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    CABI Presentation - Yelitza Colmenarez - CPHD 2021

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    Dr Yelitza Colmenarez - CABI - presentation to Caribbean Plant Health Directors Forum - August, 2021

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    CABI Presentation - Yelitza Colmenarez - CPHD 2021

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    Dr Yelitza Colmenarez - CABI - presentation to Caribbean Plant Health Directors Forum - August, 2021

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    CABI Presentation -Yelitza Colmenarez- CPHD 2021

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    Dr Yelitza Colmenarez - CABI - presentation to Caribbean Plant Health Directors Forum - August, 2021

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    230 views30 pages

    CABI Presentation - Yelitza Colmenarez - CPHD 2021

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    CABI
    Dr Yelitza Colmenarez - CABI - presentation to Caribbean Plant Health Directors Forum - August, 2021

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Invasive Species: Neulecinodes elegantalis, Tomato Fruit Borer – impact in
    South American, other pest for consideration
    in regional prioritization activities
    Dra. Yelitza Colmenarez – CABI Latin America

    CPHD 2021
    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE
    what is CABI?
    CABI is a not-for-profit science-based
    development and information
    organization

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    what does CABI do?
    CABI addresses issues of global
    concern such as food security,
    through science, information and
    communication
    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE
    CAB International (CABI) Member Countries

    Anguilla Australia Bahamas Bangladesh Bermuda Botswana British Virgin Brunei


    Islands Darussalam

    Burundi Canada Chile China Colombia Cote d’Ivoire Cyprus DPR Korea

    Gambia Ghana Grenada Guyana India Jamaica Kenya Malawi

    Malaysia Mauritius Montserrat Myanmar The Netherlands Nigeria Pakistan Papua New
    Guinea

    Philippines Rwanda Sierra Leone Solomon South Africa Sri Lanka St Helena Switzerland
    Islands

    Tanzania Trinidad & Uganda United Vietnam Zambia Zimbabwe


    Tobago Kingdom

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Latin America &
    Caribbean

    • High Biodiversity
    • Intense trade
    • Movement of people
    and products
    • New species
    introduce
    Invasive species – Global Threat for
    Agricultural Production & Food Security

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Food Security
    • Invasive weeds can reduce crop yields
    and stock carrying capacity by 90%
    Health
    • Major impact on humans and animals
    Gender
    • Weeding is a back-breaking and time
    consuming task often performed by
    women
    Trade
    • 40% of EU Border Rejections due to
    pesticide residues
    Biodiversity
    • Biggest threat after habitat loss

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Limited Resources and Infrastructure
    Quarantine

    Point of Entry
    What factors affect food security worldwide?
    Introduction of new Pests/pathogens species

    Helicoverpa Citrus leafminer Anastrepha obliqua Bactrocera carambolae


    armigera

    Rhynchoporus Rastrococcus Red Palm Mite Lethal Yellowing Papayae


    ferrugineus invandens mealybug

    Neoleucinodes Drosophila
    Scirtothrips dorsalis Diaphorina citri Sago Palm Scale elegantalis Suzukii

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Introduction of new pests/diseases in Latin America

    Zebra Chip
    European Canker of apples Plum pox virus Lethal Yellowing
    Liberibacter solanacearum

    Tomato spotted ringspot virus Rastrococcus Frosty pod rot


    invandens Moniliophthora roreri Colletotrichum kahawae - Café

    Diaphorina citri Sago Palm Scale Erwinia amylovora


    Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Criteria for prioritization

    It varies according to the country

    1. Panama disease - Fusarium oxysporum 1. Coffee berry disease -Colletotrichum kahawae -


    f. sp. cubense (race 4) in Banana –- Fungus
    Fungus

    ● Prediction of the economic impact that could cause in the country / commodity

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Key commodities the Caribbean

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Criteria for prioritization
    Proximity – How close to your country the pest-pathogen is?
    Introduction vs Establishment

    Global distribution of Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae


    (lethal yellowing (LY)) (Source: CABI 2021)

    ● Prediction of the economic impact that could cause in the country / commodity

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Access to relevant information
    CABI tools and platforms

