Morphology of

5
CHAPTER
Flowering Plants
1. Monocot plants are characterised by the presence of 9. Floral formula represents
(a) tap roots (b) fibrous roots (a) position of flower
(c) annulated roots (d) stilt roots (b) symmetry of a flower
2. Prop roots of Banyan tree are meant for (c) functions of a flower
(a) respiration (d) diagrammatic notation of floral characters
(b) absorption of water in soil 10. A plant with both male and female flowers borne
(c) retention of water in soil over it is
(d) providing support to big tree (a) Monoecious (b) Dioecious
3. Root is distinguishable from stem in (c) Unisexual (d) Bisexual
(a) having a root cap 11. A flower zygomorphic when
(b) having root hairs (a) Any transverse section divides it into two
(c) absence of nodes and internodes equal halves
(d) All of these (b) Only one transverse section divides it into
4. Ginger is an underground stem. It is distinguished two equal halves
from root because (c) Every vertical section passing through its
centre divides it into two equal halves
(a) it lacks chlorophyll (d) Only one vertical section passing through
(b) it stores food its centre divides it into two equal halves
(c) it has nodes and internodes 12. Which one of the following is an endospermic
(d) it has xylem and vessels seed ?
5. Rachis is present in (a) Pea (b) Bean
(a) pinnate compound leaf (c) Gram (d) Castor
(b) palmate compound leaf 13. Fruit of Groundnut is
(c) both correct (a) legume (b) caryopsis
(d) both wrong (c) berry (d) nut
6. Parallel venation occurs in 14. Floral formula of tomato/tobacco is
(a) monocots (b) dicots (a) K4–5 A10 G(2)
(c) all angiosperms (d) ferns
7. The most important function of inflorescence is (b) K 2+2 C 4A2+4G 1
to help in (c) P2 A 3G1
(a) forming large number of fruits
(b) attracting insects for cross-pollination (d) K(5) C(5)A5 G(2)
(c) dispersal of seeds
(d) release of pollen grains 15. Vivipary is characteristic of
8. Thalamus is (a) mesophytes (b) xerophytes
(a) base of flower (c) hygrophytes (d) halophytes
(b) base of ovary 16. Fruit of Mangifera indica is
(c) modification of pollen (a) Berry (b) Drupe
(d) modification of petal (c) Capsule (d) Siliqua
40 Question Bank-BIOLOGY
17. Botanical name of Cauliflower is 27. What is eye of potato?
(a) Brassica oleracea var. capitata (a) Axillary bud (b) Accessory bud
(b) Brassica campesteris (c) Adventitious bud (d) Apical bud
(c) Brassica oleracea var. botrytis 28. In a cereal grain the single cotyledon of embryo
(d) Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera is represented by
18. Pulses are obtained from (a) scutellum (b) prophyll
(a) fabaceae (b) asteraceae (c) coleoptile (d) coleorhiza
(c) poaceae (d) solanaceae 29. The technical term used for the androecium in a
19. A perennial plant differs from biennial in flower of China rose (Hibiscus rosa sinensis) is:
(a) having underground perennating structure (a) monadelphous (b) diadelphous
(b) having asexual reproductive structures (c) polyandrous (d) polyadelphous
(c) being tree species 30. Sweet potato is homologous to
(d) not dying after seasonal production of (a) potato (b) Colocasia
flowers (c) ginger (d) turnip
20. Plant having column of vascular tissues bearing 31. Racemose is a type of –
fruits and having a tap root system is (a) Flower (b) Inflorescence
(a) monocot (c) Stem (d) All
(b) dicot 32. Function of stem is –
(c) gymnosperm (a) bear leaves and branches
(d) succulent (b) conduction of water & minerals
21. Cymose is (c) conduction and storage of food
(a) thalamus (b) fruit (d) All
(c) inflorescence (d) ovary 33. Which is not a stem modification ?
22. Diadelphous stamens are found in family (a) Rhizome of ginger
(a) Malvaceae (b) Solanaceae (b) Corm of Colocasia
(c) Fabaceae (d) Liliaceae (c) Pitcher of Nepenthes
23. Which one of the following is a true fruit?
(a) Apple (b) Pear (d) Tuber of potato
(c) Cashew nut (d) Coconut 34. Main function of leaf is –
24. Which part of the coconut produces coir? (a) manufacture of food
(a) Seed coat (b) Mesocarp (b) exchange of gases
