CHAPTER 6

TECHNOLOGY AS WAY OF REVEALING

Name: Mariel C. Bombita SN: 20-00864 Course/Year/Section: BAC-1 Date: May 10,
2021
A. Choose the best answer from the following sentences. Write ONLY the letter of your
answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. D
2. A
3. D
4. C
5. B
B. Fill in the blanks to complete the following sentences.
6. What can only be pursued through the correct according to Heidegger? True
7. Science and technology are responsible for the society to be continuously modernized.
8. Humans desire to put an order to nature to better understand and control it is known as
calculative thinking.
9. Technology as a way of revealing is a mode of bringing forth.
10. Techne is a Greek word which encompasses not only craft, but other acts of the mind and
poetry.
11. The omnipresence of science and technology should allow the human person to flourish
alongside scientific progress and technological development.
12. Polesis refers to the act of bringing something out of concealment.
13. Destining challenges forth humans by enframing to reveal what is real.
14. Technology is defined as a human activity because to achieve an end and to produce and
use a means to an end is, by itself, a human activity.
15. Aletheia means to disclose or unconceal.
16. When humans allow nature to reveal itself to them without the use of force or violence is
what is called as meditative thinking.
17. Enframing refers to humankind’s desire to control everything according to their desires.
18. Technology is a means to an end such that it is an instrument to get things done.
19. Episteme refers to the human ability to make and perform.
20. If modern technology makes people think how to do things faster, more effectively, and with
less effort, then its way of revealing is a way of challenging forth.

CHAPTER 7
THE GOOD LIFE

Name: Mariel C. Bombita SN: 20-00864 Course/Year/Section: BAC-1 Date: May 10,
2021

A. Direction: Some if not all the choices in each given can satisfy the question, however,
choose the letter of the best answer to each item.

1. B

2. A

3. C

4. A

5. C

B. For your answers, write which school of thought (materialism, hedonism, stoicism,
theism and humanism) is described in each statement below.

1. Hedonism

2. Humanism

3. Stoicism

4. Materialism

5. Humanism

6. Materialism

7. Materialism

8. Stoicism

9. Theism

10. Humanism
 CHAPTER 8
WHEN TECHNOLOGY AND HUMANITY CROSS

Name: Mariel C. Bombita SN: 20-00864 Course/Year/Section: BAC-1 Date: May 10,
2021

1. Discuss how television sets, mobile phones and computers developed in terms of

a. occurrence
Television - Paul Gottlieb Nipkow, a German student, in the late 1800’s was successful in his
attempt to send images through wires with the aid of a rotating metal disk. This invention was
then called the "electric telescope" that had 18 lines of resolution. After some time, in 1907, two
inventors, Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton, an English scientist, and Boris Rosing, a Russian
scientist, developed a new television system that used the cathode ray tube in addition to
mechanical scanner systems, namely, mechanical and electronic television (Jezek, n.d.).
Mobile Phones - On April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, a senior engineer at Motorola, made the
world’s first mobile phone call. He called their rival telecommunications company and properly
informed them that he was making a call from a mobile phone. The mobile phone used by
Cooper weighed 1.1 kilograms and measured 228.6 x 127 x 44.4 mm. This kind of device was
capable of a 30-minute talk time. However, it took 10 hours to charge. In 1983, Motorola made
their first commercial mobile phone available to the public. It was known as the Motorola Dyna
TAC 8000X (Goodwin, 2016).
Computers - It was Charles Babbage, a nineteenth-century English Mathematics professor,
who designed the analytical engine which was used as the basic framework of computers even
until the present time. In general, computers can be classified into three generations. Each
generation of the computer was used for a certain period of time and each gave people a new
and improved version of the previous one (Steitz, n.d.).

b. how the humanity needs them

Television - According to Kantar Media, one of the most trusted television audience
measurement providers, in the Philippines, 92 percent of urban homes and 70 percent of rural
homes own at least one television set. It is for this reason why television remains to be the
ultimate medium for advertisement placements (The Manila Times, 2014). This survey simply
shows that almost all Filipinos use this particular type of device. In fact, Filipinos are believed to
have this big fascination with television. Most of the time, they watch television during their free
time or at any time of the day when they have nothing important to do. In addition to this, Kantar
Media also reported that in the Philippines, the current number of households with television
sets has already reached 15.135 million (Noda, 2012). This number signifies something, that is,
television plays a great role in the lives of the people or, in this case, the Filipinos.
Mobile Phones - Filipinos love to use their mobile phones anywhere, anytime. More than half of
the Filipino population own at least one mobile phone regardless of type. Mobile phones are
considered a must have among young Filipinos (ABS-CBN News, 2010).
Computers - Computers and laptops have become part of many Filipino households. There are
some Filipino families who own more than one computer or laptop. However, the number of
computers or laptops sold per year may not be as high as the number of mobile phones and
television sets. This is because of the relatively higher cost of computers and laptops. While it is
true that almost all Filipino families own at least one television set and a mobile phone, it is not
possible for all Filipino families to own at least one computer laptop. In fact, most of the profits
gained by computer and laptop manufacturers come from offices, businesses, or schools where
such devices have become part of their necessities.

