Revised City Development Plan For Panaji 2041 2

Revised City Development Plan for
Panaji, 2041
February 2015
Supported under
Capacity Building for Urban Development project

(CBUD)
A Joint Partnership Program between

Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India
and
The World Bank
CRISIL Risk and Infrastructure Solutions Limited
Ministry of Urban
Development,
Government of India
Capacity Building for Urban

Development
City Development Plan for
Panaji - 2041
Final Report
February 2015
Abbreviations
ARV Annual Rental Value

BSUP Basic Services for Urban Poor
BT Bituminous
BPL Below Poverty Line
BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand
BOT Build Operate and Transfer
CPWD Central Public Works Department
CBUD Capacity Building Urban Development
CPHEEO Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation
CDP City Development Plan
CIP City Investment Plan
CCP Corporation of the City of Panaji
CC Cement Concrete
CI Cast Iron
CAA Constitutional Amendment Act
CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate
CMP Comprehensive Mobility Plan
CPHEEO Central Public Health Engineering and Environment Organization
CRIS CRISIL Risk and Infrastructure Solutions
CSP City Sanitation Plan
CIP Capital Investment Plan
CCP Corporation for the City of Panaji
CCF Charles Correa Foundation
DI Ductile Iron
DPC District Planning Committee
DEAS Double Entry Accounting System
DCB Demand Collection and Balance Statement
DMP Disaster Management Plan
DPR Detailed Project Report
DCR Debt Coverage Ratio
ESR Elevated Service Reservoir
EWS Economically Weaker Section
FOP Financial Operating Plan
GLR Ground Level Reservoir
GOI Government of India
GDP Gross Domestic Product
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [vi]]

GR A/C General Revenue Account
GIS Geographical Information System
GSPCB Goa State Pollution Control Board
HOD Head of Department
IHSDP Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme
IEC Information & Education campaign
IDA International Development Association
JNNURM Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Reforms Renewal Mission
KTC Kadamba Transport Corporation
LPCD Litres Per Capita per Day
LED Light Emitting Diode
MOUD Ministry of Urban Development
MOHUPA Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation
MPC Metropolitan Planning Committee
MLD Million litres per day
MSL Mean Sea Level
NGO Non Profit Government Organisation
NRW Non Revenue Water
NUPAM National Urban Poverty Alleviation Mission
ODP Outline Development Plan
OHT Over Head Tank
PMU Project Monitoring Unit
PPP Public Private Partnership
PHC Public Health Centre
PHED Public Health Engineering Department
PIU Project Implementation Unit
PWD Public Works Department
RAY Rajiv Awaas Yojana
RSPM Respiratory Suspended Particulate Matter
RTO Regional Transport Office
RFP Request for Proposal
RFQ Request for Qualification
SLB Service Level Benchmarking
SFC State Finance Commission
SPM Suspended Particulate Matter
SBR Sequencing Batch Reactor
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
SLB Service Level Benchmark
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [vii]]

STP Sewage Treatment Plant
SWM Solid Waste Management
SWOT Strength Weakness Opportunity and Threat Analysis
SWD Storm water drains
SLC State Level Committee
TPD Tons per Day
TCPO Town and Country Planning Organisation
TDS Total Dissolved Solids
TERI The Energy and Research Institute
ULB Urban Local Body
UIDSSMT Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small and Medium Towns
UFW Unaccounted for Water
URDPFI Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation & Implementation
UGD Under Ground Drainage
WBM Water Bound Macadam
WTP Water Treatment Plant
WPR Workforce Participation Rate
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [viii]]

Contents
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................ 1

2. PROJECT BACKGROUND .......................................................................................................... 10
2.1 Context ............................................................................................................................. 10
2.2 Revised CDP under CBUD Project .................................................................................. 12
2.2.1 CBUD Programme ............................................................................................... 12
2.2.2 Preparation of Revised CDP under CBUD Programme ....................................... 12
2.3 Revised CDP Guidelines – Key Areas of Emphasis ........................................................ 13
2.3.1 Vision Led Planning .............................................................................................. 13
2.3.2 Resource based planning ..................................................................................... 13
2.3.3 Participatory Approach ......................................................................................... 13
2.3.4 Equity concerns, poverty and local economy development ................................. 14
2.3.5 Capacity Building in ULB ...................................................................................... 14
2.3.6 Sectoral Action Plans with Goal Oriented Targets ............................................... 14
2.3.7 Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements ............................................................ 15
2.4 Objective of the Assignment ............................................................................................. 15
2.5 Approach and Methodology .............................................................................................. 15
st
2.6 Brief on 1 Generation CDP ............................................................................................. 17
st
2.6.1 Projects proposed in 1 generation CDP ............................................................. 17
2.7 Brief on Various Studies Undertaken by CCP .................................................................. 19
2.8 Key process undertaken for CDP preparation .................................................................. 20
2.8.1 Data Collection ..................................................................................................... 21
2.8.2 Committee Formation ........................................................................................... 21
2.8.3 Stakeholder’s consultation ................................................................................... 21
3. INTRODUCTION TO THE CITY ................................................................................................... 26
3.1 Regional Setting ............................................................................................................... 26
3.1.1 History and Regional Importance ......................................................................... 27
3.2 Administrative Boundaries ................................................................................................ 30
3.3 Location and Connectivity ................................................................................................ 32
3.4 Defining the study area ..................................................................................................... 33
3.5 Physical Setting ................................................................................................................ 33
3.5.1 Topography and Geology ..................................................................................... 33
3.5.2 Climate Parameters .............................................................................................. 34
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [ix]]

3.5.3 Water Resources .................................................................................................. 35
3.5.4 Forest Resources ................................................................................................. 35
4. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE .......................................................................................................... 37
4.1 Background....................................................................................................................... 37
4.2 Urban Population and urbanisation pattern ...................................................................... 37
4.2.1 North Goa District ................................................................................................. 37
4.2.2 Panaji City ............................................................................................................ 38
4.3 Population Growth Trend .................................................................................................. 38
4.4 Population Density ............................................................................................................ 39
4.5 Average Household Size .................................................................................................. 39
4.6 Literacy Rate..................................................................................................................... 39
4.7 Sex Ratio .......................................................................................................................... 40
4.7.1 Age Sex Pyramid .................................................................................................. 40
4.8 Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Population .......................................................... 41
4.9 Migration ........................................................................................................................... 41
4.9.1 Migration Trend in the District .............................................................................. 41
4.9.2 Migration Trend in Panaji City .............................................................................. 43
4.10 Key Observations ............................................................................................................. 43
4.11 Population Projections ...................................................................................................... 44
4.11.1 Methodology Adopted For Estimation of Population ............................................ 44
4.11.2 Basic Assumptions for Population Projection ....................................................... 46
4.11.3 Recommended Population Projection .................................................................. 47
5. ECONOMIC PROFILE .................................................................................................................. 48
5.1 Background....................................................................................................................... 48
5.2 Overview of economic situation of the state and the city ................................................. 48
5.2.1 Goa Economic Profile ........................................................................................... 49
5.2.2 Industrial Policies and Incentives ......................................................................... 50
5.2.3 North Goa district’s Economic Profile ................................................................... 51
5.2.4 Panaji City Economic Profile ................................................................................ 53
5.3 Economic Infrastructure .................................................................................................... 54
5.3.1 Industrial and Commercial Activities .................................................................... 54
5.3.2 Tourism ................................................................................................................. 55
5.3.3 Informal Commercial Activity ................................................................................ 55
5.4 Workforce Participation Rate ............................................................................................ 58
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [x]]

5.5 Work Force Classification ................................................................................................. 58
5.5.1 Primary sector ...................................................................................................... 58
5.5.2 Secondary sector ................................................................................................. 59
5.5.3 Tertiary sector....................................................................................................... 59
5.6 Key Issues/ Observations ................................................................................................. 59
6. PHYSICAL PLANNING ANDGROWTH MANAGEMENT ............................................................. 61
6.1 Background....................................................................................................................... 61
6.2 Critical appraisal of Outline Development Plan (ODP) ..................................................... 61
6.3 Building regulations proposed as per the Outline Development Plan (ODP) ................... 62
6.4 Constituents of Planning Area .......................................................................................... 63
6.5 Projected Population under Outline Development Plan ................................................... 63
6.6 Spatial Growth Trends ...................................................................................................... 64
6.6.1 Land Rates ........................................................................................................... 64
6.7 Spatial Distribution of Population ...................................................................................... 65
6.8 Land Use Analysis ............................................................................................................ 66
6.8.1 Comparison with URDPFI guidelines ................................................................... 66
6.9 Regional Plan - Goa 2021 ................................................................................................ 70
6.10 Urban planning functions and reforms.............................................................................. 72
6.10.1 Goa Town and Country Planning Act ................................................................... 73
6.10.2 Corporation of City of Panaji Act, 2002 ................................................................ 73
6.10.3 Reforms ................................................................................................................ 74
6.10.4 Roles and responsibilities of CCP and Parastatals .............................................. 74
6.10.5 Key Observations/ Issues ..................................................................................... 74
7. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ....................................................................................................... 76
7.1 Background....................................................................................................................... 76
7.2 Heath Facilities ................................................................................................................. 76
7.2.1 Existing Situation .................................................................................................. 76
7.2.2 Public Health Indicators ........................................................................................ 77
7.2.3 Role of CCP in Health Programmes..................................................................... 77
7.2.4 Comparison with URDPFI norms ......................................................................... 77
7.2.5 Key Issues ............................................................................................................ 78
7.3 Educational Facilities ........................................................................................................ 78
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xi]]

7.3.3 Key Concerns ....................................................................................................... 80
7.4 PAWS – Panaji Animal Welfare Society ........................................................................... 80
7.5 Recreation ........................................................................................................................ 81
7.5.1 City-Level Parks and playgrounds........................................................................ 81
7.5.3 Sports centre and Stadiums ................................................................................. 82
7.5.5 Commercial facilities ............................................................................................ 83
7.5.6 Other facilities ....................................................................................................... 84
7.5.7 Fire and Emergency services ............................................................................... 84
7.5.8 Key Concerns ....................................................................................................... 85
8. INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES ......................................................................................... 86
8.1 Water Supply .................................................................................................................... 86
8.1.2 Water Supply Future Demand .............................................................................. 92
st
8.1.3 Water Supply System Post 1 Generation CDP - Status Review ........................ 92
8.1.4 Proposed Projects ................................................................................................ 94
8.1.5 Institutional Framework for Water Supply System ............................................... 94
8.1.6 Service Adequacy and Key Issues ....................................................................... 95
8.2 Sewerage and Sanitation ................................................................................................. 96
8.2.1 Existing Sewerage and Sanitation System .......................................................... 96
8.2.2 Future Sewage Generation .................................................................................. 99
8.2.3 Sanitation Sector Post 1st Generation CDP - Status Review ............................ 100
8.2.4 Proposed Projects .............................................................................................. 101
8.2.5 Service Adequacy and Key Issues ..................................................................... 101
8.3 Solid Waste Management .............................................................................................. 103
8.3.1 Existing SWM System ........................................................................................ 103
8.3.2 Future Solid Waste Generation .......................................................................... 108
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8.3.3 SWM post- 1 Generation CDP – Status Review .............................................. 109
8.3.4 Institutional Framework for SWM ....................................................................... 110
8.3.5 Service Adequacy and Key Issues ..................................................................... 111
8.4 Storm Water Drains ........................................................................................................ 112
8.4.1 Existing Drainage System .................................................................................. 112
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8.4.2 Storm Water Drainage post 1 Generation CDP – Status Review .................... 113
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xii]]

8.4.3 Service Adequacies and Key Issues .................................................................. 114
9. TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION .......................................................................................... 116
9.1 Existing Transportation Infrastructure ............................................................................ 116
9.1.1 Regional Roadways ........................................................................................... 116
9.1.2 Railways ............................................................................................................. 118
9.1.3 Waterways .......................................................................................................... 120
9.1.4 Airways ............................................................................................................... 122
9.1.5 Important Junctions ............................................................................................ 125
9.1.6 Bridges, Flyovers and Interchanges ................................................................... 126
9.1.7 Non Motorised Transport Facilities..................................................................... 126
9.2 Issues and Key Challenges ............................................................................................ 127
9.3 Existing Traffic and Transportation System .................................................................... 128
9.3.1 Traffic Volume .................................................................................................... 128
9.3.2 Modes of Transport ............................................................................................ 132
9.3.3 Existing Transportation Infrastructure ................................................................ 135
9.3.4 Safety and Traffic Management Measures ........................................................ 137
9.3.5 Traffic Calming Measures .................................................................................. 138
9.3.6 Issues and Key Challenges ................................................................................ 138
9.3.7 Proposed Projects .............................................................................................. 139
9.4 Street Lighting................................................................................................................. 146
9.4.1 Service Adequacy and Issues ............................................................................ 146
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9.5 Traffic and Transportation Sector post- 1 Generation CDP– Status Review ............... 147
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9.5.1 Street Lighting Sector post- 1 Generation CDP– Status Review ..................... 148
10. HOUSING AND URBAN POVERTY ........................................................................................... 150
10.1 Overall Housing Scenario in the City .............................................................................. 150
10.1.1 Present Availability of Housing Stock ................................................................. 150
10.1.2 Quality of Housing Stock .................................................................................... 150
10.1.3 Housing Requirement as per the Future Projected Population .......................... 151
10.1.4 Housing Scenario across the City ...................................................................... 152
10.1.5 Overview of Housing Sector in the city .............................................................. 152
10.2 Urban Poverty and Slums ............................................................................................... 153
10.2.1 Number of Urban Poor pockets in Panaji ........................................................... 153
10.2.2 Available Infrastructure for Urban poor Communities ........................................ 154
10.2.3 Government Initiatives in Urban Poor Improvement .......................................... 156
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xiii]]

10.2.4 Urban Poor Sector post1st Generation CDP - Status Review ........................... 157
10.3 Service Adequacies and Key issues .............................................................................. 158
11. BASELINE ENVIRONMENT: URBAN ENVIRONMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT...... 159
11.1 Pollution Level in the City ............................................................................................... 159
11.1.1 Ambient Air Quality ............................................................................................. 160
11.1.2 Noise Pollution.................................................................................................... 160
11.1.3 Water Pollution ................................................................................................... 160
11.2 Water Bodies .................................................................................................................. 161
11.2.1 Water Bodies in Panaji ....................................................................................... 162
11.3 Gardens, Open Spaces and Urban Forests ................................................................... 164
11.4 Identification of Environmentally Sensitive Areas ........................................................... 164
11.5 Bio Diversity of Panaji City ............................................................................................. 164
11.5.1 Key Findings of the Bio-Diversity Report ........................................................... 165
11.5.2 Conservation Measures ..................................................................................... 165
11.6 Goa State Coastal Zone Management Plan ................................................................... 166
11.7 Disaster Proneness Assessment of the City .................................................................. 167
11.7.1 Earthquakes ....................................................................................................... 167
11.7.2 Cyclone ............................................................................................................... 168
11.7.3 Tsunami .............................................................................................................. 170
11.7.4 Floods ................................................................................................................. 170
11.7.5 Manmade disasters in state and city .................................................................. 170
11.8 Disaster Management Mitigation Measures ................................................................... 171
11.8.1 Current status of disaster management ............................................................. 171
11.9 Key Issues and Concerns ............................................................................................... 173
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11.10 Urban Environment post1 Generation CDP - Status Review ....................................... 174
12. CLIMATE CHANGE & SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT .......................................................... 175
12.1 Climate Change and Urban Cities .................................................................................. 175
12.2 Learning from the Past ................................................................................................... 176
12.3 Climate in Panaji ............................................................................................................. 176
12.4 Climate Change Challenge in the state .......................................................................... 176
12.5 Climate Change Challenges in Panaji ............................................................................ 177
12.6 Urban Heat Island Analysis for Panaji ............................................................................ 177
12.7 Panaji’s Climate Change Resilience............................................................................... 177
12.8 Resilience Initiatives in Panaji ........................................................................................ 179
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xiv]]

12.9 Climate Change Assessment for Panaji ......................................................................... 180
12.9.1 Vulnerability Assessment ................................................................................... 181
12.9.2 Major threats to Existing Natural Resources of Panaji ....................................... 182
12.9.3 Identification of Key Vulnerabilities in Panaji ...................................................... 185
12.9.4 City Sensitivity to Climate stressors ................................................................... 189
12.10 City Level Adaptation Strategies .................................................................................... 191
12.11 Proposed projects ........................................................................................................... 198
12.11.1 Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission .......................................................... 198
12.11.2 Solar City Master Plan for Panaji ....................................................................... 198
13. CULTURAL RESOURCES, HERITAGE AND TOURISM .......................................................... 199
13.1 Historical Importance of the city ..................................................................................... 199
13.2 Existing Situation for Heritage (protected and unprotected) .......................................... 199
13.3 Heritage Conservation Initiatives .................................................................................... 202
13.3.1 Survey and Listing of Heritage Structures .......................................................... 202
13.4 Tourism Scenario............................................................................................................ 204
13.4.1 Tourism Scenario in the state ............................................................................. 204
13.4.2 Tourism Scenario in Panaji ................................................................................ 205
13.4.3 Major Tourist Spots ............................................................................................ 205
13.5 Tourist arrival .................................................................................................................. 208
13.6 Tourist Infrastructure facilities ......................................................................................... 210
13.7 Fairs and Festivals.......................................................................................................... 211
13.8 Proposed projects for the improvement of existing /potential destinations .................... 212
13.8.1 Tourist destinations and projects identified ........................................................ 212
13.9 Key Concern Area for Tourism Development ................................................................. 212
13.10 Heritage and Tourism under 1st Generation CDP – Status Review .............................. 213
14. URBAN GOVERNANCE ............................................................................................................. 215
14.1 Urban Governance System ............................................................................................ 215
14.1.1 Institutional Framework in Panaji city ................................................................. 215
14.1.2 Governing Structure of CCP ............................................................................... 216
14.1.3 Transfer of functions ........................................................................................... 217
14.1.4 Status of JnNURM implementation .................................................................... 219
14.1.5 Progress in implementation of urban reforms .................................................... 220
14.2 Role and Responsibility of various state level Institutions/ departments ....................... 223
14.2.1 Public Works Department................................................................................... 223
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xv]]

14.2.2 Public Health and Engineering Department ....................................................... 224
14.2.3 Water Resource Department .............................................................................. 224
14.2.4 Goa state Electricity Board ................................................................................. 224
14.2.5 Town and Country Planning Department ........................................................... 224
14.2.6 North Goa Planning and Development Authority (NGPDA) ............................... 225
14.2.7 State Tourism Department ................................................................................. 225
14.2.8 Kadamba Transport Corporation ........................................................................ 225
14.2.9 Goa Housing Board ............................................................................................ 225
14.2.10 Directorate of health services ............................................................................. 225
14.2.11 Fire Service Department .................................................................................... 225
14.2.12 Goa Forest Department ...................................................................................... 226
14.3 Key Issues ...................................................................................................................... 226
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14.4 Urban Governance under 1 Generation CDP – Status Review ................................... 227
14.4.1 Proposed Projects as per 1st Generation CDP .................................................. 228
15. MUNICIPAL FINANCE ASSESSMENT ...................................................................................... 229
15.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................... 229
15.2 First Generation CDP– Key Features of Municipal Finance .......................................... 229
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15.2.1 Key Issues identified under 1 generation CDP................................................. 229
15.3 Status of Key Financial Indicators .................................................................................. 230
15.4 As Is Assessment of Municipal Finance ......................................................................... 230
15.5 Revenue Account ........................................................................................................... 231
15.5.1 Revenue Income ................................................................................................ 232
15.5.2 Revenue Expenditure ......................................................................................... 234
15.6 Capital Account............................................................................................................... 236
15.6.1 Capital Income.................................................................................................... 236
15.6.2 Capital Expenditure ............................................................................................ 237
15.7 Salient Features.............................................................................................................. 237
15.8 Key Issues and Concerns ............................................................................................... 237
16. CITY VISION, DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND STRATEGIES ................................................... 239
16.1 Focus Group Discussions ............................................................................................... 240
16.2 Interim Workshop Process ............................................................................................. 241
16.3 Stakeholder Suggestions during Interim workshop ........................................................ 241
16.4 SWOT ANALYSIS .......................................................................................................... 242
16.4.1 SWOT Analysis .................................................................................................. 243
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xvi]]

16.5 Vision Statement............................................................................................................. 245
16.6 Development Goals ........................................................................................................ 246
17. SECTOR PLAN, STRATEGIES & INVESTMENT PLAN............................................................ 252
17.1 Institutionalizing CIP ....................................................................................................... 252
17.2 Water supply ................................................................................................................... 253
17.2.1 Capital Investment Plan ..................................................................................... 255
17.2.2 Possible intervention through PPP ..................................................................... 256
17.2.3 Phasing of Investment ........................................................................................ 257
17.3 Sewerage and Sanitation ............................................................................................... 258
17.4 Solid Waste Management .............................................................................................. 262
17.5 Storm Water Drainage .................................................................................................... 267
17.6 Traffic and Transportation .............................................................................................. 270
17.7 Basic Services for Urban Poor ....................................................................................... 284
17.8 Urban Environment and Disaster Management ............................................................. 283
17.9 Social Infrastructure ........................................................................................................ 286
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xvii]]

17.10 Tourism and Heritage Development ............................................................................... 288
17.11 Urban Governance ......................................................................................................... 291
17.12 Summary of Capital Investment ..................................................................................... 293
17.13 Composition of investment ............................................................................................. 294
18. FINANCIAL OPERATING PLAN ................................................................................................. 297
18.1 Financial Plan for the City ............................................................................................... 297
18.2 Methodology ................................................................................................................... 297
18.3 Financing Strategies for CIP ........................................................................................... 300
18.3.1 Financial Projections .......................................................................................... 301
18.4 Investment Sustenance Capacity ................................................................................... 301
18.4.1 Key Assumptions ................................................................................................ 302
18.5 Investible Surplus ........................................................................................................... 303
18.6 Business as Usual Scenario ........................................................................................... 304
18.7 Improved CaseScenario – Reforms Implementation...................................................... 305
18.8 Improved Case Scenario – Debt .................................................................................... 306
18.8.1 Key Summary ..................................................................................................... 306
18.9 Revenue Enhancement Initiatives .................................................................................. 307
18.10 Expenditure Management Initiatives .............................................................................. 308
18.11 Asset Management Initiatives......................................................................................... 309
18.12 Financial Management Initiatives ................................................................................... 309
18.13 Projects on PPP basis .................................................................................................... 310
18.14 Land Resource Leveraging ............................................................................................ 310
18.15 Key Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 310
19. Review and Monitoring Framework for CDPs ............................................................................. 312
19.1 Framework for Evaluation ............................................................................................... 313
19.2 Timeline and Periodicity of Evaluation ........................................................................... 313
19.3 Reviewing of the CDP Document ................................................................................... 314
19.3.1 Engaging with Community and Stakeholders’ Consultation .............................. 314
19.3.2 Data Update and Mapping of the City ................................................................ 314
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xviii]]

19.3.3 Capacity Building ................................................................................................ 314
19.4 Assessment of Reforms and Project Implementation .................................................... 314
19.4.1 Assessment of Reforms and Project Implementation ........................................ 314
19.4.2 Financial Reforms .............................................................................................. 315
19.4.3 Property Tax Reforms ........................................................................................ 315
19.4.4 Sector /Ward Development Plans ...................................................................... 315
19.4.5 Review of the Project Priorities .......................................................................... 315
19.5 Financial Operating Plan and Capital Investment Plan .................................................. 315
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xix]]

List of Tables
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Table 1: Investment Envisaged in 1 Generation CDP ........................................................................18
Table 2: Status of projects prosed under the 1st Generation CDP.......................................................19
Table 3: Various studies undertaken by CCP .......................................................................................20
Table 4: List of consultations conducted ...............................................................................................21
Table 5: Growth of the city over the yearsTable 6: Chronology of Panaji's History ..............................28
Table 7: Administrative set-up of Panaji Region ...................................................................................30
Table 8: Rainfall pattern in Panaji .........................................................................................................35
Table 9: Major urban centers in North Goa district ...............................................................................37
Table 10: Population Growth Trend ......................................................................................................38
Table 11: Decade wise Population and Density ...................................................................................39
Table 12: Literacy rate ..........................................................................................................................40
Table 13: Sex ratio of Panaji .................................................................................................................40
Table14: Migrant Population Details .....................................................................................................42
Table 15: Migration details from 1971 to 2011......................................................................................43
Table 16: Projected Population .............................................................................................................46
Table 17: Recommended Population Projection – Panaji ....................................................................47
Table 18: Details of industrial units in North Goa district ......................................................................51
Table 19: Details of existing micro & small enterprises and artisan units in the district .......................52
Table 20: List of Large scale and medium scale industries in the district .............................................53
Table 21: Work Participation Rate ........................................................................................................58
Table 22: Details of Workforce ..............................................................................................................59
Table 23: Building Regulations applicable to various zones as per The Goa Land Development and
Building Construction Regulations, 2010 ..............................................................................................62
Table 24: Land rates in per square feet in various zones in the city and its surroundings ...................65
Table 25: Existing Land use for Panaji .................................................................................................66
Table 26: Existing land use and comparison with URDPFI guidelines .................................................67
Table 27: Roles and responsibilities of CCPand para-statal agencies in urban planning ....................74
Table 28: Health facilities in Panaji .......................................................................................................76
Table 29:Health Indicators ....................................................................................................................77
Table 30: Comparison of Health Indicators ...........................................................................................77
Table 31: Health Facilities .....................................................................................................................77
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xx]]

Table 32: Educational facilities .............................................................................................................79
Table 33: Existing education facilities’ comparison with URDPFI norms .............................................79
Table 34: List of Parks and Open spaces .............................................................................................81
Table 35: Comparison of existing parks with URDPFI guidelines ........................................................82
Table 36: Comparison of existing facility with URDPFI guidelines .......................................................83
Table 37: Municipal Property/ Commercial Complexes ........................................................................83
Table 38: Fire fighting facilities in Panaji ...............................................................................................84
Table 39: Staff details of District Fire station, Panaji ............................................................................85
Table 40: Details of Water Supply Sources ..........................................................................................87
Table 41: Existing pipelines and material details ..................................................................................88
Table 42: Details of Water Treatment Plants at Opa water works ........................................................88
Table 43: Details of Service Reservoirs in Panaji city region ...............................................................89
Table 44: Existing Distribution System .................................................................................................90
Table 45: Tariff structure for water supply connections ........................................................................91
Table 46: Water Demand estimation ....................................................................................................92
Table 47: Water supply demand projections.........................................................................................92
Table 48: Service Level Benchmarks for water supply .........................................................................95
Table 49: Sanitation facilities in the city region .....................................................................................97
Table 50: Sewerage Zones in Panaji CCP ...........................................................................................97
Table 51: Details of STPs in Panaji CCP ..............................................................................................98
Table 52: Sewerage connection charges for domestic and non-domestic connections .......................99
Table 53: Public toilets in Panaji CCP ..................................................................................................99
Table 54: Future Sewerage Generation for Panaji ...............................................................................99
Table 55: Service Level Benchmarks for sewerage ...........................................................................101
Table 56:Source of Municipal Solid Waste generated ........................................................................105
Table 57: Composition of waste generated ........................................................................................106
Table 58:Zone-wise location of various composting stations in Panaji city ........................................107
Table 59: Future Solid Waste Generation ...........................................................................................109
Table 60: Service Level Benchmarks for solid waste management ...................................................111
Table 61: Service Level Benchmarks for storm water drains .............................................................114
Table 62: Ferry Routes in Panaji ........................................................................................................120
Table 63: Distribution of road network in Panaji city ...........................................................................123
Table 64: Carriage way details ...........................................................................................................124
Table 65: Traffic Count at Old Patto Bridge and New Patto Bridge, 2012 ..........................................129
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxi]]

Table 66: Traffic Volume at Major Junctions.......................................................................................130
Table 67: Number of Vehicles Registered at RTO, Panaji .................................................................131
Table 68: Details of Street Lights ........................................................................................................146
Table 69: Quality of housing in the city ...............................................................................................151
Table 70: Projected housing stock in the city......................................................................................152
Table 71: Location of Slum like pockets in Panaji ..............................................................................154
Table 72: Profile of the Urban Poor areas in the city ..........................................................................155
Table 73: List of Urban Poor/Slum Improvement Schemes ................................................................156
Table 74:Ambient Air Quality in Panaji ...............................................................................................160
Table 75: Water Pollution levels in Mandovi River..............................................................................161
Table 76: Water bodies in the city and its condition ...........................................................................163
Table 77: Earthquake data for North Goa district ...............................................................................167
Table 78: Cyclone data for the state ...................................................................................................168
Table 79: Risk factors .........................................................................................................................176
Table 80: Climate; parameters and ranking ........................................................................................178
Table 81: Sector-specific sensitivity of the city ...................................................................................189
Table 82: Recommendations w.r.t specific city infrastructure sectors ................................................192
Table 83: Sector wise key structural and non-structural measures and key data fields .....................192
Table 84: Recommended strategies towards climate change mitigation ...........................................196
Table 85: List of major beaches located near Panaji city ...................................................................206
Table 86: List of monuments in Old Goa Heritage zone .....................................................................207
Table 87:Tourist Arrival Trend in state and Tiswadi taluka .................................................................209
Table 88: Number of hotels registered in Tiswadi taluka, 2011 ..........................................................210
Table 89: List of concerned authorities for various urban infrastructures in Panaji CCP ...................215
Table 90: Status of Transfer of Functions under 74th CAA ................................................................217
Table 91: Trainings received by the Staff of CCP ...............................................................................220
Table 92: Key financial indicators .......................................................................................................230
Table 93: Municipal financial status, CCP ..........................................................................................231
Table 94: Summary of Municipal Finance (2007 to 2012) ..................................................................232
Table 95: Revenue Income Statement ...............................................................................................233
Table 96:Demand and Collection for CCP, 2011-12 ..........................................................................234
Table 97: Expenditure Statement .......................................................................................................235
Table 98: Details of Capital account ...................................................................................................236
Table 99: Priority sectors - Revised CDP ...........................................................................................239
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxii]]

Table 100: List of consultations with CCP officials .............................................................................240
Table 101: List of consultations with other departments .....................................................................240
Table 102: Stakeholder’s Suggestions ...............................................................................................242
Table 103: Competitive position of the city .........................................................................................242
Table 104: Strengths ...........................................................................................................................244
Table 105: Weaknesses......................................................................................................................244
Table 106: Opportunities and threats in the city .................................................................................244
Table 107: Threats in the city ..............................................................................................................244
Table 108: Sector-wise developmental goals .....................................................................................247
Table 109: Water Supply Sector Plan .................................................................................................253
Table 110: Projects identified– Water supply......................................................................................255
Table 111: Projects Details – Water supply ........................................................................................255
Table 112: Project Phasing - Water Supply ........................................................................................257
Table 113: Sewerage and Sanitation Sector Plan ..............................................................................258
Table 114: Projects identified– Sewerage and Sanitation ..................................................................259
Table 115: Projects Details – Sewerage and Sanitation .....................................................................260
Table 116: Projects Phasing – Sewerage ...........................................................................................261
Table 117: Solid Waste Management Sector Plan .............................................................................262
Table 118: Projects identified– Solid Waste Management .................................................................264
Table 119: Projects Details– Solid Waste Management .....................................................................264
Table 120: Project Phasing -Solid Waste Management .....................................................................265
Table 121:Storm Water Drains Sector Plan ........................................................................................267
Table 122: Project Identified -Storm Water Drains .............................................................................268
Table 123: Projects Details – Storm Water Drains .............................................................................269
Table 124: Project Phasing - Storm Water Drains ..............................................................................269
Table 125: Traffic and Transportation Sector Plan .............................................................................270
Table 126: Projects Identified -Traffic and Transportation ..................................................................272
Table 127: ProjectPhasing -Traffic and Transportation ......................................................................277
Table 128: Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation Sector Plan.........................................................284
Table 129: Project Identified -Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation ...............................................285
Table 130: Project Details -Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation ...................................................286
Table 131: ProjectPhasing -Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation ..................................................283
Table 132: Urban Environmentand Disaster Management Sector Plan .............................................283
Table 133: Projects Identified - Urban Environment and Disaster Management................................285
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxiii]]

Table 134: Projects Details - Urban Environment and Disaster Management ...................................285
Table 135: Project Phasing - Urban Environment and Disaster Management ...................................286
Table 136: Social Infrastructure Sector Plan ......................................................................................286
Table 137: Projects Identified - Social Infrastructure ..........................................................................287
Table 138: Project Details – Social Infrastructure ...............................................................................287
Table 139: Project Phasing - Social Infrastructure .............................................................................288
Table 140:Tourism and Heritage Sector Plan .....................................................................................288
Table 141: Projects Identified - Tourism and Heritage .......................................................................289
Table 142: Projects Details - Tourism and Heritage ...........................................................................290
Table 143: Project Phasing -Tourism and Heritage ............................................................................290
Table 144: Urban Governance Sector Plan ........................................................................................291
Table 145:Projects Identified – Urban Governance ............................................................................292
Table 146: Project Phasing – Urban Governance ..............................................................................292
Table 147: Summary of capital investment (Rs. Crore) ......................................................................293
Table 148: Implementing agency wise breakup of investment (Rs. Crores) ......................................295
Table 149: Phasing of Overall Investment (Rs. Lakhs) ......................................................................296
Table 150: Methodology for City Financial Plan .................................................................................297
Table 151: Medium term investment requirement and implementing agency ....................................301
Table 152: Key assumptions ...............................................................................................................302
Table 153: Projects on PPP basis ......................................................................................................310
Table 154: Framework for Monitoring of various components in the CDP .........................................313
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxiv]]

List of Figures
Figure 1: CBUD Project components ....................................................................................................12

Figure 2: Revised CDP Preparation Methodology ................................................................................16
Figure 3: Revised CDP preparation methodology ................................................................................17
Figure 4: Inception meeting on 30th October 2013 in Panaji ................................................................23
Figure 5: Interim Level Consultation - Panaji ........................................................................................23
Figure 8: Draft Stage Consultation ........................................................................................................25
Figure 9: Draft Stage Consultation ........................................................................................................25
Figure 10: Schematic Map-Regional Setting Panaji .............................................................................27
Figure 11: Spatial Growth of Panaji over the decades .........................................................................29
Figure 12: Panaji Urban Agglomeration Area .......................................................................................31
Figure 13: Schematic Map for Regional setting and connectivity .........................................................32
Figure 14: Schematic Map for Physical Divisions in the state ..............................................................34
Figure 15: Age-sex pyramid ..................................................................................................................41
Figure 16: Migrated population details ..................................................................................................42
Figure 17: Breakup of population w.r.t migrant and resident population, North Goa............................42
Figure 18 : Population projections in various studies ...........................................................................45
Figure 19: Population projections as per various methods ...................................................................46
Figure 20: Sector-wise contribution to the state GDP ...........................................................................49
Figure 21: Per-capita Income comparison Goa-India ...........................................................................50
Figure 22: Location of commercial establishments in the city ..............................................................54
Figure 23: Spatial Growth Trends - Panaji ............................................................................................64
Figure 24: Outline Development Plan for Panaji ...................................................................................69
Figure 25: Regional growth and landuse as per Regional Plan 2021 ..................................................71
Figure 26: Regional Plan for Tiswadi Taluka ........................................................................................72
Figure 27: Water supply source for Panaji city .....................................................................................86
Figure 28: Activities involved in Solid waste Management system in Panaji CCP .............................103
Figure 29: Existing Solid waste management system in Panaji city. ..................................................104
Figure 30: Sources of waste generation .............................................................................................105
Figure 31: Regional Connectivity in the state .....................................................................................117
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxv]]

Figure 32: Schematic Map - Rail Connectivity and stations in the state .............................................119
Figure 33: Existing Ferry routes in the state .......................................................................................121
Figure 34: Airports in the state ............................................................................................................122
Figure 35: Road Hierarchy in Panaji city .............................................................................................124
Figure 36: Existing Pedestrain ways in the city...................................................................................127
Figure 37: Congested roads and junctions in the core city area .........................................................130
Figure 38: Growth of vehicles in the city (2008-2013) ........................................................................131
Figure 39: Growth of vehicles in various categories (2008-2013) ......................................................132
Figure 40: Modal Split of vehicles in the city .......................................................................................133
Figure 41: Map showing existing bus routes within the city ................................................................134
Figure 42: Allocated parking areas in Core City Area of Panaji..........................................................136
Figure 43: Traffic movement in the city (one way, two way and pedestrian) ......................................137
Figure 44: Proposed bus route for Hop on and hon off system ..........................................................140
Figure 45: Proposed on site and on street parking facility in the core city .........................................141
Figure 46: Proposed pedestrian movement in the core city ...............................................................142
Figure 47: Housing stock Condition ....................................................................................................151
Figure 48: Location of slum like pockets within the Panaji .................................................................154
Figure 49: Coastal CRZ villages in the state.......................................................................................169
Figure 50: Schematic map showing vulnerable areas and uses in Panaji due to sea water rise .......182
Figure 51: Environmentally Sensitive zones in Panaji ........................................................................185
Figure 52: Identified Heritage zones within the city ............................................................................200
Figure 53: Heritage and Tourist locations in the state ........................................................................203
Figure 54: Tourist Arrival Trend, 2008-2011 .......................................................................................209
Figure 55: Tourist Arrival Trend in state and Tiswadi taluka ...............................................................210
Figure 56: Organizational Set up of CCP, Panaji ...............................................................................217
Figure 57: Income and Expenditure pattern of CCP ...........................................................................232
Figure 58: Revenue Income (2007-12) ...............................................................................................233
Figure 59: Revenue Expenditure (2008-12)........................................................................................235
Figure 60: Thematic Representation of City Vision ............................................................................246
Figure 61: Capital investment for 2021 (figures in Rs. Crores) ...........................................................294
Figure 62: Investible Surplus - CCP ....................................................................................................304
Figure 63: Base Case Scenario ..........................................................................................................305
Figure 64: Improved Scdenario - Reforms and Grants .......................................................................306
Figure 65: Improved Scdenario – Reforms, Grants and Debt ............................................................306
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxvi]]

Figure 66: Financial capacity – Key scenarios....................................................................................307
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxvii]]

List of Annexure
Annexure 1: Wardwise Population ......................................................................................................316

Annexure 2: Proposed Water Supply components in DPR under JNNURM funding .........................317
Annexure 3: Components of DPR for BSUP.......................................................................................319
Annexure 4: List of buildings/sites surveyed & spotlisted in Panaji by TCPD, 1999-2000 .................320
Annexure 5: Minutes of Meeting for Kick Off Meeting at MoUD .........................................................326
Annexure 6: Minutes of Meeting for Inception Stage ..........................................................................328
Annexure 7: List of attendees for the Stakeholder for Interim Meeting ..............................................332
Annexure 8: Minutes of the Meeting for Draft Stage ...........................................................................334
Annexure 9: List of Attendees in Draft Meeting ..................................................................................335
Annexure 10: Staff Details in CCP ......................................................................................................336
Annexure 11: Classification of the CRZ ..............................................................................................338
Annexure 12: TAC Minutes .................................................................................................................340
Annexure 13: Details of CDP Committees ..........................................................................................343
Annexure 14: Minutes of the Meeting 23rd Jan 2015 .........................................................................344
Annexure 15: Actions Taken Report – Comments of TAC .................................................................347
Annexure 16: Actions Taken Report – CCP Comments .....................................................................355
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxviii]]

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Corporation of Panaji City (CCP) had prepared a City Development Plan (CDP) in 2007 for an
2
area of 8.12 km with a population of about 59,066. The revision of CDP for the Panaji city has been
prepared in keeping with the objectives of the CBUD project to address the major constraints of urban
development and specifically focus on the capacity building requirements for successful urban
management and poverty reduction across the selected ULBs in India.
Panaji is Municipal Corporation which is located in Tiswadi taluk of North Goa district. It is the state
capital of Goa and district head quarter of North Goa district. It was annexed by India with the rest of
Goa and the former Portuguese territories in the invasion of 1961 and became a state-capital on
Goa's elevation to statehood in 1987 and has been the administrative center from the time of
Portuguese rule. It is presently the state capital of Goa and the only urban centre in the state with the
status of Municipal Corporation. Panaji is the third largest city of the state after Margao and Vasco. In
the recent years the city has emerged as a major tourist destination in the state due to its tourism
resources, good connectivity and availability of good tourist infrastructure facilities. The growing
importance of the city as tourist destination has increased the tourism based economic activities by
many folds over the years. This has been supported by various trade and commerce establishments,
hotels and restaurants, tours and travels and tourism based art and artefacts. The city is also a major
trading center for agricultural products and other commodities coming from the neighboring smaller
towns and rural areas. The city also serves as the medical and education hub for urban and rural
areas within the district as well as state.
Panaji population accounts to 2% of the total state’s urban population and 16% of the North Goa
district urban population. The city population growth has been fluctuating over the past five decades
mostly due to the changes in the area under jurisdiction of CCP. The total population of Panaji is
40,017 as per Census 2011 which shows decline of population from Census 2001 population of
59,066. This is due to exclusion of Taleigao and Durgawado, which were part of Panaji Municipal
Council in Census 2001 are made outgrowths in Census 2011. In 2002 when Panaji gained the status
of Municipal Corporation by incorporation of the Corporation of City of Panaji Act 2002, these areas
were excluded from the jurisdiction of Panaji resulting in to reduction of population. The city receives
considerable amount of tourist population throughout the year. As per the tourist statistics for 2011,
Tiswadi taluka received 1,13,6861 tourists which comprised of 6,90,926 domestic tourists and
4,45,935 foreign tourists. Given the fact that Panaji is one of the prime tourist destinations in the taluk,
it can be assumed that the city receives maximum amount of Taluka level tourist’s arrivals throughout
the year.
The city area has been changing over the years in last five decades as a major commercial and
tourist hub apart from being the administrative capital. Panaji is one of the prime tourist attractions in
the state having good geographical setting, administrative centre, availability of good tourist
infrastructure and its good accessibility to other tourist destinations. The city’s economy thrives on
various economic activities supporting tourism sector. As per the data from Department of Tourism for
2011 the city of Panaji received 6.90 lakh domestic tourists and 4.45 foreign tourists. The tourist
arrival in the city has increased by 10% from 2008-2011 which is quite phenomenal. Hence, tourism
will remain the backbone of the state as well as the city’s economy in the coming future.
Panaji is also a major commercial and administrative centre having large portion of city under
administrative and commercial activities. As per 2011 Census, about 98% of the city population are
engaged in tertiary sector with work participation rate (WPR) of 42.56%. The commercial areas and
markets are concentrated mostly in the Northern part of the city. The core city area of Panaji has
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [1]]

evolved into the commercial area due to the tourism potential and related commercial activities. Apart
from this new commercial area have been developed in the out growth areas of the city at EDC Patto
which is emerging as administrative hub with majority of government offices and departments located
in this area.
The city of Panaji does not possess any industrial establishments; yet there are number of industries
at a range of 15 km from the city. The Corlim Industrial estate is one of the important industrial estates
located near Panaji which has about 58 industrial units that enhances the economic prospects of the
city. The city is ecologically sensitive zone and not favourable for heavy and medium industries.
Handicraft and cottage industries supporting tourism is prevalent in the city.
Given this scenario, there is need to develop physical and social infrastructure of the city, taking into
account the conservation of heritage, improvement of tourist infrastructure and preservation of the
environmental features. In light of this through participatory development of CDP for Panaji the vision
has been formulated as “To develop the city as a clean, environment friendly and ecologically
sustainable with focus on improvement of the city urban infrastructure facilities, tourist
infrastructure, conservation of the natural elements and heritage structures by adoption of
eco-friendly alternatives and techniques”
The sectors such as water supply, sewerage and sanitation, solid waste management, storm water
drainage, traffic and transportation, urban poverty and slum improvement, local economic
development, urban environment, social infrastructure, and heritage management are covered under
the development goals to realize the vision. The development goals have been framed on the basis of
priority areas, to achieve the Vision for the city and to meet the desired sector specific service level
benchmarks and indicators. Thus the sector specific development goals have been substantiated with
detailed action plan.
The project identification has been carried out on the basis of demand-gap analysis. Further, the
sector strategies and action plans have been finalized based on discussions with relevant
stakeholders. The goals and service outcomes are envisaged to be implemented by 2021 as an
immediate priority. The projects identified involve rehabilitation of existing infrastructure systems and
augmentation of the capacity to meet the demands of future population.
i) Water Supply
The city has 100% coverage w.r.t the existing roads with present supply of 198 lpcd. In case of water
supply the key problem areas for Panaji are system losses due to old and damaged distribution
pipeline network and uneven water supply distribution across the city. The present Non revenue water
losses accounts to 35%. Lack of proper water supply zoning is resulting in poor monitoring of the
water supplied and the high losses incurred. As per our assessment the city requires additional 12.25
MLD of water by the end of 2041 to meet the demand of 2041 and further city requires the additional
distribution network of 31.43 Kms. Further, to provide continuous water supply, the city would require
a storage capacity of 7.98 MLD. Majority of these components are being taken up under the DPR
prepared for improvement works of water supply system for Panaji and its surrounding areas by
PHED under JnNURM funding. Hence the investment has been identified taking into account the
projects proposed in DPR to include additional components for 2041.
ii) Sewerage and Sanitation
The key issues in case of sewerage and sanitation are lack of 100% coverage of underground
drainage (UGD) system and poor condition of the existing sewerage network. It is observed that the
present sewerage coverage in the city is adequate and has 100% coverage w.r.t the existing road
length. Only 31.3% of the households out of the total households having access to water supply have
sewerage connections. At present only 8.0 MLD (67%) of sewerage is being collected and treated in

the existing STP of 12.5 MLD. Hence, the present treatment facilities are adequate. The major natural
drains in the city are infused with the waste water and the waste by the residents affecting the flow as
well as the discharge of polluted water into the River. There are presently 29 numbers of public
conveniences with a total capacity of 171 seats located in various parts of the city. However, with the
increasing tourist influx in the city every year there is a need to provide adequate number of public
toilets at major tourist destinations within the city as well as in the core city area. As per the gap
analysis, the city requires an additional sewerage network of 31.43 km and 8.73 MLD additional
capacity of sewerage treatment plan by the end of 2041. Majority of these components are being
taken up under the DPR prepared for improvement works of sewerage system for Panaji and its
surrounding areas by PHED under JnNURM funding. Hence the investment has been identified taking
into account the projects proposed in DPR to include additional components for 2041.
iii) Solid Waste Management
The present solid waste coverage in the city is adequate and has 100% coverage w.r.t the household
coverage, collection efficiency and extent of segregation. However, the O & M of SWM has been a
major issue for the CCP with only 17.20% of collection efficiency from SWM taxes and (- 49%) of cost
recovery for private operators. The CCP has 22% of waste recovered from biodegradable and non
biodegradable waste at present. The CCP lacks adequate SWM infrastructure like composting units,
proper land fill site, SWM vehicles etc. for efficient execution of SWM system in the city. As per the
gap analysis, the city will generate additional SWM of 111.0 MT by 2041 and would require a SWM
recycling and composting land of 24 acres by 2041. The fleet capacity for transportation of the waste
to the treatment plant by 2041 will need additional 55.0 MT by 2041. Majority of these components
are being taken up under the DPR for Solid Waste Management for Panaji by CCP under JnNURM
funding. Hence the investment has been identified taking into account the projects proposed in DPR
to include additional components for 2041.
iv) Storm Water drainage
At present there is 100% coverage of SWD w.r.t the existing road network within the CCP area. The
city SWD network was laid during Portuguese period and still functional. However, there is a
persistent problem of flooding during monsoon due to high water levels in River Mandovi and
shortcomings of the present SWD system to mitigate such incidences. The present state of outfall
drains is bad with dumping of SWM and lacks proper maintenance. The city needs a proper storm
water drainage management plan which should be based on in depth study of the existing SWD
system, its carrying capacity, its surface condition and need for replacement and improvement. The
roadside drains should be aligned as per the topography and integrated to the network of major outfall
drains forming a proper drainage system within the city. As per the gap analysis, the city requires
additional 78.22 km of SWD by the end of 2021 and 90.76 km by 2041. The action plan includes
development of storm water drainage rehabilitation plan; rehabilitation of nallahs and up gradation of
roadside storm water drains. The DPR for Rehabilitation of the St. Inez drain is under preparation by
CCP which has been considered and additional components are proposed for 2041.
v) Traffic and transportation
The city has 100% coverage of Bitumen Tar (BT) surface roads. However, the total road coverage in
the city is only 3.6% of the total city area. The increasing number of private two wheelers and four
wheelers in the city over the years has elevated the traffic congestion and parking issues. The public
transport system has not been effective to the serve the mobility pattern of city hence still less
preferred. There is highly inadequate parking area in the city which is not regularized and presently
not charged. All the major roads have on-street parking, which reduces the effective right of way.
There is lack of efforts to promote pedestrian and other environment friendly mode of transportation in
the city. The city bus stand lacks good passenger and tourist facilities.

As per the gap analysis, the city requires 26.28 km of additional road network by the end of 2021.
Only 5.16 km of road network needs surface improvement from BT to CC by 2041. Majority of the
components are being taken up under the Comprehensive Mobility Plan (CMP) for Panaji by CCP
under JnNURM funding. Hence the investment has been identified taking into account the projects
proposed in CMP to include additional components for 2041.
vi) Housing and Basic Services for urban poor
The present housing stock in the city has 99% of the houses under good and livable category. The
city of Panaji does not have identified slums within the city limits. However, there are few urban poor
pockets located mostly in the low lying areas along the major drains. The problems with urban poor
are manifold in a context of Panaji due to absence of proper authentic database and authorisation.
There are issues regarding tenure of land, provision of infrastructure, education and awareness,
health and sanitation, social problems of caste and religion. The key challenge is provision of
affordable housing to the urban poor. Further, the service levels should be improved such that the
proposed housing schemes should have water supply, sewerage, door-to-door waste collection, CC
roads, and street lighting facilities. The strategy outlined focuses on achieving by 2021, 100%
housing for the urban poor; access to water supply, open drains, sanitation, 100% coverage of CC
roads to UGD Access to health and education facilities.
The action plan include study and assessment of the urban poor pockets in the city and rehabilitation
of urban poor through development of pucca housing, construction of housing, providing access to
physical infrastructure and social amenities as well as livelihood restoration through activity centers
and skill development programme. Majority of the components are being taken up under the Basic
Services for Urban Poor (BSUP) for Panaji by CCP under JnNURM funding. Hence the investment
has been identified taking into account the projects proposed in BSUP to include additional
components for 2041.
i) Social infrastructure
The city is well equipped with social amenities like educational facilities, health facilities, fire fighting
services, markets, commercial buildings, sports facilities and city level parks. Being a major tourist
hub it has access to all major amenities. About 10% of the total city area is under parks and
playground while 10% is under commercial use. The key challenge in social and cultural infrastructure
sector is the lack of development of the existing recreational and open spaces and inadequate area
allotted for wholesale markets due to which the core city area faces congestion. The requirement for
development of schools, hospitals, socio cultural facilities and parks and playgrounds has been
assessed as per the URDPFI guidelines.
vii) Urban environment, Disaster management and Climate change
The city is located in the CRZ zone and has been ecologically sensitive zone. At present due to high
urbanisation and land reclamation for development has been causing threats to the existence of the
ecosystem within the city. This may lead to deterioration of the natural features and lower the city’s
resilience to various natural disasters which will erupt as a result of climate change. This will not only
affect the city infrastructure facilities but also to the residents of the city. The city prone to natural
disasters like earthquake and monsoon induced floods. The floods are a major concern due to the
city’s topography and increasing rise in mean sea level.
Apart from this, practice of on-site sanitation system with septic tank / soak pit is contaminating the
ground water and water bodies as ground water table is high in the city area. The city is prone to high
levels of noise as well as air pollution especially in the core area due high influx of vehicular
movement, commercial activities and pedestrian movement. The city also faces high risk of fire
accidents in the core city areas like core city and adjoining heritage areas.

The action plan includes mapping and preparation of GIS based database of ecological features and
eco sensitive zones, eviction of encroachments along the water bodies, implementing pollution
mitigation policies and strategies, take up energy conservation and diligent impact assessment and
monitoring for infrastructure projects.
The cope up with the natural and manmade disasters in the city, establishment of Disaster
management cell at CCP with emergency response system has been proposed. Various climate
change mitigation measures which mainly includes primary enabling and supporting considerations
like institutional and regulatory frameworks, financing mechanisms, and capacity-building, which
would be required for planning of new infrastructure or retrofitting/climate proofing of the existing one.
viii) Heritage Management
The city is spotted as one of the most attractive tourist destinations in India. Panaji is known for its
Indo-Portuguese cultural heritage having a number of heritage structures, buildings, monuments and
sites of significant importance. The city houses several beautiful residential, institutional buildings
having rich architectural heritage. The DPR for Heritage Conservation has been prepared by CCP
which includes detail assessment of the city heritage and proposals for development and
conservation of the identified areas. Hence the investment has been identified taking into account the
projects proposed in DPR to include additional components for 2041.
i) Tourism sector development
As discussed earlier the city is the heartthrob for various tourism activities being the state’s major
tourist hub. The city’s good connectivity in the state, availability of good tourist infrastructure and
varied tourist attractions has been major factors for its popularity. To enhance the local tourism
potential of the city, development of the river side road from ferry point, improvement of the CCP level
parks, improvement of hill steps at Cortini, improvement of the Dona Paula area and provision of
signage for tourist circuit.
CCPs Financial Assessment
Revenue Income of CCP has a CAGR of approximately 15.9% over the analysis period (2007-08 to
2011- 12). Property tax is the major contributor to tax revenue which accounts to 57% of tax revenue
followed by sign board/hoarding tax and trade and occupation tax is 38% and 33% respectively. Own
revenues accounted for 76.94% of the total revenue while only 13.18% was accounted by the
revenue grants which are mainly from the state finance commission.
The revenue expenditure of CCP can be divided into four categories viz. General administration and
tax collection, operations and maintenance, public health and convenience and sanitation and debt
servicing. The public health and convenience is major contributor for expenditure with 76.6% share
followed by expenditure on general administration and charges with 20.9% share. The operating ratio
of CCP has improved from 1.34 in 2007-08 to 1.08 in 2011-12 owing to higher growth rate of the
revenue income (15.9%) than the revenue expenditure (9.9%).
Capital account comprises of the capital grants receipts from various Central and state government
funding. Over the period starting 2007-08 to 2011-12, CCP received capital grants worth Rs. 1774.67
lakhs from various sources. CCP has not taken any loans or municipal bonds during the review
period. Therefore, the capital income consists of only capital grants received from various sources.
The capital account of Panaji CCP for the 2011-12 is showing surplus funds. The total capital
expenditure over the period of last five years is 1215.89 lakhs against the total capital grants receipts
of Rs 1774.67 lakhs with only 69% utilisation of the funds. The capital grants are utilised mostly for
solid waste management, traffic and transportation, water body, basic service to urban poor, heritage/
tourism conservation, urban renewal and urban governance projects.

The investment requirement have been identified to implement the sectoral action plans and included
in the city investment plan (CIP). CIP is prepared in line with the identified vision for the city through a
comprehensive process of gap assessment and through stakeholder consultation. This assessment
has also based on identified sector specific strategies, implementation actions, and associated
reforms with specific inputs from stakeholders too. The strategies adopted primarily have three
dimensions: improving the service delivery by efficiency measures, improving service delivery by
creating infrastructure assets: and improving the governance aspects. The total estimated capital
investment required for providing efficient services to the present population and future population of
the city by the year 2041 is Rs. 2670.77 crores. A total investment of Rs. 2025.96 Crores is proposed
for to be undertaken by 2020-21 to cater to infrastructure requirement. The table below presents the
summary of sector-wise total investment need and investments.
Sr no Sector Short Term Long Term Total

(Rs.Crores) (Rs.Crores) (Rs.Crores)
1 Water Supply 93.56 4.60 98.16
2 Sewerage & Sanitation 153.47 38.31 192.53
3 Urban Roads, Traffic & Transport 988.24 364.66 1,352.90
4 Storm Water Drains 243.81 - 243.81
5 Street Lights 133.36 116.50 249.86
6 Solid Waste Management 138.81 - 138.81
7 Urban Environment and Disaster Management 63.00 - 63.00
8 Urban Governance 29.29 2.50 31.79
9 Tourism and Heritage 147.90 100.00 247.90
10 Social Infrastructure 23.50 10.50 34.00
11 Housing and Urban Poverty alleviation 11.00 7.00 18.00
Total 2,025.96 644.07 2,670.77
The sectors of tourism, heritage, traffic and transportation, have been given the highest priority.
Hence, 61.71% of the total investment (54.45% for transport and 7.62% for Tourism and Heritage)
has been earmarked towards the projects under these sectors. This is followed by the sectors of
water supply (3.92%), sewerage and sanitation (7.58%), urban environment and disaster
management (2.52%), and solid waste management (5.50%).
Corporation of Panaji (CCP) – CCP would be responsible for design, construction, operation and
maintenance of solid waste management system, development works proposed for urban poor
section, enhancement of the urban governance system, conservation of the city level ecologically
sensitive areas and provision of city level infrastructures viz. public toilets, commercial markets,
parking facilities, improvement of city level parks etc. CCP would be the implementing agency for the
Projects identified in the above mentioned sectors. In the overall investment, CCP has to contribute
17.03% of total investment.
Public Health and Engineering Department, Goa (PHED) – It would be responsible for design,
construction, operation, and maintenance of water supply and sewerage system. PHED would be the
implementing agency for the projects identified in the above mentioned sectors. In the overall
investment, PHED has to contribute 12.92% of total investment.
Public Works Department (PWD) / Goa State Infrastructure Development Corporation (GSIDC)
– It would be responsible for design, construction, operation, and maintenance of the city roads as

well as the design and construction of new strom water drains within the city. PWD / GSIDC will be
implementing agency for the proposed projects for provision of new roads, improvement of surface
condition of existing roads and improvement of the SWD system in the city. In the overall investment,
PWD has to contribute 38.55% of total investment.
Goa State Electricity Board (GSEB) - It would be responsible for design, construction, operation,
and maintenance of street lights within the city. GSEB would be the implementing agency for the
projects identified for improvement of street lighting system within the city. In the overall investment,
GSEB has to contribute 7.18% of total investment.
Water Resource Department (WRD) / Goa State Infrastructure Development Corporation
(GSIDC) - It would be responsible for operation, and maintenance of major drains in the city. WRD /
GSIDC would be the implementing agency for the projects identified for improvement of major SWD
within the city. In the overall investment, WSD has to contribute 7.74% of total investment.
Kadamaba Transport Corporation (KTC) - KTC would be responsible for procurement, operation
and maintenance of public transport system within the city. It would be the implementing agency for
the projects identified for improvement of the public transport system and infrastructure within the city.
In the overall investment, WSD has to contribute 10.48% of total investment.
Department of Tourism (DoT), Goa – DoT would be responsible for construction, operation and
maintenance of tourist points within the city. Hence DoT has been identified as responsible agency for
the tourism development projects identified in the CDP. In the overall investment, DoT has to
contribute 4.23% of the total investment.
Department of Health and Education – The state department for education and health would be
responsible for development of the education and health facilities identified as per the URDPFI
guidelines. In the overall investment, the education department has to contribute 0.27% of the total
investment and health department has to contribute 0.16% of the total investment.
River Navigation Department (RND): The river navigation department of the state government as it
does would be required to support the stakeholders of the city development through updradation and
development of new ferry routes to and fro from the city. The RND would be required to undertake
0.27% of the total identified investments for updgaration of the water ways to and fro from the city.
Goa Traffic Cell: The traffic cell in the state of Goa plays a very critical role in the management of
traffic in the city during the peak tourist influx seasons. During the consultations with the traffic cell
and other officials involved in traffic and transport management in the city, various projects to be
implemented by the Traffic cell emerged and the same has been considered in this CDP. In the
overall investments at the city level it is envisaged that the Traffic Cell would need to contribute
towards improvement of junctions, traffic calming measures, online traffic management etc. and the
cell would need to contribute 0.6% of the total identified investment.
Implementing Short Term (Till 2021) Total Investment (Till 2041)

Agency
Investment % of Total Investment % of Total
Estimated Estimated
PHED 239.95 11.84% 280.61 11%
PWD 716.00 35.34% 1,059.46 40%
CCP 319.82 15.79% 332.32 12%
WRD 251.81 12.43% 251.81 9%
DoE 5.00 0.25% 5.00 0%

Implementing Short Term (Till 2021) Total Investment (Till 2041)

Agency
Estimated Estimated
DoH 3.00 0.15% 3.00 0%
DoF 15.50 0.77% 26.00 1%
DoT 139.90 6.91% 239.90 9%
KTC 184.70 9.12% 193.70 7%
GSEB 133.36 6.58% 249.86 9%
RND 5.71 0.28% 7.91 0%
Traffic Cell 11.20 0.55% 21.20 1%
Total 2,025.96 100% 2,670.77 100%
CCP Investment capacity and Financial Operating Plan

An attempt had been made to assess the investment capacity of CCP is assessed through a financial
operating plan (FOP), which gives a multi-year forecast of finances for the medium term. In line with
the phasing of identified projects in the capital investment (CIP), the FOP has been generated for the
same period for CCP. A salient feature of the FOP is that all outstanding dues, including debt and
non-debt liabilities if any, are also taken into account. Accordingly, the annual accounts of CCP for the
period between the financial years 2008-09 and 2012-13 were used to determine past trends for both
revenue and expenditure items and to arrive at appropriate growth assumptions for each of the
income and expense items. After forecasting the revenue account, the CIP has been loaded on to
cash flow. The FOP is generated to assess the investment sustaining capacity of CCP.
The project funding structure comprises grants under the New Urban Renewal Mission framework
(accounting for 70% of the funding as per JNNURM-I structure has been assumed); internal surplus
and debt are considered to meet the balance fund requirement. The level of investment that CCP can
sustain is determined by studying the overall surpluses/year-to-year opening balance and debt-
service coverage ratio (DSCR). A spread sheet FOP model has been customized to depict the
financial position of CCP. The investment sustaining capacity of CCP is assessed based on the FOP
assumptions. The model was used to calculate the overall surpluses under various scenarios
involving combinations of internal revenue improvement, state support, financing terms, etc.
Given the existing financial position of CCP, the revenue and capital accounts of CCP are
projectedagainst the growth scenario. The FOP is generated from the sustainable investment point of
view in line with the current growth trends against the identified investment. The overall city level
investment estimated is Rs. 2670.77 crores (on constant prices). However, since the CCP is not
providing all urban services in the city, the share of investment from in the total investment for the city
is Rs. 319.80 Crores (on constant prices). The investment sustainability has been assessed for the
CCP considering that CCP would be required to undertake the investments to the tune of Rs. 319.80
Crores and the remaining investment would be undertaken by the respective department providing
and managing the city level services.
It is observed that without any grant support, CCP can implement capital projects with an investment
size of Rs 111.15 Crores. Based on the availability of grants (if only on 90% basis), CCP can take up
priority projects in the area of de-congestion of the city, solid waste management and public sanitation
up to Rs. 240.43 Crores. However, as per the assessment it is observed that the CCP would be in a
position to undertake investments to the tune of Rs. 319.80 Crores (100% of the investments to be

made by the CCP) if the suggested reforms are implemented and it would receive the grants from the
newurban development mission of the central government.
Given the importance of Panaji in the region, it is very important to improve the basic infrastructure
facilities to attract the investment and industries in the city and further to boost the economic
development in the region. Therefore, CCP should aim to implement the improved revenues and
reduced expenditures in order to generate revenue surplus to increase the investment capacity. The
increased investment capacity of the CCP clubbed with grant support for state and central
governments will enable CCP to take up larger projects. Following key steps to be taken by CCP to
achieve the improved case scenario investment:
 On immediate basis, reforms are to be implemented in property tax to improve the coverage
and collection efficiency; the reforms could be policy levels change to streamline the
department.
 CCP should levy the user charges on SWM services – CCP may explore this initiative as part
of property tax.
 Identify additional revenue generating ventures on immediate basis.
 CCP should explore the outsourcing of certain function to reduce establishment expenditure.
 CCP should curtail the regular capital expenditure over the next 5-10 years. CCP should take
up only priority works in wards.
 CCP should explore the PPP route to implement either the projects or project components.
Thus the CDP embodies the approach methodology and implementation action which can facilitate
the development of Panaji. However to facilitate this there is also need to streamline and strengthen
the institutional arrangements to implement the development plan. In this context it is important that
requisite institutions system and capacities are in place. The CCP has over the years undertaken
several initiatives to reform the urban governance and implement reforms at the city level. However,
there is need to further and deepen these initiatives, these and associated aspects are also discussed
in the report.

2. PROJECT BACKGROUND
2.1 Context
The need for an overall urban improvement and development to sustain the economic growth
momentum post the liberalization era first found its expression in the mandate of JnNURM launched
by the Government of India in 2005. The project endeavored to bring about an improvement in urban
quality of life and make them as investment destinations. The programme derived its initial rationale
from the “National Common Minimum Programme” of the Government of India that laid stress on
expansion of physical infrastructure and therefore, comprehensive urban renewal and slum
development could be taken up. The second rationale for such a large scale programme was derived
from India’s International commitment to achieving the Millennium Development Goals and therefore,
the Government of India (GoI) proposed to
 Facilitate investments in the urban sector; and
 Strengthen the existing policies in order to achieve these goals.
In recognition to the above mandate, the JnNURM programme was conceived. The scale of the
programme was aimed to be in a mission mode primarily to make the cities to realize their full
potential and become engines for growth. It was opined that the urban sector contributes to over 50%
of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and therefore, focused attention is required for urban
infrastructure development.
As already mentioned above, the JnNURM is the first flagship national programme for urban
development of this nature and size by the Government of India. The programme sought to bring
about a change in the very manner of looking at urban development. It recognized the importance of
two major aspects for urban development in the country including
 the need for urban infrastructure improvement in order to improve quality of life and
sustain the local economy as well as to attract more investments; and
 the need for investment for carrying out the urban infrastructure improvements.
In doing the above, the programme brought about the necessary awareness among the Urban Local
bodies (ULBs) for planning and implementation of projects, need for systematizing the urban services
and their management, the need for involving stakeholders in project planning and raising revenues
for the urban areas that can sustain the urban infrastructure. Significant emphasis was given to urban
governance reforms and the need to link reforms with investments. Assistance therefore, to the state
governments and ULBs was proposed to flow through a reforms linked plan. Introduction of such
reforms were considered crucial for developing sustainable infrastructure that would include,
 efficient management of created physical assets so as to increase self-sustainability
and
 enhance efficient service delivery.
Both these aspects were to be achieved through the agenda of reforms in the cities.
Progress
Over the past seven years, the programme has committed over Rs 286 billion for 552 projects
involving a total investment of over Rs 620 billion. Some of the key achievements of the project
include:

 The mission has been successful in catalyzing multi-year investments and reformed
development in urban infrastructure.
 There has been visible improvement in the delivery of municipal services in many cities.
 Some cities have prepared development/master plans for the first time. There is also greater
awareness in the ULBs for the need to develop systematic plans for improvement in
infrastructure. There is also an increase in aspiration levels among communities and there is
a demand for better infrastructure and services.
 Several projects especially in transport sector have been taken up within the JnNURM
framework that has significantly improved the quality of life in the cities.
 There has been good progress in implementation of reforms at policy level at state and
central level. Most of the states have framed their policies on reforms and started
implementing the same. ULBs have started implementing the reforms in the areas of
accounting and e-governance.
While there has been significant change in the urban sector due to JnNURM at the same there has
been challenges which needs to be addressed going forward.
 CDP was seen as an investment plan for projects in the immediate term and not as a vision
document for the city with very limited cities revising the same.
 While preparing the CDP, consultations with the stakeholders was limited and mostly
restricted to the line departments and parastatal agencies.
 The pace of project execution has been found to be slow. Some states have been able to
take greater advantage of the programme than others.
 Cities have also not been very successful in leveraging JnNURM funds to raise finances on
their own or to attract private or PPP-based investment.
 The ULBs are not in a position to take over all the functions mentioned under 12th schedule
of 74th CAA at present. Most ULBs are also not in a position to take over functions like roads
and bridges, water supply sewerage, drainage and urban forestry due to their present
incapacity to do so.
 Institutional strengthening and capacity buildings initiatives are yet to initiate in most of the
ULBs. Most of the ULBs are facing capacity related issues such as lack of staff (staff
recruitment has not been carried since long)
The Planning Commission of
Government of India, through a
committee has devised a framework
for JnNURM-II. This framework has
been prepared after studying and
analyzing the success and challenges
arising from JnNURM-I and the
initiatives taken by other Ministries in
Urban Development.
The High Powered Expert Committee
(HPEC) report further identified about
Rs 39 lakhs crores of investment in
infrastructure in the urban areas of
India.

2.2 Revised CDP under CBUD Project
2.2.1 CBUD Programme

In order to give an impetus to reforms under JnNURM, the MoUD and Ministry of Housing and Urban
Poverty Alleviation (MoHUPA) have launched a new project called “Capacity Building of Urban
Development” (CBUD). The project has been launched with support from The World Bank (WB). The
GoI has received the financing from the WB/International Development Association (IDA) towards
CBUD project. The broad aim of the CBUD project is to address the major constraints of urban
development and specifically focus on the capacity building requirements for successful urban
management and poverty reduction across the selected ULBs in India.
The project will contribute to GoI’s overarching objective of creating economically productive, efficient,
equitable and responsive cities. Achieving this objective, will help sustain high rates of economic
growth, accelerate poverty reduction, and improve services, especially to the urban poor. The project
has following three components:
Figure 1: CBUD Project components
Capacity Building of Urban

Development
Capacity Building for

Capacity Building for
Effective Urban Poverty
Strengthened Urban Implementation Support
Monitoring and
Management
Alleviation
Capacity Building for Strengthened Urban Management - This component is aligned with the
infrastructure and governance sub-mission of JNNURM and will thus support technical assistance
across the several urban management topics.
Capacity Building for Effective Urban Poverty Monitoring and Alleviation - These capacity
building initiatives are aligned with the basic services to the urban poor sub-mission. They reflect the
need for building information systems, sharing experiences, and designing strategies on urban
poverty alleviation.
Implementation Support - This component will support a National Project Management Unit (PMU)
for providing overall technical and managerial support during the implementation of the Programme.
The PMU will have critical role in promoting and supporting the project.
2.2.2 Preparation of Revised CDP under CBUD Programme

In order to identify broader issues for intervention and areas of assistance pertaining to development
of city, City Development Plans (CDPs) which were already available for most of the cities under the

JnNURM are required to be revised as per the revised CDP Guidelines (April 2013) issued by Ministry
of Urban Development.
The MoUD has identified 30 numbers of cities across India under the CBUD project to facilitate this
support. Further, MoUD invited proposals from various consultants for preparation of CDPs for these
cities. This responsibility was entrusted to CRISIL Risk & Infrastructure Solutions, Mumbai.
2.3 Revised CDP Guidelines – Key Areas of Emphasis

The revised guidelines issued by MoUD further incorporate additional aspects which broadly are as
follows and these aspects shall be covered while preparing both the Fresh and Revised CDP.
 Formation of CDP Committees – Policy and Technical

 Inclusion of Heritage, Health and Education sector in the CDP
 Stress on infrastructure management aspects
 Outcome parameters of projects
 Revenue enhancement initiative, Expenditure management initiatives and Asset management
initiatives
 Special emphasis on PPP projects
 Transit oriented development.
Apart from the above points, some of the other key areas of importance in the revised guidelines are
as follows.
2.3.1 Vision Led Planning

The revised guidelines specify that unlike the past CDPs the vision for city need to be more detailed.
They need to be based on understanding the SWOT for the city as well as the needs and priorities of
the people of the city. The people must be encouraged at workshops and consultation sessions to
visualize their future of the city, their aspirations and the consequent growth that they anticipate in the
city. This vision finally can be translated into respective sectoral visions.
2.3.2 Resource based planning

Every city in India in the context of its regional location has particular strengths in terms of its resource
endowments. Such resources need to be assessed and their strengths realized for city development.
The approach for plan preparation could be: a) national resource led planning for cities endowed with
natural resources like water bodies) OR b) Economy based (for an industrial or trading city), OR c)
Tourism based for heritage cities OR d) combination of the above. This helps in settling the city apart
from the rest. This approach can be identified based on:
a) Existing city strengths and its opportunities,
b) Regional role of city in the context of state development, and
c) Needs of the city.
2.3.3 Participatory Approach

As already mentioned above, the revised CDP guidelines have specified that the CDP be treated as a
“living document”. For this periodic revision and updation of the CDP is necessary. Such revisions
have to and must be conducted with a participatory planning approach. The CDP outlines that Local
area plans need to be prepared in consultation with the ward committees to fulfill the expectations of
the citizens. Also, the guidelines specify that such an approach is necessary to ensure equity
concerns and poverty issues to be integrated in the CDP. Consultations also need to be carried out at
every stage of the plan preparation and implementation. The citizens must be able to prioritize and
choose their needs for infrastructure development.
2.3.4 Equity concerns, poverty and local economy development

Poverty and local economy development go hand in hand. Understanding of the local economy would
help in devising appropriate infrastructure development strategies that can help in/be conducive to the
growth of local economy and thereby nurture local talent and resources. These need to be given
adequate focus in the present CDP exercises and therefore help in not just local economy
development but also in regional economy development.
th
The 12 five year plan has also started a mission for National Poverty Alleviation (NUPAM) for
targeting housing and poverty alleviation based on recommendations of the NUPAM identifying the
issues of poverty and housing in city and implementation status of programmes such as RAY, IHSDP
etc. Integration of these aspects would be crucial in making the CDP relevant to state and central
government policies.
2.3.5 Capacity Building in ULB

The ULBs presently face serious human resource shortage for planning, development and urban
management activities (including operations and maintenance, monitoring and evaluation, financial
management and procurement). This issue has been highlighted by the study on appraisal of
JnNURM projects as well. The guidelines have proposed that the CDPs must address this issue as to
the gaps in such capacity can be addressed.
Also, it has been suggested in the guidelines that urban reforms need to be done with greater
participatory approach. The strategies to arrive at the vision for the city should be linked to the reform
agenda. ULBs should be asked to furnish the reforms and propose a time line to achieve the same.
Administrative and structural reform should be made mandatory and carried out as soon as possible.
Financial thresholds need to be decided and adhered to in terms of the central assistance under
JnNURM being given as a soft loan or a grant. This approach would help in designing an appropriate
capacity building strategy.
2.3.6 Sectoral Action Plans with Goal Oriented Targets

The revised guideline specifically also lay out the need for preparation of sectoral action plans that
have targets that are oriented towards specific goals. Action plans are specifically required for sectors
including Local Economic Development Plan, Infrastructure Development Action Plan, Housing and
poverty alleviation action plan, City Mobility Plan, Heritage Management Plan (Where needed),
Financial Management Plan, Institutional and Capacity Building Action Plan and Environment
Management Plan (including disaster management). Such sectoral plans would be based on clearly
identified goals. Also, inter-sectoral as well as intra-sectoral linkages need to be addressed through
the CDP.

2.3.7 Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements

The guideline clearly spells out the need for monitoring and evaluation at regular intervals as to the
extent of implementation of the CDP. Also, development of such monitoring arrangements would go a
long way in securing community participation who can be involved in the process of monitoring.
2.4 Objective of the Assignment

The CDP aims to identify an integrated solution to the challenges facing the city. It recognizes the
economic growth strategy as well as the actions that would be required by various agencies to ensure
the sustainable development of the city. The CDP is the ULB’s strategy that presents the vision of a
desired future for the city, and the mission statements on how the ULB, together with other
stakeholders, intends to work towards achieving this long-term vision. The City Development Plan
incorporates the assessment of city on majorly four levels: Socio Cultural and Economic Environment;
Physical Environment; Infrastructure Services and Institutions; Urban Poverty and Heritage.
The primary objective of this assignment is – to revise and update the existing CDP.
The scope of work in brief shall entail –
 Profiling the present status of the city, giving an in-depth analysis of its demographic,
economic, financial, infrastructure, physical, environmental and institutional aspects
 Based on the above analysis, the consultant shall develop a perspective and a vision for the
city, which would be prepared in consultation with its relevant stakeholders. In order to
achieve the vision, a formulation strategy for bridging the gap between where the city is at
present and where it wishes to reach need to be prepared.
 The CDP should provide for a City Investment Plan (CIP), based on which the concerned
ULB will be able to access funds under central/ state government schemes as well as from
own and other sources based on priority actions and projects identified in the CDP.
 The document should also provide Financial Operating Plan (FOP) to direct the ULBs for
mobilizing various financial resources to implement the identified projects. The inter-sectoral
and intra-sectoral issues need to be addressed by the CDP.
 Preparation of the CDP will consist of city development strategies that will emerge out of a
structured consultative process. The process will enable elected representatives, key staff of
departments of Municipal Corporation/ Municipal Council, Parastatal agencies and other
institutions, policy makers and the citizens to participate and plan for spatial, social and
economic development of the concern cities.
 The CDP has to adhere to the latest revised toolkit prepared by the MoUD for CDP
preparation published on its website www.jnnurm.nic.in in Dec 2009 or later.
2.5 Approach and Methodology

“This section would provide the proposed approach, methodology, and work plan to execute this
assignment. Our approach to the assignment is based on the objectives to be achieved from the
study and our experience of undertaking similar nature of assignments with ULBs in the country”
The approach to the assignment is based on consultative and analytical assessment of the existing
situation. The inputs from stakeholders have been used to prioritize areas of development and to
formulate the strategies in order to make the revised CDP an implementable document.

The methodology for undertaking the work of preparation of Revised CDP is provided in the figure
below. Broadly there are five stages in a sequential order to undertake this work. Each of the task and
the detail components are further discussed in detail in this chapter.
Figure 2: Revised CDP Preparation Methodology
The Revised CDP is prepared for the period of next 30 years, i.e. 2041. It will be a forward-looking
consensus program for the city that outlines the path with respect to the following aspects;
 Infrastructure Development – Assessment, gap analysis, arriving at investment requirement
(short term and long term) and prioritization of various services provided by Municipal
Corporation - water supply, sewerage, storm water drainage, roads, traffic & transportation,
street-lighting, solid waste management, firefighting, education, health, etc.
 Slum Development – Prepare a programme for the development of slum pockets in the city.
This includes access to all the basic services as well as housing for urban poor.
 Economic Development – The revised CDP will focus critically on tapping the existing
potential and identifying key economic development opportunities for the city.
 Social Development – The revised CDP will take into account the social development needs
of the city such as the need for hospitals, education institutes, and recreational centers.
 Institutional Development – Assessment of capacity-building required for ULBS to
undertake development of city.
 Financial sustainability - The revised CDP will assess the revenue sources, areas of
expenditure and current and future investment requirement of the city. Based on this, it would
arrive at a sustainable investment capacity and would suggest measures to improve revenues
and control expenditures.
 Reform Assessment plan – The revised CDP will also discuss status of various reforms
undertaken by the ULBS to bring about improvements. These reforms are in the areas of
accounting, e-governance, property tax, user changes, building byelaws, etc.
Moreover, the approach is based on the philosophy of developing workable solutions. The
methodology for undertaking the work of preparation of Revised CDP is provided in the figure below.
Broadly there are five stages in a sequential order to undertake this work.

Figure 3: Revised CDP preparation methodology

1st Step
Inception meeting
2nd Step
Data collection as required for CDP
Committee Formation
CDB Policy
Committee Review of 1st Generation CDP
CDP Technical
Committee Submission of Inception Report
3rd Step City level Assessment, SWOT Analysis, Review of SLB

indicators and ongoing projects & reforms
Stakeholder
Submission of Interim Report Meeting
4th Step Preparation of FOP and CIP, framing Vision, Goals, Identification of
priority sectors and identification of Infrastructure projects.
Submission of Draft Report
5th Step
Stakeholder
Final City Development Plan Meeting
2.6 Brief on 1st Generation CDP

The Corporation of the city of Panaji (CCP) had prepared a City Development Plan (CDP) in 2007 for
2
an area of 8.12 km with a population of about 59,066.The CDP has been prepared by CCP under the
guidance of the policy committee which was formulated in 2007. The policy committee had 30 ward
members and headed by the Mayor of CCP. The CDP was prepared after thorough consultation with
technical experts, local stakeholdersand academicians. However, the CDP was not been finalized and
was not placed for approval from state and central government.
The project proposals for the city were developed on the basis of the vision set for the city. It was
“To develop Panaji as a city that is environmentally and economically sustainable, a city that is a
mixture of heritage and modernity, a city that cares for its citizen, a city that cares for its tourist, a city
that maintains it culture, a city that provide high quality infrastructure services and facilities, a well-
managed clean, green and safe city that provides and better present and bright future to its people.”
2.6.1 Projects proposed in 1st generation CDP

The CDP envisaged projects along with the strategic direction for the city to achieve the vision as well
as to improve the urban services in the city. The projects were finalized based on the stakeholder
consultations. The projects were identified in the sectors of water supply, sewerage, storm water
drainage, SWM, roads and basic services to urban poor.
The estimated investment for the projects was Rs. 286.55 crores. The water supply sector accounted
for 26% while urban environment accounted to 25% of the total investment followed by traffic and
transportation, solid waste management, tourism, street lighting and GIS mapping. The Table below
st
shows the break up of investment under various sectors proposed under the 1 generation CDP .

st
Table 1: Investment Envisaged in 1 Generation CDP
S. No Sector Investment (Rs in crores) Investment (%)

1 Water Supply 74.80 26
2 Sewerage and Sanitation 14.08 5
3 Solid Waste Management 19.08 7
4 Storm Water Drains 4.50 2
5 Traffic and Transportation 36.15 13
6 Urban Environment 70.40 25
7 Basic Services for Urban Poor 10.00 3
8 Tourism 18.42 6
9 Street Light 18.40 6
10 Urban Renewal 1.10 0
11 Urban Governance 1.37 0
12 GIS 18.26 6
Total Cost 286.55 100
Source: CDP 2006, Panaji
The investment allocation shows maximum preference given to water supply and urban environment.
It is followed by traffic and transportation, urban governance, street lighting, GIS mapping and tourism
and heritage. The critical urban infrastructure such as storm water drainage, solid waste management
and basic services for urban poor has been considered cruicial in the CDP proposed.
2.6.1.1 Existing Status
The total investment envisaged in Panaji CCP was about Rs 286.55 crores. CCP further prepared the
Detail Project Report (DPR) for the projects identified in the CDP and submitted to the Ministry of
Urban Development (MoUD) for approval. Five projects had been approved and sanctioned under
JNNURM funding.
The first project is for the improvement of water supply system in the city and its surrounding areas
which has been approved and recently taken for implemention by the state PWD. (Rs. 71.22 crores).
Apart from this, Detail project reports for implementation of E-governance component for CCP (19.79
crores), Heritage Conservation (Rs 3.91 crores), Solid waste management plan (Rs 34.54 crores) and
Basic Services for Urban Poor (Rs 10.20 crores) has been approved under the Goa State’s urban
development program and MoUD. Apart from the proposed works under DPR for water supply, all the
st
other four projects approved as per the 1 generation CDP has not been implemented till date. Apart
from these five DPRs, a DPR for Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Panaji and DPR for Urban Renewal
were also prepared by CCP and sent to MoUD for approval. The DPR for Urban Renewal was sent
back by MoUD stating to be a medium priority considering the need of the city while the
Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Panaji has not yet approved. The Table below lists the status of the
st
projects proposals prepared under the 1 generation CDP.

Table 2: Status of projects prosed under the 1st Generation CDP
S. Sector Proposed Project Approved Status

No. Projects Cost in by SLSC
lakhs
1 Storm water DPR on St. 2774.0 26/7/2013 Forwarded to MoUD
drainage system Nallah/Creek in on 8/8/2013 for
Panaji approval
2 Traffic and Comprehensive 74291.0 26/7/2013 Forwarded to MoUD
Transportation Mobility Plan for on 8/8/2013 for
Panaji city approval
3 Urban Renewal DPR for Urban 38.10 22/2/2010 MoUD has returned
Renewal stating its of medium
priority.
4 Solid Waste DPR for Solid 3453.58 26/7/2013 Submitted to MoUD
Management Waste Mgmt. on 21/10/2013
5 Heritage DPR for 39.18 22/02/2010 DPR approved by
Heritage MoUD and it was
Conservation tendered by CCP.
However, not yet
taken up for
implementation
6 Urban Poor DPR for Basic 1020.0 22/02/2010 DPR approved but
Services to asked to prepare
Urban Poor detail estimates
which is under
progress
7 Urban DPR for e 1979.17 22/02/2010 DPR approved by
Governance Governance MoUD and it was
tendered by CCP.
However, not yet
taken up for
implementation
Source: CCP, Panaji
2.6.1.2 Need for revision of CDP
The rational for revising/ updating the CDP is to revisit and examine the extent to which CCP and the
concerned authorities have been able to implement the envisaged plan and also identify the
development agenda going forward in discussion with stakeholders. The MoUD has further revised
the guidelines for preparation of CDP; hence, the revised CDP shall further look into the changes/
additions suggested in the guidelines.
2.7 Brief on Various Studies Undertaken by CCP

Apart from the CDP prepared by the CCP, it has also undertaken various following studies in the
recent past. These studies are in the areas of heritage conservation, improvement of the traffic and
transportation systems in the city, climate change and improvement of basic infrastructure services.
The Table below lists the various studies undertaken by CCP till date.