(c) Epicarp (d) Pericarp (c) both 1 and 2
25. Most plants are green in colour because (d) None of the above
(a) the atmosphere filters out all the colours of 35. Arrangement of leaves on a stem branch is –
the visible light spectrum except green (a) venation (b) vernation
(b) green light is the most effective wavelength (c) infloresecence (d) phyllotaxy
region of the visible spectrum in sunlight for 36. A modification of leaf is –
photosynthesis (a) Tendrils (b) Phylloclade
(c) chlorophyll is least effective in absorbing (c) Cladode (d) Corm
green light 37. The fourth whorl of flower is of
(d) green light allows maximum photosynthesis (a) petals (b) stamens
26. Floral features are chiefly used in Angiosperms (c) carpels (d) sepals
identification because 38. Capsule is the fruit of –
(a) flowers are of various colours (a) Cruciferae (b) Malvaceae
(b) flowers can be safely pressed (c) Liliaceae (d) Solanaceae
(c) reproductive parts are more stable and 39. Fruit of brinjal –
conservative than vegetative parts (a) Berry (b) Hesperidium
(d) flowers are nice to work with (c) Drupe (d) Pome
Morphology of Flowering Plants 41
40. A true fruit develops from – 51. The edible part in Gram is :
(a) ovary (b) thalamus (a) mesocarp (b) endosperm
(c) petals (d) receptacle (c) cotyledons (d) aril
41. Pneumatophores are found in – 52. Flower is complete when it has
(a) the vegetation which is found in marshyand (a) calyx, corolla, androecium & gynaecium
saline lake (b) calyx & corolla
(b) the vegetation which found in saline soil (c) androecium & gynaecium
(c) xerophytes (d) corolla, androecium & gynaecium
(d) epiphytes 53. Sucking roots are present in
42. Stilt roots occur in – (a) Tubisoire (b) Betel
(a) groundnut (b) rice (c) Cuscuta (d) Orchids
(c) sugar cane (d) wheat 54. Which of the following does not have stomata ?
43. Major source of protein is – (a) Hydrophytes
(a) Oryza sativa (b) Mesophytes
(b) Cicer arietinum (c) Xerophytes
(c) Beta vulgaris (d) Submerged hydrophytes
(d) Rhizobium leguminosarum 55. Leaves arise from which part of plant?
44. Which of the following genera is characterised (a) Rhizome (b) Stem
by the production of geocarpic fruits ? (c) Internode (d) Node
(a) Cucurbita (b) Pisum 56. Which of the following is not an insectivorous
(c) Glycine (d) Arachis plant ?
45. An edible inflorescence is – (a) Drosera (b) Nepenthes
(a) Brassica rapa (b) Brassica juncea (c) Opuntia (d) Utricularia
(c) Raphanus sativus (d) Brassica oleracea 57. Rhizome which grows vertically upwards are
46. Which is correct pair for edible part ? (a) corms (b) stolon
(a) Tomato - Thalamus (c) bulbils (d) root stock
(b) Maize - Cotyledons 58. A plant which lives on another plant but do not
(c) Guava - Mesocarp take food or anything from plant is called
(d) Date palm - Pericarp (a) endophyte (b) epiphyte
47. Which is insectivorous plant? (c) parasite (d) host
(a) Balanophora (b) Orobanche 59. Wheat is which of the following types of fruit?
(c) Rafflesia (d) Nepenthes (a) Berry (b) Nut
48. Water logged soil is (c) Caryopsis (d) Legume (pod)
(a) physically wet 60. Botanical name of banana is
(b) physiologically dry (a) Musa paradisica (b) Phaseolus vulgaris
(c) physiologically wet (c) Ricinus communis (d) Ananas sativus
(d) physically dry 61. Thorn is a modification of
49. Buds of garlic have (a) leaf (b) root
(a) greatly reduced stems (c) stem (d) flower
(b) no stem 62. Insectivorous plant catch insect for :
(c) extensive root system (a) Na (b) Ca
(d) no leaves (c) N (d) carbohydrate
50. Imparipinnate leaf is the one where 63. Aleurone layer is
(a) leaflets are borne in pairs (a) remnant of endosperm
(b) leaflets are small (b) a proteinous layer covers the endosperm
(c) leaflets are large (c) peripheral part of endosperm
(d) rachis is terminated by an odd leaflet (d) disintegrated secondary nucleus
42 Question Bank-BIOLOGY
64. Which plant will lose its economic value if its (c) (i) and (iv) are correct but (ii) and (iii) are
fruits are produced by induced parthenocarpy? wrong.
(a) Brape (b) Pomegranate (d) (ii),(iii) and (iv) are correct but (i) is wrong.
