ES G7

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Name: ________________________ Date: ____________ Score: ________

Environmental Science
Quarter 2 – Module 1
The Ecosystem
Objectives:
1. Identify the characteristic of an ecosystem
2. Distinguish the components that make up an ecosystem;
3. Differentiate a food chain from a food web.

PRETEST

True or False DIRECTIONS: Read each statement below. Write TRUE If the
statement deemed to be correct, if not write FALSE

Statement Answer
1. All plants are considered as Producers.

2. Animals that eat ONLY animals are called Carnivores.

3. Animals that eat both plants and animals are called

Ornivores.
4. Animals that eat plants and other animals are called
Conservatories.
5. There are some animals that eat only dead or decaying
materials called Decomposers.
KEY CONCEPTS:

• An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the

nonliving components of their environment (things like air, water, and mineral
soil), interacting as a system.
• A food chain follows one straight path as animals find food.
• A food web consists of many food chains that interconnect and form a complex
web-like pattern.
• By exploring food chains and food webs, you will discover how energy is
transferred from one organism to another.

INTRODUCTION

Ecosystems are composed of organisms

interacting with each other and with their
environment such that energy is exchanged
and system level processes, such as the cycling
of elements, emerge. The ecosystem is a core
concept in Biology and Ecology, serving as the
level of biological organization in which
organisms interact simultaneously with each
other and with their environment. As such,
ecosystems are a level above that of the
ecological community (organisms of different
species interacting with each other) but are at a
level below, or equal to, biomes and the
biosphere. Essentially, biomes are regional
ecosystems, and the biosphere is the largest of
all possible ecosystems.

Ecosystems include living organisms (biotic),

The Ecosystem the dead organic matter produced by them, the
https://images.app.goo.gl/A1KAoe1KeQsjEJbH7
abiotic environment within which the
organisms live and exchange elements (soils, water, atmosphere), and the interactions
between these components. Ecosystems embody the concept that living organisms
continually interact with each other and with the environment to produce complex systems
with emergent properties, such that "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" and
"everything is connected".

In this module, we will discover the connection of every organism to one another in terms
of energy transfers and food.

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 1
Competency: Compare and Contrast the difference between a food chain and a food
web.
 ACTIVITY #1

LOOK AROUND
Look around where you are right now. What do you see? Now, list down the things that
are considered BIOTIC and ABIOTIC factors in your ecosystem right now.

My Ecosystem
Biotic Abiotic

CHECKING OF UNDERSTANDING

How do BIOTIC and ABIOTIC factors of an ecosystem interact with each other? Cite
an example.

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Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 1
Competency: Compare and Contrast the difference between a food chain and a food
web.
 ACTIVITY #2

Suns OUT!!!

Every day, we always see the sun

rising and setting at the same time.
But what does the SUN do to us
human being as well as the other
organisms around us? On this
activity, you need to list down as
many as possible what the sun can
do to planet earth, human beings,
and other organisms. Write it down
around the smiling sun.

https://images.app.goo.gl/NA9XFWX7HH2VvyuT8

ACTIVITY #3

WHAT AM I?
In every ecosystem, there is an organism that plays a vital role and tasks in order to
maintain a plateau or equilibrium of the environment. Your task on this activity is to define
each of them and give at least 2 examples of each (it is better to provide a drawing or
picture of it!)

PRODUCERS CONSUMERS

HERBIVORE CARNIVORE
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Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 1
Competency: Compare and Contrast the difference between a food chain and a food
web.
 OMNIVORE DECOMPOSERS

CHECKING OF UNDERSTANDING

1. Among the organisms above, who plays a vital role in providing energy to an
ecosystem? Why?
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2. How do the producers get energy from the SUN? Explain the process.
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ACTIVITY #4

CHAIN TO THE RHYTHM

Using the organisms you have listed on Activity #2, you need to answer the question
“Who eats whom?” that will help you to create a CHAIN. Put each organism on the circle
below (you can draw it or paste a picture of it). Make sure you use arrows to represent
the order of the organisms on your ecosystem.

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 1
Competency: Compare and Contrast the difference between a food chain and a food
web.
 1. What did you create using the organisms you draw? Define it.
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2. In your food chain, who is the primary consumer? Secondary consumer? And the
tertiary consumer?
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3. What does the arrow on the chain represent?

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ACTIVITY #5

WEAVING THE WEB

After creating your food chains, ask your 3 classmates for their food chains. List it down
on the box below.

On this activity, you need to “weave” all the food chains you and your classmates
created in order to create a connection to each organism. Again, ask yourself “Who eats
whom?” and use arrows. Good luck!

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 1
Competency: Compare and Contrast the difference between a food chain and a food
web.
 WEAVING THE WEB

1. What do all our food chains together look like?

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2. What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?
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3. To whom has mostly the arrows pointed towards? Why?

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4. Who else is part of many food chains?
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REFLECTION

1-to-1
Give one thing you have learn on this module as well one thing you are confused
about and need to review about it.