Table 3: Various studies undertaken by CCP
Area of Study Description of the study

Traffic and Transportation  Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Panaji
 Decongestion model prepared by Charles Correa Foundation
(CCF)
 DPR on Public Bicycle Sharing (PBS) system for Panaji
prepared by Embark, India
Solid waste management  City Sanitation Plan for Panaji
and Sanitation  DPR for Solid Waste Management prepared by CCP
Urban Poor  DPR for Basic Services for Urban Poor
 Urban Vulnerability Assessment Report for Panaji, ICLEI
 Climate Resilient infrastructure services Case study brief:
Panaji
Climate Change
 Planning Climate Resilient Coastal Cities: Learnings from
Panaji and Visakhapatnam, India, prepared by TERI
 Solar City Master Plan for Panaji
 DPR for water supply system in Panaji and its surrounding
areas prepared by PHED
Urban Infrastructure  DPR for development of St. Inez nallah prepared by CCP and
GSIDC
 Infrastructure Master plan for Panaji prepared by GSIDC
 Outline Development Plan for Panaji, NGPDA and TCPD
Urban Planning  Regional Plan 2021, TPCD
 DPR on Urban Renewal in Panaji, CCP
 DPR for Heritage Conservation for Panaji prepared by CCP
Heritage conservation
 DPR for Conservation of Mala Heritage area prepared by CCF.
Source: Discussions with Officials of the CCP
2.8 Key process undertaken for CDP preparation

CRISIL Risk & Infrastructure Solutions Limited (CRIS) has been appointed by Ministry of Urban
Development (MoUD) for the preparation and revision of City Development Plans for 13 selected
cities under Package 1 and 17 selected cities under Package 2. A kick-off meeting was organized by
MoUD to review the work plan and approach for the assignment. The meeting was chaired by Ms.
Nisha Singh IAS, Joint Secretary and Project Director and was attended by senior officials from
MoUD, PMU from CBUD and officials from TCPO, CPWD.
CRIS Team made a presentation on the following aspects
 Experience in Preparation of CDPs
 Details of Assignment Coverage
 Approach - Revised CDP toolkit
 Proposed Teaming
The minutes of the kick off meeting have been provided in Annexure-5

2.8.1 Data Collection

The data collection stage involved prepraration of sectorwise checklist, consultation formats,
approaching the concerned departments for the data required as per the checklist and detail
discussions with the officials to understand the present scenario and related major issues. The
csecondary data on various sectors was collected from the respective departments such as Kadamba
Transport Corporation, North Goa Planning and Development Authority, State Public Works
Department, State Roads and Building Department, (Panaji Circle), State Water Resources
Department, Goa State Electricity Board, RTO, Health Department, Education Department,
Department of Tourism, Goa State Housing Board, Goa State Pollution Control Board, Panaji Traffic
Cell along with detailed discussions on respective officials of each sector.
st
Other major documents such as 1 generation City Development Plan, proposed detailed project
reports of various urban services proposed under previous CDP, other city level project reports of the
various studies conducted by CCP and other agencies, municipal budget (last five years),action and
physical progress of on-going projects proposed under 1st level CDP as well as details of projects
proposed under other central/state funding was collected. CRIS team carried out consultations with
various stakeholders of the city, officials of various departments, CCP officials etc. and also carried
out City level assessment which includes the Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat (SWOT)
analysis.
2.8.2 Committee Formation

CCP had to formulate the policy and technical committees in line with the GoI’s revised toolkit. The
policy committee had to be constituted with Municipal Commissioner as the chairman and CCP,
NGPDA Vice Chairman, Superintending engineer, CCP and Deputy Commissioner, CCP, TPCD,
PWD, PHED, Directorate of Health, Education, Electricity department, KTC, Department of Tourism,
heritage and conservation department and agencies as members of various committees.
Further, five technical committees were proposed to be formed such as spatial planning, environment
and heritage, local economic development, urban services (water supply, sewerage and sanitation,
solid waste management, storm water drainage and traffic and transportation), municipal finance and
urban governance, social infrastructure and urban poverty. The CCP Formulated the CDP
Committees and the same is presented in Annexure 13 of this report.
2.8.3 Stakeholder’s consultation

To ensure a participatory and inclusive development process CRISIL team carried out wide range of
stakeholder consultations and focus group discussions with the city stakeholders of the city. The
exercise involved mapping of the key stakeholders in the city followed by discussions on city level
issues. One to one consultations were carried out with the Government officials, business and trade
organisations, academicians and community based organisations (CBOs). Thus, the consultants
carried out number of stakeholder consultations at various stages of the Draft Final Report
formulation. The Table below lists the various consultations held during the report preparation and the
purpose for the same.
Table 4: List of consultations conducted
S. Stakeholder Month Purpose of the Consultations

No, Consultation
1 Kick Off Meeting October, 2013 The meeting was organized at CCP office to

S. Stakeholder Month Purpose of the Consultations

No, Consultation
brief the various stakeholders about the
objectives of Revised CDP and the approach
and methodology to be followed for its
preparation. The checklist of data required was
also discussed in the meeting.
2 Focus Group November, 2013 The FGD was conducted at various levels
Discussion with the during the process of data collection. The main
various stakeholders objective of FGDs was to get an insight into the
and citizen groups present scenario and the major issues
pertaining to various sectors
3 Interim Meeting February, 2014 The meeting was conducted to present the
Interim stage studies and analysis prepared by
CRISIL team. The Interim Report inferences
were presented and discussed with various
stakeholders. The stakeholders suggested
their concerns and projects which can be
included in the CDP.
4 Consultations with April, 2014 The CRISIL team consulted various officials of
various stakeholders the concerned departments to discuss the list
for discussion of the of proposed projects and suggest potential
sector wise projects to be taken up in the CDP report. The
proposals for projects suggestions given were considered in the DFR
report.
5 Consultation with September, 2014 The discussions were held to discuss the final
Commissioner, CCP content of DFR and incorporation of various
sector level studies carried out by the CCP in
the DFR report.
6 Consultations with December, 2014 The discussions were organized with
officials of various assistance of CCP which mainly focused on
concerned the discussions and finalization of the project
department and CCP proposals under the various sectors in
to discuss the project consultations with the concerned officials and
proposals to be CCP. Apart from this, there were consultations
included sectorwise. with the Charles Correa foundation, Heritage
cell of TCPD related to various projects
proposed for heritage conservation.
The CCP shared various study report and
project proposals which had been prepared for
Panaji to be included in the CDP proposal.
There are two stakeholder meeting conducted as per the requirement of the CDP exercise which
includes the Inception stage meeting and Interim stage meeting.
1. Kick Off/ Inception Meeting
In Panaji, the process of Revision of CDP was commenced in October, 2013. CRIS team had
th
conducted an inception meeting with CCP officials on 24 October, 2013 to appraise on the revision
st
of CDP process and the way forward. Subsequently, the review of 1 generation CDP had been
th
carried out and inception report had been submitted to MoUD and CCP on 30 October 2013. (Refer
Annexure 5)

Figure 4: Inception meeting on 30th October 2013 in Panaji
2. Interim Meeting
th
Further, CRIS in association with CCP organised a city level stakeholder workshop on 19 February,
2014 at CCP Council hall. The objective of the workshop was to discuss about status and
performance of service delivery mechanism in Panaji, city SWOT analysis, to understand aspirations
of the citizen on city development and framing of the vision for Panaji city. The workshop was
attended by 35 numbers of participants who included the representatives from parastatal agencies
involved in the operations of various infrastructures in the city, NGOs and academicians. (Refer
Annexure 7)
The Draft stage meeting will be conducted after the completion of the Draft Final Report as per the
client’s requirements and incorporation of suggestions from various stakeholders received during
discussions.
Figure 5: Interim Level Consultation - Panaji


3. Draft Stage Consultation

th
A stakeholder consultation at draft stage was conducted on 9 February 2015 at CCP Corporation
Hall. The consultation was dedicated for the representatives from the CDP committes of the CCP. The
consultation had 15 participants from the various departments functioning in the City. The Nodal
officer from the CCP chaired the consultation and welcomed the gathering. The CRIS team made a
presentation on city level assessment, sector wise demand gap analysis, projects identified and
capital investment plan for the city. Further, CRIS team discussed on the financial sustainability of
CCP to take-up the identified projects under the capital investment plan. CRIS team also requested
the stakeholders to provide their inputs/ suggestion on the proposed projects for the city. In addition to
this either in writing or through email of the CRIS team member. The minutes of the meeting is
presented in the Annexure 8 of this report.
Figure 8: Draft Stage Consultation
Figure 9: Draft Stage Consultation

3. INTRODUCTION TO THE CITY
3.1 Regional Setting

The state of Goa is located in the Western region of India. It shares its borders with the Arabian Sea
to the West, Maharashtra to the North and Karnataka to the South and the East. Goa has a coastline
of about 104 km and inland waterways of about 255 km.
The state is traditionally known as a tourist paradise for its natural scenery, unique beaches and
cultural diversity. As per the stastics available from the Department of Tourism, Goa, in the year 2013,
31,21,473 tourists visited Goa of which 26,29,151 tourists were domestic (84% of total tourists)
tourists and 4,92,322 were foreign visitors (16% of total tourists). Goa has a well-developed social,
physical and industrial infrastructure and virtual connectivity. It has an international airport that
facilitates faster access to the region for leisure, entertainment and other purposes. It also has
significant port infrastructure.
1
Goa’s gross state domestic product (GSDP) was about Rs.23,096 crore during 2011-12 (in current
prices).Goa’s economic growth is driven by the strong performance of industrial sectors such as
tourism, mining, and pharmaceuticals.
The state was liberated from Portuguese rule in 1961. It was a part of Union territory of Goa, Daman
th
and Diu till 30 May 1987 when it was carved out to form a separate State. Goa covers an area of
2
3702 km and comprises two revenue districts, North Goa and South Goa with headquarters at Panaji
and Margao respectively.
2
North Goa district spans over a total geographical area of 1736 km . It consists of six taluks namely,
Tiswadi, Bardez, Pernem, Bicholim, Satari and Ponda. The provisional population of the district
according to 2001 Census was 8,58,884 which has decreased to 8,17,761 in 2011. The rural
population of district is 3,24,927 (40%) and urban population is 4,93,081 (60%) as per 2011 census. It
2
is a relatively densely populated district in the state with an overall density of 471 persons per km
2
which is more than the state average density of 394 persons per km . The district has totally 213
villages and 27 urban town settlements out of which one is Municipal Corporation, while six are
Municipal Councils.
Tiswadi is among the six talukas of North Goa in which the capital city of Panaji is located. Apart from
Panaji City Corporation it has four town municipal councils within its jurisdiction. The taluka comprises
2
of 213.5 km of area and has a total population of 1,77,219 as per 2011 census. Out of the total
population its rural population is 37,549 (21%) while urban population of 1,39,670 (79%). Thus, it is
2
highly urbanized with average density of 830 persons per km . The sex ratio of the taluk is 1035 which
is slightly lower than the district average of 1038.The literacy rate observed in the taluk is 82% almost
same as the district average of 81%. The total number of worker population is 73,468 with a work
participation rate of 41.5%.
Panaji is a City Corporation located in Tiswadi taluk of North Goa district. It is the state capital of Goa
and district head quarter of North Goa district. The Panaji CCP area has been reduced and confined
only to the core city and its surroundings after the formation of Corporation in 2002. The CCP covers
1
Economic Survey Report for Goa, 2012-13

2
an area of 8.12 km with total population of 40,017 as per Census 2011. The city mainly functions as
administrative and tourist hub of the state.
Figure 10: Schematic Map-Regional Setting Panaji
3.1.1 History and Regional Importance

Panaji was annexed by India with the rest of Goa and the former Portuguese territories in the invasion
of 1961. Between 1961 and 1987, it was the capital of the Union Territory of Goa, Daman and Diu.
Panaji became a state-capital on Goa's elevation to statehood in 1987. A new Legislative Assembly

complex was inaugurated in March 2000, across the Mandovi River, in Alto Porvorim.The growth of
the city over the years has been described in the Table below.
Table 5: Growth of the city over the yearsTable 6: Chronology of Panaji's History
Period Context
Gandagopal Kelima entrusted with the administration of Panaji by the Kadamba
Before king, Shasthadeva (1007-1050). Largely a marshy land with fishermen temporary
1510 hutments, Yusuf Adil Shah builds castle and harem on the river bank, as the
summer place in 1500.
Old Goa captured by Portuguese Castle used as check point for incoming ships to
1510-1631 old Goa. Builds the Panaji church in 1541 (rebuild in 1584). Built the fort of Gasper
Dias
Viceroy, Count de Linhares, Dom Miguel de Noronha built the 3.2 km causeway
linking Panjim to Ribandar village It exists even today and is known as ‘Pointe de
Linhares’ and at a time it was constructed, was the longest bridge in existence.
1632-1780 Manorial estate houses built by Nobles – lands are privately owned as coconut
groves On 1st December 1759, the then viceroy, Dm Manuel de Saldanha de
Albuqureque, shifted abode to Castle of Adil Shah after modifying it and his shift
was recorded has that the old Goa is Unhygienic.
1784 settlements developed in the coconut grove at the foot of the hill – Organic
Profile 1818 Temple built and the settlements grew around. Construction of custom
house, Large police station, collector complex was built 1831 acquisitions of land for
1781-1843
expansion of the City Panaji taken place Panjim became the capital of Goa and was
called ‘Nova Goa’ by a royal decree on 22nd March 1843 and its status was
elevated to a “CITY”
1784 settlements developed in the coconut grove at the foot of the hill – Organic
Profile 1818 Temple built and the settlements grew around. Construction of custom
house, Large police station, collector complex was built 1831 acquisitions of land for
1781-1843
expansion of the City Panaji taken place Panjim became the capital of Goa and was
called ‘Nova Goa’ by a royal decree on 22nd March 1843 and its status was
elevated to a “CITY”
More Buildings came up. Some are Fazenda, Municipality and Pavilions Planned
1844-1909 Development activities are stressed construction of new roads and squares taken
place
New settlements Altinho, Campal (1930) developed and expansion of city slowly
1909- 1961 took place Basic Public services introduced Water Supply, Electricity. The Goa then
incorporated into the Union of India in December 1961.
During the year between 1961 and 1987, The City Panaji was the capital of the
1961 –
Union Territory of Goa, Daman and Diu. The City Panaji became a state capital on
1987
Goa's elevation to statehood in May 1987.
2002 The Panaji Municipal Council was declared as the City Corporation of Panaji

Figure 11: Spatial Growth of Panaji over the decades
Panaji has been the administrative centre from the time of Portuguese rule. It is presently the state
capital of Goa and the only urban centre in the state with the status of Municipal Corporation.Panaji is
the third largest city of the state after Margao and Vasco. It has rich historical, political, commercial,
educational, cultural and tourist importance.The city is major tourist hub of the state as well as trade
and commerce centre of the region.
The city of Panaji is well connected with two National Highway passing through it. The only airport of
Goa, the Dabolim Airport is at a distance of 35 kms and the nearest railway station of Karmali is 14
kms away. The Madgoan railway station is located at a distance of 40 kms from the city. The adjoining
cities of Margao, Mapusa, Vasco da gama, Verna are located within 60 km radius from Panaji. They
are connected with intercity bus services from Panaji.The unique location of the city by the Mandovi
River and the Arabian Sea enables it to have the services of inland waterways and a state port. Panaji
is Goa’s fastest growing city after Vasco and Madgaon. It is spotted as one of the most attractive

tourist destination centers in India, and attracts around 2.0 lakhs national tourists and 0.35 lakhs
2
international tourist annually .
The city being the administrative capital has most of the state level government office head quarters,
departmental guest houses, along with the private sector branch offices and their activities. Most of
the people employed in these offices or involved in the activities are either settled in Panaji or keep
commuting on daily basis to the city. But the main economic base of the city is trade and commerce,
of these the tourist related facilities viz., hotels, restaurant; shopping malls are worth mentioning.
Panaji also serves as market center for nearby small towns for supplying various commodities
especially building materials and consumer electronics items. There are few specific market locations
which are known for wholesale commodities located in the city.
3.2 Administrative Boundaries

Panaji is the state capital and the district headquarters of North Goa district. It is a Class III town and
the largest urban centre in terms of population in the North Goa district. It is Goa's third largest city
after Vasco and Madgaon. It has rich historical, political, commercial, educational, cultural and tourist
importance.Panaji is tourist hub attracting tourists from all over the world and country. It was
upgraded from Municipal Council to Corporation in 2002. The Corporation of City of Panaji is the
municipal body in charge of the civic amenities in the city.
2
Panaji CCP has a total geographical area of 8.12km which is divided into 30 administrative wards. It
2
has total population of 40,017 as per 2011 Census with density of 4,928 persons per km . The total
population of the Panaji city along with the urban agglomeration areas is 1,14,759 as per 2011
2
Census and comprises a total area of 86 km . The Panaji urban agglomeration area (PUA) consists
of CCP area as well as adjoining urban pockets which includes seven outgrowth areas and four
census towns (CTs). The seven out-growth areas are Panelim, Morambi-o-Grande, Renovadi,
Morambi-o-Pequeino, Cujira, Taleigao, Durgawado; and four CT are Chimbel, Murda, Calapor and
Bambolim. All the adjoining 11 habitations representing rapidly urbanising settlements are
independent or part of one of the village panchayats. The Table below depicts the administrative
boundaries and demographic features in Panaji urban agglomeration area. The Fig-5 below shows
the administrative boundaries within the Panaji city region.
Table 7: Administrative set-up of Panaji Region
Particular Goa North Goa Panaji CCP OG +CT Panaji Urban

Agglomeration
Administrative Unit State District Urban Local Outgrowth areas CCP +OG+CT
Body and census town
Area in km2 3702 1736 8.12 78.5 86.00
Population
1458545 8,18,008 40,019 74,742 1,14,759
(Census 2011)
Population Density 394 471 4928 952 1334
Source: Annexure – 5 of ECONOMIC SURVEY 2013-14, Directorate of Planning, Statistics and Evaluation- Goa
2
DPR for BSUP for Panaji under JnNURM, 2019-10

Figure 12: Panaji Urban Agglomeration Area
Source: Situation Analysis Report – City Sanitation Report, CCP
Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [31]

3.3 Location and Connectivity

Panaji lies on the bank of the River Mandovi and is also bounded by two creeks, locally called “poi. It
is located at 15.29° N Latitude & 73.49° E Longitude. It is at an average elevation of seven meters
above mean sea level (MSL). It is located 40 km from Margao the district headquarter of South Goa.
The other towns located near Panaji are Mapusa, Ponda and Vasco.
The total length of the roads in the district is 5044.58 km. Out of the total length, the national
highways (NH) comprises of 264 km (5.2%), state highways(SH) of 279.40 km (5.5%) and major
district roads (MDR) 733.07 km (14.5%). Apart from this, it comprises of 3768.17 km (74.7%) of rural
village roads.
Figure 13: Schematic Map for Regional setting and connectivity
Being Goa’s capital city and administrative headquarter, Panaji is well connected by road to the towns
and cities within the state and with important towns in neighboring states by major regional roads viz.
NH-17(Panvel - Mahad - Panaji - Karwar - Mangalore - Cannanore – Calicut - Ferokh - Kuttipuram-
Pudu – Ponnami – Chowghat - Cranganur) and NH-4A (Belgaum-Anmod-Ponda-Panaji) which also
forms the major spine of the city road network. The city lacks direct rail linkage. The nearest railway
station is Karmali located at a distance of 14 km. Other major railway stations viz. Vasco da Gama
and Madgaon are located at distance of about 40 km.
The Kadamaba Transport Corporation (KTC) operates regional as well as city level bus transport in
the state. As Panaji is located along the River Mandovi, on island of Tiswadi inland waterways have
also developed to some extent. The airport is located at Dabolim, which is about 35 km away from the
city of Panaji. It is well connected by airways from Mumbai, Bangalore, Cochin, Delhi, Chennai,
Secundrabad, Jaipur, Mangalore and Trivandrum. Thus, the city of Panaji is well connected by good

network of regional roadways which also connects it to the major transport nodes viz. the airportand
the railway stations. The city having the locational advantage of waterfront is favourable for
development waterways to connect to adjoining urban centres in the state.
3.4 Defining the study area

2 2
The jurisdiction of CCP was restricted from 22.63 km to 8.12 km in 2002. However, considering the
urbanization trend over the years, non availaibility of developable land within the CCP area with no
scope for future expansion and the economic interdependence of the surrounding region with the city,
the Revised CDP proposal has taken into consideration the area under Panaji CCP and its seven
outgrowth areas. The outgrowth areas (OGs) include Taleigao, Morambi-o-Grande, Morambi-o-
Murda, Bambolim Pequeno, Cujira, Panelim, Durgavado and Renovadi. The existing population of
the study area as per the Census 2011 is 70,991.
3.5 Physical Setting
3.5.1 Topography and Geology

Physiographically the North Goa district can be broadly divided onto four distinct morphological units
from West to East as listed below. The Fig shows the physical division of the state w.r.t the
physiographic characters.
i. Coastal plain with marine land forms on the West (coastal area),Vast stretch of plains
adjoining the coastal plain (coastal area),
ii. Low dissected denudational hills & tablelands towards the East,(mid lands) and
iii. Deeply dissected high Western Ghats denudational hills along the Eastern most part of the
district. (ghats)
Saline soil in the district occurs in the flood plains of Zuari and Mandovi rivers in Tiswadi, Bardez,
Pernem and Ponda taluks which includes Panaji city also. The soil in this region is deep, poorly
drained and less permeable. It is saline, high in pH and contains humus and organic matter. The
major crops grown are paddy, cereals, millets, pulses & oil seeds, sugarcane, coconut, arecanut and
cashewnut.

Figure 14: Schematic Map for Physical Divisions in the state
3.5.2 Climate Parameters
3.5.2.1 Temperature
Due to maritime influence, the diurnal range of temperature during the day is not large. The diurnal
range is the least being 4 to 6° C during monsoon season and increases to the maximum of 10 to
20°C during December & January. May is the hottest month where the mean daily temperature

increases to 30°C. January is the coolest with mean daily temperature of about 23°C. It is noted that
the day temperature is the lowest in monsoon months of July and August and not in the cool winter
months of December and January. The temperature is highest (around 33°C) in pre – monsoon
months of April & May and again in post monsoon months of November & January.
3.5.2.2 Humidity
Due to proximity to the Arabian Sea, humidity throughout the year in Panaji is more than 60% with
range from 80 to 90% during monsoon period. The relative humidity is higher during the months of
July to September. During the months of December and January the difference between the Relative
Humidity (RH) recorded at 08:30 hours and 17:30 hours is quite significant, as winter sets during
these months. The weather is mostly foggy during dawn and at dusk during the rainy season.
3.5.2.3 Rainfall
Panaji receives rainfall from South-West monsoon between the months of June to September. As a
result of orographic influence, rainfall increases towards the Western Ghats. Over 90% of annual
rainfall occurs during monsoon months of June to September. About 32% of the annual rainfall is
received during July. The average annual rainfall observed in the city is 3124.06 mm which is higher
than the district average of 2932 mm. The Table below depicts the average rainfall data in Panaji city
over the period of last five years.
Table 8: Rainfall pattern in Panaji
Year 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Rainfall in mm 2829.8 3103.5 3862.6 3027.8 2796.6
Source: Meteorology department, Panaji, 2013
3.5.2.4 Wind Directions

Throughout the year the wind flow in the morning is generally from East towards North – East
direction during the months of October to April while it flows from West to North –East side in month of
May. In the afternoons, the wind blows towards West or North West direction due to the influence of
sea breeze along its coast. In the monsoon season wind direction is mostly westerly throughout the
day. The winds are strong during monsoons while moderate rest of the year.
3.5.3 Water Resources

The principal perennial rivers draining through the district are Terekhol, Chapora, Mandovi and Zuari
and non – perennial (seasonal) river Baga. The river basin of all these Westerly flowing short rivers
originate from Western Ghats and drain in the Arabian Sea in the West under estuarine environment.
The city of Panaji is located along the Mandovi River estuarine. The important lakes in North Goa are
Mayem, Chimbel, Carambolim and Calapur. The city is located only seven meters above the Mean
Sea level and has a gradual slope from East to West along the flow of the River Mandovi. The major
water bodies located in and around the city are River Mandovi, Zuary estuarine, Mala Lake, Qurem
creek and St Inez drain.
3.5.4 Forest Resources

2 2
The state of Goa has a total area of 3702 km out of 1224.46km (33%) of area is under forests. Out
2 2
of the total forest area, 354.48 km (29%) is located in North Goa district while 869.98 km (71%) of

2
forest area is located in South Goa District. Out of the 354.48 km of forest area in North Goa district,
2
only 1.78 km of forest area exists in Tiswadi taluk.
There are no identified protected/reserve forests within Panaji CCP’s jurisdiction. As per the existing
Outline Development Plan the area under natural resources is about 2.09%.Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary
located in the village of Chorão, near Panaji, has rare and endangered bird species—both migratory
and resident.

4. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
4.1 Background
Panaji is the state capital and head quarter of
st
the North Goa district. The city is the major Key facts in 1 generation CDP
tourist hub in the state due to good tourist
 CCP had a population of 0.59 lakhs as per Census
infrastructure facilities and good accessibility 2001 with an average population density of 7,212
to the various tourist destinations. This has persons per sq. km, spread across an area of 8.12
been supported by various trade and sq. km.
commerce establishments, hotels and  The population has grown from 0.35 lakhs in 1960 to
restaurants, tours and travels and tourism 0.59 lakhs by the year 2001 with growth rate ranging
based art and artifacts. The growing from < 1 % to a maximum of a 2.66%. The average
importance of the city as tourist destination annual growth rate is 1.09 % and an average
decadal growth rate is 10.9 %.
has increased the tourism based economic
 The sex ratio of Panaji was 975 in 2001 which was
activities by many folds over the years. The
higher compared to the prevailing sex ratio of the
city is also a major trading center for
state (960) and North Goa district (968).
agricultural products and other commodities  According to the 1991 & 2001 census, the literacy
coming from the neighboring smaller towns rate in Panaji was 78.59% and 80.01 % respectively,
and rural areas. which is slightly lower than the state and district
figures of 82.32 % and 84.12% respectively.
The CDP had put forward the following observations:

4.2 Urban Population and
 Floating population (approximately 5,886 per day) in
urbanisation pattern 2006 and projected to 12,346 per day in 2030.
4.2.1 North Goa District

The North Goa district consists of a total area of 1736 sq. km. It is divided into six talukas viz. Tiswadi,
Bardez, Bicholim, Satari, Pernem and Ponda, It consists of 213 numbers of villages and seven
numbers of urban centers. The Out of the seven urban centers six are Municipal councils (MC) while
Panaji being the state capital has been upgraded to the status of City Corporation (CC) in 2002.
Panaji remains the most populated urban center followed by Mapusa and Ponda. The table below
presents the administrative status, population and class (as per urban and regional design plan
formulation and implementation guidelines) of these urban centers in North Goa district.
Table 9: Major urban centers in North Goa district
S. No Name of the ULB Admin status Class Population

(2011 Census)
1 Pernem Municipal Council VI 5,021
2 Mapusa Municipal Council III 39,989
3 Panaji City Corporation III 40,017
4 Bicholim Municipal Council IV 16,986
5 Sanquelim Municipal Council IV 13,651

S. No Name of the ULB Admin status Class Population

(2011 Census)
6 Valpoi Municipal Council V 8,532
7 Ponda Municipal Council III 22,664
Source: CDP Panaji, 2006 and Census of India, 2011

Note:Population size – Class: Class I: 100,000 and above; Class II: 50,000 to 99,999; Class III: 20,000 to 49,999;
Class IV: 10,000 to 19,999; Class V: 5,000 to 9,999 and Class VI: Less than 5,000 persons.(Source: UDPFI
Guidelines)
4.2.2 Panaji City

Panaji is the administrative head quarter and a major tourist centre of the state. It is thesecond-largest
city in the state in terms of population. Panaji population houses for 2% of the total state’s urban
population and 16% urban population of the North Goa district.
4.3 Population Growth Trend

The city population growth has been fluctuating over the past five decades mostly due to the changes
in the area under jurisdiction of CCP. The total population of Panaji is 40,017 as per Census 2011
which shows decline of population from Census 2001 population of 59,066. This is due to exclusion of
Taleigao and Durgawado, which were part of Panaji Municipal Council in Census 2001 are made
outgrowths in Census 2011. In 2002 when Panaji gained the status of Municipal Corporation by
incorporation of the Corporation of City of Panaji Act 2002, these areas were excluded from the
jurisdiction of Panaji resulting in to reduction of population. The Table below presents the population
growth trend in last five decades.
Table 10: Population Growth Trend
Year Population Decadal Growth Rate

Nos. %
1971 34,953 -
1981 43,165 23.49
1991 43,349 0.43
2001 59,066 36.26
3
2011 70,991 (CCP+OG) 20.19
4 5
2011 40,017 (CCP) N.A.
Source: Census of India and CDP Panaji, 2006
3
Population of the city with Urban Outgrowths (Taleigao, Morambi-o-Grande, Morambi-o- Murda Bambolim
Pequeno, Cujira, Panelim, Durgavado, Renovadi) for 2011
4
Population of the CCP as per 2011 Census
5
Since the initial years (1991-2001) population covers the CCP and its OGs the growth rate for 2001-11 has been calculated
taking into account the population of the CCP+OG for 2011.

4.4 Population Density

2
Panaji city is spread across an area of 8.12 km and consists of 30 administrative wards with high
6
density varying being highest in the core city area to medium density towards the new extensions.
The city area has been changing over the years in last four decades as a major commercial and
tourist hub apart from being the administrative capital from time of Portuguese reign. In 1971 the
density was 4623 persons per km² which increased to 5786 person per km² in 1981. In 1991 the city
area was increased drastically from 7.46 km² to 22.63 km² due to which the average density of the
city shows a decline to 1916 person per km². This is mainly due to the inclusion of the urban
agglomeration population to the municipal area of Panaji and development of new areas in the
surrounding villages of Panaji. In 2002, the CCP area was again confined to 8.12 km². At present
average density in the city is 4928 person per sq.km² which shows high density pattern. In absence of
city ward map and wardwise area, the wardwise density pattern in the city has not been possible to be
assessed. However, the wards comprising of the core city area and its surrounding residential areas
are the most densely populated. The ward wise population in the city has been depicted in Annexure
1. The Table below shows the density pattern in the city for last four decades.
Table 11: Decade wise Population and Density
Year Population Area Gross Density

Nos. km² Persons/ km².
1971 34,953 7.56 4,623
1981 43,165 7.46 5,786
1991 43,349 22.63 1,916
2001 59,066 22.63 2,610
2011 70,991 (CCP+OG) 22.63 3,137
2011 40,017 (CCP) 8.12 4,928
4.5 Average Household Size

The total number of households in the Panaji CCP and its outgrowth areas is 17,807 and the average
household size is 3.9. It is lower than the taluk average of 4.2 and district average of 4.3.
4.6 Literacy Rate

The literacy rate in Panaji city has increased gradually from 79% in 1991 to 87% in 2011. The
average literacy rate in the Panaji city region is 85%. Thus, the average literacy rate of the city as well
as the city region is higher than the taluk average of 82% and district average of 81%. The city is
major educational centre with having educational facilities like pre-primary, primary, secondary, higher
secondary schools and degree colleges.
6
Data on Ward wise population and Ward Map not available to elaborate the intra city density pattern

Table 12: Literacy rate
S. No. Year Population Total literates Literacy rate

Nos. Nos. %
1 1991 43,349 34,069 79
2 2001 59,066 47,256 80
3 2011 40,017 (CCP) 34,653 87
4 2011 70,991 (CCP+OG) 60,071 85
4.7 Sex Ratio

The average sex ratio (number of females population per 1000 males) of the CCP has increased
considerably from 882 in 1971 to 981 in 2011. The average sex ration in the city region is 973 as per
2011 census. The average sex ratio in CCP as well as city region is lower than the district average of
1,038 and taluk average of 1,035. Hence the city shows a increase in healthy sex ratio from 1971-
2011 decade. The Table below shows the increase in sex ratio over the last four decades.
Table 13: Sex ratio of Panaji
S. No. Year Male Female Sex ratio

Nos. Nos. per 1000 males
1 1971 18,577 16,376 882
2 1981 22,798 20,367 893
3 1991 22,542 20,807 923
4 2001 29,911 29,155 975
5 2011 20,197 19,820 981 (CCP)
6 2011 35,988 35,003 973 (CCP+OG)
4.7.1 Age Sex Pyramid

An analysis of an age sex pyramid has been carried out to estimate the working group population,
7
and further to determine the dependant population.According to Census 2001, age-wise population
has been considered and the relative proportion of the population in each age group has been
determined. For the purpose of the analysis, 0 to 19 years age group is considered as child
dependants; 20 to 59 years age group is considered as working age; while above 60 age group is
considered as aged dependants.
As indicated in the figure below, 34% of the males were child dependants and 7% of the males were
aged dependants; about 59% of the males were in the working age group. In the case of females,
7
Census 2001 age wise population data for city is not available hence the District level data has been taken into consideration.

33% were child dependants and 9% were aged dependants; about 57% were in the working age
group category.
Figure 15: Age-sex pyramid
Age not specified

80+
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5-9
0-4
-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
% female % male
Source: Census of India, 2001
4.8 Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Population

The total schedule caste population in the CCP is 563 (1.4%) while it is 1707 (2.4%) in the city region
as per 2011 census. The scheduled tribe population in CCP is 1,340 (3.3%) and in the city region it is
4,586 (6.5%). Thus the total SC and ST population in CCP is 1,903 (4.8%) with total male population
of 996 and total female population of 907 and in the city region it is 6,293 (8.9%) with total male
population of 3169 and female population of 3124 respectively. .
4.9 Migration
4.9.1 Migration Trend in the District

Migration is movement from one place to another place during a time period. It is thus place and time
specific. It has also direction, from and to. Migration is one of the most important components of
population change. As per the 2001 census, the state’s migrant population was 2,72,731 which is
scattered in the two districts viz. North Goa and South Goa. The migrant population in North Goa in
which Panaji is located is higher than that in South Goa. However, urban migrants are higher in South
Goa than in North Goa. Migration data for Panaji city is not available hence not taken up for analysis
and comments. However, Panaji being the state capital, a major tourist destination and having highest
population among all the urban centres in the district attracts lot of local as well as population from the
neighbouring states for employment opportunities. The Table and figure below depicts the migrant
population data for state and the two districts categorised in rural and urban areas.

Table14: Migrant Population Details
Area Name Migrants Population

Rural Urban Total
State 83,271 1,89,460 2,72,731
North Goa District 52,555 91,889 1,44,444
South Goa District 30,716 97,571 1,28,287
Figure 16: Migrated population details
25
20 19 19
20
14 15
15 12
10 7
6
5
5
0
State % North Goa district % South Goa District %
Total Rural Urban
The breakup of population in the North Goa district depicts 81% of the population is resident
population while 19% of the population is migrant population. Out of the 19% of migrant population
18% have migrated from other states, maximum from neighbouring states of Karnataka and
Maharashtrawhile only 1% of the population has migrated from abroad. The Figure below depicts the
breakup of population w.r.t the migrant population in North Goa district.
Figure 17: Breakup of population w.r.t migrant and resident population, North Goa
1%
18%
81%
Resident Population Migrated from other states Migrated from abroad

4.9.2 Migration Trend in Panaji City

In absence of migration data at city level the migration has been estimated as a difference between
the decadal change and natural growth during the particular period. The natural growth in population
has been calculated from the actual number of registered births and deaths for the period 1971-2011
to estimate the natural growth in the city.
It can be observed that in-migration has been increasing, except during the period 1981-91. During
the period 1971-91, the city had witnessed average in-migration of about 5,810. The in-migration was
due to increase in trade and commerce activities in the city.
However, the case was unlike during the period 1981-91, when the city witnessed out-migration of
about 1,488. The out-migration was due to the change in the administrative status of Goa from Union
territory to state. It was detached from Diu and Daman and made separate state.
During the decade 1991-2001, the natural increase was within the range of the previous decade. But,
the city had reported significant increase in decadal growth as compared to the previous decades.
The city has accounted an in-migration of about 13,380 during this period highest in last five decades.
The city being the state capital and tourist destination was subjected to high economic activities which
started growing within the city limits. The city profile of just an administrative centre changed to major
economic centre w.r.t trade and tourism.
There is a considerable decline in the decadal population growth as well as growth due to natural
increase in 2001-2011. The share of migrant population shows a decline from 23% in 1991-2001 to
16% in 2001-2011. This can be attributed to the saturation of the city, limited availability of
developable land for the expansion of city limits and high cost of rental. Presently, there is large
section of people staying in the suburban and rural areas around the city who commute daily for their
occupation to the city. The decadal change and birth and death registration and migration data for the
Panaji city have been recorded in the Table below.
Table 15: Migration details from 1971 to 2011
Year Population Decadal Births Deaths Natural Migration

Change increase
(a) (b) a-b
1971 34,953 - 3,084 920 2,164 -
1981 43,165 8,212 3,498 1,056 2,402 5,810
1991 43,349 184 3,407 1,735 1,672 -1,488
2001 59,066 15,717 2,925 588 2,337 13,380
2011 70,991 (CCP+OG) 11,925 929 534 395 11,530
Source: CCP, Panaji
4.10 Key Observations

 The city’s population and growth trend has been fluctuating over the past four decades mainly
due to the change in the administrative area due to either inclusion or exclusion of adjoining
urban pockets within the CCP area.

 As per 2011 census, the Panaji city region (CCP+OG) population accounts to 4.9% of the
total state’s urban population and 8.7% of the North Goa district urban population. It
comprises of 40.1% of the total population in the North Goa district.
 Considering the geographical settings and topography of the CCP area it has no scope for
future expansion. At present a very high density pattern is observed within city with maximum
concentration in the core city area and surroundings residential areas.
 There is healthy trend of increasing literacy rate and sex ratio in the city over the last four
decades
 The average household size in the city is lower than the district average of 4.3.
 The present SC and ST population contributes to 4.8% within CCP while 8.9% within the city
region to the total population in the city as per 2011 census
 59% of the males while 57% of females out of the total population are in the working age
group category as per 2001 Census which indicates high availability of human resource in the
city.
 The share of migrant population shows a decline from 23% in 1991-2001 to 16% in 2001-
2011. This can be attributed to the saturation of the city, limited availability of developable
land for the expansion of city limits and high cost of rental.
4.11 Population Projections

Population projections form an important base for estimating the requirements of basic infrastructure
services to the citizen. Initially various proposed project reports prepared for the city and its
surroundings were referred to analyse the population projections.
4.11.1 Methodology Adopted For Estimation of Population

Population of the Panaji city region has been projected considering the influx of the tourist visiting the
region as well as the floating population coming to the region for work purpose.
 The Department of Tourism, Goa (DoT) has provided the information w.r.t the tourist in the
State og Goa during last 15 years. Aslo, the DoT has provided figures w.r.t the tourists visiting
the Tiswadi Taluka. Based on the available information from the DoT, it was analysed that in
span of last four years, on an average 28% of the domestic tourists visiting Goa visit Tiswadi
Taluka and in the same manner 25% of the foreign tourists visit Tiswadi Taluka.
 The number of Tourist visiting Goa was projected based on the average growth rate of during
the last five years. Also a consultation was undertaken with the DoT w.r.t the growth rate to
be adopted for Tourists. Based on the past tourist arrival information and the growth rates, the
number of tourists visiting the state were projected. As per assessment, it is projected that the
number of tourists visiting Goa would increase from 31.21 lakh in 2013 to 48.83 Lakh in 2021
and the same would be 85.72 Lakh in 2031 and 151 lakh in 2041.
 For the purpose of assessing the population projections for the Panaji city region, it was
considered that of the total tourists visiting Goa, 28% domestic and 25% foreign tourists
would visit Tiswadu Taluka and all tourists visiting Tiswadi taluka are considered as a tourist
population within the city.
 Similary for projecting the floating population for the city, it was considered that there would
be on an average 2% growth in the floating population as undertaken in the detailed project
report for Solid Waste Management prepared by the CCP.
st
 As per the 1 generation CDP, the projected population of Panaji has been estimated to 1.11
lakhs in 2030 with overall population density of 137 persons per hectare (PPH). Apart from

this, the detailed project report (DPR) for water supply and sewerage for Panaji and its
surrounding areas has estimated a projected population of 1.28 lakhs in 2041. The proposed
DPR for Panaji for solid waste management (SWM) has estimated a population of 1.33 lakhs
in 2040.
Figure 18 : Population projections in various studies
1.80 1.61
1.60
1.31
1.40
1.20 1.04
1.28
1.00
1.05
0.80
0.86
0.60
0.40
2021 2031 2041
Water Supply DPR Sewerage system DPR SWM DPR
The base population adopted includes the population of CCP and the seven outgrowth areas as
discussed earlier as per 2011 Census. Based on decadal population of the city region from 1971 to
2011 the population projections for 2041 have been estimated using various methods. Various
population projection methods like incremental increase, geometric progression, arithmetic method,
exponential method have been used to estimate the future population of the city for 2041. The
nd
population projection estimated by incremental method and 2 order Polynomial method are on
higher side while the projections by arithmetic, geometrical, power method and log method have been
found on lower side. Hence population projections according to these methods are not considered.
nd
The population projections by incremental method and 2 polynomial method have been found close
to the population estimated in the DPR for water supply and SWM. Out of these, the incremental
method is found more appropriate which estimates population of 1,51,367 by 2041. The population
projections through various methods for the next three decades are presented in the Fig and Table
below.

Figure 19: Population projections as per various methods
180,000
160,000
140,000
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
2021 2031 2041
Incremental Increase Arithmetic Increase Geometrical Increase

2nd Order Polynomial Exponential Power
Log
Table 16: Projected Population
Method/ Year 2021 2031 2041

Polynomial 2nd order 88,149 1,08,415 1,58,781
Arithmetic 80,001 89,010 98,020
Incremental 88,892 1,15,684 1,51,367
Geometric 81,565 93,714 1,07,672
Exponential 81,882 97,356 1,15,755
Power 68,550 73,017 77,120
Log 67,268 70,402 73,117
Source: Analysis
4.11.2 Basic Assumptions for Population Projection

While adopting the population for the next three decades, the following factors were considered which
would influence the city’s future growth:
 Urbanization trends in the district and the city;
 Economic activities such as trade and commerce, and tourism;
 Spatial growth pattern and scope of vertical development;and
 Scope to accommodate the future population since the density is on the lower side.
 Floating population in the city
The population projection has been done in two parts. One part includes projection based on the
natural growth trend observed over the last five decades while the other part includes projections
based on the increase in the floating population over the same period.
 Panaji is a major tourist hub and receives considerable numbers of domestic as well as
foreign tourists throughout the year. As the tourist statistics for 2011, Tiswadi taluka received
1,13,6861 tourists which comprised of 6,90,926 domestic tourists and 4,45,935 foreign
tourists. Given the fact that Panaji is one of the prime tourist destinations in the taluk, it can be

assumed that the city receives maximum amount of Taluka level tourist’s arrivals throughout
the year.
 The DPR for SWM has projected the floating population on the basis of the following
assumptions:
 The city receives 80% of the total tourist recorded in the Tiswadi Taluk (2007)
 The working population from the adjoining areas of the city as per 2001 is 11012 and
50% of it communicate to the city on daily basis for various services.
 Average annual growth rate of 2% for the floating population
 Projected population for city by 2040 is 1,33,778
 The projected floating population arrived for Panaji city by 2040 is 27,659.
4.11.3 Recommended Population Projection

Among all the methods, the population projection obtained by incremental method has been
considered most appropriate. Thus, the projected population estimated for Panaji CCP for 2041 has
been arrived considering the population projection as well as the estimated floating population which
sums up to1,73,756. Considering the same the estimated density of the city will increase from 4,928
2
persons per km to 22,048 persons by 2041 which needs to be addressed towards prior planning and
expansion of the city area with provision of required infrastructure facilities.
Table 17: Recommended Population Projection – Panaji
2014 Growth Growth

2021 2031 2041
(Estimated) (21-31) (31-41)
Base Population
75,945 88,892 1,15,684 1,51,367 30.14% 30.85%
(CCP+OG)
Floating Population
6468 7430 9059 11043 21.92% 21.90%
(Daily)
Tourist Population
2480 3690 6458 11346 75.01% 75.69%
(Daily)
Total Population 84,893 1,00,012 1,31,201 1,73,756
Source: CRIS Analysis

5. ECONOMIC PROFILE
5.1 Background
Panaji was the head quarter when it was part of the three union territories Goa, Diu and Daman. After
that when Goa was declared as separate state it became the state capital and administrative centre
concentrating all the administrative offices within the city. The state started getting prominence w.r.t
tourism and this contributed to city’s economy to a large extent. Tourism and its related proliferating
economic activities viz. trade andcommerce, tourism related informal activities, hospitality / hotel and
restaurants, tours and travels etc. has become the major economic activity in the city during last two
decades. Panaji also has significance for tourism based art and artifact trade. It also acts as a major
trade centre in the region for agricultural and other commodities from the neighboring small towns and
rural areas.
5.2 Overview of economic situation of the state and the city

One of the fast developing states in India, Goa enjoys a high standard of living. The major food crops
in the state are rice, paddy, maize, jawar, bajra and ragi. While, main cash crops are coconut, cashew
nut, areca nut, sugarcane and fruits like pineapple, mango and banana. Out of the total geographical
2 2 2
area of 3702 km , the state has a rich forest cover of about 1424.46 km Of this, 1224.46 km has
been classified as Government forest (of which about 62% has been brought under Protected Areas
(PA) of Wildlife Sanctuaries and National Parks) and the rest as private forests.
The state mainly comprises of industrial potential in the sectors of mining, tourism, agriculture and
small/medium scale industries. The land away from the coast is rich in minerals and ores and mining
forms the second largest industry. Mining in Goa focuses on ores of iron, Bauxite, manganese, clays,
limestone and silica. The Mormagao Port handled 35.13 million tonnes of cargo last year, and
accounts for over 39% of India's Iron Ore exports.Tourism is Goa's primary industry; it handles 13% of
all foreign tourist arrivals in India. Tourism is generally focused on the coastal areas of Goa, with
decreased tourist activity inland. The tourism sector contributes close to 33% to the state’s GDP.
About the half a million people are dependent, directly and indirectly on it. It contributes Rs 1500
8
crores as taxes to the state and centre combined. Goa's tourism contributes to 15% of India's total
foreign exchange earnings.
Agriculture, while of shrinking importance to the economy over the past four decades, offers part-time
employment to a sizable portion of the populace. Rice is the main agricultural crop, followed by areca,
cashew and coconut. Fishing is another traditional and important economic activity of the State. Goa,
being located on the west coast of India, has a coastline extending over 100 km and inland waterways
of another 250 km rich in marine wealth.
Large and Medium scale industries in the state include the manufacturing of pesticides, fertilizers,
tyres, tubes, footwear, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, wheat products, steel rolling, fruits and fish
canning, cashew nuts, textiles and brewery products. The total number of micro, small andmedium
enterprises registered in the state from 2006 to 2012 is 3,576. The total number of small scale units
8
Coa Chamber of Commerce

as on January 2013 is 7,621. The High Powered Co-ordinationCommittee (HPCC) has approved/
cleared proposals of 13 units during the current year with total investmentof Rs.413.4 crore,
generating employment to 1,368 persons. The total number of large scale industries as on January
9
2013 is 189.
5.2.1 Goa Economic Profile

A. Gross State Domestic Product
The state’s economic profile has been analysed on the basis of district-wise data available at constant
price in the state. As indicated in the figure below, the tertiary sector has been the major contributor to
the state’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The share of the tertiary sector increased from 49% in
2008-09 to 52% in 2011-12.
The contribution of the secondary sector has decreased from 39% in 2008-09 to 38% in 2011-12. The
contribution of the primary sector shows a constant decline from 12% in 2008-09 to 10% in 2011-12.
Figure 20: Sector-wise contribution to the state GDP
60
49.99 52.24
48.64 48.99
50
39.38 38.67 39.16 38.05
40
30
20
11.97 12.33 10.84 9.7
10
0
2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
Sectors Primary Sectors Secondary Sectors Tertiary
Source: Economic Survey Report for Goa, 2011-12
Sector wise growth of GSDP for 2011-12 shows that primary sector registered a negative growth of
2.52% while secondary and tertiary sectors grew by 4.22% and 12.06 % respectively. Under the sub-
sector of primary sector, fishing had the highest growth rate of 41.81% followed by agriculture with
7.88 %. Forestry and logging depicts a growth of 1.95 % while mining and quarrying showed a
negative growth of 7.54 %.
Under the sub-sectors of secondary sector, manufacturing registered a growth of only 2.75% while
electricity, gas and water had the highest growth rate of 9.79%. Construction had a growth rate of
7.43%. Under the sub-sectors of tertiary sector, community, social and personal services depict the
highest growth of 20.07 %followed by financing and business services which registered a growth of
16.02 % and the sub-sector of transport /storage / communication and trade/ hotels / restaurant had a
growth rate of 12.63 % and 2.36 % respectively.
B. Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP)
9

The State Domestic Product (SDP) and its related aggregates reflect the status of economic
development of the State. The estimates of State Domestic Product, over a period of time depict the
extent and direction of changes in the levels of economic development of the State.
The GSDP at constant (2004-05) prices for the year 2011-12 (quick estimates) is estimated at
Rs.23096.82 crore as against Rs. 21201.88 crore for 2010-11 (provisional estimates) reflecting a
growth of 8.94 % as compared to 10.15% in 2010-11(P). The GSDP at current prices for the year
2011-12 (Quick estimates) is estimated at Rs 35134.58 crore as against Rs. 33174.83 crore for 2010-
10
11 (Provisional estimates) reflecting a growth of 5.91 % as compared to 13.90 % in 2010-11(P) .
C. Per capita Income
The per capita NSDP and NDP comparison of Goa and India at current prices during the years 2008-
09 to 2011-12 shows that the per capita income of state during each year of the above said period,
was higher than the national level by more than three folds, except for the year 2011-12 where it is
11
268 % of the NDP . The Figure below shows comparison of per capita income for state and India.
Figure 21: Per-capita Income comparison Goa-India
180000 162747 163404

160000 149164
135946
140000
120000
100000
80000 60972
53331
60000 40775 46117
40000
20000
0
2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
Goa India
Source: Economic Survey Report for Goa, 2011-12
Note: Per Capita Income data for the district/ taluka is not available.
5.2.2 Industrial Policies and Incentives

The State of Goa envisages catalysing economic growth through accelerated industrial development.
The mission is to create sustainable employment opportunities mainly to the local people of Goa. It
also includes environment friendly industrial development ensuring balanced growth of regions.
The Industrial Policy, has been formulated by the State government with a view to achieve overall
economic growth of the State through accelerated industrial development. The policy focuses on the
creation of sustainable employment opportunities for the people of the State. The main objectives of
the policy are:-
 Promote industries specifically identified as 'Thrust Areas' in the State
10
11

 Provide industries an access to high quality infrastructural and marketing facilities

 Promote industries which would consume locally available raw materials, have consumption
pattern within the State and neighbouring areas
 Develop Goa as the 'Export/Import Hub' and thus encourage export-oriented industries
 Develop self-employment opportunities for the local youth especially in rural and semi urban
areas
 Promote and encourage the agro-based industries to give a boost to the rural economy
 Encourage development of handicraft products to give boost to local artisans
 Create a healthy climate for the growth and promotion of small-scale and cottage industries
 Accelerate the process of technological upgradation/ automation in the existing units as well
as in new industries so that need of migrant labour is gradually reduced
 Create cluster development centres in rural areas around which traditional livelihood earning
professions can develop and thrive
 Encourage industries which can convert existing and generated industrial waste such as
mining rejects, slag etc., into useful products
 Encourage participation of women entrepreneurs in the industrial development of the State
 Ensure balanced growth to address regional economic and social disparities in the State
 Promote all such industries that are environment friendly and do not indulge in wasteful
consumption of resources
 Facilitate revival and rehabilitation of sick industrial units by devising suitable schemes
 Promote Research and Development (R&D) to enable the industry to have access to state of
art technology etc.
Another important policy being, the Information Technology (IT) Policy, which has been announced in
order to encourage the IT/ITES (IT enabled Services) industry in the State in a big way. Goa has an
ideal advantage to make the State a preferred destination for attracting software and hardware
companies as well as promoting local IT companies. It has good infrastructure for promoting IT. Thus,
Goa is well placed to move towards being a knowledge society/ economy. Keeping in view such facts,
the Government of Goa has designed this policy, which aims to:-
 Create employment opportunities for an increasing proportion of population of the State in
diverse sectors of the economy
 Enhance welfare conditions of the citizens of Goa by providing them easy access to required
information
 Optimally leverage IT to restructure government-citizen interface with the objective of
providing good governance
 Promote IT education in schools, colleges and other educational institutions in the State
 Increase the penetration of personal computers (PCs) in the society
 Facilitate entry of major industry players into the State economy.
5.2.3 North Goa district’s Economic Profile

There are about 4595 SSI units in North Goa district out which 793 SSI units are located in Tiswadi
Taluk. However, only 1904 units are functional at district level while 239 units at taluk level. The Table
below lists the details of industrial units in the North Goa district.
Table 18: Details of industrial units in North Goa district
S. No Head Unit Particulars

1 Registered industrial unit No. 4595

S. No Head Unit Particulars

2 Total industrial unit No. 51,492*
3 Registered medium & large unit No. 60
4 Estimated avg. No. of daily worker employed in small scale No.
7
industries
5 Employment in large and medium industries No. 16,000
6 No. of industrial area No. 12
7 Turnover of small scale industries. In lakhs 464177**
8 Turnover of medium & large scale industries In lakhs NA
Source: “Brief Industrial Profile of North Goa District”, Government of India, Ministry o f MSME, Goa. 2012
The SSI units in the district mainly comprises of food products, metal products and parts, wood
product and wooden furniture/ fixture, paper products, rubber/plastic/petroleum and coal products,
electrical machinery and apparatus, repair/services and beverages and tobacco products. The Table
below presents the breakup of the SSI units w.r.t. the products in the district.
Table 19: Details of existing micro & small enterprises and artisan units in the district
SL. No. Product Group No. of units

1 Food Products 840
2 Beverages & Tobacco products 272
3 Jute, hemp & Mesta Textile 10
4 Textile Products & Garments 156
5 Wood Products & Wooden Furniture, Fixture 328
6 Paper Products including Printing/publishing 392
7 Leather & Leather Products 26
8 Rubber, Plastic, Petroleum and coal products 374
9 Chemical Products (except 300 Petroleum and coal products) 300
10 Non Metallic Minerals 234
11 Basic Metal & Alloys 141
12 Metal Products & parts (except M/c. & transport eqpt.) 593
13 Machinery, Tools & Parts (except & electrical m/c.) 58
14 Electrical Machinery & Apparatus & Supplier Parts 311
15 Transport Equipment & Parts 48
16 Other Mfg. Industries 220
17 Repair/Services 292
Total 4,595
Apart from this, there are 19 numbers of major large scale industries/public sector undertakings and
18 numbers of medium scale enterprises in the district. The Table below lists the large scale and
medium scale industries in the district.

Table 20: List of Large scale and medium scale industries in the district
Large scale/ Major industrial units Medium scale industrial units

1. Menezes Fish Net Industries, Merces,
1. United Breweries Ltd., Bethoda, Ponda, Goa
Tiswadi
2. Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Kundaim 2. Zenith Magnetic Pvt. Ltd., Porvorim, Bardez
Ind. Estate, Goa
3. Syngenta India Ltd., Corlim, Tiswadi 3. De Nora India Ltd., Kundaim Ind. Estate
4. Madras Rubber Factory (MRF), Usgao, 4. Ravish Infusion Pvt. Ltd., Kundaim Ind.
Ponda
5. Sanjivani Sahkari Shakar Kharkana, Tisk, 5. Rayalseema Concrete Sleepers Pvt. Ltd.,
Usgao Navelim, Bicholim
6. Automobile Corporation of Goa Ltd., Honda, 6. Goa Glass Pvt. Ltd., Colvale, Bardez,
Sattari
7. GKB Optlmics, Tivim Ind. Estate 7. Alcon Cement Ltd., Kundaim
8. Goa Antibiotics and Pharmaceuticals Ltd., 8. Guala Closures India Pvt. Ltd, Bicholim
Tuem, Pernem
9. Crompton Greaves Ltd., Bethoda Ind. Estate 9. Berger Paints Ltd., Ponda,
10. Nebula Home Products Ltd., Pilerne,
10. Funskool India Ltd., Corlim, Tiswadi
Bardez,
11. Sesa Goa Pvt. Ltd., Amona, Bicholim 11. Oriental Containers Ltd., Kundaim, Goa
12. Hytech Lenses Pvt. Ltd., Tivim Ind. Estate 12. Teracom Ltd., Kundaim
13. Nestle India Ltd., Tisk, Usgao 13. B. T. Components Ltd., Madkai, Ponda
14. Unichem Labs Ltd., Pilerne Ind. Estate 14. Excel Caps and Closures, Mapusa, Bardez
15. Proctar & Gamble Hygiene & Health Care 15. Seagram India Pvt. Ltd., Bicholim
Ltd., Kundaim Ind. Estate
16. A.W. Faber Castel Stationery Pvt. Ltd., 16. High Mark (India) Pvt. Ltd., Pilerne, Bardez
Corlim, Ilhas
17. Marico Ind. Ltd., Khandepar, Ponda 17. Goa Formulations Ltd., Honda Ind. Estate
18. Centaur Pharmaceuticals, Karaswada,
18. Finolex Cable Ltd., Tisk, Usgao
Mapusa
19. Ranbaxy Laborities Ltd., Madkai Ind. Estate
5.2.4 Panaji City Economic Profile

The economy of Panaji is based on tourism, hospitality or hotel and restaurants and trade and
commerce of the city. Apart from this, the tourism based art and artefacts also contribute towards the
economy of Panaji. The administrative activities being the administrative centre largely influence the
economy of the city. It also forms the market center of the adjoining towns and cities.

5.3 Economic Infrastructure
5.3.1 Industrial and Commercial Activities

Panaji is majorly a commercial and administrative centre and has large portion of city under
commercial activities. As per 2011 Census, about 98% of the city population were engaged in tertiary
sector. The commercial areas and markets are concentrated mostly in the Northern part of the city.
The core city area of Panaji has evolved into the commercial area due to the tourism potential and
related commercial activities. Apart from this new commercial area have been developed in the out
growth areas of the city at EDC Patto which is emerging as administrative hub with majority of
government offices and departments located in this area.
Various items pertaining to consumer needs, especially electronic goods and building materials are
sold in Panaji. Apart from this, there are several hotels, restaurants, food joints, shopping plazas etc
to meet the demands of the tourist visiting the city throughout the year. Among the important shopping
areas in Panaji are Municipal Building (near Elorado Theatre), St Inez, new municipal market, Praca
de commercial building etc. are prominent. The CCP has developed a market building located in the
core city area which facilitates all the vegetable, fruit, grocery and other useful commodities to be sold
at one place. The mutton market and fish market is separate located adjacent to the Market Complex.
The Fig below shows the location and concentration of commercial establishments in the city.
Figure 22: Location of commercial establishments in the city
EDC Patto – Newly

developed commercial zone
Core City Commercial Area
Source: ODP for Panaji
The city of Panaji does not possess any industrial establishments; yet there are number of industries
at a range of 15 km from the city. The Corlim Industrial estate is one of the important industrial

estates located near Panaji which has about 58 industrial units that enhances the economic prospects
of the city.The city is ecologically sensitive zone and not favourable for heavy and medium industries.
Handicraft and cottage industries supporting tourism is prevalent in the city.
5.3.2 Tourism
Tourism is Goa's primary industry handles 12% of all foreign tourist arrivals in India. Due to the rule of
the Portuguese for over 450 years and the consequential influence of Portuguese culture, Goa
presents a unique multicultural identity to the foreign visitor than other parts of the country. Apart from
that the state is also famous for its excellent beaches, churches, and temples. The total tourist arrival
12
in the state for 2011-12 was 27.88 lakhs with 23.37 lakhs domestic and 4.50 lakh foreign tourists .
Panaji is one of the prime tourist attractions in the state having good geographical setting,
administrative centre, availability of good tourist infrastructure and its good accessibility to other tourist
destinations. The city’s economy thrives on various economic activities supporting tourism sector. As
per the data from Department of Tourism for 2011 the city of Panaji received 6.90 lakh domestic
tourists and 4.45 foreign tourists. The tourist arrival in the city has increased by 10% from 2008-2011
which is quite phenomenal. Hence, tourism will remain the backbone of the state as well as the city’s
economy in the coming future.
5.3.3 Informal Commercial Activity

The informal sector employment generally consists of employees without formal contracts, worker
benefits or social protection employed by formal /informal enterprises/ employers or by households.
The latter are mostly casual laborers, temporary or part time workers; paid domestic workers;
unregistered or undeclared workers; and industrial out workers (also called home workers) (Chen et al
2006). Tourism is a source of economic opportunity for a large number of people in the informal
sector. It opens occupational avenues where people do not require much capital to enter, thereby
providing an entry point into the market.
Based on the data from the Economic Census reports of Goa for 1977,1980,1990 and 1998, it can be
easily observed that in Goa the informal sector employment, especially in the non-agricultural sector
has been rising over a period of time. If the persons employed in the informal sector as a percentage
of the total workers (main and marginal) in the economy is taken one finds that informal workers were
43.42%of the workers in 1981 and by 1991, their share rose to 53.13%. According to the 55th round
of NSSO on Employment and Unemployment workers in the unorganized sector, comprise 75.36
percent of all workers while organized workers are only one fourth of the total workers 24.64%in Goa.
In Goa, the informal sector is dominated by services in the community and social sector, the trade,
hotel and tourism sector and the manufacturing and repair works sector. Thus informal service sector
in the economy seems to have picked up momentum due to;
(i) the large public sector presence in community services which led to the expansion of employment
in this sector initially, but later many private sector enterprises, came up in the decade of the
1990s to provide personal services like laundries, hair dressing salons, tailors and domestic
services,
(ii) the forward and backward linkages in tourism, trade and transport resulting in the growth of hotels
and restaurants,
12
Department of Tourism, Goa

(iii) the increase in consumer demand in favor of durable goods and the inability of the manufacturing
sector (due to the state's industrial policy) to meet the growing demand has resulted in the
increase in regional trade and transport,
(iv) the durable goods and vehicles accumulated by the households in the 90s have generated the
growth of services in the informal sector for the repair, maintenance and servicing of these goods
and
(v) the mushrooming of private institutions in health and education has also contributed much to the
growth of other services during the period.
However, this pattern of growth has led to more demand for consumer-based goods and services
rather than producer goods. Thus, growth of tourism services, manufacturing, and repairs services
has created a large informal sector economy in Goa. The informal sector in Goa contributes
significantly to its total employment but workers under it do not enjoy any social security net, job
security and protected employment.
The state is one of the most sought destinations and to ensure the safety and security of the
tourists the state government with the assistance of Travel and Tourism Association of Goa
(TTAG) has implied restrictions on the operations of informal commercial activities in the state.
“TTAG’s position is to ensure that tourists are not harassed and therefore to not allow vendors on
the beach. The government can earmark positions/ vending zones every kilometer / a couple of
kilometers fromwhere the vendors can operate.”
In 1999, TTAG started its active role towards the cleaning up of towns and now they are working
towards making the beaches free of informal sector. To quote from an article featured in 1999,
“public streets and markets in Goa’s major towns now look more spacious and clean, but at the
cost of over 5000 hawkers and kiosk-runners being deprived of their livelihood”.
The municipal authorities in the state have moved into action to obey the high court order to clean
the illegal structures against which the traders have moved to the Supreme Court with a request to
postpone the deadline till the authorities rehabilitate them in an organised manner.
The government authorities in themeanwhile also admit that they have not applied mind to create
satellite markets in the growing cities like Panaji, Mapusa, Vasco, Margao and Ponda due to
increasing urbanisation in the tourist state.” In 2010, there were security personnel deployed at
popular beaches and other spots and were given the task to ensure that beggars and vendors are
kept away so that they do not irritate tourists.
 In Goa, the informal activity is carried out by vendors which can be categorised in two groups.
First, are stationary vendors who run their business in a tiny shop/ or at a permanent location
and the other mobile vendors who roam around the beaches / village to sell the products.
 Street vending spans the rural-urban divide and attracts a large number of people selling
goods and services on streets or footpaths near temples, heritage sites, beaches, parks,
museums. They offer goods and services such as fresh fruits, vegetables, cooked food,
snacks, clothing, guide books, jewelry, tattoos, and souvenirs at low prices making them
an indispensable feature of the tourism landscape. The state is a popular tourist
destination among both foreign and domestic tourists. There long history of engagement
of civil society organisations with the issues of tourism as well as street vending in beach
areas.
 Given the present outlook and stern steps towards the informal sector growth in the state,
Panaji also is presently not experiencing any major informal activities within its
jurisdiction.

 The city core area as well as the other residential areas of the city do not have existence
of hawkers and vendors occupying or lined up along the city roads or city pockets.
However, at Dona Paula there is a stretch of 64 stalls operated by Goanwomen for many
years. The stalls are open throughout the year except for about two weeks when the
water comes up from the sea. In the past, vendors at Dona Paula have faced evictions.
The Municipality has provided a space near the police station, awayfrom the beach.
However, as the tourists do not venture into that area, the vendors are not keen on
shifting and continue to stay where they are.
 The city of Panaji is tourist hub with complex tourist related activities which forms the
economy of the people. Apart from the formal and informal commercial activities prevelant in
the city, there are other economic activities like hiring of private vehicles for the tourists which
are always in high demand. There are various options available for the tourists which
includes, motorcycle pilot bike, private bikes, private cars as well as taxis. The operators need
to register the operations to the appropriate authority. However there are lot of operators
which operate without registration.due to lack of strict enforcement of rules for such
operations.

 Similarly other informal activities includes operations of water sports activities, tourist guides,
etc The water sports activities has been recently banned in the state due to death of tourists
during one such activities which was not having proper license for operating water activities.
 There is also lack of proper information based system to hire a tourist guide developed by the
state government/ department of tourism where all such people are registered and the tourists
can have easy and reliable access to this facility.
 Licensing Policy for the shacks on the coastline of Goa, Code of Ethics for Responsible
Tourism are few of the initiatives taken by civil society organisations to address the issues
arising out of tourism.
5.4 Workforce Participation Rate

According to the provisional Census of 2011, the total number of workers in the Panaji city is 17,077
while 14,441 are non-workers. However, due to the exclusion of adjoining OG from the city area since
2002, the present workforce shows a sharp decline from 23,177 in 2001 to 17,077 in 2011.In order to
estimate appropriate present workforce the total workforce including CCP and OGs is considered for
2011. In 2001, the work participation rate was 39.23%. The work participation rate (WPR) shows an
increase from 39.23 % to 42.56% since 2001 to 2011 respectively. It is higher than the WPR of district
and Tiswadi Taluk which is 40% and 41.4% respectively. The increase in economic activities and
employment opportunities has caused the increase in work participation rate in 2011. The Table
shows the work participation rate observed over last two decades in Panaji city.
Table 21: Work Participation Rate
S. No. Details 2001 2011

1 Total workers (main + marginal) 23,177 30,220
2 Total Non-workers 35,889 40,771
Work Participation Rate (WPR) 39.23 42.56
5.5 Work Force Classification

The composition of the work force conveys a picture of the way of life of the people and their social
and economic activities. The workers’ classification has been carried out on the basis of main
workers’ data available from 2001 to 2011. The workers have been classified into the primary sector,
secondary sector and tertiary sector. The primary sector workers comprise agriculture and cultivation
labourers. The secondary sector comprises of manufacturing and household industries. The tertiary
sector comprises workers involved in the service sector, trade and commerce, and informal business
activity.
The total work force in the city has increased from 23,177 in 2001 to 30,220 in 2011.The total
workforce consists of 91.7% of main workers and 8.3% of marginal workers engaged in primary,
secondary and tertiary activities as per 2011 census.
5.5.1 Primary sector

The primary sector work force has been minimal in 2001 and 2011. In 2001 merely 184 workers were
engaged in primary sector which increased to 383 workers in 2011. The major reason for its least

contribution can be due to the highly urbanisation of the city from the past years, city’s economic
activities and the geographical setting due to which agriculture and related activities are not practiced
in the city.
5.5.2 Secondary sector

The secondary sector work force in the city also has been very less in 2001 and 2011. In 2001 the
total secondary work force was 372 which increased to 424 in 2011. The city is mainly a tourist
destination and administrative centre. The city is not well known for any household industry and
related works. Moreover, the city’s population is mostly engaged in various service sector jobs
supporting tourism and the administrative activities of the city. Hence, the workforce engaged in the
secondary sector has been very less in the last two decades.
5.5.3 Tertiary sector

The majority of the work force in the 2001 was predominately engaged in tertiary sector (97.6%).
which has been almost same in 2011 with 97.32 % of the total work force in the tertiary sector. The
city’s economy is predominantly dependent on tourism and related activities which serves as the
state’s tourist hub. The city has been also administrative centre of the state and houses all the
government offices. Apart from this, it is also a major trade and commerce centre with high
concentration of commercial activities. All these combined involves a large section of work force.
Hence, tertiary sector has been predominant in the city in the last two decades. The table and figure
below depicts the work force classification of the city’s population for the years 2001 and 2011.
Table 22: Details of Workforce
S. No. Sector 2001 2011

No. % No. %
1 Main workers 21,761 93.89% 27,709 91.69%
2 Marginal workers 1,416 6.11% 2,511 8.31%
Primary sector 184 0.79% 383 1.27%
Secondary sector 372 1.61% 424 1.40%
Tertiary sector 22,621 97.60% 29,413 97.33%
Total work force (Main 23,177 30,220
+Marginal)
There is no major change in the work force classification pattern of the city in the last decade. In
2011, the workforce engaged in primary and secondary sectors has changed minimally. The tertiary
sector has been predominant in 2001 and 2011 including to more than 95% of the total work force.
The Figure below depicts the sectorwise performance in the city in 2001 and 2011.
5.6 Key Issues/ Observations

 Tourism is the major economic driver of the city which acts as a tourist hub for the tourists
visiting the state. Apart from this second highest contributor to its economy is trade and
commerce.

 The work participation rate (WPR) shows an increase from 39.23 % to 42.56% since 2001 to
2011 respectively. The work force participation of the city is 43% which is higher than the
district and taluk average WPR.
 Very minimal work force employed in primary and secondary sectors (3%) while 98% of work
force employed in tertiary sector. The city is administrative centre, trade and commerce
centre and tourist hub. This economic profile of the city is the main reason for the high % of
work force engaged in the tertiary activities. This also indicates very high level of urbanization
in the city. There are no major industries within or in the surroundings of the city. The city
being located in the CRZ zone and ecologically sensitive zone has not been favourable for
industrial development. However, this has been favourable for the growth of tourism activities
which now is the major economy of the city.
 There is lack of adequate policy level measures for regularise and benefit the informal sector
activities within the state inspite of being one of major contributor in the economy.
 The hawking and informal commercial activities are restricted in the city to ensure safety and
no harassment be caused to the tourists by the state government. This has also restricted
the literring activities within the cities.
 The high concentration of commercial activities in the city causes various city level problems
like traffic congestion, on street parking activities, air pollution, noise pollution etc which needs
to be addressed.
 The presence of wholesale markets and godowns within the core city attracts goods traffic
into the city which adds to the traffic congestion and circulation within the city. There is no
alternate area or market area which can accommodate these activities which need not be
functioning within the city core.

6. PHYSICAL PLANNING ANDGROWTH

MANAGEMENT
6.1 Background
In Goa, the Town and Country Planning Department (TCPD), Government of Goa and North Goa
Planning and Development Authority (NGPDA) are the agencies responsible for the urban planning
function for Panaji. The role of TCPD is statutory under the Town and Country Planning Act (T&CP
Act) 1974 and advisory in nature for all the developmental activities.The TCPD is a physical planning
and development control department for the State government of Goa, with an objective to implement
various plans mentioned below;
 Regional Plan - For the entire State of Goa.
 Outline development plans (ODP) /zoning plans -For all the notified planning areas
(NPA),non-PDA towns and villages for which plans are prepared.
 Traffic and Transportation Plan.
 Conservation Area Plans.
 Development Plans for areas around Railway stations.
 Consultancy and Technical services for Government/Semi-Government agencies-
Rehabilitation/Layout plans for Residential/Industrial developments.
 Landscape Architecture services and Landscape Plans.
 Listing of Heritage buildings/ sites in the state of Goa
The spatial planning of Panaji was initially governed by zoning plans prepared in the post-liberation
period. The ODP was finalized by the NGPDA in 1989 and revised later in 1997. There is no revised
master plan for the city after the 1997 ODP. The ODP for the city has mapped the existing and
proposed land use pattern in the city limits with all the amenities, road network, major natural features
and building footprints.
6.2 Critical appraisal of Outline Development Plan (ODP)

The ODP has been prepared for the city which includes the mapping of the all the city areas with
existing and proposed land use, amenities and road network. The ODP for Panaji includes the
following.
 Indicate broadly the manner in which the land in the planning area is proposed to be used;
 Allocate areas or zones of land for use —
 For residential, commercial, industrial and agricultural purposes;
 For public and semi-public open spaces, parks and playgrounds; and
 For such other purposes as the Planning and Development Authority may think fit;
 Indicate, define and provide—
 For existing and proposed national high-ways, arterial roads, ring roads and major
streets; and
 For existing and proposed lines of communications, including railways, tram-ways,
airports and canals;

 Regulate within such zone, the location, height, number of storeys and size of buildings and
other structures, the size of yards, courts and other open spaces, and theuse of buildings,
structures and land.
However, based on the discussions it was understood that the ODP for Panaji has been prepared in
the earlier years for regulating the urban growth within the city’s limit. The ODP is required to address
the future requirements of urban growth and expansion of the city due to high urbanization over the
years which is found missing in the current plan. Also there has been no revision w.r.t to the inclusion
of the surrounding outgrowth areas of Panaji in the ODP and integration, of Panaji as well as the out-
growth areas, towards a regional approach towards urban planning for better administration and
proposing regional infrastructure such as connectivity, tourism development, transportation etc. The
ODPs looked upon as entities confined to the city jurisdiction they are implied on are missing on the
regional development approach. The state government, taking into account these short comings of
the ODPs initiated Regional Plan for Goa for the horizon year 2021 which will address to the present
requirement of development and growth and facilitate development of the overall region in a planned
and equity based manner. The existing ODP is presented in Figure 24 which shows the land use
pattern proposed for Panaji.
6.3 Building regulations proposed as per the Outline

Development Plan (ODP)
The building regulations proposed as per the Outline Development Plan for Panaji have been listed in
the Table below.
Table 23: Building Regulations applicable to various zones as per The Goa Land Development
and Building Construction Regulations, 2010
Zone Min width Max permissible Max permissible Min front Max permissible
of road coverage F.A.R. setback height
Residential (ODP/ Zoning Plan)
S4/R4 6.0 m 40% 50 7.6 m
S3/R3 6.0 m 40% 60 9.0 m
3.0 m
S2/R2 6.0 m 40% 80 11.5 m
S1/R1 6.0 m 40% 100 15.0 m
Commercial
C4 8.0 m 80 9.0 m
C3 8.0 m 100 5.0 m 14.0 m
C2 8.0 m 40% 150 20.5 m
C1* 10.0 m 200 24.0 m
10.0 m
CS 10.0 m 40% 250 28.0 m
Recreational
R 6.0 m 5% 5 5.0 m 3.0 m
Public (Institutional and Recreational
P 6.0 m 33 1/3% 100 5.0 m 15.0 m

Source: Official Gazette, Government of Goa, 2010
Notes:
1) C1* zones shall be restricted to Central Business District (CBD) areas of Municipal Council/
/Corporation areas of Panaji, Margao, Mormugao, Mapusa and Ponda only. ODP’s shall
demarcate such areas in the plans.
2) Wherever commercial use is proposed in Zones S1, S2, S3, & S4, the minimum front setback
stipulated shall be 5.00 m.
3) Farm houses within A1 and A2 zones shall be permitted, provided these lands are not
classified as “Rice” (Paddy field) in Survey Records and “Forest” under Forest Act.
4) In zones where the coverage is specified as 40%, the same may be relaxed to 50% if the
construction is restricted to ground and one upper floor only.
5) Wherein basement is not provided 50% of the covered area in buildings falling in zones C1
and C2 have to be compulsorily reserved for parking on stilts.
6) In case prescribed parking area is provided on the plot itself, Compulsion of Stilt/Basement
should not be insisted upon.
7) Wherever construction of basement is possible beyond the ground floor coverage, for parking
purpose, additional basement area extending beyond the ground floor coverage may be
permitted, which shall not be considered in coverage calculation.
8) In case of areas falling within CRZ shall be strictly governed as per CRZ Regulations in force.
9) In the settlement zone in Regional Plan, the normal uses permitted are residential and its
complimentary uses, commercial and its complimentary uses, recreational, public utilities and
services only. Any other uses may be permitted on special grounds by the Government on
merit of each case.
10) In case of special commercial the clear space of the 5 mts. shall be left all around the
building. In case of a building with dead wall on one side a clear way of 5 mts. shall be kept
and the clear height of 4.5 mts.
11) In all buildings only one stilt floor either on the ground floor or on the first floor shall be
counted free for FAR purpose.
12) All the areas outside the ODP (Outline Development Plan) shall conform to the classification
of settlements as approved in the finally notified Regional Plan for Goa 2021.
13) In IT parks established by Department of Information Technology, Government of Goa,
IT/ITES shall be allowed on all plots/premises abutting on roads of more than 10 meter with a
maximum FAR of 150.
14) In Zone P building shall be allowed with FAR of 100 on all plots fronting roads having width
less than 8 meter, however on roads having width of more than 8 meter the FAR shall be 125.
The maximum height of building in Zone P shall be 16 meters.
6.4 Constituents of Planning Area

The Panaji city which is covered under the revised ODP covers a total area of 8.30 km² which covers
entire city and parts ofoutgrowth areas. The city area was restricted to core city after gaining the
status of City Corporation which comprises a total area of 8.12 km².
6.5 Projected Population under Outline Development Plan

The ODP for Panaji has been prepared for the CCP jurisdiction. The ODP does not project population
growth over the years and is been a tool to regulate the physical growth, building bye laws and land
use zoning within the city as per its zoning regulations

6.6 Spatial Growth Trends

Panaji, when found, was well defined by
the River Mandovi, the Ourem Creek and Figure 23: Spatial Growth Trends - Panaji
the Altinho hillock. Naturally, these formed
physical barriers for the city’s expansion.
Consequently, initial outlets for growth
were along Miramar and Caranzalem.
As the city grew, peripheral villages
Taleigao, St. Cruz, Merces and Bambolim
fled the pressure of this natural expansion.
Development of strong linkages in the form
of bridges across the River Mandovi
provided a sitting for the induced expansion
at Porvorim. As a result, the population of
Porvorim, then consisting of four small
villages, now has a population that almost
equals Panaji’s population.
The natural expansion of the city in the
direction of Miramar-Caranzalem has been
shifted to some extent on account of the
reservation of a large portion of available land (230 hectares) on the plateau for the use of Goa
University. As a result, this area has also become a low-density, posh residential area. The only
option therefore was for Porvorim to gain importance as a major satellite of Panaji. This has been
compounded by the fact that Goa’s new Legislative Assembly complex located at the Porvorim
Plateau is essentially being used for residential purposes and bears the typical characteristic of a
dormitory town with a few scattered institutional buildings. As a consequence, commercial ribbon-
development along the NH17 has taken place. This is an undesirable trend, which needs some
measure of control. Another trend that is developing is that of conurbation between Panaji and
Mapusa diminishing the rural-urban distinction.
The city is highly dense and will keep growing over the years putting pressure on the land use. The
city is has already changed its residential character to commercial and institutional being the
administrative and economic hub. The high influx of tourist throughout the year has caused high
increase in commercial establishments catering to the needs of the tourists. The residential areas in
the city have shifted towards the new areas which were proposed and developed under the proposed
ODP. Due to the high real estate price, congestion and densification there is shift of residential areas
to the adjoining outgrowths of the city. It is therefore important to plan the future development of
these adjoining outgrowth areas along with the city area in a planned manner and with the view of
reducing the load on Panaji.
6.6.1 Land Rates

Since many decades, Goa has been considered as the most popular destination for owning a holiday
home – both by Indians and foreigners alike. The pristine beaches, white sands, colourful flea
markets, and most importantly the architectural diversity make Goa a holiday home buyer’s ultimate
paradise.

Real estate in Panaji is booming due to the rising number of monumental structures, residential
complexes and educational institutes.Land property in Panaji needs to be expanded as industries,
hotels, tourist- spots are growing in huge numbers. The city is located very close to the River Mandovi
hence the weather is very pleasant and cool. Thus, increasing number of people are investing on
Panaji land property. Tourists coming from various parts of the world are gradually setting up their
base in the capital city of Goa for more than one reason. Real estate industry players confirm that the
prices of flats, apartments and bungalows in the tourist belt and urban areas of Goa have got hotter in
the last five years. Land prices are also being revalued every six months, inevitably escalating the
cost further.Experts admit that the prices in localities like Dona Paula, near Panaji, which is
overlooking the Arabian Sea have gone out of bound for middle or upper middle class families.
With several million tourists visiting the state each year, Goa gives very high rental returns. Most of
the foreign tourists who come to Goa stay for longer periods, thus renting a holiday home is more
practical option. Additionally, hotels of Goa are unable to accommodate the huge rush the state sees
during peak season. As such holiday homes become the only alternative for tourists.
The available data on land rates has been examined to understand the real estate growth/trends in
the city. As indicated in the Table below, Altinho, Dona Paula, Miramar and Porvorim are the prime
areas having a land value of ranging from about Rs 3000 - Rs. 39000 per sq. ft. The commercial
areas of the city possess property values ranging from Rs 3000 – Rs 9500 per sq. ft. The Table
depicts average land rates prevalent for properties for various areas within the city as well as in its
emerging developments.
Table 24: Land rates in per square feet in various zones in the city and its surroundings
Sl. No Name of the area Zone Flats/Apartments Individual houses Plots

1 Panaji Bazaar Central 5500 9500 600
2 Panaji city Central 7000 3500 1000
3 Dona Paula South 9500 6000 5750
4 Miramar South 9000 - -
5 Altinho Northern 3000 19000 -
6 Caranzelam North 3500 - -
7 Kadamba Circle North - East 7500 4500 1200
8 Porvorim North 4000 39000 -
9 Taleigaon South 6500 6500 2000
Source: Sulekha properties
6.7 Spatial Distribution of Population

Panaji, being the state capital and district head quarter and also tourism hub, has the maximum
pressure of development activity. The central area of Panaji has grid-iron pattern and was initially
dominated by a large number of buildings of administrative, civic and religious uses later changed into
a commercial areas due to sharp increaseof price of land in the central area.As a consequence, there
is a high intensity land use which has generated traffic congestion, breakdown of civic infrastructure
and marginalization of the pedestrian movement. The rapid growth of city without increase in its
physical area has resulted in many problems like gap between the demand and supply of basic

infrastructure and amenities. This has further disturbed the circulation system as well as the drainage
system.
6.8 Land Use Analysis

The existing land use for Panaji CCP has been analysed to assess the present urban growth and
area allocation earmarked for various land uses as per the URDPFI norms. The city area has 66% of
developed area while 34% of undevelopable area. The city’s landuse is predominantlyof residential
type (50.91%) with a high concentration of commercial land use within the core city area (15.45%). A
major portion of the city is part of eco sensitive zone consisting of 4% land under water shed, 4% land
under conservation while 25% of the land under natural resources. These totally consume 34% of the
total city area which is not permissible for urban growth and expansion. The city has no industrial set
ups hence no land is under industrial land use. The land use pattern for the city has been compared
and assessed with the URDPFI guidelines in the further section. The Table 21 below gives the
breakup of the existing land use within the city.
Table 25: Existing Land use for Panaji
S. No Land use Area in sq. km. %

1 Residential 2.80 50.91
2 Commercial 0.85 15.45
3 Industrial -
4 Institutional/ Government 0.75 13.64
5 Transport/ Communications 0.30 5.45
6 Parks/ Playground 0.80 14.55
Developed Area 5.50 (66%) 100%
7 Natural Resources 2.09
8 Conservation/ Preservation 0.34
9 Defence land 0.07
10 Watershed 0.30
Undevelopable area 2.80 (34%)
13
Total 8. 30 (100%)
Source: CDP Panaji, 2006
6.8.1 Comparison with URDPFI guidelines

The existing land use has been compared with URDPFI guidelines to assess the adequacy of existing
areas under various category/zones. As indicated in the Table below, the city lacks adequate land use
share under recreational and transportation landuse. The residential, commercial and public and
semi-public use is meeting URDPFI guidelines but exceeds the norms. The residential character of
the city is predominet. However, high percentage of area under commercial and public-semi public is
13 2
The area in the table under, adding upto 8.30 km is as per the Outline Development Plan (ODP) prepared by
the North Goa Planning Authority.

mainly due to the city’s commercial growth and existence of all state administrative offices in the city.
The Table below shows a comparison of the existing land use in the city with URDPFI guidelines.
Table 26: Existing land use and comparison with URDPFI guidelines
Category URDPFI guidelines Existing Meets the benchmark

Residential 40-45% 50.91% exceeds
Commercial 3-4% 15.45% exceeds
Industrial 8-10% 0% Nil
Public & Semi Public 10-12% 13.64% exceeds
Recreational 18-20% 14.55% no
Transportation 12-14% 5.45% no
Source: URDPFI guidelines, 2014 and CDP, 2006
6.8.1.1 Residential Use
The residential area contributes to 50.91% of the total land use in the city. As per URDPFI guidelines
40 to 45% of the total land use should be under residential purpose. Hence the residential area in the
city is adequate and in excess. The residential area of the city is mainly concentrated towards the
Southern part of the city. The residential areas include areas of Altinho, Campal, Miramar, Donapaula,
Caranzalem, St. Inez etc.
6.8.1.2 Commercial Use
The total commercial land use in the city is 15.45% which is mainly concentrated in the old city area of
Panaji which is much higher than the URDPFI norms. The city is the commercial and tourist hub with
98% work force employed in the tertiary sector. As seen in the figure above the commercial area of
the city is spread across entire core city area occupying more area than the norms. The commercial
areas include the core city area and newly proposed commercial area at EDC, Patto.
6.8.1.3 Industrial
Presently no industries/industrial estates located within the city limits and its surroundings.
6.8.1.4 Public and Semi-public zones
The public and semi-public areas contribute to about 13.64% of the total land use which is slightly
higher than the URDPFI guidelines of 10 -12%. Being administrative centre it has concentration of all
government offices and other public utilities like auditoriums, community halls, public library,
educational institutions, churches, temples etc. . The public and semi-public areas are mostly
concentrated in the central core city along with the thriving commercial areas.
6.8.1.5 Recreational
As per the URDPFI guidelines a minimum of 18-20% of the total city area should be allocated for
recreational purpose. Hence, Panaji has inadequate parks, playgrounds at present which covers only
14.55% of the city area scattered all over the city. Moreover, these areas lack recreational activities/
focal point which can attract the locals as well as tourists. The parks also lack adequate infrastructure
like landscaping, children play area, jogging tracks, cafeteria etc. The details of the parks located in
the city has been explained further in detail in Section 7 of this report

6.8.1.6 Transportation
The roads and transportation zone contributes to only about 5.45% of the total land use which is
inadequate when compared to the guidelines. As per the URDPFI norms at least 12-14 % of the land
should be under roads and transportation zone. The road network of the city comprises of major spine
road NH-4A passing throughout from North to South. Grid iron pattern road network planned during
the time of Portugal rule forms the city core of the city. The city roads have no scope for expansion
due to inavailaibility of adequate land in the city limits.