(c) Banana (d) Orange
65. Which is correct pair for edible part? 72. Select the correct statements.
(a) Tomato - Thalamus (i) From the region of elongation, some of the
(b) Maize - Cotyledons epidermal cells form root hairs.
(c) Guava - Mesocarp (ii) Pneumatophores are seen in Rhizophora.
(d) Mango - Mesocarp (iii) Adventitious roots are seen in the Banyan
66. Keel is characteristic of the flowers of: tree.
(a) Gulmohur (b) Cassia
(c) Calotropis (d) Bean (iv) Maize and sugarcane have prop roots.
67. Long filamentous threads protruding at the end (a) (i) and (iv) (b) (i), (iii) and (iv)
of the young cob of maize are (c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and(iii)
(a) styles (b) ovaries
(c) hair (d) anthers 73. Match the column-I with column-II and choose
68. Indigofera (dye) obtained from the plant of the the correct option-
family – Column - I Column-II
(a) Leguminosae (b) Fabaceae (Type of aestivation) (Examples)
(c) Liliaceae (d) Solanaceae A. Valvate I. Cotton
69. The 3-sub-families of Leguminosae are distin-
guished mainly on the basis of – B. Twisted II. Calotropis
(a) nature of gynoecium C. Imbricate III. Bean
(b) nature of corolla and stamens D. Vexillary IV. Gulmohar
(c) nature of habit of the plants
(d) nature of fruit (a) A – I; B – II; C – IV; D – III
70. The side of a flower facing the mother axis is (b) A – II; B – I; C – IV; D – III
called– (c) A – II; B – IV; C – I; D – III
(a) anterior side (b) posterior side
(c) dorsal side (d) ventral side (d) A – II; B – I; C – III; D – IV
71. Study the following statements and select the 74. Match the following and choose the correct
correct option combination from the options given.
(i) Buds are present in axil of leaflets of the Column-I Column-II
compound leaf. (Family) (Androecium formula)
(ii) Pulvinus leaf-base is present in some
leguminous plants. A. Brassicaceae I. A3 + 3
(iii) In Alstonia, the petioles expand, become B. Fabaceae II. A(5)
green and synethesize food. C. Solanaceae III. A(9) + 1
(iv) Opposite phyllotaxy is seen in guava. D. Liliaceae IV. A2 + 4
(a) (ii) and (iv) are correct but (i) and (iii) are (a) A – IV; B – III; C – II; D – I
wrong.
(b) (i) and (iii) are correct but (ii) and (iv) are (b) A – I; B – II; C – III; D – IV
wrong. (c) A – II; B – III; C – IV; D – I
(d) A – III; B – IV; C – I; D – II
Morphology of Flowering Plants 43
75. Matching the following and choose the correct (c) A– II, B – IV, C –VI, D– I, E – III, F – V,
option. G – VII
Column I Column II (d) A – I, B – III, C– V, D – VII, E – II, F – IV,
A. Coleorhiza I. Grapes G – VI
77. Which of the following option is correct?
B. Food storing tissue II. Mango
C. Parthenocarpic fruit III. Maize
D. Single seeded fruit IV. Radicle
developing from
monocarpellary
superior ovary
E. Membranous V. Endosperm
seed coat
(a) A – III, B – I, C – IV, D – II, E – V A B C D
(b) A – IV, B – II, C – V, D – I, E –III (a) Lamina Axillary bud Stipule Leaf base
(c) A – V, B – I, C – III, D – IV, E –II (b) Lamina Stipule Axillary bud Leaf base
(d) A – IV, B – V, C – I, D – II, E – III (c) Lamina Axillarybud Stipule Pedicel
76. Match column-I with column-II and choose the (d) Leaflet Axillary bud Stipule Leaf base
correct option.
78. Identify the different types of aestivation (A, B,
Column-I Column-II C and D) and select the correct option.
(Members of Fabaceae) (Economic Importance)
A. Gram, sem, moong, I. Medicine
soyabean
B. Soyabean,groundnut II. Ornamental
C. Indigofera III. Fodder (a) A-Valvate, B-Twisted, C-Imbricate,
D. Sunhemp IV. Fibres D-Vexillary
E. Sesbania, Trifolium V. Dye (b) A-Vexillary, B-Valvate, C-Twisted,
F. Lupin, sweet potato VI. Edible oil D-Imbricate
G. Mulethi VII. Pulses (c) A-Imbricate, B-Vexillary, C-Valvate,
(a) A – I, B – II, C –III, D – IV, E – V, F – VI, D-Twisted
G – VII (d) A-Twisted, B-Imbricate, C-Vexillary,
(b) A – VII, B – VI, C –V, D – IV, E – III, F –II, D-Valvate
G– I
44 Question Bank-BIOLOGY
79. Match column - I, II and III and choose the correct option.
Column-I Column-II Column-III