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___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 1
Competency: Compare and Contrast the difference between a food chain and a food
web.
References

Conserve Energy Future. Accessed June 2020. https://www.conserve-energy-

future.com/what-is-an-ecosystem.php.
2018. Khan Academy. Accessed June 2020.
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology/intro-to-
ecosystems/a/what-is-an-ecosystem.
n.d. Platte Basin. Accessed June 2020.
http://plattebasintimelapse.com/ed/chapter/activities-food-chain-food-web/.
Ruth S. Guzman, Ph.D., Marian Ruth G. Genuino, MSc. 2018. ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCE TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE EARTH. Quezon City: Vibal Publishing.
Sergio J. Lee, Myrna L. Anes. 2010. Lecture Notes on Environmental Science. Manila:
C&E Publishing Inc.

POST TEST

Part I

Multiple Choice - DIRECTIONS: Read each statement below. Encircle properly the letter
of your answer.

1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of energy flow within an

ecosystem?
A. Carnivores > Herbivores > Scavengers > Producers
B. Herbivores > Producers > Carnivores > Scavengers
C. Producers > Carnivores > Herbivores > Scavengers
D. Producers > Herbivores > Carnivores > Scavengers

2. Which of the following is an example of decomposers?

A. Humans
B. Red Wolves
C. Trees
D. Worms

3. What is called to the non-living part of an ecosystem?

A. Abiotic
B. Anti-biotic
C. Biotic
D. Semi-biotic

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 1
Competency: Compare and Contrast the difference between a food chain and a food
web.
 4. Which of the following choices below include ONLY biotic parts of an
ecosystem?
A. Rain, Grass, Seeds, Mice
B. Mice, Dolphin, Branches, Snake
C. Sand, Air, Water, Sunlight
D. Bacteria, Soil, Minerals, Worms

5. Why is Wind considered as an abiotic factor?

A. Is not related to biodiversity
B. Is not in any ecosystem
C. Is a non-living thing
D. Is in equilibrium

Part II

True or False - DIRECTIONS: Read each statement below. Write AGREE if your answer
to the statement is TRUE while write DISAGREE if your answer to the statement is
FALSE.

Statement Answer
1. All plants are considered as Producers.

2. Animals that eat ONLY animals are called Carnivores.

3. Animals that eat both plants and animals are called

Ornivores.
4. Animals that eat plants and other animals are called
Conservatories.
5. There are some animals that eat only dead or decaying
materials called Decomposers.

Part III

Word Pool - DIRECTIONS: Read each statement below. Find the corresponding WORD
on the box that matches the statement

Nutrients Food Chain Herbivores Sun

Carnivores Consumers Scavenger Omnivores
Food Pyramid Photosynthesis Producers Food Webs

_________________ 1. It gives energy (thru light) to plants.

_________________ 2. A consumer that eats dead animals.

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 1
Competency: Compare and Contrast the difference between a food chain and a food
web.
 _________________ 3. These are organisms that eat ONLY plants.
_________________ 4. These are organisms that eat ONLY animals.
_________________ 5. These are organisms that produce their own food.
_________________ 6. These are organisms that eat EITHER plants or animals.
_________________ 7. An interconnected food chain that is more complex and has
wide selection.
_________________ 8. These are organisms that do not create their own food and
must consume either plants or animals.
_________________ 9. This is a relationship between producers, consumers and
decomposers showing who eats whom using arrows.

_________________ 10. This is the formation of carbohydrates (to make food) from
carbon dioxide and a source of hydrogen in the chlorophyll-containing cells exposed
to light.

Prepared by:

Charles Emmanuel G. Isidro

Teacher, City of Mandaluyong Science High School

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 1
Competency: Compare and Contrast the difference between a food chain and a food
web.
Glossary

• Abiotic - the non-living, chemical and physical components of the ecosystem (soil,
atmosphere, rock, etc.)
• Biotic – the living component of an ecosystem (humans, plants, animals, etc.)
• Carnivore - an organism that obtains nutrients from the blood or flesh of an animal
• Decomposer - An organism such as bacteria and fungi that breaks down dead
organisms and their wastes
• Detritivore - a consumer that obtains its nutrients from detritus
• First-order Consumer - the organism that eats the producer
• Food Chain - A food chain is a series of organisms showing feeding relationships.
A food chain almost always begins with a green plant (producer) which is eaten by
an animal (consumer). The arrow means 'is eaten by', and shows the flow of
matter and energy along the food chain.

Example of a Food Chain:

Grass (Producer) Grasshopper (1st order Consumer) Kookaburra
(2nd order Consumer)

• Food Web - a network of interrelated food chains in a given area

• Herbivore - a plant-eater
• Omnivore - an organism which eats both plant and animal matter
• Producer - usually a green plant that produces its own food by photosynthesis
• Scavenger - a consumer that eats dead animals (e.g. crab)
• Second-order Consumer - the organism that eats or derives nutrients from the
first-order consumer
• Trophic Level - A trophic level is each level in a food chain. Matter is always 'lost'
as heat energy at each trophic level.

___________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Science MELC - Quarter 2 Week No. 1
Competency: Compare and Contrast the difference between a food chain and a food
web.