Steady-State 2D Heat Transfer With Conduction: Created in COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6

Created in COMSOL Multiphysics 5.
Steady-State 2D Heat Transfer with Conduction
This model is licensed under the COMSOL Software License Agreement 5.6.
All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. See www.comsol.com/trademarks.
Introduction
This example shows a 2D steady-state thermal analysis including convection to a
prescribed external (ambient) temperature. The example is taken from a NAFEMS
benchmark collection (see Ref. 1).
Model Definition
This example considers 0.6 m-by-1.0 m domain. For the boundary conditions:
• The left boundary is insulated.

• The lower boundary is kept at 100°C.
• The upper and right boundaries are convecting to 0°C with a heat transfer coefficient
of 750 W/(m2·°C).
In the domain use the following material property:
• The thermal conductivity is 52 W/(m·°C).
2 | STEADY-STATE 2D HEAT TRANSFER WITH CONDUCTION

Results
The plot in Figure 1 shows the temperature field in the modeling domain.
Figure 1: Temperature distribution resulting from convection to a prescribed external

temperature.
The benchmark result for the target location (x = 0.6 m and y = 0.2 m) is a temperature
of 18.25°C. The COMSOL Multiphysics model, using a mapped mesh with 9 × 15
quadratic elements, gives a temperature of 18.265°C.
Reference
1. A.D. Cameron, J.A. Casey, and G.B. Simpson, NAFEMS Benchmark Tests for Thermal
Analysis (Summary), NAFEMS, Glasgow, 1986.
Application Library path: COMSOL_Multiphysics/Heat_Transfer/

heat_convection_2d

Modeling Instructions
From the File menu, choose New.
NEW
In the New window, click Model Wizard.
MODEL WIZARD
1 In the Model Wizard window, click 2D.
2 In the Select Physics tree, select Heat Transfer>Heat Transfer in Solids (ht).
3 Click Add.
4 Click Study.
5 In the Select Study tree, select General Studies>Stationary.
6 Click Done.
GEOMETRY 1
Rectangle 1 (r1)
1 In the Geometry toolbar, click Rectangle.
2 In the Settings window for Rectangle, locate the Size and Shape section.
3 In the Width text field, type 0.6.
4 Click Build All Objects.
HEAT TRANSFER IN SOLIDS (HT)
Temperature 1
1 In the Model Builder window, under Component 1 (comp1) right-click
Heat Transfer in Solids (ht) and choose Temperature.
2 Select Boundary 2 only.
3 In the Settings window for Temperature, locate the Temperature section.
4 In the T0 text field, type 100[degC].
Heat Flux 1
1 In the Physics toolbar, click Boundaries and choose Heat Flux.
2 Select Boundaries 3 and 4 only.
3 In the Settings window for Heat Flux, locate the Heat Flux section.
4 Click the Convective heat flux button.

5 In the h text field, type 750.
6 In the Text text field, type 0[degC].
Solid 1
1 In the Model Builder window, click Solid 1.
2 In the Settings window for Solid, locate the Heat Conduction, Solid section.
3 From the k list, choose User defined. In the associated text field, type 52.
No other material properties enter into the domain equations for this stationary model.
MESH 1
Mapped 1
1 In the Mesh toolbar, click Mapped.
2 In the Settings window for Mapped, click Build All.
STUDY 1
In the Home toolbar, click Compute.

RESULTS
Temperature (ht)
1 Click the Zoom Extents button in the Graphics toolbar.
The first default plot group shows the temperature field; compare with Figure 1.
The benchmark value for the temperature at x = 0.6 m and y = 0.2 m is 18.25°C. To
compare this value with that from the simulation, evaluate the temperature in this
position.
Cut Point 2D 1
1 In the Results toolbar, click Cut Point 2D.
2 In the Settings window for Cut Point 2D, locate the Point Data section.
3 In the X text field, type 0.6.
4 In the Y text field, type 0.2.
Point Evaluation 1
1 In the Results toolbar, click Point Evaluation.
2 In the Settings window for Point Evaluation, locate the Data section.
3 From the Dataset list, choose Cut Point 2D 1.
4 Locate the Expressions section. In the table, enter the following settings:
Expression Unit Description

T degC Temperature
5 Click Evaluate.
TABLE
1 Go to the Table window.
The result should be close to 18.265°C.

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Created in COMSOL Multiphysics 5.

Steady-State 2D Heat Transfer with Conduction

• The left boundary is insulated.

In the domain use the following material property:

• The thermal conductivity is 52 W/(m·°C).

2 | STEADY-STATE 2D HEAT TRANSFER WITH CONDUCTION

Figure 1: Temperature distribution resulting from convection to a prescribed external

Application Library path: COMSOL_Multiphysics/Heat_Transfer/

3 | STEADY-STATE 2D HEAT TRANSFER WITH CONDUCTION

HEAT TRANSFER IN SOLIDS (HT)

4 | STEADY-STATE 2D HEAT TRANSFER WITH CONDUCTION

5 | STEADY-STATE 2D HEAT TRANSFER WITH CONDUCTION

Expression Unit Description

6 | STEADY-STATE 2D HEAT TRANSFER WITH CONDUCTION

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