A. Marginal I. p. Sunflower, Marigold

B. Axile II. q. Dianthus, Primrose

C. Parietal III. r. Mustard, Argemone

D. Free Central IV. s. China rose, Tomato, Lemon

E. Basal V. t. Pea

(a) A -V, t; B- II, s; C -I, r; D -III, q; E -IV, p

(b) A- I, t; B - II, s; C - III, r; D - IV, p; E - V, q
(c) A- V, p; B - II, s; C - I, q; D - III, r; E - IV, t
(d) A - V, p; B - III, q; C - II, s; D - I, t; E - IV, r
80. Choose the correct option.

(a) Epicarp, Mesocarp, Seed, Endocarp

(b) Epicarp, Mesocarp, Ovule, Endocarp
(c) Epicarp, Mesocarp, Ovary, ndocarp
(d) Epicarp, Mesocarp, Embryo, ndocarp
81. Aleurone layer helps in
(a) storage of food in endosperm
I II (b) protection of embryo
A B C D (c) utilization of stored food
(d) All of the above
Morphology of Flowering Plants 45
ANSWER KEY
1 (b) 11 (d) 21 (c) 31 (b) 41 (a) 51 (c) 61 (a) 71 (a)
2 (d) 12 (d) 22 (c) 32 (d) 42 (c) 52 (a) 62 (c) 72 (d)
3 (d) 13 (a) 23 (d) 33 (c) 43 (b) 53 (c) 63 (b) 73 (b)
4 (c) 14 (d) 24 (b) 34 (a) 44 (d) 54 (d) 64 (b) 74 (a)
5 (a) 15 (d) 25 (c) 35 (d) 45 (d) 55 (d) 65 (d) 75 (d)
6 (a) 16 (b) 26 (c) 36 (a) 46 (d) 56 (c) 66 (d) 76 (b)
7 (b) 17 (c) 27 (c) 37 (c) 47 (d) 57 (d) 67 (a) 77 (a)
8 (a) 18 (a) 28 (a) 38 (c) 48 (b) 58 (b) 68 (b) 78 (a)
9 (d) 19 (d) 29 (a) 39 (a) 49 (a) 59 (c) 69 (b) 79 (a)
10 (a) 20 (b) 30 (d) 40 (a) 50 (d) 60 (a) 70 (b) 80 (a)
81 (c)

