FILAMER CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION

Roxas Avenue, Roxas City, Capiz, Philippines, 5800
Tel no. (036) 6212 – 318
http://www.filamer.edu.ph

SELF – LEARNING MODULE 2

LAW ENFORCEMENT ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION

(Inter Agency Approach)

EVOLUTION OF THE PHILIPPINE POLICING SYSTEM

The institution of police in the Philippines formally started during the Spanish period. The establishment of
the police force was not entirely intended for crime prevention or peacekeeping, but it was also created as an
extension of the Spanish colonial military establishment.

1. SPANISH PERIOD

a. Carabineros de Seguridad de Publico ( Mounted Police )

- It was organized in 1712 for the purpose of carrying the regulations of the Department of State. They
were armed and considered as the mounted police.

b. Guardrilleros ( Rural Police)

- They were rural police organized in each town and established by the Royal Decree on
January 18, 1836. This decree provided that 5% of the able –bodied male inhabitants of each
province were to be enlisted in this police organization for three years.

c. Guardia Civil
- This was created by a Royal Decree issued by the Crown on February 12, 1852 to partially
relieve the Spanish Peninsular troops of their work in policing towns.

2. AMERICAN PERIOD

The Americans established the United States Philippine Commission headed by General
Howard Taft as its first governor – general. On January 9, 1901, the Metropolitan Police Force
of Manila was organized pursuant to Act No. 70 of the Taft Commission. This was the basis for
the celebration of the anniversary of the Manila’s Finest every 9th of January.

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 The following are the highlights during the American Period:

a. Organic Act No. 175

- Vice Governor Luke E. Wright purposed the passage of Organic Act No. 175 which
recommended the creation of an INSULAR FORCE.
- On July 18, 1901, the proposed ordinance was approved by the Second Philippine
Commission.
- On August 8, 1901, the Insular Constabulary was established under the general supervision of
the Civil Governor for maintaining peace , law and order in all the provinces of the
Philippines.

b. Capt. Henry Allen

- He was the first Chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1901.

c. Act No. 183

- It created the Manila Police Department, enacted on July 31, 1901.

d. Capt. George Curry

- He was the First Chief of Police of the Manila Police Department in 1901

e. Act No. 255

- The act that renamed the Insular Constabulary into the Philippine Constabulary, enacted on
October 3, 1901.

f. Executive Order 389

- It ordered that the Philippine Constabulary be one of the four services of the Armed Forces of
the Philippines, enacted on December 23, 1940.

3. POST – AMERICAN PERIOD

RA 4864 – it is otherwise known as the POLICE ACT OF 1966 which was enacted on
September 8, 1966. It created the Police Commission (POLCOM) that was renamed
into National Police Commission (NAPOLCOM).

4. MARTIAL LAW PERIOD

PD 765 – it is otherwise known as the Integration Act of 1975, enacted on August

8, 1975. It established the Integrated National Police (INP) composed of the
Philippine Constabulary (PC) as the nucleus and the Integrated Local the Police
Forces as components. The authority of the NAPOLCOM over the INP was
transferred to the Office of the President and later to the Ministry of National
Defense.

5. POST MARTIAL LAW REGIME

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 a. Executive Order No. 1012
- It transferred to the city and municipal government the operation supervision and
direction over all INP units assigned within their locality. Signed on March 22, 1985

b. Executive Order No. 1040

- It transferred the administrative control and supervision of the INP from the Ministry of
National Defense to the National Police Commission. Signed on July 10, 1985.

c. Republic Act 157

- It created the National Bureau of Investigation on June 19, 1947 and later reorganized
by R.A 2678.

d. Republic Act 6975

- It is otherwise known as the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)

Act of 1990 signed into law by President Corazon Aquino on December 13, 1990,
and took effect on January 1, 1991.

- It recognized the DILG and established the Philippine National Police, Bureau of Fire
Protection, Bureau of Jail Management and Penology and the Philippine Public
College.

- The PNP was operational on January 29, 1991, whose members were formerly the PC
and the INP and the absorption of the selected members from the major service
units of the Armed Forces of the Philippines such as the Philippine Air Force
Security Command, the Philippine Coast Guard, Philippine Navy, and the Philippine
Army.

e. Republic Act 8551

- It is known as the PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998 which was enacted on
February 25, 1998 by President Fidel Ramos amending certain provisions of Republic
Act 6975 and allowing the reorganization of the PNP to enable to cope up and
effectively perform its mandate to enforce the law

f. Republic Act 9708

- It is the law amending the provisions of RA 6975 and RA 8551 on the minimum
educational qualification for appointment to the PNP and adjusting the promotion
system. It took effect on August 12, 2009.