Figure 24: Outline Development Plan for Panaji

6.9 Regional Plan - Goa 2021

In Goa, there are five planning areas viz. Panaji Planning area, Mapusa Planning area, Vasco
Planning area, Margao Planning area and Ponda Planning area which are administered and
controlled through the ODPs and the relevant sections of the TCP Act 1974by the respective planning
and development authorities (PDA). A number of plans in form of ODP and Zonal Plans (ZP) have
been prepared in the past, implemented and used for development control. A frequent overlapping of
the Regional Plan 2001 vis-à-vis the Zoning Plans, ODP etc. has been observed. There have been
frequent alterations of administrative boundaries of the PDAs resulting in to issues pertaining to lack
of congruence between multiple plans and lack oftransparency among the public. Recently the state
Level committee (SLC) has recommended streamlining of present scenario by discontinuing the old
practice of ODPs and the zoning Plans and bringing all the areas (outside the PlanningAreas) into a
single platform of the Regional Plan for Goa (RPG) 2021. After the RPG is implied all other plans shall
not be applicable for the development areas within the state.
The state level committee has prepared the Report for RPG-2021 and at present it is under the
process of amendments after which it will be taken up for implementation. RP 2021 is a plan that
promotes growth within a framework of conservation. It recognizes the environmental problems that
the two major sectors viz. mining and tourism, have caused to the state. The main thrust of the plan
has been creating Eco-Sensitive Zones so as to conserve the natural and cultural heritage of the
state. Further in order to correct imbalanced development within the state as well as to separate Goa-
destined and non Goa-destined traffic, the roads in the midlands are proposed to be upgraded and 3
new hubs are planned at intersections of road and rail networks. New hubs are proposed in the
midland areas in Pernem, Usgaon-Dharbandora and Quepem. Midlands are being developed through
infrastructure development.
The Pernem hub is in the vicinity of the newly proposed international airport at the Northern tip of
Goa- at Mopa, Pernem. Also planned is a commuter train service within Goa which will help a number
of daily commuters within the state, who often depend on erratic bus services for their commute. It is
hoped that this will lead to a reduced growth rate in the coastal belt and an accelerated growth rate in
the midlands. Settlement plans are to be developed by the settlements in keeping with the spirit of the
73rd/74th CAA. A tourism master plan is to be put in place and for tourist hot-spots critical area plans
are to be prepared. Mining leases which are in EcoSensitive Zones are to be phased out.

Figure 25: Regional growth and landuse as per Regional Plan 2021
Source: Regional Plan 2021

Figure 26: Regional Plan for Tiswadi Taluka
Source: Regional Plan 2021
6.10 Urban planning functions and reforms

The responsibility ofurban and land use planning in Goa is vested on the Town and Country Planning
Department (TCPD). The Town and Country Planning Department is statutory body formed under the
T&CP Act, 1974 and responsible for all the developmental activities under the other relevant Acts,
Regulations/Byelaws/Rules framed under them applicable in the state. It is a physical planning and
development control department for the state, with an objective to implement various development
plans like regional plan, outline development plans/ zoning plans, traffic &transportation plan,
conservationarea plans, developmentplans for areas around railway stations, rehabilitation/ layout
plans for residential/ industrial developments, landscape planning and listing of heritage buildings/
sites.The TCPD is headed by a Chief Town Planner (CTP) who reports to the chairman who is the
Minister in charge of town and country planning. The CTP is assisted by Town Planning Officers
(TPO) and further by the department staff at the main office such as town planning supervisors and
draftsmen.
In, Goa under the ambit of TCP Act 1974, two development authorities viz. North Goa planning and
development authority (NGPDA) and South Goa planning and development authority (SGPDA) are
constituted with a mandate of planning and development control in their area. Panaji, being situated in
the North Goa district, comes under the purview of NGPDA. The primary function of the development
authority is to prepare land use plans, area development plans, regulate and ensure that the building
byelaws are followed as per the ODP for the city.
6.10.1 Goa Town and Country Planning Act

a) Town and Country Planning Department
The functions of the TCPD is to guide, direct and assist the Planning and Development Authorities, to
advise the Government in matters relating to the planning, development and use of rural and urban
land in the state, and to perform such other functions as the Government may, from time to time,
assign to the Board.
 Direct the preparation of development plans by the Planning and Development Authorities;
 Undertake, assist and encourage the collection, maintenance and publication of statistics,
bulletins and monographs on planning and its methodology;
 Co-ordinate and advice on the planning and implementation of physical development
programmes within the state;
 Prepare and furnish reports relating to the working of this Act; and
 Perform such other functions as are incidental, supplemental or consequential to any of the
functions aforesaid or which may be prescribed.
b) North Goa Planning and Development Authority
The major functions of North Goa Planning and Development Authority are as follows:
 To prepare an Existing Land Use Map;
 To prepare an Outline Development Plan;
 To prepare a Comprehensive Development Plan;
 To prepare and prescribe uses of land within its area; and
 To prepare schemes of development and undertake their implementation,
For these purposes, it may carry out surveys of the planning area, prepare report/ survey reports and
perform such other functions as required.
c) Heritage committee under Town and Country Planning Department
The Outline Development Plan 2011 (ODP) of Panaji has declared five areas as “Conservation Zone”,
and marked as “F” category. They are (1) Campal, (2) Mandovi river fronts (3) Fontainhas & Portais,
(4) Altinho and (5) Fonduvem, Ribandar. These five conservation areas consist of distinct heritage
value (comprising of 1000 odd buildings) within the city.
The TCPD has formed a heritage committee whose main function is to work towards the conservation
and preservation of the heritage areas, sites and structures within the state. The Town and Country
Planning Department (T&CP) has surveyed the structures in the city and listed all the structures and
sites in the city having heritage value. As per this list there are about 118 heritage structures/ sites in
Panaji itself located in the heritage zones earmarked. (Refer Annexure 4). The TCPD is in process of
formulating regulatory guidelines to regulate the development in these areas with the assistance of
Charles Correa Foundation (CCF).
6.10.2 Corporation of City of Panaji Act, 2002

a) Corporation for the City of Panaji (CCP)
The city of Panaji Corporation Act 2002 has been enacted under the Goa Municipalities Act, 1968.
The Act has been implemented taking into consideration the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act.
Although the act defines the power, discretionary and obligatory functions of municipality, most of the

functions are still performed by the state level departments. As per the CCP Act, 2002, responsibility
of CCP is only to the extent of providing services w.r.t. construction licenses, solid waste
management, and birth and death registration.
6.10.3 Reforms
The Goa Town and Country Planning Act has witnessed several amendments/ reforms as per the
changing scenario of land development in the state. The same has been applicable for the city of
Panaji.
The Constitution of India was amended in 1992 (73rd for Rural India and 74th for Urban India) to
ensure down-top participatory governance (through Municipalities and Village Panchayats) with the
support of on-going top-down legislative and financial dispensations through the Center and the
States of the Union.The state of Goa is no exception despite a 1996 model Urban and Regional
Planning and Development Plans Formulation (URDPFI) guidelines as recommended by the Ministry
of Urban Development, Government of India and subsequent stress on Governance reforms (2002)
as a prerequisite for accessing JNNURM funds. On these lines, the state government has constituted
a Committee (2010) to propose a new/ amended Town and Country Planning Act (no time-frame has
14
been indicated in the notification).
6.10.4 Roles and responsibilities of CCP and Parastatals

The function of town planning has not been transferred on real-time basis to CCP.As mentioned
earlier; TCPD and NGPDA are responsible for the urban planning function within the state and city.
The key roles and responsibilities of the agencies are indicated in the table below.
Table 27: Roles and responsibilities of CCPand para-statal agencies in urban planning
Agency Roles and Responsibility

TCPD and NGPDA Under the city planning functions, urban planning and preparation of
master and land use plans is the responsibility of the parastatals agencies
viz. Town and Country Planning Office (TCPO) and North Goa Planning
and Development Authority (NGPDA)
CCP The function of building plan approval and issue of construction license is
executed by CCP.
6.10.5 Key Observations/ Issues

 Out of the total area of 8.30 sq. km 5.5 sq. km. (66%) is developed while 2.8 sq. km. (34%) is
under non developable land. Hence, the city is facing an acute shortage of developable land
at present with no scope for future expansion.
 The city has predominantly residential character with 50.91% of area under residential land
use. The city has high percentage of area under commercial and public and semi public use
being a major tourist hub and administrative centre of the state.
 There is high deficit of area under traffic and transportation 5.45% as compared to the
URDPFI guidelines norms of 12-14%. This is due to the city’s growth along the water front
14
“The recommended Goa Development Planning Act – 2010” , Fr. Maverick Fernandes -Executive Secretary, Council for
Social Justice and Peace,

which is served by one major road. The other roads are mainly the commercial and residential
roads inter connected and linked to this major spine passing throughout the city. There is no
land available for the expansion of the present road network within the city.
 The recreational areas within the city contribute to 14.55% of the total developed area which
is at present inadequate as per URDPFI guidelines and needs to be improved with proper
infrastructure facilities.
 The city lacks a proper land use planning for the future growth and expansion of the city. At
present the ODP for Panaji covers only the CCP area and its outgrowth areas which have
already urbanized. There is lack of proper mapping of the administrative boundaries within the
CCP area and surrounding outgrowth areas.
 The CCP has a very minimal role in the development planning of the city

7. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
7.1 Background
Panaji houses major educational and health facilities. The city has number of primary, secondary and
higher secondary schools in the city. Apart from this, the city has various colleges and technical
institutions. The health facilities of the city are taken care by the Goa hospital located in Bambolim
which also has the Medical College. Apart from this, there are plenty of health facilities in the city
provided by the private sector. The city has number of parks and playground facilities to cater to the
needs of the people. Presently CCP is not having a major role in the provision of various social
infrastructures except maintenance of few city level parks.
7.2 Heath Facilities

The Directorate of Health Services, Goa is the government body is providing and operating the public
health facilities in the city. The CCP has no role presently in the provision of the health facilities in the
city.
7.2.1 Existing Situation

The city of Panaji is well equipped with good health facilities. There are number of private multi-
specialty hospitals, clinics and dispensaries which are adequate to cater to the city’s present need.
Goa Medical College hospital is the government hospital which is located in Bambolim adjacent to the
CCP area. There is one urban health centre maintained by Directorate of Health Services, Goa with a
staff of 95 employees including 6 nos. of doctors and 40 nos. of nurses within the Panaji CCP. On an
average it receives 80 to 100 patients per day. Apart from this, there is one medical laboratory at
Campal. The health facilities in the city are mainly located in the areas adjoining the core city area
towards the Northern part of the city. The Northern part of the city is equipped with major city level
health amenities and remains accessible for the city as well as the adjoining urban centres and rural
areas due to good connectivity.Thus, at present the health facilities catering to the city region are
adequate. The health facilities in the cityare presented in Table below.
Table 28: Health facilities in Panaji
S. No. Health facilities Number

1 Goa Medical College Hospital in Bambolim 1
2 Urban Health centre, Panaji CCP 1
3 Medical Laboratory, Panaji CCP 1
4 Health centre 3
5 Family Welfare Centre 3
6 Nursing home 5
7 TB clinic 1
8 Other Medical institutions 11

Source: Panaji CCP and ibid
7.2.2 Public Health Indicators

The health indicators which represent the health conditions in the city have been listed in the Table 29
and 26. Total births and occurred in the city has been almost the same over the past years except in
2012-13. The infant mortality rate is quite low in the state in comparison to the national average.
Table 29:Health Indicators
Description 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13

No. of births 929 968 929 952 1058
No. of deaths 563 508 534 520 608
Source: PanajiCCP
Table 30: Comparison of Health Indicators
Indicators Goa state (2011) India (2012 -13)

Life expectancy at birth NA NA
15
Infant mortality rate (%) 11 44
16
Maternal mortality ratio NA 212
Total fertility rate NA 2.4
7.2.3 Role of CCP in Health Programmes

The CCP is not involved in health programmes or schemes for the welfare of the people. The Health
Department is only body taking care of the health facilities in the city.
7.2.4 Comparison with URDPFI norms

The health facilities within the city at present includes adequate numbers of nursing homes, child
welfare and maternity centres, general hospital and urban health centre/ diagnostic centre. However,
the city has inadequate numbers of dispensaries and no facilities like polyclinic, veterinary hospital
and vet dispensary. The Table below lists the existing health facilities in comparison with the URDPFI
norms.
Table 31: Health Facilities
Health care facility UDPFI Guidelines Requirement No. of Met the

as per hospitals Benchmark
guidelines
Dispensary 1 for 15000 population 5 1 No
Nursing home, child 45000 to 1 lakh population 2 8 Yes
15
The Infant mortality rate (IMR) which is the number of deaths of children less than one year of age per 1000 live births.
16
Maternal mortality ratio defined as pregnancy-related death of a woman per 1000 live births

Health care facility UDPFI Guidelines Requirement No. of Met the

as per hospitals Benchmark
guidelines
welfare and maternity
centre
Polyclinic 1 for 1 lakh population 1 1 Yes
General Hospital 1 for 2.5 lakh population 1 1 Yes
(NBC)
Urban Health centre 1 for 0.5 lakh population 2 4 Yes
Diagnostic centre
Veterinary Hospital for 1 for 5 lakh population 2 4 Yes
pets and animals
Dispensary for pet 1 for 1 lakh population 8 8 Yes
animals and birds
7.2.5 Key Issues

 The present health facilities for the city lack health facilities like dispensaries, polyclinic,
veterinary hospital and dispensary for pet animals and birds as per URDPFI norms.
7.3 Educational Facilities

The public educational facilities within the city are managed
under the Directorate of Education, Goa. Panaji is educational
centre and houses well known educational institutes. The
city’s educational institutes offers various degree courses,
professional education courses and technical courses. There
are nine higher secondary schools, one open school and
three special schools in the city. Apart from this, there are two
degree colleges, nine professional education colleges, six
public libraries and two technical institutes in the city.
The city educational facilities comprises of well known schools and high schools viz. •Don Bosco High
School, Sharada Mandir at Miramar, Rosary High School at Miramar, Mary Immaculate Girls High
School at Fontainhas, Santa Cruz High School at Santa Cruz, Peoples High School at Mala etc. The
Goa Medical college is located in Bambolim which lies in the outskirts of the Panaji city. Other
prestigious educational institutions like Goa College of Architecture, Goa College of Arts & Sciences.
Goa College of Pharmacy, Dempo College of Commerce and Economics at Altinho, Dhempe College
of Arts and Sciences at Miramar, V. M. Salgaocar College of Law at Miramar are also housed in
Panaji. The city also has other educational facilities like public libraries. The Goa University is located
at Taleigao in the vicinity of the city limits.
The educational facilities in Panaji are adequate with sufficient number of educational institutes and
teaching staff. The high literacy rate of 87% in Panaji city as per 2011 Census confirms availability of
adequate educational facilities in the city. The major concentration of the educational facilities is also
towards the Northern and Eastern part of the city. The major educational institutions like Polytechnic
college, Goa college of Arts and Goa medical college and well known schools like Don Bosco, Mary

Immaculate Girls High School etc are located around the core city area in the Northern and Eastern
part of the city. However, given the city’s area the educational facilities are easily accessible to the
entire city. The Table below shows the details of educational facilities within the city.
Table 32: Educational facilities
S. Educational Numbers Enrolment Teachers Student

No facilities to
Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total
Teacher
Ratio
1 Primary 18 - - 3543 - - 130 27
2 Secondary 13 - - 8199 - - 276 30
3 Higher 9 737 685 1422 - - 149 10
Secondary
schools
4 Special schools 3 91 77 168 5 23 28 6
5 Open Schools 1 136 66 202 0 0 0 -
6 Degree colleges 2 675 1205 1880 26 50 76 25
7 Professional 9 910 1530 2440 46 70 116 21
Education
colleges
8 Technical 2 1050 279 1329 64 33 97 14
Institutes
Source: Directorate of Education, Goa

The educational facilities within the city at present includes adequate numbers of pre-primary, nursery
school, primary school, senior secondary school, degree colleges, technical education centres,
medical college and other professional course colleges. This indicates the city is well equipped with
good educational facilities. The literacy rate in the city is also high with 87% literates as per 2011
Census. However, the city lacks facilities like integrated school (with hostel facility), schools for
physically challenged and mentally challenged, engineering college and nursing and paramedical
institute. The Table below lists the existing educational facilities in comparison with the URDPFI
norms.
Table 33: Existing education facilities’ comparison with URDPFI norms
Educational facilities URDPFI Actual Existing Met the

Guidelines requirement 2013 Benchmark
for 2013
Pre-primary to secondary education
Pre-primary, nursery school 1 for 2500 28 33 Yes
population
Primary school 1 for 5000 14 18 Yes
population
Senior secondary school 1 for 7500 10 27 Yes
population

Educational facilities URDPFI Actual Existing Met the

Guidelines requirement 2013 Benchmark
for 2013
Integrated school (with hostel 1 for 90000 to 1 1 0 No
facility) lakh
School for physically challenged 1 for 45000 1 0 No
population
School for mentally challenged 1 for 10 lakh 1 0 No
population
Higher education
College 1 for 1.25 lakh 1 11 Yes
Technical education 1 for 10 lakh 1 2 Yes
population
Professional education
Engineering college 1 for 10 lakh 1 0 No
population
Medical college 1 for 10 lakh 1 1 Yes
population
Other professional college 1 for 10 lakh 1 1 Yes
population
Nursing and paramedical 1 for 10 lakh 1 0 No
institute population
7.3.3 Key Concerns

 The high literacy rate in the city indicates good access to educational facilities in the city.
 Assessing the educational facilities w.r.t the city region population as per URDPFI guidelines
the present educational facilities in the city is good with adequate preprimary, primary, senior
secondary, degree colleges, technical education institute, medical college and other
professional courses colleges.
 However, the city lacks educational facilities like engineering college, school for physically
challenged, school for mentally challenged, integrated school facility and nursing and
paramedical institute.
7.4 PAWS – Panaji Animal Welfare Society

PAWS - Panjim Animal Welfare Society is an NGO animal shelter. PAWS rescues and brings the
dogs for treatment and eventually for adoption at their shelter located St.Inez, Panjim. The dogs are
taken care of and nursed to health if they are sick. If they dogs are healthy, they are immediately put
up for adoption on the social networking website of the PAWS.

Photograhps of the animals put up for adoption on the page of PAWS on the social networking website
7.5 Recreation
7.5.1 City-Level Parks and playgrounds

The green spaces in Panaji are managed and maintained either under CCP or Forest department,
Government of Goa. There are 14 numbers of parks and 25 numbers of other lawns / landscaped
2
traffic islands in the CCP area. As per the present land use pattern 0.80 km of the city area is under
parks and open spaces which is 14.55% of the total area. This does not suffice the minimum
allocation of 18-20% under recreational zone as per urban and regional design plan formulation and
implementation (URDPFI) guidelines. Hence, the city has inadequate number of parks and open
spaces.
Miramar is the only recreational area within the municipal limits which is extensively used as a
recreational area by the residents, visitors, both domestic and international tourists. Apart from this,
there are city level parks and playgrounds which are less preferred by the locals due to lack of proper
infrastructure and poor maintainence. The city is equipped with other recreational facilities like 3
cinema halls and 11 auditoriums. The prominent among these is the Kala Academy which is well
known internationally for its cultural programmes.
Table 34: List of Parks and Open spaces
S. No Parks/ Open space Locality

1 Garcia De Horta (Municipal Garden) Church square
2 Peixe Mulher Garden Opposite Tourism residency
3 Menezes Braganza City centre
4 Salvador Souza -
5 Francisco Luis Gomes Campal
6 Opposite Collectors Office Panaji
7 Near River Navigation Panaji
8 Military Garden Campal
9 Garden Esperanca Hospital Miramar

S. No Parks/ Open space Locality

10 Bogolin Villas Garden Miramar
11 Around Transformer Miramar
12 Rotary Garden Miramar
13 Opp. Baban Naik’s Residence -
14 Island around D.B Monument -
15 Joggers Park, Altinho Altinho
16 Peixe Mulher Garden -
Source: Panaji CCP

The parks facilities within the city at present include adequate numbers of housing area park,
neighbourhood parks and community parks. However, the city lacks city and district level parks within
the city. The city has 14.55% of the land use under open spaces and parks which is inadequate as
per the norms. The area of the parks within the city is not available hence the breakup of various
hierarchies of park area’s adequacy or deficit as per the URDPFI norms has not been assessed. The
Table below lists the existing parks facilities in comparison with the URDPFI norms.
Table 35: Comparison of existing parks with URDPFI guidelines
Category of No. of parks Unit area Required Existing Met the

park required in Ha area in Ha facilities (nos.) Benchmark
(2013)
Housing Area 1 for 5000 0.5 7 16 Yes
Park population
Neighbourhood 1 for 15000 1 5
park population
Community 1 for 1 lakh 5 5
park population
District park 1 for 5 lakh 25 25 0 No
population
Sub city park 1 for 10 lakh 100 100 0 No
population
Total 292 80
Source: ODP, Panaji and URDPFI guidelines
7.5.3 Sports centre and Stadiums

The Sports Authority of Goa is the administrative body which is responsible to plan, develop,
construct, acquire, take over, manage, maintain and utilize sports infrastructure, facilities , ancillary
buildings, play fields, grounds etc in Goa, as per the directives of the Government of Goa.
Presently there is an indoor stadium in the city located at Campal developed by Sports Authority of
Goa. It has facilities for athletics, swimming table tennis, boxing, judo and volleyball. A number of
sports events take place inside this state-of-the-art facility.

Table 36: Comparison of existing facility with URDPFI guidelines
Playground UDRFI Area in Required area Existing Met the

Guidelines Ha in Ha 2013 facilities (nos.) Benchmark
Residential unit 1for 5000 0.5 7 N.A. N.A
play area population
Neighbourhood 1 for 15000 1.5 7 1 Yes
play area population
District sports 1 for 100000 8 8 1 Yes
center population
Divisional 1 for 1000000 20 20 0 No
sports center population
Total 42 2
Source: URDPFI guidelines
7.5.5 Commercial facilities

2
Panaji has a total commercial area of 0.85 km which constitutes 15.45% of the total city land use.
Panaji is a major trade centre as well as the tourist hub which has given thrust on increase in the
commercial establishments in the city. The city core has been predominantly become the commercial
hub of the city. There is one market building in the city which is built by CCP Panaji which includes
the vegetable market, fish market, fruit market and other commodities. Apart from this, the Panaji
CCP possesses four commercial properties, eight municipal plots and five petrol pumps in the city.
The detail of the same has been listed in the table below.
Table 37: Municipal Property/ Commercial Complexes
Location Purpose Used For Number of Shops

1. Commercial buildings
Near Old Eldorado Cinema hall 1
Tonca Municipal Building, Commercial 1
Talaegaon
Office building of Panaji CCP Administration 1
Praca de Commercio Commercial 1
2. Municipal land 1
Cafeteria plot at Panjim Commercial 1
Municipal plot at St. Inez 1
Municipal Plot at Cine National Hall Commercial 1
Municipal market plot surrounding Commercial 1
the CCP office
Municipal plot at Ninho Infantil - 1
Fountainhas
Municipal plot at Azad Maidan - 1

Location Purpose Used For Number of Shops

Municipal plot at Boca de Vaca - 1
Plot at Sao Pedro village panchyat - 1
3. Petrol pumps -
Sinary Petrol pump Commercial 1
Umesh Keni petrol pump Commercial 1
Contoco petrol pump Commercial 1
Mr Dalvi Petrol pump Commercial 1
P.P. Agency Petrol pump Commercial 1
Source: Panaji CCP
7.5.6 Other facilities

The other amenities include one post office with two sub post offices, three cinema halls, one
stadium, eleven community halls, five numbers of public libraries and six numbers of reading rooms.
The city is also well equipped with major banks, ATM outlets, commodity shops and markets. The city
being tourist hub has adequate number of accommodation facilities viz. hotels, guest houses, resorts,
tourist homes etc of all income groups, restaurants, taxi and two wheeler hire groups, tour guides,
signage and other essential tourist facilities. There is one burial ground and one Hindu crematorium
located at St. Inez which is maintained by CCP.
7.5.7 Fire and Emergency services

The Fire Service in Goa has been constituted under the Fire Force Act 1986. Under section 4 of the
Act, the superintendence and control of the Fire Force vests with the Director of Fire and Emergency
Services. Operationally fire service consists of one headquarter, three sub divisions and a fire
prevention and training Cell, each headed by a gazetted officer.
A fire station is the basic unit of fire service organisation. Two or three appliances of the above
description and an ambulance are provided under the charge of a station officer / assistant station
officer depending on the risk potential and area to be covered by the station. In order to ensure
effective command and control, fire stations are grouped under command of Asst. Divisional Officer
for operational activities. There are three sub-divisions viz Panaji, Ponda and Margao each under the
control of respective Assistant Divisional Officer’s for mobilisation.
At present there are twelve numbers of fire stations and one headquarters with an approved technical
strength of 524 personnel and 44 articulated vehicles of various nomenclature. The fire stations are
located in the state at Panaji, Margao, Vasco, Curchorem, Canacona, Pernem, Mapusa, Ponda,
Bicholim, Valpoi, Old-Goa andVerna.
The district fire station Panaji includes the urban centres of Panaji, Mapusa, Pernem, Vasco and
Pilerne and located in St Inez. It has a fire station and a training academy. It caters to Panaji city and
the surrounding areas for firefighting and other emergency services. The district fire station of Panaji
is well equipped at present for the firefighting mitigation in the city and the other urban centers under
its purview. The Table below lists the firefighting equipments located in District Fire station of Panaji.
Table 38: Fire fighting facilities in Panaji
S. No Fire fighting equipments Total Panaji Fire station

S. No Fire fighting equipments Total Panaji Fire station

1 Water Tender 07 02
2 Heavy water tender 01 -
3 Multipurpose tender 01 -
4 Break down Van 01 -
5 Rescue Tender 01 -
6 Fire Hydrants 30 01
7 Motorcycle 04 01
8 Ambulance 04 01
9 Quick Response Vehicle 01 -
Total 20 05
Source: District Fire station, Panaji
Table 39: Staff details of District Fire station, Panaji
S. No. Staff details Total Panaji Fire station

1 AssistantDivisional Officer (ADO) 01
2 Station Fire Officer (SFC) 05 01
3 Sub Officer/Asst. Station Fire Officer (ASFO) 08 03
4 Lift/Fire Fighters 26 06
5 Watch Room Operator (WRO) 07 -
6 D/OPT 29 08
7 Fire Fighters (F/F) 69 15
Total 145 33
Source: District Fire station, Panaji
7.5.8 Key Concerns

 High percentage of city area under commercial use (15.45%) with adequate number of
shopping centres, markets, vegetable market and fish market.
 The city is well equipped with tourist amenities and acts as the tourist hub for the tourists
visiting the state.
 As per the URDPFI norms, there are inadequate city level recreational and open spaces
(14.55%). Morever, the present parks are not developed as multi recreational facilities which
can be used by the locals as well as the tourists and less preferred by the locals
 Some of the city parks are still under the maintenance of the Goa State Forest Department.
Maintenance of these parks needs to be transferred to the CCP for better management and
development of parks within the city.
 The fire fighting services in the city are adequate.
 The city lacks proper soft infrastructure like public information system which includes websites
and information about the various tourist activities, major events, festivals, cultural shows,
sports events etc which will keep the locals as well as the tourists to the ongoing activities
across the city at a time.

8. INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES
8.1 Water Supply

In Goa the state’s Public Health Engineering Department (PHED) undertakes the functions of
provision of water supply to the city. Panaji city’s water supply source is River Khandepar which is a
perennial source. It is covered under the regional water supply scheme from Opa water works on
River Khandepar.This water supply scheme also caters to the water demand in Tiswadi and Ponda
talukas. In view of the increasing demand from the industrial growth in Ponda taluk and domestic as
well as institutional demands in the Tiswadi taluk, the Opa scheme has been augmented over the
years to meet their demand. The Fig below shows the water supply system from Opa water works to
the city.
Figure 27: Water supply source for Panaji city
750 12 MGD
750 mm dia
(46 MLD) %55 mm
dia
Pump
Exi
Existing MLD house stin Ri
Distributi
on OHT & 2.5 MGD g ve
Int
Network GLSR Pump r
ake
900 mm dia
40 MLD 500 house
Kh
mm
(82 MLD) WTP dia an
PANAJI ALTINHO de
1.75 MLD pa
WTP r
CURTI
OPA
Source: Water Supply Project for CCP under JnNURM, 2013

8.1.1.1 Source
The main source of Opa water supply scheme is River

Khandepar which originates in Karnataka and flows
through Dudhsagar water fall. The other tributary joining
the 'Khandepar River’ is 'Kalem River' which flows from
Sanguem. The Opa WSscheme is situated at Opa
Khandepar in Ponda taluka about 37 km from Panaji. The
Panaji city raw water capacity of River Khandepar is 123.0 million
liters per day (MLD) while the quantity drawn at present is
Opa water works 115.0 MLD. Further augmentation from this source is not
feasible in future.
The Opa weir was constructed in 1972 to raise the water
level and also as storage reservoir during lean period from
March to June. The weir height is 2.42 m with a total
length of about 82 m across the river. The existing water
supply to Panaji city region is 24.2 MLD out of which 15.0
MLD is supplied to CCP area. The present gross water
17
supply to the city region is 308 litres per capita per day
(lpcd). However these estimates are could not be
considered as accurate as the substantial portion of the
water supplied to the region caters to the floation as well as the tourist population.
Table 40: Details of Water Supply Sources
Parameter Details
Location Opa, Khandepar in Ponda taluka
Type of Source Surface Water - River Khandepar
Capacity 123.0 MLD
Quantity drawn 115.0 MLD
Quantity supplied to Panaji City Region (CCP
24.2 MLD
+OG)
Present per capita supply (Gross) for Panaji city
308 lpcd
region (CCP and its urban agglomeration)
Quantity supplied to Panaji CCP 15.0 MLD
Present per capita supply (Gross) for CCP area 375 lpcd
Source: PHED, Panaji and DPR for water supply under JNNURM, 2010
8.1.1.2 Transmission
The transmission main system of Opa scheme consists of four line systems out of which two line
systems viz. green line system and blue line system cater to Tiswadi talukas. The green line system
consists of 750 mm diameter Cast Iron (CI) pipelines running from Opa to Marcel, Banastarim to
17
This supply rate is considering the population of 78,679 (estimated population for CCP + OG areas in 2014) for the Panaji
city and its outgrowth areas as per Census 2011 and 24.2 MLD of daily water supply to CCP area.

Altinho reservoirs and reaches up to Dona Paula. The blue line system consists of 1000mm, 900 mm
and 700 mm diameter Ductile Iron (DI) pipelines from Opa water treatment plant (WTP) to Altinho and
carrying capacity of 80 MLD. This transmission system is newly laid and completed in 2008.
Table 41: Existing pipelines and material details
Type Diameter Material

Transmission Mains 750 mm CI pipeline
1000mm DI pipeline
900 mm DI pipeline
700 mm DI pipeline
Source: DPR for water supply under JNNURM, 2010
8.1.1.3 Treatment
The Opa scheme consists of four WTPs which are classified as per their capacity viz. 8 MLD plant, 12
MLD plant, 55 MLD plant and 40 MLD plant. The original 8 MLD capacity plant in Opa has been
augmented with capacities of 12 MLD in 1967, and subsequently 55 MLD in 1972 with allocation of 35
MLD water for Ponda and 40 MLD of water for Tiswadi taluka.
The raw water is treated by conventional treatment processes comprising of aeration, clariflocculation,
rapid sand filtration and disinfection with chlorine. The raw water of River Khandepar is highly turbid
with presence of Manganese and Iron, etc. Hence, the existing treatment plant has been equipped
with aeration, coagulation, filtration, chlorination, etc., to meet the drinking water standards of central
public health and environmental engineering organization (CPHEEO). The treated water from the
3
treatment plant is collected in the underground reservoir of capacity 1350 m at Opa and pumped to
master balancing reservoir (MBR) at Curti for distribution. The treatment plants along with the clear
water reservoirs of Opa scheme are located at hillock of Curti which is at 160 m reference level (RL)
and about 2 km from Opa. The high altitude location of storage reservoir at Curti enables 95% of
water supply through gravity. The treated water is pumped from the plant to Curti and subsequently it
flows through gravity to Altinho and to Panaji city.
Table 42: Details of Water Treatment Plants at Opa water works
S. Details Year of Commission Capacity

No.
MLD
1 Water Treatment Plant 1 at Opa 1954 8
2 Water Treatment Plant 2 at Opa 1967 12
3 Water Treatment Plant 3 at Curti 1972 55
4 Water Treatment Plant 4 at Curti 2004 40
Total 115
Source: PHED, Panaji
8.1.1.4 Storage
Panaji city consists of 14 numbers of storage reservoirs and the overall storage capacity of the
3
existing reservoirs is 12800 m . The city is divided into three water supply zones viz. Altinho, Ribandar
and Taleigaon. The Zone 1 in Altinho consists of six GSLRs and two OHTs with total capacity of
10100 m³. It covers major area under Panaji CCP. The Zone 2 consists of 2 GLR located in Ribander

with total capacity of 450 m³. The Zone 3 consists of 3 OHTs located in Taleigao area with a total
storage capacity of 2250 m³. The water from these service reservoirs is supplied to the city through
gravity. The storage tanks at Altinho are in dilapidated condition and require rehabilitation and repairs
works. The water is distributed to the service connections in the city by gravity using the topography of
the region. The details of the storage reservoirs in Panaji CCP area and adjoining areas are
presented in the Table below.
Table 43: Details of Service Reservoirs in Panaji city region
Reservoir Type Zone Location Capacity Quantity of water

3
in m Supplied
Water Storage Tank Zone1 Altinho 5000 15.0 MLD
No 8
ground level service Zone1 Altinho 800
reservoir (GLSR) 1
GLSR 2 Zone1 Altinho 800
Overhead tank Zone1 Altinho 450
(OHT) No 6
OHT No 7 Zone1 Altinho 650
Ribandar (GLSR) Zone 2 Ribandar 150 1.2 MLD
Ribandar (GLSR) Zone 2 Ribandar 300
Nagali (sump and Zone 3 Nagali 200 8.0 MLD
OHT)
Taleigao (2 nos. of Zone 3 Caranzalem, Dona 1600
OHTs) Paula and part of CCP
area in Taleigao.
Taleigao (OHT) 650
Total storage capacity 13000 24.2 MLD
8.1.1.5 Distribution network

The total distribution area of the city is divided into three water supply distribution zones viz. Panaji
CCP, Ribander and Taleigaon as per the location and area covered by the existing storage reservoirs.
The total length of distribution network in the city is 77.0 km. The water is supplied daily to the city by
gravity for about two hours at the rate of 198 lpcd. The residential areas towards the tail end of the
distribution network and areas located at higher elevations get water supply for shorter duration.There
is deficit of adequate water supply in the areas of Taleigao, Ribandar and central market of the city.
The distribution system of Panaji is more than 40 years old consisting of asbestos cement (AC) pipes
in few sections. These pipes are more prone to damage due to excavation works while laying of other
utilities lines. The AC pipes are replaced in few sections but still the distribution network has not been
replaced totally by new pipeline which makes it vulnerable to damage and further to contamination of
water leading to health hazards.

As per the 2011 Census data, 16,244 number of water connections exist in the city region. There is
no break up of the type of connections. Out of this, 15,256 connections (94%) are tapped water
connection from treated source, 238 numbers (2%) are tapped water connections from untreated
source, 129 numbers from covered wells (1%) and 234 (1.5%) numbers from uncovered wells, Few
connections also depend on other sources viz. hand pumps, tubewells, spring, river/canal and lake.
The treated water is distributed from the service reservoirs through the distribution network to the
households through house service connections (HSC). In all, there are 8,829 water connections within
CCP area. Out of these, 8,003 are domestic connections, 825 are commercial connections and only
one public stand post in the city. All the service connections are metered with 100% coverage.The
house service connections in the city are mostly of galvanized iron (G.I) and either corroded or prone
to corrosion causing leakages. The details of the distribution network have been listed in the Table
below.
Table 44: Existing Distribution System
S. No. Item Unit Description

1 No. of water supply zones Numbers 3
2 Litre per capita per day (CCP+OG) lpcd 308
3 Total supply per day MLD 15
4 Total Length of distribution network km 77
5 Total No. of Residential connection Numbers 8,004
6 Total No. of Commercial connection Numbers 825
7 Total No. of Industrial connection Numbers 0
8 Total No. Public stand posts connection Numbers 1
8.1.1.6 Coverage of System
The present supply to the Panaji CCP is 15.0 MLD while 24.2 MLD for the city region. The coverage
of water supply distribution pipeline network w.r.t. the existing road length in the city is 100% within
18
the CCP area and presently 79% of the households within the CCP area are provided with HSCs.
The coverage of HSC in the city region is not possible to assess due to non availaibility of data giving
the break up of water connections.
8.1.1.7 Water Charges

The water charges are collected on basis of monthly volumetric consumption. The charge for
domestic water supply connection is Rs.40 minimum per month for the residential connection and
Rs.300 minimum per month for the commercial connection. The Table below presents the water tariff
structure for the different categories of the water connections.
18
Considering 10,158 numbers of households in CCP as per 2011 census

Table 45: Tariff structure for water supply connections
S. Type of Consumer Water Charges Existing Minimum

No (Consumption Tariff charges
base) KL (Rs./KL) (Rs.)
1 0-25 2.50
25-35 7.00
Domestic
35-50 10.00 40.00
50+ 15.00
2 Student hostels / hospitals/
Flat rate 7.00
educational institutions 70.00
3 Student hostels / hospitals/ 250 15.00
educational institutions outside Goa 250+ 18.00 140.00
4 80 17.00
Small Hotels
80+ 22.00 170.00
5 80 17.00
Small Restaurant
80+ 22.00 170.00
6
Defence Flat rate 17.00
170.00
7
Fishing Boat owner Flat rate 15.00
180.00
8 Market at Margao Flat rate 15.00 180.00
9 Akhil Gomantak Nabhik Samaj Flat rate 15.00 150.00
10 Small/ medium/ large scale hotel Flat rate 30.00 280.00
11 Commercial/ theatre/ shops/ building
Flat rate 35.00 300.00
construction
12 Public Tap in Municipal / Panchayat
area 300.00
3
13 Small (6m ) - per trip 700.00
Tankers (per trip) 3
Big (6-10m ) - per trip 900.00
8.1.1.8 Cost Recovery
The operation and maintenance for the present water supply system as well as responding to the
repairs or breakdownsis carried out by the PHED. Although regular maintainence (such as oiling and
greasing) and periodic maintainence is carried out, it is not recorded and doesnot follow a formal
procedure. There is lack of preventive maintainence system. Major breakdowns in the city are
repaired by staff from the divisional offices concerned and the records are maintained manually. On
19
an average five complaints are reported in the city and all are attended the same day . The operation
and maintenance expenditure is categorized under the following heads;
19
As per discussions with PHE officials

 Establishment Expenditure : Salary to staff engaged for operation and maintenance of

Treatment Plant and Distribution system
 Expenditure on Consumables: Cost of chemicals and other consumables
 Power charges
8.1.2 Water Supply Future Demand

The clear water demand has been calculated on the basis of per capita water supply demand (135
lpcd) and average water supply losses. As indicated in the Table below, the water supply losses are
assumed to decrease from 35% in 2013 to 20% in 2041. Accordingly the average per capita water
supply has been determined as 180 lpcd and the same has been taken into consideration for water
demand projections.
Table 46: Water Demand estimation
Indicator /year 2013 2021 2031 2041

Per capita Water Supply Demand 135 135 135 135
Water losses (%) 35% 30% 25% 20%
Per capita Water Demand (lpcd+ losses) 182 176 169 162
Source: CRIS analysis
Based on the per capita water supply demand, clear water demand has been forecasted on basis of
the population projections finalized in the demography section. Accordingly, the city would require
around 17.55 MLD of clear water by 2021, 22.14 MLD by 2031 and 28.15 MLD by 2041. The detailed
gap analysis has been discussed under the sector plans. The water supply demand projection for the
design year has been presented in the Table below.
Table 47: Water supply demand projections
Year Projected Population Water supply demand in MLD

2021 1,00,012 17.55
2031 1,31,201 22.14
2041 1,73,756 28.15
Source: CRIS analysis
As per the DPR for water supply for Panaji and surrounding areas prepared by PHED, the total
population projection is estimated to 1,28,302 for the horizon year 2041. Considering 24x7 water
supply at the rate of 150 lpcd, the total water demand for the Panaji and its adjoining areas is
estimated to 75 MLD. Out of this, Panaji city will require 58.0 MLD while the adjoining areas will
require 16.7 MLD of water supply by 2041.
8.1.3 Water Supply System Post 1st Generation CDP - Status Review
Pre and Post 1st Generation CDP Scenario
Parameters Description
Source Surface water, Khandepar River
Total supply 21.4 MLD

Rate of supply 235 lpcd
Storage capacity w.r.t supply 58%
Coverage of water supply network -
1. Road length covered w.r.t total city roads 63%
2. Geographical area covered w.r.t. city area 95%
3. Population covered w.r.t total population 95%
Source: CDP 2006
The CDP highlighted upon the following issues

 The water supply is contaminated with sewage
 The unaccounted water losses (UFW) were alarming accounting to 35%
 The non-revenue water was high accounting to 47%
 The existing scheme has been designed for intermittent supply and simple adoption of
existing distribution system for 24x7 may not ensure the desired terminal pressures.
 Lack of proper maintenance of the existing meters causing NRW.
 Lack of re-cycling and re-use of the storm water
The Strategies proposed) are as listed below.
 Redesign of the distribution network to ensure adequate terminal pressure
 GIS Inventory Mapping & Data Base Management System
 Efficient NRW reduction mechanism
 Sustainable tariff structure
 Efficiency in Operation and Maintenance
 Water Resource Management
 Capacity building of staff
Proposed Projects and its components
The proposed projects and its components under CDP 2006 are as depicted in Table below. A total
cost estimate of Rs. 74.80 crores was proposed for the projects proposed for improvement of water
supply system in the city.
S. Projects proposed under CDP Project components and estimate investment in

No 2006 Rs lakhs
Treatment Plants &Accessories i. Rehabilitation of Treatment Plants and
 Rehabilitation of WTPs accessories (4 nos.);estimated cost: 1100.0
 Installation of pre chlorination lakhs
equipment ii. Installation of pre chlorination equipment (4
 Installation of safety equipments nos.); estimated cost: 15.0 lakhs
1  Installation of generators and iii. Installation of safety equipments (4 nos.);
flow meters estimated cost: 10.0 lakhs
 Replacement of Raw water iv. Installation of generators and flow meters (4
pumps and back wash pumps nos.); estimated cost: 128.0 lakhs
 Distribution system v. Replacement of Raw water pumps and back
management wash pumps (4nos.) estimated cost: 16.0 lakhs
Improvement of Distribution vi. Laying of new pipelines (37 kms)estimated

2
system network cost: 4440 lakhs

S. Projects proposed under CDP Project components and estimate investment in

No 2006 Rs lakhs
 900 mm dia DI transmission vii. Rehabilitation of old pipelines (50 kms);
pipe estimated cost: 100 lakhs
 Rehabilitation of old/ damaged viii. Redesign of distribution lines (50
lines kms)estimated cost: 1000 lakhs
 Re design of distribution lines to ix. Rehabilitation of Storage reservoirs (14 nos.);
meet out 24x7 supply estimated cost: 56 lakhs
 Rehabilitation of storage x. Installation of bulk meters (10 nos.); estimated
 reservoirs cost: 15.0 lakhs
xi. NRW reduction programme; estimated cost:
200.0 lakhs
xii. Water harvesting structures; estimated cost:
400.0 lakhs
Source: CDP 2006
Status of Projects
The Detail Project Report for the improvement works of water supply system has been prepared by
Public Health & Engineering Department (PHED), Goa under JNNURM and was sent to State
Commission for approval. It got its approval in 2012 and a total cost of 71.22 crores was sanctioned
forthe same.Out of the total sanctioned amount, Rs 56.98 crores will be through central funding.
Current Status
The PHED, Goa department has received the initial installment of Rs14.24 crores for the
implementation of the project and under implementation by the PHED department.
8.1.4 Proposed Projects

The PHED department has prepared a detail project report for the improvement of the present water
supply system in the city and its surrounding areas with a total estimate of 174 crores. (Refer
Annexure 2). The DPR for improvement for water supply system in the city and its surrounding areas
was approved by the state level steering committee (SLSC) and MoUD at an estimated cost of Rs
71.22 crores under JnNURM-1 funding. The DPR components comprises of construction of a
separate intake on river Khandepar, a raw water pumping station, a 27 MLD water treatment plant at
Curti and laying of 87 km of distribution network across the town and other ancillary works. It also has
provision to replace 15,252 house service connections. The PHED department has received sanction
of central funding of Rs 56.98 for the entire project out of which first installment of 14.24 crores has
been released uptill now. The works under the same are under implementation.
8.1.5 Institutional Framework for Water Supply System

The CCP has no role in the provision and maintenance of the water supply system in the city. The
water supply system is operated and maintained by the Public Health Engineering Department. Apart
from this, all the water supply projects are designed, developed and implemented by PHED. The
engineering department of PHED is headed by a Superintending Engineer, who is assisted by an
Executive Engineer and a Deputy and Assistant Engineer in project execution and operation and
maintenance of the assets. There is no private sector involvement in the existing water supply system.
Technical assistance is sought through consultants for various tasks like preparation of detail project

reports, tender documents and construction supervision. A private agency is involved by PHED for
collection of bills.
8.1.6 Service Adequacy and Key Issues

It is observed that the present supply to the city is adequate and has 100% coverage of metered
connections. However, the percentage of NRW is considerably high which indicates water losses due
to leakages and through transmission and presence of unauthorized connections within the city. The
present coverage of household connections w.r.t the number of household is only 79%. The service
adequacy for water supply system in the city has been determined in the Table below w.r.t to various
parameters in comparison with the service level benchmarks (SLB).
Table 48: Service Level Benchmarks for water supply
Water Supply Unit Value (2011-12) SLB GAP

Coverage w.r.t existing % 100.00 100 **
roads
lpcd lpcd 198.00 135 -
Metering % 100.00 100 -
NRW % 35.00 20 -
Hours of Supply hours 6.00 24 18.00
Quality % 100 100 100.00
Complaints redressal % 100 80 80.00
Cost recovery % N.A. 100 100.00
Collection Efficiency % N.A. 90 90.00
Coverage of water supply % N.A. 100 100.00
connections in slums
Source: PHED. Goa
Note: The parameters of cost recovery, collection efficiency supplied is not available as the city Panaji area is
covered under a regional water supply scheme called as Opa Scheme. All the information related to these
parameters is maintained at a regional level. The city has no registered slums in the city hence the assessment
wr.t the slum pockets have not been included. However, the urban poor chapter highlights the need for proper
sanitation in all the urban poor pockets located within the city.
The major issues in the present water supply system in the city are as listed below.
 The gross water supply considering the population of CCP and its surrounding areas as per
Census 2011 and daily supply of 24.2 MLD the supply rate works out to be 198 lpcd which is
considered as substantially high when compared with the service level benchmark of 135 lpcd
as prescribed by the CPHEEO.
 Some of the distribution mains are very old and there are heavy leakages from these old
mains leading to water loses under NRW. The existing distribution system in the city is old
and damaged. It still consists of asbestos cement pipes which are prone to leakage during
other utility works in the vicinity. Also the pipe joints of the AC pipes are vulnerable to leakage
resulting to loss of water. There is urgent need to replace the present water supply network
with new pipelines.
 Since the water is supplied only through the means of gravitational force, the supply is widely
varying in terms of pressure and duration.

 As per Census 2011, there are 10,158 households in the city. However of these households,
8,829 are covered with individual water supply connection depicting coverage of 79% as
against the benchmark of 100% as prescribed by the Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD)
in the service level benchmark toolkit. Most of the service connections in Panaji are of
galvanized iron (GI) and are corroded and leaking which are highly prone for water
contamination. All the old and non functional connections in the city need to be replaced to
avoid water losses.
 The PHED should focus towards reduction of the losses in the system due to old and
dilapidated pipelines as the non-revenue water is as high as 35%.
 Lack of proper water supply zoning resulting in poor monitoring of the water supplied and the
losses incurred. Proper monitoring system for assessing the losses due to transmission and
districbution needs to be proposed.
 There is a need to implement E-Governance in the operation and maintainence functions of
PHED. Presently most of the things are maintained manually which results in poor database
as well as consumes more time and manpower.
 At present the PHED staff is performing most of their functions manually. There is need for
capacity building programmes and training for the staff which will upgrade them to use the
new system and technology which will be available after the implementation of E-Governance
system in the department.
 IEC programmes and camps for creating awareness among the citizens related to the
optimization of water use, maintainence of hygiene, water borne health issues etc.
8.2 Sewerage and Sanitation

Panaji is bounded by River Mandovi in the North, hill and its region in the South and crisscross
creeks in the East and West. The altitude of the city is only seven m from the Mean Sea Level (MSL)
and at same plain level of River Mandovi. The topography of the city varies from hilly, rolling terrain
and plain on plateau region. The varying topography is a result of the erosive interaction of ocean
hydrodynamics with a folded metamorphic geology capped with laterite. It allows natural flow of storm
water into nearest drains, nallahs, lakes and River basin. The soil found in the city is of three types
viz. lateritic, alluvial and marshy. The laterite soil and alluvial soil are well drained and acidic in nature
while marshy soil is subject to flooding and have high water table. The ground water table in the city
varies from 1 to 20 m.
8.2.1 Existing Sewerage and Sanitation System

The sewerage system for Panaji was first commenced in 1967 during the Portuguese period and was
the first of its kind in the state. The existing sewerage system in Panaji covers only the core city area
and does not cater to the outer areas of Ribandar, Taleigaon, Dona Paula, Caranzalem etc. as well as
the adjoining Out Growths (OG). Some of the wards in the outer areas of the city are partially covered
while the remaining is totally devoid of sewerage system. The uncovered areas depend upon the
system of individual soakpits/ septic tanks, direct discharge into the major drains and also open
defecation to some extent.
The accessibility to sanitation facility in the city as well as the adjoining seven OGs has been
analysed to understand the present coverage of sewerage facilities. There are 16,244 numbers of
households combined in CCP and surrounding seven OGs as per the Census 2011 data. Out of
these, 14,179 numbers (87%) of households have individual toilets, 1,149 households (7%) use
public/ community toilets while 6% resort to open defecation. The households which have access to
individual toilets are either connected to the existing sewerage system (42%) or have individual soak

pits/ septic tanks (58%). The Table below lists the sanitation facilties in city and its adjoining 7 seven
OGs.
Table 49: Sanitation facilities in the city region
S. No. Type of sanitation Numbers of Percentage (%)

households
1 Individual toilets 14,179 87
a Sewer connections 5,978 42
b Soak pits/ septic tanks 7,330 52
c Low cost sanitation units 409 2.88
d VIP latrines with slab 365 2.57
e H/hs with unimproved toilets with slab 46 0.32
f H/hs directly connected to the open drains 19 0.13
g Night soil serviced by animals 32 0.23
2 Public/ Community toilets 1,149 7
3 Open defecation 916 6
Source: Census 2011
In CCP the sewerage network is limited to the core city area. It is divided into 12 sewage drainage
blocks and serviced by eight numbers of pumping stations. The Table below shows the various
sewerage zones within the city and the area covered under each.
Table 50: Sewerage Zones in Panaji CCP
S. No Zone No Area Covered

1 I Neugi Nagar, Portaise, Nine infantal near Bhandari Hospital
2 II Mala, Mala Hillock, Bhandari Hospital
3 III Marry immaculate school, Anita Tea house, People’s High school,
upper
4 IV Bharat Lodge, Post office, Old Bus stand part of Mala
5 V Panaji core city area
6 VI Campal, Dr.Jack Siquira House
7 VII St.Inez, Caulo Colony, Govt quarters
8 VIII Part of Altinho, Military camp, Mental Hospital
9 IX Adarshana Colony Miramar to Solmar Hotel
10 X Batulemand some parts of Altino Govt quarters
11 XI La campala and lake view colony
12 XII Municipal Quarters, Tonca
Source: CDP 2006, Panaji and PHED, Panaji

The total length of the sewerage network in the Panaji CCP is about 45 km out of which 40 km covers
the core city area while 3 km covers the EDC patto area. The present coverage of sewerage network
20
w.r.t the existing road length in the city is only 56%. There are 2,760 sewer connections in the city
which includes connections to residential as well as non residential properties.
The sewage from the sewerage network is collectedin three outfall drains which carry the sewage to
the STP located at Tonca area for treatment. The three outfall drains are located at following areas.
 Near Panaji Tourist Home (Northern part of Panaji)
 St. Inez
 Miramar (near Goa International Hotel)
Sewage Treatment
The first sewage treatment plant (STP) for Panaji was installed in 1967. It was designed to cater for a
population of 40,000 with a capacity of 5.68 MLD and was having trickling filter treatment process.
The old plant was abandoned and demolished later. A new STP using sequencing batch reactor
(SBR) technology was commissioned in 2005 at Tonca. It was constructed with design capacity of
12.5 MLD with peak factor of 2.25. The existing treatment plant is not equipped with sludge digesters
to take care of the sludge generated out of the plant. PHED has out sourced the maintenance of the
sewage treatment plant (STP) to a private agency.
In addition this, a small decentralized STP with a treatment capacity of 0.57 MLD has also been
implemented for Patto Plaza area (EDC area) mainly for catering institutions It receives 0.10 MLD
sewage daily. This STP network has about 3 km length of sewer line with 300 sewer connections. The
PHED department is at present implementing a 2.0 MLD STP at Patto which is funded under the state
government.
Table 51: Details of STPs in Panaji CCP
S. Details of Sewage Location Installed Waste Water Utilized

No Treatment Plant capacity treated capacity
MLD MLD %
1 STP 1 Tonca 12.5 8.0 64
2 STP 2 EDC Patto 0.57 0.10 17
3 Proposed STP 3 EDC Patto 2.0 - -
Quality of effluent in STP
As per the laboratory reports of PHED department the characteristics of raw sewerage reveals
presence of 300 mg/L of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) level and 400 g/L of suspended solid
levels. The Tonca STP is working with 95% treatment efficiency with effluent character of BOD less
than 20 mg/l.
At present PHED is supplying 24.2 MLD of water to Panaji CCP with the gross supply rate of 198
lpcd. However, only 8.0 MLD of sewerage is being collected and treated in the existing STP of 12.5
MLD. This is mainly due to inadequate coverage of existing sewerage system in the city.
20
As discussed with the PHED officials one sewer connection caters to multiple connections

8.2.1.1 Sewerage Charges
The sewerage charges for domestic and non-domestic connections are based on the percentage of
water charges. The sewerage charges for domestic connections are levied as 25% of the water
charges per month while for non-domestic connections as 35% of the water charges per month. The
sewage connection charges are listed below in the table below.
Table 52: Sewerage connection charges for domestic and non-domestic connections
S. No. Type of Connection Up to 150 mm Above 150 mm

1 Domestic Rs. 200 Rs 350
2 Non Domestic Rs. 1000 Rs 2000
8.2.1.2 Sanitation
Public Toilets: In the city there are presently 29 numbers of public convenience systems with a total
capacity of 171 seats located in various parts of the city. The public toilets are operated and
maintained by Sulabh Sauchalaya. Out of these, 25 numbers of public toilets are connected to the
UGD network while four numbers of public toilets are still connected to the septic tanks. However, with
the increasing tourist influx in the city every year there is a need to provide adequate number of public
toilets at major tourist destinations within the city as well as in the core city area. Apart from this, the
existing public toilets needs to improved with good standard facilities considering the tourist potential
of the city.
Table 53: Public toilets in Panaji CCP
Sanitation Details Number

Nos.
Public Toilets 29
Total number of seats 171
Source: Panaji CCP
8.2.2 Future Sewage Generation

The future generation for the sewerage is calculated taking into account the projected population of
1.63 lakhs and future water supply demand projections till 2041. The future sewerage generation has
been projected taking into account that 80% of the supplied water supply will be treated. As per the
future projections for sewerage generation about 13.33 MLD, 17.59 MLD and 23.43 MLD will be
generated in the years of 2021, 2031 and 2041 respectively. The Table below shows the future
sewerage generation for 2041.
Table 54: Future Sewerage Generation for Panaji
Projection Year Total Water Supply Demand Total Sewerage Generation

2021 17.55 14.04
2031 22.14 17.71
2041 28.15 22.52
Source: Analysis

8.2.3 Sanitation Sector Post 1st Generation CDP - Status Review

Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) Capacity STP 1: 12.5 MLD and STP 2: 0.57 MLD
Total Sewage generated 12 MLD
Total Sewage Treated 8.0 MLD
Length of Sewer line 43.0 kms
Coverage of sewerage system -
Coverage w.r.t city roads 60%
Coverage w.r.t total population 70%
% of Population with site sanitation 25%
% of Population without sanitation 5%
% Population discharging untreated water 5%
Locations receiving untreated sewage St. Inez Nullah and Mandovi River
Public toilets 18 nos. with 110 seats
Source: CDP 2006
 Carrying capacities of existing sewers is less than required

 Substantial proportion of the households still practice/ opt for on-site sanitation system with
septic tank / soak pit as final disposal.
 High ground water table & high ground water saturation contaminate ground water.
 Lack of public toilets
 Lack of sanitation system in ward No. 14; St. Ines Bandh, ward no. 12, Aivao Caranzalem,
ward 1.
 Lack of O&M
 The contaminated water is discharged in to sea / rivers /nallahs.
The Strategies proposed are as listed below.
 100% coverage to be ensured not only for Panaji but also for the surrounding areas.
 Redesign of the existing sewer
 System network to ensure safe disposal.
 GIS Inventory Mapping & Data Base Management System
 Efficient maintenance mechanism
 Establishing O&M system
 Ensure 100% treatment of sewer discharge
cost estimate of Rs. 14.07 crores was proposed for the projects proposed for improvement of
sewerage system in the city.
S. Project components and estimate

Projects proposed under CDP 2006
No investment in Rs lakhs


Rehabilitation work ofold damaged
1 43 kms;Estimated cost: 107.5 lakhs
sewersand extension ofsewage network
CCTV, Sewer Jetting Machine, High
2 Sewer cleaning equipments Pressure Water Tanker & Sludge Vacuum
tanker; Estimated cost: 100 lakhs
Development of newsewerage system for
3 5 km; Estimated cost: 500 lakhs
the uncovered area
4 Renovation of public toilets (Nirmal toilets 18 nos.;Estimated cost: 500 lakhs
Development of new sewerage treatment
5 5 nos.; Estimated cost: 500 lakhs
plant
6 Rehabilitation of pumping station 10 nos. Estimated cost: 500 lakhs
GIS InventoryMapping and development
7 -
of storm water drain system
8 Information Management. -
Source: CDP 2006
Status of Projects
The Detail Project Report for the improvement works of sewerage system had been prepared by
Public Health & Engineering Department (PHED), Goa under JNNURM with estimated cost of 14.07
crores and was sent to State Commission for approval. However, it was not approved by MoUD.
Current Status
The DPR report for sewerage system was not approved by the MoUD.

The PHED department is implementing the project for provision of sewerage network to the
uncovered areas of Dona Paula, Taleigaon and Caranzalem within the CCP area. This project is
being funded by the state government and the work is in progress. Apart from this, the department is
also constructing a 2 MLD capacity STP at Patto which is also funded by the state government.

The service adequacy for sewerage system in the city has been determined in the table below w.r.t to
various parameters in comparison with the service level benchmarks (SLB). It is observed that the
present sewerage coverage in the city region is highly inadequate with only 42% coverage w.r.t the of
the households having sewage connections.
Table 55: Service Level Benchmarks for sewerage
Sewerage Unit Value (2011-12) SLB GAP

Coverage of Toilets % 87 100.00 100.00
Sewage network w.r.t % 42 100.00
households
Collection efficiency % 67.00 100.00 100.00

Sewerage Unit Value (2011-12) SLB GAP

(Sewage)
Treatment capacity % 108.90 100.00
Quality of treatment % 95 100.00 100.00
Reuse and recycling % 0. 20.00 20.00
Complaints redressal % 100 80.00 27.00
Cost recovery % N.A. 100.00 100.00
Collection Efficiency % N.A. 90.00 90.00
(sewage charges)
Coverage of Toilets in % N.A. 100.00 100.00
Slums
Source: PHED, Goa
Note: The PHED department is in charge of the sewerage system in the city and data is maintained at a regional
level due to which has not been assessed.
The city has no registered slums in the city hence the assessment wr.t the slum pockets have not been included.
However, the urban poor chapter highlights the need for proper sanitation in all the urban poor pockets located
within the city.
The major issues in the present sewerage system are as listed below.
 The existing sewerage network in the city is only limited to the core city area with 56%
coverage w.r.t the existing roads in the CCP area. The remaining areas of CCP as well as the
outgrowth areas are devoid of sewerage system.
 The existing sewerage network is very old and dilapilidated. It needs to be redesigned to
ensure optimal collection and treatment of sewerage. This will include provision of new
durable pipelines, manholes and pumping stations.
 In the uncovered areas 58% of the households depend upon individual soak pits and 7% of
the households opt for public toilets for sanitation facilities. About 6% of the households still
donot have any access to sanitation which results in practice of open defecation.Hence the
present sewage coverage in the city is highly inadequate. The sewerage network needs to be
expanded for 100% coverage within the CCP area and its outgrowth areas.
 The present STP is under utilised with only 67% of sewage collected per day.
 There are no measures for recycling and reuse of treated water. As of now the waste water
after treatment at the STP is drained in to the river Mandovi. However, a project is required
wherein the treated water can be recycled and used for non-potable uses within the CCP area
i.e. for gardening, fire fighting purposes etc.
 The major drains which carry the sewage from the STP to the River are prone to direct
disposal of sewage from the uncovered areas as well as soild waste. This results in blocking
of waste water in the drains leading to unhygienic conditions within the city.

8.3 Solid Waste Management

The municipal solid waste generated within the city is managed by CCP. This section details out the
existing waste management practices within CCP and highlights the deficiencies in the present
system.
8.3.1 Existing SWM System

The Corporation of City of Panaji is managing the collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated in Panaji city. The activities associated with the
management of solid wastes from the point of generation to final disposal are divided into following
functional elements:
Figure 28: Activities involved in Solid waste Management system in Panaji CCP
Waste Generation Functional elements of

SWM
Waste Handling & Separation  Waste Generation

at Source
 Waste Handling &
Separation at Source
Collection  Collection
 Separation, Processing
Separation, & Transformation
Transfer & Processing
Transport &Transformation
 Transfer & Transport
Disposal  Disposal

Figure 29: Existing Solid waste management system in Panaji city.
Source: CCP Panaji
8.3.1.1 Solid Waste Generation

The CCP area on an average generates 47.0 tons of solid waste per day. The primary source of
waste generation in Panaji city are the local households, markets and commercial establishments
such as hotels, restaurants, shops etc. construction activity is also significant. Out of the 47.0tons
waste collected per day 39.0 tons is received at the dumping yard while only 33.0 tons is actually
received and treated at the treatment plant. The per capita waste generation is 619 gm which is quite
high which may be due to the high percentage of floating population in the city which contributes to
the total waste generated in the city. The total waste of 47.0 tons generated, is collected through door

to door and from the community bins per day. Apart from this, an average construction waste of 25.0
tons is deposited as debris from various construction sites.
The total domestic waste generated in the CCP area is about 7.0 tons per day constituting 10% of the
total waste generated. The commercial waste includes the waste from hotels and eating
establishments, from shops, trading units, small time street vendors etc. The commercial waste
generated is estimated to be 25.0 tons per day constituting 34% of the total waste generated. The
construction waste comprises of 25.0 tons per day which constitutes of 35%. The Table below
illustrates the various sources of municipal solid waste generated in the city.
Table 56:Source of Municipal Solid Waste generated
S. No Type of Waste Generator Total quantity of waste generated/ day (tons)

1 Households 7.00
2 Hotel and restaurant waste 14.00
3 Markets 11.00
4 Hospital/ Medical waste 0.50
5 Construction waste 25.00
6 Horticulture waste 8.00
7 Street sweeping waste 5.00
8 Compost from households 1.50
TOTAL 72.00
Source: CCP, Panaji
Figure 30: Sources of waste generation
2% Households
7% 10% Hotel and restaurant waste
11% Markets
19% Hospital/ Medical waste
Construction waste
Horticulture waste
35% 15%
Street sweeping waste
Compost from households

1%
Source: CCP, Panaji

8.3.1.2 Composition of Solid Waste
The composition of solid waste generated in the city consists of 42% of wet organic waste, 11 % of
dry organic waste, 8% of recyclable waste and 39% of inert waste. The detail of composition of solid
waste generated is given in the table below.
Table 57: Composition of waste generated
Type of waste Quantity of waste Percent

Tones per day %
Wet Organic Waste 27 42
Dry Organic Waste 7 11
Recyclables 5 8
Inert 25 39
Sub total 64 100
Hazardous/ Hospital waste 0.5 -
Horticulture waste 8 -
Total 72 -
Source: CCP, Panaji
8.3.1.3 Waste Collection
The solid waste collection system involves primary collection, secondary collection, transportation,
processing and disposal of solid waste generated in the city. There are 12 numbers of Municipal Solid
Waste Management Zones within the city.Primary collection - Municipal solid waste is stored in a
segregated form at the generator level viz. houses, hotels, restaurants, commercial area. The
residential units and all the commercial establishments in the city other than hotels and restaurants
store their waste in a two way bin system i.e. biodegradable waste (wet waste) and non-
biodegradable waste (dry waste). All the hotels and restaurants are covered under four ways dry
waste segregation. The dry waste is stored in four fractions (paper/card boards, glass, metal plastic)
in low density polyethylene (LDPE) bins. While collecting the waste each fraction is stored in a
specific color LDPE bags specified by the Corporation. 60% of the residential complexes are also
covered under four-way segregation of dry waste. The dry waste from these residential complexes is
stored in 240 liter trolley bins provided by Corporation. The four dry waste fractions are paper,
plastics, metal / glass and others (multi layered material, foils, thermo Cole, textile etc.)
The waste is stored by the households and other generators in two separate bins, one for bio-
degradable and one for non-biodegradable Green plastic or metal containers with lid are used for the
storage of bio-degradable waste and a similar size bin of black color is used for storage of non-
biodegradable waste. Out of the total properties of 23,342 in the city at present about 13,342
properties are provided with these primary storage bins. Thus, it has 57% w.r.t the collections bins
coverage at present.
The segregated waste is collected through door-to-door collection by CCP workers by visiting
individual units in the area allotted to each sanitary worker. The waste collection from the houses
starts at 2.00 pm and it continues till 6.00 pm. The wet (biodegradable) waste is collected on daily
basis while from hotels and restaurants twice in a day. The dry (non-biodegradable) waste is collected
twice a week from house hold units (Mondays and Thursdays) while from the hotels and restaurants
once in a day.The dry waste/ non-biodegradable waste from residential establishments and
commercial areas is collected and segregated under four ways segregation on daily basis in 240 liter
bins with separate colour coding. All the main roads are swept on daily basis. The sweepers use
wheeled trolleys to collect and deposit swept waste.
8.3.1.4 SWM Charges
CCP has levied Rs.1 per day per household and Rs.100/- to Rs.7500/- per month to commercial
establishment for collection of MSW from their premises.
8.3.1.5 Secondary waste collection
Panaji was made bin-free in 2003 and the requirement of the bins/ secondary storage was gradually
nullified through systematic implementation of segregation of waste at source initiative. As such, there
are no secondary storage points in Panaji. CCP has also placed street corner litter bins of 15 liter
capacity at various locations around Panaji city. 240 litre bins are used for transportation of waste
from households to composting stations or from establishment to collection points as the case
may be.
8.3.1.6 Transportation of Waste

The solid waste collected per day in Panaji is 47.0 tons which is also transported daily from the source
or the secondary collection points to the dump yard. All the collected dry waste (7 tones)is segregated
before transporting it to the dump yard. There are 38 numbers of vehicles used for the present
Municipal Solid Waste Management. Each vehicle makes three trips per day to collect and transport
MSW for disposing off at the facilities in the city. It takes about an hour or two to make one trip
depending on the distance to be covered, traffic conditions prevailing at that time, and location of site
where the waste is to be unloaded.
8.3.1.7 Solid Waste processing and Disposal system

Bio-degradable waste is processed through aerobic composting methods at the de-centralized
composting stations spread over various areas of Panaji. It is transferred manually to the nearest
composting station for processing by using of 240 liter capacity trolley bins or to the nearest collection
point to transport the waste to the bulk composting facility.At present there are 68 decentralized
composting stations. The location of composting stations in various zones of Panaji is given in table
below.
Table 58:Zone-wise location of various composting stations in Panaji city
Zone No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Total

No. of Composting Stations 19 0 1 0 12 10 1 2 7 5 9 2 68
Source: DPR, Solid waste Management Plan for Panaji
The process of composting followed by CCP involves inspection of organic waste, and removal of any
material that is a contaminant / non-biodegradable. This is followed by layering of the waste into the
cell, spreading the waste evenly, applying of odor control cultures such as effective microbe solution,
Bokashi or cow manure over this waste and finally covering the waste layer with an equal amount of
leaf litter. A few days later, aeration is done by means of poking air holes through this waste, turning
the waste in layers. After 20-25 days of this operation, the waste has reduced its volume, and turned
into pre-compost with little or no odor. This is then transported to the bulk composting facility at Patto,
where compost is allowed to mature, dry before sieving the compost for sale. At the bulk composting
facilities, organic waste convertor machines (OWC-500) with curing systems are installed at market

and at Patto sites. Primarily organic waste generated from municipal market of which 50% is sent for
composting at market premises itself. The remaining 50% is taken to the bulk composting facility at
Patto, Panaji. The capacity of each machine is 3MT/day. A total of 6 nos. of OWC-500 machines have
been installed in Panaji city. The compost is sold by CCP at Rs. 10/- per kg and Rs. 3/- per kg on bulk
purchases of 100 kg and above.
The dry waste/ Non-biodegradable waste is transported from the 240 litre bins collection points in
each zone by means of trucks available with CCP to the sorting centre at St. Inez. After sorting the
waste it is ultimately sold to scrap dealers (kabadiwallahs). Non-recyclable waste material is bailed
and sent to cement companies in Karnataka as per the MOU by the cement companies with the State
Government.
8.3.1.8 Disposal (Non-Biodegradables and lnert)
At present there is no designated dumping site and sanitary land filling area to dispose the waste
collected from the Corporation of the city of Panaji. Inert/residual waste is dumped at one temporary
site located in Panaji.
The proposed site for integrated Solid Waste Management Facility is located at Baiguinim village at a
distance of about 8 km from the city. The total area of the proposed land fill site is around 17
hectares. The land has been acquired by CCP.The proposed integrated municipal solid waste
management facility to be set up at Baiguinim would include material recovery facility, bio-
methanation system, in vessel composting and engineered sanitary landfill facility. The facility would
recover recyclables, compost and electricity from the different waste processing streams. The CCP is
21
in the process of submitting information sought by the JNNURM directorate.
8.3.2 Future Solid Waste Generation

The CCP has prepared a Detail Project Report for Solid Waste Management system in the city under
the JNNURM programme. The same was approved by State government and MoUD under JnNURM-
I. However, the implementation works has not been taken up till date. The DPR for SWM has been
proposed for the horizon year of 2040 and includes all the future requirements for improvement of
SWM system in the city region. The projection for solid waste generation for 2040 as per the DPR for
SWM is 100.0 TPD for projected population of 1, 61,436.
The proposed waste management plan and infrastructure/equipment for primary & secondary waste
collection and transportation system for Panaji city have been framed based on the following:
 Past population estimates based on Census surveys.
 Projected populations for the design period
 Spread of Panaji city
 Current MSW quantities as per survey data
 Projected MSW quantities are based on the present waste generation data
 SWM standards
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municipal-solid-waste-management-facility-goa/

Table 59: Future Solid Waste Generation
Year Projected population Per capita Waste Average per day Annual
A generation waste generation SW generation
(in grams) (in tons) (in tons)
B A*B A*B*365
2021 100012 699 69.86 25,984
2031 131201 843 110.63 41,025
2041 173756 994 172.73 64,055
Source: CRIS Analysis
8.3.3 SWM post- 1st Generation CDP – Status Review
No of Solid waste Zones City divided in 12
12
solid waste zones
Waste generated per day is 55.31 tons 55.31 Tonnes per day (TPD)
Inorganic waste: and organic waste 59% and 41%
Composting units:61 nos. 61 nos.
Treatment Facility Treatment of wet waste at Patto EDC site while
recycling of dry waste at Altinho and St Inez
Availability of Land fill site No land fill site approved
SWM Transportationfacilities Trucks:4 nos., 1 nos.composting van &3 nos.
open and tippers
SWM staff No of semi skilled staff is190 nos. while skilled
staff is90 nos. working on rotation
Source: CDP 2006

 Lack of appropriate dumping site
 Existing decentralized composting yards treats only 1/3rd of the wet waste
 Improper segregation of waste at source
 No separate biomedical waste management system
 Vehicles are old and outlived, high O&M cost
The Strategies proposed to achieve the vision are as listed below.
 Government intervention to have a common treatment facility within the district may also be
explored. The cost of the land and infrastructure may be borne by the higher order
administrative towns / city.
 Explore the possibility of public private participation
 Carry out survey to optimize route.
Establishing O&M system

cost estimate of Rs. 19.07 crores was proposed for the projects proposed for improvement of SWM
system in the city.

Provision of litter bins(to be provided at 200 nos;Estimated cost: 107.5 lakhs

1
streetsand lane)
2 Provision of household bins (green bin) 20,000 nos; Estimated cost: 500 lakhs
3 Replacement of collection vehicle Estimated cost: 1000 lakhs
4 Setting up of composite plant Estimated cost: 300 lakhs
Source: CDP 2006
Status of Projects
The Detail Project Report for the improvement works of solid waste management system has been
prepared by CCP with estimated cost of 34.54 crores and sent to State Commission for approval
initially. After approval from the state commission it has been sent to MoUD for approval in 2013.
Current Status
The DPR was approved by MoUD in 2014. However, the DPR for SWM was delayed than expected
and hence now it needs to be resubmitted to the MoUD for approval under the JnNURM -2 scheme.
8.3.3.1 Proposed Projects for Solid Waste Management system
The CCP has prepared a detailed project report (DPR) for Integrated Municipal Solid Waste
Management system (IMSWMS) proposed for the design year 2040, for a total capacity of 100 TPD
with a total estimated cost of Rs 96.67 crores. The DPR was approved by MoUD and state
government in 2013 but no funds had been allocated by the centre under the JnNURM 1 scheme.
Subsequently the project needs to be updated and resubmitted to the ministry for approval under the
JnNURM 2 scheme. Hence, the project proposal for SWM as per the DPR prepared by the CCP has
been included in the CDP proposal for Panaji.
8.3.4 Institutional Framework for SWM

The CCP is responsible for urban governance and civic management is the Corporation of the City of
Panaji (CCP).The Commissioner is the highest administrative officer of CCP. SWM department is
responsible for management of solid waste in the city. The city of Panaji is divided into 12 SWM zones
for proper operations and management of its services. There are 12 nos. of supervisors in charge for
each zone in the city. There are 15 additional supervisor deployed at various facilities. Apart from this,
the other SWM staff includes 499 sanitary workers appointed for various MSWM activities. Each
sanitary staff has a designated area for daily cleaning. There is separate staff appointed for waste
transportation (drivers and helpers) responsible for lifting solid waste and dumping it on the outskirts
of the city. It has 24 nos. of drivers for the same. The administrative structure of SWM cell in CCP is
shown in Figure below:

Commissioner
ME-I (Technical)
ME-II (Asst. Engineer)
OSD – ME-I (JNNURM)

ME-III (Junior.Engineer)
Supervisor
Source: DPR for SWM, Panaji, 2012

The service adequacy for solid waste management system in the city has been determined in the
Table below w.r.t to various parameters in comparison with the service level benchmarks (SLB). It is
observed that the present solid waste coverage in the city is adequate and has 100% coverage w.r.t
the household coverage, collection efficiency and extent of segregation. However, the O & M of SWM
has been a major issue for the CCP with only 17.20% of collection efficiency from SWM taxes and -
49% of cost recovery from private operators. The CCP has 22% of waste recovered from
biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste at present.
Table 60: Service Level Benchmarks for solid waste management
Solid Waste Management Unit Value (2011-12) SLB GAP

Household level coverage % 100.00 100.00
Efficiency of collection (MSW) % 100.00 100.00
Extent of segregation (MSW) % 100.00 100.00
Extent of recovery (MSW) % 22.00 80.00 58.00
Scientific disposal (MSW) % - 100.00 100.00
Complaints Redressal % - 80.00 80.00
Extent of cost recovery % (49.00) 100.00 149.00
Efficiency in collection (SWM % 17.20 90.00 90.00
charges)
Household level coverage of solid % N.A. 100.00 N.A.
waste management services in
Slums
Source: CCP

Note: The city has no registered slums in the city hence the assessment wr.t the slum pockets have not been
included. However, the urban poor chapter highlights the need for proper sanitation in all the urban poor pockets
located within the city.
The major issues in the present SWM system are as listed below.
 Sanitary workers involved in door-to-door collection, transferring of waste to the pick-up points
and in the composting operation have not been provided with appropriate Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)s
 The existing numbers of composting units are insufficient in numbers to process the bio-
degradable component of waste generated and collected at present and beyond.
 Finding areas in Panaji city for setting up of new de-centralized compost units is a difficult
proposition due to the fact that in Panaji city, land is scarce and not available for setting up
the required MSW facilities.
 Location of the composting units within the city limits causes issues related to bad odour
which is presently not been addressed effectively.
 De-centralized compositing units are becoming difficult to manage and monitor considering
the total number of units setup in the city.
 Present sorting centre for non-biodegradable waste (dry waste) is not sufficient enough for
the quantum of non bio-degradable waste received at the centre and not efficient because of
being completely manual in operation.
 Most of the vehicles involved in the waste transportation have surpassed their economic life.
 Present workshop located at CCP is lacking in space for parking the vehicles and also in
equipments for undertaking major repair works.
 Crude dumping of inert waste is happening at various locations in the outskirts of the city due
to the absence of a centralised engineered MSW treatment facility.
 Un-scientific management of slaughter house waste with no proper arrangements for its safe
disposal.
8.4 Storm Water Drains

The storm water drains within the CCP are mainly of two types viz. major drains/ nallahs and roadside
drains. The major drains are maintained by the Water Resource Department. The roadside drains are
proposed and laid by the PWD department while CCP maintains the roadside drains located within its
jurisdiction.
8.4.1 Existing Drainage System

Panaji is located along the bank of River Mandovi where it is merging with the Arabian Sea. The
terrain of the city is generally sloping from East to West direction along the course of River Mandovi.
Saline soil in the region occurs in the flood plains of River Mandovi where the soil is deep, poorly
drained and less permeable. It is saline, high in pH and contains humus and organic matter. The
average annual rainfall received in the city is 3124.06 mm.
Based on the natural topography and the slope of the city all the storm water drains are laid flowing
towards the Western area of the city. All the road side drains surface runoff water is let into major
drains which is further discharged into River Mandovi. The present storm water drains are closed
without any lining and are desilted every three months. The altitude of the city is only 7 m from the
Mean Sea Level (MSL) and at same plain level of River Mandovi. The city of Panaji consists of
majority of the area which has been reclaimed on low lying areas. These are highly prone to flood

water from three sides i.e. Zuari river on the South, Mandovi river on the North and Arabian Sea in the
West.
As the general level of the city is lower than the high tide level, when the level of Mandovi river rises,
reverse flow takes place which was absorbed bythe creeks/ nallahs/ marshy land/ ponds, etc in the
initial period. The system of surface storm water drains were constructed during the period of
Portuguese rule along most of the roads and streets. The city’s major SWD network still comprises
majorly this old system of SWD. The storm water from here is channelized towards the River through
major drains. However, with the scale of urbanization and silting of the major drains the existing
system of SWD has been inadequate and insufficient to address the issues of the city which faces
flooding every monsoon due to the natural process of the high tide in the River Mandovi. This has
been a major challenge for the city which needs to be addressed in a systematic and effective
manner.
8.4.1.1 Roadside drains

The present storm water drainage network for Panaji city was planned and implemented in the year
1938 by the Portuguese. All the major roads are provided with roadside storm water drains further
connected to the outfall drains which finally leads to Northern side of the city for ultimate discharge
into Mandovi River at various locations. The present storm water drainage system can be divided in to
four major zones as listed below.
 Run off from the Altinho hillock flowing in to the Mala & Faintainos area of the city further
discharging into Mala Lake. From here it flows in to Ourem Creek and finally to River Mandovi
 Run off from the core city area (Northern part) flowing in to Mandovi River through surface
drains and gutters.
 Run off from St, Inez areas flowing in to the St. Inez Nallahand then to the River Mandovi.
 Run off from the Southern parts of the city flowing in to the Arabian Sea
The total length of roadside drains in the city is 77 kms (one sided) which covers the existing road
network within the city. Presently the details w.r.t the existing storm water drains is not available and
hence the various aspects of coverage, condition of the storm water drains and areas covered under
present network could not be assessed. It is very important for the CCP to map the existing storm
water drains to assess the present state of the drainage network and further propose improvement
projects for efficient storm water discharge in the city. The increasing urbanization and increase in
number of properties in the city which depends upon an old drainage system implies high vulnerability
of the existing storm water drainage network of the city. This is one of the major reasons in the
clogging and flooding of the drains.
8.4.2 Storm Water Drainage post 1st Generation CDP – Status Review
Present storm water drains lay out Storm water drains laid as per the site topography during
just reword this appropriately Portuguese reign
Coverage within CCP area 100%
Total Length and condition of No proper data pertaining to the length and condition of the
storm water drains storm water drains
Present O & M Agency CCP only attends to the repair works of the existing drains

 Closure of existing drains

 Silting of Mandovi River
 Silting of natural drains
 Encroachment along with Saint-Inez Nallah
 Encroachment and reclamation of lakes.
 Redesign of the existing drain system network to ensure safe against the flash flood.
 GIS Inventory Mapping & data base managementsystem
 Efficient Maintenance Mechanism
cost estimate of Rs. 4.50 crores was proposed for the projects proposed for improvement of storm
water drainage system in the city.