HINTS & SOLUTIONS

2. (d) Prop or pillar or columnar roots: They are pillar- fused with seed coat. It is a characteristic of family
like roots which give extra mechanical support to heavy Poaceae.
stem branches. e.g., Banyan tree. 14. (d) Tomato and tobacco both belong to the family
5. (a) It is the most familiar and wide spread type of Solanaceae. Solanaceae has some identifying
compound leaf in which the rachis is elongated and characteristics-bicarpellary, syncarpous superior
bears two rows of simple or divided leaflets. The ovary, axile plancentation, fruit is berry or capsule.
leaflets arranged alternately or in pairs along with the 15. (d) Special type of seed germination is characteristic
rachis. of halophytes growing in saline conditions is vivipary.
6. (a) In parallel venation (striate venation), veins and The seed germination occurs inside the fruit while it is
veinlets run parallel to each other. Parallel venation is attached to the parent plant.
the characteristic feature of monocots. 16. (b) Drupe isa fleshy one seeded, indehiscent fruit e.g.,
7. (b) The most important function of inflorescence is it Mangifera indica.
makes flower more conspicuous to pollinating agents 17. (c) Cauliflower has the scientific name Brassica
(insects/birds) so that chances of cross-pollination are oleracea belonging to the variety botrytis.
high. 18. (a) Pulses which are economically important belong
8. (a) The broadened base of flower which lies at the tip to the family Fabaceae.
of pedicel is called torus or thalamus or receptacle. 19. (d) Perennials survive for more than two years and
9. (d) Floral formula is a symbiotic and numerical way produce flowers and fruits during specific seasons.
to provide information about : number, position, 20. (b) Dicots possess tap root system.
cohesion and adhesion of floral parts, symmetry of the 23. (d) The fruit is a mature or ripened ovary. When a
flower and sexuality of the flower. fruit develops exclusively from the ovary, it is said to
10. (a) A plant bearing flowers of both sexes, i.e., be true fruit. When in addition to the ovary, some other
staminate and pistillate flowers, e.g., ricinus, zea mays floral parts also participate in the formation of fruits,
(maize) and cucurbits. then it is known as false fruit. Apple, pear, cashewnut,
12. (d) Castor is an endospermic (Albuminous seed). In mulberry, etc are all false fruits.
albuminous seeds, embryo not consumed all endosperm. 24. (b) Coir is a coarse fibre extracted from the fibrous
So, it persists in the mature seed. In these seeds food outer shell of a coconut. Coir fibres are found between
stored in endosperm. the husk andthe outer shell of a coconut. The individual
13. (a) Legume is a dehiscent dry fruit produced from a fibre cells are narrow and hollow, with thick walls made
monocarpellary superior ovary. Caryopsis is dry and of cellulose. They are pale when immature but later
one seeded fruit which developed from a superior become hardened and yellowed as a layer of lignin is
monocarpellary ovary. In this the pericarp is closed and deposited on their walls.
46 Question Bank-BIOLOGY
25. (c) The leaves appear green because of the pigment 59. (c) Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is caryopsis type of
chlorophyll which does not absorb green light rather fruit. Caryopsis is simple fruit which develops from
reflects it back. monocarpellary, unilocular ovary. The fruit is small and
26. (c) Reproductive parts (floral features) are more stable one seeded. The pericarp is fused with the seed coat.
and conservative than vegetative parts, which exhibit Such fruits are found in family Gramineae or Poaceae
changes due to the environmental factors quite readily. eg. wheat, rice, maize etc. The fruit is indehiscent.
So floral features are more reliable. 60. (a) Botanical name of banana is Musa paradi-sica.
27. (c) Axillary bud is the bud arising in the axil of branch. 62. (c) Insectivorous plants trap insects for extra diet
