Aakash Package Solution

Chapter 3
Motion in a Straight Line
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
1. A body in one dimensional motion has zero speed at an instant. At that instant, it must have
(1) Zero velocity (2) Zero acceleration
(3) Non-zero velocity (4) Non-zero acceleration
Sol. Answer (1)
Magnitude of velocity = Speed
So, if the speed is zero then it must have zero velocity also.
2. A particle is moving along a circle such that it completes one revolution in 40 seconds. In 2 minutes 20 seconds,
displaceme nt
the ratio is
distance
1 2 1
(1) 0 (2) (3) (4)
7 7 11
Sol. Answer (4)

T = 40 s
If t = 2 minute 20 second
= 2 × 60 + 20
= 140 s
1
So, it has completed 3 revolution. B A
2
Distance travelled = 3 × 2R + R
= 7R
Displacement = 2R
|Displacement| 2R 2 1
= = =
Distance 7R 22 11
7
7
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40 Motion in a Straight Line Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
3. Consider the motion of the tip of the second hand of a clock. In one minute (R be the length of second hand),
its
(1) Displacement is 2R (2) Distance covered is 2R
(3) Displacement is zero (4) Distance covered is zero
Sol. Answer (3) B
The second hand of the clock in minute covers an angle of A
360º and the initial and final positions are same.
So, Displacement  0
4. The position of a body moving along x-axis at time t is given by x = (t2 – 4t + 6) m. The distance travelled
by body in time interval t = 0 to t = 3 s is
(1) 5 m (2) 7 m (3) 4 m (4) 3 m
Sol. Answer (1)
x = t2 – 4t + 6
dx
 2t  4
dt
At t = 2 s, particle is at rest and reverses its position so,
x |t 0 6 m
4m
x |t 2 s 2 m
1m
x |t 3 s 3 m
Distance = (4 + 1) m = 5 m
Displacement = 3 m
5. If a particle is moving along straight line with increasing speed, then

(1) Its acceleration is negative (2) Its acceleration may be decreasing
(3) Its acceleration is positive (4) Both (2) & (3)
Sol. Answer (2)
If the speed of body is increasing then acceleration is in the direction of velocity.
It may be positive or negative.
If acceleration is in negative direction then acceleration is increasing but in negative side, so it will be called
as decreasing.
6. At any instant, the velocity and acceleration of a particle moving along a straight line are v and a. The speed
of the particle is increasing if
(1) v > 0, a > 0 (2) v < 0, a > 0 (3) v > 0, a < 0 (4) v > 0, a = 0
Sol. Answer (1)
For increasing speed both velocity (v) and acceleration (a) are in the same direction.
7. A particle moves along x-axis with speed 6 m/s for the first half distance of a journey and the second half
distance with a speed 3 m/s. The average speed in the total journey is
(1) 5 m/s (2) 4.5 m/s (3) 4 m/s (4) 2 m/s
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Motion in a Straight Line 41
Sol. Answer (3)
If a body travels equal distance with speed v1 and v2 then average speed is given by
2v1v 2 263
v av    4 ms 1
v1  v 2 63
8. If magnitude of average speed and average velocity over a time interval are same, then
(1) The particle must move with zero acceleration
(2) The particle must move with non-zero acceleration
(3) The particle must be at rest
(4) The particle must move in a straight line without turning back
Sol. Answer (4)
The magnitude of average speed and average velocity can only be equal if object moves in a straight line without
turning back. In that condition distance will be equal to displacement.
9. If v is the velocity of a body moving along x-axis, then acceleration of body is
dv dv du dx
(1) (2) v (3) x (4) v
dx dx dx dv
Sol. Answer (2)
dv dv dx ⎛ dx ⎞
a  ⎜⎝  velocity⎟
dt dx dt dt ⎠
vdv
a
dx
10. If a body is moving with constant speed, then its acceleration

(1) Must be zero (2) May be variable (3) May be uniform (4) Both (2) & (3)
Sol. Answer (2)
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. The magnitude of velocity (i.e., speed) is constant but it may
change in direction. So, acceleration may be variable due to change in direction.
11. When the velocity of body is variable, then