2. How does these technologies (television sets, mobile phones and computers) affect
the life of human beings?
Television sets, mobile phones, and computers or laptops all have different purposes
and play different roles in people's lives. People, especially Filipinos, have developed a strong
inclination toward technology and its products as a result of these roles being so important.
Advertising and information dissemination are the primary uses of television. In reality, different
advertising companies continue to use television as their primary medium, not just in the
Philippines but around the world. Television, according to various advertising firms, is also one
of the most technological devices available today. For most Filipino communities, it also acts as
a leisure activity and a strong stress reliever. Television is also an outstanding vehicle for
propaganda and advocacy in different ways.
Mobile phones, on the other hand, play an important role in people's lives. They are
often used to communicate. Texting and calling are two services available on mobile phones.
Previously, these were the only functions of a cell phone, but as technology advanced, several
more features were added to mobile phones. People, for example, prefer to use their phones to
browse the internet and take pictures rather than text or call. This is why an increasing number
of people around the world are opting for smartphones over older models. The added
capabilities of smart phones make this technical device very appealing to the general public. It's
more like an all-in-one gadget. Furthermore, since it can fit into a small room, it is very compact
and convenient.
Personal computers and laptops have a variety of features and tasks that are useful.
While mobile phones now have most of the functions of these technological devices, they still
have their own unique features that make them appealing. Because of the larger displays,
separate keyboard, and ability to use a mouse or touch pad, many people do tend to do their
work on a monitor or laptop rather than a smartphone. Personal computers and laptops are the
best option for youth and those who enjoy playing video games because they allow them to play
in comfort and convenience. However, it can not be denied that some would even prefer laptops
over personal computers for the simple reason that there are times when they need to bring
such devices to different places. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that some would even prefer
laptops over personal computers because often they have to carry them to different locations.
3. Cite at least two ethical dilemmas brought by these technological advancements.
Suggest ways to avoid them.
1. Most parents would argue that these devices make their children lazy and unhealthy.
WAYS TO AVOID THEM
• Confine up to 30 minutes at a time with use of TV, computers and mobile devices. Make sure
that the average display time per day does not surpass guidelines made by the age group.
• Plan the time to use the computer and plan for your child enjoyable physical activities at times.
• Do not put TV and electronic devices in the bedroom of your child and put those devices away.
• Tech-free periods including meals, homework and bedtime should be observed. You may also
identify "tech-free" areas for your kids, for instance in the bedroom, dining room and car.
• Teach your child the value of moderation from an early age. When your child uses technology
with caution and follows the rules you've developed, be sure to compliment them.
• Use the computer with your child to keep an eye on entry. Take advantage of this opportunity
to speak, connect, and share family values.
2. People, especially children who are not capable yet of rationally deciding for
themselves what is right or wrong, are freely exposed to different things on television,
mobile phones, laptops, or computers.
WAYS TO AVOID THEM
• Keep screen time to a minimum – When it comes to when your child should use his or her
phone or tablet, be firm. Set aside a certain number of hours after school and during the
weekend to do this if your 8-year-old uses a tablet to play app games and use learning
resources for homework. If you're allowing your 15-year-old to carry a smartphone to school,
make sure you pick it up when he or she gets home (and for dinner and bedtime). To create a
balance between the real world and the cyber world, create an "online" and "offline" plan.
• Turn on the privacy settings – You can allow or install a variety of features, such as location
tracking, parental control for internet content, and mobile use monitoring apps, based on how
your child uses their computer. This will keep your child safe and secure while still safeguarding
his or her privacy. It's also crucial to discuss smart usernames and passwords with your child,
as well as what information is and isn't acceptable to share online.
• Address health concerns and other dangers – Teach your child about the dangers of using
smartphones and other electronic devices excessively. It is important to emphasize to teenagers
the importance of not texting and driving. You should also discuss with your children the
importance of avoiding unpleasant discussions that could lead to cyberbullying.
• Keep track of your technology usage and create a model for it – Consider how you can set a
strong digital example for your child by not taking your phone to the dinner table, never driving
while texting, and shutting off all devices and placing them in a common area long before
bedtime. Children mimic what adults do, and they profit greatly when healthy digital behaviors
and standards are set for them.
• Make a contract with your child – Create a customized family plan to direct your technology
usage by devoting 20 minutes to your family's online well-being. There are several online tools
and applications that can assist you in having an open discussion about online activities and
agreeing to healthy boundaries. You should then make an official family contract to keep as a
reminder in your house.