1 Cleaning of all the stormwater drains 100 km;Estimated cost: 250 lakhs
2 Beautification of Saint-Inez nallah (3000x20x3);Estimated cost: 200 lakhs
GIS Inventory Mappingand Development of
3 -
StromWater Drain ManagementSystem
Source: CDP 2006
8.4.2.1 Proposed Projects

The CCP has prepared a DPR on St. Nallah/ creek at Panaji which estimated a total cost of Rs 19.56
crores. The proposal is presently reworked by GSIDC and the project cost estimate with new
components is approximately Rs 72.0 crores. It has been taken up as one of the project component
under improvement of storm water drains in the Revised CDP for Panaji.
8.4.3 Service Adequacies and Key Issues

The service level benchmarks as shown in the Table below shows 100% coverage of SWD w.r.t the
existing road network within the CCP area. The city SWD network was laid during Portuguese period
and still functional. However, there is a persistent problem of flooding during monsoon due to high
water levels in River Mandovi and shortcomings of the present SWD system to mitigate such
incidences. The present state of outfall drains is bad with dumping of SWM and lacks proper
maintenance. The city needs a proper storm water drainage management plan which should be
based on in depth study of the existing SWD system, its carrying capacity, its surface condition and
need for replacement and improvement. The roadside drains should be aligned as per the topography
and integrated to the network of major outfall drains forming a proper drainage system within the city.
Table 61: Service Level Benchmarks for storm water drains
Storm Water Drainage Unit Value (2012-13) SLB GAP

Coverage of storm water drainage % 100.00 100.00
network
Incidence of water logging / Flooding Number N.A. -

The major issues in the present storm water drains are as listed below.
 The present system of storm water drains discharge is planned on the basis of gravity formed
by the topography of the place. However given the same levels of River and land form and
encroachment of natural barriers along the River this system is not applicable during high tide
or monsoons. It occurs in flooding of the city area which has been a persistent problem every
year during the monsoons.A new mechanism for efficient storm water discharge needs to be
evolved to address this issue immediately.
 The high urbanization rate of the city has affected the natural drainage pattern of the city. The
new development upcoming in the city has been ignoring this factor adding to the complexity
of the problem.
 The Panaji city consisted of lakes / marshy lands earlier which used to act a buffer against the
flooding of River Mandovi during monsoons. One of these the Mala Lake located at foothill of
Altinho acted as a catchment area to accommodate the excess run off flowing from Altinho.
2 2
But due to encroachment along the lakeside its area reduced from 70,000 m to 15,000 m
and is still prone to encroachments. This reduction in the catchment area of the lake has
resulted in run off entering the city areas from Altinho. The Mala lake development and
conservation will help in mitigating this issue to quite an extent.The River Mandovi flowing
through the state meets the Arabian Sea near Panaji. This perennial source naturally silts in
the area where it merges the sea. Panaji located adjacent to this conjuncture of the River also
discharges its storm water runoff and sewage into the River. Over the years the siltation in the
River has been increasing causing free flow of water and increase in river bed level. During
peak storms, invert levels of outfall drains are lower than water level of River / Tides and
thereby affecting the safe discharge.
 The present storm water drain network is old and poorly maintained. This reduces the
carrying capacity of the drains resulting in overflowing of storm water drains and stagnation of
water on the city roads.
 The natural drains such as Saint-Inez Nallah which carry major part of storm water to River
Mandovi are affected due to silting due to indiscriminate dumping of solid waste, discharge of
untreated sewage from the household not connected to UGD network and encroachments
along the drains. This has reduced the present carrying capacity of the natural drains along
with reduction in the velocity of the flow. Presently there is no proper mapping of the existing
storm water drains and information on its present condition. The CCP conducts only the repair
works of the existing storm water drains when required.
Panaji city being surrounded by water bodies has high ground water table with water being
available around 1 to 1.5 m from the surface. Moreover, the soil is deep, poorly drained and
less permeable. Hence, high ground level saturation is also affecting the percolation surface
run-off.

9. TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION
9.1 Existing Transportation Infrastructure
9.1.1 Regional Roadways

Goa has a total length of 269 kms under National Highways. The road network in Goa is well
developed in the coastal plains providing accessibility to the beaches and various tourist spots.
However accessibility to hilly and dense forested terrain of Western Ghats is poorly developed. Goa
has two National Highways passing through it. The NH-17 runs along west coast and links Goa to
Mumbai in the North and Managalore to the South while NH-4A runs across the state connecting the
city of Panaji the state capital to Belgaum (Karnataka) in East. Apart from the above mentioned
National Highways, Goa has 8 State Highways of which the major ones are:
 SH 1 connecting Mapusa to Valpoi via Bicholim
 SH 5 connecting Ponda to Margao
 SH 6 which takes off from SH-5, south of Ponda, passing through towns of Sanvordem and
Sanguem and leading to Karnataka.
The city of Panaji is connected by the hierarchy of road network which includes National Highway
(NH), State Highways (SH), Public Work Department as well as the CCP roads. The State Highways,
Major District Roads (MDR) and the city roads are maintained by the state government under Public
Works Department (PWD). The CCP presently is not involved in the O & M and laying of roads within
the city.
The regional road network within the city shows two major roads passing through Panaji CCP viz. NH-
17 and NH-4A. The NH-17 passes through the city and further connects it with Mumbai in
Maharashtra via Mapusa and Pernem in the state and Mangalore in Karnataka via Margao in the
state. The NH-4A connects the city to Bangalore in Karnataka via Ponda in the state. The NH-7
intersects the NH-4A in the city. These regional roads also form the major spine of the city road
network. The Fig below shows the regional road connectivity within the state and Panaji.

Figure 31: Regional Connectivity in the state
MUMBAI
NH-17
BELGAUM
NH-4A
NH-17
MANGALORE
Source:

9.1.2 Railways
Goa has well developed railway linkages with the rest of the country. There are two single broad
gauge track routes for the movement of goods and people. These are as follows:
 a) The Panvel-Mangalore North-South link by Konkan Rail Corporation
 b) The Londa- Mormugao East- West link by South Western Railway.
The state has two major railway stations – Margao and Vasco d agama. Both these stations are
located in the Southern part of the state. The South Central Railway terminus is at Vasco-da.gama
and the Konkan railway terminus is at Margao. The Margao station is the biggest and most prominent
railway station being a railway junction positioned at the intersection of the Konkan railway and South
Western railway. It is well connected to major cities in the country viz. Mumbai, Mangalore, Bangalore,
Cochin, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Delhi, Jaipur, Kolkatta etc. Apart from this there are smaller stations
along the rail route passing through the state which connects to the various locations along its route.
The city of Panaji doesnot have direct rail connectivity. At present the Margao station only serves as
the major rail link to the city. It is located at a distance of 40 kms from the city and further connected
by private buses/ KTC buses, private taxis/ two wheelers etc. The nearest railway station to the city is
located at Karmali at a distance of 14 km from the city. However, this station is small and presently
not equipped with good infrastructure to cater high volumes of passenger traffic. Moreover, there is
lack of proper public transport system between Karmali and Panaji which can facilitate good
accessibility to reach Panaji.

Figure 32: Schematic Map - Rail Connectivity and stations in the state

9.1.3 Waterways
Goa is endowed with 253 km of navigable inland waterways. Currently the Mandovi and Zuari rivers
are used for transportation of around 15 million tonnes of iron ore from mines in the Bicholim, Sattari
and Sanguem talukas to the Marmugao Port. The Cumbarjua Canal, which links rivers Mandovi and
Zuari, is also used for iron ore transportation in the monsoon months, since the mouth of the River
Mandovi is not navigable during the monsoon, due to the formation of sand-bars during this period.
However due to limited draft of the canal, only smaller size barges can navigate at high tide through
the canal.
Besides iron ore, imported coal is also transported from the Port to a coking plant at Amona. The
transportation of passengers is limited to the government owned public ferry services used at river
crossings, mainly at places where road bridges are not available. There are 21 numbers of ferry
routes within the state. Out of these, 12 routes have been privatised for toll fees since 2002. In
addition to meeting the needs for transportation of goods and passengers, the inland waterways have
a tremendous scope for tourist leisure transportation, in the form of boat cruises and sightseeing.
Ferry transport is a significant transport mode in the Panaji city. A substantial number of people use
the ferry system operated by River Navigation Department as it is affordable and less time consuming
to go across the River Mandovi. There are three numbers of jetties from which ferries transport people
and vehicles across the River Mandovi. They operate from Panaji to Betim, Ribandar to Chorao and
Divar jetty to St. Pedro. The Table below gives the details of the existing ferry routes operated in
Panaji.
Table 62: Ferry Routes in Panaji
S. No Origin Destination
1 Panaji Betim
2 Ribander (Chorao Jetty) Chorao
3 Divar Jetty St. Pedro
Source: DPR for Comprehensive Mobility Plan for the City of Panaji under JNNURM, 2010
It has been projected in the draft regional plan that by 2021, 20 lakh people could generate 30 lakh
trips per day (at 1.5 trips per person per day). Considering this projected demand and convenience of
inter city transportation through the water ways the city needs to give high prominence to this mode of
transport in future. The city road network has no scope for expansion given its geographical settings
while the city will experience major thrust of traffic movement with the rapid urbanization. The city’s
water front and locational advantage along the coastline of the state (centrally located) can be used
for developing the passenger ferry system to commute to major urban centres in the state viz. Vasco,
Mormagaon, Madgaon etc. Apart from this, the waterways also need to be developed to improve the
connectivity of the adjoining areas which are navigable to the city. Other than the existing ferry routes
operational in the city, there is further scope in developing passenger services like Dona Paula-Vasco
city, Panaji – Chorao-Divar-Old Goa- Amona-Pilgao, Panaji – Pomburpa-Aldona-Siridao, Banastarium
22
– Old Goa – Panjim etc . The Figure below shows the major ferry routes within the state including the
city of Panaji.
22
Goa Vision 2035, Goa Chamber of Commerce and Industry

Figure 33: Existing Ferry routes in the state
Ferry routes in Panaji

9.1.4 Airways
The airport facility for the city is located at Dabolim which is about 35 km away from Panaji. Apart from
this, a greenfiled airport is also proposed at Mopa in Pernem taluka which is located at a distance of
30 kms from Panaji.
Figure 34: Airports in the state

The Dabolim Airport in Goa (only
airport for the state) ranks 8th out of all
the airports in India, in terms of the
volume of traffic held. It is estimated by
the Airports Authority of India
authorities, that the runway can handle
up to 25 million people per year,
however, the support and infrastructure
facilities are so poor, that the airport is
struggling to cope with a mere 2.2
million passengers, less than a tenth of
its integral capacity.
Infrastructure constraints include a
terminal that can only support a meagre
350 passengers on the domestic side
and 300 passengers on the
international section, a facility for
parking that can accommodate just a
mere 100 cars and no buses/ coaches,
a miniscule apron, that has no more
than six bays, no cargo facilities to
speak of and a very poor approach
highway. The present situation is far
23
from ideal and the airport is under
severe strain, stretched to the point of
collapse.
Even conservative projections by AAI point out to an estimated traffic of 54 lakh passengers by 2015,
with over 49,000 aircraft movements. The next two years alone will receive approximately 30000
annual aircrafts and 35 lakh passengers transit this airport, and Airport Authority of India (AAI) is well
aware that they are at crisis point.
The key constraint, for efficient functioning of the Dabolim airport, is the lack of sufficient land. At
present the airport covers an area of 36.40 acres. The state government as well as the Navy has
transferred 9.87 acres and 6.25 acres of additional land respectively summing to 52.51 acres.
23
Present airport requirements includes a terminal building that can support 2000 domestic and 1500 international passengers,
car parking areas for 1000 cars and 50 coaches, no less than 12 aerobridge bays and 6 non standard bays for VIP and
private aircraft, along with integrated handling facilities to managed 5000 MT tons of perishable and non perishable cargo.

However, due to disagreements among the concerned departments, the development works for the
enhancing the present airport facilities has not been yet commenced.
On the other hand a proposal for Modern International Airport at Mopa in Pernem taluka is declared
and under consideration. It is located at a distance of 30 kms from Panaji. The land already acquired,
land under notification of acquisition and land proposed to be acquired adds up to about 1100
hectares. The 13th Finance Commission has given a special Goa specific grant of Rs 100 crore for
Mopa Greenfield Airport. The Goa Government has now officially given an “in principle” approval to
the civil aviation ministry to two airports in the state. However, the Government commissioned the
International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) to carry out a study of the situation concerning the
existing airport at Dabolim and the proposed new airport at Mopa in order to explore the feasibility of
operating two airports in the state. The high powered committee has since submitted its final
recommendations for a new airport at Mopa to the centre. City Road HierarchyRoad Network
2
The city spreads over a total area of 8.30 km as per the ODP for Panaji. Out of this, the area
2
underroads is 0.30 km which constitutes only 5.45 % of the city area. The total length of the roads in
the city is 77.0 km. Out of this 71.7 km of road network is located within the CCP area. Thus, the city
roads comprising of sub arterial, collector and streets constitute about 93% of the total roads in the
city. Following table provide the length and width of the various roads in the city. The arterial roads
comprising of the regional NH/ SH constitute remaining 7% of the total length of the road network
which is interconnected to the sub arterial roads of the city.
Table 63: Distribution of road network in Panaji city
Road category Length (km) Width of the % to total

roads (m)
Arterial Roads (National Highway, State Highways) 5.3 30- 50 7
City Roads (Arterial, Collector and streets) 71.7 2 to 15 93
Total length of the Roads 77.0 100%
Source: PWD and NHAI Department
9.1.4.1 City Roads
Panaji, similar to many other Indian cities that have had a colonial past has a mix of organic, radial
and grid iron road networks. Organic road networks are seen in Fountainhas, Portais and Boca Da
Vaca areas which were the first to be inhabited on account of the creek and the presence of fresh
water springs. Radial networks developed in the Altinho areas due to the topographical conditions of
the Altinho hill. Grid iron networks exist in the Central Panaji areas as this forms reclaimed and
engineered land that was laid by Eng. Luis Maravilhas in 1923. Patto complex area also has a grid
iron pattern as it was designed and executed after 1985.
The Ribander causeway built in 1632 formed the main link between Ribander and Central Panaji as
well as the construction of the Patto Bridge in 1633. Both these are today heritage structures. The
main arterial road of the city today is the D B Road which runs along the Mandovi River edge and
24
connects the Kadamba bus stand area down till the NIO junction . Also adding to the road network of
the city are 7 road bridges and 1 foot bridge. Of this the new Patto and the old Patto bridges act as
24
DPR for Comprehensive Mobility Plan for the City of Panaji under JNNURM, 2010

major entry and exit points to the city. The road network in Panaji is also characterised by a large
proportion of one ways.
Figure 35: Road Hierarchy in Panaji city
Source: DPR on Public Share Bicycle for Panaji, 2014Carriageway
The width of roads ranges between 4 to 14 meters in the city. As indicated in the Table below, about
77% of the road network has either two or four lanes (width 8-14m) and around 12% of the road
network has two lane carriage widths. The remaining 11% of the road network has single lane.
Majority of these single lane roads are collector roads further connecting to the arterial roads. The
major regional roadshave four lanes and all the major roads within the city have two lanes. The Table
below shows the details of carriage widths for the existing roads in the city.
Table 64: Carriage way details
Carriage way (Meters) No. of lanes %

Up to 3 meter Single lane 11%
4 to 7 meter Two lane 12%
8 to 14 meter Two lane/ Four Lane 77%
Total 100%

9.1.4.2 Road Condition
The city roads within the CCP are 100% surfaced with Bituminous topped (BT) roads. All the roads
are maintained on regular basis by the PWD department. The major issue which is faced by the city
administration is regular resurfacing of the roads which are subjected to frequent wear and tear due to
high vehicular traffic movement. The road surface is also damaged during the period of monsoons
due to heavy rain and flooding in some parts of the city. The roads are resurfaced with layering of BT
every time without scrapping the old road surface. This issue needs to be addressed on priority basis.
City roads in core area
9.1.5 Important Junctions

There are in all 26 major traffic junctions in the city. Out of these the major junctions that are prone to
heavy traffic congestion in the city are as listed below.
 Kadamba Circle near Heera Petrol Pump
 Panjim Church Square Junction
 Army Headquarter Junction
 Kala Academy Junction
 Vivanta Hotel Junction
Traffic junctions in the city

These traffic junctions need to be improved on priority for proper traffic movement and facilitate ease
of pedestrian movement as well as ensure safety measures. The same has been considered under
the junction improvement proposal for the city.

9.1.6 Bridges, Flyovers and Interchanges

There are seven road bridges and one foot bridge within the city. The new Patto bridge and the old
Patto bridge over Rua de Ourem act as the major entry and exit points to Panaji. The details of the
bridges in the city have been listed below.
 Old Patto Bridge (Heritage) over Rua De Ourem
 Patto Bridge (1992) over Rua De Ourem
 The New Patto Bridge (extension of the Patto Bridge) (2004) over Rua De Ourem
 4 bridges over St. Inez Nalla (2 near Campal, 1 near mall and 1 near Tonca)
 Foot Bridge (1990) over Rua De Ourem
9.1.7 Non Motorised Transport Facilities

The prominent pedestrian movement patternis concentrated in the central core city area of Panaji
which occupies an area of about 2 km². The core city areaconsists ofprominent natural and built
heritage, carnival/ festival areas,commercial areas andaccommodation areas along with the existence
of administrative, institutional and other departmental offices. This central zone forms the zone of
maximum concentration of pedestrian and vehicular movement due to the high intensity economic
activities bustling in it. Several buildings in thecentral area of Panaji are arcaded and hence provide
shaded pathways for the movement ofpedestrians.
The majority of the pedestrian movement is observed on all the main roads in the central area which
includes Dada Vaidya Road, A B Road, 18th June Road and M G Road. Other roads like the junction
around Panjim Church Square and roads leading to Kadamba bus stand via Rua De Ourem and Foot
Bridge are also popularly frequented. Stepped pedestrian pathways also form a network to access
areas of high slopes like the Altinho Hill amd Cortini which used to be very popular earlier until road
accessibility reduced their importance. Examples of these include the way of the cross stepped
pathway as well as the high court steps.Apart from this, the D B Road which is the major city level
road passing along the waterfront of the city from is also a much frequented road by both pedestrian
and vehicular traffic as it is a scenic route along the Mandovi River edge that leads not only to the
Western tip of Dona Paula which is a tourist spot but also to Ribander and further to Old Goa. It is the
widest road in Panaji and is designed as a promenade. The Fig below shows the major pedestrian
ways within the city area.

Figure 36: Existing Pedestrain ways in the city
The CBD area of Panaji is ideal for pedestrian movement as the concentration of commercial
activities stretch 600 m East-West and 400 m North-South which makes it ideal as a walkable core. It
enjoys a mixed land-use, dominated with commercial activities, also lending to institutional, residential
and recreational use. The CBD also acts as a key pedestrian link amongst heritage areas with
contrasting urban character, public spaces and historic buildings.
Inspite of all the built and natural features which supports pedestrian movement in the core city, it has
been highly affected by chaotic traffic pattern due to movement of vehicles all over, inadequate safety
measures, noise and pollution due to vehicles etc all leading to unfriendly pedestrian environment.
There is urgent need to formulate policies and plans towards the restriction of vehicular traffic within
the core city area, promote non motorized modes of transport, improvement of the pedestrian
pathways and demarcate pedestrian zones linked to the public transport system.
9.2 Issues and Key Challenges

 The city has good regional connectivity by road network. Apart from that it is accessible by
road to the major railway station at Madgaon and Dambolim airport.
 The city lacks direct rail linkage. The nearest railway station is Karmali which is a small station
located at a distance of 14 kms from Panaji. There is lack of proper public transport system
from the railway station to the city which if developed can facilitate easier approach for the
people to opt Karmali station on the Madgoan and Vasco station which are located 40 kms
away from the city and reduce the travel time.The city has access to water ways which

transports people and goods across the River Mandovi in lesser time. However, it is very
minimal at present in the city. Other passenger ferry routes need to be explored taking into
account the restrictions of the road expansion in the city especially for intercity connectivity.
 The city lacks direct air connectivity. The existing airport of Dambolim is 35 kms away while
the proposed airport at Mopa is 30 kms away from the city. At present the Dambolim airport
lacks adequate facilities for the present as well as future demand.
 The roads within the core city area are laid in grid iron pattern but due to the dense
commercial land use and non availaibility of land, the roads cannot be taken up for expansion.
 All the roads within the city are 100% surfaced but have low carriageway. The average
carriageway in the city is 11 m. The highest carriageway in the city is 15.5 m while lowest is
2.0 m.
 The city roads are prone to high level of wear and tear due to traffic movement and flooding
during the monsoons. This results in frequent resurfacing of the roads. Provision of CC roads
in the city will increase its longetivity and reduce the need for frequent repairs.
 Easy and comfortable pedestrian movement difficult due to congestion within the core city
area. Lack of policy measures to restrict the vehiclular movement and use of non motorized
modes of transport within the core city. This results in increasing use of motorized vehicles
adding to the congestion on the roads as well as unpleasant environment for the pedestrians.
 All the pedestrian pathways within the city are not at one level, comfortable, shaded and
properly designed with street lights, sitting benches, paving and landscaping for pedestrian
movement.
 There is lack of proper infrastructure for crossing roads like foot over bridges, traffic signals,
zebra crossings along the major junctions and roads.
 There is a need for formulating a Non motorized Transport policy for the city which promotes
and develops various non motorized options of commuting within the city like pedestrian
pathways, public bicycle sharing system, restriction of vehicular movement in the core city
area, etc
9.3 Existing Traffic and Transportation System
9.3.1 Traffic Volume
9.3.1.1 Entry and exit points
The Panaji city has two major entry and exit points viz. the Old Patto Bridge and the New Patto
Bridge. The Old Patto Bridge was built during the period of Portugal rule and is a heritage structure.
Most of the traffic uses these two major bridgesfor commuting to and fro to the city. As shown in Table
below, 74% of the total traffic enters from New Patto Bridge and remaining 26% of traffic enters from
Old Patto Bridge in the city. On an average total 1,06,014 vehicles enter in the city through these two
bridges. This shows high level of traffic movement on these bridges which becomes a bottleneck
during peak traffic hours. The Table below shows the traffic count on both the bridges and % of
usage.

Table 65: Traffic Count at Old Patto Bridge and New Patto Bridge, 2012
Day Wise Total Old Patto Bridge New Patto Bridge Grand
Vehicles Entering total
Panaji City Vehicles % Usage of Vehicles % Usage
Entering Panaji Bridge Entering Panaji of Bridge
6/11/2012 13723 25.5 40031 74.5 53754
7/12/2012 14054 26.9 38206 73.1 52260
Daily Average 13889 26.2 39119 73.8 106014
Percentage 26 - 74 - 100
Source: Traffic Police cell, Panaji
9.3.1.2 Traffic Characteristics

The unique location and characteristic of the city allows for the usage of various modes of transport
such as road, rail, port, ferry, air and most importantly bicycle and walk. The central area of Panaji has
grid-iron pattern planned during the Portuguese regime. This road network system in the city at
present are too congested and face high traffic blockage throughout the year.
The predominant land use along the existing road network in core city is commercial drawing huge
volume of vehicles and pedestrian volume. With the increase in the tourist activities in the city the
commercial development also has been rapidly growing in the core city. Apart from this, the increase
in vehicular ownership, increasing floating population and development pressure in the main
commercial area has been adding to the conflicts between the vehicular traffic volume as well as the
pedestrian movement.
Since the Central Bussiness District of Panaji was planned during the late 19th century, the road
carriage width is narrow to carry the present vehicular volume of traffic causing traffic jams and
blockages in the peak hours. The junctions prove to be narrow for free vehicular movement. During
peak hours, roads like 18th June Rd, Mahatma Gandhi Rd and A.B. Road, all being the core of the
CBD area, suffer severe congestion, making the lives of its inhabitants unhealthy and miserable. D.B.
Marg Rd also suffers unmanegable traffic volumes during peak hours affecting all the key institutions
and public spaces along the road in Panaji. The junction as we enter the city, outside the Kadamba
bus stand, is also affected by increased number of vehicles in addition to the inter-state and city
buses which ply around every hour.
The problem is further amplified by the parking of vehicles along the roadside. The parking along the
roads is not regularized and presently no parking charges are levied by the CCP which has caused
parking inadequacy and traffic blockages due to increased rate of parking along the roads. Presently
there is no pay parking facilities within the city..

Figure 37: Congested roads and junctions in the core city area
Source: Proposed Decongestion Model for City Centre of Panaji by Charles Chorrea Foundation
9.3.1.3 Traffic Volume at Junctions

As per the survey analysis in the Comprehensive Mobility Plan for the City of Panaji under JNNURM,
2010, ten city road junctions were surveyed to estimate the traffic volume during peak hours. A
maximum traffic volume of 5810 PCUs is observed on Iffl Junction (viz the junction to Ribandar
causeway and has 4 major roads meeting it). The other junctions where high influx of traffic volume
was observed were secretariat junction and Betim Ferry Junction. There is low intensity traffic volume
at foot bridge junction and Caculo Island junction. The summary of traffic volumes of peak hour on all
the major sections of the roads is provided in the table below.
Table 66: Traffic Volume at Major Junctions
S. No Name of the 2 wheeler 3 wheeler 4 wheeler Truck/ bus Total PCU’s

Junction
1 Miramar 1189 72 1108 289 2658 2642
2 Kala Academy 1800 62 1079 212 3153 2677
3 St. Inez. 2844 106 1390 105 4445 3233
4 Caculo Island 1135 61 824 89 2109 1720
5 Betim Ferry 3236 64 1327 479 5106 4446
Junction
6 Dominos Pizza 2858 320 1635 79 4892 3621
Junction
7 Secretariat 1903 141 2377 395 4816 4655
Junction

S. No Name of the 2 wheeler 3 wheeler 4 wheeler Truck/ bus Total PCU’s

Junction
8 Foot Bridge 1747 83 699 114 2643 1998
Junction
9 Junction to 2856 115 1816 817 5604 5810
Ribandar
causeway
10 Kadamba Bus 3294 120 1208 119 4741 3332
Stand
Source: Comprehensive Mobility Plan for the City of Panaji under JNNURM, 2010
9.3.1.4 Vehicular Growth and Composition of Vehicles

Goa ranks first among all the states in terms of households owning two wheelers and / or a car with
around 81.5% compared to the national average of 25.7% as per Census 2011. Evidently, the number
of vehicles in the city has also been increasing every year. At present the most preferred mode of
transport within the city is two wheelers and four wheelers followed by auto rickshaws and taxis by the
locals and tourists to nearby places. Apart from this KTC operated city public transport is also used for
movement within the city.
Analysing the vehicular growth in the city it has been observed that city has experienced about 9.3%
growth in vehicular population in last four years. The maximum increase is observed in rickshaws,
taxis, goods vehicles and two wheelers. A decline in public transport buses has been observed in last
four years indicating a decline in its usage. The figure and table below depicts the modal split of the
vehicles registered in the city from 2008-09 to 2012-13.
Figure 38: Growth of vehicles in the city (2008-2013)
12000 10422 10482

10000 8935
8003
7341
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
Number of Vehicles
Source: Regional Transport Office (RTO), Panaji
Table 67: Number of Vehicles Registered at RTO, Panaji
S. Type of Vehicles 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Growth

No. %
1 Motor Cycles on Hire 159 167 244 413 195 5.23
2 Motor Cycles and 4400 4692 5013 5918 6673 10.97

S. Type of Vehicles 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Growth

No. %
Scooters
3 Private Cars and Jeeps 2102 2313 2941 3016 2904 8.42
4 Goods Vehicles 186 207 365 368 332 15.59
5 Taxis 109 143 82 198 199 16.24
6 Buses and Mini 207 249 212 262 110 -14.62
Buses/KTC
7 Transport vehicles 86 68 35 41 33 -21.29
8 Auto Rickshaws 7 4 17 24 31 45.07
9 Government Vehicles 85 160 26 182 5 -50.75
10 Total 7341 8003 8935 10422 10482 9.31
Source: RTO, Panaji
Figure 39: Growth of vehicles in various categories (2008-2013)
8000 Hired motorcycles

7000 Motor cycles & scooters
6000 Private Cars and Jeeps
5000
Goods Vehicles
4000
Taxis
3000
Buses/Mini Buses/KTC
2000
Transport vehicles
1000
Auto Rickshaws
0
2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Government Vehicles
Source: RTO, Panaji
9.3.2 Modes of Transport
9.3.2.1 Modal split
This unique location and characteristic of the city allows for the usage of various modes of transport
such as road, rail, port, ferry, air and most importantly bicycle and walk. Apart from the various
motorized and non motorized on road modes of transport in the city, there are ferries which carry
people and vehicles between Panaji and smaller satellite towns located across the Mandovi River at
present. A unique mode of intermediate transport by way of motorcycles on hire having a
combinationof motorcycle pilot and passenger behind are also present.
As per the average of the number of vehicles registered in the last five years (2008 -2013) it is evident
that among all modes of transport, private two wheelers and four wheelers remain the most preferred
in the city with vehicular population of 88.46%. The other modes of passenger movement within the
city includes hired motor cycles (2.61%), taxis (1.62%), KTC/ private buses (2.30%) and
autorickshaws (0.18%). About 3.23% of the vehicles are goods vehicles while 1.01% is government
vehicles. The Fig below shows the modal split of vehicles operating wihin the city.

Figure 40: Modal Split of vehicles in the city
0.18% 1.01%
0.58% Motor Cycles on Hire
1.62% 2.61%
2.30%
3.23% Motor Cycles and Scooters
Private Cars and Jeeps
Goods Vehicles
Taxis
29.38%
Buses and Mini Buses/KTC
59.08%
Transport vehicles
Auto Rickshaws
Government Vehicles
9.3.2.2 Public Transportation
The public transport system in Goa predominently includes bus transport system. KTC operates
services within Goa state as well as outside Goa. Apart from this, private bus operators also operate
to a large extent. It is estimated that about two-third of the buses operators are in the private sector
and the state owned Kadamba Transport buses operate parallel to the private sector. Apart from this
motor cabs, autorickshaws and pilots (motorcycles) also serve the purpose of passenger transport in
the state which form the major mode of transportation in Goa.Among these, the pilot motorcycles are
very popular among the locals as well as the tourists for movement due to easy accessibility even in
the remote areas, low fare and faster mobility. There is also some percentage of passenger ferry
routes which ply in the state.
Goa boasts of one vehicle for every 2.8 people residing in the state; this the highest index in the
country. Over the last five years, there has been an average annualised growth of 9 to 10% in the
25
number of vehicles, coming to Goa’s roads. It is observed that ratio of the number of public transport
vehicles to the number of private vehicles has sharply declined over the years. This extremely high
rate of growth of private vehicles, especially two wheelers and private cars not only congests the
roads but also causes high levels of pollution and wastage of fuel, which is primarily imported.
Besides the growing affluence, the primary reason, for the high spurt in private vehicles, is the poor
availability of an alternate public transportation system. The public transport system mainly comprises
of bus services. The Kadamba Transport Corporation (KTC) runs its service, analogous to the private
sector and has to hence compete with them, on all the routes, except the three major trunk routes
intercity routes between Panjim, Margao and Vasco, which have been nationalised by the
Government. At present the KTC has a fleet of 433 vehicles comprising 36 luxury buses, 250 semi
luxury buses and 147 mini buses operating on 215 routes covering over 104000 kms per day and
26
catering to around 75000 passengers per day . However, in the recent years, the losses of KTC have
risen because of non replacement of old buses, low fleet utilisation and over staffing.
25
26

9.3.2.3 City Level Bus Service
The public bus transport system in the Panaji CCP is also operated and maintained by Kadamba
Transport Corporation (KTC). It was established in the year 1981. Likewise the state, the public
transport system in the city is also struggling to compete with private modes such as cars, two
wheelers and other intermediary modes, as they are unable to respond to the demand. In Panaji the
current modal split have low percentage of mass transport which is around mere 2.3%.
The core city is restricted for public transport operations due to high density and inadequate carriage
widths of the roads for bus operations. Hence, the existing routes within the city are limited and often
the frequencies are inadequate. The most frequented route is from KTC to Miramar beach and then
down to Dona Paula via Tonca. The Fig below shows the existing bus route within the city.
Figure 41: Map showing existing bus routes within the city
9.3.2.4 Intercity transport
The Kadamba Transport Corporation is the major agency which runs the intercity transportation in the
city. The major routes/ towns connected include entire North Goa and South Goa talukas as well as
the neighbouring states of Karnataka, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. Apart from KTC, bus
services operated by the private sector also operate in the city which caters to the intercity need of the
people. Apart from transportation between the major urban centres, the bus transport also connects
the city to the major transport nodes viz. airport, railway stations etc. However, there is no dedicated
bus service connecting these transport nodes which receives the maximum thrust of domestic as well
as foreign tourists visiting the state.
A total of 54 routes are operated by private and Kadamba Transport Corporation. About 2619
numbers of trips are generated from the neighboring towns to the city of Panaji by private buses as
well as KTC operated buses. Each bus operates around 8 trips per day covering approximately 200

km mileage per day.The buses that access various other towns in the region are predominantly
towards Old Goa (private buses) and then towards Mapusa (public buses).
9.3.2.5 KTC Bus stand Infrastructure
The Kadamba bus terminal which is located at the entrance to the city serves as the major hub and
interchange for intercity and intra city buses. This is also the point where intermediate modes of
transport like taxis and pilots can be also procured on entering Panaji city. This interchange transport
hub is not only located at the entrance to the city but is also located along the NH 17 and has large
traffic volumes and intermingling of both inter and intra city traffic.
The present bus stand is spread on an area of 40000 sq. m. There are 40 numbers of platforms with
40,000 numbers of average passengers travelling per day. The condition of the bus stand is not
satisfactory and needs improvements. An additional area of 17490 sq. m adjacent to the existing bus
stand and EDC Patto Plaza has been proposed for Transport Bhavan. The PWD, Goa has taken up
following works for improvements of bus stand. This includes the following:
a) Asphalting (hot mix) of road surface within bus stand area
b) Fixing of pavers at arrival and exit point
c) Kotah stone flooring at Panaji bus stand (in main building)
d) Painting of the main bus terminus
e) Electrical repair/ illumination work
f) P/F PVC sheet roofing over the main bus terminus
g) Construction of storm water drainage
9.3.3 Existing Transportation Infrastructure

The existing transportation infrastructure of the city includes the KTC bus terminal and the Ferry
transport node. The Kadamba Transport Corporation (KTC) and private bus operators run buses
within Panaji and Goa State. There are total 433 numbers of buses in the state with 800 trips
performed by the city services (private vehicles) and 2619 trips are generated from the neighboring
towns to the city of Panaji by private buses as well as KTC operated buses. Apart from this, there is
water transport facility transporting people and goods from Panaji across to other bank of River
Mandovi. There are 3 jetties from which ferries transport people and vehicles across the river
Mandovi. There is no direct railway link or airport facility within or surrounding the city limits. Parking
Facilities
9.3.3.1 Para Transit Parking

Parking is allowed free of cost in all areas of Panaji especially in the central commercial areas. Areas
demarcated for parking of two and four wheelers and
no parking zones are indicated as per information
that was provided by the traffic police department
and CCP. The central business district area of Panaji
attracts a large volume of traffic, especially during
the peak hours and the demand for parking spaces is
the highest in the city. Most of the roads within CBD
have been made into one-way and has parking on
both sides of the road thus compromising on the right

of way for the movement of traffic. At present the city has the parking for 2,201 four wheelers and
27
5,516 two wheelers at a time .
Figure 42: Allocated parking areas in Core City Area of Panaji
28
Allocated Parking areas in Core City Area
The demand for parking area within the city increases with the increase in the number of vehicles. In
order to accommodate this growing demand the valuable and limited city space and city roads are
compromised for the benefit of private vehicle owners. The demand for parking is the highest in the
core city area where the right of way of the existing roads is inadequate even for two way movement
of vehicles. Majority of the roads inspite of having provision of onstreet parking on both the sides
experiences double parking and haphazard parking which effects the vehicular movement in the core
city.
Comparing the parking numbers during the peak time and parking numbers during the night time it is
observed that most of the parking spaces in the city are occupied by the working population than the
residents of the city. Despite the efforts of the Traffic Department to declare no-parking areas, they
have not been followed because of the lack of strict implementation and due fines to discourage the
27
As per data collected from Traffic Cell, Panaji, 2013
28

same. There is a urgent need to solve the parking issues in the city with proper parking policy,
provision of multilevel parking in the core city and strict enforcement of parking policy.
9.3.4 Safety and Traffic Management Measures

As the central commercial areas of Panaji city have the highest influx of tourists it also has the
maximum parking spaces in the city as well as high traffic volumes. The designation of one and two
ways and signage has been carried out in this area so as to regulate the traffic flow. Ribandar area
also has a system of one and two ways that have been designated. This is due to the fact that the
roads here are narrow and themain road which functions is the NH 4A which is the main route to old
Goa from Panaji city although it is only 6m wide. The Fig below shows the traffic movement pattern
within the city.
Figure 43: Traffic movement in the city (one way, two way and pedestrian)

9.3.5 Traffic Calming Measures

Urban transport in the city is dealt by multiple organisations viz. Traffic cell, RTO, PWD department,
CCP, KTC etc. Each individual department functions seperately under the respective roles and
responsibilities under respective departments. At present there is no measures or steps towards a
common approach towards for the traffic mangement within the city. Junction Improvement
Programmes
Presently no projects are taken up for junction improvement within the city. However, the
Comprehensive Mobility Plan for the City of Panaji have proposed junction improvement projects as
listed below. The same has been taken into consideration in the project proposals under Traffic and
Transportation in the Revised CDP for Panaji.
 Kadamba Bus stand Junction
 Domino pizza Junction
 Foot bridge Junction (Patto)
 IFFI Junction (footpaths)
 NIO Junction (ROW, Cul de sac & Turning radius)
 Caculo Junction, St Inez Junction, Adil Shah Junction
 Miramar Junction and Betim Ferry Junction
9.3.6 Issues and Key Challenges

 Total road coverage in the city is only 5.45% of the total city area which is highly inadequate
in comparison to the URDPFI guidelines of 14-15%.
 Being most preferred mode of transport, the increasing number of private two wheelers and
four wheelers in the city over the years has elevated the traffic congestion and parking issues.
 The average road width in the core city of Panaji is planned during the Portuguese period
which does not allow the overtaking of vehicles and restricts the speed considerably.
 The traffic movement in the core city area, junction at the entry/ exitpoints viz Old and new
Patto bridges and the area near the KTC bus stand is highly congested causing traffic
blockage.
 The predominant use of private vehicle in Panaji has led to significant and haphazard on-
street parking in the city inspite of provision of parking on both sides of the roads. This has
reduced the effective width of roads in the city, resulting in increased congestion.
 The large number of one-way roads has also lead to an increase in trip lengths for many
private vehicle users, in turn increasing the overall vehicle kilometres travelled. Finally, the
intermingling of intra-city and inter-city traffic has further exacerbated problems of congestion.
 Parking areas in the city are not regularized and presently not charged with any parking fees.
Lack of strict enforcement on parking in no parking zones.
 Lack of multilevel parking facilities in the core city area which can be best option considering
the land scarcity and demand for parking.
 One of the biggest issues in Panaji is the inadequacy of the public transport system. Public
transport only accounts for 15% of the total trips in the city. Public transport routes are not
comprehensive and do not cover all areas of the city. The existing bus services in the city are
insufficient and inadequate. While a few regions are well served, like Kadamba Transport
Corporation to Miramar beach, other areas have little to no bus services. This is especially
true of private buses which only ply on certain major routes in the city.
 There is lack of proper public transport system between the city and the major transport
nodes like the Dambolim Airport and Karmali railway station. The city being the administrative
capital and prime tourist hub in North Goa there is heavy influx of people commuting from

these transport nodes to the city. At present high reliance is on private taxis/ scooters by the
tourists to commute to the city.Lack of traffic control measures & signage at major junctions
causes chaos and traffic jams.
 The bus stand lacks good passenger facilities like adequate public toilets, separate entry and
exit gates, rest rooms, and facilities for disabled people, adequate garbage bins and proper
paving for pedestrian circulation area.Project Proposals.

The various studies which have been commenced towards the improvement of the traffic and
transportation system within the city which includes the following.
1. Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Panaji.
2. Traffic Decongestion Model for Panaji city centre
3. Public Bicycle Sharing
The CDP proposal for Panaji has taken into consideration these studies and the project proposals
under Traffic and Transportation has been formulated based on the components proposed in these
study reports.
1. Comprehensive Mobility Plan (CMP) for Panaji city
The CCP has prepared a CMP for Panaji under JnNURM-1 with estimated cost of Rs.799.0 crores out
of which Rs.414.82 crores is estimated for the development and improvements works within the CCP
limit. The DPR finally was approved by SLSC at a cost of Rs 742.91 crores. It was submitted to MoUD
for approval in 2013 and not yet approved.
The estimated project cost of the project is Rs. 742.91 crores. It is observed that the project covers
the following project components for the design year 2031.
a) Road improvements b) Public transport
 Road hierarchy delineation  Tram system
 Primary and secondary rings  Bus system - Routes, Bus stops and new
 Road improvements buses
 Junction improvements  Ferry system
 Mono rail (pre feasibility)
 KTC Stand re design
 PWD garage re design
c) Pedestrian and NMV Plan d) Interchange points
 Footpath upgradation e) Freight traffic
 Arcaded walkways f) Parking
 Zebra crossings g) Traffic management plan
 Foot over bridges  One and two way systems
 Pedestrian precincts  Signalisation
 Dedicated cycle lane  Road markings and signage
Apart from these recommendations has been suggested for improvement of traffic and
transportation in Panaji region as well as Panaji city.
Panaji region level Panaji City level
a) NH and bye pass upgradation a) Integrated land use proposals
b) Ring road completion b) Institutional mechanisms
c) New bridge and ramps
d) Jetty and parking facilities across Mandovi

The CMP of Panaji envisioned maximizing investments in public transport to develop an efficient,
comfortable, safe yet unobtrusive public transport system so as to facilitate movement of people and
not vehicles and promote walking and cycling. The projects have been delineated on the basis of the
analysis generated from primary and secondary surveys & data collection, information gathered from
stakeholders and also on the basis of the issues and suggestions that have been received during the
primary and secondary stakeholders’ consultation process. The same has been considered in the
Revised CDP for Panaji under Traffic and Transportation sector investments.
2. Decongestion Model for the city centre of Panaji
The decongestion model for Panaji predominantly addresses to three main issues, apart from the
change in traffic directions:
a. Bus Rapid Transit
b. Parking strategies
c. Pedestrain Environment
b) Hop on and Hop off system in the CBD – In order, to decrease the traffic volume entering
the city during the daytime, the model proposes park and ride system wherein the commuters park
their cars in the parking lots outside the CBD area and take the hop on and hop off bus service plying
in the core city area. This will reduce the travel time caused due to congestion and inavailaibility of
parking space. Having this in mind, three loops have been proposed for the people who want to
communicate in the CBD area. They are Loop A: from the main bus stand to the CBD; Loop B: from
Bal Bhavan to CBD and Loop C: around CBD area (Refer Fig below). The buses should be circulated
in designated lanes which will open in a bay to facilitate the flow of traffic and the accesibility to the
pedestrian areas. New bus stops designs to be adopted, in order to favour the quick identification of
routes, disabled friendly and with low floor in level with the floor level of the bus stop.
Figure 44: Proposed bus route for Hop on and hon off system

b) Parking Strategies
Various parking sites have been identified to ensure proper working of the decongestion model.
Appropriate parking policies, including parking hours and rates, have to be formulated for all
residential areas around the city to discourage haphazard parkingaround the proposed parking sites.
The proposed parking locations are mainly divided into three different categories:
Off site multi storey parking in the periphery – Multi storey parking facilities in the peripheral areas
for the population which is commuting from the peripheral areas of Margao, Vasco, Porvorim, etc., to
the North-East or from Miramar, Dona Paula to the South-West. To be located at inter change transit
point eg: Kadamba Bus stand where the hop on hop off buses can be easily accessible.
On site parking in the CBD – Dilapitated government structures like P.W.D. garage and other
government buildings with the possibility of providing enough parking spots, like Junta House and
Municipal Market, have also been considered as on-site parking areas. Multi-level parking would be
the best option to tap the fullest parking potential of these spots/ parking space in the CBD wherever
possible.
On street parking in the CBD - All designated parking streets in the CBD will have on street parking
along them, Typical road width have been proposed for four wheeler and two wheeler parking as
shown in Figure below.
Figure 45: Proposed on site and on street parking facility in the core city
on- site parking 2 wheeler parking 4 wheeler

parking

c) Pedestrian Environment
The area which is formed within the loop of the bus routes has been proposed as the pedestrian zone
within the core city. The 18th June road will be the major spine of the pedestrian movement. As a
person gets off a bus, they can access this pedestrian zone to their left all along the loop (fig 9.2). The
pedestrian areas also prioritize high commercial purpose since it is a proven fact that
pedestrianization increases people movement up to thrice of what already exists with busy traffic and
also makes the streets extremely safe and secure for residents. This will be in favour of the
businesses, especially restaurants, retail and other recreational activities.
Figure 46: Proposed pedestrian movement in the core city
3. Proposed Public Bicycle Share (PBS) system for Panaji

The proposed Public Bicycle Share (PBS) system for the city of Panaji inlcudes the area under the
jurisdiction of Corporation of the City of Panaji. The target user group of the system will be the
residents of the city whose travel distances are less than 5 kms and tourists in the city. While the
residents will become regular users of the system, using the bike share for either end to end

connectivity or for last mile connectivity, the tourists will become casual users of the system and be
able to use the system to visit the various points of tourist attraction in the city, through multiple short
trips in a day. The system proposed will have to be planned keeping this target audience in mind.
PBS Planning Considerations
 Size of the system - It is recommended that the Panaji PBS system provide 1 bicycle every
100 people in the city, for a total of 1040 cycles in the system. It is also recommended that the
city provides 1.5 docks/ cycle, resulting in 1545 docks system wide.
 Station Density - It is recommended that the Panaji PBS system should plan the stations
such that the average distance between stations is 250m. The density could be higher in the
major commercial centres of the city
 Coverage area - The first phase should be launched in the densest regions of the city where
there is high traffic . The subsequent 2 and 3 phases can be launched in other dense regions
in the city which could benefit from a PBS but would not be able to sustain the programme all
by itself.
 Location of Stations - The station density is higher in the Central Business District (Central
Panaji), Panaji Market and St. Inez area than the rest of the city. On an average there is at
least one station every 250m in the city. 66 Stations have been identified for Panaji. These
stations are spread across the 8.12sqkm area of the city.
 Placement of Stations - It is recommended that Panaji installs all its stations in existing on-
street car parking spaces, considering that on-street parking space is available in plenty at all
locations identified for PBS stations. Care should be taken to replace car parking and not two-
wheeler parking as far as possible so that fewer vehicles are displaced. At a few stations like
the one proposed outside Kala academy, it is proposed that the station be placed on the
footpath, as it is wide enough to accommodate a PBS station, without interrupting pedestrian
flow.
The components proposed as per the DPR for Public bike share system proposed for the city has
been taken into consideration in the Revised CDP for Panaji under the Traffic and Transportation
sector investments.

Major Project components of Proposed PBS for Panaji

1. Public Bicycle Sharing system - It is recommended that Panaji adopt a fully automated
PBS System. This will ensure that the system is efficient, reliable, has a better public image
and does not experience high rates of theft and vandalism. It is, however, recommended
that the city hire station attendants to man every station in the city for the first six months of
operations.
2. Bicycles - It is recommended that the Panaji PBS system make use of custom built
bicycles which follow the following design principles:
 Easy to use, Adaptable to different users, Sturdy and Durable, At least 3 gears, Personal
Storage space/ basket, Mechanical reliability, Unique Design for Branding & Prevention of
theft, Design to ensure safety of user, Attractive and Space for Advertisement
3. Bicycle Stations - It is recommended that the Panaji PBS system make use of Modular
Stations in the city. This will help the city at a later stage, when the location and size of the
stations may have to be changed because of a change in travel demand in the city.
4. Docking Unit/ Cycle parking Area - It is recommended that the Panaji PBS system use
Individual Docking units at all stations except for the large stations where Cycle Parking
areas are recommended. It is also recommended that Panaji opt for a model where the
docks themselves are designed to lock and unlock each cycle, rather than the terminal
handling this function.

5. Terminal/ kiosk with Advertisement space - A bicycle station will also have a terminal or
kiosk along with the docking units/ parking areas. A station should also dedicate space for
advertisement.
6. Bicycle Redistribution System - Given the large number of stations in a city-wide PBS
system, there is always a possibility of asymmetry of demand across stations. To ensure
that the cycles are consistently available across all stations in the PBS system throughout
the day, a robust system for the redistribution of cycles from stations where they are over-
crowded to other stations where there is a shortage of cycles. This is usually accomplished
through the use of custom-built redistribution vehicles.
7. Data Management System - IT-enabled data management is the back bone of any PBS
system. It provides for real time monitoring and transmission of system usage data making
the management and operation of the system smooth. It consists of the central control
room, the smart card infrastructure and the software for data transmission and
management.
8. Payment Mechanism - It is recommended that the operator and CCP in Panaji ensure that
the payment system can handle not just card transactions but also cash transactions. It is
recommended the city formed a network of existing retail outlets which can handle the cash
transactions that the terminals at the stations cannot handle.
9. Maintenance Centre - it is necessary to have a maintenance centre where trained staff

repairs the cycle. These maintenance centres would also hold the extra cycles of the
system, which will replace the damaged cycles when they are being repaired.

9.4 Street Lighting

The State of Goa does not have its own power
generation. It is entirely dependent on the power
allocated from the central sector controlled
generating stations in the western and southern
regions wheeled through neighboring state grids.
The power is purchased from the Power Grid
Corporation and the state electricity department is in
charge of distribution and collection of electricity
charges. There are 3 Substation catering to the city
at Altinho, Patto and Donapaula. There are 21
feeders through which the supply is discharged to the city.
The state electricity department is responsible for the installation, replacement, repairs, operation and
maintenance in the city. There are about 3,426 street lights in the city. About 64%of the fixtures are
sodium vapour lamps, 17% are tube lights and 15% are metal halide lamps. Apart from this 3%are
halogen lamps, 1% is mercury vapour lamps and 0.2% is high mast lamps. The Table below shows
the break up of type of street lighting system within the city.
Table 68: Details of Street Lights
Description Nos.
High Mast Lamps 7
Halogen lamps /CFL 101
Mercury Vapour lamps / T5 24Wx4 24
Sodium Vapour Lamps (150W / 250 W) 2,201
Tube lights 581
Metal Halide (70 W) 512
Total 3,426
Spacing between streetlights (Norm, < 35 meters) 35 m
Street lighting coverage (75-80%) 100%
Source: Panaji CCP
9.4.1 Service Adequacy and Issues

 The present street lighting facilities in the
Panaji CCP area is adequate with 100%
coverage and well maintained.
 However, the present street lighting system
needs to be upgraded and latest
technology of LED lighting system needs to
be adopted for the city.
 Apart from this, there is need of
underground cabling of the electrical wires
which will support higher durability, minimal maintainence as well as make the city free of
unwanted network of cables visible along the roads.

9.5 Traffic and Transportation Sector post- 1st Generation CDP–

Status Review
Pre and Post 1st Generation CDP Scenario for Traffic and Transportation
Total road length 77 kms
Surfaced roads 100%
Road carriageway 3 to14 m
Vehicle population 78.7% 2wheelers, 25.7% 4wheelers, 4.7% goods vehicles
&1.89% buses & others
Major traffic junctions 26 nos.
Traffic Flow 90.8% of traffic enters from old Patto bridge and 9.2% from new
Patto bridge
Source: CDP 2006
 Insufficient parking space, in areas of high intensity landuse overcrowding of roads.
 Bad road geometry/ alignment / badsignage / absence of regulation
 Lack of pedestrian walkways
 Mix traffic on roadcreate problems during peak hours
 Clash between the pedestrian and vehicular traffic
 Existing system of one way is very confusing for new comers/ tourists
 Lack of parking spaces for boats, and cruises etc.
 Identification of designated
 Parking areas to stop on street
 Parking to ensure smooth traffic flow
 Promoting safe pedestrian movement
 Develop traffic management system
 Options for involving private sector players
 Realignment of traffic geometry is required
 Developing parking space for boats and cruses
 Developing water transport system
 Efficient Public Transport system linking Panaji to other towns
 Connecting neighbouring settlements through waterways
cost estimate of Rs. 36.15 crores was proposed for the projects for improvement of Traffic and
Transportation system in the city.
S. Projects proposed under Project components and estimate investment in Rs

No CDP 2006 lakhs
Developing Parking Lots in (on i. Core city (12000 sq. m.);Estimated cost: 120 lakhs
1
basis of PPP) ii. Developing parking lots at entry and exit points of city

S. Projects proposed under Project components and estimate investment in Rs

No CDP 2006 lakhs
(40000 sq. m.); Estimated cost: 400 lakhs
iii. Parking space for boats and cruises (1 no); Estimated
cost: 70 lakhs
iv. Realignment of traffic on entry and exit points;
Estimated cost: 10 lakhs
v. Two bridges on Paulo creek (2 nos.); Estimated cost:
2000 lakhs
vi. Developing water ways system between Panaji and
Donapola (5 kms); Estimated cost: 500 lakhs
vii. Identification of hierarchy of roads; Estimated cost: 5
lakhs
viii. Comprehensive plan for one way traffic; Estimated
cost: 10 lakhs
ix. Road signage and road marking; Estimated cost: 150
lakhs
2 Traffic management system
x. 10 mini buses for subsidized public transport system
for inter-city traffic (10 nos.);Estimated cost: 120 lakhs
xi. Pedestrian walkways in core city (2 km);Estimated
cost: 25 lakhs
xii. Developing footpath/ cycle track along St. Inez nala (5
km); Estimated cost: 85 lakhs
3 Junction Improvement (15 nos.) Estimated cost: 120 lakhs
Source: CDP 2006
Status of Projects
The Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Panaji city with estimated cost of Rs. 742.91Crores and
submitted to MoUD on 8/8/2013 for approval.
Current Status
The DPR is awaiting approval from MoUD hence yet not taken up for further implementation.
9.5.1 Street Lighting Sector post- 1st Generation CDP– Status Review
The state Electricity department is in
Street lighting is presently under state department. No
charge of distribution and collection of
role of CCP
electricity charges
The CCP area is well lit up with street
100%
lights
Source: CDP 2006
 Open electricity cable

 Low Capacity Street light at major roads

 Under grounding of Electricity Cables

 Up gradation of Low capacity street light
cost estimate of Rs. 18.40 crores was proposed for the projects proposed for improvement of street
lighting system in the city.
S. No Projects proposed under CDP 2006 Project components and estimate

investment in Rs lakhs
1 Underground ducting for the distribution system 77 km
2 Replace the existing fluorescent lamp to higher 5000 nos.
order one
Source: CDP 2006
Status of Projects
The project proposed in the CDP has not been yet taken up for consideration. No further Detail
project report prepared for the commencement of the proposals by the State Electricity Board.
Current Status
In absence of project initiation as per the proposed CDP there is no project proposal implemented or
under implementation

10. HOUSING AND URBAN POVERTY
10.1 Overall Housing Scenario in the City

Housing is one of the important infrastructures within the city. The total number of households in
Panaji city region is 17,807 out of which 10,158 households are located within CCP area as per 2011
Census. The average household size of the city is 4.0.The city is characterized by medium rise and
high density housing in the core city and low rise moderately dense housing in the peripheral areas.
The last decade has witnessed development of multi rise residential and commercial structures. Also,
organised layouts are developing towards the outgrowth areas of the city.
10.1.1 Present Availability of Housing Stock

29
As per Census 2011, the district has 1.07 lakh census houses in urban areas. The residential
houses accounts for 98% of total houses in the city followed by residential cum other use houses
accounting to mere 2%.
In order to find the growth in the number of houses in the North Goa district, the 2011 data has been
compared with the Census 2001. As per this analysis, the number of houses has increased from 0.70
lakhs in 2001 to 1.07 lakhs in 2011with a growth rate of 34%.
10.1.2 Quality of Housing Stock

Presently there are a total number of 1.07 lakh houses in the North Goa district as per 2001 Census
which includes houses in good, livable and dilapidated categories depending upon the condition of the
houses. Out of the total housing stock, 79% of the houses are in good condition while 20% of the
houses are in livable condition. Only 1% of the houses are in dilapidated condition.
The houses in the city are made with laterite walls and concrete roofing. Most of the roofs are made
with sloppy roof and Mangalore tiles covered over it to preserve its traditional look. The houses built
are spacious having a large size of living and dining room. The blending of Indo-Portuguese culture
has given unique architectural style to the old Goan houses which can be seen in the city and
30
adjoining areas and urban centres .
29
, the housing scenario has been presented for the North Goa district as data for the city is not available in 2001
and 2011 census.
30
Goa Housing and Habitat Policy, 2003

Figure 47: Housing stock Condition
1%
20% Good
Livable
Dilapilated
79%
Source: Housing Census 2001
Comparing the 2001 and 2011 housing stock it is seen that there is increase of 43.2% houses under
good quality housing and 18.9% increase under houses with livable conditions. There is a
considerable decline in dilapidated houses showing a negative growth rate. Thus, it can be concluded
that overall housing stock in the district and the city is of good quality. The Table below depicts the
housing stock details for the district for 2001 and 2011.
Table 69: Quality of housing in the city
Housing 2001 census 2011 census Share (%) Net increase in Growth rate
type decade
Good 48,527 85,362 79 36,835 43.2

Liveable 17,099 21,092 20 3,993 18.9
Dilapidated 3,365 1,219 1 -2,146 -176.0
Total 68,991 1,07,673 100 38,682
Source: Housing Census 2001 and 2011
10.1.3 Housing Requirement as per the Future Projected Population

In order to estimate the housing stock requirement for the next three decades, we have adopted the
following assumptions. The assumptions are as follows
 Population projections as finalized in demography section above
 Household size is considered as 4 over the next three decades
 Residential and mix use would increase by 2% over the next three decades and 10%
reduction in the dilapidated houses in the city.
Based on the above assumptions, the city will havea demand for only 0.38 lakhs houses by end of
2041. It indicates that the present housing stock in the city is adequate to cater the needs of the future
population. Similarly the residential and mix use houses have been also estimated to only 0.34 lakhs
houses by 2041. The percentage of dilapidated houses shows a declining trend with 0.82% of houses
under this category by 2041. The total housing stock gap for the projected year of 2041 is very
minimal for the city. Following table provide the assumptions and housing requirement in the city for
the next three decades.

Table 70: Projected housing stock in the city
Year 2001 2011 2021 2031 2041

Population/Projected (in lakhs) 59066 70991 88892 115684 151367
Household size 4.3 4 4 4 4
Total houses (In lakhs) 1.28 0.18 0.22 0.29 0.38
Residential and mix use % 81.90% 83.90% 85.90% 87.90% 89.90%
Residential Housing stock (In
lakhs) 1.05 0.15 0.19 0.25 0.34
Residential Housing (In lakhs) -
- - - - -
Gap
Dilapidated Houses (%) 4.77% 1.13% 1.02% 0.92% 0.82%
Residential Housing -Dilapidated
168 194 233 280
(nos.)
Residential Housing -Total (nos) -
168 194 233 280
Gap
Source: Analysis
10.1.4 Housing Scenario across the City

Panaji is a small city located along the River Mandovi. The city has been evolving over the years
under the thrust of various development aspects which is defining the urban spaces within the city. As
discussed earlier, the city has 50.91% of area under residential land use. 15.45% of the area is under
commercial land use which depicts it as a major commercial centre.
The core city is predominantly commercial while the Southern parts of the city is predominantly
residential including areas like Altinho, Campal, Dona Paula, Miramar, St. Inez, Caranzelem having
low to medium rise structures. The city falls under the coastal regulations hence there is restriction on
high rise buildings. The city limits are already saturated with very high land prices (discussed in
Chapter 4). As there is no land available for future expansion in the city, the adjoining areas of Dona
Paula, Porvorim, Taleigaon, Ribandar and the outgrowth areas are under pressure due to the
upcoming housing projects coming up in the future. These areas are located adjacent to the city limits
and have access to good infrastructure facilities. Most of the housing projects developed by the
private sector are targeted for medium income group (MIG) and high income group (HIG) housing
considering the demand and high prices of land in the city. There is presently no initiative towards
housing for the economical weaker section (EWS) and the low income group (LIG) residing in the city.
10.1.5 Overview of Housing Sector in the city

Investment in Goa’s real estate by pensioners and wealthy individuals from neighboring metros have
hiked the prices of homes by almost 100%in the last five years, according to industry experts. Real
estate industry players confirm that the prices of flats, apartments and bungalows in the tourist belt
and urban areas of Goa including Panaji have elevated in the last five years. Land prices are also
being revalued every six months, inevitably escalating the cost further. For instance, the prices in
localities like Dona Paula, near Panaji, which is overlooking the Arabian Sea have gone out of bound
for middle or upper middle class families. The prices of the properties have boomed to double in the

2 2
last five years with approximately 35000 per ft to 70000 ft . With no space left in the cities to convert,
the builders now prefer the sub-urban locations, which are the next growth centres.
The Goa Housing Board is the only organization who takes care mostly to the needs of the EWS and
middle income categories, whereas in private sector lot of construction is being done by private
developers, individuals, private limited companies and cooperative housing societies. The
construction activities are regulated by the Goa Municipalities Act for urban areas, Panchayati Act for
rural areas and Town Planning Regulations.
The Goa Housing Board was set up by the Government to meet the housing need of the state under
the Goa, Daman and Diu Housing Board Act 1968, functioning from 1969. The board has
concentrated on the construction of LIG and MIG tenements in the new colonies set up in Porvorim,
Margao, Ponda, Bicholim and Mapusa. However, due to increased cost of land over the years the
Board has opted for construction of mass houses and plotted development schemes. The Housing
Board has not implemented any projects within the city limits.
10.2 Urban Poverty and Slums

The slums of the urban areas are characterized by its multiple problems which includes social,
economic and health problems. This chapter highlights the existing infrastructure facilities available in
the slums and the services needed to make the habitat livable.The up gradation of slums should
include:
 Upgrading the physical environment in poor settlements by providing basic services such as
water, sanitation, waste collection, storm drainage, access roads and street lighting
 Regularizing security of land tenure and housing and
 Instituting a social support program focused on promoting sustainable livelihoods through the
accumulation of natural, physical human, social, financial as well as institutional and
knowledge/ information asset.
10.2.1 Number of Urban Poor pockets in Panaji

Panaji presently does not have major slum settlements
within its jurisdiction. However, there is existence of urban
poor pockets in few areas of the city which needs to be
addressed in order to avoid its growth in future. These urban
poor pockets are located in environmentally sensitive areas
like unbuildable slopes of Altinho, edges of St. Inez Nallah
and low lying areas of the city along the water bodies.
As per the survey conducted by CCP in the year 2003 there
were 90 families identified as as below poverty level (BPL)
families. The CDP prepared for Panaji under JnNURM have estimated 150 families in the BPL
categories in 2007 as per the projection from 2003. According to the present estimate there are
around 170 to 200 families in the BPL category. The Fig below shows the location of urban poor
pockets within the city.

Figure 48: Location of slum like pockets within the Panaji
Source: DPR for Basic Services to Urban Poor for the City of Panaji under JNNURM
Table 71: Location of Slum like pockets in Panaji
S. No. Settlement Area in Panaji Areas included
1 A, B, C Fishing villages – Aivado, Caranzalem, Marivel
2 D1, D2, D3 Located along the water bodies
3 E, F Located on the boundary of CCP
4 G, H, I Located along the Altinho hill slopes
5 J, K, L Located along the Altinho hill slopes
6 M Located in the city center
7 N, O Located along Water bodies
10.2.2 Available Infrastructure for Urban poor Communities

The profile of the various urban poor pockets in the city has been listed below. The inferences has
been derived are as per the study conducted by CCP for preparation of DPR for Urban poor for
Panaji.

Table 72: Profile of the Urban Poor areas in the city
S. Area Tenure Infrastructure facilities

No.
1 Along St. Inez nallah Government Water supply - 39 individual metered water supply
land connections and 66 temporary bathing facilities. No
handpumps or wells in the site surveyed.
Total number of
households -140 Electricity and street lights - 66 individual
metered electricity connections and only 4 street
lights.
Total Population – 674
Sanitation and drainage facilities - 39 individual
temporary toilets, one community toilet with 4 seats.
Average monthly Lack of sewage lines resulting in direct disposal into
income per H/h - Rs. the nallah. No storm water drains causing water
4,710 logging in monsoons.
Solid waste is collected from 50 houses and the
rest dispose waste directly into the nallah.
Roads – Existence of only kuchha roads
Social amenities – PHC – 3 kms, Bus stop – 1 km,
Government Primary school – 1 km, Private primary
school - > 1km, secondary school – 2to 5 kms,
recreational facilities – Campal playground
2 Kamarabhat slum Water supply - Public stand posts, community well
and 86 temporary bathing facilities
Roads – Pucca roads with one side drains. It is
prone to flooding during the rainy season.
Electricity – Street light facility with few houses
having connections
Sanitation facilities – Devoid of public toilets and
individual toilets causing open defecation in low
lying areas.
Solid Waste management – No solid waste
collection causing dumping in low lying areas
Social amenities - PHC – 1 km, Bus stop – 1 km,
government primary school, secondary school – 2
to 5 kms,3 temples, one church but no recreational
facilities.
3 Fishing villages Private land Lack of adequate basic facilities in these areas
including which includes sanitation, solid waste management,
Aivao fishing water supply and drainage facility.
community at Aivao-
Dona Paula, Cabo
fort- Marivel village
fishing community at
Marivel village and
Ramponkar
Fishing Community,
CaranzalemPopulation
-1350
No of houses - 650
4 On the Boundary of Private and Lack of most of the basic facilities like sanitation,
CCP Government solid waste collection, water supply system, storm
Ward No 5 - Land water drains, roads and street lights.

S. Area Tenure Infrastructure facilities

No.
Population – 200, 30
houses
Ward No 17 –
Population – 300, 35
houses
5 Along Altinho slope Government Lack of sanitation facilities, solid waste collection
Population – 300 land and inadequate water supply
No of houses - 55
6 Along Altinho slopes Private land Lack of sanitation facilities, solid waste collection,
/ Old Dhobi drainage facilities and tenants do not pay taxes.
settlement
Population – 405
No of houses - 67
7 In the City centre Private land Lack of all basic amenities in the area
Population – 15
No of houses - 3
8 Along the water Private land Old settlement and prone to flooding
bodies
Population – 180
No of houses - 30
10.2.3 Government Initiatives in Urban Poor Improvement

No slum improvement programmes have been undertaken within the city corporation limits of Panaji.
In 1991-1992 as part of millennium development goals 150 slum dwellers (related to provision of
housing for a economically weaker section) were targeted for improvement at the Goa statelevel and
it has been fully achieved by the State. Urban Infrastructure governance scheme of Ministry of the
Urban Development (MoUD) has not been undertaken in Panaji.
Table 73: List of Urban Poor/Slum Improvement Schemes
Component Development Competed work Physical

envisaged progress
CC Roads with Granular Shoulder
(Square meter)
Drain network (Meters)
Water Supply (Distribution network
in meter)
Multi-utility Community Buildings
CC Culverts (Meters)

10.2.4 Urban Poor Sector post1st Generation CDP - Status Review

st
1 Generation CDP Report
Total number of BPL families 150 nos.
Urban Poor Locations Three identified urban poor pockets - Ward No. 14,
St. Ines Bandh in Ward No. 12, Aivao Caranzalem
in Ward No. 1
Urban Poor Composition It mainly comprises of number of pavementdwellers as
well who mainly work as construction workers.
Land encroached Encroachment on PHD water works and Forestland.
Major Issues Lack of basic infrastructure facilities.
 90 BPL as per survey conducted by CCP- in year 2003

 Poor infrastructure facilities and Lack of adequate health infrastructure
 Limited knowledge regarding government schemes etc
 Increasing migrant labor/ construction workers/ pavement dwellers
 Upgrade existing areas/ marginalized sections of the society

 Provision of Basic Services to Urban Poor.
 Providing opportunities for Income Generation and Improvement in Housing condition
 Reduce the Urban Poor population within the Panaji area
 Stringent land control on public lands
 Locate and develop a vocational skill training institute so that regional population can be
benefited
cost estimate of Rs. 10.00 crores was proposed for the projects proposed for urban poverty alleviation
in the city.
Proposed Projects
The Detail Project Report for Urban Poor for the city of Panaji was prepared by CCP under JnNURM-
1 to address this growing urban issue in the city. The report has detailed out the present state of the
urban poor, issues pertaining to the urban poor areas, assessed the future infrastructure as well as
socio -cultural improvement of the urban poor section and identified various projects for the
improvement of the infrastructure facilities in the urban poor areas of the city. The DPR estimated a
total cost of Rs 10.20crores and was approved by SLSC in 2010. The central fund of 1.15 crores was
released for this project under JnNURM -1. However, the project has been cancelled and not taken up
31
for further implementation .
31
BSUP -State wise Report for latest Progress at Project & City Level, December 2014

10.3 Service Adequacies and Key issues

 There is no authentic database on slum population and also data base on urban poor is not
adequate enough to get a comprehensive understanding of the current situation of the slums.
Most of the population is migrant labor that have minimal or no proof of their identity. None of
the slums or slum like settlements in Panaji is notified and hence in the absence ofregistration
with the authorities, the slums are devoid of health, education and basic services.
 In the absence of affordable housing the landless especially laborers occupy and inhabit land
owned by the government and lands reserved for public amenities such as maidans,
stretches along roads, parks, water bodies, etc. The city in turn loses land meant for public
provisions. Unoccupied private lands are also occupied by the poor (either by encroachment
or on rental basis) and affect the city infrastructure indirectly.
 Easements of natural drains, steep unbuildable slopes and other environmentally sensitive
areas, unsuitable for construction (and inhabitation) such as low lying areas, flood plains,
creeks, areas with vegetation etc are often inhabited by the economically weaker section.
 In case of Panaji, St.Inez slum like area has come up along the St. Inez Nallah, Altinho slum
is settled on the slopes of Altinhohill, slums N & O along Mala Lake and Kamarabhat slum
partly on low lying areas. Regular disposal of solid waste in the drains leads to clogging and
hence flooding during monsoons. Also due to erosion of top soil on the slopes and
subsequent reduction in water retention capacity, areas on the foothills also get flooded
during monsoons. The settlements located along the edge of the green areas have grown to
cover some of the space. Some of thesettlements (such as the one behind Boca da Vaca) are
more than 30 years old.
 Due to lack of basic infrastructure like potable drinking water, toilets, solid waste management
andhealth services, there are high risks of epidemics spreading in the city due to unsanitary
conditions prevailing in the slums.
 Due to negligence of the development agencies towards the needs of the urban poor section
in the city many slums resort to unauthorised access to infrastructure like water supply and
electricity. This unaccounted usage in turn increases the shortfalls in the supplies of
registered users in the city.
 Many slums are also affected with social ills that may increase concerns regarding law and
order situation. Social-cultural conflicts can also be seen involving migrants from other states
and the local population. However, these slums like areas provide necessary human resource
to the city in the form of labourers, domestic help, auto/taxi drivers, workers in the informal
sector, etc. contributing to the local economy. In the absence of this resource, the city may
even come to a standstill. Hence, all planning interventions should take into account the
contributions of the slums to the city and vice-versa.
 The problems with urban poor are manifold in a context of Panaji. There are issues regarding
tenure of land, provision of infrastructure, education and awareness, health and sanitation,
social problems of caste and religion. In this context providing services including stay and
infrastructure is a complex process. The primary requirements in upgradation and
resettlement schemes in urban poor areas are to list the beneficiaries which are in need of
assistance.
Note: The data/ information pertaining to spatial Distribution of Slums (Ward-Wise Distribution), average slum
size and housing stock (slums) is not relevant in case of Panaji due to non existence of authorized or
unauthorized slums within the city. Hence, these are not included in the chapter.

11. BASELINE ENVIRONMENT: URBAN

ENVIRONMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT
11.1 Pollution Level in the City

Strategic urban environmental planning is an important tool to address urban environmental issues in
a systematic and planned manner. Cities in developing countries face myriad urban environmental
problems. Urban environmental problems are generally very complex in nature due to their multi-
sectoral nature. Air pollution owes as much to use of unclean fuels (in houses and industries) as to
vehicular pollution, only exacerbated by traffic congestion. Poor sanitation is a result not only of poor
drainage systems but also of dumping of solid waste in drains. Further, especially in larger cities,
urban environmental problems span across multiple jurisdictions, such as collection, transportation
and disposal of solid waste or water pollution in rivers traversing through several adjacent cities and
towns. There are other problems that hinder proper urban environmental management, which include
lack of adequate knowledge (data and analyzed information) on urban environmental problems, poor
institutional capacity for planning as well as managing urban environment.
The city of Panaji is a small city settled along the estuarine of River Mandovi. Its location along River
and nearness to the coast makes it a highly sensitive environmental zone. The city has been evolving
and developing due to the tourism activities which have gained importance in past two decades. This
has been putting pressure on the city infrastructure over the years. The city infrastructure was
planned considering a normal growth trend and the physiographic features of the city. However, the
high influx of tourist population and the growing economy catering to this throughout the year has
been major reason for affecting the present urban environment of the city. The urban infrastructure
like sewerage, storm water drains and solid waste management if not properly maintained can
contribute to the deterioration of the urban environment. Presently the Goa state pollution control
board (GSPCB) has been the sole agency which has been monitoring the pollution levels in the city. It
st
is an autonomous statutory organization constituted on 1 July, 1988 under the Water (Prevention &
Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. It monitors the air pollution, water pollution and effluent disposed by
the industries on regular basis.
The major infrastructure facilities which affect the city environs are solid waste management,
sanitation, availability of open spaces and recreational spaces and urban forestry. The solid waste
management is managed by the CCP Panaji and has 100% coverage. The waste is collected, treated
and processed after segregating into dry and wet waste. Presently no scientific disposal method is
practiced within CCP. This has helped to keep the city area clean up to good extent which is prone to
littering especially by the tourist population. However, the major drains are prone to discharge of solid
waste by the urban poor pockets along it and direct disposal of sewerage from the uncovered areas in
the city. There are number of well-maintained public toilets within the city as well as tourist locations
which caters to the puclic sanitation requirements of the city. The present water supply pipelines and
the sewerage pipelines are old and damaged in some sections which need to be addressed in the
priority to avoid the health hazards caused by the contamination of the drinking water as well as the
ground water.

11.1.1 Ambient Air Quality

The major factor affecting the air pollution in the city is from the motorised vehicles. However, the city
has number of green spaces and parks which help to keep the city environs safe from the effects of
pollution. The present air quality in the city is well within the range as per the Central Pollution Control
Board (CPCB) standards. Although, there is regular increase in the level of SPM over the period of
last three decades. The Table below shows the average annual ambient air quality recorded for last
three years.
Table 74:Ambient Air Quality in Panaji
CPCB/ SPCB Ambient Air Annual Average value (µg/m)

quality
Monitoring station Panaji 2010 2011 2012 CPCB Standard
SPM 119.22 141.24 203.33 -
SO2 3.8 3.81 10 50 µg/m³
NO2 15.78 16.84 15.25 40 µg/m³
Source: GSPCB, Panaji
11.1.2 Noise Pollution

Noise pollution is the disturbing or excessive noise that may harm the activity or balance of human or
animal life. The source of most outdoor noise worldwide is mainly caused by machines and
transportation systems, motor vehicles, aircraft, trains etc. Indoor noise is caused by machines,
building activities, music performances, and especially in some workplaces.
The city of Panaji is major commercial administrative and tourist centre which causes high
concentration of people at a time at a given location. The old city of Panaji is always congested with
high vehicular traffic and congestion
contributing to the high noise levels throughout
the day. Apart from this the tourist locations
within the city, bus stands and major traffic
junctions are other places where the levels of
noise are quite higher than the audible
standards. Presently there are no regulations
for control of various tourist activities which
causes noise levels beyond the standards.
There are no major industries in the city hence
any noise pollution caused by industrial
activities.
11.1.3 Water Pollution

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and
groundwater). Water pollution occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into water
bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds. Water pollution not only affects the
drinking water and groundwater sources but also affects plants and organisms living in these
waterbodies. In almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species and populations,
but also to the natural biological communities.

The present water supply and sewage system pipelines in the city are old and damaged which are
prone to breakage leading to contamination of the drinking water supplied. Apart from this, substantial
proportion of the households in the Panaji Corporation are still practicing/ opting for on-site sanitation
system with septic tank / soak pit as final disposal. The city has a high ground water table and the soil
condition does not support percolation of surface water which causesground water retention. The
ground water getscontaminated by the sullage discharged into soak pits/ septic tanks.This further is
further flows into nearby water bodies. The GSPCB has three monitoring stations in the city to record
the water quality on regular basis. The water quality data for last two years depicts that the various
parameters for measuring the water pollution. The levels of pH and dissolved oxygen are more as per
the CPCB standards. The level of biological oxygen demand (BOD) are also well within the limits.
There is no monitoring system or mechanism to monitor the water quality of city level water bodies
viz. Mala Lake, Campal lake, St. Inez creek nad Qurem creek on regular intervals which are prone to
maximum pollution in the city. The Table below shows the water pollution levels measured at various
locations along the River Mandovi for last two years within CCP Panaji.
Table 75: Water Pollution levels in Mandovi River
S. Parameters Limit for SW II river River River River River

No as per CPCB Mandovi Mandovi Mandovi Mandovi
classification at IFFI near Hotel at Panaji at Panaji
based on designate Jetty 2013 Mariott 2013 2012
best use of rivers 2013
1 pH 6.5 – 8.5 7.75 7.39 7.56 6.31
2 Dissolved 4 mg/l or more 7.3 6.56 6.26 5.83
Oxygen (mg/l)
3 BOD mg/l 3 mg/l or less 1.5 1.5 1.12 1.49

4 Total Coliform 12810 16330 7154 168.5
MPN/100 ml
Source: GSPCB, Panaji
11.2 Water Bodies

The city of Panaji is highly ecologically sensitive zone. It lies in the estuarine zone where the River
Mandovi merges with the Arabian Sea.The area beholds highly eco sensitive features like mangroves,
marshy lands, aquatic life, river front, lakes as well as sea front.

11.2.1 Water Bodies in Panaji

The city of Panaji is an eco-sensitive area falling
River Mandovi
in Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) I, II and III.
The major water bodies located in and around
the city are the River Mandovi and the River Rio de
Zuari flowing from Northern side towards the Querem creek
Arabian Sea in the South. The city has two
natural water bodies viz. Mala lake which is
catchment area for water from higher levels of
the city located in the north eastern part while La Mala Lake
Campala Lake in the towards the western part of
St. Inez Water
the city. Apart from that other prominent water
Channel
bodies which passes through the Northern part
of the city is the St. Inez creek and Querem
creek formed by the sea. These act as natural
drains carrying the storm waterfrom higher land of the city to the sea. Existing condition of water
bodies
The River Mandovi and the Zuari rivers face problem of silting. The River Mandovi especially needs
immediate attention since all the storm water drains are discharging storm water into the Mandovi
River at present apart from the siltation of the River at the mouth of the Arabian sea,
It has been observed that the natural drainof Saint-Inez nallah which was carrying major part of storm
water from the city to River Mandovi at present is affected due to silting and environmental
degradation due to pollution. The major reason of this, since the drain is passing amidst the city area
it is subjected to indiscriminate dumping of solid wastes, discharge untreated sewage well as
encroachments in some of the places. As a result, the carrying capacity of the Nallah has been
reduced greatly apart from affecting the velocity of the flows. At present this natural drain is
completely silted, highly polluted and stagnant.
The city of Panaji city had abundant lakes / marshy lands acting as a buffer against the storm water
floods in past years. However, these natural barriers are shrinking in number and area over the years
due to rapid urbanisation and increasing demand for developable land. For instance the original
capacity of Mala Lake has been reduced from original area of 70,000 sq.m.to 15,000 sq.m. As a
result, with reduction in balancing capacity to retain water from the surplus flows of Altinho is causing
floods in the Mala Lake area.
St Inez Nallah Mala Lake

Mandovi River Front Sea Front along the city

The Table below lists the water bodies in and around the city and its present condition.
Table 76: Water bodies in the city and its condition
S. No. Name Location Condition Remarks

1 Mala Lake Ward 19 and 20 Poor Receiving solid waste from
clogged drains during
backflow in monsoons.
2 Campal Lake Ward 10 Poor Receiving solid wastes from
clogged St. Inez Creek.
3 Qurem Creek Ward 27 and 28 Visibly clean Apart from incidental black
spots along the banks, the
water body appears to be
clean.
4 St. Inez. Creek Ward 5, 7, 8, 10 Severely Receiving solid wastes from
and 13 degraded direct dumping clogged
drains and sewage from
hutments on the banks
5 River Mandovi North and North Good Apart from incidental black
West Boundary spots along the banks, the
water body appears to be
clean
6 Zuari Estuary South Good -
Source: City Sanitation Plan for Panaji (Situation Analysis)
Presently CCP is not involved in the maintenance of the water bodies in the city. The Water resource
department is in charge of natural drains and major drains in the city. There is an urgent need to
address the issues pertaining to the degradation of the city’s water bodies especially the St. Inez drain
and the Mala lake.. The CCP has prepared a Draft DPR for St. Inez Nallah which details of the issues
and measures for improvement of this natural drain with an estimated cost of Rs. 19.56 crores. It had
been approved by the state committee. However, the same is being revised by GSIDC and not yet
taken up for implementation.

11.3 Gardens, Open Spaces and Urban Forests

2
As per the existing land use, the city has about 0.80 km under the green cover and accounts for
14.55% of total city area which is at present inadequate as per URDPFI guidelines. There are 17
parks in the city limits maintained by CCP and forest department. The city has no forest area within its
limits.
2
Out of the total city area of 8.30 km around 33% of the Panaji city constitutes of the area under
natural features. The natural features mainly includes marshy lands and mangroves along the water
front which act as barrier from the flooding caused during the monsoons. But with the increasing
urbanisation in the city and non-availability of land for expansion of the city, reclamation of the marshy
lands has been practiced hindering the natural setting of the place. This trend has already started
affecting the city’s environs blocking the natural drainage pattern. The city administration, state
environmental department and the citizens are aware of the importance of these natural features and
efforts are being made to restrict the same.
11.4 Identification of Environmentally Sensitive Areas

The city of Panaji as discussed earlier falls under CRZ zone and has environmental importance with
rich fauna and flora. As per the study “Urban Vulnerability Assessment Report prepared by ICLEI the
city level environmentally sensitive areas include the following features located in and around the city.
1. The Coast line and beach areas towards the West of the city.
2. The Khazan Lands are the plains running parallel to the coastline. These plains are flooded
annually by brackish water from the Rivers and Creeks and hence, are fertile but saline. Most
of these Khazan lands are used for cultivation of salt resistant species.
3. Riverine Systems: Mandovi River flows along the North of the city and meets the Arabian
Sea, Zuari River flows towards the South of the City.
4. Creeks and Backwaters: These are brackish water areas and very rich ecosystems which
exist along the Mandovi and Zuari Rivers and along St. Inez and Querem Creek.
5. Mangroves: These are ecologically rich ecosystems located along the river banks (Mandovi
and Zuari Rivers) and along the Creeks (St. Inez and Querem Creek).
6. Sand dunes: The sand dunes along Miramar beach are on a decline and so is the sand dune
vegetation.
7. Springs located in the Fountain area are believed to be fresh water sources which used to
supply water to the entire city at one time.
8. Altinho hill and Western Ghats are other ecologically sensitive areas in and around the city.
The vulnerabilities of above identified environmentally sensitive areas in the city and its
impact of climate change has been discussed further in the Chapter 11.
11.5 Bio Diversity of Panaji City

The city of Panaji under the Goa State Bio-Diversity Board has prepared a study on bio-diversity in
CCP area. The study report is a baseline towards conservation initiatives by the state among cities,
local and governance, and biodiversity. It examines the range of flora and fauna species associated
with urban habitats within the jurisdictional confines of city of Panaji covering various terrestrial,
aquatic and amphibious habitats, attempt understanding relationships between cities and biodiversity
by looking at the major influences cities can have on biodiversity loss or on conservation within and
outside the city boundaries, as well as the benefits of biodiversity conservation for cities, such as the

provision of ecosystem services. Based on the preliminary findings; it may transcend the scope to
understand the main instruments and governance mechanisms that exist, allowing cities to effectively
implement the directives of conservation of biodiversity.
11.5.1 Key Findings of the Bio-Diversity Report

 The total number of biodiversity species recorded during the period of study was 404: 46% of
which comprised of Flora and 54% comprised of fauna. Among the flora the trees were
predominant, while the birds and butterflies were the dominant vertebrate and invertebrate
faunal elements.
 Out of the total species existing in Panaji, 14 species of fauna and 27 species of flora are
accorded ‘protected status’ as per the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 and other laws.
 The dominance ranking of 3rd place for Icthyo faunal diversity (fishes) is explained by the fact
that, the city has numerous aquatic habitats including lentic and lotic fresh waters, back
waters and marine waters. Much needs to be done to address gaps in the understanding of
the fish diversity especially in the fresh waters as fresh water fish stocks are main source
relied upon during monsoons.
 Herpeto-faunal diversity is moderate as these groups are affected by changes in microhabitat
and microclimate, barring a few areas the city.
 Among the floral species trend of dominance is trees, followed by shrubs and herbs. Good
number of climbers have been enumerated and identified. The other groups are parasites,
ferns, algae, xerophytes etc. Trees offer habitat to range of birds, reptiles and insects. Hence,
there is a need to make the inventory more comprehensive and add other groups such as
Bryophytes etc.
11.5.2 Conservation Measures

It is well accepted norm that the highest form of protection is protecting habitat rather than individual
species. Many urban biodiversity habitats are the last reserve of species that have actually been
displaced from their natural ranges. Urban landscapes and ecosystems thus have a huge habitat
value, there is a great concern over the loss of biological diversity; saving individual species is not an
effective method. Protecting the habitat of the species provides a good conservation measure. Habitat
is all encompassing ecological entity that besides offering space and resources; allows population
interaction, exchange of energy and material exchange. Thus the focus in conservation efforts has to
be on preserving integrity of habitat.
On gross assessment the following interventions have been suggested in the existing diversity and
increase the city’s biodiversity.
1) Exotics despite the visual and aesthetic appeal in landscape planning, it occurs at the cost of
native flora. The city has a large variety of exotic species. Though the existing exotic species
may be allowed to grow, introducing and patronising new exotic species especially in
construction sector for green belts and avenue plantation should be avoided as the exotic
species affect the survival of the native plants.
2) Plantation of the native and local fruit and flower bearing species should be encouraged to
increase the insect (butterfly) and bird life. Surveillance for identifying such areas for
plantations be carried out and mapped followed up with requisite soil analysis etc. to ascertain
compatibility. Moreover, there are some areas in the city specially Altinho hill side where
plantation of native species can be undertaken.