PERSONALITIES IN THE EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE POLICING

1. Chiefs of the Philippine Constabulary (PC)

1. Brig Gen Henry T. Allen 1901 -1909 – First Chief of the Philippine Constabulary (American)
"Father of the Philippine Constabulary".

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2. Brig. Gen Harry H. Bandholtz 1909-1913
3. Brig Gen Jamea G. Harcord 1913
4. Brig Gen William C. Rivers 1914
5. Brig Gen Herman Hall 1914-1917
6. Brig Gen Rafael T. Crame 1917-1927 – the first Filipino Chief of the Philippine Constabulary in
1917
7. Brig. Gen Charles E. Nethorst 1928-1932
8. Brig Gen Lucien R. Sweet 1932
9. Brig Gen Clarence H. Bowers 1932-1934
10. Brig Gen Basilio J. Valdes 1934-1935
11. Major Gen Hose de los Reyes 1936-1938
12. Big Gen Guillermo Francisco 1938-1942
13. Brig Gen Federico G. Obozo 1945-1946- the first Provost Marshal General
14. Brig Gen Mariano N. Castañeda 1946-1948 – Provost Marshal General ,Chief PC January 1, 1948 to
December 20, 1948
15. Brig Gen Alberto Ramos 1948-1950
16. Brig Gen Florencio Selga 1950-1955
17. Brig Gen Manuel F. Cabal 1955-1957
18. Brig Gen Pelagio A. Cruz 1958
19. Brig Ge Isagani V. Campo 1958-1961
20. Colonel Nicanor Garcia 1962
21. Brig Gen Dominador Garcia January ,1963

2. Chiefs of the Philippine constabulary / Integrated National Police (PC/ INP)

22. Brig Gen Nicanor Garcia September 22, 1963

23. Brig Gen Vicente Yngene 1964
24. Brig Gen Godofredo Mendoza 1964
25. Brig Gen Vicente Yngente January 18, 1965
26. Brig GenFlaviano Olivares 1965-1966
27. Brig Gen Segundo Velasco 1966-1967
28.Brig Gen Manuel T. Tan 1967-1968
29. Brig Gen Vicente R. Raval 1968-1970
30. Brig Gen Eduardo Garcia 1970-1972
31. Brig Gen Fidel V. Ramos 1972-1975

3. Chiefs of the Philippine National Police (PNP)

Brig Fen Fidel V. Ramos 1975-1986

Brig Gen Renato S. de Villa February 28, 1986-1988
Brig Gen Rammon E. Montaño 1988-1990
Brig Gen Cesar P. Nazareno 1990-1991

CHIEFS OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONA POLICE AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION PROGRAMS

1. PDG Cesar P. March 31, 1991-1992

Nazareno - The first Chief of the PNP

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 - Last Chief of the defunct PC-
INP

2. PDG Raul S. Imperial August 28, 1992 – May 6, - Professionalism, Competence ,

1993 Integrity

3. Umberto Rodriguez May 6, 1993 – July 8, - Reforms : Comptrollership ,

1994 Logistics and Personnel and
Records Management
- Maintained Internal security

4. Recaredo Sarmiento II July 8, 1994 – December - National Strategic Plan (Police

15, 1997 Plan 2000)
5. PDG Santiago Alino December 15, 1997 – July - HOPE = H –Honest, O –
1998 Orderly, P- Peaceful, E -
Election

6. Roberto Lastimoso July 1998 – June 1999 - 1st Chief PNP under Andrada
Administration
-
DREAM STRATEGY

D- Dispersal of the police from the

headquarters into the streets
where they are most needed.

R- Restoration of the trust and

confidence of the people on their
police.

E – Elimination of street and

neighborhood crime, like holdups
and robberies.

A – Arrest of all criminal elements,

common or organized.

M – Misfit’s reformation and

scalawags’ removal from the
police ranks/

Edmundo Larroza June 1999 – November

(OIC) 16, 1999
7. PDG Panfilo Lacson November 16, 1999 – - Inept, Corrupt and Scalawag
January 20, 2001 - Implemented the 34 inches
waistline
- No –take policy
- 15-18 downloading of
resources

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 - CRAC- Complaints Referral and
Action Center
8. PDG Leandro March 16, 2001** - - 1st Chief PNP under Arroyo
Mendoza March 17, 2002 Administration

- K.A.I.S.A

K- Keep the readiness of the

Police Units and Personnel to
Serve and Protect the People

A – Administrative Efficiency
and Integrity of Personnel

I – Internal Security Operations

support to the Armed Forces of
the Philippines

S – Support to the
Development of Community
and Gender Awareness

A – Advocacy of Crime
Prevention and Suppression
through the development and
practice of Community
Oriented Policing System
(COPS)

9. PDG Hermogenes March 17, 2002 – August - ONE PNP : Winning the Streets ,
Ebdane 23, 2004 Keeping our Families Safe

O – Organizational Reforms in
operations and procedures to
enhance PNP strengths and
address weaknesses that block
performance.