4. Discuss the roles played by robotics in humans.

Robots play a variety of roles in people's lives as well as in society as a whole. They are
mostly used to reduce human workload. They were created in order to make life easier and less
stressful. They are capable of performing complex tasks that humans are unable to do. They do
the easiest tasks at home so that their masters can focus on the more difficult ones without
being distracted by the easy ones. There are also robots designed for entertainment. To be
more precise, these robots engage in tasks that are intended to entertain people. Typically, they
can be found in theme parks or shows. There are also several robots that were produced to be
used as toys. They also engage in a variety of sports, most of which are child-friendly.

5. Cite at least two ethical dilemmas brought by Robotics. Suggest ways to avoid them.
1. Safety – Who should be held accountable if someone’s safety is compromised by a
robot? Who should be blamed, the robot, the agent using the robot, or the
maker/inventor of the robot?
WAYS TO AVOID THEM
• Define what constitutes ethical conduct.
Ethical values must be expressed as quantifiable parameters by AI researchers and ethicists.
To put it another way, they need to give machines clear answers and decision rules for any
ethical dilemmas they might face. This would necessitate humans agreeing on the most ethical
course of action in any given situation, which would be a difficult but not impossible task.
• Crowdsource our morality
To properly train AI algorithms, engineers must collect enough data on explicit ethical steps.
Even if we identify precise metrics for our ethical values, if there isn't enough unbiased data to
train the models, an AI system can fail to detect them. Since ethical standards cannot be clearly
standardized, obtaining adequate data is difficult.
• Make AI more visible.
Policymakers must establish guidelines that make AI ethical decisions more transparent,
especially in terms of ethical benchmarks and outcomes. We cannot consider "the algorithm did
it" as an acceptable justification if AI systems make errors or have unintended consequences.
Human inspectors cannot examine neural networks because they are too complex. Instead,
more clarity about how engineers quantified ethical values before programming them, as well as
the results that AI has generated as a result of these decisions, is required. This may mean that,
in the case of self-driving vehicles, accurate records of all autonomous decisions are held at all
times to ensure ethical transparency.
2. Emotional component – What if robots become sentient? Should they be granted robot
rights? Should they have their own set of rights to be upheld, respected, and protected
by humans?
WAYS TO AVOID THEM  
• Robots should be handled differently, and new legislation should be enacted to account for the
new characteristics they have acquired.
 CHAPTER 9
THE INFORMATION AGE

Name: Mariel C. Bombita SN: 20-00864 Course/Year/Section: BAC-1 Date: May 10,
2021

Write your answers on a separate sheet. Do not forget to write your full name, student
number, course, year and section, class schedule, and name of your professor.

I. Multiple Choice. Select your answer from the choices given and write only the letter of your
answer on your answer sheet.

1. B

2. A

3. C

4. D

5. C

6. A

7. A

8. D

9. B

10. C

II. Identification (2 points per item)

1. Briefly explain “Information Anxiety”.

Information anxiety is produced by the ever-widening gap between what we
understand and what we think we should understand. Information anxiety is the black
hole between data and knowledge. It happens when information doesn't tell us what we
want or need to know.
 2. In no more than 2 sentences, briefly define what the “Internet” is.
The Internet is a vast network that connects computers all over the world.
Through the Internet, people can share information and communicate from anywhere
with an Internet connection.
3. Give three (3) negative effects of the Internet.
a. Major breaches of privacy and security
b. The proliferation of fake news
c. Harmful actions such as cyberbullying
4. Give two (2) advantages of the Internet.
a. Information, knowledge, and learning.
b. Connectivity, communication, and sharing.
5. Give three (3) reliable Web Sources.
a. AFA e-Newsletter (Alzheimer’s Foundation of America newsletter)
b. American Memory – the Library of Congress historical digital collection
c. Bartleby.com Great Books Online – a collection of free e-books including fictions,
nonfictions, references, and verses.

III. Essay (5 points)

1. In 2 paragraphs, detail the importance of getting information from a credible

source.
The quality or power of inspiring belief is described as "credibility." As a result,
credible sources must be trustworthy sources that provide knowledge that can be
trusted. Since the internet is littered with biased, deceptive, and outright false
information, it's important to always double-check that the information we're collecting
comes from a reliable source. We must always fact check any information we see or
receive, especially now that fake news is so prevalent and has become the standard. It
is our responsibility to check all details before sharing them with others.
Evaluating sources of information is important not only in our day-to-day
interactions, whether on social media or in person. In academic writing, research papers,
and even in the workplace, getting knowledge from a reliable source is important. In
these scenarios, it is important that you compile facts from reliable sources so that you
can easily back up your assertions if you are asked to do so. As a result, obtaining
information from reliable sources will improve your credibility and trustworthiness. Using
 untrustworthy sources can only have negative effects, which is why we should avoid
doing so in the first place.