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Invasive Species Compendium

    www.cabi.org/isc
    Content
    ● Improved Distribution Maps portals
    ● Toolbox
    ● Horizon scanning
    ● Pest Risk Analysis (PRA)
    Resources
    ● Diagnostics
    ● Communication Materials
    ● Data
    ● Abstracts
    ● News

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE
    Processes - Using Key Tools
    Pest and Disease Prioritization - Pest Risk Analysis

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Prioritization of pests and diseases
    1. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (race 4) Banana–Fungus

    2. Tomato leaf miner– Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) – Insect

    3. Tomato borer - Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: NNNN)

    4. Zebra Chip –Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum – Bacteria – Transm. Bactericera cockerelli

    5. Prodiplosis longifila (Gagne) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

    6. Banana bunchy top virus - (BBTV) – Virus

    7. Lethal Yellowing - Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae


    (lethal yellowing (LY)) - Phytoplasma

    8. Phytophthora pod rot : Phytophthora megakarya - Fungus

    9. Banana: Xanthomonas wilt- Xanthomonas campestris pv. Musacearum - Bacteria

    10. African cassava mosaic virus - (ACMV) - Virus

    11. Tomato ringspot vírus - Virus

    12. Frosty pod rot: Moniliophthora roreri - Fungus

    13. Coffee berry disease -Colletotrichum kahawae - Fungus

    14. Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae)

    15. Bactrocera carambolae (Diptera: Tephritidae)

    16. Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii in corn- Bacteria

    17. Vascular-streak dieback (VSD) in Cocoa: Oncobasidium theobromae - Fungus

    18. Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. Phaseolicola in beans- Bacteria

    19. Bacteriosis Vascular del arroz - Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae - Bacteria

    20. Swollen shoot virus (CSSV) in Cocoa: transmitted by Planococcoides njalensis – Virus

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
    Global Distribution

    Global distribution of Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Source: EPPO 2021)

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
    Damage caused

    ● Major hosts: Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), Capsicum annuum (green


    pepper), Solanum melongena (eggplant), S. ovigerum (ornamental white
    eggplant)

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
    Damage caused

    ● Larvae imitate the


    damage entering
    the fruit, leaving an
    exit hole
    ● Difficult control as
    the larvae get
    protected inside
    the fruit
    ● Larval damage can
    cause fruits to fall
    prematurely,
    leaving them
    unmarketable

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
    Impact on Tomato Production

    ● causes economic losses throughout South America in many solanaceous


    vegetable
    ● Damage in South America can range from 6 to 70%
    ● Estimated losses in Brazil due to N. elegantalis range from 45 to 90%

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Introduction of invasive species from the Americas to Asia and Africa

    Tuta absoluta distribution map (CABI, 2021)

    Photo: aegro.com.br Photo: senasica.mx Photo: Newpharm & garden Photo: Yelitza Colmenarez

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Zebra Chip – Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum
    Global distribution

    Global distribution of Zebra Chip –Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (Source: CABI 2021)

    Zebra chip is caused by a bacterial infection (Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum) and an


    insect, the tiny tomato-potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli), which carries the disease from plant
    to plant. Zebra chip damages plants and produce of many important crops including potato,
    tomato, carrot and other vegetables.

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Zebra Chip – Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum
    Global distribution Vector: Bactericera cockerelli
    (Hemiptera: Triozidae)

    Zebra chip (ZC) is an emerging disease of potato


    which is causing losses of millions of dollars to
    the potato industry in
    US, Mexico, Central America, and New Zealand,
    occasionally leading to the total
    abandonment of potato fields

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Vector: Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae)
    Global Distribution

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Key information Surveillance

    Prioritized species – Vector Affected crops Evaluation of susceptible


    – Transmitted disease areas in each country

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Importance of Diagnostic Systems
    Nacional- Regional- International

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    Surveillance = community based action

    Development
    communication
    and extension

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE


    CABI is an international intergovernmental organisation, and we gratefully acknowledge
    the core financial support from our member countries (and lead agencies) including:

    Ministry of Agriculture and


    Rural Affairs,
    People’s Republic of China

    KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE

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