3) The area around both the sides of St. Inez Creek can be utilised for avenue plantation
(wherever possible) to enhance its eco-tourism value and habitat value.
4) The Ribandar area (Ribandar road) has rich mangrove presence and diversity. Mangrove
plantation should be undertaken along the inter tidal fringe adjoining the road. The already
existing mangrove patches should be monitored for growth and conserved; these can be
protected by proper live/ biological fences that will help the faunal movement at the same time
restrict anthropogenic activities. Stretch of mudflat should be retained along the Ribandar
road, as it forms a integral part of feeding of ground for several waders (migratory and
resident)
5) There is a potential to develop several interpretation zones e.g. Butterfly zone, herd and
shrub zone, bird watching zone etc. Few gardens in the city can be utilised for this purpose.
6) The parade ground at Campal opposite Bal Bhawan can be enclosed by planting trees on all
four sides which can attract bird life.
7) The Miramar beach stretch is diverse in terms of coastal species diversity. However, intensive
beach tourism and easy access to this region is ruinning the area of its richness and
impacting the supralittoral stretch. The Miramar-Dona Paula bypass road along the beach
side should be fenced and the area declared Plastic free zone, disallowing visitors from
carrying plastics, soft drinks or alcoholic beverages and littering the place. Miramar beach
also consist of excellent sand dunes which need immediate attention and conservation
strategy.
8) It has been noticed that there are people who misuse the vegetated patches in isolated
locations (Miramar and Altinho) for alcohol parties, and other illicit activities disturbing the
ecosystem and its biological endowments. This should be regulated and stopped as the
resilience of thw ecosystem is at stake.
9) The construction sector is a significant pressure on natural habitats. Careful consideration be
given by the concerned Regulatory Authorities in the state such as SEAC and SEIAA and
Environmental Clearances granted only after careful scrutiny and assessment of impact of the
proposal on the local ecology and biodiversity. Such statutory regulations establish a
precedence of mitigational compliances and lessen the impact. This will not only help in
maintaining the biodiversity, but also continue to be an example of for conserving the green
cover of the city.
10) The city of Panaji has a mosaic of ecosystems with a rich diversity of biological endowments.
The need of the hour is to demystify this information and display it at strategic points in the
city. It would be ideal if information/ interpretation panels/ signage’s are setup at several
locations giving information of the flora and fauna throughout the city. This will help in creating
awareness amongst both the residents as well as visitors and promote conservation of the
flora and fauna in the city.
11.6 Goa State Coastal Zone Management Plan

In June 1996, The Ministry of Environment and Forest, GoI requested the National Institute of
Oceanography (NIO), Goa, to delineate ecosensitive areas along the coastal stretches of Goa15,16,
based on which approval of plans was issued in September 1996. This is the prevailing law which
governs developmental activities along the coasts, rivers and backwaters of Goa.The purpose of the
notification was to control and minimize environmental damage to coastal ecosystems. The Goa State

Committee for Coastal Environment (GSCCE) was empowered to enforce the provisions of the
notification. With respect to Panaji and its environs, the following categorization has been approved
under the Goa State Coastal Zone Management Plan.
a) Area along Ourem creek till confluence with Mandovi river is classified as CRZ-II.
b) Area along Mandovi river bank (from confluence with Ourem creek) westwards till thebeginning of
Children’s Park of Campalis classified as CRZ-II.
c) Area on land ward side of existing road till Rotunda of Gaspar Dias is classified asCRZ-II.
d) Area west of Sports Authority of India complex up to Rotunda of Gaspar Dias isclassified as CRZ-
II.
e) Area from Rotunda of Gaspar Dias – Gaspar Dias beach to Caranzalem beach up toCabo Raj
Niwas is classified as CRZ-III.
f) Area from Cabo Raj Niwas to Dona Paula jetty is classified as CRZ-III.
g) Area of Dona Paula cove/bay is classified as CRZ-III up to line of existing
authorizeddevelopments.
h) Area from Dona Paula cove/bay to Wainginim beach is classified as CRZ-III.
i) The plateau top to the extent is classified as CRZ-II (falling within municipal limits).
j) All areas outside municipal limits are classified as CRZ-III.
k) Wainginim beach is classified as CRZ-III.
l) From Wainginim beach to Siridao Beach and area up to Agassaim Bridge is classifiedas CRZ-III.
Refer Annexure 11 for detailed classification of CRZ zones defined as per the Coastal Regulation
Zone Notification, Ministry Of Environment and Forests
11.7 Disaster Proneness Assessment of the City
11.7.1 Earthquakes
As per the District disaster management plan, the state of Goa falls under the moderate seismic zone
in the country, viz. Zone IV in seismic zoning map of the country. Though the state has not directly
witnessed any earthquake till date, it was affected by tremors from devastating earthquakes from
neighboring state. The state and the region have experience two earthquakes till date both of
magnitude of 5 whose epicenter was in Maharashtra. The Table below lists the occurrence of
earthquakes and its effects till date.
Table 77: Earthquake data for North Goa district
Sl. Type of disaster Year Damage caused

No
1 The tremors of the devastating 1967 Residential as well as public
earthquakes with magnitude 5.0 or more structures,infrastructures were
that hitted “Koyana” Maharashtra, that damaged severely,although no
affected life of people in Goa casualties were taken place
2 the tremors of the devastating 1993 Residential as well as public structures,
earthquakes with magnitude 5.0 or more infrastructures were damaged

Sl. Type of disaster Year Damage caused

No
that “Latur” in Maharashtra, that affected severely,although no casualties were
life of people in Goa taken place
Source: District Disaster management Plan, 2012-13,North Goa
Although the vulnerability is low in the state, towns are more at risk than rural areas due to higher
density of population. Another concern is the large numbers of building both private and public have
constructed without proper earthquake resistance features. Goa being a tourist location has a number
of heritage sites (No. of listed heritage buildings is 431 as per Town and Country Planning
32
Department Notification) that need to be made earthquake resistant . The city of Panaji and its
surroundings is developing as major urban centre and has maximum number of heritage structures.
Hence, the city needs to formulate revised building bye laws and the Development Control
Regulations to mitigate the ill effects of earthquakes in future.
11.7.2 Cyclone
The occurrence of cyclones/ floods is restricted to the monsoons only. The impact of cyclonic winds is
felt towards the onset of the monsoons in April end and May and again around September/October.
The state of Goa has experienced only one major cyclone in the 2009 which affected its coastline
apart from Maharashtra and Goa. There was damage to the crops and buildings along the coast line.
The Table below gives the details of the cyclonic incidence in the state.
Table 78: Cyclone data for the state
Type of Disaster Date of occurrence Loss of Life Damage Caused

Cyclone Phyan hit November 9-12, 7 persons dead the cyclone ‘Phyan’
coast of Maharashtra 2009 and 44 missing caused damage to crops
,Goa and Gujarat. and properties in Goa
Source: District Disaster management Plan, 2012-13,North Goa
Additionally, both the areas along coastline and interior regions can be affected by gusty winds which
can cause damage to property, damage to crops, collapse of trees and in turn threatening lives of
people including fishermen, livestock, ships and barges, boats, ships, fishing trawlers at ports. If
cyclonic winds are accompanied by heavy rainfall then there is possibility of flooding in low lying
33
areas, in Goa. Panaji is also located adjacent to the coast line as well as River Mandovi. The city is
quite vulnerable to major damage in case of cyclone at any point of time. Hence, the city corporation
and residents of the city needs to be trained and made aware to take quick measures in case of such
disasters.
32
District Disaster management Plan, 2012-13, North Goa
33

Figure 49: Coastal CRZ villages in the state

11.7.3 Tsunami
As far as the North Goa District is concerned, the coastal belt was not recorded any Tsunami in the
past. However, the Tsunami of 26th December, 2006 in the Bay of Bengal had caused after effects in
the sea and rivers. No loss of lives or damages to the properties was reported, except some vessels
34
in the sea were reported to have been damaged .
11.7.4 Floods
As far as North Goa district is concerned, there are 3 major rivers viz. Terekhol, Chapora and
Mandovi, besides one minor River Baga. The River Mandovi has 10 tributaries viz. Madei,
Surla,Kotrachi, Ragda, Khandepar, Kudnem, Valvanta, Bicholim, Assonora and Sinker. Of the annual
rainfall, 75% is received during four months of monsoon (June – September) and as a result, almost
all the rivers carry heavy discharge during this period. The flood hazard is compounded by the
problems of sediment deposition, drainage congestion and synchronization of river floods with see
tides in the Coastal Plains.
The areas of Bicholim and Sattari talukas are mainly affected due to floods in River Valvonti, whereas
the other talukas of Tiswadi, Bardez, Pernem and Ponda are flooded either due to low lying areas or
due to temporary rise in water level of nearby rivulets.
This district has not experienced major floods in past few years, except in 2000 at Bicholim; 2005 at
Mala, Panaji and Bicholim and in 2007 again in Bicholim due to overflowing of rivulet,causing no
major casualties but causing heavy damages to the properties.
The city is located at same level as the River Mandovi causing flooding of the city area when the
water levels in the River increases beyond the land surface level. This has been a persistent problem
every year during the monsoons. Measures for proper drainage of the natural drains and efficient
system of storm water drains in the city will assist in mitigating the floods caused frequently.
11.7.5 Manmade disasters in state and city

Industrial fire accidents and vehicular accidents are the major manmade disasters in the state. These
are usually experienced in the Manufacturing and Formulation Installations and Storage Units in the
State that have been classified as Major Accident Hazard (MAH) Units. In North Goa till date no Major
Chemical Accident has been reported to the Inspectorate of Factories and Boilers from the MAH units.
The basic hazards posed by MAH units in North Goa are explosion and fire from storage and handling
of LPG. These include facilities of Goa Glass Fibre Limited, HPCL LPG Bottling plant, and Rod Mill of
Finolex Limited, Nestle, Filpack and others in North Goa. Hazardous material enters North Goa by
road for local consumption in the state as well astransit to neighboring states. The main products
transported to/from these units included liquid chlorine, petroleum products in tankers, liquified
petroleum gases in bulk and in cylinders, ammonia and phosphoric acid and chemicals in loose and
35
in bulk form . The main reasons cited for vehicles carrying Hazchem materials meeting with
accidents are the negligence of the driver and the poor design of roads which are too narrow to
enable smooth flow of traffic.
34
35

The city of Panaji is located at the tip of Arabian Sea along the Mandovi River. The transportation of
hazardous material within the city limits is not possible as the state and national highways pass from
the Northern Periphery of the city leading to other urban centres. However, the city is prone to fire
accidents within the city which is taken care by the State Fire Department. The details of fire accidents
have been detailed in Chapter 4.
11.8 Disaster Management Mitigation Measures

The Disaster mitigation at city level is a holistic management of the disasters (both manmade and
natural). It involves management of events to minimize the damage during a disaster and
development of preparedness to cope with the disasters to reduce the risk and losses.
As per the general disaster management structure in India, the district collector is the responsible
agency for disaster management within the district. The district would play key role in disaster
management and relief activities.
However, in view of the growing urbanization, decentralization of the disaster management plan is
need of the hour. The disaster management plan is needed particularly in short-term
recovery,decision-making, which can affect prospects for effective implementation of a mitigation
strategy aimed at reducing the long-term risk to human life and property in the jurisdiction.
11.8.1 Current status of disaster management

The District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) for North Goa District, has been formed under
the Chairmanship of District Collector to evaluate the disaster preparedness for different types of
calamities that may occur from time to time, with primary aim to take stock of the situation, monitors
routine preparedness, suggest improvements in the response mechanism and to formulate a
comprehensive District Disaster Management Plan for North Goa District. The DDMA is the apex
planning body at the district level and will play a major role in disaster preparedness and mitigation.
The DDMA has the primary responsibility of:
 Reviewing the threat of disasters.
 Vulnerability of the district to different disasters.
 Evacuation process to reduce risk and emergency response.
 Considering suggestions for improvement of the DDMP.
 To educate the public on different flood and cyclone hazards.
 To disseminate information about the protective steps, Dos & Don’ts.
 To make arrangements for emergency action.
 To effect evacuation from the affected areas if necessary.
 Search and Rescue Operations.
 Immediate mitigation and Relief Measures.
 Overall rehabilitation strategies and effort.
 Post disaster action and review.
As discussed above, the city is prone to natural disasters like earthquake, floods and manmade
disasters like fire outbreaks and road accidents. Presently CCP is not involved in any relief measures
during floods. Also, their role is limited to evacuation of people from flooded areas and distribution of
malaria medicines.

In order to achieve disaster preparedness (pre disaster), dissemination of warnings (during disaster)
and relief measures (post disaster), CCP need to formulate city level disaster mitigation planon the
lines of Disaster Management Plan proposed for the district.
11.8.1.1 Development of District Control Room
The state manual on development of municipal disaster management plan suggested the following
institutional mechanism for the control unit/disaster management preparedness team at district level:
Table: Institutional mechanism for the control unit/disaster management preparedness team
S. No. Members Designation

1 Collector & District Magistrate (North) Chairperson.
2 Chairperson of the Zilla Panchayat (North) Co-Chairperson.
3 Additional Collector/ADM(North) Chief Executive Officer/ Member
4 Superintendent of Police (North) Member
5 Director of Health Services Member
6 Principal Engineer, P.W.D. Member
7 Director, Fire & Emergency Services Member
Source: DMA, 2012
Any other official, technical expert or representative of the leading NGO or prominent citizen canbe
co-opted as Consulting Members after taking approval of the DDMA. The DDMA should also take
review of changes in the indicators pertaining to the district like creation of additional infrastructure,
development projects, changes in inventories, etc. and incorporate these changes while updating the
DDMP. All the members are expected to substantiate/ assist the DDMA with all the updated
information about their concerned areas of operation.
The District Control Room (DCR) has been proposed to be formed which will act as the nerve-centre
of the disaster management and response machinery in North Goa district. All the activities pertaining
to the tackling of any emergency scenario in the district right from the receipt of the early-warnings to
the final rehabilitation measures, shall be guided, controlled, managed, implemented, monitored and
reviewed from the DCR. The DCR aims for an effective and realistic response mechanism based on
the DDMP with fail proof communication, accurate databases in order to make optimal utilization of
Men, Material and Resources to prevent the loss to lives as well as minimize the loss of property.
 To implement, co-ordinate and ensure a speedy administrative response to any disaster
situation the district.
 To ensure that the disaster response is as per the situation requirement and largely based on
the DDMP.
 To effectively manage and utilize the available men, material and resources in the district.
During disaster time, DCR will operate under the central authority of the District
Collector,exercising powers to issue directives to all line-departments to provide emergency
response
service.
 DCR will be manned round the clock during disaster time to ensure rapid emergency
responses. In any case, DCR shall function 24 hrs from 1st of May to 30th of September
every year.
 DCR will co-ordinate with the State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) and State

 Control Room (SCR) for appropriate support, guidance and smooth flow of information.
 DCR shall be operationalised by the Civil Administrative Branch (CAB) of the Collectorate,
North Goa
This institutional mechanism will be applicable to entire district including the urban centres within the
district. Panaji will also be covered under the District Disaster Management Authority.
11.8.1.2 Hazard/ Risk vulnerability analysis
The CCP need to set up a disaster management cell within to be actively involved in various
monitoring and mitigation measures. The city’s disaster preparedness team, under the direction of the
Municipal Commissioner shall be responsible for preparation of annual contingency plans (Disaster
management plans) and ensuring the effective implementation of disaster mitigation and relief
measures in the city.
The CCP shall identify hazard proneness and develop ward level profile of each hazard in terms of
high/ low/medium. Further, the frequency, magnitude, intensity and spatial extent of each hazard have
to be mapped. This should be followed by development of hazard specific resource estimation.
11.9 Key Issues and Concerns

 The present water supply and sewage system pipelines are also old damaged which are
prone to contamination of the drinking water supplied.
 Practice of on-site sanitation system with septic tank / soak pit is contaminating the ground
water and water bodies as ground water table is high in the city area.
 Direct disposal of solid waste and discharge of sewage into the St. Inez drain has caused
clogging of the drain and environmental degradation of the drain.
 City level water bodies like Mala Lake lack conservation efforts due to which it has been
prone to encroachment and pollution over the years.
 The city has various environmentally sensitive areas which are prone to degradation due to
the high urbanisation pattern in the city. These areas need to be taken special care so that it
does not pose a major threat to the city in the coming future.
 The city is prone to high levels of noise as well as air pollution especially in the core area due
high influx of vehicular movement, commercial activities and pedestrian movement.
 The city is prone to natural disasters like earthquake and monsoon induced floods. The floods
are a major concern due to the city’s topography and inadequate storm water drain system
 Panaji city being surrounded by water bodies has high ground water table with water being
available around 1 to 1.5 m from the surface. Moreover, the soil is deep, poorly drained and
less permeable. This affects the discharge of storm water and water is retained for a longer
time which results in heavy flooding.The city faces high risk of fire accidents in the core city
areas like core city and adjoining heritage areas. The congestion in these areas and narrow
roads restricts the movement of fire-fighting services.
 The role of CCP has been limited in the disaster management planning for the city. There is
at present no separate disaster management cell provided in CCP.

11.10 Urban Environment post1st Generation CDP - Status Review

Open spaces` 10%; Adequate number of parks at various places within the city
population not covered
5%
by sanitation
population discharging
5%
untreated sewage
Major Issues High urbanization affecting the city environs, natural drainage pattern,
water bodiesand the ecologically sensitive areas around the city
Source: CDP 2006
 Construction on low lying and environmentally fragile areas

 Unscientific constructions on hill slopes and the reclamation of land
 Water logging and flooding on roads etc. Stagnation of rain waters
 Silting of Mandovi River and Mala lake
 Contamination of piped water with sewerage
 Sea-water incursion and Maintenance of parks
 Protection of natural recharge areas.

 Identify and develop norms for ecologically fragile zones.
 Reclaim natural water bodies and Reduce pollution to the extent possible.
 Altinho is a water-shed and the topography needs to preserved
 Development and maintenance of parks and open spaces
 Tree cutting for the sake of festivities should be stopped
cost estimate of Rs. 70.40 crores was proposed for the projects for improvement of various aspects
affecting the urban environment in the city.

1 De-silting of Mondovi River stretch (4 kms);Estimated cost: 4000 lakhs
30000 sq. m x 3 m depth; Estimated
2 Rejuvenation of Mala Lake
cost: 200 lakhs
3 Panaji Watershed Management System 9 sq. km;Estimated cost: 2700 lakhs
Beautification of existing garden and open

4 13 nos. ;Estimated cost: 40 lakhs
spaces
5 Developing parks in each ward 30 nos.Estimated cost: 100 lakhs
Source: CDP 2006

12. CLIMATE CHANGE & SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT
For centuries, human activities have released large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse
gases into the atmosphere. The majority of greenhouse gases come from burning fossil fuels to
produce energy, heating houses, and transportation purpose. Deforestation, industrial processes, and
some agricultural practices also emit gases into the atmosphere. This has led to climate change
which is refered to any significant change in the measures of climate lasting for an extended period of
time. In other words, the climate change includes major changes in temperature, precipitation, or
wind patterns, among other effects, that occur over several decades or longer. Various evident
impacts of the ongoing climate change at broad level are as follows;
 Rise in global average temperature near Earth's surface.
 Change in the monsoon pattern.
 Change in the pattern of wind.
 Increase in incidents of natural calamities such as floods, droughts, earthquake, severe heat
waves, cyclones, etc.
 Affect on agriculture yields
 Melting of ice and rise in sea level, etc.
The impacts of the climate change are evident from the past incidents around the countries and
presents challenges for the societies and environment. Thus, planning to mitigate the impact of
climate change and reduce the emission of greenhouse gases is becoming more important for
sustenance of our present societies and to save for future generation. This is possible by adopting
sustainable and low carbon emission development measures.
12.1 Climate Change and Urban Cities

As per the International Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) 5th assessment report, the cities across the
world, due to their rapid population growth and large-scale developmental and economic investments,
are at high risk to the impacts of climate change. Most of the rapid growth will take place in the urban
areas of Asia and Africa. In view of this, the cities should focus on developing adaptation capacity
towards the climate variability.
India’s cities are characterized by high density of population, housing stock, and poor infrastructure,
which make them all the more vulnerable to climate change. Given that the most valued infrastructure
is usually located in cities, the economic and social costs of climate change will be much higher in
cities.
For example, cities house valuable communications infrastructure as they do physical infrastructure
such as buildings, roads, bridges, and flyovers. Hence, any climate change impacts in the form of
damage will be quite expensive. Climate change impacts the physical assets used within cities for
economic production, the costs of raw materials and inputs to economic production, the subsequent
costs to businesses, and thus output and competitiveness.
Infrastructure plays an important role in sustaining the development of a city. Infrastructure assets
provide critical social and economic services not only to thecity where they are located but also to the
surrounding areas. The degree to which a city is vulnerable to climate hazards depends on the

frequency and intensity ofclimate related events as well as the local capacity to anticipate and
respond to them. Quality, access, and efficiency of infrastructure services play an important role in
determining this local capacity of the city as well as the magnitude ofstructural and economic loss that
a city will have to bear in times of adversities.
12.2 Learning from the Past

Extreme climate events are expected to become more frequent as a result of climate change. The
climate extremes can have devastating effects on human societies. The effects of climate change are
expected to have substantial impacts on our human settlements and our development trajectory.
Priority health research areas for different risk factors resulting from climate change are presented in
the following table.
Table 79: Risk factors
Risk factors Health effects Priority focus areas

Temperature, humidity, Vector borne diseases Climate related diseases
precipitation transmission dynamics,
improved surveillance
Precipitation, water Water borne diseases Climate and water related
temperature diseases
Local air pollution and Air pollution related health Combined effects of climate
stagnant air masses effects factors and air pollution,
weather related allergens
Extreme heat or cold Temperature related illness Improved prediction, warming
and response
Source: Climate change and human health, WHO
Also, climate conditions affect the water availability and quality, the timings and intensity of rainfall can
affect the transport of the disease causing organisms into the water supply, particularly in lower
income areas and slum pockets.
12.3 Climate in Panaji

The climate in Panaji is hot in the summer and mild in the winter. During summers (from March to
May) temperatures reach up to 32 °C and in winter (from December to February) it ranges from 20 °C
to 28 °C. The monsoon period is from June to September with heavy rainfall and gusty winds. The
annual average rainfall is 2932 mm (115.5 inches).
12.4 Climate Change Challenge in the state

As per the study onUrban Vulnerability Assessment under the ACCCRN project the following aspects
were highlighted w.r.t climate change in the state.
1. According to climate change projections made in the 4X4 assessment, there is a high
probability of an increase in average annual rainfall (approx. 69 to 109 mm) and a high
probability of a rise in average annual temperatures by 1.5 to 2.2°C in the Western Coastal
Region by the year 2030

2. Salt water intrusion: Groundwater in Goa is available at 5-10m in the Tiswadi Taluka, but in
Panaji City groundwater availability has been reported at 1 to 1.5m below ground level. Salt
water intrusion has impacted the quality of available groundwater.
3. Formation of New beaches
12.5 Climate Change Challenges in Panaji

The city is an eco sensitive area given its geographical settings and topography. The vulnerability of
coastal regions to climate change is an issue which has gained attention recently. Increase in the
Sea- Level Rise (SLR), and the frequency and intensity of storms are two primary impacts of climate
change faced by coastal communities. Panaji has been identified as one of the coastal cities
vulnerable to flooding due to the predicted sea-level rise. The rapidly increasing urbanization and
growing tourism pressure on city’s infrastructure clubbed with future risks posed by climate change
make the city highly vulnerable. Loss of green spaces due to illegal constructions, inefficient basic
service provision, and growth of urban slums in an unplanned manner are some of the factors
responsible.
The major impacts the city is prone to includes salt water intrusion, increase in sea level, high ground
water table, rise in temperature, formation of beach, loss of mangroves, land reclamation, loss of sand
dunes, siltation of storm water drains etc. The city requires a holistic approach towards these aspects
which will not only safeguard the ecology and environment of the city but also the people residing in
the city.
12.6 Urban Heat Island Analysis for Panaji

The urban heat island (UHI) is a phenomenon due to which the pattern of temperatures is higher in
urban areas than in the surrounding areas. The major concern related to the UHI is air pollution.
Higher temperatures increase ozone (O3) pollution, because elevated temperatures can trigger the
chemical reactions that form ozone.
As per the existing land cover analysis of CCP, 66% of land is under developed area and 34% of land
is under undeveloped area (natural resource, conservation land and water bodies) in the city. Its
location along the River Mandovi and Arabian Sea affects the climate of the city to a large extent.
Apart from this, at present the city has good number of open spaces which affects the micro climate of
the city. The city is facing acute deficit of developable land and hence the surrounding outgrowths of
the city are experiencing increase in population growth and infrastructure facilities. Thus, there is high
urbanisation occurring in the city region which may affect the city environs in the coming future.
Although a detailed study on micro temperatures has not been carried out, it can be broadly said that
the central core city experiences relatively more temperature and pollution due to high dense
developments and commercial activities attracting high vehicular and pedestrian movement. The city’s
residential areas and newly developed areas are less prone to high increase in temperatures.
12.7 Panaji’s Climate Change Resilience

The physical resilience in the city has been analyzed in terms of connectivity of roads, access and
availability of electricity, and water. Also the social resilience has been analyzed in terms of
accessibility to health facilities. The social resilience depends on level of equitable access to basic
services. The institutional resilience depends on preparedness of the ULB and other parastatal

agencies to cope with disasters. The economic resilience is analyzed on the basis of the employment
pattern and affordability of the citizens. The ranking of these resilience parameters in the city and the
rational is discussed in the Table below.
Table 80: Climate; parameters and ranking
Parameter Raking Description

Physical Medium  The city has good regional connectivity to the major
resilience highways in the state. However, the Mandovi bridge acts
as one single exit and entry point into the city which can be
a bottle neck during time of emergency.
 All the citizens have access to the electricity which is
available for the most part of the day. However, break up
for emergency services is not made.
 Hygienic conditions provided to most of the citizens by
good practices of SWM, provision of open spaces and 90%
coverage of sewerage system and provision of good quality
and adequate drinking water within the city.
 The buildings within the city are mix of old heritage
structures as well as new construction in the newly
developed areas.
Social resilience Medium  The city has high literacy rate of 87% due to which general
awareness among the people is high and assists in
penetration of information & education campaigns.
 The city at present does not have major concentration of
slums. There are no declared/ undeclared slums within the
city. However, few urban poor pockets are located along
primary nallahs and low lying areas.
 These areas are highly vulnerable to floods and water
inundation.
Economic High  Tourism is the major economy of the city which has a
resilience multiplier effect creating multiple job opportunities for the
locals and the migrants.
 The work participation rate in the city is 42.7%. The tertiary
sector comprises of 98% of the total work force. This
shows high rate of economic activities and access to
service sector in the city.
 15.45% of the city area is under commercial land use is
another indicator for high commercial activities within the
city.
Institutional Low  The disaster management cell is formed at state level and
resilience a state disaster management plan has been formulated.
However, the policies are made at state and district level.
There is no separate policy strategy for urban centres
considering the complex structure of each city.
 The Meteorological Department monitors and maintains
regular information on the climate aspects of the city region
which includes rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind
direction etc.
 The Goa Pollution Control Board monitors the water
quality, noise pollution and air pollution within the city.
 The Fire Services are available in the city to cater to fire
accidents in the city and its surroundings.

Parameter Raking Description

 CCP is dependent on external support in times of disaster
for mitigating the impact post event. There is no budgetary
allocation for mitigation of natural disasters and public
awareness and training programme.
 However, the city lacks contingency planning and
implementation framework for mitigation against the natural
disasters like flooding, cyclones and Tsunami which are
most destructive among all.
12.8 Resilience Initiatives in Panaji

The Disaster Management Plan for North Goa district has been prepared. However, it addresses to
the regional level threats including the urban centres within the city. There has been no major natural
disaster occurrence in the city except flooding during the monsoon season. There is an urgent need
for evolving a disaster management plan at city level after detail assessment of climate and the
factors affecting it, considering the high concentration of population, heritage areas and city level
assets.
At the city level there are various departments which are established to monitor and update the data
on the climatic condition, pollution levels, heritage conservation and environmental preservation.
However, a single database of all the information maintained by various departments is not
maintained which will not give a complete picture of the climate change phenomenon in the city. The
CCP’s role is limited to ensuring safe and clean environment within the city. The city does not have a
separate cell and budget allocation for assessment and monitoring of climate change and its impact in
the city.
There are various city level studies carried out w.r.t the factors affecting theclimate change and its
threats and impacts on city level infrastructure facilities. The study report on “Planning Climate
Resilient Coastal Cities: learnings from Panaji and Visakhapatnam, India” prepared by TERI under
USAID funding. The aim of the study was to develop and test approaches that can increase resilience
of infrastructure assets and the services they provide in the cities of Panaji and Vishakhapatnam.
Other than this, a study report on “Urban Vulnerability Assesment for Panaji” is also prepared by
ICLEI in 2014. The overall aim of this project was to provide a solid understanding, policy and action
recommendations to motivate and capacitate many more cities to start such urban vulnerability
processes and to guide them in their first steps in a direction which will more easily allow the direct
use of vulnerability assessments for subsequent adaptation and resilience planning. The issues and
recommendations highlighted in these studies will be very useful for the city administration in planning
the city infrastructure services and resilience planning against climate change effects.
The city is also taken up under the programme of ‘Development of Solar City’ by the Ministry of New
and Renewable Energy (MNRE), GoI which is aimed to promote the use of Renewable Energy in
urban areas. The target set for the cities under the scheme is to reduce the consumption of fossil fuel
to the extent of 10% in the coming five years. This target would be achieved through a mix of various
Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency projects. The project details have been explained further in
this Chapter.

12.9 Climate Change Assessment for Panaji

A detail study has been conducted by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) granted by USAID
as part of their Climate Change Resilient Development (CCRD) project’s climate adaptation small
grants program.The goal of this study was to help the cities of Panaji to plan for and implement
climate risk management strategies as an integral part of city development. The aim was to
understand the kind of infrastructure that Panaji house and their vulnerability to climate change and
sea-level rise, in particular. The study focused on the following thematic components:
 1. Develop and demonstrate an urban infrastructure inventory and linkagesalong with other
considerations to support climate resilient planning efforts
 2. Develop and demonstrate a rapid climate vulnerability assessment approachfor
infrastructure services
 The vulnerability assessment of Panaji was carried out by TERI with following objectives:
 1. Understand the impact of sea-level rise and vulnerabilityof the city to climate change
induced events like extremeprecipitation
 2. Identify hotspots and critical infrastructural servicesinfrastructure and services.
 3. Identify actions to address climate criticality and plan forclimate resilience and
 4. Inform planning decisions at the level of the localgovernment (city government) to achieve
the same.
The purpose of the study was to inform and support the city decision-makers for planning the
infrastructural services infrastructure and services of the city such that the climate threats are
addressed appropriately at all levels—structural, planning, investment, and governance. This
assessment has identified vulnerable hotspots and critical infrastructure on spatial scale and a
Database Management System (DBMS) to support the city government to address the impacts of
sea-level rise in its planning strategies. The study also gives broad sector-wise recommendations to
the city as a starting point to initiate climate resilience planning and retrofitting of infrastructure assets
and services.
The study particularly looks at Sea Level Rise (SLR) as a component of climate change and how it
affects the infrastructure and services of the city. Sea-level rise coupled with extreme rainfall events
lead to inundation, water logging, and floods in the city.Hence, exposure of the city to SLR as well as
heavy rainfall in terms of frequency of extreme precipitation, increase in the precipitation level, if any,
were assessed. The key points highlighted in this study are as follows:
i. The precipitation trends for the last three decades for Panaji were studied.The analysis result
shows a decreasing trend for total monsoonal rainfall for the period 1989-2009 as shown in Fig
below. Panaji also shows a decrease in the highest 24 hourly rainfall annually and for monsoon
months (Figure 20). The rainy days however, also show a slight decrease in the city.
ii.The trend for Panaji (1875-2010) shows an increase in the sea-level based on the tide gauge data.
iii The trend of increase in sea level estimated from the dataset is 1.26mm/year. The Figure below
shows the Annual MSL anomaly for Panaji (1875-2010)

iv. As per the future trend estimates of Mean Sea level for 2100, the Mumbai/ Goa coast shows a
trend of ~0.3mm/yr. The figure below shows the projected sea level anomaly for Panaji till 2100.
Source: Climate Change Resilient Development (CCRD), TERI, 2014
12.9.1 Vulnerability Assessment

Exposure Profile - Exposure is the nature and extent of changes that a region’s climate is subjected
to with regard to variables such as temperature, precipitation, extreme weather events, sea level
(Brenkert and Malone [2005]). The study particularly looks at the impact of SLR on infrastructure and
services of Panaji. Sea-level rise coupled with extreme events like extreme rainfall will lead to
inundation, water logging, and floods in the city.
To understand the exact spatial extent of the impact of SLR and other extreme events on Panaji, the
three SLR scenarios were overlaid on the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the city. This led to
identification of hotspots, areas, and assets that are likely to be affected under different SLR
scenarios, providing a concise spatial exposure profile for Panaji.
The Figure below highlights the areas and uses that are vulnerable in Panaji. Few areas, like
Ribandar, Patto, Fontainhas, Nuegi Nagar, St Inez, La Campala, Miramar, Carnazalem, Dona Paula
are found to be partially vulnerable. In terms of the uses/activities that are likely to be affected, these
areas have land uses ranging from residential, commercial, institutional to heritage, conservation
areas and also ecologically sensitive areas like khazan lands, salt pans, sand dunes, creeks, and
estuaries and also Dr Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary. Major city roads, NH-4A, and the Patto Bridge that
connects Panaji to Ribandar and Old Goa are also likely to be affected, in case of SLR. The major
non-climatic stressors as found in the study are:
1. Impact of development activities on khazan lands, salt pans, and creeks

2. Impact of development on the natural drainage of the city causing floods during rains

3. Impact of high floating population on the infrastructure and services of the city
Figure 50: Schematic map showing vulnerable areas and uses in Panaji due to sea water rise
12.9.2 Major threats to Existing Natural Resources of Panaji

i) Khazan land and mangroves

The khazan lands are saline flood plains in Goa’s tidal estuaries (below sea level at high tide) which
have been reclaimed over centuries with an intricate system of bunds and sluice gates (Alvares
2002). They are community managed, integrated agro-fishery-saltpan ecosystems. These are mostly
mangroves areas, reclaimed using a system of dykes, canals, and gates.The important natural anti-
erosive barrier is provided by the mangrove vegetation near the external or internal bunds.
Mangroves act as wave breakers and reduce the net erosive energy of the tides.
The biota of estuaries, mangrove swamps and forests, intertidal zones, mud flats, embankments, and
the productive khazan farms constitute very vulnerable elements of the system. These lands serve as
emergency storm water receptacles. If this land is destroyed or filled up, flooding (in surrounding area)
is bound to occur. In present times, management of khazan ecosystems are impaired by various
factors.These factors can be broadly divided into natural (infestation by boring agents and mud
crabs), ecological (growth of mangroves and weeds), intensive agriculture and mining, and other
socio-economic factors.
ii) Creeks
The Ourém creek is located in the East of Panaji in an area called Fontainhas. A historic bridge called
Patto runs over the creek. The creek is dominated by mangroves on both its banks. The creek
extends to Mala and St. Cruz region.Urbanization and construction in the vicinity of the creek is
exposing it to increasing pollution.
The St. Inéz Creek in Panaji opens up into the Mandovi River which further joins the sea at Miramar.
The St. Inéz creek is 3.7 km in length, with surface area of 65,750 sq m with an average width of 12.6
m. This beautiful creek in the past has now turned into a nallah since it has been receiving untreated
sewage and garbage over the years. At present, the depth of the creek has been reduced and is
found in the range of 1- 4.5 m along its course. The city garbage and floating litter getting stuck at
various points along the length of the creek is being observed. With the creek blocked up with
garbage, it leads to flooding in some parts during monsoon. New mega projects that are coming up
near the creek would further aggravate the problem.
iii) Sand dunes in and around Panaji
A stretch of about 4.5 km of sandy shore exists from Miramar, Carnazalem to Panaji city. Due to rapid
urbanization and tourism, most of the dunes are destroyed.

Ourem creek Mangroves near Pattobridge
Khazan land along NH-4 near Kadamba bus Salt pan at Ribandar
stand
Sand dunes at Miramar
iv) The Coast line and beach areas towards the West of the city. More beaches are being formed in
the city, especially along St. Inez Creek due to deposition of sand from nearby areas.
v) Springs located in the Fountain area are believed to be fresh water sources which used to supply
water to the entire city at one time.
Apart from this, the Altinho hill and Western Ghats are other ecologically sensitive areas in and
around the city. The Figure below shows the environmentally sensitive zones within the Panaji city
area.

Figure 51: Environmentally Sensitive zones in Panaji
Source: Urban Vulnerability Assessment for Panaji, ICLEI
12.9.3 Identification of Key Vulnerabilities in Panaji

In Panaji, climate change is viewed as a longer term threat and therefore current challenges or
vulnerabilities that are not necessarily linked to climate are viewed as more important and pressing
issues that need to be dealt with. However, this non-climate related vulnerabilities would also be
36
impacted either directly or indirectly by climate change .
The key impacts identified in the study on “Urban Vulnerability assessment for Panaji” by ICLEI are as
listed below.
S. Key Impacts Climate Threats

No.
1 Salt water intrusion - Salt water intrusion has impacted The problem of salt water
the quality of groundwater available. Parts of Tiswadi ingress due to unregulated
taluk are also impacted by this problem, especially along groundwater extraction could be
the coast, along Mandovi River and along Zuari River. further exacerbated due to
Real estate activities and development in the city are increasing temperatures that
using pumps to extract large volumes of groundwater for would lead to increased
36
Urban Vulnerability Assessment, ICLEI


No.
construction purposes which has further caused salt demand. The rise is sea water
water ingress into the city and increased levels of salinity levels would also only further
in groundwater. Salt water ingress due to groundwater worsen the current situation.
exploitation is also affecting the availability of drinking
water in the city.
2 Formation of Beaches - Formation of beaches on The formation of beaches is not

Querem and St. Inez is already taking place; more so in directly related to climate
St. Inez. This is indicative of the sand deposition trends impacts as there could be
along the Panaji coastline. The formation of this beach several complex reasons
has led to blockage of water flow of the St. Inez creek leading to this phenomenon.
into the Mandovi River and hence, has increased However, it will cause blockage
backflows. of water flow of the St. Inez
creek into the Mandovi River
which could lead to greater
flooding threats.


No.
3 Loss of Mangroves - Thick mangroves on the outskirts In the scenario of rising sea
of Panaji, are being reclaimed. In Panaji, there are a levels or increased intensity of
large number of cases where coastal stretches have storms, mangroves would be an
been subjected to the forces of erosion due to cutting important component in
down of mangroves for land reclamation. However no reducing damages.
formal mapping of change in the mangrove cover has Mapping of existing mangrove
been carried out. cover needs to be carried out.
4 Land Reclamation - At the Querem Creek, the river is During the rainy season,
deep and beach formation does not impact the flow to a reclaimed areas face the
large extent. The area has a good mangrove cover. St. problem of water logging and
Inez Canal carries a lot of waste and is polluting the water has to be pumped out.
Mandovi River. Reclaimed areas are prone to water Over the years the situation will
logging due to flooding in Zuari and Mandovi River. Most be worse.
areas along the coast line of Panaji were earlier under Time series land use maps need
marshes and have been reclaimed over time. to be prepared for the city in
order toidentify the reclaimed
land over the time
5 High Water Table - Except for the Altinho area in Goa, High water tables and increased
most other areas have a high water table. Depth of water run off combined with land use
table is said to be 1 to 1.5m below ground. Due to the practices could lead to
high water table in most parts of the city, soak pits are increased flooding situation with
unable to drain properly and hence, pollute water changing
sources, especially Mandovi River. The storm water precipitation patterns. Increased
drains need to be de-silted very frequently. flooding would also lead to
greater chances of groundwater
pollution and salt water ingress.
6 Loss of Sand Dunes - Dona Paula - Caranzalem – Like mangroves, sand dunes
Miramar (Mandovi estuary), and Dona Paula - Agassaim also provide a protective buffer
(Zuari estuary) are the main sand dune areas in the city. from sea level rise and storm
The sand dunes in these areas are progressively being surges. The loss of sand dunes
destroyed. At Campal, due to severe erosion, the only a would therefore increase the
small portion of the otherwise quite extensive beach now vulnerability of the city to such
exists. Many sandy pockets are taken over by events.
developers; heavy construction activity is seen along the
coastal hill slopes. According to a report on the sand
dunes of Goa by the National Institute of Oceanography,
it has been observed that (i) construction of resorts and
buildings, (ii) dune sand mining and (iii) roads in sandy
strips are the major factors responsible for the large
scale degradation and consequent elimination of sand


No.
dunes.
7 Lack of Sewerage Network - In Panaji, the sewerage It will have an impact on health
network covers only the core city area and does not and availability of potable during
cater to the urban fringe areas like Ribander, Donapaula, flood events that could be
Caranzalam. Also, the un-notified slum area does not caused by changes in
have the sewerage coverage. These areas presently precipitation. All the slum areas
discharge untreated wastewater into St. Inez and other in Panaji city are un-notified. A
water bodies of the city. Due to this the soak pits also do mapping of these areas and its
not function in these areas and get clogged frequently infrastructure needs is extremely
leading to over flow of waste water. This is a major crucial in order to assess their
source of ground water pollution and also pollution of vulnerability.
river Mandovi.
8 Siltation of Storm Water Drains - The storm water Flooding due to precipitation
drainage system dates back to the Portuguese period. changes and sea level rise are
The drains were nearly 5 ft high which are only 1 ft high clear threats that could make
presently due to high siltation. It occurs mainly due the the city more vulnerable to
high water table and due to this and quite often city flooding events. Therefore
witnesses the flash floods coupled with the flushing of measures at improving storm
back waters from River Mandovi. Also, indiscriminate water drainage should be given
dumping of solid waste, discharge of untreated sewage high priority. It is
and encroachment in some places leads to increased exigent to have an
clogging of the drains. Further, the siltation of Mandovi infrastructural mapping done for
and Zuari river cause the water level near the coast to the system for Panaji city in
rise which accentuates the impact of high tides causing order to identify the entry points
backflow of storm water into the drains for improvement measures.
9 Health issues - Cases of various vector borne diseases Climate change would have
have been reported in Panaji city. The key diseases indirect impacts on health by
affecting the citizens of Panajia are – Malaria, Dengue, creating flooding and increased
Chikungunya, and Filaria unhygienic conditions (as
discussed above) that could
lead to greater incidences of the
diseases mentioned above.
10 Contamination of River - High siltation levels observed Risks of flooding are enhanced.
in Mandovi and Zuari Rivers and are further amplified in In addition, though this
the case of Mandovi River as all storm water drains in vulnerable system would not
the city empty into Mandovi River. It has also caused the necessarily be directly impacted
river level to rise above the High Tide Line. These by climate change threats, but
factors are contributing to reverse flow in the drains and would increase the chances of
flooding. Further, the waste from casinos, hotels, and greater ‘knock-on’ impacts on
houses is directly dumped into the river causing health and availability of potable
increased pollution. during flood events that could be
caused by changes in
precipitation.
11 Reclamation of area of Mala Lake - Mala Lake located The Mala Lake is clearly an
towards the eastern edge of the city had a spread of ecosystem that, among its other
nearly 75,000 sq. m but due to reclamation of marshes services, provides the city of
and development in surrounding areas, this has gone Panaji with flood protection.
down drastically. Runoff from Altinho hill was earlier However, its mismanagement is
absorbed to a large extent by the Mala Lake but owing to increasing the vulnerability of
incessant reclamation of marshes, the lake is now easily the city to flood events. There is
flooded and the excess runoff from Altinho hills also a need to identify and
causes water logging in low lying areas of the city. demarcate the catchment area
Further, the high tide line, springs in core area and of Mala Lake and identification


No.
backwater areas causes flooding of Mala Lake as of sensitive zones in the area is
catchment area has been encroached. required.
Source: Urban Vulnerability Assessment for Panaji, ICLEI
12.9.4 City Sensitivity to Climate stressors

Sensitivity is the degree to which a system or species is affected, either adversely or beneficially, by
climate stressors. The effect may be direct (for e.g., a change in crop yield in response to a change in
the mean, range, or variability of temperature) or indirect (for e.g., damages caused by an increase in
the frequency of coastal flooding due to sea-level rise) (IPCC2014).
To understand this, 'vulnerability mapping' exercise was undertaken where SLR scenarios and sector-
wise infrastructure assets and services were superimposed on the city Digital Elevation Model (DEM).
This led to identification of sector-wise assets that are likely to be impacted in the SLR scenario and
hence are sensitive. The Table below summarizes sector-specific sensitivity of the city.
Table 81: Sector-specific sensitivity of the city
Area Sensitive sectors Factors causing sensitivity

St. Inez Solid Waste Management SLR
Social Infrastructure Low elevation
Tourism and Heritage Flood prone
Water Supply
Transport
Sewerage and Drainage
Ecologically Sensitive Areas
Energy and Telecommunication
Patto Solid Waste Management SLR
Transport Low elevation
Sewerage and Drainage Flood prone
Ecologically Sensitive Areas High-density
Social Infrastructure
Water Supply
Tourism and Heritage
Neugi Nagar Social Infrastructure SLR
Tourism and Heritage Flood prone
Sewerage and Drainage Low elevation
Ecologically Sensitive Areas
Water Supply
Transport
Altinho Tourism and Heritage SLR
Flood prone
Near Mala Lake Solid Waste Management SLR
Flood prone

Area Sensitive sectors Factors causing sensitivity

Low elevation
Fontainhas Tourism and Heritage SLR
Water Supply Flood prone
Sewerage and Drainage Heritage area
Solid Waste Management
Transport
Ribandar Ecologically Sensitive Areas SLR
Energy and Telecommunication Flood prone
Conservation area
La Campala Zone Ecologically Sensitive Areas SLR
Transport Low elevation
Water Supply
Social Infrastructure
Carnazalem Ecologically Sensitive Areas SLR
Transport
Water Supply
Miramar Ecologically Sensitive Areas SLR
Transport Flood prone
Water Supply Low elevation
Dona Paula Ecologically Sensitive Areas SLR
Water Supply Flood prone
From the above table, the identified critical infrastructure for resilience planning is identified as follows:
Water Supply - Water supply network is getting affected partially in some areas of the city as listed in
above table depicting sectorspecific sensitivity of the city.
Solid Waste Management - Vulnerable infrastructure includes sorting centres, four-way segregation
centres, and compost stations.
Sewerage and Sanitation - Trunk drains, surface drains, and community toilets in the listed areas of
the city might get affected due to the impact of SLR.
Traffic and Transportation - NH 4A and the Patto Bridge that connects Panaji to Ribandar and Old
Goa are likely to be affected. The Interstate Bus Terminal and the upcoming multi-level parking at
Patto, and the Betim Ferry point may also be vulnerable. Apart from this, major and minor roads, bus
stands, and parking areas might also get affected in SLR scenario.

Heritage and Tourism - The conservation area in the northern part of the city is likely to be partially
affected. Apart from this, beach-facing hotels in the areas listed in above table depicting sectorspecific
sensitivity of the city will also get affected.
Ecologically Sensitive Areas - Ecologically sensitive areas like khazan lands, salt pans, creeks, and
estuaries in the northern part of the city are more likely to be affected. Apart from this, tidal influenced
water bodies like the St. Inez creek, Rua de ourém, and River Mandovi will also be affected due to
SLR. Sand dunes and beaches in Miramar, Dona Paula, and Caranzalem, and also Dr Salim Ali Bird
Sanctuary are likely to be affected partially.
Social Infrastructure - Vulnerable infrastructure includes schools, hospitals, and clinics. They will be
affected by flooding either due to extreme rainfall or SLR in the affected areas as listed in above table
depicting sectorspecific sensitivity of the city.
Energy and Telecommunications - Vulnerable infrastructure includes electricity substations, gas
stations, telecommunication lines, and towers in the affected areas as listed in above table depicting
sectorspecific sensitivity of the city.
12.10 City Level Adaptation Strategies

CCP has initiated few steps to improve the urban environment quality in the city. They are as follows:
 Solid Waste Management system with segregation of waste at source, decomposing of the
wet waste and segregation and disposal of dry waste. The city being a tourist destination is
prone to high level of littering which is well maintained through CCP efforts.
 The city has a ban on hawking activities and related informal activities.
 Urban forestry initiatives and using recycled waste water for the same.
 The city has adequate green open spaces within its jurisdiction maintained by CCP and other
departments on regular basis.
 The project proposal for rehabilitation of St. Inez drain which is the major drain of the city has
been prepared by CCP to be taken up for future.
However, there is absence of city level adapation strategies formulated to counter the impacts of
climate change at the CCP level based on the indepth study of the potential threats due to climate
change in the city.
Adaptive capacity is the ability of a system to adjust to climate change (including climate variability
and extremes) so as to moderate potential damages, to fully utilize the opportunities, or to cope with
adverse consequences.The study report on Climate Change Resilient Development (CCRD) for
Panaji highlights the adaption capacity of the city taking into consideration relevant city level plan
documents, state level policies, acts and rules, stakeholder consultations, and discussions with sector
experts.
A broad assessment of institutional and policy framework, disaster preparedness, infrastructure and
services adequacy, and efficiency was conducted in order to understand the adaptive capacity of the
city. Based upon this assessment, structural recommendations and enabling policy, and institutional
recommendations have been suggested for resilience planning and increasing the adaptive capacity
at city level.Besides this, the DBMS developed as part of this study provides baseline information for
10 sectors on coverage, location, capacity aspects. The inventory also colour codes certain data
fields to be maintained by the city that will help in formulating and implementing policy and
engineering decisions for increasing the adaptive capacity of Panaji. This inventory can further be
refined/ developed in consultation with multiple departments/sectors to include several other
infrastructure planning parameters as relevant to the particular city. The study also recommends a

detailed analysis of critical infrastructure sectors to understand the obstacles, barriers, or limitations
that affect the city’s ability to respond to climate and non-climate stressors, disasters, or impacts to
implement measures for increasing its adaptive capacity.
Having identified the vulnerable areas and sector wise infrastructure assets and services, broad
recommendations addressing specific sectors of the city have been formulated and suggested. The
recommendations are said to have been ‘broad’ since structural adaptation interventions as well
sector-specific adaptation interventions would need expert advice, planning, and detailed analysis,
both technical and financial, to arrive at a decision for implementation.
Table 82: Recommendations w.r.t specific city infrastructure sectors
Broad Recommendations Sectors addressed
Addressing the safety and  Social Infrastructure

resilience of the critical  Solid waste management
manmade infrastructure
 Heritage and Tourism
 Water supply
 Transport
 Sewerage & drainage
 Energy & Telecommunication
Addressing the safety &  Khazan Lands
resilience of  Mangroves
naturalinfrastructure
 Sand dunes
 Creeks
Supporting and enabling  Planning measures
measures  Regulations & institutions
 Capacity building and awareness generation
In addition to this, the study also highlights the primary enabling and supporting considerations like
institutional and regulatory frameworks, financing mechanisms, and capacity-building, which would be
required for planning of new infrastructure or retrofitting/climate proofing of the existing one. The
Table below presents the key structural and non-structural measures and key data fields suggested
for addressing the future sea-level rise and current and future vulnerabilities associated with SLR in
the city.
Table 83: Sector wise key structural and non-structural measures and key data fields
Sector Structural measures Non-structural Suggested data

measures fields
Ecologically  Rehabilitation and  Spatial maps of  Sea-level rise will
Sensitive Areas preservation natural assets like change the coastal
(khazan lands; measures around khazan lands, salt morphology and
mangroves; creeks) sand dunes and pans, mangroves, soil
mangroves. For creeks, etc., characteristics.
instance, should be Cities must,
plantation of maintained. The therefore, maintain
vegetation along entire shore line beach erosion
the dunes can ecosystem should information
help restore and be demarcated in
stabilize the


measures fields
dunes. a GIS framework
 Immediate need  The natural assets
of identifying and of the city should
curbing the point be demarcated
and non-point and preserved and
sources of no construction
pollution along its /man-made
course, de-silting, interventions
and cleaning of should be allowed
the creek in the ecologically
sensitive areas
Solid Waste  Introducing water  Framing up of  Elevation of
Management proofing siting regulations important disposal
measures, like (for landfill sites, and treatment
barriers to reduce sorting centres and sites
contact from flood compost stations)  Locationof curb
water, waterproof after assessing the side refuse
covers and rain vulnerable areas collection bins,
shelters with respect to the primary collection,
 Creating elevated impact of sea-level and segregation
storage spaces rise centres
 Identifying a  The bins and
number of centreslocated in
alternate disposal flood prone areas
sites in case of
restricted access
due to flooding
Water Supply  Prevent water  An emergency  Data on the age
leakage and supply plan with and capacity of
infiltration of flood demarcated treatment plants
water into the network routes as  Data on
pipelines— well as alternate incidences of
marking and modes of supply to shutting down of
monitoring the restore water pumps
infiltration points to supply in the
 Influent and
facilitate affected zones
effluent data from
maintenance  Quality monitoring the treatment plant
has to be
 Emergency supply
frequently carried
plan
out during rainy
season.  Seasonal reports
on water quality
should be
maintained
 Regular
maintenance
Sewerage and  The vertical  Identifying  Data on flood-
Drainage elevation of alternate energy prone areas
theoutfall channel sources in  Yearly dataon
should be above vulnerable zones water logged
the high tide level housing pumping areas
to avoid back stations
 Locationaldetails
flows from sea  Regular of drainage


measures fields
 Planning the maintenance –  Height of outfall
gradual The drains must sewers from the
augmentation of be cleaned mean sea level/
the sewerage periodically to high tide level
system—New avoid blockages  Maximumcapacity
drains to take into during peak time of pumps and
account the  Integrating treatment plants
vulnerable zones vulnerability  Distance of waste
of the city and assessment and water plant from
appropriately in- resilience planning sea
built resilience in institutional
features framework and
plans, acts, rules,
bylaws, building
codes, etc.
Transport  Retrofit and  Emergency  Road
adaptation of transportarrangem infrastructure -
airport and sea ents and Location and
port systems alternative route elevation of roads,
 Appropriate design planning— SOPs bridges, subways,
of public  Emergency tunnels, etc, data
transport operations and on age, type of
systems— siting, control structures, building
entry and exits, measures— SOPs materials, etc.,
drainage, drainage
 Planning new
manholes, information
infrastructure:
considerations for avoiding low-lying  Railways–
safety of vulnerable Information on
structures, hotspots location and
equipment, and networks,
 Integrating
operations. maintenance plan
vulnerability
 Building elevations and frequency,
assessment and
and materials for elevation, flood
resilience planning
structural safety prone areas, data
in institutional
on disruptions due
 For transport framework and
to extreme
networks, plans, acts, rules,
weather
appropriate by-laws, building
phenomena, data
drainage codes, etc.
on railway
provisions with  Enforcement of buildings
optimum design CRZ Notification
capacity, length,  Airport— Capacity,
2011 while
depth, and the footfalls, age,
development and
gradient are building material,
siting of transport
required elevation, plinth
infrastructure and
level, entry to
 If the parking lot network
runway/taxi ways,
isnot to be used  Siting of details of low-
for retaining water, processing and lying/ flood-prone
provision of drains, industrial units in areas
impervious surface and around port
area and adequate areas as per the
slope at strategic CRZ Notification
locations to 2011
prevent flooding
and water logging


measures fields
would be required
Social  Reducing the  Planning  Health-
Infrastructure impact of flooding forevacuation, Information on
through response and relief location of
appropriate in case of extreme hospitals and
building design events—SOPs health centres,
solutions  Planning new ambulances,
 Addressing the infrastructure: medicine stocks,
requirements after Avoiding low-lying doctors, nursing
the flood has vulnerable and paramedical
receded hotspots personnel, yearly
data on diseases,
 Checking for  Integrating
etc.
building stability vulnerability
and efficiency assessment and  Education -
resilience planning Information on
in institutional location of
framework and schools, number
plans, acts, rules, of students,
by-laws, building available rooms
codes, etc. and infrastructure,
transport facilities,
etc.
Heritage and  Reducing the  Flood proofing and  Data onintensity
Tourism impact of flooding conservation oftourist inflows in
 Addressing the programmes the city at a
requirements after based on expert particular time of
the flood has advice the year
receded  Emergency plan  Age, condition,
 Checking for forthe safety of the and last
buildingstabilityan tourists, for maintenance
d efficiency example carried out in
emergency heritage sites
evacuation, safe  An inventory of
transport facilities, informal sector
and health that supports
facilities. tourism should be
 Assessments maintained
regarding impact
of sea-level rise on
tourism activities
for siting of
upcoming
infrastructure like
hotels and beach
tourism, etc.
 All future tourism
Infrastructure
projects must
comply with the
Coastal Regulation
Zone rules.
Energy and  Appropriate  Planning new  Location and
Telecommunication building design infrastructure: elevation of


measures fields
solutions for Avoiding facilities—
reducing flood vulnerable production sites,
damage in hotspots for siting substations, etc.
vulnerable areas  Integrating  Details of
 Appropriate on- vulnerability transmission
sitedrainage on assessment and lines— location of
production and resilience planning towers, network,
refuelling stations in institutional underground
 Maintaining safe framework and cabling details for
heights for plans, acts, rules, flood prone and
infrastructure by-laws, building low-lying areas
assets like Electric codes, etc.
Substation and for  Enforcing state
leak- proof level Renewable
equipment storage Portfolio Obligation
 Appropriate (RPO) in line with
reinforcement The Electricity Act
measures for the of 2003 for
safety and stability promoting smaller,
of towers and distributed power
cables/ lines generation units to
minimize and
manage impact on
grid and develop
climate resilient
power
infrastructure
The International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives ICLEI study on energy and carbon
emission profiles for south Asian cities recommended the following climate change mitigation
strategies to be adopted by ULBs. The same can be adopted for CCP.
Table 84: Recommended strategies towards climate change mitigation
Street lighting
 Street Lighting Energy Efficiency Programme has high
potential of energy savings (20-25%)
 Retrofit tube lighting system for 40 watt streetlights
 100 % timer-based operation and installation of power saver
 Performance-based contracts for street lighting
maintenance
 Design-based street lighting and LEDs for traffic signals
 Use of energy efficient fixtures frequent energy audits.
 Assessment through day light savings and incorporation in
the switch on / off timings.
 Reduction of the luminous levels during night hours (12;00
AM to 6:00AM)

Building and facilities energy efficiency programme

 Implementation of measures for lighting and fans such as
micro controller for lights and fans, occupancy sensors,
capacitors bank daylight sensors with dimmable ballast,
electronic ballast and tri-band phosphor tube lights, etc.
 Energy auditing at building level
Pumping system efficient projects for water supply and

drainage pumping stations
 Proper pump system design (efficient pump, pump heads
with system head)
 Water and Energy Audit to reduce UFW Installation of
power saver and variable speed driver
 Power factor improvement, e.g. installation of capacitors,
etc.
Residential/Commercial and Industrial Sector
 Solar water heating system mandatory for hotel buildings
 Usage of energy efficient appliances in lighting suchas 25
per cent households replacing at least one 60
 watt conventional incandescent bulb with a 15 wattCFL in
the next five years
 Integration of renewable technology to reduce the diesel
consumption figure
 Demand side management programmes such as for
efficient appliances, etc.
Transportation System
 Improve public transport system
 Transport management system along major corridors
 Developing cycle lanes along city roads and implementation of public bicycle sharing
system
 Restriction of vehicles in congested areas and developing multilevel car parks in the high
parking requirement areas on pay and park basis.
 Subsidy to government employees for using public transportation system.
Public Awareness
 Creating awareness amongst citizens on suitable renewable energy and energy efficiency
technologies
 Awareness activities for school children on renewable energy and energy efficiency
measures
Health strategies
 Impart awareness about preventive measures
 Better bio medical waste handling
 Better health services in urban slum areas
 Alert system against viral infections and water pollution
 Awareness of hygiene, healthy practices, sanitation and spread of diseases
 Prevention against seasonal disease spread by mosquitoes

12.11 Proposed projects
12.11.1 Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission

The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) had launched a program on “Development of
Solar Cities” in February 2008. The program has been modified /revised vide no. 5/4/2013-14/SC
th th
dated 17 January 2014 for implementation during the 12 five year plan. The Solar City Master Plan
aims at minimum 10% reduction in projected demand of conventional energy at the end of five years,
which can be achieved through a combination of energy efficiency measures and enhancing supply
from renewable energy sources in the city.
A total of 60 cities/towns were proposed to be supported for development as “Solar/ Green Cities”.
Panaji is one of the cities under the Development of Solar Cities program of the MNRE.
Under this program, cities are required to prepare a solar city master plan for the city and set up a
solar city cell in the city. However as per the documents available in public domain (website of the
MNRE) suggest that the DPR for the Panaji Solar city is in progress and the city level solar cell is yet
to be constituted by the city. The documents also suggest that the MNRE has sanctioned Rs.43.30
lakhs towards preparation of master plan, solar cells and other promotional activites in the city. Out of
the total funds sanctioned by the MNRE, the city of Panaji has received Rs.1.65 lakhs from the MNRE
as per the information available in the public domain.
12.11.2 Solar City Master Plan for Panaji

The Solar city Master Plan for Panaji is prepared to envision and implement the scheme as per the
guidelines of MNRE.
The study includes the preparation of the present energy baseline of CCP and highlights the energy
consumption pattern of the last five years. Further, it assesses the trend of energy consumption in
various sectors, based on the projections forecasts future consumption and sets a target for achieving
energy efficiency and renewable energy options in the city.
The solar city programme envisage a 10% reduction in conventional energy demand through a
combination of various demand side and supply side measures spread across all the sectors by the
end of next 5 years. Accordingly, the target for CCP turns out to be equal to 45 Million Units of
electricity as the consideration of 10% reduction. The target for the solar city programme for CCP has
been taken as to achieve reduction in the demand of electricity equivalent by 45 MU by next five
years through various supply and demand side measures in residential, commercial and institutional
sectors. It emphasises on adoption of the concept of Green Building & energy efficiency for buildings
in residential, commercial, municipal and industrial (Hotel) sector.
The Master Plan includes energy planning in residential, commercial, municipal and industrial sectors.
The various renewable energy and energy efficiency strategies and the implementable projects in the
city has been identified and taken into consideration for investment. The total investment estimated
under the Master Plan for Solar city in Panaji is Rs 541.33 crores which include Rs 290.32
crores for implementation of renewable energy strategies and Rs 251.01 crores for energy
efficiency strategies.
It also provides a framework to compare and analyze the alternative strategies and policies, in order
to facilitate councils review and decision making process. This study has identified biggest potential
for energy savings in the residential sector and huge potential for implementation of various solar
projects.

13. CULTURAL RESOURCES, HERITAGE AND

TOURISM
13.1 Historical Importance of the city

Panaji was a small fishing village covered withdense vegetation, creeks and fields. For centuries, it
remained so and was a neglected ward of Taleigao village with the only massive structure, Palace of
Adil Shah by the Mandovi River. In 1632 the 3.2 km causeway linking Panaji with Ribandar village
known as the "Pointe de Linhares" was built. It was the longest bridge at that time when it was
constructed. During this time, against the backdrop of the decline of Old Goa, the idea of Panaji
becoming the Capital of Goa slowly gained momentum. The then Viceroy, shifted his residence from
Panelim (near Old Goa) to Panaji in the newly re-modelled Adil Shah Fort, since known as "Idalcao's
Palace”. He began the process of slowly reclaiming land, initiated public projects, drainage systems
and was also responsible for many of its government buildings and set the stage for Panaji to evolve
into a magnificent city. By a royal decree on March 22, 1843, its status was elevated to a "City" and
became the capital of Goa and was called "Nova Goa". There are two old sections of the city existing
today, one called "Fontainhas" and the other "San Tome". The hillock overlooking the city is called
"Altinho".
13.2 Existing Situation for Heritage (protected and unprotected)

Panaji is the capital city of the state of Goa, and the city has been declared as a heritage city under
the JnNURM for urban renewal scheme. The city is spotted as one of the most attractive tourist
destinations in India. Panaji is known for its Indo-Portuguese cultural heritage having a number of
heritage structures, buildings, monuments and sites of significant importance. The city houses several
beautiful residential, institutional buildings having rich architectural heritage. These areas have been
designated as conservation/ preservation areas due to the existence of monuments and structures
having rich architectural heritage.
The Outline Development Plan 2011 (ODP) of Panaji has declared five areas as “Conservation Zone”,
and marked as “F” category. They are (1) Campal, (2) Mandovi river fronts (3) Fontainhas & Portais,
(4) Altinho and (5) Fonduvem, Ribandar. The area comprises of 62.00 hectares’ and works out to be
approximately 15%of the settlement area of Panaji Municipal limit excluding the unbuildable slope.
The Fig below shows the heritage zones located in the city.

Figure 52: Identified Heritage zones within the city
Source: DPR of Heritage Conservation for Panaji, 2008-09
Mandovi River Front: This consists of the first row of buildings along Avenida Brazil. Land use
pattern is heterogeneous with predominance of non-residential use. Rapid development and
architectural quality of this area is under threat of rapid change. This is first visual contact with built
form of Panaji for all water based activities. At present a nice walkway is developed along river side.
Campal: This also lies along river Mandovi and predominantly a residential area occupied by higher
economic group of population. The area is serene and tranquil away from the main hub of activity.
Architectural elements such as verandahs, balconies, cornices, windows corners etc. play an
important role in the appearance of conservation areas. Opposite to this lies the Kala Academy.
Fountainhas and Portais: This is original cultural center of Panaji. Land use pattern is predominantly
mixed commercial , institutional and residential use. Narrow winding roads and buildings with
Portuguese architecture makes distinct homogenous group. It has pedestrian access Portais:
Consists of many old buildings, predominantly of residential use. This has also scope for expansion of
new buildings. If the architectural balance is not maintained, it will ruin the quality of environment.
Ribandar: This area stars from Ribandar, Patto up to Sao Pedro within Panaji Municipal
Corporation.This is low density residential area.
Mala: Mala heritage area is also one of the very old residential area consisting of numerous old
heritage structures and residential houses. The Mala Lake is also located in this heritage area. These
five conservation areas consists of distinct heritage value (comprising of 1000 odd buildings) within
the city. There are guidelines that control development in these areas.However, existing laws are
interpreted such that only the façade needs to be retained and ineffect even complete demolition of
the internal structure is allowed. Further several heritage structures in core city areas are not
protected at all and are being demolished to make way for commercial high rises. Increasing traffic

and parking mars the character of this heritage city. Only a small fraction of the true potential of the
city’s heritage is being currently realized.
Panaji post the 1980’s was subject to market forces that have changed the urban image ofthe city.
Goa emerging as a major tourist hub has also influenced the growth trends in cities like Panaji which
is the political and administrative capital. The growing demand for built space has circumvented
planning and building regulations. New buildings with disproportionate height, scale and character
have come up in the city. The heritage buildings are getting abandoned and public places are losing
the heritage image. New buildings are built in very different configurations, architectural style,
materials and technology. Therefore they hardly compliment the historical character of the city. Some
of the age old customs, techniques and tradition are in state of extinction. Natural heritage elements
are also in constant depletion. Further bad management of urban systems such as sewage getting
into natural water bodies, improper deposition of garbage, urban development conflict the natural
systems are also contributing to the loss of natural heritage. Diminishing green areas in the city have
caused several environmental problems such as flooding in the low lying areas. Developmental
activities and the influx of tourists have put great pressure on the infrastructure of the city.
Conservation of heritage resources needs to be a major trend in the coming period. There has been a
major increase in awareness of conservation in the recent periods. With increase of globalization
there is also a pressure of safeguarding the local culture which has been the integral part of the
indigenous population. The older areas of a city serve as its nerve center and are also the cultural,
economic and historical hubs of the city. These areas are often on the verge of transformation to
accommodate future needs. The judicial mix of the historical fabric and modern amenities in
conjunction is the need of the day.

13.3 Heritage Conservation Initiatives

The Town and Country Planning Department is the nodal agency responsible for the heritage
conservation in the city. There are other private institutions like Charles Correa Foundation (CCF)
which are working on various proposals for heritage conservation in the city.
13.3.1 Survey and Listing of Heritage Structures

The Town and Country Planning Department (T&CP) has surveyed the structures in the city and listed
all the structures and sites in the city having heritage value. As per this list there are about 118
heritage structures/ sites in Panaji itself located in the heritage zones earmarked. Out of these, the
ODP for Panaji has included as many as 40 buildings, houses, sites and monuments which needs to
be addressed for conservation on priority. These heritage structures and areas have come under
threat of the upcoming new developments due to improper approach by the agencies involved in
conserving including the people at large.(Refer Annexure 4)
A Detail project report (DPR) has been prepared for the heritage conservation of the prime areas and
overall city heritage under the JnNURM funding. The objectives of the DPR for heritage conservation
was to re-vitalize the precincts for meaningful and value added use and to formulate a project
proposal that is technically feasible,commercially viable,financially sustainable and socially
acceptable. The following have been identified as projects for detailed demonstration.
1. Redevelopment of Panaji Church square

2. Conservation of Cabo fort
3. Restoration of our Lady of Ajuda Church and Restoration & Adaptive reuse of HealthCentre
4. Conservation of Cistern
5. Restoration and Adaptive reuse of Masano de Amorim
The DPR for Heritage Conservation for the City of Panaji was prepared and submitted to the MoUD in
2010 It was approved by MoUD with total project cost of Rs 3.62 crores and tendered by CCP in
2013. CCP had received the first installment of Rs 72.45 lakhs from the central government in July
2011 and was issued a completion date of June, 2014. However none of the project components
were implemented in the stipulated period and at present the funds have been reversed back to the
centre. Although, the DPR for heritage area in the city was a comprehensive and in depth study and
needs to reconsidered and hence the projects proposed in the DPR have been included in the
proposed projects under Revised CDP for Panaji. The DPR needs to reformulated and resubmitted to
avail approval and funding under new urban development mission.
The TCPD heritage cell with assitance of CCF has been also working on a project proposal of listing
and grading of heritage structures in Panaji. As discussed earlier there are no building regulations for
the new constructions in the heritage zones of the city. The present kind of building constructions,
elevation facades and high rise structures donot blend with the heritage structures in the city. This will
not only disrupt the heritage value of the city but also lead to its extinction in future under the high
pressure of urbanisation. This project aims to grade all the heritage structures in the city based on its
heritage value and physical condition and formulate building norms which will specify the type of
construction permissible in the heritage areas as per these grades. The project proposal has been
prepared by CCF and submitted to TCPD for review and comments.

Figure 53: Heritage and Tourist locations in the state
Source: DPR of Heritage Conservation for Panaji, 2008-09

13.4 Tourism Scenario
13.4.1 Tourism Scenario in the state

Tourism is essentially an expression of a natural instinct for learning, experience, education and
entertainment. The motivating factors for tourism include social, religious, business interests and
quest for knowledge. The economic implications of this phenomenon are wide ranging and capable of
influencing the development process. Tourism contributes positively to reconciling environment
protection, economic development by creating revenue through economic movement and foreign
exchange earnings, contribution to the government revenue, economic and social benefits to the
under developed areas, income and job creation, raised living standards and preservation and
conservation of natural and cultural environment.
The state of Goa is a tiny paradise with some of the loveliest beaches of the world girdling its 105 kms
long palm fringed coast, interspersed with enchanting coves and estuaries against a back drop of
green hills covered with lovely woods, rolling down to emerald paddy fields, cool and shady coconut
palms, cashew and mango groves. It is dotted with tiny picturesque villages, towns, temples,
churches, mosques, forts and monuments which offer a fantastic panoramic view of the unrivaled
beauty. It can also boast of its unique and distinctive creations of human imagination and talent from
dainty handicrafts to majestic cathedrals, charming baroque villas, nestling amidst gardens to grim
forts, the silent eloquent witness of an embattled past. The rich heritage of Goa is expressed in the
traditional folk music, dance, drama and literature, colourful festivals, pageants and feasts besides the
superb specimen of temple architecture like Mangueshi, Shantadurga, Tambdi Surla, Basilica of Bom
Jesus and Se Cathedral otherwise no less renowned as centres of worship and pilgrimage for
devotees.
Tourism in Goa has assumed the role of major economic activity having direct and indirect correlation
with all other sectors. The tourism sector contributes close to 33% to the state’s GDP. About the half a
million people are dependent, directly and indirectly on it. It contributes Rs 1500 crores as taxes to the
state and centre combined. The state is a unique cultural mosaic with diversity of tourism resources.
Planned tourism development in Goa started after Liberation of Territory in 1965. The Goa Tourism
Development Corporation was established in 1982 which deals with the operations in the tourism
sector and provides budget accommodation, sightseeing tours and river cruises. The Government of
Goa has declared Tourism as an Industry with effect from 2000. The Master Plan for tourism
development up to 2011 has been prepared while efforts are underway for preparing new Master Plan
for the next decade.
Goa has been a major destination on the itinerary of international and domestic tourists. Tourism
development is a composite subject. Beaches having been the main assets of attraction, the
department has been concentrating and promoting beach tourism. However, presently the
Department of Tourism (DoT) has started substituting beach tourism with other hinterland, eco and
adventure aspects, which has been a major destination on the itinerary of international and domestic
tourists.
The new tourism policy for Goa acknowedges the role of the private sector in the development of
tourism infrastructure within the state. The thrust of the policy is on the diversification and value
addition of the tourism product while emphasizing on the basic role of the government as a prime
facilitator responsible for upgradation of the quality of infrastructure. It also providesencouragement to
existing private tourism initiative through an appropriate package of fiscal and friendly taxation
measures, generation of an investor friendly environment for new private initiatives through a
combination of prompt processes and progressive fiscal and fixation policies. Also, entrust regulatory

measures to ensure social, cultural and environment sustainaibiity by involving local community in the
tourism sector for its own benefit and create trained manpower primarily from the local population. Life
safety along the beaches has been given a major thrust by deploying trained life guards with the
necessary equipments.
13.4.2 Tourism Scenario in Panaji

The capital of Goa and headquarter of North Goa district, Panaji is a small city located on left bank of
River Mandovi in serene environs. It is rich in natural scenic beauty, exuberant greenery, attractive
beaches, temples, churches and distinctive architecture. All these are a great source of attraction for
the tourists. Apart from its natural and cultural resources the city is well equipped with good quality
tourist infrastructure and acts as a halting point for the major tourists visiting the state. Its good
regional connectivity to the tourist destinations in the state facilitates the tourist’s accessibility from the
city.
13.4.3 Major Tourist Spots

The city of Panaji is a heritage zone which itself houses important heritage, cultural, eco tourism as
well as recreational spots. Apart from this Panaji commands a strategic location in terms of
accessibility, approach and infrastructure much further beyond the corporation boundary limit. It is well
connected to other tourist spots in North Goa district and serves as the halting point for the tourists
with varied class of accommodation facilities. Hence, the tourism sector needs to be studied at a
larger perspective to analyze the present trend of tourism economy within the city. The destinations
within the city as well as in its vicinity have been discussed and included among the major tourist
destinations for Panaji.
13.4.3.1 Eco tourism destinations
Goa has 105 kms long coastline dotted with some of the most exquisite beaches in the world. There
are in total 34 numbers of important beaches in North (16 nos.) and South Goa (18 nos.) Out of these
Miramar, Bambolim and Dona Paula are three popular beaches located near Panaji.
Miramar Beach – It is located 3 kms from the city centre. It is major recreational area of the city and
attracts the tourists visiting the city. This beach is one of the more crowded beaches in Goa, which
remains full with local and international tourists throughout the year.
Dona Paula – It is located 7 kms from the city centre. It is the meeting point for two of Goa’s famous
rivers, Zuari and Mandovi where it offers a pictureque view of the Zuari River and Mormugao harbour.
It is one of the very famous tourist destination in the city and also has water sports activities available.
The official residence of the Governor of Goa, known as Cabo
Raj Bhavan, is situated on theWestern most tip of Dona Paula.
Mala Lake: This lake is situated in Panaji on foothill on Ourem
road. This place has a scenic beauty and has the potential to
be developed as a city recreational space.
Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary - Close to Panaji located at the
western tip of the island of Chorao along Mandovi river Dr.
Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary is one of important eco tourism spot
in Goa. The sanctuary spreads over 1.78km2 area and fully
covered with mangrove species. Varieties of local and migratory birds frequently visit the place. Salim
Ali Bird Sanctuary is a bird sanctuary named after the ornithologist Dr Salim Ali. The sanctuary,

located in the village of Chorão, near Panaji, plays host to rare and endangered bird species—both
migratory and resident
Apart from this the city is located in close vicinity of the major North Goa beaches located in Tiswadi,
Bardez and Pernem taluka. They are as listed below.
Table 85: List of major beaches located near Panaji city
S. No. Name of the beach Distance from Panaji (in km) Taluka
1 Sinquerim Beach 13 Bardez
2 Calangute Beach 16 Bardez
3 Baga Beach 19 Bardez
4 Anjuna Beach 18 Bardez
5 Candolim Beach 13 Bardez
6 Vagator Beach 22 Bardez
7 Coco Beach 12 Bardez
8 Morgim Beach 29 Pernem
9 Arambol Beach 35 Pernem
10 Mandrem Beach 32 Pernem
11 Querim Beach 42 Pernem
12 Vaingninim Beach 06 Tiswadi
13 Siridao Beach 10 Tiswadi
Source: Department of Tourism, Panaji

13.4.3.2 Religious/ Cultural destinations
The city of Panaji has been the administrative, cutural and heritage center of the region since times of
Adil Shah and Potuguese. It houses rich heritage and cultural resources which comprises of private
mansions, churches, temples, mosque and other administrative buildings built during the time of
various rulers. The religious places located within Panaji city are listed below.
Church of Our Lady of Immaculate Conception: The heart of the city is the Praça da Igreja (Church
Square) or Municipal Garden with the Portuguese Baroque Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception
Church, originally built in 1541. Most important church of Panaji, located on heart of the city
Jami Masjid: Situated on Dr. Dada Vaidya Road, this is one of the important spot in Panaji
Shree Hanuman Temple: Located close to Panaji city is a beautiful red coloured structure distinct
from rest of the temples. It is located at Malā on the hill top (Altinho) and its annual jatrā in February is
a major attraction of Panaji.
Kala Academy - Kala Academy is a cultural centre known for its structure built by architect Charles
Correa. It is a place where Goa showcases its art and culture
Old Goa Heritage Zone: The nearest heritage destination near Panaji is Old Goa. It was founded by
Adil Shah and is located on East of Panaji at a distance of 10 km. Under the influence of Portuguese
rule, Goa in general and Tiswadi taluka in particular has a number of churches which date back to the
16th century and are best example of Manueline and Gothic architecture. Some of the very important
churches are located in Old Goa which has been declared as world heritage structures. The table
below lists the churches in Old Goa.
Table 86: List of monuments in Old Goa Heritage zone
S. Name of Churches Year of Heritage Importance

No. Construction
1 Chapel of St. Cathedral 1510 World Heritage Monumentand
1st Church of Goa
2 Church of St. Francis of Assissi 1510 World Heritage Monument
3 Chapel of St. Anthony 1510 -
4 Church of Our Lady of Immaculate 1541 Major Landmark of Panaji city
Conception
5 Church of Our Lady of Mount, Velha 1541 -
6 Church of St. Anne, Velha 1541 -
7 Church of Our Lady of the Rosary 1543 World Heritage Monument
8 Church and Convent of St. Augustine 1572 World Heritage Monument
9 Brasilica of Bom Jesus 1605 World Heritage Monument
10 Church & Convent of St. Monica 1672 -
11 Church of Our Lady of Mercy 1672 -
12 Church & Convent of St. Lawrence 1631 -
13 St. Cathedral 1631 World Heritage Monument
14 Church of St. Cajetan 1656 World Heritage Monument
15 Church & Convent of St. John of God 1685 -

Source: CDP Panaji, 2006
Major temples: The major temples located in the vicinity of Panaji are Shree Mungesh Temple
(Ponda Taluk), Shri Gomanteshwar Devasthan (Ela, Old Goa) and Shanti Durga Temple (33 kms
from Panaji)
Other tourist attractions include the old and rebuilt Adilshahi Palace (or Idalçao Palace), dating from
the sixteenth century, the Menezes Braganza institute, the Mahalaxmi Temple, the Chapel of St.
Sebastian and the Fontainhas area—which is considered to be the old Latin Quarter. Panaji hosted
the relics of Saint John Bosco (also known as Don Bosco) till 21 August 2011 at the Don Bosco
Oratory.
13.4.3.3 Other Tourist destinations

18th June Road - The other well-known tourist place in Panaji is the 18th June Road which is a busy
thoroughfare in the heart of the town and a shopping area for tourists and locals.
Goa Science Centre - Also located near Panaji, is the Goa Science Centre which was opened to the
public in December 2001.
13.5 Tourist arrival

The tourist statistics from 2008 to 2011 has shown a gradual increase in the number of domestic as
well as foreign tourists visiting the state as well as in Tiswadi taluk. However, the state has observed
11% increase in the total tourist arrivals from 2008 to 2011 while Tiswadi taluka has observed 27%
increase during the same duration. This is due to the strengthening of the connectivity to Panaji the
district headquarters of Tiswadi and state capital, availability of good infrastructure and its vicinity to
the tourist destinations in adjoining talukas. The Figure below shows the trend of tourist arrival from
2008 to 2011.

Figure 54: Tourist Arrival Trend, 2008-2011
State Tiswadi taluka
2312975 2342834
2217238
2103708
1039072 1136861
899240 957633
2008 2009 2010 2011
Source: Department of Tourism, Panaji
The review of the domestic and foreign tourists’ arrivals for the state and Tiswadi taluka from 2008 to
2011 has shown increase in the foreign as well as domestic tourists. The Tiswadi domestic tourist
arrivals w.r.t the state tourist arrivals have increased from 27% in 2008 to 31% in 2011. The foreign
tourist arrivals in Tiswadi taluk in comparison to the state tourist arrivals have also shown an increase
from 24% in 2008 to 26% in 2011. The Table below depicts the tourist arrival trend for the state and
Tiswadi taluka from 2008 to 2011.
Table 87:Tourist Arrival Trend in state and Tiswadi taluka
S. Detail Annual Tourist arrival

No s
2008 2009 2010 2011
Domestic Foreign Domestic Foreign Domestic Foreign Domesti Foreig

c n
1 State 2020416 351123 2127063 376640 2201752 441053 2225002 445935
2 Tiswa 548117 83292 580993 90175 598019 111223 690926 117832

di
taluka
Source: Goa Department of Tourism, Panaji

Figure 55: Tourist Arrival Trend in state and Tiswadi taluka
3500000
3000000
2500000
2000000
1500000
1000000
500000
0
Domestic Foreign Domestic Foreign Domestic Foreign Domestic Foreign
2008 2009 2010 2011
State Tiswadi taluka
Source: Goa Department of Tourism, Panaji
13.6 Tourist Infrastructure facilities

The present accommodation facilities in Tiswadi taluka include 225 numbers of hotels (8% of total
number of hotels in state) with 4400 rooms and 8259 numbers of beds. Most of the hotels are located
in and around Panaji city. Most of the destinations fall under budget accommodations targeted for the
domestic tourists. Goa Tourism Development Corporation (GTDC) facilitates numerous tourist
accommodations in various parts of the taluka and city. The Table below lists the number of hotels
located in Tiswadi taluka.
Table 88: Number of hotels registered in Tiswadi taluka, 2011
S. Category Numbers No of rooms No of beds Ratio of no

No. of rooms to
no of beds
1 A 15 1506 2600 1.7
2 B 27 873 1546 1.8
3 C 56 1144 2400 2.1
4 D 127 877 1713 2.0
Total 225 4400 8259 1.9
Source: Goa Department of Tourism, PanajiThe other prominent tourist infrastructures which need to be
considered in the city are public toilets, signage, restaurants and parking areas. The present numbers
of public toilets are inadequate and needs upgradation. The signage in the city has been provided for
directions, parking areas and one-way/two way lanes. However, there is lack of signages for heritage
areas, streets, tourist amenities like police station, restaurants, hotels and emergency services. The
parking areas are highly inadequate and have being a pain point for the city residents due to the
congestion caused by increased floating population in the city.