Apical bud arises at the apex. Adventitious bud arises further and are not solely dependent on them as they
from any location other than its usual location. can photosynthesize e.g., Nepenthes.
28. (a) Single cotyledon of embryo in cereal grain is
represented by scutellum. Coleoptile represent the 64. (b) The development of fruit without fertilization is
covering of stem. Coleorhiza represents the covering of called parthenocarpy. Parthenocarpy is induced to
root. produce seedless variety of fruits. And since in
29. (a) Hibiscus belongs to Malvaceae family. It possess pomegranate seeds form edible part, it will loose its
numerous stamens that are called monadelphous. importance if parthenocarpy is induced.
30. (d) Sweet potato and turnip both are roots and 66. (d) Keel is the characteristic of the flowers of family
become modified for special functions, the most papilionaceae. For example, bean, gram, pea, etc.
common being the formation of tuberous roots for food The flowers of this family have butterfly shaped
storage. corolla. The outermost petals of these flowers is the
40. (a) Atrue fruit develops from ovary. largest and is called vexillum, the two largest petals are
48. (b) Water logged soil is physiologically dry. similar and have wings and the twoanterior petals called
When soil is waterlogged, plants literally drown. Water keel are fused enclosing stamens and carpels.
fills all the air spaces between the soil particles and this 67. (a) Long filamentous threads of maize are the styles
prevents oxygen from reaching the roots. of the ovaries. In fact these are the longest styles in
49. (a) Bud of garlic have greatly reduced stems. A corm plants.
is an underground, vertical, compressed stem with 71. (a) A bud is present in the axil of petiole in both simple
reduced scale leaves. Garlic bulbs consist mostly of and compound leaves, but not in the axil of leaflets of
individual segments called cloves. the compound leaf. In Australian Acacia, the petioles
50. (d) Imparipinnate leaf is one where rachis is terminated expand become green and synthesize food.
by an odd leaflet. Pinnate with a single terminal leaflet.
52. (a) Flower is complete when it has calyx, corolla, 72. (d) The zone of elongation region of a root increases
androecium and gynaecium. length of the root. The external cells possess the power
53. (c) Sucking roots are present in Cuscuta reflexa. It is of absorption of water and minerals salts from the soil.
non-chlorophyllous parasitic plant. These roots have The root hair zone represents the zone of
specialized sucking organ called as haustorium that differentiation or maturation because different types of
absorbs required food material from the host plant. primary tissues differentiate or mature in this region.
54. (d) Submerged hydrophytes do not have stomata (a Maize and sugarcane have stilt roots.
protective mechanism in aquatic plants against water 80. (a) In mango and coconut, the fruit is known as drupe.
logging of internal cells and tissues). Drupe develops from monocarpellary superior ovaries.
55. (d) The leaf is green, lateral appendage, borne on the
node of the stem and bears bud in its axil, exogenous in In mango, the pericarp is differentiated into an
origin and develops from the leaf primordia of shoot outer thin epicarp, middle fleshy edible mesocarp and
apex. The main function of the leaf is to synthesize food an inner stony hard endocarp. In coconut, the mesocarp
in the process of photosynthesis. is represented by the fibrous part.
57. (d) Rhizome is a prostrate, branched horizontally 81. (c) The major part of the grain is occupied by a large
growing stems having nodes and internodes. Vertical endosperm which is rich in starch. The endosperm has
rhizome is also called root stock. one to three layered peripheral protein layer called
58. (b) Epiphytes are those plants which live on another aleurone layer which separates the embryo with
plant for shelter but do not take food or any thing from endosperm.
that plant.