2. On pages 2-3 of this Learning Material is the Timeline of the Information Age,
identify the time which you think is the most important. In 5 sentences, explain
why you think so.
I believe that the year 3000 BC, when the Sumerian writing system used
pictographs to represent words, is the most significant because we would still be living in
simple, small communities if no type of writing had ever been invented, but more
complex social structures (for example, cities) seem to lead to the development of a
writing system to keep track of things like food stores and rations. Without the ability to
write down facts, scientific advancement would be somewhat different; all knowledge
would have to be passed down orally or illustrated graphically. In a world without
language, we'd probably have a much sharper eye for detail and meaning in images: in
days when few laypeople could read, church art would be rich in symbolism and textual
detail, enabling them to "read" stories of saints and the Bible and help memorize them.
Without the opportunity to write, the things we'd like to recall, such as stories and
histories, will have to be remembered by people. After writing was invented, it spawned
a slew of new innovations that aided in the development of technical advances that have
become widely used and beneficial in our everyday living.
 CHAPTER 10 10
BIODIVERSITY AND THE HEALTHY SOCIETY

Name:
Mariel C. Bombita SN: 20-00864 Course/Year/Section: BAC-1 Date: May 10, 2021

Write your answers on a separate sheet. Do not forget to write your full name, student
number, course, year and section, class schedule, and name of your professor.

I. Multiple Choice. Select your answer from the choices given and write only the letter of your
answer on your answer sheet.

1. D

2. A

3. C

4. A

5. D

6. A

7. C

8. B

9. A

10. C

ll. Essay (5 points per item). Answer briefly.

1. Nutrition and biodiversity are linked at many levels. Give specific examples to prove
this.
 Nutrition and biodiversity are linked at many levels: the ecosystem, with food production
as an ecosystem service; the species in the ecosystem and the genetic diversity within species.
Nutritional composition between foods and among varieties/cultivars/breeds of the same food
can differ dramatically, affecting micronutrient availability in the diet. Healthy local diets, with
adequate average levels of nutrients intake, necessitates maintenance of high biodiversity
levels.

2. Can every action of mankind be considered as biodiversity loss? Why or why not?

No, but it is true that many people are unaware of the harm they are causing to
biodiversity. However, humans must recognize their effect on biodiversity because without it,
human life will be impossible. If nothing changes in the way humans use resources on Earth,
biodiversity will continue to deteriorate until human life can no longer be maintained. Human
population numbers, land use, and lifestyles all have an effect on biodiversity, causing harm to
species' ecosystems. Humans must recognize how their activities impact biodiversity and the
value of preserving what biodiversity remains on the planet. The human population would be
able to maintain life on Earth for longer if adequate education is provided and governments are
forced to make decisions that protect biodiversity.

3. Define what an environment-related disease is and explain how they are acquired.

Environmental-related diseases are non-communicable diseases caused by repeated

exposure to hazardous chemicals in the environment. They are acquired by the ingestion of
such chemicals. You are more likely to become sick if you are exposed to more chemicals.

4. “In 2015, approximately 350,000 children under the age of five (mostly in the
developing world) died from diarrheal diseases related to unsafe drinking water.” Why do
developing countries suffer most from environment-related problems?

Environmental-related problems has the greatest effects on developing countries, and

they are also the least likely to cope with its implications. Multiple factors contribute to their
vulnerability, limiting their ability to prevent and react to the effects of it. It also has the potential
to reverse these countries' major development gains.

Environmental problems has a particularly detrimental effect on women and girls in

developing countries. This exacerbates existing social inequality and jeopardizes the health,
protection, and economic well-being of women and girls. Gender inequality and development
gaps exacerbate the effects of environmental problems on women, especially those whose
livelihoods rely on natural resources.

5. As a student, think of ways you can promote a healthier society without compromising
biodiversity.

I'd be able to encourage a healthy society without jeopardizing biodiversity by launching

an awareness campaign, educating and informing people about ways they can help protect the
environment. Another choice is to publish a post on social media, with the content of the post
being the following.

WAYS TO PROTECT BIODIVERSITY

• To be sure, look for items with eco-labels.

• As a family, recycle all plastic and glass items.

• Reduce or eliminate the use of aerosol products.

• Invest in environmentally friendly appliances for your home and workplace.

• Using energy-saving light bulbs in your home.