N – Neighborhood Partnership
for community based anti-
crime programs . Networks of
people and organizations to
build a united front against
crime.

E – Education, Training and

Benefits improvement is our
investment in the police who
will do battle to win the
streets.
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10. PDG Edgar Aglipay August 23, 2004 – March - CARE
14, 2005
C - Courtesy
A - Action
R- Result
E- Example
11. PDG Arturo Lumibao March 14, 2005 – July - Integrated Transformation
5, 2006 Program PNP –ITP

Transforming the PNP into

more capable, effective and
credible police force.

12. PDG Oscar Calderon July 5, 2006 – October 1, - Integrated Transformation

2007 Program PNP – ITP ( Quad
Concept in Crime Prevention)
- The four elements of the PNP
Quad Concept are interlinked,
balancing everything, making
sure that they are synchronized
with the institutions mission,
“to serve and protect”.

• Intelligence
• Investigation
• Operations
• Police Community
13. PDG Avelino Razon Jr. October 1, 2007 – - Integrated Transformation
September 27, 2008 Program PNP –ITP

• Mamang Pulis and

Aleng Pulis
• Ireport mo kay
Mamang Pulis
14. PDG Jesus Verzosa September 27, 2008 – - PNP P.A.T.R.O.L Plan 2030 (
September 14, 2010 LEAD PNP)
15. PDG Raul M. Bacalzo, September 14, 2010 – - PNP P.A.T.R.O.L Plan 2030
Ph.D. September 9, 2011 Eight Foundation Initiatives
16. PDG Nicanor A. September 9, 2011 – - PNP P.A.T.R.O.L Plan 2010 ( 10
Bartolome, Ph.D., December 17, 2012 Points of Action Plan)
CSEE
17. PDG Allan Purisima December 17, 2012 – - PNP PATROL Plan 2030 (COPE –
February 5, 2015 P)

1. Competence
2. Organizational Development
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 3. Discipline
4. Excellence
5. professionalism
PDG Leonardo A. February 5, 2015 – July
Espina (OIC) 16, 2015
18. PDG Ricardo C. July 16, 2015 – June 30, - PNP PATROL Plan 2030 (B2b)
Marquez 2016
19. PDG Ronald “ July 1, 2016 – April 19, - PNP P.A.T.R.O.L Plan 2020 (
Bato”Delarosa 2018 Project “DOUBLE BARREL “ and
Project “TOKHANG”)

Double Barrel is the brainchild

project of the PNP CPNP: PDG
Ronald M. Dela Rosa in consonance
with the marching order of President
Rodrigo Duterte ( upon assumption
to office last June 30, 2016) to
address the worsening illegal drugs
problem in the country.

- The PNP’s anti-illegal drugs

campaign plan which has two
approach , namely Project HVT
targeting High Value Targets which
represents the upper barrel , and
Project Tokhang , a Visayan term for
“ Toktok – Hangyo” which
represents the lower barrel wherein
police officer s will visit and knock on
doors of houses of watch listed
illegal drug users and pushers.
20. PDG Oscar David April 19, 2018 – October - PNP P.A.T.R.O.L Plan 2020
Albayalde 14, 2019 (OCA) One Commendable Act
21. PGEN Archie Gamboa October 14, 2019 – - PNP P.AT.R.O.L Plan 2020 (
January 20, 2020 (OIC) Internal Cleansing and
Achieving of idea Body Mass
January 20, 2020 – index (BMI)
September 2, 2020
22. PGEN Camilo Cascolan March 5, 2020 – March 8, - PNP P.A.T.R.O.L Plan 2030 (
2020 (OIC) CPNP’s 9 Points Agenda)

September 2, 2020 – • Decongestion

November 10, 2020 • Facilitate Development
• Delineation of Responsibilities
• Human Resource/ Skills
Development
• Additional Position and Promotion
• Bayanihan Spirit ( Enhancing Police
Visibility)
• Leadership Development

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 • Enhance Work Performance /
Moral and Welfare
• Sustain the Gains and Enhance the
Implementation of the PNP
P.A.T.R.O.L Plan 2030 beyond
Institutionalization.

23. PGEN Debold Sinas November 10, 2020 -

present