time as before. (1 mark)

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2. In each of the following situations, the baseball player exerts a force on the baseball. Write
down the effect of the force on the baseball. (3 marks)

Pitching a baseball Hitting a baseball Catching a baseball

Sectional Exercise
The force starts the The force changes the The force stops the

motion of the baseball. (1m) direction of motion of the motion of the baseball. (1m)

baseball. (1m)

3. Darius goes skydiving. He is now falling at a steady speed in the sky.

Integrated Exercise
air resistance

force of gravity

Each answer (1m)

Spelling Corner
(a) Draw arrows to complete the free-body diagram of Darius on the right above.
(2 marks)

(b) Compare the air resistance and the force of gravity acting on Darius when he is falling
at a steady speed. (3 marks)

As Darius is falling (i) at a steady speed (1m) , the forces acting

on him should be (ii) balanced (1m) (balanced/unbalanced). In other words,
(iii) the air resistance is equal to the force of gravity acting on him (1m) .

(c) Darius will soon open a parachute when he is getting closer to the ground. Explain
why. (2 marks)

He opens a parachute to increase the air resistance acting on him. (1m)

This can help him slow down so that he can land safely. (1m)

skydiving  跳傘
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EM
ST
4. Amy has made a model of a maglev train, as shown below. The ‘rails’ are magnets and the
‘train’ is also fixed with some magnets at its bottom.
‘train’
rails (magnet)
Sectional Exercise

magnet

(a) (i) Should the magnets on the ‘train’ and the magnets of the ‘rails’ have like poles or
unlike poles facing each other? (1 mark)

Like poles (1m)

(ii) Is the force existing between the magnets a contact force or non-contact force?
(1 mark)

Non-contact force (1m)

Integrated Exercise

(b) Amy gives a gentle push on the ‘train’ and it then moves at a nearly steady speed along
its ‘rails’. Explain this phenomenon. (3 marks)

As the ‘train’ is (i) separated from its ‘rails’ with an air cushion (1m) ,
(ii) the friction between them is greatly reduced (1m) . Thus, the ‘train’
can (iii) move at a nearly steady speed (1m) .

(c) As shown below, Amy has installed a fan on the ‘train’ in order to push the ‘train’ to
move. In which direction should the fan blow winds to push the ‘train’ to the right?
Explain briefly. (3 marks)
Spelling Corner

motor
fan

‘train’

The fan should blow winds towards the (i) left (1m) . When the fan
(ii) exerts a leftward force to blow winds, a rightward force acts on the fan at the same time (1m)
. These two forces are an (iii) action-and-reaction (1m) pair.

(d) State ONE difference between Amy’s model and a real maglev train. (1 mark)

Electromagnets are used in a real maglev train system. (1m) / A real maglev train is

streamlined in shape. (1m) (Or any other reasonable answers)

maglev  磁浮
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E 5. Look at Harry’s post on a photo-sharing app below.

My photo-sharing app

Harry

Sectional Exercise
Integrated Exercise
95 likes
I want to be an astronaut in the future as the life
of an astronaut in space is very funny. When I
am in a space station, I can float around
because my weight becomes zero there. I can
also ‘swim’ in space just like swimming in water.
Also, when I go to the Moon, my mass will
be one-sixth that on the Earth so I can jump
high easily.
#MyDream #Happy #Space

Spelling Corner
Harry has THREE misconceptions. Point them out. (3 marks)
• An astronaut’s weight is not zero in a space station. He can float around because he is in micro-gravity

motion. (1m)

• An astronaut cannot ‘swim’ in space. We make use of an action-and-reaction pair to swim in water.

In space, there is no air or water for an astronaut to exert a force so he cannot ‘swim’ in space. (1m)

• An astronaut’s mass on the Moon is the same as that on the Earth. Instead, the weight is one-sixth that

on the Earth. (1m)

Total Score :   / 50

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S PELLING C ORNER
Look at each group of figures below. Use one key term in science to describe the figures. The
letters forming the missing part of the key term can be found on the right.
1.
N O F
T
U
O
N R M
Sectional Exercise

O I M I

Key term: U N I F O R M    M O T I O N

2.
O
N C N
C O T
Integrated Exercise

T A N

Key term: N O N – C O N T A C T   FORCE

3.
F G A
R C R
T
Y I
E V
Spelling Corner

Key term: F O R C E   OF   G R A V I T Y

4.
N R T
A
S
C S E
E
I A I
R
Key term: A I R    R E S I S T A N C E

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