13.7 Fairs and Festivals

The city of Panaji has a intermix of various religions. The major festivals celebrated are Christmas,
Dasera and Holi. The Carnival celebrations in February include a colourful parade on the streets. This
is followed by the Shigmo/xigmo or Holi. The Narkāsūr parade on the night before Diwali in the city is
very colourful. The city is also one of the most soughted destination among the tourists for new year
celebrations. The major national and international events organised in Panaji are as listed below.
International Film Festival - Goa is the permanent
venue for the International film festivals and it attracts a
lot of national and international film fraternity. This
prestigious event is held at the Kala Academy located
in Panaji. It is a festival to appreciate film art and
understand films of different cultures across the world
and hence help to reduce the gap among the cultures
of different countries.The state utilises this opportunity
to promote its tourism at a global platform. It also
serves as a major event for local Goan artist to be
recognized by audiences outside Goa and showcase
their talent.
Goa International Travel Mart – This event is carried out every year to showcase Goa as a travel
destination. It strives to bring about a face to face interaction of the travel-trade, hoteliers, and other
stake holders from Goa with leading travel agents from India and abroad.
Goa Carnival - This 4 day extravaganza of fun, frolic,
amusement and festivity covers the entire state and the
festivities include a parade of colorful floats and troupes
of masked revelers attired in gorgeous costumes
singing and dancing to lively music that is usually
performed live. It offers visitors the opportunity to
experience cuisine and culture, through a unique blend
of food, fun, local and national live music performances,
fashion shows, and entertainment.
Mary Immaculate Conception Church Feast - This feast is one of the major Christian festivals and
is held in the very famous and important church of Goa, Our Lady of Immaculate Conception Church.
The church is located on a hilltop which oversees the Panjim city. The feast is celebrated all over the
state. In Panaji, the celebration goes on for three days. During these three days, there is a fair held in
the vicinity of the church that provides a lot of shopping options for tourists. The feast is held in the
commemorating the conception of Christ. There is a firework display carried out every night during the
feast days.
Shigmo - Shigmo is Goa's answer to Holi, which is a festival of colour. It is the state’s biggest spring
festival. The festival honours the homecoming of the warriors who had left their homes and families at
the end of Dusshera to fight the invaders. Huge dance
troupes perform intricate movements of folk dances on the
road all through the length of the parade. Many troupes
number more than 100 and they dance tirelessly, as they
have been doing for centuries.
Goa Arts and Literature fest - The International Centre Goa
in association with Government of Goa is organizing a major
cultural event at national level with participants from all over

the country. It is held at the International Center at Dona Paula, Panaji.
13.8 Proposed projects for the improvement of existing /potential

destinations
The Department of Tourism, Goa has listed the following destinations/ projects which have be taken
up presently for tourism development in the state. They are as given below. Out of these two projects
viz. multi level car parking and information plaza are being implemented in Patto area of Panaji city.
 Multilevel car parking at Patto, Panaji
 Expansion and renovation of existing tourism jetty
 Baga circuit development is in progress
 Convention centre at Margao
 Information plaza at Patto, Panaji
At present, the project of multilevel car parking and the information plaza at Patto, Panaji is
under implementation and will be soon commenced.
13.8.1 Tourist destinations and projects identified

Presently no potential tourist location/sites are located within the Panaji city. The Department of
Tourism, Goa has listed the following destinations/ projects which can be taken up in the future for
tourism development in the state. They are as given below.
 Bud Bud lake in Netroim village of Sanguem taluka
 Development of Medicinal stream at Collem with provision of basic facilities
 Land acquisition for providing basic facilities at Savem lake, Pierne
 Land acquisition for basic facilities at Palolem island, Canacona taluka
 Land acquisition of Nanda lake at Kakoda Curchorem (for development of eco tourism)
 Heli tourism
 Operation of Amphibian aircraft
Savree waterfall in Netroim village of Sanguem taluka
1. Parking, road wideningat Velsao beach
2. To ease parking problem, multi level car parking project in the heart of Panaji city
3. Roadside improvement in the Panaji city
4. Construction of bridge linking Patto Plaza with Neuginagar / Goa Handicraft building
5. Sky walkway in Panaji city at various locations
13.9 Key Concern Area for Tourism Development

 Conservation and preservation measures of the various heritage areas within the city area
has been gaining momentum among the city administration as well as the locals.
 The projects proposed for the heritage conservation of the city needs to be given utmost
priority by the city administration. This will not only preserve the cultural and heritage of the
city but also maintain its global identity. The heritage areas in the city also needs to be
marketed and promoted to divert the tourists which arrive mainly for experience of beach
tourism.
 Lack of tourist activities highlighting the art,culture and heritage of the city which is one of its
most important resource.

 The increasing tourist inflow to the city over the years has been putting pressure on the tourist
infrastructure facilities in the city. The core city is subjected to heavy congestion, noise and air
pollution, wear and tear of the road network, haphazard parking etc due to increased tourist
arrivals. Apart from this, the city also has to cater to additional requriement of drinking water,
sewerage system, solid waste management, public toilets etc to cater to the tourist needs.
 The city lacks centralised system of information dissemination which would facilitate the
tourists in accessing the various tourist destinations in and around the city, information about
the heritage areas, major events, festivals etc which will be going on at a given point of time.
 Lack of proper signage at all the major tourist destination routes showing their
interconnectivity within the circuit as well as city level locations viz. heritage areas, streets,
police station, hotels, restaurants, emergency services etc
13.10 Heritage and Tourism under 1st Generation CDP – Status

Review
st
1 Generation CDP Report
 The city has been designated as heritage area because of
Heritage Importance
their distinct historical and architectural characteristics
Tourists visiting India visit Goa 24%
Total tourist arrivals in Goa
30.6%
visited Panaji in 2004
Tourist Accommodation
Out of 2167 hotels in the state, 114 (5%) located in Panaji
facilities
Source: CDP 2006
 Internal transportation within city is very congested. There is only one major road available in
the city i.e. Dayanand Bandodkar road for all the traffic.
 The cruise point available in Mandovi River is an extension and modification of fishing jetty,
which is not at all proper location to handle heavy traffic on evening time.
 Many of the heritage buildings are in dilapidated conditions in the city. No proper conservation
initiatives
 The conservation areas were never designed for heavy traffic. The closely built-up areas like
Fountainhas, Portais should be given priority for conservation.
 Lack of proper signage along the city routes
 Increasing commercial establishments/ hotels putting pressure on the city infrastructure
 Heritage Strategy for Panaji incorporating Tourism

 Conservation of natural and build Heritage
 No-plastic zone needs to be practiced
 Tourism calendar needs to be worked upon
 Establishing tourism promotion board and Urban Art Council
 Panaji is linked to festivities / traditional festivals
 Developing Infrastructure for events like IFFI
 Proposed Projects and its components

 The proposed projects and its components under CDP 2006 are as depicted in Table below.
A total cost estimate of Rs. 18.42 crores was proposed for the projects for improvement of
tourism infrastructure and conservation of heritage value of the city.
S. Projects proposed Project components and estimate investment in Rs lakhs

No under CDP 2006
Listing and
1 documentation of
tourist places
i. Tourist Reception Center/Tourist Information Cell (1 no)
ii.Signage & street furniture at all tourist location
Provision of tourist
iii.
Development of Campal and Miramar Beach (20000sq. m.)
2 infrastructure and
facilities iv.Tourist/ delegate/ artist accommodation center (tourist hostel-
50 beds each)
v. Development of theaters within premises of Inox (2 nos)
vi. Campal
vii. Fontainhas
Heritage viii. Portais
3 Conservation and ix. Riverfront Area/ St. Tomb Ward
Development x. Ribander Conservation area
xi. Springs at Boca de vaca and Fontainhas
xii. Establishment of Panaji Heritage Foundation
xiii. Establishment of Urban Art Council
4 Other Projects
xiv. Development of Heritage Walkway
 Source: CDP 2006

 Status of Projects
 The Detail Project Report for Heritage Conservation of Panaji city was prepared in 2010 by
Panaji CCP with estimated cost of 39.18 crores and sent for approval to MoUD. However,
MoUD approved the project with sanction amount of 3.62 crores in July, 2011.
 Current Status
 Out of the total sanctioned amount of Rs. 3.62 Crores, Rs. 2.90 Crores will be central funding.
th
An amount of 72.45 lakhs has been released on 27 July, 2011. The completion date as per
the approval is March, 2014 but it has been not yet utilized for the implementation of the
project. The project has not been implemented as per the stipulated time allotted and hence
the fund received from centre in first installment has been reverted back.

14. URBAN GOVERNANCE
14.1 Urban Governance System

CCP is agency responsible for city governance in Panaji but there are other state level departments
performing urban infrastructure provision and development functions. These institutions can be
categorized statutory authorities and government departments.
14.1.1 Institutional Framework in Panaji city

The city of Panaji Corporation Act 2002 has been enacted under the Goa Municipalities Act, 1968.
th
The Act has been implemented taking into consideration the 74 Constitutional Amendment Act.
Although the act defines the power, discretionary and obligatory functions of municipality, most of the
functions are still performed by the state level departments. Panaji being a small city and Goa being a
small state, it is possible for the various state authorities to manage the services at state level. The
civic infrastructure, planning and design, construction and execution, operation and maintenance are
responsibility of different departments within the city. These departments and authorities are
categorized as state level and city level.
The other state level departments involved are Public Works Department (PWD) (Road construction
and building department), Public Health Engineering Department (PHED), Goa State Electricity Board
(GSEB), Kadamba Transport Corporation (KTC), Directorate of health services, fire service
department, Town and Country Planning department (TCPD), North Goa Planning and Development
Authority (district/city) (NGPDA), Archaeological survey of India, Goa Housing Board, State forest
department and State tourism department. The Table below lists the concerned authorities for various
urban infrastructures within CCP.
Table 89: List of concerned authorities for various urban infrastructures in Panaji CCP
S. Urban Infrastructure State/CCP Concerned Authority

No facilities in the city
1 Water supply State Public Health Engineering Department
2 Sewerage State Public Health Engineering Department
3 Solid waste management CCP City Corporation of Panaji
4 Storm Water Drains CCP SWD design and laying of new drains done
by Water Resource Department/ PWD. The
SWD within CCP are maintained by CCP
5 Roads State and Public Works Department and maintenance
CCP by City Corporation of Panaji
6 Street lighting State Goa State Electricity Board
7 Public Transport State Kadamba Transport Corporation
8 Traffic and Circulation city Traffic Police
9 Health facilities State Directorate of Health Services
10 Educational facilities State Directorate of Education

S. Urban Infrastructure State/CCP Concerned Authority

No facilities in the city
11 Fire Services State Fire Service Department
12 Parks, Open Spaces State and City Corporation of Panaji/ Forest
CCP department
13 Master Plan, Land Use, State North Goa Planning and Development
Building Bylaws Authority / Town and Country Planning
Office
14 Slum Development CCP City Corporation of Panaji
15 Heritage Building State Archaeological Survey of India / State
Conservation Tourism Board
14.1.2 Governing Structure of CCP

The CCP Act, 2002, has been established under the Goa Municipalities Act, 1968. The act has been
implemented taking into consideration the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act. Although the act
defines the power, discretionary, and obligatory functions of the corporation, most of the functions are
performed by the state-level departments due to various reasons. Panaji was accorded the status of a
municipal corporation in year 2002 and a governing act, the CCP Act was enacted. As per the CCP
Act, 2002, responsibility of CCP is only to the extent of providing services w.r.t. construction licenses,
solid waste management, and birth and death registration. The governance structure of the City
Corporation consists of 30 elected members and administrative staff.
a) Elected Members - The elected members of the CCP comprises of the Mayor, Deputy Mayor
and councilors representing each of the 30 wards. The Deputy Mayor assists the mayor in his duties
and is elected from among the councilors. The term for Mayor and Deputy Mayor is five years. Panaji
has one MP and one MLA of the local constituency.
b) Functional Committees - The CCP has four functional committees. The prime objective of
the formation of these committees is to provide expertise and to oversee the discharging of various
municipal functions and services.
c) Ward Committees - The Municipal Corporation of Panaji has a total 30 wards. The formation
of Ward committees is essential for ward level or decentralized planning, decentralization of the
functions and active public participation. The Municipality constitutes these ward committees and in
Panaji, these ward level committees are yet to be formed.
d) Administrative Staff – The administrative staff of CCP includes Commissioner, Deputy
Commissioner, Head Technical, Accounts Officer and Taxation Officer followed by technical, clerical
and supporting staff.
Human Resource Assessment and Technical Capabilities
The corporation’s executive wing is headed by the Municipal Commissioner appointed by the state
government for a particular period of time. The Commissioner is assisted by a Deputy Commissioner,
also appointed by the state government. Other than Municipal Commissioner, Accountant, Taxation
officer, and Municipal Engineer are state cadre and appointment for these posts is carried out by the
Directorate of Municipal Administration, GOG. All the Heads of Departments (HODs) report to the
Deputy Commissioner. The overall structure of the corporation is given in Figure below.

Figure 56: Organizational Set up of CCP, Panaji
At present CCP Panaji consists of 413 numbers of sanctioned staff for its operation out of which 403
numbers of employees are working. Presently 10 sanctioned posts in CCP Panaji are still vacant.
Overall the CCP Panaji has adequate staff strength which is presently operational. The present
establishment cost is very high which accounts to 70% of the total revenue expenditure. Post wise
details of the staff available in CCP is presented in Annexure 10
14.1.3 Transfer of functions

CCP functions under the ambit of the CCP Act 2002 falls short to meet the challenges of urban
development and municipal management.
Table 90: Status of Transfer of Functions under 74th CAA
Sr. 12th Schedule Functions Status of transfer and the name of the agency/s
No. responsible
1 Urban planning including Preparation of outline development plan – North Goa
town planning Planning and Development Authority (NGPDA) and Town
and Country Planning Department of Government of Goa
(GoG)
2 Regulation of land-use and Only building plan approval and issuance of construction
construction of buildings licence have been transferred to CCP. Preparation of
outline development plan and control of land-use in the city
is with the state T&CP
3 Planning for economic and Due to lack of adequate and qualified manpower with the
social development municipal corporation, this function has not been transferred
to CCP and is delivered by NGPDA under the purview of
GoG.
4 Roads and bridges Prior to the formation of CCP, this service was provided by
the PWD of GoG asthe corporation was not equipped with
adequate technical staff, however even now this service is
with delivered by the PWD,

No. responsible
5 Water supply- domestic, During the discussions with the officials of the CCP it is
industrial, and commercial understood that, prior to the formation of the CCP, water
supply was provided by the PWD of the GoG asthe
corporation was not equipped with adequate technical staff,
however even now this service is with delivered by the
PWD,
6 Public health, sanitation, Only solid waste management service is provided by CCP
conservancy, and SWM and other functions w.r.t. public health and sanitation are
delivered by the state public health department.
7 Fire services The state government is of the opinion that specialized
services such as fire services should remain with the
respective state departments due to lack of technical
capacity, and financial constraints of CCP. The Department
of Fire and Emergency Services, GoG, is currently
delivering this function in the CCP area.
8 Urban forestry, protection of Urban forestry and protection of the environment and
environment and ecology ecology are specialized services and require training and
qualified manpower. CCP does not have institutional
capacity to deliver this function; thus, as per the opinion of
the state government, this service should be handled by the
Forest Department, GoG.
9 Safeguarding the interests of This function has not been transferred to CCP and is
weaker sections of the delivered by the Department of Social Welfare, GoG.
society including the
handicapped and mentally
retarded
10 Slum improvement and up- This function is with CCP. As per the discussions with the
gradation department officials, there are no slums in the CCP area,
but slum-like settlements exist in the fringe area of the city.
For up-gradation of services in these areas, CCP has
prepared a project for Basic Services for Urban Poor
(BUSP) under Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal
Mission, however CCP is yet to prepare the DPR.
11 Urban poverty alleviation This function has been transferred to CCP.
12 Provision of urban amenities This function is jointly managed by the CCP and the State
and facilities- parks, gardens, forest department.
and playgrounds
13 Promotion of cultural, This function has not been transferred to CCP and is
educational, and aesthetic delivered by the Goa Educational Development
aspects Corporation, GoG.
14 Burials and burial grounds, This function has been transferred to CCP.
cremations, cremation
grounds and electric
crematoriums
15 Cattle pounds, prevention of This function has been transferred to CCP.
cruelty to animals
16 Vital statistics including This function has been transferred to CCP.
registration of births and
deaths

No. responsible
17 Public amenities including Street lighting function has not been transferred to CCP and
street lighting, parking lots, is delivered by the Goa State Electricity Board. Urban
bus stops, and public transportation in the CCP area is managed by the Kadamba
conveniences Transport Corporation, GoG.
18 Regulation of slaughter This function has been transferred to CCP.
houses and tanneries
14.1.4 Status of JnNURM implementation

Public disclosures
CCP is presently not disclosing the information of balance sheets and budget copies on its website.
However, the procurement process and tenders related to new works are updated from time to time
on the website.
Status of citizen’s charter
The citizen’s charter has been prepared and disclosed to the public through the website of CCP. The
charter is in the form of an informative booklet so as to appraise the citizens about the official
procedures. The corporation deals with the following services and the processes to be followed for
availing the services provided by the CCP are given in separate sections:
1. Construction licence
2. Occupancy certificate
3. No objection certificate for water/electric/sewerage connections
4. House/property tax transfer
5. Income certificate
6. Trade licence
7. Advertisement permission
8. Taxes (house tax)
9. Certificate of birth and death
10. Information under Right to Information Act
11. Permission to use municipal premises/gardens/public places/hearse van
12. Public grievances
Presently CCP does not mention the timeline in the citizen’s charter. Therefore, it is recommended
that it should develop a time frame to be allotted for disposing complaints pertaining to various
servicesand other citizen grievances.
Governance and Training
There is no training calendar prepared or training provided by the corporation. CCP has not carried
out a training need assessment for any of its departments. CCP needs to frame a detailed HR policy
for recruitment, promotions, leave, attendance, and for providing training to all its employees.
The Table below highlights the training programmes at various levels of staff cadres, the staff which
needs to be imparted training programmes and at present its level of availability in the CCP as well as
other concerned departments. In CCP at present the staff is neither been sent for any kind of training
nor any training programs are arranged internally. This aspect needs to be prioritised for better
governance of its functions in future.

Table 91: Trainings received by the Staff of CCP
Field Staff Departments Training Availability

Grade Programmes
Personality Class-I&II Accounts, Municipal Personality NA
Development Engineer, Taxation, GAD Development
Computer Class- Accounts, Municipal Computer NA
Programming I,II&III Engineer, Taxation, GAD, Programming
Waste Management Cell,
Construction License,
PWD
Technical Class-II&III Construction License, Technical Training NA
Training Waste Management Cell,
Property Tax, PWD
Management Class-I Municipal Commissioner, Management NA
Training Accounts, Municipal Training
Engineer
Accounts and Class-II Accounts and Taxation Accounts and NA
Financial Financial
Management Management
General Class-II & All departments Online database NA
Governmental III management of the
Proceedings various projects/
proposals
PPP in Urban Class-I&II Accounts, Taxation, PPP Inventory and NA
Service Delivery Municipal Engineer, PWD project formulation
GIS Based Class-II & Taxation GIS operations and NA
Property tax III assessments
administration
Urban Planning Class-I&II Municipal Engineer, GIS Mapping NA
and efficient land NGPDA
use management
Grievance Class-I&II Taxation, Accounts, Online data base NA
Redressal Municipal Engineer, PWD system
Mechanisms management
Source: Panaji CCP
14.1.5 Progress in implementation of urban reforms

As mentioned, CCP is not part of the JnNURM scheme. However, CCP has taken initiatives to
implement the reforms at the city level. Following is the status of mandatory reforms at CCP.
Table 99: Mandatory Reforms status
Reforms Commitment Status Update

Year/ Status
L1 e-Governance setup 2007-08 Only e-tendering is made compulsory by the state
government for the works above value of Rs. 5 Lakh.
In April 2013, a GIS based e-governance project for
the CCP is approved for Rs. 19.79 Crores and not

Reforms Commitment Status Update

Year/ Status
yet implemented
L2 Shift to accrual- 2011-12 The State Government issued a Notification
based double-entry amending the Goa Municipal Account Code in
accounting January 2008, incorporating the Accrual Based
Accounting Formats. The Goa Municipal Accounts
Code, 2007 had already been published and the
software on this code is prepared by the National
Informatics Centre (NIC). Currently the CCP is
maintaining cash based single entry accounting
system.
L3 Property tax (85% 2010-11 Coverage : 60% (2012-13)
coverage) (80%) Collection Efficiency : 61% (2012-13)
2011-
12(90%)
Property Tax (90% 2009-10
collection efficiency) (90%)
L4 100% cost recovery NA Function is carried out by a parastatal agency,
(Water supply) Public Works Department of the State Government
100% cost recovery 2007-08 Sanitation fee from each and every household as
(Solid waste well as commercial entity is collected by the CCP.
management) Rs. 30 per month is collected from the Household
along with the house tax and for the commercial
entities, sanitation fees on per month basis is
collected which varies from Rs. 100 per month to Rs.
7500 per month based on the type of the commercial
entity.
L5 Internal earmarking 2008-09 No action has been taken towards implementation of
of funds for services this reform as committed in the tripartite
to urban poor Memorandum of Agreement signed with the state
and central government.
L6 Basic services to 2007-08 No action has been taken towards implementation of
urban poor this reform as committed in the tripartite
Memorandum of Agreement signed with the state
Following sections describes on the status of E-governance implementation at CCP.
Table 100: Status of E-governance
Module Status Remarks

Property tax Partially Only database and bill generation activity is
Implemented computerized.
Accounting In progress Software developed by the National Informatics Centre
(NIC). Customization of software is in progress.
Water supply and NA Service handled by PWD of GoG. Computerization is
other utilities required.
Birth and death Implemented A computerized system of birth and death registration is
registration in place.
Citizen’s grievance Not Implemented A manual complaint registration system is in place.

Module Status Remarks

monitoring
Personnel Not Implemented Human resource records are maintained manually. The
management module will be implemented under the recently
system approved e-governance project.
Procurement and Partially Finance Department, GoG, vide its circular in May
monitoring of implemented 2012, has made it mandatory for all corporations in the
projects state to switch to the e-tendering system. There is no
module for monitoring of projects.
e-Procurement Implemented As above
Project/ward works Yet to be initiated A manual process is followed.
Building plan Yet to be initiated A manual system is in place. No steps are being taken
approval for the online approval process.
Health Yet to be initiated Functions are with the state health department.
programmes
Licences Yet to be initiated A manual system is followed currently.
Solid waste Yet to be initiated Currently, no tracking of vehicles is being done.
management
Table 100: Following is the status of optional reforms
Optional Reforms Commitment Status Update

Year/ Status
01 Introduction of 2009-10 No action has been taken towards implementation of
Property Title this reform as committed in the tripartite
Certification System Memorandum of Agreement signed with the state
02 Revision of building 2008-09 Maximum time limit for approval of building and
byelaws – receive a construction licence has been set to 60
Streamlining the days by the CCP and detailed process of the
approval process process has been incorporated in the citizen charter
which is available on the CCP website.
03 Revision of building 2008-09 The Government of Goa, through the Official
byelaws - Gazette, published in September, The Goa Land
Mandatory rainwater Development and Building Construction Regulations,
harvesting in all 2010 has made mandatory for the buildings to have
buildings rain water harvesting facility. The details of which
are presented below;
 Public Buildings with area more than 1000 m2
 Institutional Building Complexes with total built
up area of more than 1,000 m2 and
 Private Buildings of more than 20 dwelling units
Water available from such storage facility is used for
secondary uses such as flushing of WC,
gardening/landscaping car washing etc., through a
separate parallel line in the plot/premises. The
payment of subsidy on reimbursement basis to the
owners of the building on the expenditure incurred
for cost of structures constructed for roof top
rainwater harvesting structures would be done by

Optional Reforms Commitment Status Update

Year/ Status
the Water Resource Department, Government of
Goa as per their notified policy.
04 Earmarking 25% 2008-09 No action has been taken towards implementation of
developed land in all this reform as committed in the tripartite
housing projects for Memorandum of Agreement signed with the state
EWS/LIG and central government.
05 Simplification of 2009-10 The simplified process has been adopted and
legal and procedural published in the Citizen Charter of the District
framework for collector’s office.
conversion of
agricultural land for
non-agricultural
purpose
06 Introduction of 2010-11 No action has been taken towards implementation of
computerized this reform as committed in the tripartite
process of Memorandum of Agreement signed with the state
registration of land and central government.
and property
07 Byelaws on reuse of No action has been taken towards implementation of
recycled water this reform as committed in the tripartite
Memorandum of Agreement signed with the state and
central government.
08 Administrative 2008-09 No action has been taken towards implementation of
reforms this reform as committed in the tripartite
Memorandum of Agreement signed with the state and
central government.
09 Structural reforms NA Municipal Cadre has been created, Municipal
Engineer, Accountant is recruited directly by the
Directorate of Municipal Administration.
10 Encouraging public- 2008-09 No major PPP projects are been implemented in the
private partnership CCP area.
Source: CCP, Panaji
14.2 Role and Responsibility of various state level Institutions/

departments
14.2.1 Public Works Department

The PWD is the line department of the State Government of Goa. It is a functional arm of the
government for providing road infrastructure (roads, bridges, flyover, underpass, pathways road over
bridge etc), departmental building works, conservation of historical monuments and buildings. PWD
(Goa) is responsible for maintenance and construction of state highways, district roads, other district
roads and village roads. The department is also responsible for laying of new roadside storm water
drains within the city.

14.2.2 Public Health and Engineering Department

The PHED is the line department of the state Government of Goa. It is a functional arm of the
government for provision of water supply and sewerage system throughout the state including urban
water supply and sewerage facilities.
The PHED is responsible for provision of safe drinking water supply to city. This includes securing
water sources, treatment of water, transmission and distribution of water, providing water connections,
billing of water charges, disconnections of water charges, repair of damages etc. Implementation of
urban and rural water supply projects, Operation and maintenance of urban and rural water supply
projects, and water quality testing and monitoring. The department is also responsible for
management of dam’s marked for drinking water purpose and rainwater harvesting and creating water
awareness. The department ia also responsible for design, implementation, operation and
maintainence of the sewerage system in the state. PHED is responsible for provision of water supply
and sewerage system within the city.
14.2.3 Water Resource Department

The Water Resource Department is in-charge of (i) Major and Medium Irrigation Works (ii) Minor
Irrigation Works (iii) Allied sectors of Command Area Development (iv) Flood Control, Anti-Sea
Erosion and Drainage Works and (v) Minor Irrigation Works under Hill Area/Western Ghats
Development Programme (HADP/WGDP). Other works include Conservation of Water Resources,
Water Shed Development and Development of Water Resources for domestic and industrial use. Its
Jurisdiction extends over the entire State of Goa.Within the CCP area the maintainence of the major
drains is looked after by this department.
14.2.4 Goa state Electricity Board

The electricity department was created as a Govt. Department in the year 1963. The electricity
department is the only licensee in the state of Goa for transmission and distribution of electrical
energy. The street lights in the all the rural and urban centres in the state are installed and maintained
by the department. The switching on and off the streetlights is also done by the department. For new
street lights, the village Panchayat or municipality has to pass a resolution and request the electricity
department for providing street lights as per Resolution. New fixtures and its type, wattage is decided
by the department, considering the requirement of illumination level of a particular location. The
department also provides fixtures even without request from village panchayat / Municipality wherever
it is essential. The street lighting facilities in the Panai CCP is also maintained by GSEB.
14.2.5 Town and Country Planning Department

The Town and Country Planning Department is statutory body formed under the T&CP Act 1974 and
responsible for all the developmental activities under the other relevant Acts,
Regulations/Byelaws/Rules framed under them applicable in the state. It is a physical planning and
development control department for the state, with an objective to implement various development
plans like regional plan, outline development plans/ zoning plans, traffic & transportation plan,
conservation area plans, development plans for areas around railway stations, rehabilitation/ layout
plans for residential/ industrial developments, landscape planning and listing of heritage buildings/
sites. The city landuse pattern, building byelaws, heritage conservation regulations etc are
governened by TCPD.

14.2.6 North Goa Planning and Development Authority (NGPDA)

The North Goa Planning and Development Authority is the planning and regulatory authority under
which Panaji CCP is included. The main function of NGPDA is to prepare and prescribe land uses
within the city area and to prepare schemes of development and undertake their implementation
within the framework of Outline Development Plan proposed for Panaji city. They also regulate and
monitor the building byelaws followed as per the ODP.
14.2.7 State Tourism Department

The administration of tourism activities in the state lies with Ministry of Tourism which operates
through State Department of Tourism. Other stake holders in Goa tourism are the Goa Tourism
Development Corporation (A Government of Goa undertaking) and the Travel and Tourism
Association of Goa (TTAG). The Goa Tourism Development Corporation Ltd. (GTDC) carries out
tourism commercial activities like conducting sightseeing tours and river cruises apart from operating
the hotels under the Department of Tourism. All the tourist spots and related tourist infrastructure in
and around the city are developed and maintained by Department of Tourism. Apart from this, it also
proposes the tourism policy for the state and maintains tourist related data.
14.2.8 Kadamba Transport Corporation

Kadamba Transport Corporation Limited was set up by the Government of Goa as a company in the
year 1980 with the objective of providing safe, reliable, time saving, efficient, comfortable and
affordable services to the travelling public. The entire share capital of the company is held by the state
government. It is presently responsible for intercity as well as intracity transportation system in the city
14.2.9 Goa Housing Board

The Goa Housing Board is an autonomous body which was constituted under Goa, Daman & Diu
Housing Board Act 1968. The objective of the Board is to provide residential house sites andhousing
facilities to the population at reasonable price. The Goa Housing Board also takes up commercial
schemes and allots land for Institutions, and commercial buildings.
14.2.10 Directorate of health services

Directorate of Health Services (DHS) has an important role in the provision and administration of
health services in the city. The Directorate of Health Services primarily seeks to provide preventive,
promotive, curative and rehabilitative health services to the people through primary health care
approach. The health facilities in the city are maintained by this department.
14.2.11 Fire Service Department

Directorate of Fire andEmergency Service was established in 1984 to provide an efficient and
effective fire and emergency services to aid people in distress and to protect the gains accrued
through our sustained efforts in the State of Goa. The role of public fire protection service is to save
life and property from fire and allied incidents and to minimize the outbreak of fires and its
consequential loss within the jurisdiction of its responsibilities. It serves the Panaji city region with
provision of fire emergency services incase of fire accidents.

14.2.12 Goa Forest Department

The main objective of the Goa Forest Department is the conservation of the forests in the state.Apart
from this, protection of wildlife is another important area in which the department plays a vital role.
The forest department has also taken initiatives to promote wildlife/eco tourism to enable people to
see and appreciate the rich biodiversity and scenic beauty of the forests in the state. In Panaji CCP,
the forest department maintains some parks under its jurisdiction.
14.3 Key Issues

 The CCP is not in charge of all the municipal services pertaining to the city. Presently the
various infrastructure facilities in the city are under various state government agencies. This
creates problems in taking a holistic approach towards planned development of urban
infrastructure in the city.
 Out of the total sanctioned staff of 413 only 403 numbers of staff are filled. There are 10
vacant posts at present mainly comprising the lower cadre posts and administration staff.
 The post of the Admin/ Accounts Officer is vacant presently. The responsibility of the
accounts and the property tax management is vested on the accounts and taxation officer
which creates the work pressure.
 The National Informatics Centre (NIC) has created software for implementation of the accrual
based double entry accounting system (DEAS) in CCP and there is a lack of qualified staff for
coordination with NIC for customization of the software as per the CCP requirement.
 The software for the DEAS is also maintained by the NIC but no staff of the CCP is being
trained for the maintaining this software. This will create dependence on the external agency
for software management.
 Urban planning function has not been transferred to the CCP it is undertaken by the North
Goa Planning and Development Authority (NGPDA).
 There are multiple agencies involved in urban planning and building control regulations,
outline development prepared by NGPDA, approved by Town and Country planning
department of GoG, and building construction licenses given by the CCP.
 No budget provision to implement the master plans within budget of the CCP.
 Manual system for approval of building plans within CCP
 There is a lack of understanding of the urban planning reforms and land-use management
practices in CCP. Also, there is no exposure to geographical information system based (GIS)
based land-use management practices.
 No mechanism to monitor the implementation of reforms at the CCP level.

14.4 Urban Governance under 1st Generation CDP – Status

Review
Generation CDP Report
Major Issues  The civic infrastructures, planning & design, construction & execution,
operation & maintenance areresponsibility of different departments in
CCP.
 The data base maintenance is very poor and maintained in the form of
registers and not computerized.
 A significant proportion of total municipal staff strength consists of
cleaning staff, clericalstaff and other non-technical staff.
Source: CDP 2006
 Non-implementation of 74th CAA in spirit-JNN does not have financial/taxation powers,

budget to be approved from Department of Local Self Government.
 Devolution of more powers and functions to CCP, in the spirit of 74th CAA.
 High dependency on state government for resources and approvals that is against the spirit of
the 74th CAA.
 No transfer of Infrastructure assets / services created by Line department
 Overlapping of functions
 Revenue collection system inefficient.
The Strategies proposed are as listed below.
 Decentralization of urban functions to local bodies and implementing 74th CAA in spirit.
 Establish clarity of roles and responsibilities.
 Training to enhance capacity building.
 Collective action especially in programmes for solid waste management, water resource
management, and development of urban poor.
 People’s Participation in Governance
cost estimate of Rs. 1.37 crores was proposed for the projects for improvement of urban governance
system along with 18.26 crores estimated for GIS data base of the Municipal Administration and the
various infrastructure facilities and land use.
S. Projects proposed
Project components and estimate investment in Rs lakhs
No under CDP 2006
i. E Governance - For efficient management of increasing
administrative responsibilities and the welfare activities
1 E-Governance
ii. Preparation of Town planning and Information systems
(maps)
iii. Municipal GIS(Implementation of E-Governance system
GIS mapping of Panaji for Municipal Administration)
2
City
iv. Water supply map

S. Projects proposed
Project components and estimate investment in Rs lakhs
No under CDP 2006
v. Sewerage
vi. Storm water drainage
vii. Electricity cables
viii. Property
ix. Modernization of Bus Depot and Workshop
3 System Modernization
x. Medical benefits and equipments to sanitary workers
xi. Procurement and installation of system software
consisting of network asset management, operation, and
Asset Management management, demand management, network analysis
4 with optional billing and customer information
System for Water Supply
xii. Geo radar survey for areas in core city and heritage area
xiii. Hardware and networking
xiv. Preparation of restoration manuals and guidelines
Surveys, Studies and xv. Community Awareness and public participation program
5 Community Awareness for Solid Waste Management
Program xvi. x. Create awareness about the long-term value of
heritage conservation
xvii. Developing a transport planning cell
6 CapacityBuilding
xviii. Capacity building for Traffic Police
Source: CDP 2006
Status of Projects
The Detail Project Report has been prepared by the CCP for implementation of E-Governance as
st
proposed in the 1 Generation CDP. The DPR was sent for approval to State Commission and was
approved in 2010 for sanctioned amount of 19.79 crores. It was further sent to MoUD for approval. It
was approved by MoUD. There is no implementation of the project proposal till date.
Current Status
The consultant are appointed and CCP is in process of initiating the works for the implementation of
projects under E Governance
14.4.1 Proposed Projects as per 1st Generation CDP

The Detail Project Report has been prepared by the CCP for implementation of E-Governance as
st
proposed in the 1 Generation CDP. The total estimated cost for the various projects was 19.63
crores. The DPR was sent for approval to State Commission and was approved in 2010 for
sanctioned amount of 19.79 crores. It was further sent to MoUD for approval. It was approved by
MoUD and tendered. However, till date the project remains unimplemented. The project proposal now
has to be updated and resubmitted to central government to seek approval under the JnNURM -2
scheme. Hence, the project components of the DPR for E-Governance for Panaji have been included
in the Revised CDP for Panaji as a major project proposal under the sector of Urban Governance.

15. MUNICIPAL FINANCE ASSESSMENT
15.1 Overview
Urban local bodies (ULB) are service organisations and efficient management of municipal finances is
imperative to serve the urban population. The key sources of revenue for ULB consist of taxes,
charges and state transfers while the key items of expenditure are staff salaries, establishment cost
and operation and maintenance of infrastructure.
The municipal accounts data from the annual accounts of CCP was collected, compiled and analysed
for the period from 2007-08 to 2011-12 i.e. the assessment period. The review of finances involves a
time series analysis of the receipts and expenditure of the CCP to ascertain the trends and the major
sources and uses of funds. In addition to this, certain key financial indicators relating to property tax,
water tax, per capita income, per capita expenditure and debt servicing have been considered to
assess the financial performance of CCP.
15.2 First Generation CDP– Key Features of Municipal Finance

st
The 1 generation CDP has provided the financial status of CCP for the review period 2001-02 to
2005-06.The status of revenue account, capital account and collection of taxes and charges is shown
below:
Revenue receipts: Share of taxes decreased from 84.5% to 71.1% during the review period.
Revenue expenditure: The establishment expenditure accounted for 12% of revenue expenditure in
the review period. The O&M expenditure accounted for 76% of the revenue expenditure on an
average in the review period.
Revenue surplus/Deficit: The overall status of revenue account indicated a net surplus of over Rs.
3.0 crores in the financial year 2005 -06.
Capital receipts: On an average, the grants accounted for 50% of capital income and the rest of the
capital income were through the sale of land, water/ drainage deposit and other own sources of
income.The share of capital account income has increased from 6.6% to 10.1% in the review period.
Capital expenditure: Capital expenditure has been directed towards public health and convenience
viz. repair works of storm water drains, construction of public toilets and purchase of SWM equipment.
15.2.1 Key Issues identified under 1st generation CDP

 Overall the share of general account and capital account has increased and share of
suspense account has decreased in the overall revenue and capital expenditure of Municipal
Corporation of Panaji.
 It may be concluded that the share of general account has decreased and share of capital
account and suspense account has increased in the overall revenue income of the Municipal
Corporation of Panaji.
 The comparative analysis of the revenue income and revenue expenditure pattern indicates
that revenue income has been more than revenue expenditure for the financial years 2001-
02, 2003-04 and 2005-06, and on the contrary it has been less for the financial years 2002-03
and 2004-05.

 Absence of proper and effective finance organization structure

 Need for an accrual based double entry accounting system.
 High dependency on funds from the state budget.
 Lack of community participation in budget preparation.
 Need to identify the areas of intervention to augment the revenue for CCP.
 Need for introduction of PPP in various facets of municipal services.
15.3 Status of Key Financial Indicators

Based on the review of the current municipal finances during the assessment period, financial
indicators depicting the health of the municipal finances of CCP are assessed. The following table
provides a snapshot of the current financial indicators at CCP.
Table 92: Key financial indicators
S. Indicators Unit Value

No.
1. Own revenues as a proportion of total revenue receipts % 77
2. Per capita own revenues Rs 2718
3. Non-tax revenues as a proportion of own revenues % 22
4. Per capita property tax demand – Current Rs 2985
5. Coverage for property tax net -
6. Property tax collection performance – Current % 57
8. Operating ratio (revenue expenditure/ revenue receipts) 1.08
9. Per capita O&M expenditure Rs 3873
10. Salary as percentage of Revenue Income % 38
11. Salary as percentage of Revenue Expenditure % 21
12. Staff per 1000 population Nos. 10
13. Debt Servicing Coverage Ratio 1.18
Source: CCP and Analysis
15.4 As Is Assessment of Municipal Finance

CCP is practicing the single entry system, and recently, the state government has appointed a
consultant for migration to Double Entry Accounting System (DEAS). Tally software has been
deployed at CCP, data entry has been started, and the training programmes have been conducted for
the staff. However, the complete migration to DEAS is yet to be achieved.
In order to review and carry out the municipal finance assessment for CCP, we have split CCP’s
financials into the following main sections: Revenue Account (RA) and Capital Account (CA).
Following sections would provide the detailed analysis and performance of each item.
We have presented below, CCP’s Municipal Fund Statement for the period Financial Year (FY) 2008-
09 to 2012-13 (herein after referred to as the “analysis period”). The statement provides a snapshot of

the financial position of CCP during the analysis period. The statement has been prepared based on
the financial information provided in the budget documents of CCP.
Table 93: Municipal financial status, CCP
Items 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 CAGR

Actuals (Rs. lakhs) %
Opening Balance 3631.86 2831.14 5239.73 4618.07
Revenue Account
Receipt 1015.18 1293.42 1653.79 1766.57 1834.62 15.9%
Expenditure 1356.03 1373.49 1412.93 1828.73 1977.89 9.9%
Operating Surplus/
(340.85) (80.07) 240.86 (62.16) (143.27)
(Deficit)
Capital Account
Receipt 102.9 3892.79 1092.28 2591.48 9141.16 207.01%
Expenditure 162.78 3446.30 2042.07 1443.18 3599.78 116.85%
Capital Account Status (59.88) 446.49 (949.79) 1148.3 5541.38
Extraordinary Account
Receipt 144.61 142.16 186.28 272.77 23.56%
Expenditure 135.68 131.71 139.02 145.99 2.47%
Closing balance 1062.71 1073.17 1120.42 1247.20
Source: CCP annual accounts and CRIS Recast
Revenue Income (a combination of General and Water Account) of CCP has grown from of Rs
1015.18 lakhs in FY 2007-08 to Rs 1834.62 lakhs during FY 2011-12, registering a compounded
annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.9%, while revenue expenditure increased at a CAGR of 9.9%.
The capital income of CCP comprises grants from state for development works for various city
projects and other funding from JNNURM during the past five years. The CCP receives SFC grants
th th
from 11 or 12 finance Commission funding which contributes to 15-20% of the total income which is
quite on a lower side and hence it is more dependent on its own revenue and central funding /
external agencies. CCP has not availed of any loans for capital expenditure. It is observed that capital
income from state and central government is huge and that the capital account is continuously in
surplus. This indicates non utilisation of the total funds released by the state/central government for
approved projects.
The following sections provide an in-depth review of the revenue and capital account, in order to
assess the municipal fiscal status and to provide a base for determining the potential of each of the
sources and the ability of CCP to sustain the extent of planned investments identified under the CDP.
15.5 Revenue Account

The Revenue account comprises: (1) Revenue Income, comprising taxes, non taxes, assigned
revenues and grants and contributions; and (ii) Revenue Expenditure, comprises establishments,
operation and maintenance (on urban basic services) and debt servicing. The Revenue account of

Panaji CCP over the period of last five years shows a deficit except in 2009-10. The Table below
depicts the status of Panaji CCP Revenue Account.
Table 94: Summary of Municipal Finance (2007 to 2012)
Particulars 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

(Rs in lakhs)
Municipal revenue 1015.18 1293.42 1653.79 1766.57 1834.62
Municipal expenditure 1356.03 1373.49 1412.93 1828.73 1977.89
Surplus / Deficit -340.85 -80.07 240.86 -62.16 -143.27
Source: Panaji CCP and Analysis
Figure 57: Income and Expenditure pattern of CCP
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
-500
Municipal revenue Municipal expenditure Surplus on Gen. Revenue A/c
15.5.1 Revenue Income

The revenue income of CCP can be divided into three parts viz. own source tax revenue, own source,
non-tax revenue and Grants (In case of Panaji, mainly it is through its own sources). The own source
taxes include property tax, general purpose tax, and scavenging tax. It has shown an increase over
the years from 50.8% in 2007-08 to 59.3% in 2011-12. It is a major contributor to CCP revenue. The
own source non taxes comprises of income from municipal properties and fees on municipal services
(building permissions etc.) It has also shown an increase over the last five years. Its contribution to
the total revenue income of CCP has increased from 19.3% in 2007-08 to 28% in 2011-12. The
Revenue grants and contribution comprises State Finance Commission (SFC) grants, special
establishment grants and other special grants that the state government transfers annually to Panaji
CCP. The share of SFC grants has been declining in last five years. It has declined drastically from
15.6% in 2007-08 to 7.2% in 2011-12. About 7.2% of the CCP revenue income is obtained from other
miscellaneous sources. The revenue income of the CCP has increased by 81% from 2007-08 to
2011-12.The overall growth rate for revenue income in the CCP over the last five years (2007-2012) is

15.94%. There is a considerable growth of 151% in the house tax collection in the last five years. The
Table below depicts the revenue income figures under the various sources for the period of last five
years.
Table 95: Revenue Income Statement
Particulars Years (Amount Rs in lakhs) CAGR

Revenue 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 %
Tax Revenue 515.76 678.86 953.52 961.3 1087.72 20.51
% to total Revenue 50.8 52.5 57.7 54.4 59.3
Under Special Acts (Recovery
of house tax and arrears of 0.75 12.36 17.93 24.25 29.74
others 150.94
% to total Revenue 0.1 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.6
Revenue from Municipal
194.97 218.24 300.54 425.8 484.65
properties 25.56
% to total Revenue 19.2 16.9 18.2 24.1 26.4
SFC Grant 145.69 258.63 224.57 221.38 99.59 -9.07
% to total Revenue 14.4 20.0 13.6 12.5 5.4
Miscellaneous Items 158.01 125.33 157.23 133.83 132.92 -4.23
% to total Revenue 15.6 9.7 9.5 7.6 7.2
Total Revenue Receipts 1015.18 1293.42 1653.79 1766.56 1834.62 15.94
Total Percent (%) 100 100 100 100 100
The Figure below shows the revenue share of the various municipal sources for the period of last five
years.
Figure 58: Revenue Income (2007-12)

120.0
100.0
9.7% 9.5% 7.6% 7.2%
15.6% 5.4%
13.6% 12.5%
80.0 14.4% 20.0%
28.0%
19.3% 25.5%
60.0 19.3% 17.8%
40.0
52.5% 57.7% 54.4% 59.3%
50.8 %
20.0
0.0
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
Tax Revenue Non Tax Revenue SFC Grant Miscelleneous Items
Source: Panaji CCP

15.5.1.1 Demand and Collection
The demand, collection and balance details of Panaji CCP with respect to property tax, signboard/
hoarding tax, trade and occupation tax and rent of municipal buildings/plots for the year 2011-12 has
been given in the Table below. The collection efficiency of Panaji CCP w.r.t various own source tax
and non-tax is only 42% as on 2011-12. The major share of income which CCP obtains from is
property tax which shows only 57% of collection efficiency. Other major concern is CCP rental income
from the various assets showing only 19% collection efficiency. The collection efficiency from
remaining sources i.e. sign board/hoarding tax and trade and occupation tax is 38% and 33%
respectively. The city which is the prime centre of tourist influx throughout the year generates
subsequent amount of economy from commercial activities. Even then the CCP has not been able to
tap this revenue under this taxation. The Table below shows the demand and collection of CCP under
various sources for 2011-12.
Table 96:Demand and Collection for CCP, 2011-12
Item Demand Collection Balance Collection

(in Rs.) (in Rs.) (in Rs.) performance (%)
Property tax 119444892 67598037 51846855 57
Sign board/ Hoarding tax 13904407 5313944 8590463 38
Trade and Occupation tax 16042446 5241630 10800816 33
Rent of municipal
72015501 13776327 58239174 19
buildings/plots
Total 221407246 91929938 129477308 42
Source: Panaji CCP
15.5.2 Revenue Expenditure

The revenue expenditure of CCP can be divided into four categories viz. General administration and
tax collection, operations and maintenance, public health and convenience and sanitation and debt
servicing. The general administration comprises of expenditure on pay and allowances of elected
representatives, salary and other operational expenses related to general administration and revenue
collection, pension and gratuity payouts and provident fund contributions. The expenditure share
under this has increased from 15.7% in 2007-08 to 20.9% in 2011-12 of the total revenue
expenditure. The operation and maintenance expenditure comprises of expenses for public safety like
public works and roads, public health and conservancy, vehicle and equipment maintenance. The
expenditure share under this has remained almost same except in 2011-12 where it has increased to
1.8% of total revenue expenditure.
The public health and convenience expenditure comprises of equipment maintenance, electricity
charges, maintenance and construction of public toilets, development of open space and gardens,
markets, petrol and lubricants etc. This forms the major share of expenditure of CCP total revenue
expenditure. It has shown decline from 82.4% in 2007-08 to 76.6% in 2011-12. About 0.7% of the
CCP revenue expenditure is spent on other miscellaneous items. The debt servicing comprises of
interest payments on external borrowings. Presently Panaji CCP does not have any outstanding debt
liabilities.
The overall growth rate for revenue expenditure in the CCP over the last five years (2007-2012) is
9.90%. Considering the growth rate under various expenditure heads it has been observed that the
growth of public safety (54.38%) and administration expenditure (18.19%) is on higher side compared

to other expenditure items. The Table below depicts the Revenue income figures under the various
sources for the period of last five years.
Table 97: Expenditure Statement
Particulars Years (Amount Rs in lakhs) CAGR

Expenditure 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 %
Administration and collection 212.3 250.97 330.58 383.88 414.19 18.19
charges
% to total Expenditure 15.7 18.3 23.4 21.0 20.9
Public Safety 6.22 9.6 7.41 9.58 35.33 54.38
Public Health and 1117.2 1088.54 1054.36 1416.66 1514.57 7.90
Convenience
Public Instructions 1.04 0.5 0.69 0.58 0.79 -6.64
Contributions 0 0 0 0 0 0.00
Miscellaneous Items 19.27 23.88 19.89 18.02 13 -9.37
Total General Expenditure 1356.03 1373.49 1412.93 1828.72 1977.88 9.90
The Figure below shows the expenditure under the various heads for the period of last five years
Figure 59: Revenue Expenditure (2008-12)

120.0
100.0 1.4 1.7 1.4 1.0 0.7
80.0
60.0 82.4 79.3 74.6 77.5 76.6
40.0
20.0 0.5 0.5 1.8

0.5 0.7
15.7 18.3 23.4 21.0 20.9
0.0
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
Administration and collection charges Public Safety
Public Health and Convinience Public Instructions
Miscelleneous Items
Source: Panaji CCP

The operating ratio of CCP has improved from 1.34 in 2007-08 to 1.08 in 2011-12 owing to higher
growth rate ofthe revenue income (15.9%) than the revenue expenditure (9.9%).
15.6 Capital Account

The Capital account comprises of income and expenditure for and on capital works. The capital
income comprises of capital loans, capital grants and contributions and own sources like sale of
assets/ properties. The capital income in Panaji has been mainly through state funds and grants
under JnNURM. The capital expenditure comprises of all the expenditure on creation of infrastructure
worksand purchase of plant, equipment and machinery.
It has been observed that the state funds have been utilised for various development works within the
city while JnNURM funds have been earmarked for projects proposed under JnNURM. The last two
years shows a surplus in capital account which indicates that the funds are not utilised by the CCP for
various development works. The Table below depicts the summary of capital/ specific grant receipts
and expenditure thereof in the last five years.
Table 98: Details of Capital account
Particulars Years (Amount Rs in lakhs)

2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
Capital/Specific Grant Receipts 102.91 389.28 109.23 259.15 914.12
a. State Funds 102.91 367.68 107.93 244.56 911.99
b. JnNURM 0.00 21.59 1.30 14.59 2.13
Capital/Sp. Grant Expenditure 162.78 344.63 204.2 144.32 359.98
a. Other Development Works - City
Development works 162.78 289.41 187.61 131.17 357.97
b. JnNURM
0.00 55.22 16.58 13.14 2.00
Surplus/ Defict -59.88 44.65 -94.97 114.83 554.13
15.6.1 Capital Income

Capital Income (CI) consists of grants received by CCP under various schemes for capital works and
other sources. Key capital grants received by CCP during the analysis period were:
 From Govt for Roads, Flyovers, Bridges & Footpaths
 Others - JnNURM / Central Funding
 Other Sources
Over the period starting 2007-08 to 2011-12, CCP received capital grants worth Rs. 1774.67 lakhs
from various sources mentioned in the Table above. CCP has received capital funds every year in the
review period from the state and central grants (JnNURM) to takeup the capital works.
In addition to that, CCP has not taken any loans or municipal bonds during the review period.
Therefore, the capital income consists of only capital grants received from various sources.

15.6.2 Capital Expenditure

The capital expenditure of Panaji CCP over the last five years has shown expenditure on various city
level infrastructure development projects viz. solid waste management, traffic and transportation,
water body, basic service to urban poor, heritage/ tourism conservation, urban renewal and urban
governance. The total capital expenditure over the period of last five years is 1215.89 lakhs against
the total capital grants receipts of Rs 1774.67 lakhs. Thus, only 69% of the capital grants has been
utilised by the CCP.
15.7 Salient Features

 Revenue Income has increased from Rs. 1015.18 lakhs in 2007-08 to Rs. 1834.62lakhs in
2011-12, registering a CAGR of approximately 15.9% over the analysis period.
 The figures indicate that tax and non-tax revenues are contributing around 77% of total
revenue income. This indicates a good sign for CCP.
 Property tax is the major contributor to tax revenue which accounts for approximately 57% of
tax revenue followed by sign board/hoarding tax and trade and occupation tax is 38% and
33% respectively
 On an average, the operating ratio is 1.08 indicates CCP is not able to manage the Revenue
Expenditure.
 Capital account comprises of the capital grants receipts from various Central and state
government funding. For Panaji CCP it is mainly through state government funds and
JnNURM central government funds.
 The capital account of Panaji CCP for the 2011-12 is showing surplus funds.
15.8 Key Issues and Concerns

 Despite higher revenue income growth compared to revenue expenditure, the CCP has
ended up with deficit in revenue account over the period of five years under review except in
2009-10. For the period under review, average deficit was 5.09% of the aggregate revenues
from over the assessment period.
 Own revenues accounted for 76.94% of the total revenues wherein tax revenues are
accounting to 54.94% and non-tax revenues 22.00% - while only 13.18% was accounted by
the revenue grants which are mainly from the state finance commission.
 The aggregated revenue expenditure for the assessment period is 105.09% of the revenue
receipts showing a negative balance with 19.86% spent on general administration and
78.08% spent on public health and convenience.
 The revenue receipts are growing at a higher rate (15.9%) when compared to the revenue
expenditure (9.9%). However, despite higher growth rate of the revenue receipts, its
expenditures are yet to be optimized. In absence of expenditure optimization, the operating
ratio has remained 1.08 indicating that CCP is spending more than they earn which results in
to non-availability of any surplus to divert towards the capital account as own contribution for
undertaking capital works.
 The collection efficiency of various own source tax and non-tax is only 42% as on 2011-12.
There are large amount of defaulters and the amount of arrears on the defaulters are
substantial. The accounts and taxation officer during the discussions mentioned that in
absence of stringent (such as sealing and auction of the property) provisions in the CCP act,
without imposing which,it is difficult for the CCP to improve the recovery of tax.

 The property tax shows only 57% of collection efficiency as 2011-12. It was understood based
on the discussions with CCP officials that general assessment survey of properties has not
been undertaken in the last 8-10 years. And also the information related to the properties in
the city needs to be updated.
 Property tax is one of the major sources of revenue for the CCP. It was understood based on
the discussions that general assessment survey of properties has not been undertaken in the
last 8-10 years. And also the information related to the properties in the city is not updated.
 Out of the total grants received by the CCP over the period of 2007-2012 only 69% has been
utilized. This shows that the CCP has not spent the funds allotted for various development
works.
 The State capital funding to the CCP is limited to the works related to improvement of roads,
bridges, flyovers etc. The share of SFC grants has been declining in last five years. It has
declined drastically from 15.6% of the total revenue receipts in 2007-08 to 7.2% in 2011-12.
 CCP received sanction of two projects for implementation with financial assistance under
JNNURM. As per the project implementation status under JNNURM for July, 2014 the CCP
Panaji has received central grantsinstalments under JnNURM, one for heritage conservation
of the city (Rs 362.25 lakhs) in 2011 and the second for water supply system (Rs 7121.83
lakhs) in 2012. Out of the total grant approved the CCP has received Rs 72.45 lakhs and Rs
1424.37 lakhs for the two projects. However, the amount received remains un-utilised by the
CCP till date.

16. CITY VISION, DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND

STRATEGIES
‘Vision’ in the context of the CDP is vivid and idealized descriptions of a desired outcome that
inspires, energizes, and helps the stakeholders create a future picture of the city with positive
changes. It can also be defined as that position which the city aspires to reach in the medium to long
term (beyond 5 years but within 15-20 years). It can also be said that vision is a dream with deadlines.
It is important that the vision for a city is defined in simple terms, which all citizens can share and
identify with.
In the above context, CRIS team had conducted a wide range of stakeholder consultations in the city.
Further, the team in association with CCP organized a consultative workshop on 19th February, 2014
at CCP’s council hall. The objective of the workshop was to discuss the status and performance of the
service delivery and to understand the aspirations of the citizens on city development and framing of
the vision for Panaji. The workshop was attended by the various stakeholders of the city. Stakeholder
Consultations
The Government of India (GoI) has directed in the revised CDP guidelines to prepare the CDP
through a process which is consultative and participatory in which the involvement of stakeholders at
the ULB, regional and state level is required. At the Interim phase which included the completion of
situation analysis and identification of issues and gaps in the present situation, CRIS team conducted
consultative meetings with various stakeholders of the city. The main focus was to discuss about the
status and performance of services, aspirations of the citizen on the city development and to ensure a
participatory and inclusive development process.
CRIS team carried our discussions with various stakeholders of the city about priority sectors for
service improvement. The Table below gives the indicative priority list of sectors to be addressed in
the Revised CDP of Panaji.
Table 99: Priority sectors - Revised CDP
Sector Description Rank

Traffic management Road widening, pedestrian pathways, parking lot, 1
integration of transport nodes etc
Governance Efficient administration system in CCP, E-governance 2
Heritage Conservation of of natural and built heritage of the city 3
Environmental Conservation of water bodies and marine resources, 4
conservation prevention of coastal erosion, reduce levels of air, water
and noise pollution, degradation of the natural
resources and preservation of the environmentally
sensitive zones in and around the city
Tourism Improvement of tourist infrastructure in the city, and 5
develop heritage and culture based tourist attractions
within the city
Storm water drainage Proper mapping and assessment of existing storm 6
water drainage system, rehabilitation of the major
outfall drains and extension of storm water drains in

Sector Description Rank

uncovered areas
Urban Poverty Mapping and conducting detail study to identify the 7
urban poor section, provision of basic infrastructure
services as well as housing, social security and
employment opportunities.
Solid Waste Improvement of the present SWM system with provision 8
Management of efficient solid waste collection, segregation, disposal
and treatment.
16.1 Focus Group Discussions

The CRIS team has conducted stakeholder consultations with officials of CCP, various parastatals
agencies as well as other prominent agencies which are involved in the city development. The study
analysis involved one to one discussions with the officials of various departments pertaining to the
present scenario of urban infrastructure services in the city inclusive of the sectorwise issues and
gaps. Sector wise strategies and project proposals which needed to be included in the city investment
plan under Revised CDP were also discussed and further taken into consideration.. The Table below
lists the various stakeholders who were involved in the Focus Group Discussions (FGD) process
actively throughout the preparation of the Revised CDP Report
Table 100: List of consultations with CCP officials
S. No. Stakeholder
1 Mr. Sanjit Rodriges, Commissioner, CCP
2 Mr. Mohan. S, CCP
3 Mr. Sachin Ambe, SWM section, CCP
4 Revenue Department officials
5 Officials of General Administration
Table 101: List of consultations with other departments
S. No. Stakeholder
1 Executive engineers and Asst. Executive Engineers, PHED, Panaji
2 Executive engineers and Asst. Executive Engineers, PWD, Panaji
3 Director, North Goa Planning Development Authority, Panaji
4 Officials of Goa Pollution Control Board, Panaji
5 Director, Fire Department, Panaji
6 Officials of Health Department, Panaji
7 Officials of Education department, Panaji
8 DSP and officials of Traffic department, Panaji
9 Officials of RTO, Panaji
10 Officials of Housing Board, Porvorim
11 Officials of Meteorological department, Panaji

S. No. Stakeholder
12 Asst. Manager and officials of Department of Tourism, Panaji
13 E.E and A.E of State Electricity Board, Panaji
16.2 Interim Workshop Process

In order to ensure a participatory and inclusive development process, CRIS team in association with
CCP organized a consultative workshop in CCP Council Hall on 19th February, 2014 at 10.30 am.
The objectives of the Interim stage workshop were to discuss the status and performance of the
infrastructure services delivery mechanism in Panaji, city’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and
threats, and to understand the aspirations of the citizens on city development and framing of the
vision for Panaji.
The date and time of the workshop were already fixed by the Municipal Commissioner well in
advance. The CRIS team with consultation with CCP prepared a list of various stakeholders which
were identified as potential stakeholders and invitation letters were sent by CCP on the basis of this
list. The participation from various sections of people in the city was also ensured by taking into
consideration of builders association and academicians and city level CBOs and NGOs.
The CRIS team approached the CCP one day prior to the workshop to discuss the workshop
preparations and the arrangements of the venue of the workshop. CCP had ensured sufficient
outreach for the stakeholder workshop through sending formal invitation along with personal follow up
with all the departments and various other stakeholders. The confirmations from various departments
were received from various departments with vigorous follow up from the consultants and CCP
officials. During the consultations carried out prior to the workshop, the relevant stakeholders were
appraised on the need for revision of city development plan for Panaji.
The workshop was presided by the Hon‟ble Commissioner of CCP and had a turnout of more than 35
participants. The other stakeholders included CCP officials, officials from various departments and
representatives from prominent city based organisations. The representative from parastatal
agencies like NGTPDA, Kadamaba Transport Corporation (KTC), Department of Tourism (DoT), State
Electricity Department, Public Health & Engineering Department, Fire Services Department, Public
Health Division etcattended the consultation meeting. Other than these, representative from Charles
Correa Foundation and eminent citizens also attended the stakeholder workshop.
The workshop was organized at the council hall of CCP and 30-35 stakeholders participated in the
workshop. The Hon‟ble Commissioner welcomed the gathering and briefed them about the revised
city development plan for Panaji. CRIS team made a presentation on the city level assessment and
SWOT analysis. Subsequent to the presentation, a brief question and answer session was conducted
to address the concerns of the stakeholders.
On the day of the workshop good participation from various stakeholders was observed. The
participants have shown proactiveness in sharing their visions for the city development. Following are
the key issues and strategies suggested by the stakeholders during the stakeholder consultation.
16.3 Stakeholder Suggestions during Interim workshop

The stakeholder workshop for Panaji CCP prime objective was to take inputs and suggestions from
various stakeholders on the study and the projects which needs to be incorporated in the CDP
proposal. The following suggestion/opinions were raised during the workshop meeting.

Table 102: Stakeholder’s Suggestions
S. No. Area of Suggestion Suggestion/ Remarks

1 Traffic and  The city core needs to be decongested in priority. Some
Transportation ways suggested were shifting of the godowns and whole
sale markets, garages etc. would help in achieving the
same up to some extent. Traffic and congestion is major
issue for the city.
 The city roads are prone to regular wear and tear hence
needs to be upgraded from Water Bound Macadam
(WBM) to Cement Concrete (CC) roads.
 New and best practices power saving and eco-friendly
options to be adopted for street lighting like LED lighting
2 Storm Water Drains  Flooding in the city is part of natural process due to the
geographical settings of the city. However, it was
suggested that a Vulnerability Area Study of the City Area
w.r.t to flooding and its mitigation measures needs to be
prepared to address this issue.
 Measures to restrict the heavy flow of rain water from
Altinho to the city which contributes to flooding during
monsoons.
3 Urban Governance  Inadequate Capacity building initiatives which needs to be
addressed in priority.
 It was highlighted by the consultants that the SFC funds at
present procurred and utilised by the CCP is less which
needs to be looked into to extract maximum benefit for the
development works in the city.
4 Urban Environment  There is need to conserve the Mala lake by provision of
Treatment Plant and making it usable for drinking water for
the city.
 Development and Conservation of Mala lake
16.4 SWOT ANALYSIS

Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis are in an integral part of
assessment of city. ‘Strengths’ and ‘Weaknesses’ relate to factors internal to the city and indicate the
effectiveness and speed with which it can adapt to changes in its external affairs while ‘Opportunities’
and ‘Threats’ evaluated and ranked according to the probability of occurrence and the impact its
occurrence would have on the development and future competitiveness of the city. The city level
SWOT analysis has been carried out based on an assessment of status of service sectors of the city.
The competitive position of the city in terms of efficiency in governance, completive economic
growth,and sustainable development, and infrastructure efficiency, skilled labour has been analyzed
to underthe strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats in the city. The competitive position
increases ordecreases based on the projects/initiatives taken up by CCP and other parastatal
agencies. Thepresent competitive position of CCP (as identified by city stakeholders) has been
presented in thetable below
Table 103: Competitive position of the city
Parameter Scale Remarks

Parameter Scale Remarks

Efficiency in Governance Low E – Governance mechanisms not yet implemented
though efforts are initiated towards its implementation
Competitive economic High Panaji city is most preferred tourist destination in the
growth state and administrative and economic centre
Sustainable environment Medium Efficient Solid waste Management implemented in the
city and under further improvement and coverage to be
extended to its surrounding areas. Adequate open
spaces within the city limits.
However, lacks proper measures for traffic
management causing pollution, environmental
conservation and heritage conservation.
Efficient Infrastructure Medium Present infrastructure available to city is being
upgraded and efforts towards its improvement taken on
periodical basis. New projects initiated under JnNURM
and other state funding programmes. Lacks on ground
implementation.
Skilled and motivated High 58% of the population is in working age group. However
workforce the total workers percentage in the city is only 43%.
Literacy rate in the city is 87% in 2011 while it has a
increasing sex ratio over the last five decades (981 in
2011)
Protected Heritage Medium The Town and Country Planning Department (T&CP)
structures/ sites has surveyed the heritage structures in the city and
listed all the heritage structures and sites in the
city.Lack of enforcement of heritage regulations in the
heritage zones and institutional framework for its
preservation. There is high level of awareness among
the locals.
16.4.1 SWOT Analysis

The SWOT analysis gives a cursory snapshot of existing potentials that favour the growth of city.
Further,The issues major aspects impacting contributing to the city development strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities and weaknesses of the city have been identified and are discussed. For
these issues Tthe ranking of importance in a scale of high to medium has been developed through
interactions with stakeholders and city officials. In case of opportunities and threats, the possibility of
occurrence has also been identified.
The city is the state capital for Goa and a major tourist and commercial hub in the district. The city has
good connectivity with the urban centres in the state as well as to major cities like Mumbai, Pune and
Bangalore. The city has a perennial source of water supply and presently has adequate availability of
water for present and future needs. It is also one of cleanest cities in the country with good practices
of SWM system. All these factors have great impact on the growth of economic activities and related
employment opportunities. The city has potential to become the economic hub with increase in
commercial activities and increased real estate investments. Apart from this, its likeliness of the city to
behas been selected for under JNNURM JnNURM phase 2 which would certainly have a positive
impact on the service delivery within the city The Tables below lists the major aspects under
Strengths and Weaknesses and their level of importance

Table 104: Strengths
Strengths Importance
State Capital with heritage & cultural importance High
Acts as the Tourist hub for the state as accessible to tourist spots in the state High
Panaji city is the regional centre for surrounding rural areas and settlements High
Regional settings and good inter and intra State connectivity – road, rail, air Medium
and waterways
Availaibility of surface water source High
Clean city with best practices of SWM High
Table 105: Weaknesses
Weakness Importance
Lack of coordination between ULB and parastatals state agencies High
Core city is already saturated with high density and congestion related issues High
Inadequate city infrastructure w.r.t. storm water drains, sewerage, traffic High
management, parking etc.
On the other hand, the city suffers from lack of proper disposal facilities for storm water and sewerage
generated. The flooding of the city during monsoons may cause unhygienic conditions and water
logging of the roads. Due to the high demand for developable land practice of land reclamation,
blocking the natural drain pattern etc. the natural hazards are overlooked and neglected which will
cost a huge loss in future in case of its occurrence. The city density is growing year by year with
migration from surrounding areas as well as states increasing the demand for better infrastructure
facilities within the city and its surroundings. The following table presents the ranking of identified
opportunities and threats in terms of impact on the city and the possibility of occurrence.
Table 106: Opportunities and threats in the city
Opportunities Possibility of Impact on city

occurrence
Development of Tourism, Heritage and cultural potential High High
Increase in economic activities/ trade/ commercial activities High High
Development of local skills and handicrafts High Medium
Increase in Real Estate investments and housing demand High High
CBUD project and potentiality to be JNNURM city in the
High High
second phase
Table 107: Threats in the city
Threats Importance
Environmental degradation– land reclaimation, violation of building byelaws,
High
blocking of natural drainage pattern
High Migration rate causing increase in population density Medium
Heavy loss in case of natural disasters Low

16.5 Vision Statement

Subsequent to the group discussion on the issues and
strategies, the discussion was carried out on the city vision.
The city vision has been framed based on the common
consensus that emerged among the stakeholders during
the interim workshop. The vision statement has been
framed to balance the competing demands rising from the
various sectors as well as from the different stakeholders in
the city.
Keeping in view the various economic activities in the city, regional setting with neighbouring cities
and the towns, and existing infrastructure status in the city, the vision for Panajicity has framed as:
“To develop the city as a clean, environment friendly and ecologically sustainable with a
focus on improvement of the city urban infrastructure facilities, tourist infrastructure,
conservation of the natural elements and heritage structures by adoption of eco friendly
alternatives and techniques”
The city vision has been built on the three pillars of development which are economic growth, quality
of life and environmental sustainability. The city of Panaji has been one of the most preferred tourist
destinations in the country. The city’s prime challenges are proper traffic and transportation system,
environmental conservation, climate change resilience, heritage conservation and provision of basic
infrastructure like water supply, sewerage system, solid waste management and storm water drains.
However, the priority of the city is remains provision of adequate provision of basic infrastructure
which needs to be addressed in prioritytaking into account the prime challenges of the city towards a
sustainable development model. Development of infrastructure to enhance tourism aspect in the city
is also one of the major requirements of the city.
The city has the potential to become model for clean, eco friendly and resource based tourist
destination in the country with the development of various adequate and new infrastructure facilities.
Hence, the major thrust has been on the enhancement and coverage of various basic services, tourist
infrastructure, traffic management,t and urban environment, heritage conservation and growth of the
economic activities within the city. The Thematic Figure below depicts the vision envisaged for the
city.

Figure 60: Thematic Representation of City Vision
Tourist Hub
Eco Friendly
Heritage city Green city
SHARED
VISION
Educational & Trade and

Health Centre Commerce
Garbage free
city
16.6 Development Goals

Based on the city level assessment and the city vision framing, the wish list of the citizens has been
translated into the development goals with specific strategies of the key sectors. The sectors such as
water supply, sewerage and sanitation, solid waste management, storm water drainage, traffic and
transportation, urban poverty and slum improvement, local economic development, urban
environment, social infrastructure and heritage conservation are covered under the development
goals. The development goals have been framed on the basis of priority areas, to achieve the
common goals for the city and to meet the desired sector specific service level benchmarks and
indicators.

Table 108: Sector-wise developmental goals
Sector Vision Development goals Action points

Local To  Provision of  Development of commercial areas in
Economic enhance designated the outskirts of the city with advance
Development the city’s commercial and infrastructure
potential trade areas  Develop various essential tourist
as tourist  Provision of good infrastructure in the city viz. well
hub and quality tourist designed signage, designated
trade infrastructure parking areas, modernised toilet
centre facilities blocks, well planned pedestrian
zones, bicycle routes in the core
city area etc.
Water supply To provide  Provide 24 X 7  100% water supply network coverage
24 x 7 water supply in the city region
water  The quality of the  Move towards 24x7 water supply in a
supply to water should phased manner.
the city meet the  Provision of household connections
region with CPHEEO with 100% coverage w.r.t the existing
adequate standards. and future population
water
 Undertake tariff  Proper monitoring of the water
supply,
revision and distribution from the source to the
pressure
reduction in non water connections to avoid water
and quality
revenue water to losses due to various faults in the
achieve 100% distribution network
O&M cost
 Improvement and repairs of the
recovery
existing water supply network
 Minimize the
 Proposing new water supply network
energy
in uncovered and newly developing
consumption
areas.
during water
supply operations  Metering the existing connections in a
phased manner
 Introduce water pricing to control its
wastage
 Carry out water and energy audits on
regular intervals
 Awareness programs to be conducted
for optimizing the usage of water.
 To introduce online maintenance and
updation of the data pertaining to the
number of present meters,
applications/ approval for new
connection, payment of water bills etc
to facilitate speedy and efficient
operations
Sewerage and To provide  100% coverage  Ensure health and hygienic conditions
Sanitation safe and of sewerage in the city with provision of 100%
reliable system within the coverage by Under Ground drainage
collection, city system within the ciy region.
treatment,  Replacement of  Undertake mapping of the existing
and the old damaged sewerage connections and database
reuse/dispo pipelines and of septic tanks for effective sludge
sal of waste provision of new management in the city
water network in  Rehabilitation of the existing UGD

towards an uncovered areas. system in the city
eco-friendly  Develop  Providing UGD system depending on
approach decentralised the topography as well as the
for the city sewerage anticipated/ estimated phased growth
collection, and development for the uncovered
treatment, and population at present and projected till
disposal system 2041.
within the  Provision of community toilets at core
uncovered areas city area, public places and markets
 Ensure 100%  Provision of low cost sanitation units in
treatment of the slum households.
sewerage water
 Explore the recycling technologies for
and safe
the better use of treated water for
discharge into the
various uses viz. fire fighting, urban
rivers
forestry, agriculture, industrial etc.
 Explore the reuse
and recycle of
waste water for
various uses.
 Maximize the
cost recovery and
collection
efficiency
Storm water To provide  Improve the  Mapping and making database on the
drainage efficient storm water existing storm water network of the
storm water collection city, drainage pattern, flooding pattern
drainage efficiency with and changes in course of natural
system in provision of drains.
the city proper drainage  Provision of 100% coverage of storm
system water drainage in the city
 Rejuvenate the  Reconstruction / renovation of the
existing natural existing drains and sizing them
drainage course according to the storm water load.
and water bodies
 Redevelopment of natural drains with
in the city
provision of proper lining, desilting,
 Rehabilitation restrict direct disposal of garbage and
and desilting of sewage, provide green belt along the
the major drains natural courses etc.
 Measures to  Revive the natural water bodies which
minimize the will facilitate drainage of storm water
water logging as per the city’s topography.
areas and
 Regular maintenance of the existing
flooding
storm water drains.
incidence in the
city  Provision of well designed and
planned SWD network for uncovered
areas as per the natural drainage
pattern of the city.
 Effective implementation of the
building bye-laws and development
control regulations to avoid
constructions along ponds/natural
drainage system
Solid waste Efficient  100% door-to-  100% door to door collection system


management integrated door collection to be implemented in a phased
solid waste and segregation manner
manageme of waste at  100% segregation of waste at source
nt system source into decomposable (wet waste) & non-
and  Maximize decomposable (dry waste) wastes.
complying recycling and  Provision of adequate SWM
the MSW reuse capacity equipments and composting units for
2000 rules and minimize proper maintenance.
disposal at landfill
 Provision of adequate trained staff and
 Disposal street sweepers for meeting the
mechanism proposed solid waste action plan
should be
 Provision of scientific landfill site for
followed as per
disposal of inert waste and integrated
the CPHEEO
SWM.
norms
 Organizing awareness programmes &
IEC campaigns on segregation of
waste at source and on environment
friendly actions
 Phased programme to ensure
community participation in waste
segregation
 Develop Public Private Participation
(PPP) in collection, transportation &
disposal
Traffic and To make  100% coverage  Upgrading all BT roads to CC roads
transportatio city a of road network  Improvement of the existing junctions
n and street transportati system with and road geometry.
lighting on node for appropriate
 Propose new road network required
the region surface
for the future needs of the city
with improvement
efficient  Provision of traffic control measures
 Maximize the
road and proper traffic signage to ensure
share of public
network the safety of the vehicular and
transport and
and safe, pedestrian traffic
minimize traffic
reliable congestion  Comprehensive Traffic &
public Transportation study for the city has
 Minimize road
transport been proposed which needs to be
accidents and
system brought to implementation.
improve the
pedestrian  Develop multi-storied parking and paid
related parking in the congested core city
infrastructure area.
 Improve parking  Traffic awareness programmes
facilities across through IEC campaigns
the city  Promotion of eco mobility measures in
 Develop eco the core city area like pedestrian
mobility options pathways, public share bicycle
within the core system, opting for low emission mode
city of transport etc.
 Improvement of  Improvement of the city bus stand with
the transport good quality infrastructure facilities on
nodes and its PPP basis.
connectivity to  Installing streetlights for the uncovered
the city areas and spacing them as per the


 Develop water norms
transportation of  Underground ducting for the present
the city with street lighting wiring system
nearby areas and
 Replace the existing fluorescent lamp
urban centres
to LED lamps
 Technology up gradation like auto
switch on/ off system to avoid power
wastage, online information system to
be introduced
Urban To provide  To integrate the  Provision of affordable housing for
Poverty proper urban poor urban poor residing in vulnerable
infrastructur section with the areas of the city.
e facilities main stream of  Provision of adequate number of
and the society community / individual water supply
housing for through the connections to cater the needs of the
the urban provision of urban poor
poor basic, physical
 Provision of adequate community bins/
section infrastructure and
collection bins
social service
and thus improve  Provision of proper drainage system in
their quality of the slums
life.  Provision of adequate number of
community toilets
 Organization of community health
education and other health
interventions, with focus on maternal
and child health, and commonly
prevalent diseases in the slums.
Urban To provide  CCP to frame a  Urban forestry measures and
environment a pollution- policy to mitigate landscaping along the footpaths in the
free and the various core city.
sustainable sources of  Detail study of ecologically sensitive
living pollution and areas and features in the city and
environmen conservation of identification of measures to restrict its
t to the natural resources future degradation
citizens in the city
 Conservation of lakes/ city level water
 Develop green bodies.
zones/breathing
 Introduce measures to reduce the air
spaces in the city
& noise pollution due to vehicular
to improve the
traffic in the city.
quality of the life
 CNG buses to be introduced for public
 Utilize the
transport system within the city
potential for
ecosystem  Promotion of Low emission vehicles,
service to bicycles and pedestrian movement in
improve the core city area
resilience,  Awareness programmes and
subsistence and workshops to make the locals and
livelihoods in the tourists about the conservation of city
city environs.
 Revitalization of the old core areas
and conservation of the heritage
aspects of the city


Social  Making city well  Improvement of the city parks with
Infrastructure equipped with good landscaping and developing
recreational recreational activities to attract tourists
areas  Development of landscaped
recreational area around the city level
water bodies/ water front
Heritage and  Provide good  Improvement of the road sections in

Tourism quality tourist the city linking major tourist
infrastructure destinations - pathways, signage,
 Conservation and street lighting, sitting, plantation of
preservation of trees, proper parking areas
the heritage  Evolve development control
areas and regulations for the core city area
structures  Provision of adequate signage
 To promote indicating the destination located in
cultural and the city and modernised public toilets.
heritage resource  Sound and light show at Dona Paula
of the city with cultural shows, local cuisine –
 Develop new improvement of the Dona Paula area -
tourist attractions  Improvement of hill steps at Cortini
in the city tourist with proper paving, sitting, lighting,
places landscaping etc.
 Development of the Mala heritage
area
Disaster  Develop city  Identification and assessment of
Management based disaster potential disaster which the city is
and Climate management prone to.
chnage system  Develop well equipped disaster
 Measures for management cell within the CCP
improvement of which will work on the lines of disaster
the city’s climate management proposed for the city
change resilience  Study and analysis of the climate
change phenomenon in the city and
the major threats which may contribute
to it.
 Develop measures to improve the
city’s resilience towards climate
change
 Develop an proper institutional
framework and policy level measures
for effective adoption and
implementation of climate change
measures

17. SECTOR PLAN, STRATEGIES & INVESTMENT

PLAN
City Investment Plan (CIP) in line with the identified
The phasing of the identified projects and
vision for the city has been prepared through a
Investments is based on the following
comprehensive process of gap assessment and principles:
through stakeholder consultation. This assessment
 Priority needs, with developed
has also led to the identification of sector specific
areasreceiving priority over future
strategies, implementation actions, and associated developmentarea
reforms with specific inputs from stakeholders too.
 Inter and intra-service linkages, viz.
The strategies adopted primarily have three Watersupply investments shall
dimensions: improving the service delivery by becomplemented by
efficiency measures, improving service delivery by correspondingsewerage/sanitation
creating infrastructure assets: and improving the improvements
governance aspects. This section summarises the  Size and duration of the
capital investments required for creating requirements,including preparation and
infrastructure assets and various strategic implementation period
interventions required in the implementation of such  Project-linked revenue implications,
projects.
The need for the CIP is on account of:
 Assessment of city growth and infrastructure needs

 Scheduling of investments foron-going projects
 Assigning of priorities within the constraints of available financial resources
The CIP is the multi-year scheduling of identified and prioritized investments. The scheduling or
phasing of the plan is based on:
 Studies of fiscal resource availability (for new investments and O&M),

 Technical capacity for construction and O&M, and
 The choice of specific improvements to be carried out for a period of four to five years.
17.1 Institutionalizing CIP

The CIP is an important element and is significant in terms of the city’s management process and
sustainability with regard to the delivery of basic services. The CIP also provides a framework for the
annual budget cycle for the future 6-10 year period. The CIP identifies the roles and responsibilities of
various stakeholders in the implementation of identified projects. The CIP involves the identification of
public capital facilities to cater to the demand of the city population for the medium and long term
infrastructure needs.
The project identification has been carried out through a demand-gap analysis and the stakeholder
consultation. Further, project prioritisation and strategising of the investments/phasing of investment
are based on the strategies listed out under each service sector as identified through stakeholder
consultations.

