The Dental Home

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THE DENTAL HOME: A PRIMARY CARE ORAL HEALTH CONCEPT

Primary health care according to the World Health Organization is essential health care based
on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made
universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full
participation. Another simpler definition is the medical care a patient receives upon first
contact with the health care system before referral elsewhere within the established system.
The concept of primary health care always brings into mind the provision of medical assistance
and services to those in need but this whole concept does not necessarily have to be confined
to the field of medicine only. It can be successfully applied to other paramedical fields such as
dentistry because integration of oral health into overall health is very important.

This gave birth to the idea of a dental home. Even though dental caries is a preventable disease,
which can be controlled and monitored through regular dental visits, many children continue to
experience dental caries. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey suggests that
more than quarter of US children age 2-5 years and more than half the children age 6-8 years
had dental caries in the period of 1999-2004. Also, the 2007-08 Rhode Island Third Grade Oral
Health Survey reported that about half of third graders had experienced dental caries even
though they had dental insurance. The study suggests that being covered under dental
insurance did not effectively facilitate access to preventive oral health services, especially for
children aged between 1-5 years. There are many reasons that can explain such a finding; many
parents may not be aware of the need to access early oral health services and the
recommended age for a child’s first dental visit.

The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) strongly supports the concept of a dental
home for all infants, adolescents and adults with special health care needs. The interaction
between patients, parents, dental professionals and non dental professionals can create
awareness of all issues that have an impact on a patient’s oral health. Pediatric primary care
providers also play an important role in promoting child oral health. Thus , pediatric primary
health/ dental care is best delivered where comprehensive, continuously accessible, family
centered, compassionate and culturally effective care is delivered by qualified child health
specialists. Hence, a dental home is a practice that embraces children early and continues to
follow them periodically through life as they grow older. It may begin in the office of a pediatric
dentist and move on to that of a family dentist once the child is comfortable and confident
enough to be treated by a general dental practitioner. The advantages of a dental home cannot
be emphasized enough as it drives for early intervention with optimal preventive strategies
based on the risk assessment of the patient.

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POLICY STATEMENT OF A DENTAL HOME:

1. The AAPD encourages parents and other care providers to help every child establish a dental
home by 12 months of age.

2. The AAPD recognizes a dental home should provide:


a) Comprehensive oral health care including acute care and preventive services in accordance
with AAPD periodicity schedules
b) Comprehensive assessment for oral diseases and conditions
c) Individualized preventive dental health program based upon a caries risk assessment and a
periodontal disease risk assessment
d) Anticipatory guidance about growth and development issues (i.e. teething, digit or pacifier
habits)
e) Plan for acute dental trauma
f) Information about proper care of the child’s teeth and gingiva. This would include the
prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease of the supporting and surrounding tissues and
the maintenance of health, function, and esthetics of those structures and tissues
g) Dietary counseling
h) Referrals to dental specialists when care cannot directly be provided within the dental home
i) Education regarding future referral to a dentist knowledgeable with adult oral health issues
for continuing oral health care.

3. The AAPD advocates interaction with early intervention programs, schools, early childhood
education and childcare programs, members of the medical and dental communities, and other
public and private community agencies to ensure awareness of age specific oral health issues.

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