Instrumental Analysis II
Instrumental Analysis II
Instrumental Analysis II
Department of Chemistry
Course Outline
Course Title: Instrumental Analysis II Module Name: Instrumental Analysis
Course Code: Chem 3052 Module code: Chem-M2051
Cr. Hrs/ECTS: 3/5 Prerequisite: Chem2051
Course Description
Introduction to the subject matter; analytical methods based on the interaction of electromagnetic
radiation with matter; atomic absorption and emission spectroscopy; instrumentation for spectroscopy;
ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy; infrared; nuclear magnetic resonance; fluorescence;
phosphorescence.
Learning Outcomes
By the end of this course students should be able to:
Describe the theory behind techniques of spectrochemical analysis.
Describe different types of analysis for the estimation of the concentration of an unknown solution
Identify different parts of selected instruments, draw block diagrams for different instruments and
describe their respective functions.
Define Possible terms used in the analysis such as resolution, spectroscopy, absorption and
emission of EMR;
Describe the underlying principles of spectral analysis.
Discuss the qualitative and quantitative applications of different spectral analysis
Elucidate structure of compounds from spectra by using data from joint spectroscopic techniques;
Course Outline
1. Introduction to Spectroscopy
1.1 Electromagnetic Radiation and its interaction with matter
1.2 Electromagnetic radiation and its quantum mechanical property
1.3 Absorption and Emission of Radiation
1.4 The electromagnetic spectrum
2. Absorption Laws (Quantitative Analysis)
2.1 Lambert-Beer's Law
2.2 Deviation from Beer's Law
2.3 Errors associated with Beer's Law
3. Instruments for optical spectroscopy
3.1 Components of optical instruments
3.1.1 Source of Radiation
3.1.2 Wave-length selectors
3.1.3 Sample containers
3.1.4 Radiation Detectors
3.1.5 Read out detectors and signal amplification systems
3.2 Optical systems used in spectroscopy: Single beam versus double beam
4. Atomic Absorption and emission spectroscopy
4.1 Principles
4.2 Instrumentation
4.3 Analytical Applications
5. Ultraviolet and Visible (UV-Vis) Spectroscopy
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Basic Principles
5.3 Absorption characteristics of some chromophores
5.4 Instrumentation
5.5 Application
6. Infrared Spectroscopy
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Energy levels in vibrating and rotating molecules
6.3 Characteristic vibrational frequencies
6.4 Factors affecting group frequencies
6.5 Instrumentation
6.6 Interpretation of some spectra
7. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR)
7.1 Basic principle of NMR
7.2 NMR spectrometers
7.3 Proton NMR
7.4 C–13 NMR
7.5 Interpretation of NMR spectra
8. Mass spectroscopy (MS)
8.1 Basic Principle of MS
8.2 MS spectrometers
8.3 Interpretation of MS spectra
9. Structure elucidations by joint application of different spectroscopic methods: UV, IR, NMR and
mass spectrometry
Mode of delivery:
Lecture, group discussion, seminar on selected topics, reading assignments.
Mode of Assessment
Assessment Breakdown %
continuous assessment (not more than 10% for each) 50
End of Semester Examination 50
Reference
1. D.A. Skoog and J.J. Leary, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 4 th Ed. Saunders College
Publishing, 1992.
2. J.W. Robinson, Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis, 5 th ed, Marcel Dekkers Inc. 1995
3. D.A. F. Rouessac and A. Rouessac, Chemical Analysis; Modern Instrumentation Methods and
Techniques, 6th Edition, John Willey & sons Ltd, 2007
4. C.N. Banwell and E.M. McCash, Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, McGraw Hill, 1994.
5. R.M. Silverstein, G.C. Bassler and T.C. Morril, Spectrometric Identification of Organic
Compounds, 5th ed., John Willey and sons, 1991.
6. J. Hollas, Modern Spectroscopy, 3rd Ed. John Willey and sons, 1996.
7. L.D. Field, S. Sternhell and S. Kalman, Organic structure from spectra, 2 nd ed., John Willey and
sons, 1995.
8. D.H. Williams and I. Fleming, Spectroscopic method in organic chemistry, 5 th ed. McGraw Hill,
1995.
9. H. Gunter, NMR Spectroscopy, 2nd ed., John Willey and sons, 1995.
10. J.R. Chapman, Organic Mass Spectrometry, 2nd ed.; John Willey and Sons, 1993.