The projects derived are aimed at ensuring the optimal and efficient utilisation of existing
infrastructure systems and enhancing the capacity of the systems/services to cater to the demands of
future population additions. Certain projects have been identified in consultation with the
stakeholders.
The CIP and forecasted future needs for provision of capital facilities under each identified sector are
presented below. These assets will help to universalise services for the current population as well as
accommodate the expected increase in population.
In sectors where long-term planning is required (for example, source development for water supply,
sewerage, etc.), a 25-year planning horizon is considered. Assets created in such sectors consider
the projected population in this horizon. These infrastructure assets would not only guarantee
services to the citizens but also signal a proactive commitment to potential investors considering the
region.
17.2 Water supply

As discussed in the water supply section in the previous chapters, the key challenges are system
losses due to old distribution network and uneven water supply distribution across the city. 100%
coverage of water supply network is observed w.r.t the existing roads within the CCP area though
only 79% of the total household have access to metered household connections. There is a lack of
proper mechanism in place for monitoring and evaluation of water losses which accounts results in
high NRW to of 35% at present. The gap analysis presents the current deficit in the system and future
requirement for the design year 2041.
Table 109: Water Supply Sector Plan
Sector Goals
 Provide 24 X 7 water supply
 The quality of the water should meet the CPHEEO standards.
Sector Goals  Undertake tariff revision and reduction to achieve 100% O&M cost
recovery
 Minimize the energy consumption during water supply operations
Design Parameters
 Base year as 2014 and design year as 2041
 Demand estimation based on the projected population for CCP plus the
surrounding out growth areas and additional 0.25 lakh population per day
(floating population)
 Daily water supply demand calculated on the basis of daily per capita
Design
water supply norm (135 lpcd plus the average water supply losses
parameters assumed in a decreasing trend)
 100% treatment capacity and minimum 33% of water supplied as storage
capacity
 Distribution network coverage – 100% in habitation areas
 Cost recovery through user charges (100% operation and maintenance
Demand Gap Assessment
Demand Gap Component Existing Gap 2021 2041
Assessment Levels (2014) (Short Term) (Long Term)

Demand Gap Demand Gap

Source (Daily 24.20 0.00 17.55 - 28.15 3.95
Supply in MLD)
Distribution 77.00 0.00 28.31 179.06 102.06
network
coverage (km)
Elevated 10.10 4.26 105.31 - 9.38 -
Demand
Storage capacity
GapAssessment
(MLD)
Treatment 24.2 0 5.85 - 28.15 -
capacity (% of
Water Supply)
Refurbishment - - - - - -
of old pipelines
Desired Outcomes
Component 2014 2017 2019 2021
Network coverage to 79% 90% 100% 100%
households
Per capita supply (lpcd) 198 135 135 135
Desired 24/7 water supply 25% 50% 70% 100%
Outcomes
Quality of water N.A. 100% 100% 100%
Non-revenue water 35% 30% 30% 30%
Consumer metering 100% 100% 100% 100%
Cost recovery N.A. 100% 100% 100%
Action Plans
Increase the  Increase water supply coverage through provision of individual service
household level connections with 100% coverage
coverage  Provide water supply to newly developed/developing areas and uncovered
areas.
Water Supply  This will mainly focus on partial or complete restoration of the existing
System network with new pipelines.
Rehabilitation  The old, defunct, and inadequate piping system needs to be replaced by a
Plan proper distribution network.
Comprehensive This will focus on adequate storage, distribution network and treatment facilities
Water Supply for future requirement.
Plan
 E Governance mechanism for various O & M functions as well as revenue
collections
 Develop the asset inventory.
Operation and
 Training calendar to be prepared and capacity building programmes for the
Maintenance
staff throughout the year on O&M of assets
Plan
 Trainings for expenditure control and reduction of O&M cost on key
services.
 Introduce water pricing to control its wastage
Monitoring and  Proper monitoring of the water distribution from the source to the water

Evaluation connections to avoid water losses due to various faults in the distribution
network
Awareness  Awareness programs/ campaigns to be conducted for optimizing the usage
Programmes of water.
17.2.1 Capital Investment Plan
Table 110: Projects identified– Water supply
Project Component Estimated Implementin

cost in Rs. g Agency
Crores
 Augmentation of 12.25 MLD additional

A. Source water source from River Khandepar by
Augmentatio 2041 for the city 18.62 PHED
n
 Provision of raw water pumping main
 Development of new ESR (7.38 MLD for
B. Elevated 2041) capacity
storage 16.99 PHED
Reservoirs  Shifting of utilities and rehabilitation of
existing reservoirs
C. Distribution  Laying of new water supply distribution
54.18 PHED
network network for 2041
 Measures for reduction of NRWDesign and
D. Other
implementation of SCADA system for
Investments
water supply in Panaji region
in water 8.37 PHED
Implementation of Training program of
based on
officials and comprehensive capacity
consultation
building on smart water management
Total investment (2041) 98.16
Total investment envisaged for 2021 93.56
Table 111: Projects Details – Water supply
Project Proposed Projects

A. Source  There is no gap in water supply at present in the existing
Augmentation water supply demand. However, in order to meet the future
requirement for the ultimate population of 2021 and 2041, the
city requires around 27.26 MLD of additional water for the
region including CCP. The existing water supply head works
at River Khandepar which is the present source should be
augmented.Hence source augmentation works of intake works
at Opa Reservoir and laying of raw water mains from Opa to
Altinho WTP in Panaji (1.5 km) are proposed.
B. Elevated storage  The future requirement for storage capacity for the design
Reservoirs year 2041 has been forecasted to cater to the desired water
supply.The capital investment has been envisaged for
development of new ESR (7.98 38 MLD for 2041) capacity,
shifting of utilities and rehabilitation of existing reservoirs. and
refurbishment of old ESRs.
C. Distribution network  It is recommended that the network in newly merged areas be


laid in an incremental manner in the dense settlements. The
system may be integrated with the existing transmission and
distribution system of the city. The investment has been
envisaged for laying of new distribution network requirement
for the 2041 demand. and replacement of the old network.
D. Other Investments  Various measures need to be taken for reduction of NRW.
in water based on This includes metering of the household connections, water
consultation auditing system, revision of water tariffs etc.
 Further, in order to prevent transmission and distribution
losses, regular water monitoring and SCADA system has
been proposed.
 The staff needs to be made well versed to use the E-
Governance tools and imparted knowledge of best practices
which has been done through capacity building programmes.
17.2.2 Possible intervention through PPP

The entire project from distribution to metering of water connections can be developed on Public
Private Partnership mode
 Under the PPP model the developer would invest PHED’s financial contribution and would
take care of any additional cost under the project
 Undertake implementation of capital works and O&M of system
 The entire project can be awarded for a period of 15 to 20 years
 Developers can bid on either tariff required to operate and maintain the project or annuity
support from PHED
PHED need to set performance parameters for the private developer which are required to oblige
during the contract period. The annuity payment should be a factor of performance parameters
achieved by the developer
 The performance parameters would in the area of PHED

 Maintaining daily hours of supply
 Maintaining supply levels as stipulated by PHED
 Maintaining quality of water as per CPHEEO norms
 Improvement in coverage of water supply connections
 Reduction in non-revenue water
 Improvement in collection efficiency
 Frequency of billing of water bills
 No. of complaints received
The above model is indicative. PHED would require to appoint a transaction advisor to undertake
adetailed feasibility assessment, preparation of bid documents (request for qualification – RFQ,
request for proposal – RFP), and bid process management leading to award of contract to a private
developer.Examples in PPP in water sector are listed below.
 Latur water supply – O&M contract

 Chandrapur – BOT
 Bhiwandi - BOT
 Mysore - BOT

 Salt lake Calcutta – BOT

 Khandwa – BOT
17.2.3 Phasing of Investment
Table 112: Project Phasing - Water Supply
Sector/ Invest 2014- 2015- 2016- 2017- 2018 2019 2020

Component ment 15 16 17 18 -19 -20 -21
(Rs.
crores
Water supply 93.56 16.48 22.07 27.27 20.61 5.62 0.00 0.00
Source Development
1 14.46 4.34 4.34 2.89 2.89 0.00 0.00 0.00
(daily supply)
Provide raw water
2 4.16 1.25 1.25 0.83 0.83 0.00 0.00 0.00
pumping main
Distribution Network (%
3 54.18 5.42 10.84 16.25 16.25 5.42 0.00 0.00
Roads Covered)
Shifting of utilities and
4 rehabilitation of 15.94 4.78 4.78 6.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
reservoirs
5 Reduction of NRW 1.05 0.32 0.32 0.21 0.11 0.11 0.00 0.00
Design and
implementation of
6 37 11 7 15 4 0.00 0.00 0.00
SCADA system for water
supply in Panaji region
Implementation of
Training program of
officials and
7 0.90 0.27 0.18 0.36 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00
comprehensive capacity
building on smart water
management
Note: The investments in the Water Supply sector are to be undertaken by the PHED functioning under the
States PWD. The above table presents the phasing of the investment based on the perspective of the
implementation of the project. However actual phasing need to be worked out by the department as per their own
financial condition.
The total investment envisaged for Water Supply system in the Revised CDP for the city is 98.16
st
crores for 2041 and 93.56 crores for 2021. However, under 1 Generation CDP under JNNURM, a
water supply improvement project has been proposed and under implemented in Panaji city and
surrounding areas by PHED. The approved project cost of the project is Rs. 71.22 crores. The project
covers the following components for the design year 2041.
 Augmentation of the Water supply source and transmission network
 Treatment capacity (including merged areas)
 Distribution System Management – Laying new pipelines and water supply distribution
infrastructure
 NRW reduction programme and Capacity Building
 E- Governance in O& M of water supply system
 PMC Consultancy cost

The project is taken up for implementation at present and covers all the components listed in the
Revised CDP except capacity building of the staff, awareness programmes and implementation of E-
governance system.
17.3 Sewerage and Sanitation

As discussed in the sewerage sector assessment, the key challenges are inadequate coverage of
underground drainage system and poor condition of the old sewerage network in the city. At present
the existing UGD system covers only the core city area with 56% coverage w.r.t the existing roads.
While the adjoining and outer areas of the city are devoid of sewerage system and mostly dependent
of the system of individual soak pits or septic tanks. Only 42% of households in the region have
access of sewer connection while 52% depend on soak pits. The ground water contamination is high
due to due to high water table observed within the cityusage of soak pit still prevalent. The public
toilets in the core city are inadequate considering the tourism activities within the city. At present there
is urgent need for rehabilitation of sewerage system pipelines and 100% sewerage coverage of
properties in the city. The gap analysis presents the current deficit in the system and future
Table 113: Sewerage and Sanitation Sector Plan
Sector Goals
 Develop efficient sewerage system across the city region having

100% coverage.
 Ensure 100% treatment of sewage generated and safe disposal
Sector Goals
 Explore the reuse and recycle of waste water to be used for various
purposes
 Maximize the cost recovery and collection efficiency
Design Parameters
 Base year as 2014 and design year as 2041

 Sewage generation – 80% of water supplied
 Treatment capacity – 100% of sewage generation
 Sewerage pumping systems – as per the system design and
Design topography of the city
parameters  Coverage of sewer network - 100% of road network in the city
 Household level coverage – Sewerage connections as percentage of
water supply connections (80-90%)
 Public toilets as per the requirement in the central business districts
and major city tourist locations

Demand Gap Component Existing Gap 2021(Short Term) 2041(Long Term)
Assessment Levels (2014)
UGD network 45.00 0.00 105.31 60.31 179.06 30.00
Demand (km)
GapAssessment Sewerage 15.07 4.29 14.04 0.00 22.52 7.45
Treatment

Plant (MLD)
Desired Outcomes
Component 2014 2017 2019 2021
Households covered
56% 70% 90% 100%
with UGD
Treatment capacity 77.8 85% 95% 100%
Desired Reuse and recycling of

N.A. 5% 10% 20%
Outcomes wastewater
Cost recovery on
N.A. 60% 80% 100%
sewerage services
Sewerage user
charges -collection N.A. 60% 70% 80%
efficiency
Action Plans
 Achieve 100% coverage of sewerage network within city region

 Replace the existing out-dated sewerage network in the CCP area
Comprehensive  Explore cost effective STPs to meet future demand and cater the
sewerage plan uncovered areas
 Laying of new pipelines as per the topography and appropriate
technology
 Provision of modernised public toilets at public places and markets
Institutional  Prepare the training calendar and provide capacity building programmes
strengthening and training to all the staff members on regular basis on O&M of assets
and capacity and using E Governance systems.
building
 Develop the asset inventory
 Proper mapping and GIS based data to be developed for easy updation
and better monitoring and evaluation of the system
Operation and
 E –Governance tools to be introduced for better O & M and M&E.
maintenance plan
 Conduct the workshops on sewerage sector to educate the citizens
 Increase the sewerage user charges to meet the O&M expenses for new
infrastructure to be developed
Recycling and  Recycling and reuse of the treated water for various purposes like urban
Reuse forestry, fire services, recharging the existing water bodies etc
Table 114: Projects identified– Sewerage and Sanitation
Estimated
Project Component cost in
Rs. crores
 Identification and replacement of the old sewage
collection pipes from the city area of Panaji and
A. UGD network 100.20
provision of the new pipelines through pipe bursting
method.

Estimated
Project Component cost in
Rs. crores
 Provision of the new collection network in the non-
15.00
covered areas of the CCP
B. Sewage Pumping  Up-gradation of the pumping stations based on the
30.00
stations vaccum pumping technology
C. Sewerage  Provision of 7.45 MLD additional sewage treatment
37.24
Treatment Plant plant by the end of 2041.
 Improvement of existing public toilets within the city (37
2.59
nos.)
D. Sanitation  Construction of new toilets with international design
6.00
standards (40 nos.)
 Provision of Bio / Mobile toilet vans 1.5
Table 115: Projects Details – Sewerage and Sanitation

A. UGD network  Replacement of old sewer network for a length of 30 kms within the
CCP area using pipe bursting technology.
B. Sewerage  Provision of new sewerage network in the uncovered areas of the city
Treatment Plant which includes a total length of 15 kms.
C. Sanitation  For a city like Panaji, where availability of land is a major constraint, a
technology like sequential batch reactor would substantially reduce
the area required per ML. It is estimated that the city requires about
7.45 MLD additional sewage treatment plant by the end of 2041
D. Other Sewerage  E-Governance system to be implemented for better O & M of the
and Sanitation services. Capacity building and regular knowledge sharing
Investments programmes to be introduced for better operations of the new
technologies and E-Governance tools.
 GIS mapping of the present sewerage system for database which will
assist in better and immediate detection of the ongoing problems/
wear and tear across the network.
 Awareness programmes for the locals for proper household level
sewage disposal, cleanliness of the public toilets etc.

The environment for implementing the PPP projects in the state is improving and there are
variousprojects in the urban infrastructure including the basic services water supply and sewerage
collection,being implemented under this mode. However appropriate pre-feasibility for implementing
suchprojects needs to be undertaken. In PHED following measures may be considered for improving
thesewerage services.
 Construction, O&M of STPs can be provided by PHED on Public Private Partnership

(PPP)mode. Under the PPP model the developer would

 Invest PHED’s financial contribution and would take care of any additional cost under
theproject
 Undertake implementation of capital works and O&M of system
 The project can be awarded for a period of 10 years
 PHED can ask private developer to consider selling of treated water as part of contract
 Developers can bid on annuity support from PHED
 PHED need to set performance parameters for the private developer to be obliged during
the contract period. The annuity payment should be a factor of performance
parametersachieved by the developer
 The performance parameters would in the area of
 Quality of treated water
 Number of closure days of STP
The above model is indicative. PHED would require appointing a transaction advisor to
undertakedetailed feasibility and preparation of bid documents (request for qualification – RFQ,
request forproposal – RFP) and bid process management leading to award of contract to private
developer.
 Examples of PPP in sewerage – Kolhapur STP project – Construction and O&M of STP on
BOT basis. Presently at bid process stage
Table 116: Projects Phasing – Sewerage
Sector/ Investm 2014- 2015- 2016- 2017- 2018- 2019- 2020-

Component ent (Rs. 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
crores)
Sewerage 151.22 16.60 32.43 22.35 21.30 32.47 11.17 14.90
Identification and
replacement of the
1 70.14 0.00 14.03 14.03 21.04 21.04 0.00 0.00
old sewage
collection pipes
Sewerage
2 Treatment (% of 37.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.17 11.17 14.90
water supply)
Provision of the
new collection
3 network in the 15.00 6.00 6.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
non-covered areas
of the CCP
Up-gradation of
4 the pumping 24.00 9.60 9.60 4.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
stations .
Improvement of
5 existing public 2.59 0.78 0.78 0.52 0.26 0.26 0.00 0.00
toilets
Construction of
new toilets with
6 2.25 0.23 2.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
international
design standards

Sector/ Investm 2014- 2015- 2016- 2017- 2018- 2019- 2020-

Component ent (Rs. 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
crores)
Provision of Bio / 0 45 60 45 0 0 0
7 150
Mobile toilet vans
The total investment envisaged for sewerage system in the Revised CDP for the city is Rs. 192.53
st
crores for 2041 and Rs.153.47 crores for 2021. However, under 1 Generation CDP under JNNURM,
a sewerage improvement project has been proposed for Panaji city and surrounding areas by PHED
and under process of DPR finalisation. The project covers the following components for the design
year 2041.
 Construction of Sewage Treatment Plant at Tonca, Ribander and Patto (39 MLD)
 Construction of Sewer Network
 Provision of Sewer Cleaning equipments
 Cost of Implementation of Environmental Management Plan
 Cost of PMC Consultancy
The project is under reformulation w.r.t the costing of the projects proposed in the DPR at present and
covers all the components listed in the Revised CDP except proposals of GIS mapping of sewerage
network, capacity building of the staff, awareness programmes, implementation of E-governance
system and construction/ improvement of public toilets.
17.4 Solid Waste Management

As mentioned in the previous chapters, 100% of the households are covered with SWM coverage and
around 65% waste of the total waste generated is being collected through door to door collection in
the city. The city has 100% household covered in door to door collection. The present SWM system is
well organised with segregation of waste at the source, sorting and disposal of dry waste and
decomposing of wet waste into manure for reuse.
However, the key challenges at present are inadequate infrastructure like composting units,
workshop, waste segregation centre, protective equipments for workers, good transportation vehicles
, scientific land fill site for disposal of inert waste and a scientific management of slaughter house. The
city surroundings area has yet to be included in the present system of SWM which is presently
dumping waste in open areas. The gap analysis presents the current deficit in the system and future
Table 117: Solid Waste Management Sector Plan
Sector Goals
 100% door-to-door collection and segregation of waste at source
Sector Goals  Maximize recycling and reuse capacity and minimize disposal at landfill
 Disposal mechanism should be followed as per the CPHEEO norms
Design Parameters
 All the households should be covered with the door-to-door waste
collection system.
Designparameters  Waste to be collected on daily basis from all sources
 Segregation of waste at source – (ensure 100% of waste would be
segregated at the source)

 Optimum fleet utilization (No. of trips/ vehicle/ day - average minimum of

2)
 Desired capacity of composting and processing facility-100% of
generated waste
 Desired landfill site– not more than 20% of the waste generated
Demand Gap Component Existing Gap 2021 2041
Assessment Levels (2014) (Short Term) (Long Term)
Vehicles for
transportation
of waste 73 0 71 0 175 102
(capacity in
MT)
Waste
Treatment 47 -2 71 24 175 128
(Tonnes)
Landfill (in
0 1 5 5 26 26
acres)
Desired Outcomes
Component 2014 2017 2019 2021
Door-to-door waste
100% 100% 100% 100%
collection
Segregation at source 100% 100% 100% 100%
Mechanised waste
Desired N.A. 60% 80% 100%
handling
Outcomes
Cost recovery of O&M 49% 80% 100% 100%
Complete
50% 100%
collection,
Private sector primary primary
No PPP transport,
participation waste waste
treatment,
collection collection
and disposal
Action Plans
Door-to-door  Door to door collection of waste on PPP basis and the new surroundings
waste collection areas of the city to be covered under door to door collection
 Coverage of 100% households with collection bins and wet waste
composting units
 Develop Public Private Participation (PPP) in collection, transportation &
Source disposal
segregation and
collection of waste  Provision of adequate SWM collection equipments and transportation
vehicles.
 Design and implementation of the scheme for promotion of waste
segregation at source from all possible sources.
Composting of  Development of transfer stations with compactors and recycling units
organic waste  Odour control of the compost plants across CCP area
 A regional landfill site with closure mechanism for inorganic wastes is to
Scientific landfill
be developed in accordance with the CPHEEO norms.

 Development if realtime monitoring system for the value chain of the

Monitoring
solid waste management within the city. The CCP should implement
systems
GPS and GIS based monitoring system for the SWM.
Table 118: Projects identified– Solid Waste Management
Project Component Estimated Implementing

cost in Agency
Rs. crores
 Provision of 37,842 numbers of push carts
A. Door-to-door 75.68 CCP
(1 push cart for 350 Household)
waste
collection  Odour Control of the Compost plants
1.50 CCP
across CCP area
B. Vehicle
Capacity
Required  Purchase of tractors, compactors, JCB and
12.81 CCP
(Vehicle heavy transport vehicles (10 nos.)
Carrying
Capacity)
 Development of transfer stations with
10.00 CCP
compactors and recycling units
C. Development
of Disposal  Provision of Scientific Landfill site as per
26.37 CCP
and Landfill the demand for 2041 – 26 acres
site (2031)
 Development of new centralized MSW
8.73 CCP
processing facility (80 TPD)
D. Capacity
building of  Proper training and capacity building
0.5 CCP
the SWM programmes for the SWM workers
staff
 Supply installation testing and
E. Monitoring
commissioning of IT based tracking and 0.72 CCP
systems
monitoring system for value chain of SWM
Total investment for 2041 138.81
Table 119: Projects Details– Solid Waste Management

A. Door-to-door  The components envisaged under primary collection are push carts (1
waste collection push cart for 350 Household)
 Odour control measures to be implemented for the household level as
well as community level composting units.
B. Vehicle Capacity  Investment has been proposed for purchase of tractors, compactors,
Required (Vehicle JCB and heavy transport vehicles.
Carrying
Capacity)
C. Development of  Development of transfer stations with compactors and recycling units


Disposal and  Development of new centralized MSW processing facility (80 TPD)
Landfill site  The area required for scientific landfill has been projected in view of
(2031) accumulated waste and future waste generation.It is assumed that on
development of treatment facility, about 50% of waste would be sent
for land filling. Accordingly, the investment has been envisaged for the
development of a landfill of 26 acres with required infrastructure
D. Other equipment  Equipments for transportation and collection of waste
E. IEC Programmes  Investment envisaged towards development of compost plant, waste
processing plant, RDF plant and Bio gas plant.
F. Capacity building  Capacity building programmes to train the SWM staff in the present
of the SWM staff ways of collection, transportation, segregation, processing and
disposal of solid waste generated..

The environment for implementing the PPP projects in the state is improving and there are
variousprojects in the urban infrastructure including the basic services water supply and sewerage
collection,being implemented under this mode. Substantial investment through private sector is also
happeningin managing the municipal waste in the city. However appropriate pre-feasibility for
implementing suchprojects needs to be undertaken. In CCP following measures may be considered
for improving thesewerage services.
 PPPs in SWM is in accordance to nature of work viz.,
 Collection and transportation of waste
 Processing of waste only
 Integrated including end to end scope in compliance with the MSW Rules
CCP can adopt PPP in collection and transportation of waste under which the privatedeveloper is
deployed to undertake door to door collection of waste from all residential andcommercial premises
 Such contracts can be awarded for 1 or 2 years and can be renewed based on performance
 CCP need to set performance parameters for the private developer to be obliged during the
contract period. The tipping fee should be a factor of performance parameters achieved bythe
developer. The performance parameters would in the area of
 Coverage of door to door collection of waste
 Amount of waste collected
 Complaints received
Table 120: Project Phasing -Solid Waste Management
Sector/ Investment 2014- 2015- 2016- 2017- 2018- 2019- 2020-

Component (Rs. Lakh) 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Solid Waste Mgmt 137.59 25.23 30.49 35.89 9.71 7.82 7.82 7.82
1 Vehicle
Capacity 12.81 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Required
(Vehicle


Component (Rs. Lakh) 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Carrying
Capacity)
2 Development of
Disposal and
26.37 5.27 7.91 13.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Landfilsite
(2041)
3 Provision of
push carts (1
75.68 15.14 15.14 15.14 7.57 7.57 7.57 7.57
push cart for
350 Household)
4 Purchase of
tractors,
compactors,
2.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
JCB and heavy
transport
vehicles.
5 Development of
transfer stations
with 10.00 3.00 3.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
compactors and
recycling units
6 Development of
new centralized
MSW 8.73 0.87 3.49 2.62 1.75 0.00 0.00 0.00
processing
facility
7 Odor Control of
the Compost
1.50 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
plants across
CCP area
8 IT based
tracking and
monitoring
72 0 36 36 0 0 0 0
system for
value chain of
SWM
9 Training and
capacity
50 0 15 15 15 5 0 0
building of
SWM vehicles
The total investment envisaged for solid waste management system in the Revised CDP for the city is
st
Rs.138.81 crores till 2041. However, under 1 Generation CDP under JNNURM, a DPR on solid
waste management improvement project has been proposed for Panaji city by CCPtaking into the
present gaps and future requirements till design year 2040. The approved project cost of the SWM
project for Panaji is Rs. 34.54 crores.The project covers the following components for the design year
2040.

 Collection, Storage & Transportation System - Primary Waste Collection and Storage and
Transportation Infrastructure
 Integrated MSW Processing Facility - Civil Works, Development of Landfill Cells, Mechanical,
Electrical & Instrumentation Works, Electrical & Instrumentation Works
 IEC and Capacity Building Activities for a Year
 PMC Consultancy
The project is approved and shortly would be taken up for implementation. It covers all the
components listed in the Revised CDP for improvement of SWM practices in the city.
17.5 Storm Water Drainage

The water resource department is in charge of the major outfall drains in the city while the and
construction and laying of new drains is under the PWD department. The CCP is responsible for the
maintainence of the existing roadside drains in the city. As discussed in the assessment of storm
water drainage sector, the CCP area storm water drainage network has been laid during the time of
Portuguese and still not rehabilitated.
The city experience flooding during the monsoons due to the rise in water levels of River Mandovi
which is located at same level. Many areas in the core city area get flooded during medium to high
intensity rains. The CCP commences regular repairs and cleaning of the storm water drains within the
core city but there is no effort yet to assess the carrying capacity of the present storm water drains
w.r.t the present outflow and the condition of the storm water drain network. The major reason for
flooding in the city is reduced carrying capacity of the storm water drains due to siltation, blockages in
the natural drains due to disposal of waste and sewage and degradation of natural barriers like
mangroves, water bodies, marshy lands etc. The gap analysis presents the current deficit in the
system and future requirement for the design year 2041.
Table 121:Storm Water Drains Sector Plan
Sector Goals
 100% Coverage of Storm water drainage in the city
 Efficient monitoring and maintenance of the storm water drains to avoid water
Sector Goals
clogging
 Proper rehabilitation and channelizing of major drains
Design Parameters
 Run off on all roads and link to major channels.
 Storm water drains as percentage of road length is considered as 100%.
Design
 Roads with dividers should have drains on either side of the road.
parameters
 100% of the storm water drains as pucca closed
 Size of drains to be designed according to the rainfall and runoff.
Component Existing Gap(2014) 2021(Short Term) 2041(Long Term)
Demand Levels Demand Gap Demand Gap
Gap
Road length
Assessment
covered with 77.00 71.70 100.01 23.01 173.76 96.76
drains (km)

Pucca
closed 77.00 21.51 30.0 70.01 52.13 0.00
drains (km)
Pucca open 0.00 50.19 70.01 70.01 121.63 121.63
drains (km)
Desired Outcomes
Component 2014 2017 2019 2021
Storm water drainage 100% 100% 100% 100%
network coverage
Desired Rehabilitation of existing
Outcomes N.A. 50% 80% 100%
pucca drains
Rehabilitation of existing
primary nallahs and primary N.A. 40% 60% 80%
drains
Action Plans
 Assessment of existing roadside surface drains within CCP limits
Storm water
 Identification of water logging areas, contour survey of areas
drainage
rehabilitation plan  Development of pre-monsoon maintenance plan to include cleaning and
desilting of the surface drains
Rehabilitation  Unregulated constructions and siltation along these channels hamper the
and drainage system during the monsoon.
strengthening of  Study and assessment of the natural drains, rehabilitation measures and
nallahs proper channelizing of the water to the sea.
 Mapping of the existing storm water drainage system
Up-gradation of  Assess the present carrying capacity of the drainage network and the
roadside storm condition of the drains.
water drains  Upgradation of the existing drains to the present requirement w.r.t
carrying capacity and surface improvement.

Table 122: Project Identified -Storm Water Drains
Project Component Estimated Implementing

cost in Rs. Agency
Crores
 Surface Improvement of the St.
A. Improvement
Inez nallah including cleaning,
of major 75.00 WRD
desilting, chaneelizing and
nallahs
conservation of its either sides.
 Rehabilitation of the existing strom
B. Laying of water drains
new pucca 60.81 WRD
drains  Provision of pucca open drains for
the design year 2041

Table 123: Projects Details – Storm Water Drains

A. Improvement of  The city has one major nallah viz. St. Inez, which act as primary
major nallahs drainage system. It is recommended to develop retaining walls
along nallahs that are more than 5 m wide.
B. Laying of new  Considering the norms for the storm water drains 121.63 km of
pucca drains drains are estimated to be provided as pucca open drains for the
design year 2041 while 70.01 km of drains by 2021.
C. Other Storm  Presently there is lack of proper data on the layout, condition and
water projects carrying capacity of the existing storm water drainage system Hence
a GIS Mapping has been proposed for covering the same.
 Similarly a detail assessment of the flooding pattern in the city
needs to be assessed to propose prior mitigation measures in the
city and design the future storm water drainage system.

The following are the tasks which may be taken up for implementation through PPProute in CCP and
PHED.
 Design, laying, project management and regular monitoring of storm water drains in the city
 Study Report on the existing storm water drainage system in the city
 GIS Mapping of the present storm water system within the city
Table 124: Project Phasing - Storm Water Drains

Component (Rs. crores) 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Storm Water drains 135.81 9.12 16.62 24.12 24.12 24.12 24.12 13.58
1 New Pucca Open
60.81 9.12 9.12 9.12 9.12 9.12 9.12 6.08
Drains
2 New Pucca Closed
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Drains
3 Improvement of St.
75.00 0.00 7.50 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 7.50
Inez Creek
4 Re-development of
the underground
10,000 4,000 3,000 3,000 0 0 0 0
drainage network in
the city
5 Provide rain water

harvesting
measures to restrict 800 320 240 240 0 0 0 0
the flow of water
during monsoons

The total investment envisaged for storm Water drains in the Revised CDP for the city is 243.81
st
crores for 2021 and 2041. Under the1 Generation CDP under JNNURM, there is a proposed project
for Development of St. Inez. Creek in Panaji and is under the process of review and approval from the
MoUD. The estimated project cost of the project is Rs. 19.56 crores.It is observed that the project
covers the following components.
 S. Inez Creek Drain starting from mouth of River Mandovi to culvert at Mirmary- Talegaon
road.
 Rehabilitation of Branch 1 and Branch 2 of St. Inez drain
 Beautification
 Sewer network along both the sides of the creek
 Service Road
The project is under the process of formulation of DPR and approval. The Revised CDP proposal for
improvement of major drains has been considered in this DPR for St. Inez drain.
17.6 Traffic and Transportation

The city of Panaji has only 5.45% of area under traffic and transportation which is highly inadequate
as per URDPFI guidelines. However, the present road network system covers entire residential and
commercial areas of the city. The city is observing high increase in 2 wheelers and 4 wheelers in
absence of proper public transport system. All the major roads have on-street parking, which reduces
the effective right of way. This creates high amount of congestion in the core city areas and other
major roads in the city. The roads too need to be aligned and designed properly with proper
segregation of pedestrian movement and parking areas. Multilevel parking facility is very essential to
restrict roadside parking causing hindrance to vehicular and pedestrian traffic.
Improvement of traffic junctions in the city is also estimated to be taken up on immediate basis for
better traffic movement within the city. The city’s regional connectivity w.r.t the waterways need to be
developed considering its huge potential. Considering the the city’s importance as tourist destination
eco mobility options needs to be developed and implemented for the commuting within the city. The
present street lighting system in the city is adequate however improvement projects of LED lights and
underground ducting of the electricity cables needs to be taken up in the future years in a phased
manner. The gap analysis presents the current deficit in the system and future requirement for the
design year 2041.
Table 125: Traffic and Transportation Sector Plan
Sector Goals
 Increase the share of public transport and minimize traffic congestion
 Minimize road accidents and improve the pedestrian related infrastructure
Sector Goals  Provide parking facilities across the city
 100% coverage of roads through public street lighting.
 Eco friendly modes of transportation in the city
Design Parameters
 At least 60% of the roads must have footpaths (i.e., roads of 20 feet and
Design above).
Parameters  As per development plan, 12% of land to be under roads.
 All roads have to be surfaced with about 15% being concrete roads.

 All major roads should have utility ducts for laying utility line in future (such
as telecom, gas, and electrical infrastructure).
 Streetlight spacing – should not be more than 30 m between each street
light poles
Component Existing Gap(2014) 2021(Short 2041(Long
Levels Term) Term)
Extension/Up-
gradation of
71.7 0 88.9 12.8 103 0
road network
(km)
Demand Gap
New Road
Assessment 0 0 88.9 12.8 103 26
network (km)
Junction
improvements 5 5 5 0 0 0
(nos.)
Multilevel
0 0 1 0 0 0
parking facility
Street lights 0 3462 4191 1572 4589 1942
Desired Outcomes
Component 2017 2019 2021
Desired % of surfaced roads 100% 100% 100%

Outcomes Reduction in travel time 80% 100% 100%
Transport safety 60% 80% 100%
Action Plans
 Comprehensive mobility plan has been prepared for the city which needs
to be taken up for implementation in phased manner.
Comprehensive  The dedicated cell/department for effective implementation of CMP in
mobility plan consultations with various departments concerned in the city
 Need to create a dedicated fund under the UMT and ensure regular
allocation of the funds for urban transport system.
Environmental Implementation of Public Bicycle Sharing (PBS) System for the entire city.
friendly
transportation
system
 Upgradation and provision of Ring Roads connecting the city to major

urban centres
 Development of alternate bridge across River Mandovi to ease the traffic
Development of on the existing Mandovi Bridge.
Regional  Improvement of the present KTC bus stand with good quality infrastructure
transport nodes and tourist facilities
 Improve the existing ferry system and develop the new ferry routes
connecting the city to the nearby places which have an advantage of
commuting over road connectivity.

 Dedicated bus transport service from major transport nodes viz. Dambolim
Airport, Karmali railway station and Madgaon railway station to the city.
 Development of interchange points at major transport nodes within the city
Provision of towards provision of interlinked efficient traffic movement pattern in the city
efficient public  Provision of new buses for city transportation
transport
system  Development of tram system with well planned routes/ loops interlinked to
the pedestrian zones in the core city area.
 Improvement of the bus routes and frequency of buses on these routes
 Provision of new bus stops as per the public requirements.
 Junction Improvement at major congestion areas within the city
 Improvement of the geometry of the roads w.r.t the alignment,
 Provision of foot over bridges across congested road sections
 Provision of traffic safety measures like zebra crossings, traffic signals,
electronic variable traffic signage etc
Traffic
Management  Propose a proper traffic movement plan in the city demarcating the one
Plan way and two ways as well as the pedestrian movement
 Installation of survelance and monitoring camers across all traffic signals
as well as busy junctions within the Panaji city and setting up a central
traffic monitorinc control center.
 Design, preparation, supply and implementation of the road and pavement
management system for roads under CCP area.
 Demarcation of on street paid parking zones in the city
Parking facilities
 Propose multilevel parking facilities within the core city area
Improvement of
the existing  Upgradation of the existing BT roads to CC roads within the city.
road network
 Provision of solar based LED lights within the core city

Energy efficient  Underground ducting of the electricity cables (core city area) for better
street lighting maintainence
system  SCADA for street lighting and implementation of day light savings
 Implementation of proposed solar city Master Plan for Panaji.
Table 126: Projects Identified -Traffic and Transportation
Project Component Estimated Implementi

cost in Rs. ng Agency
Crores
 Primary Ring Road - Improvement - Within
CCP: Stretch of DB road from IFFI
Junction through Mira Mar and down till
NIO junction
A. Upgradation
and provision  Primary Ring Road - Improvement - 361.38 PWD
of Ring Roads Outside CCP: Stretch from NIO Junction,
via talegaon church and Bambolim to
reach NH-17
 Secondary Ring Road - Improvement -
Secondary Ring -A Stretch from KTC


Crores
Junction to Ourem road as proposed in
ODP, around althino hill and reaching DB
road
 Secondary Ring Road - Improvement -
Secondary Ring -B Stretch from Raibandar
entrance way looping around to reach
NH-4A bypass
 All Ring Roads should be developed to be
compitable as a Light Bus Rapid Transit
System.
 NH-17 - Upgradation to 6 lane
 Bypass to NH-4A upgradation
B. New Bridges
 New Bridge across rived Mandovi (NH17) 260.00 PWD
and grade ramps for Panaji
 KTC Stand
 Domionoz Pizza Junciton
 Foot Bridge junction (Patto)
 IFFI Junction
C. Junction  NIO Junction
15.23 PWD
Improvements  Caculo Junction
 St.Inez Junction
 Adil Shah Junction
 Miramar Junction
 Betim Ferry Junction
 Rua de Ourem
 18th June Road
 Ormus Road as one way towards DB road
 AB Road
 MG Road
D. Road
Improvements
 Malaca Road 13.64 PWD
 DP Proara Road
 from Adil Shah towards Panjim church
 D V Road
 Fire Brigade Junction
 Avenida Teofila Braga Road
 At don bosco school for children (FOB
only)
E. Pedestrian
Crossings /  At Boat cruise point ( FOB+Escalator) 9.00 PWD
Table Tops  At Betim Fery Junction (FOB Only)
 At Ourem Creek south side (FOB only)
F. Public  Upgradation the roads and bus frequency 28.00 KTC
Transportation for better connectivity of public transport


Crores
- Route and system in the city The major routes
bus frequency proposed are St.Inez, Caranzalem &
upgradation Miramar, Central Panaji Market, Althino
and Bhatlem, Riabander, Dona Paula, Sao
Thome, Fountainhas, Portais, Mala and
Campal
 Karmali Station to Panaji (Light BRT)
Route & Bus upgradation
 Provision of new bus stops at Miramar
Junction, Parade Ground, NIO and Aiwaho
G. New Bus stops village 3.70 KTC
 Improvement of existing bus stops

H. New Buses for
Public
 Procurement of green fuel buses for the 12.00 KTC
city transport
Transportation
 Re-development of KTC bus stand area by
providing parking and ITC systems for
I. Re- better management of incoming and
development of outgoing bus fleets and additional
passenger amenities ( waiting area, inquiry 150.60 KTC
KTC bus stand
area systems, public announcement systems,
commercial areas etc..)
 PWD interchange hub design
J. Ferry Routes -  Betim-Panaji
Improvement of  Riabander-Chorao 3.51 RND
existing routes
 Riabander-Divar
 Old Goa-Divar-Ribandar-Panaji
 Divar-Chorao-Ribandar-Panaji
K. Ferry Routes -
New routes
 Divar-Chorao-Brittona-Panaji 3.66 RND
 Riabandar-Panaji
 Brittona-Panaji
 NIO Junction
 Miramar Junction
 Kala Academy Junction
L. Interchange  Betim Ferry Junction
Points  Boat Cruise Junction 2.64 PWD
Provision
 Chorao Jetty
 Divar Jetty
 Betim Side Jetty
 Brittona Side Jetty
M. Parking  Near Miramar Beach
Facilities – Paid
Parking
 Near NIO Junction 354.98 PWD
facilities  New Market Building parking


Crores
 parking on all perpendicular roads
 remove parking from parallel roads
 Grain Godown as parking space in Althino
 Parking near Riabander entranceway
 Developing ODP demarkated parking lots
 development of parking facility to reduce
the inward movement of vehicles in the
city (land based parking till 2021 (Rs.30
Cr) and mechanized parking in for
2041(Rs. 200 Cr)
 DB road to accommodate a 2m bicycle
lane along the river edge
 Purchase of bicycles for the PBS system
N. Public Bicycle (1040)
Sharing (PBS) 70.63 CCP
System  Purchase of Bicycle docking system
(1545)
 Installation of stations for PBS in Panaji
(66)
 Pedestrian Promenade along the DB road
O. Development of
Pedestrian  Pedestrian priority areas around historic 42.00 CCP
Plan areas like Panaji Church, Boca Da Vaca,
MiraMar Beach
 Installation of a traffic signal on foot bridge
junction (to Patto)
 one and two way systems to be
designated by 2015
 Road markings such as zebras at all major
junctions
 Signage (one ways, no parking, road
names, etc.)
 Provision of traffic signals on 20 junctions
P. Traffic in the city (Only Major junctions)
Management  Installation of survelance and mmonitoring 21.20 Traffic Cell
Plan camers across all traffic signals as we ll as
busy junctions within the Panaji city and
setting up a central traffic monitorinc
control center.
 Supply and installation of traffic signages
across the city including electronic variable
sign boards
 Design, preparation, supply and
implementation of the road and pavement
management system for roads under CCP
area
Q. Street lighting
 Provision adequate street lighting 133.36 GSEB
 Solar based LED Lighting (preference to

Crores
core city and main roads)
 Underground ducting of the electricity
cables (core city area)
 SCADA for street lighting and
implementation of day light savings
 Implementation of Solar City Master Plan
for Panaji as prepared in 2014

Following are the measures of improvement which may be taken up for implementation through PPP
route in CCP.
Parking complex on PPP basis
 Generally only parking towers are commercially not feasible; the feasibility can be improved
by introducing a mixed commercial land use – shops and offices
 Land to be provided on lease basis either for 25 – 30 years or for 70 years
 Role of private developer – construct, lease commercial space, collecting parking revenue,
operate & maintain the complex
 Bidding parameter – highest upfront premium to CCP (premium can be distributed over a
period of two years)
 Qualification criteria – experience in construction of commercial complex
Apart from this the collection of parking fees in the city for the allocated roadside parking areas can be
outsourced to private agency on contract basis.
Public Transport
The proposal for operation of battery operated vehicles within the city can be taken up on PPP basis.
KTC can be involved as the regulatory body for implementation of such operations. The contractor
should be selected on basis of its type of vehicles, routes operated, passenger facilities and revenue
generation.
Street- Lighting
 Role of private operator – install and maintain street-lighting

 Revenue to private operator – from advertising
 Incentive to private operator dependent on –
 Savings in energy bills
 No. of hours of operation of streetlights to be specified by Electricity Department
 No. of complaints received
The above models are indicative. Electricity Department would require appointing a transaction
advisor to undertake detailed feasibility and preparation of bid documents (request for qualification –
RFQ, request for proposal – RFP) and bid process management leading to award of contract to
private developer.

Table 127: ProjectPhasing -Traffic and Transportation

Component (Rs. 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
crores)
Traffic & 1130.87 21.19 287.22 286.73 202.97 203.30 18.10 19.10
Transportation
A Upgradation 290.28 12.96 66.10 66.10 58.06 58.06 14.51 14.51
and provision
of Ring Roads
1 Primary Ring 72.54 0.00 7.25 7.25 14.51 14.51 14.51 14.51
Road -
Improvement -
within CCP
2 Primary Ring 64.80 12.96 12.96 12.96 12.96 12.96 0.00 0.00
Road -
Improvement -
Outside CCP
3 Secondary Ring 48.48 0.00 14.54 14.54 9.70 9.70 0.00 0.00
Road -
Improvement -
Secondary Ring
-A
4 Secondary Ring 33.36 0.00 10.01 10.01 6.67 6.67 0.00 0.00
Road -
Improvement -
Secondary Ring
-B
5 NH-17 - 45.60 0.00 13.68 13.68 9.12 9.12 0.00 0.00
Upgradation to
6 lane
6 Bypass to NH- 25.50 0.00 7.65 7.65 5.10 5.10 0.00 0.00
4A upgradation
B New Bridges 260.00 0.00 78.00 78.00 52.00 52.00 0.00 0.00
1 New Bridge 260.00 0.00 78.00 78.00 52.00 5,200 0.00 0.00
across rived
Mandovi
(NH17) and
grade ramps for
Panaji
C Junction 15.23 0.00 4.57 4.57 3.05 3.05 0.00 0.00
Improvements
1 KTC Stand 2.70 0.00 0.81 0.81 0.54 0.54 0.00 0.00
2 Domionoz Pizza 0.93 0.00 0.28 0.28 0.19 0.19 0.00 0.00
Junciton
3 Foot Bridge 0.37 0.00 0.11 0.11 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.00
junction (Patto)


Component (Rs. 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
crores)
4 IFFI Junction 2.60 0.00 0.78 0.78 0.52 0.52 0.00 0.00
5 NIO Junction 2.18 0.00 0.66 0.66 0.44 0.44 0.00 0.00
6 Caculo Junction 0.69 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.14 0.14 0.00 0.00
7 St.Inez Junction 0.72 0.00 0.22 0.22 0.14 0.14 0.00 0.00
8 Adil Shah 0.78 0.00 0.23 0.23 0.16 0.16 0.00 0.00
Junction
9 Miramar 2.50 0.00 0.75 0.75 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00
Junction
10 Betim Ferry 1.75 0.00 0.53 0.53 0.35 0.35 0.00 0.00
Junction
D Road 13.64 0.00 4.09 4.09 2.73 2.73 0.00 0.00
Improvements
1 Rua de Ourem 3.00 0.00 0.90 0.90 0.60 0.60 0.00 0.00
2 18th June Road 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 Ormus Road as 0.52 0.00 0.16 0.16 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.00
one way
towards DB
road
4 AB Road 1.80 0.00 0.54 0.54 0.36 0.36 0.00 0.00
5 MG Road 2.40 0.00 0.72 0.72 0.48 0.48 0.00 0.00
6 Malaca Road 0.64 0.00 0.19 0.19 0.13 0.13 0.00 0.00
7 DP Proara 0.50 0.00 0.15 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.00
Road
8 from Adil Shah 0.58 0.00 0.17 0.17 0.12 0.12 0.00 0.00
towards Panjim
church
9 D V Road 1.60 0.00 0.48 0.48 0.32 0.32 0.00 0.00
10 Fire Brigade 1.60 0.00 0.48 0.48 0.32 0.32 0.00 0.00
Junction
11 Avenida Teofila 1.00 0.00 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.00
Braga Road
E Foot Over 5.00 0.00 150 150 100 100 0.00 0.00
Bridges
1 At don bosco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
school for
children (FOB
only)
2 At Boat cruise 3.00 0.00 0.90 0.90 0.60 0.60 0.00 0.00
point (
FOB+Escalator)
3 At Betim Fery 2.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.00
Junction (FOB


Component (Rs. 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
crores)
Only)
4 At Ourem Creek 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
south side (FOB
only)
F Public 25.00 0.00 7.50 7.50 5.00 5.00 0.00 0.00
Transportation
- Route and
bus frequency
upgradation
1 St.Inez 2.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.00
2 Caranzalem & 2.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.00
Miramar
3 Central Panaji 2.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.00
Market
4 Althino and 2.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.00
Bhatlem
5 Riabander 2.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.00
6 Dona Paula 2.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.00
7 Sao Thome 2.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.00
8 Fountainhas 2.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.00
9 Portais 2.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.00
10 Mala 2.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.00
11 Campal 2.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.00
12 Karmali Station 3.00 0.00 0.90 0.90 0.60 0.60 0.00 0.00
to Panaji (Light
BRT) Route &
Bus
upgradation
G New Bus stops 3.70 0.00 1.11 1.11 0.74 0.74 0.00 0.00
1 Miramar 0.80 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.16 0.16 0.00 0.00
Junction
2 Parade Ground 0.80 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.16 0.16 0.00 0.00
3 NIO 0.80 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.16 0.16 0.00 0.00
4 Aiwaho Village 0.80 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.16 0.16 0.00 0.00
5 Improvement of 0.50 0.00 0.15 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.00
existing bus
stops
H New Buses for 6.00 0.00 1.80 1.80 1.20 1.20 0.00 0.00
Public
Transportation
J Re- 150.60 0.00 45.18 45.18 30.12 30.12 0.00 0.00
development
of KTC bus


Component (Rs. 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
crores)
stand area
1 Re- 150.00 0.00 45.00 45.00 30.00 30.00 0.00 0.00
development of
KTC bus stand
area by
providing
parking and ITC
systems for
better
management of
incoming and
outgoing bus
fleets and
additional
passenger
amenities (
waiting area,
inquiry systems,
public
announcement
systems,
commercial
areas etc..)
2 PWD 0.60 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.12 0.12 0.00 0.00
interchange hub
design
K Ferry Routes - 3.51 0.00 1.05 105 70 70 0.00 0.00
Improvement
of existing
routes
1 Betim-Panaji 1.17 0.00 0.35 0.35 0.23 0.23 0.00 0.00
2 Riabander- 1.17 0.00 0.35 0.35 0.23 0.23 0.00 0.00
Chorao
3 Riabander- 1.17 0.00 0.35 0.35 0.23 0.23 0.00 0.00
Divar
L Ferry Routes - 1.46 0.00 0.44 0.44 0.29 0.29 0.00 0.00
New routes
1 Old Goa-Divar- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Ribandar-Panaji
2 Divar-Chorao- 0.73 0.00 0.22 0.22 0.15 0.15 0.00 0.00
Ribandar-Panaji
3 Divar-Chorao- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Brittona-Panaji
4 Riabandar- 0.73 0.00 0.22 0.22 0.15 0.15 0.00 0.00
Panaji
5 Brittona-Panaji 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
M Interchange 1.17 0 35 35 23 23 0 0
Points


Component (Rs. 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
crores)
Provision
1 NIO Junction 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 Miramar 0.29 0.00 0.09 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.00
Junction
3 Kala Academy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Junction
4 Betim Ferry 0.29 0.00 0.09 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.00
Junction
5 Boat Cruise 0.29 0.00 0.09 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.00
Junction
6 Chorao Jetty 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7 Divar Jetty 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 Betim Side Jetty 0.29 0.00 0.09 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.00
9 Brittona Side 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Jetty
N Parking 109.08 0.00 32.73 32.73 21.82 21.82 0.00 0.00
Facilities
1 Near Miramar 22.12 0.00 6.64 6.64 4.42 4.42 22.12 0.00
Beach
2 Near NIO 6.76 0.00 2.03 2.03 1.35 1.35 6.76 0.00
Junction
3 New Market 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Building parking
4 parking on all 2.50 0.00 0.75 0.75 0.50 0.50 2.50 0.00
perpendicular
roads
5 Restricting 3.00 0.00 0.90 0.90 0.60 0.60 3.00 0.00
parking on
parallel roads
6 Grain godown 5.20 0.00 1.56 1.56 1.04 1.04 5.20 0.00
to be developed
as parking
space in Althino
7 Parking near 6.11 0.00 1.83 1.83 1.22 1.22 6.11 0.00
Ribander
entrance way
8 Developing 33.40 0.00 10.02 10.02 6.68 6.68 33.40 0.00
ODP
demarkated
parking lots
9 Development of 30.00 0.00 9.00 9.00 6.00 6.00 30.00 0.00
parking facility
to reduce the
inward


Component (Rs. 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
crores)
movement of
vehicles in the
city
O Public Bicycle 70.63 0.00 21.19 21.19 14.13 14.13 0.00 0.00
Sharing (PBS)
System
1 DB road to 9.00 0.00 2.70 2.70 1.80 1.80 0.00 0.00
accommodate a
2m bicycle lane
along the river
edge
2 Purchase of 2.08 0.00 0.62 0.62 0.42 0.42 0.00 0.00
bicycles for the
PBS system
(1040)
3 Purchase of 46.35 0.00 13.91 13.91 9.27 9.27 0.00 0.00
Bicycle docking
system (1545)
4 Installation of 13.20 0.00 3.96 3.96 2.64 2.64 0.00 0.00
stations for PBS
in Panaji (66)
P Development 21.00 0.00 6.30 6.30 4.20 4.20 0.00 0.00
of Pedestrian
Plan and
1 Pedestrian 9.00 0.00 2.70 2.70 1.80 1.80 0.00 0.00
Promenade
along the DB
road
2 Pedestrian 12.00 0.00 3.60 3.60 2.40 2.40 0.00 0.00
priority areas
around historic
areas like
Panaji Church,
Boca Da Vaca,
MiraMar Beach
Q Traffic 11.20 0.00 3.36 3.36 2.24 2.24 0.00 0.00
Management
Plan
1 Installation of a 0.35 0.00 0.11 0.11 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.00
traffic signal on
foot bridge
junction (to
Patto)
2 one and two 0.35 0.00 0.11 0.11 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.00
way systems to
be designated
by 2015
3 Road Markings 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00


Component (Rs. 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
crores)
such as zebras
at all major
junctions
4 Signage (one 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
ways, no
parking, road
names, etc)
5 Provision of 5.00 0.00 1.50 1.50 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00
traffic Signals
on 20 junctions
in the city
6 Installation of 2.50 0.00 0.75 0.75 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00
Survelance and
monitoring
cameras across
all traffic signals
and setting up a
central traffic
monitoring
control center.
7 Supply and 300 0.00 0.90 0.90 0.60 0.60 0.00 0.00
installation of
traffic sinages
across the city
including
electronic
variable sign
boards
8 Design, 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
preparation,
supply and
implementation
of the road and
pavement
management
system for
roads under
CCP area
R Street lighting 133.36 8.96 8.96 8.47 3.47 3.80 3.60 4.60
1 Provision of 40.86 10.46 10.46 0.97 0.97 0.00 0.00 0.00
High power
street lights
2 Solar based 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.80 0.60 0.60
LED Lighting
(preference to
core city and
main roads)
3 Underground 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 3.00 4.00
ducting of the
electricity


Component (Rs. 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
crores)
cables (core city
area)
4 SCADA for 25.00 7.50 7.50 7.50 2.50 0.00 0.00 0.00
street lighting
and
implementation
of day light
savings
5 Implementation 91.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
of Solar City
Master Plan for
Panaji
The total investment envisaged for Traffic and Transportation (including the street lighting) in the
Revised CDP for the city is Rs.1602.76 Crores for 2041 and Rs. 1121.61 Crores for 2021. The
Revised CDP for Panaji has taken into consideration the project components proposed under various
study reports conducted viz. the Comprehensive Mobility Plan (CMP) for Panaji, DPR on Public
bicycle share for Panaji, Decongestion model for core city of Panaji and Solar city Master Plan for
Panaji.
17.7 Basic Services for Urban Poor

With respect to housing and basic services for the urban poor, the key challenges are proper
database on the number of urban poor, state of living, access to infrastructure facilities and economic
activities. In absence of the same it is very difficult to bring this section of people under the urban
renewal programme.
The pucca low cost housing should be provided to the urban poor in the city. Further, the service
levels should be improved such that the urban poor section/ localities should have access to water
supply, sewerage, door-to-door waste collection, CC roads and street lighting facilities. The gap
analysis presents the current deficit in the system and future requirement for the design year 2041.
Table 128: Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation Sector Plan
Sector Goals
 Improve the access to physical and social infrastructure to urban poor
section
Sector Goals
 Develop affordable housing for 100% urban poor population in the city
 Develop livelihood strategies to improve the work force participation
Design Parameters
 New houses to households living in kutcha houses and dilapidated
structures in low lying areas and along water front.
Design  Water Supply –Individual house service connections to all the slum
parameters households or group connections
 Sewerage - Individual house service connections
 Sanitation – Community toilets

 Solid Waste Management- Coverage of all slum households under door-to-

door collection and awareness campaigns on source segregation
Component Existing Gap 2021 2041
Levels (2014) (Short Term) (Long Term)
Demand Gap Demand Gap Demand Gap
Assessment
Housing for urban
poor H/h residing in 1010 - 200 - 700 -
Kutcha houses
Desired Outcomes
Component 2017 2019 2021
Housing for the urban poor 60% 100% 100%
Adequate access to water supply 80% 100% 100%
Access to open drains 80% 100% 100%
Desired
Outcomes Access to sanitation 80% 100% 100%
% of CC roads 90% 100% 100%
Access to UGD 40% 80% 100%
Access to health and education
80% 100% 100%
facilities
Action Plans
Categorization  The urban poor pockets in the CCP are to be surveyed to understand the
of slums status of infrastructure and its socio economic profile
Rehabilitation
of slums
 Pucca housing in the feasible location in the city surroundings
Construction  The slums in low lying areas and along the natural drains could be proposed
of housing for relocation.
 Awareness programme to impart information about cleanliness and health
Access to safety measures in the urban poor section
health and  Access to primary health services to the BPL population.
education
 Access to educational facilities like primary, secondary schools, adult
education for the urban poor section
Livelihood
restoration
 Activity centres to be established for skill development programmes
Table 129: Project Identified -Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation
Estimated cost
Project Component
in Rs. Crores
A. Study and  Study and Assessment of the Urban poor section
Analysis of the with mapping of all the urban poor pockets, its
1.0
Urban Poor access to infrastructure, land ownership and socio
section in the city economic survey

Estimated cost
Project Component
in Rs. Crores
B. Housing and  New housing and infrastructure requirement for 200
infrastructure nos. of households has been projected for the year 7.00
development 2021.
C. Livelihood  Vocational training for employment generation and 1.5
development development of social security mechanisms
D. Social  Development of primary schools, health care 1.5
infrastructure centres, and community halls
Table 130: Project Details -Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation

A. Study and Analysis  Presently the city is not having any declared/ undeclared slum
of the Urban Poor pockets. However, in absence of proper updated data of urban poor
section in the city section it is difficult to scale their extent. Hence, study and
assessment of the urban poor section with mapping of all the urban
poor pockets, its access to infrastructure, land ownership and socio
economic survey should be taken up on priority basis.
B. Housing and  Relocation of the urban poor pockets from the low lying areas of the
infrastructure city should be done in low cost housing system to be proposed in
development the outgrowth areas of the city. New housing and infrastructure
requirement for 200 nos. of households has been projected for the
year 2021.
C. Livelihood  Vocational training for employment generation and development of
development social security mechanisms for the economic upliftment of the urban
poor.
D. Social  Development of primary schools, health care centres, and
infrastructure community halls for the urban poor section in the city has been
proposed.

Table 131: ProjectPhasing -Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation
Sector/ Component Investment 2014- 2015- 2016- 2017- 2018- 2019- 2020-
(Rs. 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
crores)
Urban Poor 11.00 0.50 1.90 2.48 2.93 2.23 0.68 0.30
1 Slum Housing 7.00 0.00 1.40 2.10 2.10 1.40 0.00 0.00
2 Livelihood
1.50 0.00 0.00 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.00
development
3 Social infrastructure
1.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.45 0.45 0.30 0.30
for urban Poor
4 Study and
Assessment of urban 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
poor pockets
The total investment envisaged for housing and urban poverty alleviation in the Revised CDP for the
city is 11.00 crores for 2021 and 2041. Under JNNURM, DPR for Basic Services for Urban Poor
(BSUP) was prepared and sent to MoUD which got approval though detail study report was asked
from CCP. But the delay in putting across the details as asked by MoUD the project perios lapsed and
was cancelled by MoUD. However, the proposal has been reconsidered in the Revised CDP For
Panaji so that it can be taken up under the new urban development mission of the central
government.
17.8 Urban Environment and Disaster Management

The city of Panaji presently is still under the limits of pollution levels and has adequate number of
open spaces within its area. However, growing number of vehicles will contribute considerable noise
and air pollution in the coming years. The present city level water bodies are not yet taken up for
conservation and preservation. There is no initiative towards eco friendly means of transport within the
city. The city is prone to various natural and manmade disasters on account of its geographical
location and topographical features. The city has not witnessed any major natural disaster till date
however, flooding during monsoon is observed in monsoons. The city is also prone to manmade
disasters like fire accidents and road accidents which given the highly dense city pattern can cause
heavy damage to human life as well as the structures in the city which mostly possess heritage value.
The District Disaster Management Plan has been formulated which covers the city of Panaji.
However, the CCP involvement has been limited.The following action plan has been suggested to
improve the quality of urban environment and disaster management mitigation within the city limits.
Table 132: Urban Environmentand Disaster Management Sector Plan
Sector Goals
 Conservation and Development of the city level open spaces and water
bodies
Sector Goals  Increase the green cover of the city with urban forestry
 Measures to be implied for reduction in air, water and noise pollution in
the city

 Adoption of disaster management measures and climate change

resilience actions at city level
Desired Outcomes
Component 2017 2019 2021
Preservation of water bodies 50% 75% 100%
Desired Outcomes
Beautification at the water
50% 75% 100%
bodies
Action Plans
Mapping of
ecological features  Preparation of study report on the ecologically sensitive areas and
features in the city and measures to restrict its future degradation
Eviction of
encroachments  Participatory approach for resettlement of encroachments around the
Natural drains and other water front low lying areas
Pollution mitigation  Increasing the green cover and buffer zones in the city to mitigate air
strategies pollution in the city
 CCP in collaboration with Electricity Department should propose energy
saving measures like solar signalling and solar street lighting system
Energy
 Promote CNG vehicles and buses by incentivisation and propagating
public awareness towards its usage
conservation
 Low emission scooters/ mopeds, bicycles to be introduced to commute
within the city for the tourists as nominal rental and hourly basis
promoting its usage.
 Regular monitoring of air quality, water quality (surface and ground), and
Impact assessment noise pollution
and monitoring  Carrying out environmental impact assessment prior to implementation
of infrastructure projects
 Making Panaji city equipped with disaster resilient measures
 Development of control room or city level service center
Disaster
Management  Development of emergency control responsive system
 Developing disaster preparedness for the conservation of the heritage
sites and structures
 Mapping the climate change activities, the ecological features and the
flood prone areas within the city on regular intervals.
 Introducing low energy consuming options like energy efficient street
lighting and low emission options of mobilityto be introduced in CCP
Climate Change limits
 Creating awareness amongst citizens on suitable renewable energy and
energy efficiency technologies
 Setting up a climate change cell for the city
 Awareness programmes and workshops to make the locals and tourists
Awareness about the conservation of city environs
Programmes  Initiating people’s participation in planting trees within the city area,
cleanliness programmes and use of non motorised vehicles

Table 133: Projects Identified - Urban Environment and Disaster Management
Estimated
Project Component cost in Rs.
Crores
A. Rejuvenation of  Development and beautification ofMala Lake as 3.0
water bodies city level recreational area.
 Preparation of Study report mapping and
B. Mapping of assessing the status of existing natural features
ecological features within the city. 2.0
in the city  Propose Environmental Conservation Plan for
the city.
C. Pollution mitigation  Urban forestry measures in order to increase the 2.0
strategies green cover in the city
D. Awareness
programmes  Public awareness programme for the public 1.0
E. Disaster  Establishment of Disaster management cell at 5.0

Management Cell CCP with emergency response system
F. Climate Change  Setting up a climate change monitoring station 50
Reseliance for Panaji
Table 134: Projects Details - Urban Environment and Disaster Management
Proposed Projects Details
A. Rejuvenation of  Development of Mala lake with proper cleaning, construction of

water bodies bund wall, landscaped garden area with recreational facilities,
fencing, parking etc.
B. Mapping of  Study report mapping and assessing the present state and future
ecological features threats of the existing natural features within the city. Environmental
in the city Conservation Plan to be proposed on its lines to ensure further
degradation of these features and regularly monitored
C. Pollution  Plantation of trees along major roads and residential areas and
mitigation landscaping of the traffic islands/ dividers as well as the footpaths.
strategies
D. Disaster  Disaster management cell to be established at CCP to act as the

Management Cell nodal point for all emergency related activities in the city.
 Installation of communication devices to facilitate information
dissemination on natural disasters.
 Building regulations to be made strict to make fire fighting measures
mandatory for commercial and institutional buildings.
E. Awareness  Public awareness programme for preservation of city environment
programmes and explaining the threats of pollution in future to be conducted
 Awareness among the people of the measures to be followed in


case of disasters like fire accidents, floods and road accidents.
F. Climate Change  Setting up a climate change monitoring station for Panaji
Table 135: Project Phasing - Urban Environment and Disaster Management
Sector/ Investment 2014- 2015 2016- 2017- 201 2019 202

Component (Rs. crores) 15 -16 17 18 8-19 -20 0-21
Urban Environment &

63.00 12.65 15.70 15.70 17.50 1.25 0.10 0.10
Disaster Management
1 Rejuvenation of water
3.00 0.00 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.00 0.00
bodies
2 Mapping of ecological
2.00 0.80 0.60 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
features in the city
3 Pollution mitigation
2.00 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.00
strategies
4 Awareness
1.00 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10
programmes
5 Setting up a disaster
management cell at 5.00 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 0.00 0.00 0.00
City Level
6 Setting up a climate
change monitoring 50.00 1.000 12.50 12.50 15.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
station for Panaji
The total investment envisaged for urban environment and Disaster Management in the Revised CDP
for the city is Rs.63.00 crores for 2021 and 2041.
17.9 Social Infrastructure

As discussed in the assessment chapter, the city is well equipped with social amenities at present.
There are adequate number of parks within the city but lack proper infrastructure and recreational
facilities to serve as breathing space for the locals. The health and educational facilities in the city are
adequate for present need but will be inadequate for the future needs. The city lacks proper market
facilities for wholesale commodities traded daily from the neighbouring areas. At present these
activities are located within the core city which causes lot of congestion in the city. Moreover, the
required infrastructure for such markets like loading unloading area, parking for goods vehicles,
storage etc cannot be provided. The following action plan has been suggested to improve the social
and cultural infrastructure within the city.
Table 136: Social Infrastructure Sector Plan
Sector Goals
Sector Goals  Provision of adequate social amenities for the present and future need
of the city

Demand Gap analysis

In order to estimate the demand and gap analysis in the social and cultural infrastructure, the
forecast has been carried out as per the URDPFI guidelines. The parameters and demand-gap
analysis for social and cultural infrastructure have been presented in section 6 of this report.
Action Plans
Augmentation of
education
 Provision of educational facilities lacking at present as well as required
for the future demand.
infrastructure
Augmentation of  Mapping of the existing health care facility and development of
healthcare infrastructure on hierarchical basis for the present as well as future
infrastructure needs.
Development of  Improvement of the city parks with good landscaping and developing
Open spaces recreational activities to attract tourists
Redevelopment of  Development of market area for wholesale goods and godowns located
old market areas in city core
Table 137: Projects Identified - Social Infrastructure
Estimated cost in
Project Component
Rs. Crores
A. Education  Development of Educational infrastructure 5.0

B. Health  Development of Health care infrastructure 3.0
 Improvement of the CCP parks with good

C. Parks landscaping and developing recreational activities 21.0
to attract tourists
D. Markets  Development of market area for wholesale goods 5.0

and go downs located in city core
Table 138: Project Details – Social Infrastructure
A. Education  The city is well equipped with good educational facilities. However, for
the future needs of the city development of educational facilities have
been taken into account for the city
B. Health  The health facilities in the city are good and serve the city as well as the
surrounding areas. Considering the increase in demand in future the
health care infrastructure has been proposed for the city.
C. Parks  The city has adequate number of parks and playgrounds. However, the
city level parks are not well maintained to serve the residents. Hence, it
is proposed for improvement of the CCP parks with good landscaping
and developing recreational activities to attract locals as well as tourists.

D. Markets  Development of market area for wholesale goods and go downs located
in city core in the city outskirts. Proper commercial and market area with
facilities like truck parking, loading and unloading area, market complex
etc has been proposed

 Improvement of the city parks with good landscaping and developing recreational activities to
attract tourists
 Development of market area for wholesale goods and godowns located in city core
Table 139: Project Phasing - Social Infrastructure

Sector/Component Investment 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
(Rs. crores) -15 -16 -17 -18 -19 -20 -21
Social Infrastructure 23.50 4.40 4.40 6.00 3.90 1.60 1.60 1.60
1 Development of 5.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Educational
infrastructure
2 Development of 3.00 0.00 0.00 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60
Health care
infrastructure
3 Improvement of the 10.50 3.15 3.15 3.15 1.05 0.00 0.00 0.00
CCP parks
4 Development of 5.00 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 0.00 0.00 0.00
market area for
wholesale goods and
godowns
The total investment envisaged for Social Infrastructure in the Revised CDP for the city is Rs. 34.00
crores for 2041 and Rs. 23.50 Crores for 2021.
17.10 Tourism and Heritage Development

The city lacks tourist activities highlighting the art, culture and heritage of the city which is one of its
most important resources of the state to the tourists which merely look for beach tourism. The city
also does not have good quality tourist infrastructure like well designed signages, modernized public
toilets, well designed pedestrian walkways, reliable public transport system etc. The city level tourist
spots needs to be developed which will enhance the tourist experience within the city.
Table 140:Tourism and Heritage Sector Plan
Sector Goals
 Develop city level spots and locations as recreational and public spaces
Sector Goals
 Conservation and revival of the important heritage areas within the city

 Provision of adequate tourist amenities

Action Plans
 The city of Panaji is major tourist hub in the state. Large number of
Development of the tourists halts in the city and commutes daily to the various tourist spots
city level spaces around. However, the city lacks well planned public spots and areas
which can offer the tourist an insight into the city life and environs.
Development of  The city level tourist amenities needs to be made modernised. Provision
of signage in the city as well as major tourist spots in the city needs to be
Tourist amenities
done on priority basis.
Development of
 Panaji possesses some of the unique heritage character which was
developed during the time of Portuguese rule. This heritage of the city
Heritage areas
needs to be revived to enhance its identity and attract more domestic as
within the city
well as foreign tourists which come mostly for leisure tourism.
Table 141: Projects Identified - Tourism and Heritage
Estimated cost in
Project Component
Rs. Crores
A. Recreational  Development of the River side road from Miramar 32.40

to patto (8 km)
 Improvement of hill steps at 14 Locations

 Panaji Church to Altinho Road (Father Agnelo
Road)
 St. Inez to Altinho Road via Factories & Boilers
 Altinho down below Boca - de - Vaca area
 Mala Altinho near Maruti Temple
 St. Inez - St. Inez Church - Hindu Crematorium
------ near Ganpathi Temple
 Altinho Bhatlem ---- near Government Quarters
B. Heritage  Altinho - down below Mala area 8. Behind 58.00
Panaji Main Church Hall ----- backside area
 Cortin Panjai Road
 Ribandar Ajuda Church - one way road side
 Near Bal Bharathi School Ribandar
 Dona Paula Raj Bhavan Road ---- Aivao area
 Dona Paula Jetty road
 St. Inez behind T.B. Hospital
 Development of Mala Heritage Area

 Cultural and Heritage centre
 Improvement of the Dona Paula area
C. Recreational 150.0
 Development of Oceanarium
D. Tourist  Provision of adequate tourists signage within the 2.50
Amenities city

Project Component Estimated cost in

Total investment (2041) Rs. Crores
242.90
Table 142: Projects Details - Tourism and Heritage
Recreational  Development of the River side road from Miramar to Patto (9 km) -
landscaping, , street furniture, sitting areas, open cafeteria, lighting etc
Heritage  Improvement of hill steps at Cortini with proper paving, sitting, lighting,
landscaping etc.
 Development of the Mala Heritage Area with proper area planning,
conservation policies and measures for improvement of the major
features and structures
 Development of Cultural and Heritage centre showcasing the culture,
cuisine, traditions, festivals, lifestyle and local arts of the state.
Recreational  Improvement of the Dona Paula area - sound and light show, cultural
shows, local cuisine, landscaping and recreational areas.
 Development of Oceanarium with recreational facilities like water park,
food court, water sports facilities etc.
Tourist Amenities  Provision of adequate signage indicating the destinations located in
the circuit at major traffic junctions and tourist destinations in city

 Development of the River side road from Miramar to Patto (8 km) landscaping, sitting areas,
open cafeteria, lighting etc.
 Development of Oceanarium with recreational facilities
 Development of Cultural and Heritage centre
Table 143: Project Phasing -Tourism and Heritage

(Rs. -15 -16 -17 -18 -19 -20 -21
crores)
Tourism and Heritage 147.90 1.00 16.00 20.75 42.96 31.72 22.97 12.50
1 Development of the
River side road from
32.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.96 9.72 9.72 0.00
Miramar to Patto (8
km)
2 Improvement of hill
35.00 0.00 8.75 8.75 8.75 8.75 0.00 0.00
steps at 14 Locations
3 Improvement of the
50.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.50 12.50 12.50 12.50
Dona Paula area
4 Provision of signage 2.50 1.00 0.75 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00


(Rs. -15 -16 -17 -18 -19 -20 -21
crores)
for tourist circuit
5 Development of Mala
3.00 0.00 0.00 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.00
Heritage Area
6 Development of
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Oceanarium
7 Cultural and Heritage
20.00 0.00 6.00 6.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Centre
8 Development of Eco-
Tourism (Bio-
5.00 0.00 .50 4.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Diversity walk) in
CCP area
The total investment envisaged for Tourism and Heritage in the Revised CDP for the city is Rs.247.90
crores for 2041 and Rs.147.90 crores for 2021. Detail Study report has been prepared for Mala
Heritage area which has been included in the Revised CDP proposal under Heritage and Tourism
sector.
17.11 Urban Governance

The CCP and state level departments form the urban governance system for the city of Panaji. The
CCP role has been limited in the provision of urban infrastructure facilities in the city. However, the
CCP is major governing authority for various functions like building approvals, property tax collections,
issuing death and birth certificates and O & M of city infrastructure viz. SWM, storm water drains,
urban poverty alleviation etc. The CCP has been making efforts towards the improvement of urban
governance by adopting new measures and tools like DEAS. However, there is no practice of
preparing the outcome of performance budget in the CCP.There is no separate budget prepared for
the urban poor in the city. CCP has not carried out any property survey, and even the general
assessment has not been done since last 5-6 years. It doesnot maintainrecords of properties as per
its use viz. residential or commercial. The CCP staff needs substantial capacity building to increase
their understanding towards outcome and performance budgeting as well as public financial
management.
Table 144: Urban Governance Sector Plan
Urban Governance
Action Plans Activities
Property tax survey and  Reassess the property valuation and levy of property tax based on
reforms implementation best practices.
 Detailed study to be carried on property tax to identify the grey
areas and further improve the coverage and collection efficiency
E-Governance reforms  Implementation of the DPR prepared for development of E-
implementation Governance in CCP.
 Mapping of all infrastructure services on GIS (Water Supply,
Sewerage, Storm Water etc.)
Capacity building and  Undertaking business process re-engineering excercies for CCP

Urban Governance
training  Preparation of training needs assessment, training curriculum,
identification of training institutions. Support is also required in
preparation of IEC material on various subjects.
 Trainings to both technical and non-technical staff is required on
basic accounting principles, DEAS, GIS and other software
modules.
 Trainings to be imparted for preparation of note sheets,
measurements book and various business rules.
Table 145:Projects Identified – Urban Governance
Estimated cost
Project
in Rs. Crores
 Property tax survey and reform implementation 3.50
 E – Governance system 19.79
 Capacity building and training programmes for CCP staff 5.00
 Undertaking business process re-engineering for CCP 1.00
Mapping of all infrastructure services on GIS (Water Supply, Sewerage,

2.50
Storm Water etc.)

Table 146: Project Phasing – Urban Governance

(Rs. crores) -15 -16 -17 -18 -19 -20 -21
Urban Governance 29.29 5.56 5.76 5.16 4.91 4.91 0.25 0.25
1 Property tax survey
and reform 3.50 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.00 0.00
implementation
2 Implementation of E –
Governance system 19.79 3.96 3.96 3.96 3.96 3.96 0.00 0.00
for CCP
3 Capacity building and
training programmes 2.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
for CCP staff
4 Undertaking business
process re-
1.00 0.40 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
engineering excercies
for CCP


(Rs. crores) -15 -16 -17 -18 -19 -20 -21
5 Mapping of all
infrastructure services
on GIS (Water Supply, 2.50 0.00 0.75 1.00 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sewerage, Storm
Water etc.)
The total investment envisaged for Improvement of Urban Governance system in the Revised CDP for
the city is 31.79 crores for 2041 and Rs 29.29 crores for 2021. However, under 1st Generation CDP
under JNNURM, DPR for E – Governance had been prepared with estimated cost of 19.79 crores and
approved by MoUD in 2013. The DPR has not yet taken up for implementation. Hence, the project
has been included in the Revised CDP proposal under Urban Governance sector.
17.12 Summary of Capital Investment

The total estimated capital investment required for providing efficient services to the present
population and future population of the city by the year 2041 is Rs. 2501.52 crores. A total of Rs.
1857.46 crores are proposed for investment by 2020-21 to cater to priority infrastructure requirement.
The table below presents the summary of sector-wise total investment need and investments.
Table 147: Summary of capital investment (Rs. Crore)
Sr Sector Short Term Long Term Total

no (Till 2021) (2021-41)
1 Water Supply 93.56 4.60 98.16
2 Sewerage & Sanitation 153.47 39.06 192.53
3 Urban Roads, Traffic & Transport 988.24 364.66 1,352.90
4 Storm Water Drains 243.81 - 243.81
5 Street Lights 133.36 116.50 249.86
6 Solid Waste Management 138.81 - 138.81
7 Urban Environment and Disaster Management 63.00 - 63.00
8 Urban Governance 29.29 2.50 31.79
9 Tourism and Heritage 147.90 100.00 247.90
10 Social Infrastructure 23.50 10.50 34.00
11 Housing and Urban Poverty alleviation 11.00 7.00 18.00
Total 2,025.96 644.82 2,670.77
The sectors of tourism, heritage, traffic and transportation, have been given the highest priority.
Hence, 59.94% of the total investment (50.66% for transport and 9.28% for Tourism and Heritage)
has been earmarked towards the projects under these sectors. This is followed by the sectors of
water supply (3.68%), sewerage and sanitation (7.21%), urban environment and disaster
management (2.52%), and solid waste management (5.20%).
As discussed earlier the sector of water supply, sewerage, solid waste management, traffic and
st
transportation and urban poor has been prioritized by CCP in the 1 Generation CDP. The project

reports have been prepared and approved for implementation taking into consideration the city’s
requirement till 2041. Hence this CDP has taken into consideration projects under other sectors in
priority. The sector-wise breakup of investment identified for 2021 is presented in the graph below.
Figure 61: Capital investment for 2021 (figures in Rs. Crores)
Investment Need (Rs. Crores)
Housing and Urban Poverty

11
18
alleviation
Social Infrastructure 34
Tourism and Heritage 248
Urban Governance 32
Urban Environment and Disaster
63
Management
Solid Waste Management 139 139
Street Lights 133 250
Storm Water Drains 244 244
Urban Roads, Traffic & Transport 988 1353
Sewerage & Sanitation 153 193
Water Supply 94 98
0 500 1000 1500 Rs. Crores
Investment Need up to 2020-21 Total Investment Need
17.13 Composition of investment

The following agency would be responsible for implementing the projects identified in the CDP.
City Corporation of Panaji (CCP) – CCP would be responsible for design, construction, operation
and maintenance of solid waste management system, development works proposed for urban poor
section, enhancement of the urban governance system, conservation of the city level ecologically
sensitive areas and provision of city level infrastructures viz. public toilets, commercial markets,
parking facilities, improvement of city level parks etc. CCP would be the implementing agency for the
Projects identified in the above mentioned sectors. In the overall investment, CCP has to contribute
17.03% of total investment.
Public Health and Engineering Department, Goa (PHED) – It would be responsible for design,
construction, operation, and maintenance of water supply and sewerage system. PHED would be the
implementing agency for the projects identified in the above mentioned sectors. In the overall
investment, PHED has to contribute 12.92% of total investment.
Public Works Department (PWD) / Goa State Infrastructure Development Corporation (GSIDC)
– It would be responsible for design, construction, operation, and maintenance of the city roads as
well as the design and construction of new strom water drains within the city. PWD/GSIDC will be
implementing agency for the proposed projects for provision of new roads, improvement of surface

condition of existing roads and improvement of the SWD system in the city. In the overall investment,
PWD has to contribute 38.55% of total investment.
Goa State Electricity Board (GSEB) - It would be responsible for design, construction, operation,
and maintenance of street lights within the city. GSEB would be the implementing agency for the
projects identified for improvement of street lighting system within the city. In the overall investment,
GSEB has to contribute 7.18% of total investment.
Water Resource Department (WRD) / Goa State Infrastructure Development Corporation
(GSIDC) - It would be responsible for operation, and maintenance of major drains in the city. WRD
/GSIDC would be the implementing agency for the projects identified for improvement of major SWD
within the city. In the overall investment, WSD has to contribute 7.74% of total investment.
Kadamaba Transport Corporation (KTC) - KTC would be responsible for procurement, operation
and maintenance of public transport system within the city. It would be the implementing agency for
the projects identified for improvement of the public transport system and infrastructure within the city.
. In the overall investment, WSD has to contribute 10.48% of total investment.
Department of Tourism (DoT), Goa – DoT would be responsible for construction, operation and
maintenance of tourist points within the city. Hence DoT has been identified as responsible agency for
the tourism development projects identified in the CDP. In the overall investment, DoT has to
contribute 4.23% of the total investment.
Department of Health and Education – The state department for education and health would be
responsible for development of the education and health facilities identified as per the URDPFI
guidelines. In the overall investment, the education department has to contribute 2.80% of the total
investment and health department has to contribute 0.43% of the total investment.
River Navigation Department (RND): The river navigation department of the state government as it
does would be required to support the stakeholders of the city development through updradation and
development of new ferry routes to and fro from the city. The RND would be required to undertake
0.27% of the total identified investments for updgaration of the water ways to and fro from the city.
Goa Traffic Cell: The traffic cell in the state of Goa plays a very critical role in the management of
traffic in the city during the peak tourist influx seasons. During the consultations with the traffic cell
and other officials involved in traffic and transport management in the city, various projects to be
implemented by the Traffic cell emerged and the same has been considered in this CDP. In the
overall investments at the city level it is envisaged that the Traffic Cell would need to contribute
towards improvement of junctions, traffic calming measures, online traffic management etc. and the
cell would need to contribute 0.6% of the total identified investment.
Table 148: Implementing agency wise breakup of investment (Rs. Crores)
Implementing Till 2021 Total Investment (till 2041)

Agency
Estimated Estimated
PHED 239.95 11.84% 280.61 11%
PWD / GSIDC 716.00 35.34% 1,059.46 40%
CCP 319.82 15.79% 332.32 12%
WRD/ GSIDC 251.81 12.43% 251.81 9%
DoE 5.00 0.25% 5.00 0%

Implementing Till 2021 Total Investment (till 2041)

Agency
Estimated Estimated
DoH 3.00 0.15% 3.00 0%
DoF 15.50 0.77% 26.00 1%
DoT 139.90 6.91% 239.90 9%
KTC 184.70 9.12% 193.70 7%
GSEB 133.36 6.58% 249.86 9%
RND 5.71 0.28% 7.91 0%
Traffic Cell 11.20 0.55% 21.20 1%
Total 2,025.96 100% 2,670.77
PHED: Public Health Engineering Department, PWD: Public Works Department, CCP: Corporation of City of
Panaji, WRD: Water Resources Department, DoE: Department of Education, DoH: Department of Health, DoT:
Department of Tourism, KTC: Kadamba Transport Corporation, GSEB: Goa State Electricity Board, GSIDC –
Goa State Infrastructure Development Corporation
Table 149: Phasing of Overall Investment (Rs. Lakhs)
Sector 2014- 2015- 2016- 2017- 2018- 2019- 2020-

15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Water Supply 17.23 22.27 28.07 20.46 5.52 - -
Sewerage & Sanitation 8.24 27.51 25.95 31.09 34.62 11.17 14.90
Urban Roads, Traffic &
12.96 275.48 275.48 197.65 197.65 14.51 14.51
Transport
Storm Water Drains 52.32 49.02 56.52 24.12 24.12 24.12 13.58
Street Lights 8.96 18.11 26.77 30.92 40.40 3.60 4.60
Solid Waste Management 25.23 32.28 38.96 13.71 10.43 10.38 7.82
Urban Environment and
12.65 15.70 15.70 17.50 1.25 0.10 0.10
Disaster Management
Urban Governance 5.56 6.51 6.16 5.66 4.91 0.25 0.25
Tourism and Heritage 1.00 16.00 20.75 42.96 31.72 22.97 12.50
Social Infrastructure 4.40 4.40 6.00 3.90 1.60 1.60 1.60
Housing and Urban Poverty
0.50 1.90 2.48 2.93 2.23 0.68 0.30
alleviation
Total 149.05 469.19 502.84 390.90 354.44 89.38 70.16

18. FINANCIAL OPERATING PLAN

The investment capacity of CCP is assessed through a financial operating plan (FOP), which gives a
multi-year forecast of finances for the medium term. In line with the phasing of identified in the capital
investment (CIP), the FOP has been generated for the same period for CCP. A salient feature of the
FOP is that all outstanding dues, including debt and non-debt liabilities if any, are also taken into
account.
18.1 Financial Plan for the City

Urban Local Body: CCP is the one of the agency for provision of basic public health services such as
solid waste management, social amenities and basic services for urban poor within its jurisdictions.
Therefore, CCP accounts for these sectors have been reviewed and furtherthe accounts have been
forecasted to prepare the financial plan for the city.
Accordingly, the annual accounts of CCP for the period between the financial years 2007-08 and
2011-12 are used to determine past trends for both revenue and expenditure items and to arrive at
appropriate growth assumptions for each of the income and expense items. After forecasting the
revenue account, the CIP has been loaded on to cash flow. The FOP is generated to assess the
investment sustaining capacity of CCP.
Parastatal Agencies: There are state level departments viz. PWD, PHED, Health Department,
Education Department etc. involved in provision of basic services within the CCP jurisdiction. It is to
be understood here that all the parastatals / state level agencies are engaged in provision of services
at either the state level or the regional level. Also, the CCP is not involved in the Operation and
maintenance of these services. Hence, in absence of the city (CCP) specific information from these
offices, the financials of these parastatal/ state level agencies are not included in the City Financial
Plan (CFP).
18.2 Methodology
For the preparation of FOP for CCP, we have adopted the following methodology as provided in the
revised CDP toolkit. The stage wise methodology and the key references has been presented in the
below table.
Table 150: Methodology for City Financial Plan
Task Step Key Stages Description Remarks

The key objectives have been defined for
following key areas.
 Revenue enhancement initiatives The sub
 Expenditure management sections 18.9
Defining initiatives
Task1 Step 1 to 18.12 has
Objectives
 Asset management initiatives provided the
 Financial Management initiatives details
Further, it has been discussed in detailed
in the subsequent sections.


The annual accounts, balance sheets,
debt schedules, DCB statements for
water and sewerage have been collected Chapter 15
from CCP for the past five years. has detailed
Step 2 Data Collection out the
The recasting and trend analysis has recasting and
been carried and the findings have been trend analysis.
presented in the financial assessment
chapter above.
As a first step in preparation of FoP for
the city, we have prepared the Business-
Task2
Business-As- As-Usual scenario and provided the
Step3 Usual scenario - overall capacity of CCP to take-up the
-- CFP Version I infrastructure projects. The sub
The scenario has been discussed in the section 18.6
section FOP scenario considered has provided
the details.
Post finalization of Business-As-Usual
Analysis / scenario, we have carried out the analysis
Step 4 Interpretation of on the revenue and expenditure to check
the results the performance of key items. The same
has been presented in the annexure.
We have identified the property tax and
water charges are the key revenue source The sub
Identification of
where the reforms can be explored to sections 18.7
areas of
Task5 improve the coverage and collection and 18.8 have
improvement /
efficiency and the same has been detailed provided the
reforms
Task3 out in the Revenue enhancement details.
initiatives
Select / Under the revenue enhancement The sub
priorities areas initiatives, we have identified the key section 18.9
Step6
of improvement reforms to be implemented in the property has provided
/ reforms tax and user charges. the details.
Finalizing basic
The sub
assumptions for Key assumptions for the income and
section 18.4.1
Step7 resource expenditure side have been presented in
has provided
mobilization the key assumptions section.
the details.
forecast
Task4 Ascertain
investible The sub
Ascertain investible surplus for CCP has
surplus for ULB section 18.5
Step8 been discussed in the investible surplus
/ Parastatals / has provided
section.
Development the details.
authority
Ascertain
combined
Step9 investible Not Applicable Not Applicable
surplus CFP
Task5 Version II
Component-
Step1 wise allocation Not Applicable Not Applicable
0 of combined
investible


surplus
Listing of The priority project as identified in the CIP
Step1 Project section has been linked with the FOP.
1 Proposals – Further, CCP investment capacity has Chapter 17
linkage to CDP been tested on various scenarios. has detailed
Task6
The priority project investment has been out the CIP for
Step1 Priorities Project finalized in the CIP section further it has CCP.
2 Investments been linked with the financial model for
the city.
Preparation of
draft CFP ---
CFP Version III
& Financial Plan
report Chapter 18
The current chapter has detailed out the
Step1 (prioritized has detailed
Task7 overall financial plan for the city under
3 project out the CIP for
various scenarios.
investment CCP.
loaded on
combined
investible
surplus)
Ascertain
source and
amount of Under the Improved investment capacity The sub
Step1 funding, with grant plus debt support, we have section 18.8
Task8
4 external tested the capacity of CCP to go for debt has provided
borrowing, debt and external borrowing. the details.
servicing
mechanism, etc.
We shall present the findings to the
CFP Appraisal stakeholder during the final city level
Step1
Task9 and Public workshop and accordingly we shall take
5
Verification the suggestions on the overall financial
plan for the city.
Post completion of final city level
This section
Step1 Finalization of workshop, we shall discuss with CCP
Task10 would be
6 CFP report officials and finalize the financial plan for
presented in
the city
the final CDP.
Annual revision
of CFP (linkage
Step1 to annual capital We will suggest this step in the way
Task10
7 investment and forward section in the final CDP.
improvements
achieved)

18.3 Financing Strategies for CIP

The project funding structure comprises grants under the JNNURM-II framework37(accounting for
70% of the funding as per JNNURM-I structure has been assumed); internal surplus and debt are
considered to meet the balance fund requirement. The level of investment that CCP can sustain is
determined by studying the overall surpluses/year-to-year opening balance and debt-service
coverage ratio (DSCR).
If DSCR (amount of surplus available to pay interest and to repay principal that is due) falls below
1.25 (i.e., less than 25% cushion), then the investments are reduced gradually till DSCR exceeds 1.25
in all the years in the forecast period. The main items of income and expenditure, classified into the
revenue account and the capital account, are projected in the FOP under the following categories.
Categories of FOP Projections are as follows.
 Revenue Account Receipts:
 Taxes, Non-Tax Sources, and
 Grants, Contribution, and Subsidies
 Revenue Account Expenditure:
 Establishment
 Operation and Maintenance
 Debt Servicing- Existing and New Loans
 Phasing of Non-debt Liabilities, and
 Additional O&M for New Assets Created
 Capital Income
 JNNURM Capital Grants
 Regular State or Central Grants
 Debt
 Capital Expenditure
In determining a long-term financial strategy, CCPmay plan to raise resources and fund the CIP
through:
 Grants available under the new urban development mission framework (as percentage of
investment proposed in urban infrastructure sectors – (80% Central Government. Grants and
10 % State Governments. Grants)
 Available internal resources and improving the same through
 Revision of the property taxation at certain levels by CCPand also improving the
coverage and collection
 Revision of water and sewerage charges at specific defined intervals and also improving
the coverage and collection
 Maintenance of the collection performance of taxes and charges at certain minimum
levels for current and for arrears
 External Borrowings
37 Based on the past trends, it is assumed the funding structure would remain same as it was in the
JNNURM 1; the revised funding structure is yet to be announced by the ministry.

18.3.1 Financial Projections

Current revenue sources are projected under built-in growth assumptions for income and expenditure
items, to assess the impact of each such revenue enhancement measure being suggested. The
projections also aim at estimating the surplus that will be available for servicing new debt. Part of the
surplus, after meeting the additional O&M expenses on newly created assets and infrastructure, is
translated into debt size and project size (grant component plus debt component) based on certain
assumptions regarding interest rate, repayment method, and loan-grant mix.
A spread sheet FOP model has been customized to depict the financial position of CCP. The
investment sustaining capacity of CCPis assessed based on the FOP assumptions. The model was
used to calculate the overall surpluses under various scenarios involving combinations of internal
revenue improvement, state support, financing terms, etc.
The standard assumptions under which the projections are carried out and certain expenditure control
and revenue augmentation measures proposed in line with the mandatory and optional reforms under
the JNNURM framework are presented below.
18.4 Investment Sustenance Capacity

Given the existing financial position of CCP, the revenue and capital accounts of CCPare projected
against the growth scenario. The FOP is generated from the sustainable investment point of view in
line with the current growth trends against the identified investment. It has been estimated that of the
total identified investment CCP would require to undertake an investment to the tune of Rs. 332.32
Crores to improve the infrastructure for meeting the current gap and medium-term requirement.
However, the overall city level investment to be undertaken by various departments is Rs. 2025.96
Crores. Of the total investment on medium term, CCP is required to undertake the investment of Rs.
319.82 Crores. Following table and chart presents the medium term investment requirement and the
implementing agency responsible of undertaking the investment of the respective sector.
Table 151: Medium term investment requirement and implementing agency
Implementing Agency Investment Estimated % of Total

(Rs. Crores)
Public Health Engineering Department

239.95 11.84%
(PHED)
Public Works Department (PWD) / Goa
State Infrastructure Development 716.00 35.34%
Corporation (GSIDC)
Corporation of City of Panaji (CCP) 319.82 15.79%
Water Resources Department (WRD) / Goa
State Infrastructure Development 251.81 12.43%
Corporation (GSIDC)
Department of Education (DoE) 5.00 0.25%
Department of Health (DoH) 3.00 0.15%
Department of Forest (DoF) 15.50 0.77%
Department of Tourism (DoT) 139.90 6.91%
Kadamba Transport Corporation (KTC) 184.70 9.12%

Implementing Agency Investment Estimated % of Total

(Rs. Crores)
Goa State Electricity Board (GSEB) 133.36 6.58%

River Navigation Department (RND) 5.71 0.28%
Traffic Cell 11.20 0.55%
Total 2,025.96 100%
In order to check the financial capacity of CCP to undertake the investment as identified above,
various assumptions made to assess the investment capacity of the CCP. The following section
presents the assumptions made to project the income and expenditures of the CCP for the period of
10 years and assess its investment capacity.
18.4.1 Key Assumptions

The following table presents the key assumptions considered while projecting the income sources of
the CCP as well as the other components contributing to the income and expenditure of the CCP.
Table 152: Key assumptions
Head Assumptions
Guiding factor for assessing the sustaining capacity
Surplus Positive surplus - year-on-year basis
DSCR Greater than 1.25
Project Financing – For Admissible Components under JNNURM-II
Unit Cost, with 7% price contingency and 8% physical
Project Costing
contingency
Water Supply -
Sewerage and Sanitation 5%
Urban Roads, Traffic and Transport 4%
Storm Water Drains -
New/Additional O&M
Solid Waste Management 8%
BSUP 2%
Urban Environment -
Social Infrastructure -
For projects to be approved under JNNURM–II
Grant from GoI 80% of sanctioned cost
Grant from GoG 10% of sanctioned cost
Loan for balance funding Repayment in15 years @11% interest rate
Rs. 3 crores per annum (growth rate 5% over current
Regular capital expenditure
expenditure)
Revenue Expenditure
Growth in Expenditure Minimum growth rate: 8%

Head Assumptions
Maximum growth rate: 10%
7th Pay Commission revision from 2016 and 2022 (Currently,
Pay Commission Revision
in CCP, the salaries are being paid from State treasuries i.e.)
Assumption for assessment of CCP’s sustainability
Income Items
Minimum growth rate: 8%
Growth in revenue income
Maximum growth rate: 10%
Income items - Property tax
Annual growth in Assessment 1.75% per annum
Revision of Tax 20% every year starting from 2015-16
Collection Performance 90% (Maximum collection performance over the last 5 years)
yearly improvement in arrear
7% every year starting from 2015-16
collection
yearly improvement in current
7% every year starting from 2015-16
collection
Maximum collection performance
90% (Maximum collection performance over the last 5 years)
(Arrears)
Maximum collection performance
90% (Maximum collection performance over the last 5 years)
(Current)
Income Items- Water Supply (Not Applicable as service is managed by the PHED of State
government)
Individual Water Connections
Water Tariff Revision
Next Revisions
Collection Performance
Income Items- Sewerage (Not Applicable as service is managed by the PHED of State
government)
Sewerage Connections
Sewerage Charge
Collection Performance
18.5 Investible Surplus

38
Based on the various assumptions, the investible surplus has been estimatedfor the city in base and
improved case scenarios. As per the base case scenario, on an average, CCP will have Rs. 7.17
38
Investible surplus = (Revenue (own sources of income) income + Capital (own sources of income income) - Revenue
expenditure. And, excluding the revenue and capital grants received for specific purpose

Crores as investible surplus of to differ it to the capital account for the investment in for creation of the
capital assets in the city. At the same time, in the improved case scenario too, on an average, CCP
will have Rs. 42.81 Crores as investible surplus to be moved to the capital account for leveraging
additional funds for capital investments in the city. The following figure represents the scenario of
available investible surplus in base case as well as improved scenario.
Figure 62: Investible Surplus - CCP
9,000
8,000
7,000
6,000
(Rs. Lakhs)
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Base Case - Investible Surplus Improved Case - Investible Surplus
18.6 Business as Usual Scenario

Business as usual scenario: In this scenario, it is assumed that CCP shall do business as usual and
endeavor to implement the capital projects. This scenario will indicate the overall capacity of CCP to
take up projects on business as usual basis.
Investment capacity: Rs. 111.51 Crores
The key considerations in this scenario are as follows:
 CCPwill not takeup any reform measures to improve the revenues.
 The income and expenditure growth would follow the past trends.
 The regular capital expenditure would grow at 5% on year-on-year basis.
 CCP should maintain the minimum closing balance of Rs 5 Crores on regular basis

Figure 63: Base Case Scenario

16-Financial Projections
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Financial Year ------> 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 2025-26
Figures in Rs. Lakhs Actuals Estimate Projection
Summary
Opening Balance 1,862 2,018 2,118 3,476 4,744 4,463 3,138 1,196 259 12 709 1,627 3,189 4,664 6,260 7,994
1 Revenue Income 1,641 1,752 1,816 2,208 2,357 2,720 2,873 3,052 3,264 3,505 3,968 4,302 4,654 5,042 5,470 6,191
2 Revenue Expenditure 801 1,146 1,139 1,230 1,328 1,513 1,877 2,184 2,423 2,679 2,927 3,198 3,659 3,952 4,268 4,609
a Surplus/Deficit- Revenue Account 840 606 677 978 1,028 1,207 996 868 841 826 1,040 1,104 995 1,090 1,202 1,582
b Operating Ratio 0.49 0.65 0.63 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.65 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.74 0.74 0.79 0.78 0.78 0.74
c Debt Servicing Ratio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
3 Capital Income 251 445 1,187 1,201 1,307 1,413 1,501 1,616 1,735 1,860 1,998 2,145 2,303 2,474 2,658 2,856
4 Capital Expenditure 336 283 506 912 2,615 3,945 4,439 3,421 2,823 1,989 2,120 1,688 1,823 1,969 2,126 2,297
d Surplus/Deficit- Capital Account -85 162 681 289 -1,309 -2,533 -2,938 -1,805 -1,088 -129 -122 457 480 506 532 560
e Overall Surplus/Deficit- Municipal Account 755 768 1,358 1,267 -280 -1,326 -1,942 -937 -247 697 918 1,561 1,476 1,596 1,734 2,142
f Closing Balance 2,617 2,786 3,476 4,744 4,463 3,138 1,196 259 12 709 1,627 3,189 4,664 6,260 7,994 10,135
18.7 Improved CaseScenario – Reforms Implementation

In this scenario, it is assumed that CCPshall
take up revenue improvement measures such Property Tax
as property tax assessment and collection
efficiency improvement. Further, it is assumed  On immediate basis, reforms are to be implemented
in property tax to improve the coverage and
that CCPshall receive capital grants from the
collection efficiency
state and central governments (JNNURM-II).
 State government should revise the property tax
CCPshall endeavor to implement the capital
rate
projects. This scenario will indicate the overall  State government should amend the CCP act
capacity of CCPto take up projects on incorporating the provisions of stringent actions
improved case scenario with grant support. against defaulters i.e. sealing and auctioning of the
property for tax recovery.
Investment Capacity: Rs. 319.82 Crores
 The base rate to assess the property tax should be
The key considerations in this scenario are as increased about 20% every three years
follows:  Identified the poor performing zone in term of
recovery of arrears
 CCPis going to undertake reforms  Restructure the property tax department
leading to improved financial
sustenance capacity. Other Sources
 The reforms are especially in the  Implement parking charges in all designate parking
areas of property tax and water places in the CCP area
charges.  Develop new pay and park complexes; it could be
 CCP shall receive grant from the state mechanical parking free of any FSI.
and central governments for the
approved projects (New urban development mission).
 CCP should maintain the minimum closing balance of Rs 5Crores on regular basis.

Figure 64: Improved Scdenario - Reforms and Grants

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Financial Year ------> 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 2025-26
Summary
Opening Balance 1,862 2,018 2,118 3,476 4,798 5,493 5,918 5,937 5,979 6,290 7,420 8,941 10,881 12,979 15,493 18,508
1 Revenue Income 1,641 1,752 1,816 2,262 2,478 2,925 3,180 3,483 3,846 4,268 4,950 5,547 6,211 6,970 7,841 9,085
a Surplus/Deficit- Revenue Account 840 606 677 1,032 1,150 1,322 1,056 854 868 920 1,260 1,483 1,617 2,009 2,482 3,299
3 Capital Income 251 445 1,187 1,201 4,026 6,344 7,167 5,103 3,962 2,818 3,018 2,145 2,303 2,474 2,658 2,856
d Surplus/Deficit- Capital Account -85 162 681 289 -454 -897 -1,037 -812 -557 209 261 457 480 506 532 560
e Overall Surplus/Deficit- Municipal Account 755 768 1,358 1,321 695 425 20 42 311 1,130 1,521 1,940 2,098 2,515 3,014 3,858
f Closing Balance 2,617 2,786 3,476 4,798 5,493 5,918 5,937 5,979 6,290 7,420 8,941 10,881 12,979 15,493 18,508 22,366
18.8 Improved Case Scenario – Debt

In this scenario, it is assumed that CCP shall takeup revenue improvement measures such as
property tax and water charge coverage and collection efficiency improvement. Further, it is assumed
that CCP shall receive capital grants from the state and central governments (new urban development
mission). Further, CCP shall opt for loan to takeup the capital works. This scenario will indicate the
overall capacity of CCP to takeup projects on improved case scenario with grant and debt support.
Investment Capacity – Rs. 319.82 crores
 CCPis going to undertake reforms leading to improved financial sustenance capacity.
 The reforms are especially in the areas of property tax.
 CCPshall receive grant from the state and central governments for the approved projects
(New Urban Development Mission).
 CCP shall take loan from external sources to implement the investment plan in addition to
investment already identified in this CDP
 CCP should maintain the minimum closing balance of Rs.5Crores on regular basis.
Figure 65: Improved Scdenario – Reforms, Grants and Debt

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Financial Year ------> 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 2025-26
Summary
Opening Balance 1,862 2,018 2,118 3,476 4,798 5,987 7,078 7,647 7,868 8,025 8,365 9,019 9,919 10,949 12,367 14,252
1 Revenue Income 1,641 1,752 1,816 2,262 2,478 2,925 3,180 3,483 3,846 4,268 4,950 5,547 6,211 6,970 7,841 9,085
a Surplus/Deficit- Revenue Account 840 606 677 1,032 1,150 1,195 721 277 107 2 281 443 550 912 1,354 2,135
3 Capital Income 251 445 1,187 1,201 5,256 8,438 9,536 6,844 5,238 3,191 3,381 2,145 2,303 2,474 2,658 2,856
d Surplus/Deficit- Capital Account -85 162 681 289 40 -104 -152 -56 49 339 372 457 480 506 532 560
e Overall Surplus/Deficit- Municipal Account 755 768 1,358 1,321 1,190 1,091 568 221 157 341 653 900 1,030 1,418 1,885 2,695
f Closing Balance 2,617 2,786 3,476 4,798 5,987 7,078 7,647 7,868 8,025 8,365 9,019 9,919 10,949 12,367 14,252 16,947
18.8.1 Key Summary

Further, the results of the above scenarios have been presented in the figure below. The overall
investment estimated is Rs. 2670.77 crores (on constant prices). However, as per the current prices,
the estimated investment would be Rs. 2802.64 Crores (which includes the cost escalation and
physical contingencies). Of this investment, the CCP’s share would be Rs. 332.32 Crores (12%) and
the rest of the investment has to be made by the respective agency delivering the service at the state

level. It is observed that without any grant support, CCPwill not be in a position to implement any
projects as the investible surplus is in negative. Based on the availability of grants (on 100% basis)
,CCP maytake up priority projects in the area of sanitation, solid waste management, and
environment improvement in Panaji.
 Business as usual scenario: Rs. 111.15 crores
 Base case scenario with grant support: Rs. 319.82 crores
 Improved investment capacity with grant support: Rs. 319.82 crores
 Improved investment capacity with grant plus Debt support: Rs 319.82 Crores
Figure 66: Financial capacity – Key scenarios
400
359
350
320 320
300
250
Rs in Crs
200
150
112
100
50
0
Total Investment - Total Investment - Business as usual - Improved Case
Constant Current Without grant and Scenario : with
Debt Grant +Debt
18.9 Revenue Enhancement Initiatives

Property tax, water charges, sewerage charges, and development charges are the key own sources
of revenues of CCP. These revenues are performing within the range and account for 45% of the total
revenue income. However, there is scope for further improvement of these revenues in order to
enhance the overall sustainability of CCP. Following sections describe the revenue enchantment
measures for key revenue sources such as property tax and water charges.
1) Property tax: The revenue enhancement measures for property tax are categorized into the
following four categories:
a) Policy-level interventions:
 The property tax rate is revised by the state government every five years. However, the
property tax rate was last revised in 2007 andcame into force from the year 2010. Hence, it is
suggested to change the rate in every three years. Also, the system should be developed in
such a way that the changes should be reflected in the demand bills without any human
intervention.
 It is also suggested that the property tax rate should be increased about 15-25% every three
years.

 In addition to the property rate, as part of the property tax, CCP collects water tax, drainage
tax, and sanitation cess. Hence, it is suggested that the state government should amend the
municipal laws if required to enhance the percentage of water and other tax rates. For
instance, as per the existing municipal laws, CCP can only levy 5% as water charges.
However, this can be enhanced to 10% by considering the huge capital works to be taken up
by CCP in near future.
 The state government should take appropriate steps for the revision and accordingly
implement the same to enhance the revenues.
b) Recovery ofarrears
 Identified the poor performing zone in term of recovery of arrears

 Prepared the list of defaulters with outstanding arrears <=Rs 10,000
 Prepared the action plan to issue of warrant notices
 Carried out daily the monitoring of each tasks
 The recovery staff provide the sample warrant notices to defaulters
c) Revision of tax calendar
 Preparation of tax demand bills latest by 30th April 2015
 During 1stto 31st May 2015, all the tax demand bills must be served by using Indian postal
service or courier services etc.
 30 days grace period should be given for demand bills served from 1st to 30th June 2015.
 Necessary changes should be made in tax software and pre-printed stationery to show the
per day penal interest.
 The collection counters should be opened at as many places across the city.
 As soon as grace period ends, the ward-wise list of tax defaulter along with the demand
notice should be made available.
 With rationalization of the tax calendar, various tax processes and reduction in the work load
of tax personnel; it will be possible to do work division of personnel.
 In the light of above, daily targets should be provided to each team working in the tax
administration.
 Monitoring of the targets vs. actual should be carried out.
d) Restructuring of Property Tax Department
 The proposed structure is based on a functional-cum-geographical approach.
 The proposed structure clearly identifies four main functions: assessment, billing and
collection, appellate, and vigilance.
 The four functions are to be managed independently by different senior officers.
18.10 Expenditure Management Initiatives

Over the review period, the revenue and capital expenditure of CCPhas increased. In order to reduce
the revenue and capital expenditure at CCP, following key initiatives are to be taken up.
Reductionin establishment expenditure
 Outsourcing of certain functions: CCPshould explore outsourcing of some functions in order

to reduce the establishment expenditure.
 For instance, CCPcan outsource the collection, transportation, and treatment of SWM. In
addition, maintenance of public toilets, parks, and other play grounds on outsourcing basis.

 Moreover, CCPcan outsource the clerical posts such as data entry operator and clerks to
reduce the establishment cost.
Reduction in capital expenditure
 Overall, this would be a burden for CCP. In near future, if CCPwants to takeup the projects on
JNNURM/Central funding, then it would be difficult to fund the projects.
 Therefore, CCPhas to curtail the regular capital expenditure (say 10%); at the same time,
CCP should take up priority projects only.
 Also, CCPshould focus on projects to be implemented through central/state funding.
18.11 Asset Management Initiatives

The establishment of linkage between the asset creation and asset management should be through a
series of reforms for project sustainability. CCPshould ensure adequate funds to meet the deficiencies
in urban infrastructural services.
In order to maintain the assets over the project cycle, CCPshould allocate 5-10% of funds for
operation and maintenance of the project components. For water supply projects, the O&M cost
would be 3% of the project cost, and this would be on a recurring basis.
Deprecation account/fund
CCPshould ideally practice to maintain the depreciation account in order to replace the existing asset
with a new asset post its life cycle.
Key steps to be taken by CCP for better management of assets
 CCPshould focus on department wise budget and O&M cost for newly created assets,
 Explore the best practice to reduce the O&M cost on sanitationand solid waste management
 Study the existing status of the assets of key sectors, prepare a tangible action plan for the
maintenance of assets, provide the replacement list for the assets
 Conduct workshops/trainings for the staff on management of O&M, best practices across the
states
 Organize study tours for the staff and elected representatives for effective implementation of
reforms for full O&M recovery
 Latest techniques and technology for management (inventory, maintenance cycle,
replacement time, etc.) of municipal assets.
18.12 Financial Management Initiatives

In order to implement the identified projects over the project cycle, CCPhas to take-up the financial
management initiatives for smooth implementation of the projects. The key initiatives are as follows.
 First and foremost, the accounts department of CCPshould maintain the separate account for
the project. The financial transactions such as deposit the grants and release the payments
should be carried out thorough the project account.
 Transfer the part of the revenue surplus (own source of revenues) to the project account to
implement the project
 Internal audit of the project accounts has to be carried out on quarterly basis
 External audit has to be carried on annual basis

18.13 Projects on PPP basis

CCP may explore the PPP route in the following projects. The details of each component have been
provided in the tablebelow.
Table 153: Projects on PPP basis
Possible PPP
Sector Development Key Aspects
interventions
CCP shall procure the vehicles and
handover the same to the private
operator.
The operator would be responsible for
collection and transportation of the
Improve the waste.
waste collection CCP may allocate the land to develop
Solid Waste
and transportation BOT basis the SWM treatment plant. The assets
Management
recovery & would be created and maintained by the
scientific landfill operator.
Further, the private operator may sell the
manure and pallets and further generate
revenues.
The revenue sharing between CCP and
the private operator can be explored.
Multilevel car Land to be The feasibility to be improved by
Parking parking complex provided on lease introducing a mixed use – shops &
on PPP basis basis offices
18.14 Land Resource Leveraging

CCP should focus on preparing the inventory of available land in the city in order to explore the
landbasedfinancing offers to implement the infrastructure projects. Following steps are to be taken up
CCP.
 CCP should initiate the inventory of the land parcels available in the city. Further, CCP should
create the database of the same.
 CCP should crosscheck the proposed land use as per the zonal development plan. If
required, CCP needs to initiate for the land use conversation.
 May explore these land parcels for development affordable housing projects, parking projects,
real estate projects and convention centers on PPP basis
18.15 Key Conclusion

Overall, on short-term basis, the city requires around Rs. 604Crores to improve the municipal services
in the city. However, as per the business as usual scenario, CCP has nofinancial capacity to takeup
the infrastructure projects.
Given the importance of Panajiin the region, it is very important to improve the basic infrastructure
facilities to attract the investment and industries in the city and further to boost the economic
development in the region.

Therefore, CCP should aim to implement the revenue enhancement measures as suggested in this
CDP to have an improved case investment capacity with grant support for state and central
governments. Following key steps to be taken by CCP to achieve the improved case scenario
investment:
 Property Tax: On immediate basis, reforms are to be implemented in property tax to improve
the coverage and collection efficiency; the reforms could be policy levels change to streamline
the department.
 SWM Charges: CCP should levy the user charges on SWM services – CCP may explore this
initiative as part of property tax.
 Establishment Expenditure: CCP should explore the outsourcing of certain function to
reduceestablishment expenditure.
 O&M new assets: CCP should ensure that the contractor carries out the O&M of the assets
for a period of 5-8 years after the completion of test run.
 Regular Capital works: CCP should curtail the regular capital expenditure over the next 5-10
years. CCP should takeup only priority works in wards.
 PPP route: CCP should explore the PPP route to implement either the projects or project
components.
 Identify new revenue generating areas: CCP should focus towards identifying new revenue
generating areas to strengthen the current income levels which are not even meeting the
obligation of its own expenditures.
 Capacity Building: It is very important that CCP should keep on imparting training to the staff
on various aspects starting from technical to managerial skills.
 Study Tours: CCP should organise study tours to know the best practices in the sectors and
also to understand the challenges faced by others cities in the implementation of projects and
reforms.

19. Review and Monitoring Framework for CDPs

The review and monitoring and framework has been designed to help cities integrate Monitoring
mechanisms into their city development plan (CDP) from the initial phases. Monitoring & Review is
important tools to enable cities determine whether their CDP is achieving its vision and goals and
realizing its intended outcomes or not. It is a tool that shall enable cities to monitor the progress on
the plan at regular intervals.
The information generated by Monitoring can be used to provide information and support for the
implementation of CDP. It shall help in strengthening the downstream project implementation,
undertaking programme and investment activities, and devising strategies for future planning
initiatives. A basic principle of the CDP approach is that the way in which the CDP is developed and
the development issues that it addresses, are determined by each city and community to meet their
own needs. There is no ‘one size fits all’ approach to designing and implementation of CDP.
The framework mentioned below clearly lays down the broad principles that need to be fine-tuned
based on the city specific needs and inputs from various officials at the city level to develop for each
city.
Process Design
Deciding on the phases
and framework for the CDP
preparation, including
discussions with key
stakeholders
Institutionalization Initial or Updated

Assessment
Putting the CDP into the
day-to-day management Identifying key issues,
of the city and into its Review and trends and opportunities
cycles for planning and Monitoring Framework plus gaps in information to
budgeting be filled.
Analyzing and
discussing the
Action Plans and Action Plans and
process and results
Implementation Implementation
achieved at all stages
Translating the vision, Gathering all stakeholders’
goals and priorities into views on what needs to be
achievable programs and done
projects
Vision, Goals and
Objectives
Developing a clear, shared

vision plus agreed goals
and priorities for action.

19.1 Framework for Evaluation

In the context of the ever changing landscape of the developments in the city, the impacts on the
growth of the city will have wide ramifications if it is not factored into the City Development Planning
process in a dynamic manner. The CDP should have a fixed time frame for its implementation, and
shall be followed by a review to study and analyze the impact of the implementation of the plan, in
order to make mid-term course corrections, wherever necessary. A monitoring mechanism should
also be established for measuring the identifiable indicators provided in the CDP for each sector and
there after implementation of CDP can be measured.
The table below gives a framework for updating and reviewing CDPs; this needs to be followed as per
the revised tool kit.
Table 154: Framework for Monitoring of various components in the CDP
Sr. Framework for Updating and Reviewing City Development Plan (CDP) to make it a
No. living document
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
Year 6
Year 7
Activity
1 Reviewing CDP Document √ √
Community and Stakeholder
2 √ √ √ √
Consultation
Data Update and Mapping
3 √
the City
4 Capacity Building √ √ √ √ √
Planning Building
5 √
Regulations Reforms
6 Property Tax Reforms √
7 Institutional Reforms √ √ √ √ √
8 Financial Reforms √ √ √ √ √
Sectoral/Ward Development
9 √
Plans
10 Review of Project Priorities √ √ √
11 Financial Operating Plan √ √ √ √ √
12 Capital Investment Plan √ √ √ √ √
Source: Revised City Development Plan
19.2 Timeline and Periodicity of Evaluation

To make CDP as a living document, it is essential to understand that the city landscape, growth
source as well as direction keep changing with time. Hence, the CDP should have a fixed time frame
for its implementation, and shall be followed by a review to study and analyze the impacts of the
implementation in order to make mid-course corrections, wherever necessary. The monitoring

mechanism should be on the activities based on the identified indicators in each sectors in the CDP.
Some of the identified activities that could be monitored are given below.
19.3 Reviewing of the CDP Document

The foremost thing that comes up is the reviewing of the CDP document. As the city’s conditions may
change after few years, the CDP needs to be reviewed and evaluated after a particular time before a
new development plan is proposed. It is necessary to identify the sectors that are growing and sectors
that are lagging, to achieve the vision framed for the city. The CDP is prepared for a long term vision
for 30 years and the investment plan is prepared for a time frame for 7 years. Thus it mandatory that
review of the City Development Plan is taken up after every five years.
19.3.1 Engaging with Community and Stakeholders’ Consultation

CDP focuses on the holistic development and betterment of the city as looked upon by various
communities and stakeholders. Therefore, it is very important to keep consulting with them about the
process of the work to be undertaken to achieve the framed vision for the city. This could be done by
conducting a meeting every alternate year, i.e., once in every two years. The feedback should be
incorporated and the shared with citizens through a common platform like website etc.
19.3.2 Data Update and Mapping of the City

In case of any major changes in the city limits/boundaries, a complete data updation exercise should
be carried out for effective implementation. Therefore, data updates and mapping of the city become
very essential. This should always be done before the preparation of the CDP.
19.3.3 Capacity Building

Capacity building initiatives should focus on understanding the areas where in capacity needs to be
built in terms of project implementation, reform implementation etc. The regular assessment of the
needs can ensure better capacity building measures to be adopted by city.
19.4 Assessment of Reforms and Project Implementation

The CDP Technical and Policy Committee should be involved in the monitoring and evaluation of the
CDP across various components.
19.4.1 Assessment of Reforms and Project Implementation

 Regular assessment of reform and project implementation is necessary for the city to achieve
its vision.
 Reforms should be framed for all the institution responsible for the development process of
any city. These reforms are very important for all the institution to work in a synchronized
manner for the development of the city. Hence, they must be monitored every year.

19.4.2 Financial Reforms

 Finance being a most important part for any ULB of the city. The funds are to be utilized
according to the kind of development approach adopted to achieve the city vision. Therefore,
financial reforms must be monitored and evaluated on yearly basis.
19.4.3 Property Tax Reforms

 All the properties abiding under the ULB should be carefully mapped and marked, as it is an
important source of revenue for a city. Hence it should be prepared before the implementation
of the CDP and monitored at frequent intervals.
19.4.4 Sector /Ward Development Plans

Vision of the city could only be implemented at a macro level only if there is prominent change at the
micro level like at the ward level or the sectoral block level planning. To make a CDP document
comprehensive in approach, the M&E of these micro level plans should be evaluated at the very
beginning and impact should be reviewed in the very first year.
19.4.5 Review of the Project Priorities

The project prioritized in the CDP to achieve the vision may have to undergo changes in their priority
order once the implementation of the CDP starts. The reason may be due to any practical issues that
arise during project implementation or any other complication. Hence, it is very important to monitor
and evaluate the projects that are underway and projects that need to be taken up for the
development of the city. The updating process should be regular, but M&E should be done every
alternate year.
19.5 Financial Operating Plan and Capital Investment Plan

A capital investment plan (CIP) provides a detailed understanding of anticipated investments into
tangible capital assets. The assets include basic facilities, services, and installations needed for the
functioning of the community, such as bridges, roads, water, and wastewater systems. This helps the
ULBs to formalize their priority setting and decision making process. Therefore, the M&E of CIP
should be done on regular basis every year.
A financial operating plan (FOP) outlines the revenues and expenses over a period of time. An FOP
uses past performances, incomes, and expenses to forecast what to expect in the following years. It
then incorporates the past and recent trends into the planning so as to most accurately forecast what
is to come. Therefore, for city development plan in a proper way, it is necessary to monitor and
evaluate the FOP regularly every year.

Annexure – 1: Wardwise Population

Annexure 1: Wardwise Population
Sr No Ward No Households Population

1 Panaji (M Corp.) WARD NO.-0001 319 1266
Total 10158 40017

Annexure – 2: Proposed Water Supply components

in DPR under JNNURM funding
Annexure 2: Proposed Water Supply components in DPR under JNNURM funding
Cost
Scheme
Details (in Rs
Components
lakhs)
Construction of Part A – construction of new 50 MLD WTP including treated
3,976
WTP at Curti water reservoir and electro mechanical equipment for plant
and Intake at
Opa as well as Part B – Intake facilities, rising main and all required
3,512
rising main electromechanical works
Sub Total 7,488

Part A – Providing and laying additional distribution pipeline
for uncovered area including rehabilitation of old/damaged 4,858
lines/ replacement
Part B – Construction of 1 nos. 10000 cu. m. M.B.R. at
348
Altinho
Part C – Construction of 1250 cu. m. O.H.R.at Altinho 117
Part D – Construction of 2 nos. 10000 cu. m. each GLSRs at
Distribution 675
Talegao
system
Management Part E – Construction of 1250 cu. m. O.H.R. at Talegao
117
water tank
Part F – Repairs work to reservoirs at Altinho 109
Part G – Construction of 1000 cu.m. GLR at Ribandar 81
Part H – Construction of 1000 cu. m.GLR at Nagali 97
Part I – Construction of 300 cu. m. GLR and 500 cu. m. OHR
120
at Miramar
Sub Total 6,522
Part A – Replacement of existing water meters by quality and
durable water meters having AMR (Auto meter reading)
including booster, solar repeater solar cell fixed rear EMMR
1,908
PC – IBM and 110 V GPRS + antenna set, including
replacement of all service connection pipe line along with
accessories including flow control valves.
NRW Reduction
programme and Part B _ development of asset management and accounting
Capacity system including necessary software. Implementation
49.4
Building computerized pipeline network hydraulic design/analysis with
necessary software/ hardware and training
Part C – Supply of equipments such as geophones,
corelators, acoustic data logger, ground microphones,
120
ultrasonic flow meters, pressure gauges, pipe locators,
sounding rods, tanker and other peripheral equipment

Cost
Scheme
Details (in Rs
Components
lakhs)
Part D: Services and manpower for leak detection including
30
all activities performed for a period of six months
Sub Total 2107.4
Creation of GIS Based online consumer grievance
readressal module with all the necessary software for 20
development and installation and integration with SCADA
Development of online bill payment systems. Creation of
online consumer billing module with bank payment gateways 18.5
and web hosting
Construction and establishment of well equipped quality
contril laboratory for effective management of consumer 125
water supply
Cost of Project Management Consultancy including tender
document preparation for turnkey works, tender evaluation,
construction supervision and quality control as well as
capacity development for Panaji JNNURM project for a 3 1000
years period including a team of design engineers and
construction supervisor totaling 10 nos. and a team leader
cum expert of 15 years experience.
Sub Total 17280.9
Environmental Compliance Cost 10
Rehabilitation and Resettlement Cost 0
Cost of surveys and investigations (lump sum cost) 80
Cost of shifting utilities 20
Cost of statutory compliance cost 5.5
Finance/ Interest cost during construction 0
Contingency (above estimate cost are inclusive of
0
contingency)
Any other (5% for price escalation) 0
GRAND TOTAL 17,396

Annexure – 3: Components of DPR for BSUP

Annexure 3: Components of DPR for BSUP
Amount in Rs
S. No. Project Components No of works/ length
Lakhs
Total units – 226 nos. (BSUP -155 nos.
1 Housing and Municipal/ Govt. employees – 71 555.20
nos.)
Total road length – 1650 m (6 M Cross
2 Roads road – 650 m, 3 M cross roads – 350 m, 91.83
Jogging track – 650 m)
Total length - 790 m (SSM drain – 125
3 Drains and Culvert m, Storm water drain – 665 m, 6m 24.19
culverts – 6 nos., 12 m culverts – 6 nos.)
Total length -1580 m (UGD -1580 m,
4 Sewerage 1.20 m Manholes – 25 nos., 3.0 m 12.03
Manhole – 8 nos.)
(Pumping main – 450 m, water supply
5 Water supply pipe line – 1000 m, block level UG sump 24.77
– 3 nos., OHT – 1 no, borewell – 3 nos.)
Total length – 2150 m ( lines – 2150 m
6 Electricity 17.83
and 3 nos. of transformers)
7 Rainwater harvesting 19 blocks 4.75
8 Informal Market 1 no. 38.00
9 Livelihood center 1 no. 55.00
10 Animal Pen 1 no. 10.00
11 Building Amenities 19 blocks 59.53
12 Playground 1250 sq .m. 2.44
Land
13 development/tree 11615 sq. m. 30.78
plantation
Compound wall cum
14 650 sq. m. 2.93
fencing
Project cost - 929.28
IEC 5% - 46.46
A&OE 5% - 46.46
TOTAL PROJECT
- 1022.20
COST

Annexure – 4: List of buildings/sites surveyed &

spotlisted in Panaji by TCPD, 1999-2000
Annexure 4: List of buildings/sites surveyed & spotlisted in Panaji by TCPD, 1999-2000
Status as on date
S. Ownership of
Name of Monument/ site Village Taluka protected or not
No Monument/Site
protected
1 Campal residential Precint Panaji Tiswadi Private Campal Precinct
2 Campal Garden Panaji Tiswadi Campal Precinct
3 House no C-13/151/1 Panaji Tiswadi Private Campal Precinct
4 House no C-13/151/2 Panaji Tiswadi Private Campal Precinct
5 House no C-13/150 Panaji Tiswadi Private Campal Precinct
6 House no C-13/101 Panaji Tiswadi Private Campal Precinct
Bridge with seats on St
7 Panaji Tiswadi Private Campal Precinct
Inez Nallah
Old GMC Building
8 Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
Complex
9 2 STC HQ Building Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
10 Collectorate Building Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
11 Goa Police HQ Building Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
Govt Printing Press
Building
Garrison Engineers
Building
14 Old House of Dempos Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
15 Land survey Building Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
16 Panaji PoliceStn Building Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
17 Azad Maidan Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
18 Custom House Building* Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
19 Old High court Building* Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
20 Old Secretariat Building* Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
21 VIP Virani Building Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
22 Madhavashrarm Building Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
Chapel next to Mandovi
Hotel
24 JMP Dias Building Panaji Tiswadi Government Riverfront
General Post Office
building

Status as on date
S. Ownership of
No Monument/Site
protected
Our Lady of Immaculate
26 Panaji Tiswadi Government Central Panaji
Conception Church*
27 Garcia da Horta Garden Panaji Tiswadi Government Central Panaji
Bar George Restaurant
28 Panaji Tiswadi Private Central Panaji
building
29 House no C-12/11 Panaji Tiswadi Private Central Panaji
Communidades of Tiswadi
Building*
31 Fazenda building* Panaji Tiswadi Government Central Panaji
House of Mamami Kamat
Building
Judicial commissioners
Court Building*
34 Panaji UHC Building Panaji Tiswadi Government Central Panaji
Old Municipal Building
Block
AG Vaglo/National Club
Building
Building of Goa Lodge opp
Old High court
Van Huesen net to Goa
Lodge Building
House of Dr Jose Philip
39 Panaji Tiswadi Private St Tome Preci
Pereira
40 Old Mint House Panaji Tiswadi Private St Tome Preci
41 St Tome Chapel Panaji Tiswadi Private St Tome Preci
42 GXVerlekar Building Panaji Tiswadi Private St Tome Preci
43 Misqui Bar Building Panaji Tiswadi Private St Tome Preci
44 La Vista Lodge Building Panaji Tiswadi Private St Tome Preci
45 MV Associates Building Panaji Tiswadi Private St Tome Preci
46 Patto Bridge Panaji Tiswadi Government St Tome Preci
47 Old PWD Office Complex Panaji Tiswadi Government St Tome Preci
Ghanekar Nursing Home
48 Panaji Tiswadi Private St Tome Preci
building
House of
49 Panaji Tiswadi Private Fontainhas
LawandeMRSilimkhan
50 Tarcar Mansion Panaji Tiswadi Private Fontainhas
51 House of Dr Pinto E-324 Panaji Tiswadi Private Fontainhas

Status as on date
S. Ownership of
No Monument/Site
protected
52 Fundacio Oriente building Panaji Tiswadi Private Fontainhas
Seventh Day Adventist
53 school Panaji Tiswadi Private Fontainhas
Building
House of Ida/Jose
Machado C-5/192
55 Panjim Inn Building Panaji Tiswadi Private Fontainhas
House of Albertino
Fernandes C-5/155
57 House of Rego C-5/143 Panaji Tiswadi Private Fontainhas
58 Fontainhas Chapel Panaji Tiswadi Private Fontainhas
House of B Carrasco C-
5/162
House of Armenio Riberio
Santana C-5/161*
House of Dr Hugho
61 Menezes Panaji Tiswadi Private Fontainhas
C-5/166
House of Ivo Andrade C-
5/164*
House of Antonio Soares
C- 5/165
Steps of Fontainhas next
64 Panaji Tiswadi Government Fontainhas
to Chapel
65 Chapel of St Francis Panaji Tiswadi Private Portais
66 House of Salma Velho E-1 Panaji Tiswadi Private Portais
House of Antonio Veira
67 Panaji Tiswadi Private Portais
Velho E-2*
68 House no C-6/10 Panaji Tiswadi Private Portais
House of Juleito Soz C-
69 Panaji Tiswadi Private Portais
6/11
70 Fountainhas spring* Panaji Tiswadi Portais
72 House of Verlekar C-6/80 Panaji Tiswadi Private Portais
76 House of A Antao C-8/7 Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
77 House of Coelho C-8/8 Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho

Status as on date
S. Ownership of
No Monument/Site
protected
78 House of Jose Lobo C-8/9 Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
79 House no C-8/10 Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
House of Joseph Vaz C-
86 Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
8/29
House of Fernando
Almeida C- 8/30
House of Dr Adelia Costa
C- 8/71
House of Vasco Alvares
C- 8/25
House of Dr JG Menezes
C-8/82
91 House opp C-8/82 Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
92 Serra Building Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
93 Bishops Palace Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
House of Dr J
Mascarenhas C- 8/54
95 SBI Bank house Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
House of Dr B Silverra C-
8/50
97 Hon’ble CM’s Residence Panaji Tiswadi Government Altinho
State Guest House
Building
99 House of Costa Pinto Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
100 Way of Cross Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
101 Stairway with 9 crosses Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
102 Army House Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
103 Bertaire C-8/63 Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
104 House of Waglo Panaji Tiswadi Private Altinho
House of AC Fernandes
C-8/44

Status as on date
S. Ownership of
No Monument/Site
protected
House of Pascoal
Menezes*
Old Lyceum Complex 6
107 Building blocks now High Panaji Tiswadi Government Altinho
Court*
Escadaria (Lyceum
108 Panaji Tiswadi Government Altinho
stairway)
House of Solar dos
109 Panaji Tiswadi Private Ribandar
Colacos
110 Ribandar road Panaji Tiswadi Private Ribandar
111 House of Dr PP Sinari Panaji Tiswadi Private Ribandar
112 GIM building(Old GMC) Panaji Tiswadi Government Ribandar
113 House of Alavaro de Sa Panaji Tiswadi Private Ribandar
House of Numenio Souza
C-3/60*
Our Lady of Ajuda
Church*
Old St Mary’s OSC
Church Bldg
117 House of LLI Gracia E-174 Panaji Tiswadi Private Ribandar
118 Chapel at Ribandar Panaji Tiswadi Private Ribandar
Factors under consideration to categorise the heritage structures

1. Heritage Precincts
2. Street group
3. Architecture
4. Historical importance
5. Cultural and social personality
6. National Importance
Taking into account these factors the heritage structures have been graded in various categories viz.
Grade-I, Grade IIA, Grade IIB, Grade III and Grade IV. The Table below lists the various heritage
areas, number of heritage structures assessed in each and in which grade they have been included.
Heritage Areas Grade I Grade II Grade IIIB Grade III

Sao Tome 39 30 29
Fountainhas 34 45 31
Mala 03 34 44
Port Ais 46 29 46
CBD 02 25 36 17
Altinho 31 70 56

Heritage Areas Grade I Grade II Grade IIIB Grade III

Campal 18 08 00
Ribandar 22 57 106
Additional buildings 04 00 00
Source: Listing & Grading – Draft Report of heritage structures in Panaji, Goa, TCPD, 2014

Annexure – 5: Minutes of Meeting for Kick Off

Meeting at MoUD
Annexure 5: Minutes of Meeting for Kick Off Meeting at MoUD
Meeting Agenda Kick Off Meeting

Preparation and Revision of City Development Plans for 13 Selected Cities
Package 1 (13 cities)
Assignment Title
Name of Client Ministry of Urban Development
th
Date of meeting 8 August 2013, 4 pm
Place/Location Ministry of Urban Development, New Delhi
Ministry of Urban Development
Ms. Nisha Singh, IAS, Joint Secretary and Mission Director
Mr. Prem Narayan, Director (JnNURM)
Mr. Sanjay Kumar, Under Secretary (JnNURM)
Officials from TCPO, CPWD, CPHEEO
CBUD PMU Team
CRISIL Risk and Infrastructure Solutions Limited (CRIS)
Participants Mr. Ravi Poddar, Director, Urban Practice
Mr. Brijgopal Ladda, Urban Planning Expert
Mr. Abhay Kantak, Municipal Finance Expert
Mr. K.K Shrivastava, Municipal Engineering Expert
Mr. Tapas Ghatak, GIS Expert
Mr. Appeeji Parasher, Associate Director
Ms. Monika Bahl, Manager
A list of all participants in the meeting is enclosed as annexure.
CRISIL Risk & Infrastructure Solutions Limited (CRIS) has been appointed by Ministry of Urban
Development (MoUD) for the Preparation and Revision of City Development Plans for 13 Selected
Cities under Package 1 and 17 selected cities under Package 2. A kick-off meeting was organized
by MoUD to review the work plan and approach for the assignment. The meeting was chaired by
Ms. Nisha Singh IAS, Joint Secretary and Project Director and was attended by senior officials
from MoUD, PMU from CBUD and officials from TCPO, CPWD.
CRIS Team made a presentation on the following aspects
 Our Experience in Preparation of CDPs
 Details of Assignment Coverage
 Our Approach - Revised CDP toolkit
 Proposed Teaming
 Work Plan
 Support from MoUD
Following were the key points suggested by MoUD /CBUD PMU team and other key officials
present during the meeting
1. Various recommendations were made by the participants for preparation of CDP. The
Mission Director however suggested that the CDPs shall be prepared in line with the
revised tool kit issued by MoUD and also mentioned that MoUD has prepared a
comparison of variance between the first generation and 2nd generation CDPs and it shall
provide a copy of the same.
2. It was also mentioned that an inclusive approach should be adopted as specified in the
tool kit and sufficient emphasis should be made on strategies addressing urban poverty
issues.
3. It was also suggested that cities have prepared other plans like CSP, CMP, disaster
management etc. The interventions, projects, costing etc. suggested in this studies should
be incorporated in the CDP. MoUD also suggested for sharing information from ISNA
study to consultant for CDP such to synchronize the two reports.
4. The Mission Director also stressed on to focus on efficiency improvement related aspects
while identifying projects in cities.
5. It was discussed that the population projection in all the CDPs shall be for a period of 30
years i.e. 2041 whereas the FOPs can be made for a period of 20 years to be realistic. All
CDPs should have same time line for projections and should be based on Census 2011.
6. Some other aspects discussed were as follows
 24x7 Water Supply and implementation of SCADA and other new system to bring in
efficiency, 100% metering etc.
 Linkages with existing Development Plan or Master Plan
 CDP should also endeavor to mention of suitable technologies based on the
geographical condition of the cities.
 Local Economic Development – Enlist the key thrust areas of economic development
and broad level strategies
 Map preparation
 Smart cities concepts should be explored
7. It was suggested that CDPs should be made through rigorous stakeholder consultations
and the ownership should be ensured at the city level.
8. It was suggested to have the executive summary to the Final CDP in vernacular language.
9. The timelines proposed for the assignment were found to be in line with that mentioned in
the RFP.
During the presentation CRIS suggested the following points for support from MoUD
1. The team would require a letter of Introduction from MoUD to ensure that all the ULBs can
assist the team in the following
 Designate an “Officer-In charge” responsible for management and coordination of
consultants
 Constitute multi-stakeholder City Level Steering Committee and working groups.
 Nominate officers from relevant sections of ULB to participate in the process of
stakeholder consultation and CDP preparation.
 Provide the consultant with information, maps and relevant data and documents on
ULB.
 Provide the consultant with necessary authorization to procure information from the
line departments
1. Introducing the consultants to the Urban Local Bodies
2. Facilitate and expedite approvals from ULB
The meeting ended with a vote of thanks to all participants.

Annexure – 6: Minutes of Meeting for Inception

Stage
Annexure 6: Minutes of Meeting for Inception Stage
Meeting Agenda Inception meeting for Revised City Development Plan of Panaji city
th
Place/ Location/ Corporation of the city of Panaji Office, Panaji on 24 October, 2013 at
Date/ Time 10.00 am
Participants Corporation of the City of Panaji
Mr Mohan Sakenovar, OSD, JNNURM,CCP Panaji
Mr. Sachin Ambe, MEII, CCP Panaji
Mr G.C. Arabekar, ATO, CCP Panaji
Mr. Laxman Naik, AAO, CCP Panaji
Mr Somanth. R.M, Sanitory Inspector, CCP Panaji
Ms. Resta S.R., Accountant, CCP Panaji
Headclerk, CCP Panaji
Public works Department

Mr Arun Patil, A.E., S/DII Division, PWD
Mr. Pramod S Prabhu, A.E., SDIV/WDII/PWD
Mr. Amay Lawnade, WDIII, PWD
North Goa Planning & Development Authority

Mr Shaikh Ali Ahmed, Dy. Town Planner, NDPDA
Mr. Vikram Tengse, J.E., NGPDA
Department of Tourism
Ms. Pamela Mascarenhas, D.D. DoT, Goa
Mr. Ganesh R Teli, A.D. DoT, Goa
Kadamba Transport Corporation

Mr. G.P Naik, A.E., KTC
Mr Sanjay L. Ghati, Estate officer, OSD Traffic, KTC
Other Related Departments

Ms. Anju S Keskar, Member Secretary, Goa Rehabilitation Board
Mr. K.V. Singh, Director, PWD
Mr Koti, Dy Education Officer, CEZ, Panaji
Mr. Rajendra A Haldankar, Asst. Divisional Officer, DFES
Dr Utkarsh Betodkar, State Epidemiologist, DHS, Campal
Mr. Antonio A, Junior Engineer, Electricity Board
Mr Merino Dias, Consultant (Finance) ECP, Panaji

CRISIL Risk and Infrastructure Solutions Limited

Mr. Brijgopal Ladda, Director, CRISIL
Mr. Parthiv Soni, Senior Consultant, CRISIL
Ms. Harshana Ghanwat, Project Consultant, CRISIL
Following were the key discussions during the meeting
The consultants presented the aim objectives and framework for the Revised CDP project to the
officials and briefed them the need for Revised CDP for Panaji.
The consultants also intimated the CCP to form technical review committee comprising of the
representatives of various departments depending upon the important city infrastructure
components which needs to be addressed in the Revised CDP exercise.
The officials of various departments submitted data pertaining to their respective departments to
the consultants after clarification of the data formats from them.
The major concerns raised by the officials were as follows:
 The Water Supply PWD department official needed clarification on the projects in the DPR
prepared under CDP 2006 which has got government approval and sanction. The CRISIL
team informed them that the water supply improvement projects for the city will be
prepared taking into account the DPR components to avoid overlapping of the projects.
 The water Supply and sewerage officials has informed that the DPR Report for Water
Supply and Sewerage prepared under the CDP 2006 contains all the related data
pertaining to existing water supply and sewerage system in the city and proposed projects.
Hence the same can be referred for those sectors.
 The officials informed the consultants to share a copy of CDP 2006 for them to refer as to
what were the outcomes and projects proposed sector wise.
The data gaps pertaining to various departments were conveyed by the consultants to the
respective officials and were requested to provide it to the earliest.
The meeting ended with a vote of thanks from the CCP Officials and the CRISIL team
Attendance Sheet



Annexure – 7: List of attendees for the Stakeholder

for Interim Meeting
Annexure 7: List of attendees for the Stakeholder for Interim Meeting


Annexure – 8: Minutes of the Meeting for Draft Stage

Annexure 8: Minutes of the Meeting for Draft Stage
Meeting Agenda Draft CDP Consultation workshop at Panaji

Assignment Title
Name of Client Ministry of Urban Development
th
Date of meeting 9 February 2015
Place/Location Corporation Hall, Corporation of the City of Panaji (CCP)
CCP
Representatives from Various Departments
Participants
CRISIL Risk and Infrastructure Solutions Limited (CRIS)
Mr. Brijgopal Ladda, Director
Mr. Parthiv Soni, Senior Consultant
CRIS team made the presentation to the gathering presenting the key issues in various sector
assessed under the CDP and proposed strategies and identified investment. The presentation was
well received by the gathering however the attendies gave valuable comments and suggestion
following the presentation. The comments and suggestions are inscribed below;
 Within the CCP area a project for increasing the coverage for sewage collection is being
implemented. The Project report should consider that project and incorporate the same in to
it.
 The presentation covered the proposals in the area for improvement of Traffic and
Transportation system and one of the proposals was to create parking facility on the
periphery of the city and a hop on-hop off service to be provided. This will free up the road
space in the core city area. On this proposal one of the attendee commented that the same
need to be cautiously thought of before implementation as the citizen of the city are
habituated with one kind of a life style and any change to that life style will have an adverse
impacts.
 During the course of presentation it was suggested by the members that recently many of the
developments are given higher FAR and this creates additional burden on the city
infrastructure. The permissible FAR within the core city are should be restricted to the level of
infrastructure provision.
 The presentation mentioned that New Year events bring lot of tourists in the city. it was
commented by one of the member present during the meeting that there are multiple events
in the city which are bring influx of the tourists in the city.
 In the traffic and transportation sector, the representative from the traffic police department,
suggested that infrastructure should be proposed to stop crossing the roads at locations other
than zebra crossings.
 During the end of the presentation one of the member present during the consultation
suggested that the current study covers the aspects of the capital investments in the city.
however the burden of the cost of operation and maintenance is missing from the same. It
was responded that the same has considered while assessing the financial capacity of the
city. The same can also be viewed in the financial operating plan of the city in the draft report.
Apart from the verbal comments and suggestions, the CRIS team suggested providing their
comments and suggestions through email or in writing to the team member of CRIS or CCP. Those
suggestions would be considered for finalization of the CDP. The consultation ended with vote of
thanks from the team of CRIS.

Annexure – 9: List of Attendees in Draft Meeting

Annexure 9: List of Attendees in Draft Meeting

Annexure – 10: Staff Details in CCP

Annexure 10: Staff Details in CCP
S. No. Designation of Post Sanctioned Working Vacant Daily wages

1 Commissioner 1 1
2 Dy Commissioner - I 0 0
3 Dy Commissioner - II 0 0
4 Municipal Engineer 1 1
5 Assistant Engineer 1 1
6 Junior Engineer 4 4
7 Admin/ Accounts Officer 1 0 1
8 Accounts/Taxation Officer 1 1
9 Accountant 1 1
10 Recovery Officer 1 1
11 Superintendent 1 0 1
12 Sr. Steno 1 1
13 Jr. Steno 2 2
14 Head Clerk 2 2
15 Account Clerk 1 1
16 Cashier 1 1
17 Store Keeper 1 1
18 Municipal Inspector 8 8
19 Sanitary Inspector 1 1
20 U.D.C. 8 8
21 L.D.C. 19 19
22 Asst Librarian 1 1
23 Data entry operator 2 2
24 Electrician 1 1
25 Peon 4 4
26 Mechanic 1 1
27 Asst Mechanic 2 2
28 Plumber 2 2 1
29 Mason 1 1
30 Asst Mason 1 1
31 Carpenter 1 1 1

S. No. Designation of Post Sanctioned Working Vacant Daily wages

32 Driver 26 26
33 Horticulturist 1
34 Site Supervisor 3 3
35 Sr. Supervisor 4 4
36 Supervisor 16 16
37 Road Worker 75 75
38 Sweeper 160 160
39 Trimmers 4 4
40 Cemetery Workers 2 2
41 Watchmen 10 3 7
42 Garden workers 30 30
43 Scavengers 9 9
44 Pound Keeper 1 1
Total 413 403 10 1

Annexure – 11: Classification of the CRZ

Annexure 11: Classification of the CRZ
Classification of the CRZ as per Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, Ministry Of Environment and
Forests
For the purpose of conserving and protecting the coastal areas and marine waters, the CRZ area
shall be classified as follows, viz:-
(i) CRZ-I
A. The areas that are ecologically sensitive and the geomorphological features which play a role in
the maintaining the integrity of the coast,-
(a) Mangroves, in case mangrove area is more than 1000 sq m, a buffer of 50 meters along the
mangroves shall be provided;
(b) Corals and coral reefs and associated biodiversity;
(c) Sand Dunes;
(d) Mudflats which are biologically active;
(e) National parks, marine parks, sanctuaries, reserve forests, wildlife habitats and other protected
areas under the provisions of Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of 1972), the Forest (Conservation)
Act, 1980 (69 of 1980) or Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986); including Biosphere
Reserves;
(f) Salt Marshes;
(g) Turtle nesting grounds;
(h) Horse shoe crabs habitats;
(i) Sea grass beds;
(j) Nesting grounds of birds;
(k) Areas or structures of archaeological importance and heritage sites.
B. The area between Low Tide Line and High Tide Line;
(ii) CRZ-II
The areas that have been developed up to or close to the shoreline
Explanation - For the purposes of the expression “developed area” is referred to as that area within
the existing municipal limits or in other existing legally designated urban areas which are substantially
built-up and has been provided with drainage and approach roads and other infrastructural facilities,
such as water supply and sewerage mains;
(iii) CRZ-III

Areas that are relatively undisturbed and those do not belong to either CRZ-I or II which include
coastal zone in the rural areas (developed and undeveloped) and also areas within municipal limits or
in other legally designated urban areas, which are not substantially built up.
(iv.) CRZ-IV
A. the water area from the Low Tide Line to twelve nautical miles on the seaward side;
B. shall include the water area of the tidal influenced water body from the mouth of the water body at
the sea up to the influence of tide which is measured as five parts per thousand during the driest
season of the year.
(v) Areas requiring special consideration for the purpose of protecting the critical coastal environment
and difficulties faced by local communities
A. (i) CRZ area falling within municipal limits of Greater Mumbai; (ii) the CRZ areas of Kerala including
the backwaters and backwater islands; (iii) CRZ areas of Goa.
B. Critically Vulnerable Coastal Areas (CVCA) such as Sunderbans region of West Bengal and other
ecologically sensitive areas identified as under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and managed with
the involvement of coastal communities including fisher folks.

Annexure – 12: TAC Minutes

Annexure 12: TAC Minutes
th
Date 25 November, 2014
Place Nirman Bhavan, MOUD, Delhi
Agenda of Discussion on draft CDP for Panaji with Technical Advisory Committee
meeting (TAC) and the City Officials
Discussion points for Panaji
Project  No comments from the TAC members on the first chapter i.e. the
Background Project Background
Introduction to  Figure – 3 Schematic Map – Regional setting for Panaji should be
city changed and mapped on the road network map.
 Section 2.2 Administrative Boundaries – Add a table explaining the
administrative boundaries of Goa-North Goa and Panaji
 Figure – 3 Schematic Map connectivity – make it bigger map
 Section 2.4 – Defining Study Area – add description of OG in the
paragraph
 Section 2.5.1 – there are only two bullets as per Figure – 6
 Figure – 6 Schematic Map – Physical Division – bring this map to
the beginning of the chapter in th section of administrative
boundary\
Demography  3.2.1 – explain north Goa district in the Administrative Boundary
first
 Table 6 : in the last two rows, mention Panaji UA and Panaji for
explanation
 Section 3.4.1 remove composition and distribution of population
(religion)
 Remove the graphs of religions composition
 3.7.1 – change the definition of the Child and age dependents as
per Guntur report
 Figure 11 – change the color of graph
 3.10 (key observations) remove population composition comment
st st
 3.11.1 – 1 generation CDP instead of 1 level CDP
 Floating population paragraph – move it to the last bullet in basic
assumptions of population projection
 Table 13 – add growth rate
Economic profile  4.2.1 change the numbering to A, B, C …
of the town  4.3 change the numbering 4.3 Economic infrastructure , 4.3.1
industrial and commercial activities 4.3.2 tourism etc…
 Figure -16 make it a full page map
 4.3.2 make a informal commercial activity – make it bullet points
and add a picture of markets in Panaji
 Add description of Water sports, Rent a Bike, Tourist Guides

 Add a box highlighting special initiatives by Panaji

 Table 18 add %
 Figure-17 – remove the graph
 4.6 key issues – expand the key issues and observations
Physical planning  Table 20 – add developed and un-developable % of land
and growth  Section 5.6.1 change the comparison as per the change in table 20
management
 Building regulations 5.1 – make it 5.2 and change ZDP to ODP
 5.2 Critical appraisal of the ODP – make it as 5.1
 In the end of the section add key observations based on URDPFI
comparison
 Figure – 19 make a full page A3 map
 5.3 – regional plan goa, add a map
 5.4 Urban Planning Functions – Add description as per the
prevailing Acts… TCP Act, CCP act etc….also add other agencies
 Footnote – 18, remove the reference to the press note..make it an
original reference
 Add a description of heritage conservation committee as a separate
section under 5.4 and highlight the conservation area and add
listing of heritage structures
Social  Chapter Heading – to Social Infrastructure
environment  Table – 26 Check the Health Related Data its available with the
CCP / directorate of planning and statistics
 Table 28: Educational Facilities – Change the order as per URDPFI.
 Key Observations – Last Bullet – Take it to key observations in the
economy section
 Add a bullet point mentioning that the city lacks the soft
infrastructure i.e. Software for program management, websites etc..
Infrastructure and  Update the status of water supply project as per the latest
services information from CCP
 SLB – Mention as per the regional data
 Table : 55 Future Solid Waste Generation – change the population
base and add a line of population as per the DPR for SWM
 7.4.2.1 – Proposed projects – Project for SWM … it should be
mentioned that the DPR should be updated and re-submitted to the
Central government
 Key observations SWD – add issue of silting of river and back flow
of the flood water in to drains
 Add issue of high tide and flood situation in the city
 Rain water retention – add as an issue in Disaster management
chapter
Urban roads,  8.1 add a map of major roads in the city
traffic and  Add a map showing roads coming to Panaji - Karamali station to
transportation Panaji and Goa Medical College to Panaji
system
 Change the colors of Roads Map
 8.1.2 – add name of junctions for which projects are proposed
 8.1.3 – update the list of bridges in Panaji
 Add a mention of the proposed pedestrian movement in the city
 CCP to provide the plan prepared for Public Bicycle Sharing
system

 8.1.4.1 - Mention the name of three jetties mentioned in the

paragraph
 In the key observation mention that Panaji should have a
multimodal transportation strategy
 Add a paragraph on entry/access roads to city
 Add a para on per capita vehicular population
 Figure – 27 – add a boundary to map and also add a key map for
better understanding
 Issues and challenges – The stress on roads is increasing due to
increase in the vehicles and traffic thus water transport should be
upgraded
 Add a requirement of transportation mode from the nearest railway
station to the city – Light BRT may be an option
 Critical review of CMP may be added
 Propose preparation of a NMT policy
 Applicability of ToD can be checked
Housing and  Table 67 – projected housing stock in the city – last two rows
urban poverty ..make it actual number rather than in lakhs
 9.2 the para below bullets is actually a bullet
 Footnote – 30-Remove
 Table 68 – Fishing Villages – Mention names of the fishing villages

Climate Change  Update the information of Solar city – the Master Plan has been
prepared
Cultural  12.4 – Tourism Scenario – map – make it a full page map
resources,  Table 83 – add a ratio of hotel room to beds
heritage and
 12.7 fairs and festivals – add list of national and international events
tourism
being held in Goa
Sector plans  Have a re-look at the project costing
Other general comments

1. All pictures and maps should be large enough to read and comprehend.
2. Maps to be readable in A4/A3 size. Google maps in satellite imagery are not preferred.
3. Issues should be written in detail linking with the discussion in the relevant subsection
Projects to be included
1. Light BRT
2. NMT policy

Annexure – 13: CDP Committees

Annexure 13: Details of CDP Committees

Annexure – 14: Minutes of the Meeting 23rd Jan 2015

Annexure 14: Minutes of the Meeting 23rd Jan 2015



Annexure – 15: Actions Taken Report – Comments of TAC

Annexure 15: Actions Taken Report – Comments of TAC
Sr Remarks
Chapter Section No Comment Response / Action Taken
No
1. 2 Figure – 3 Regional setting for Panaji should be Regional setting Map for Panaji has been Comment Addressed
Schematic changed and mapped on the road changed (Refer Figure 8) and separate map for
Map network map. road network within the city has been prepared
(Refer Map)
2. 3 Section 2.2 Add a table explaining the Table 7 explaining the administrative boundaries Comment Addressed
Administrativ administrative boundaries of Goa- of Goa, North Goa and Panaji has been included
e Boundaries North Goa and Panaji under 3.2 of Chapter 3
3. 3 Figure – 3 Make it bigger map Figure 11 under 3.3 of Chapter 3 has been made Comment Addressed
Schematic bigger in size.
Map
connectivity
4. 3 Section 2.4 – Add description of OG in the A description on OG has been provided under 3.3 Please refer to
Defining paragraph of Chapter 3 section 2.2 of the
Study Area report.
5. 3 Section 2.5.1 There are only two bullets as per The bullets has been modified under 3.5.1 of Comment Addressed
Figure – 6 Chapter 3
6. 3 Figure – 6 Bring this map to the beginning of the The Figure 12 explaining the Physical Division of Comment Addressed
Schematic chapter in the section of administrative Goa has been shown under 3.5 Physical setting
Map – boundary as it shows the physiographic divisions of the
Physical region
Division
7. 4 3.2.1 Explain north Goa district in the The North Goa district profile has been explained Comment Addressed
Administrative Boundary first in the administrative boundary initially under 4.2.1
of Chapter 4

Sr Remarks
No
8. 4 Table 6 In the last two rows, mention Panaji The Table 10 has been modified mentioning Update map shall be
UA and Panaji for explanation Panaji UA and Panaji in last two rows under 4.3 of provided along with
Chapter 4. the next deliverable.
9. 4 Section 3.4.1 Remove composition and distribution The Composition and Distribution of population Comment Addressed
of population (religion) (religion) has been removed from Chapter 4
10. 4 Remove the graphs of religions The graphs of religious composition have been All such regional
composition removed from Chapter 4. proposals as
identified in the final
stakeholder
consultation will be
incorporated in the
next deliverable.
11. 3 3.7.1 Change the definition of the Child and The definition of the child and age dependents Comment Addressed
age dependents as per Guntur report have been adopted from the Guntur Report as
suggested (Refer 4.7.1 of Chapter 4)
12. 4 Figure 11 Change the color of graph The colour of the graph has been changed (Refer Comment Addressed
Figure 13 –Age-sex Pyramid in Chapter 4)
13. 4 3.10 (key Remove population composition The comment on population composition has Comment Addressed
observations) comment been removed from the key observations (Refer
4.10)
st
14. 4 3.11.1 1 Generation CDP instead of 1st The term has been modified in 4.11.1 Comment Addressed
level CDP
15. 4 Floating Move it to the last bullet in basic Floating population moved to the last bullet. Refer Comment Addressed
population assumptions of population projection 4.11.2
paragraph
16. 4 Table 13 Add growth rate Growth rate has been added in Table 17 under Comment Addressed
4.11.3
17. 5 4.2.1 Change the numbering to A, B, C … The numbering has been changed to A, B,C Comment Addressed
under 5.2.1

Sr Remarks
No
18. 5 4.3 Change the numbering 4.3 Economic The numbering has been modified as suggested. Comment Addressed
infrastructure, 4.3.1 industrial and Refer 5.3
commercial activities 4.3.2 tourism
etc…
19. 5 Figure -16 Make it a full page map The Map has been made bigger. Refer Figure 20 Comment Addressed
20. 5 4.3.2 Make a informal commercial activity – The description on informal sector activity has Comment Addressed
make it bullet points and add a picture been made in bullet points and photos provided
of markets in Panaji showing various activities prevalent. Refer 5.3.3
21. 5 Add description of Water sports, Rent Description on water sports. Rent a bike, tourist Comment will be
a Bike, Tourist Guides guides has been included under 5.3.3 addressed in the
next deliverable
22. 5 Add a box highlighting special Box highlighting special initiatives by Panaji for Comment Addressed
initiatives by Panaji the informal sectors has been included under
5.3.3
23. 5 Table 18 Add % % has been included in Table 22 under 5.5.3 Comment Addressed
24. 5 Figure-17 Remove the graph The Graph has been removed Comment Addressed
25. 5 4.6 Key Expand the key issues and The key issues and observations has been Comment Addressed
issues observations elaborated and explained. Refer 5.6
26. 6 Table 20 Add developed and un-developable % The Table 25 under 6.8 has been modified with % Comment Addressed
of land under developable and undevelopable land use
27. 6 Section 5.6.1 Change the comparison as per the The para on comparison of land use as per the Comment Addressed
change in table 20 modification in Table 25 has been modified under
6.8.1
28. 6 Building Make it 5.2 and change ZDP to ODP The numbering has been revised and ZDP has Comment addressed
regulations been changed to ODP. Refer 6.3
5.1
29. 6 5.2 Critical Make it as 5.1 The numbering has been modified in Chapter 6 Comment addressed
appraisal of

Sr Remarks
No
the ODP
30. 6 In the end of the section add key Comment addressed
observations based on URDPFI
comparison
31. 6 Figure – 19 Make a full page A3 map The Figure 22 under 6.8.1.6 has been made full Comment addressed
page
32. 6 5.3 Regional Add a map Map of Regional Plan for Goa has been added. Comment Addressed
plan goa Refer Figure 23 under 6.9
33. 6 5.4 Urban Add description as per the prevailing The description as per the relevant Land use Comment Addressed
Planning Acts… TCP Act, CCP act etc….also planning Acts in the state has been described
Functions add other agencies under 6.10.1, 6.10.2, 6.10.3. The roles of other
departments has been included under 6.10.4
34. 6 Footnote – 18 Remove the reference to the press The Foot note has been modified. Refer Comment
note..make it an original reference Footnote 14 Addressed.
35. 7 Chapter Change to Social Infrastructure The Heading for Chapter 7 has been changed to Comment
Heading Social Infrastructure Addressed.
36. 7 Table – 26 Check the Health Related Data its The Table 30- Comparison of Health indicators Comment
available with the CCP / directorate of data has been presented as per the data available Addressed.
planning and statistics
37. 7 Table 28 Change the order as per URDPFI. The Table 33 – Health Facilities under 7.2.4 has Comment
Educational been changed as per URDPFI Addressed.
Facilities
38. 7 Key Take it to key observations in the The last bullet under Key Observations under Comment
Observations economy section Chapter 7 has been included in the Key Addressed.
– Last Bullet observations in Chapter 5
39. 7 Add a bullet point mentioning that the It has been included under 7.5.8 – Key concerns Comment
city lacks the soft infrastructure i.e. Addressed.
Software for program management,
websites etc

Sr Remarks
No
40. 8 Update the status of water supply The status of the water supply project has been Comment
project as per the latest information updated under 8.1 of Chapter 8 Addressed.
from CCP
41. 8 SLB Mention as per the regional data The SLB Table 48 has been modified as per the Comment
data available at city as well as regional level Addressed.
provided by PHED department
42. 8 Table : 55 Change the population base and add The population base has been revised and the Comment
Future Solid a line of population as per the DPR for projected population as per the DPR for SWM has Addressed.
Waste SWM been mentioned under 8.3.2
Generation
43. 8 7.4.2.1 – It should be mentioned that the DPR It has been mentioned under 8.3.3.1 - Proposed Comment
Proposed should be updated and re-submitted projects – Project for SWM Addressed.
projects – to the Central government
Project for
SWM
44. 8 Key Add issue of silting of river and back The issues suggested have been mentioned Comment
observations flow of the flood water in to drains under 8.4.3 – Service Adequacies and Key Addressed.
SWD Add issue of high tide and flood issues
situation in the city
45 11 Rain water Add as an issue in Disaster The issue has been included in under the Chapter Comment
retention management chapter of Disaster Management Addressed.
46 9 8.1 Add a map of major roads in the city The Map showing major regional roads pasing Comment
through the city has been shown in Figure 29 Addressed.
under 9.1
47 9 Add a map showing roads coming to Map showing roads connecting Karmali station to Comment
Panaji - Karamali station to Panaji Panaji in the Figure 30 – Rail connectivity and Addressed.
and Goa Medical College to Panaji stations in the state
48 9 Change the colors of Roads Map The Map has been modified as suggested Comment
Addressed.

Sr Remarks
No
49 9 8.1.2 Add name of junctions for which The name of the junctions for which projects have Comment
projects are proposed been proposed has been mentioned in 9.1.5 Addressed.
50 9 8.1.3 Update the list of bridges in Panaji The list of bridges in Panaji has been updated as Comment
per the existing situation under 9.1.6 Addressed.
51 9 Add a mention of the proposed The proposed projects by CCP for pedestrian Comment
pedestrian movement in the city movement and Public Bicycle Sharing system has Addressed.
been included under 9.3.7 – Proposed Projects
52 9 CCP to provide the plan prepared for The PBS plan prepared by CCP has been shared Comment
Public Bicycle Sharing system and incorporated in the Report under 9.3.7 Addressed.
53 9 8.1.4.1 Mention the name of three jetties The names of the three jetties has been Comment
mentioned in the paragraph mentioned in the Table 62- Ferry routes in Addressed.
Panaji
54 9 In the key observation mention that The same has been included in the Key Comment
Panaji should have a multimodal observations under 9.2 Addressed.
transportation strategy
55 9 Add a paragraph on entry/access The para on entry/ access roads to city has been Comment
roads to city included in 9.3.1.1 Addressed.
56 9 Add a para on per capita vehicular The para on per capita vehicular population has Comment
population been included under 9.3.2.2 – Public Addressed.
transportation
57 9 Figure – 27 add a boundary to map and also add The figure has been modified as suggested. Refer Comment
a key map for better understanding Figure 40 – Allocated parking areas in core Addressed.
city
58 9 Issues and The stress on roads is increasing due This issue has been discussed and mentioned Comment
challenges to increase in the vehicles and traffic under 9.2 Addressed.
thus water transport should be
upgraded
59 9 Add a requirement of transportation It has been highlighted under 9.2 and taken up as Comment
mode from the nearest railway station a project proposal in CIP for Panaji Addressed.

Sr Remarks
No
to the city – Light BRT may be an
option
60 9 Critical review of CMP may be added The critical review on CMP has been added under Comment
9.3.7 – Proposed Projects Addressed.
61 9 Propose preparation of a NMT policy The proposal for preparation of NMT policy has Comment
been included in 9.1.7 and 9.2 – Issues and key Addressed.
challenges
62 9 Applicability of ToD can be checked It has been checked and incorporated. Comment
Addressed.
63 10 Table 67 - Last two rows...make it actual number The Table 70 - Projected housing stock in the Comment
projected rather than in lakhs city has been modified as suggested Addressed.
housing stock
in the city
64 10 9.2 The para below bullets is actually a The formatting has been done. Refer 10.2 Comment
bullet Addressed.
65 10 Footnote – 30 Remove The footnote has been removed Comment
Addressed.
66 10 Table 68 – Mention names of the fishing villages The names of the fishing villages has been Comment
Fishing mentioned in Table- 71 - Location of Slum like Addressed.
Villages pockets in Panaji under 10.2.1
67 12 Climate Update the information of Solar city – The Solar city Master Plan proposal prepared by Comment
Change the Master Plan has been prepared the CCP has been included under 12.11 Addressed.
68 13 12.4 – Make it a full page map The Figure 51 – Heritage and Tourist locations Comment
Tourism in the state has been made a full page map Addressed.
Scenario –
map
69 13 Table 83 Add a ratio of hotel room to beds The Table 88 – Number of hotels registered in Comment
Panaji has been modified with details of ratio of Addressed.
hotel rooms to beds

Sr Remarks
No
70 13 12.7 fairs and Add list of national and international The list and description of national and Comment
festivals events being held in Goa international events being held in Goa/ Panaji has Addressed.
been included. Refer 13.7
71 Sector Plans Have a re-look at the project costing The project costs have been modified and Comment
updated in the CIP for Panaji Addressed.
72 General All pictures and maps should be large All the pictures and maps are made visible to read Comment
comments enough to read and comprehend. and comprehend. Addressed.
73 General Maps to be readable in A4/A3 size. Maps made readable in A4/A3. No Google maps Comment
comments Google maps in satellite imagery are included. Addressed.
not preferred.
74 General Issues should be written in detail All the infrastructure issues has been discussed Comment
comments linking with the discussion in the and explained in detail as required. Addressed.
relevant subsection

Annexure – 16: Actions Taken Report – CCP Comments

Annexure 16: Actions Taken Report – CCP Comments
SI No Chapters/Contents CDP Analysis CCP Comments Response / Action Taken

1 8. Traffic and CDP has broadly Transport Project Proposals -
Transportation discussed about existing  Remove Foot over bridges  Proposal for foot over bridges is removed and
System. road infrastructure, and make in Pedestrian pedestrian crossings/ table tops included.
existing traffic and Crossings / Table tops (Refer 17.6.1 – Table 126)
transportation system
review of institutional
system, transit oriented  All the ring routes  All the ring routes suggested in CDP have
development and street suggested in the CDP shall been considered as LRT. (Refer 17.6.1 –
lighting. be considered as LRT Table 126)
 Make it to green fuel buses  The term CNG buses has been changed to
instead of CNG Buses green fuel buses (Refer 17.6.1 – Table 126)
 Remove Feasibility of tram  Feasibility of tram loops has been removed

loops from the project list (Refer 17.6.1 – Table
126)
 Add Ferry routes – Dona  Additional route from Dona Paula to Vasco is
Paula to Vasco included (Refer 17.6.1 – Table 126)
 Move parking facilities at  Parking facilities has been proposed in the

peripheral locations of the peripheral locations of the city (Refer 17.6.1 –
city. Table 126)
 Traffic Junctions only at  Traffic junctions have been proposed only at

major junctions major junctions (Refer 17.6.1 – Table 126)

 Riverside promenade from  The Riverside promenade has been proposed

to be proposed Miramar to from Miramar to Patto for a total length of 8
Patto with a total length of 8 km. (Refer 17.6.1 – Table 126)
km.
 Street Lights – use the word  The term adequate lighting is mentioned as
as adequate lighting suggested (Refer 17.6.1–Table 126)
2 15. City Vision, The Chapter includes Sewerage - Add a goal - Coverage
Development stakeholder should be 100%
Goals and consultations, Sanitation Projects –
Strategies organization of
 New public toilets make the  The Goal for 100% coverage of sewerage
workshops, suggestions
requirement as 40 instead system has been included (Refer 17.3 –
of stakeholders, SWOT
of 30 Table 113)
analysis, vision
statement, milestones
and development goals.  Add Mobile toilets / toilets  The proposed new public toilets numbers has
which does not require land been increased from 30 to 40 as suggested.
SWM Projects (Refer 17.3.1 – Table 114)
 Add ITS systems for SWM  The proposal for mobile toilets/ toilets which
vehicles as project do not require land has been included in CIP
(Refer 17.3.1 – Table 114)
 Incentive scheme for source  The system of ATS has been proposed for the
segregation SWM vehicles (Refer 17.4.1 – Table 118)
Storm Water – Projects  Incentive scheme proposed for source

segregation for the public. (Refer 17.4 – Table
 Re-development of the
117 (Action Plans)
storm water drainage
network
 The proposal for redevelopment of the storm
water drainage network has been included.
 De-siltation and up
(Refer 17.5.1 – Table 122)
gradation of water bodies

 Mention list of water bodies  Desiltation and up gradation of water bodies

/ lakes and springs has been proposed. (Refer 17.5.1–Table 122)
 Add rain water harvesting  The list of water bodies/ lakes and springs has
measures as project been mentioned in the Report. (Refer 11.2.1 –
Table 76)
 Siltation – flood control
measures  Rain water harvesting measures has been
proposed in the CIP proposal (Refer
Urban Environment
 CCP to share the study on  The issue of siltation has been mentioned in
bio-diversity and based on the situation analysis under storm water
which a project to be added drains sector and flood control measures have
for Eco-Tourism been proposed in the sector level strategies.
 CCP to share the GIZ study  A project on Eco Tourism has been included
for bio-diversity walk which in the Report (Refer
needs to be included.
 The study for bio diversity by GIZ has been
Tourism and Heritage included in the Report (Refer
 Improvement of all Hill
Steps in the city  The improvement of all hill steps in the city
has been included as suggested by CCP in
the Report (Refer Table 141 )
 CCP to provide the list of hill
steps to be mentioned in the
CDP report  The proposal for development of Dona Paula
jetty has been included in the project
proposals (Refer Table 141)
 Development of Dona Paula
Jetty


16 16. Sector Plan, The Chapter has Project Implementing Agencies
Strategies and discussed  Instead of PWD mention The implementing agencies for projects under storm
Investment Plan institutionalising Capital PWD/ GSIDC water drains has been updated across the report as
Investment Plan by suggested.
 Instead of WRD mention
including Sector Plans -
WRD/GSIDC
water supply, sewerage,
solid waste management,
storm water drains, traffic
and transportation, urban
poor, urban environment
and social infrastructure
and strategies for
economic up-liftment of
the city.
17 General - Incorporate all the points raised by The comments raised by the TAC in Delhi are already
the TAC members in the New Delhi addressed. The Action Taken Report for the same has
and update he Draft CDP with all been provided in the Annexure-15 of this report.
above points and send a Hard copy
and a soft copy to the Corporation

Bibliography
 Census of India. (n.d.). 2001 Census data - A Census of India Website. Retrieved May 2014,
 from Census of India Web site.
 Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Planning Department, Government of Goa. (2012-
13). Economic Survey of Goa.
 Corporation of City of Panaji (2006). City Development Plan for Panaji.
 City Corporation of Panaji, (2009), Comprehensive Mobility Plan (CMP) for Panaji Volume -1
under JnNURM
 Goa Institute of Management Ribandar, Goa (2012), District Disaster Management Plan
(North Goa), Final Report
 Times of India, Panaji, Goa, (May 2011), “Housing prices touch sky in Goa”
 Deccan Herald, Goa,( June 2014), “Panjim, one of least polluting cities in Goa”
 TERI, (2014), Climate Resilient infrastructure services, Case study brief: Panaji
 State Level Committee For Regional Plan For Goa -2021 , (2012-13), Final Report on
Regional Plan for Goa -2021, Release 3
 Department Of Marine Sciences Goa University, (March 2008), Integrated Coastal Zone
Management – A Case Study from Goa
 MSME - Development Institute, Government of India, (2010), Brief Industrial Profile of North
Goa District
 Equations, (2012), Women street vendors & tourism - Negotiating Lives and Spaces
 Government of Goa, Town & Country Planning Act & Rules, Manual of Goa Laws (Vol. IV)
 Government Of India Ministry Of Water Resources Central Ground Water Board, (March
2013), Ground Water Information Booklet North Goa District, Goa State
 Town and Country Planning, Goa, (2010), Provisional List Of Heritage Buildings/Sites in State
of Goa
 Public Works Department, GoG, (2013), Water Supply Project of the Corporation of the City
of Panaji under JnNURM
 City Corporation of Panaji, (2008-09), DPR on Heritage Conservation, Volume -1
 City Corporation of Panaji , (2013), Detailed Project Report for Solid waste management in
Panaji – Volume 1
 City Corporation of Panaji, (2013), DPR for Basic Services to Urban Poor for the City of
Panaji under JNNURM
 North Goa Planning and Development Authority, Outline Development Plan for Panaji
 Official Gazette – Government of Goa, 2010, The Goa Land Development And Building
Construction Regulations
 DPR on “Public Bicycle share system – Panaji”, 2014, Embark
 Report on “Urban Vulnerability Assessment”, 2014, ICLEI
 “Proposed Decongestion Model for Panjim City Centre”, 2013, Charles Correa Foundation,
Panaji
 “Development of Solar Cities”, February 2008, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
(MNRE)

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Revised City Development Plan for

Capacity Building for Urban Development project

A Joint Partnership Program between

Capacity Building for Urban

ARV Annual Rental Value

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [vi]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [vii]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [viii]]

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................ 1

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [ix]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [x]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xi]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xii]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xiii]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xiv]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xv]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xvi]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xvii]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xviii]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xix]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xx]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxi]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxii]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxiii]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxiv]]

Figure 1: CBUD Project components ....................................................................................................12

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxv]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxvi]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxvii]]

Annexure 1: Wardwise Population ......................................................................................................316

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [xxviii]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [1]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [2]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [3]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [4]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [5]]

Sr no Sector Short Term Long Term Total

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [6]]

Implementing Short Term (Till 2021) Total Investment (Till 2041)

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [7]]

Implementing Short Term (Till 2021) Total Investment (Till 2041)

CCP Investment capacity and Financial Operating Plan

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [8]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [9]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [10]]

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [11]]

2.2 Revised CDP under CBUD Project

2.2.1 CBUD Programme

Figure 1: CBUD Project components

Capacity Building of Urban

Capacity Building for

2.2.2 Preparation of Revised CDP under CBUD Programme

Revised City Development Plan – Panaji [12]]

2.3 Revised CDP Guidelines – Key Areas of Emphasis

 Formation of CDP Committees – Policy and Technical

2.3.1 Vision Led Planning

2.3.2 Resource based planning

2.3.3 Participatory Approach

2.3.4 Equity concerns, poverty and local economy development