(1) Its speed may be constant (2) Its acceleration may be constant
(3) Its average acceleration may be constant (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
If velocity is changing they may change in magnitude or direction or both.
(i) So, if velocity is changing in direction only the magnitude is constant so speed is constant.
(ii) If only direction of velocity is changing and magnitude is constant then acceleration will also be constant
in magnitude (in case of uniform circular motion).
(iii) Average acceleration may be constant.
v 2  v1
aav 
t 2  t1
12. An object is moving with variable speed, then

(1) Its velocity may be zero (2) Its velocity must be variable
(3) Its acceleration may be zero (4) Its velocity may be constant
Sol. Answer (2)
If speed is changing then velocity must change.
13. The position of a particle moving along x-axis is given by x = 10t – 2t2. Then the time (t) at which it will
momently come to rest is
(1) 0 (2) 2.5 s (3) 5 s (4) 10 s
Sol. Answer (2)
x = 10t – 2t2
dx
v  10  4t
dt
v = 0, at the time of coming to rest, so
10 – 4t = 0
t  2.5 s
14. A car moves with speed 60 km/h for 1 hour in east direction and with same speed for 30 min in south direction.
The displacement of car from initial position is
(1) 60 km (2) 30 3 km (3) 30 5 km (4) 60 2 km

Sol. Answer (3)
Displacement of car = 602  302  30 5 km

60 km
O A
V = 60 km/h Distance OA = Speed × Time
t=1h ⇒ 60 × 1 h = 60 km
30 km
t 2t
15. A person travels along a straight road for the first time with a speed v1 and for next time with a speed
3 3
v2. Then the mean speed v is given by
v 1  2v 2 1 1 2 1 3v 2
(1) v  (2)  
v 3v 1 3v 2 (3) v  2v 1v 2 (4) v  2v 1
3 3
Sol. Answer (1)

t 2t
v1   v2 
Distance Speed  Time 3 3
v av   
Time Time t 2t

3 3
v1 2v 2
 v1  2v 2
 v  3 3  v1  2v 2  v av 
av 3
1 3
16. If the displacement of a particle varies with time as x  t  7 , then
(1) Velocity of the particle is inversely proportional to t
(2) Velocity of the particle is proportional to t2
(3) Velocity of the particle is proportional to t

(4) The particle moves with constant acceleration
Sol. Answer (4)
x  t 7
 x  (t  7)2
 t 2  49  14t (squaring)
dx
 2t  14
dt
v  2t  14  v  t
Acceleration :
dv
a
dt
a  2 ms2  constant
17. A boat covers certain distance between two spots in a river taking t1 hrs going downstream and t2 hrs going
upstream. What time will be taken by boat to cover same distance in still water?
t1  t 2 2t1t 2
(1) (2) 2(t2 – t1) (3) (4) t1t 2
2 t1  t 2
Sol. Answer (3)

For upstream, Speed  v – u (where v  man and u  water)
For downstream, Speed  v + u
d d d
t up  t down  tstill 
v u v u v
d d 2t1t 2
t2  t1  t still 
v u v u t1  t 2
 d  (v  u ) t2 ...(i)  d  (v  u ) t1 ...(ii)
On equating (i) and (ii)
(v – u) t2 = (v + u) t1
 vt2 – ut2 = vt1 + ut1
 v(t2 – t1) = u(t1 + t2)
v (t2  t1 )
 u
t2  t1
⎛ v (t2  t1 ) ⎞ ⎛t t t t ⎞
So, d  ⎜ v  ⎟ t2  vt2 ⎜ 1 2 2 1 ⎟
⎝ t1  t 2 ⎠ ⎝ t1  t2 ⎠
d 2t t
 12
v t1  t 2  Remember as shortcut
18. A particle starts moving with acceleration 2 m/s2. Distance travelled by it in 5th half second is
(1) 1.25 m (2) 2.25 m (3) 6.25 m (4) 30.25 m
Sol. Answer (2)
S2.5 – S2 = ? (distance travelled in 5th half second)
1 2
S2.5  ut  at a = 2 ms–2
2
1 1 2 3 4 5
 S2.5   2  (2.5)2  6.25 m (∵ u  0)
2 t=0 1 t=1 3 t=2 5
t t t
2 2 2
1
S2  24  4 m
2
So, S2.5  S2  2.25 m
19. The two ends of a train moving with constant acceleration pass a certain point with velocities u and 3u. The
velocity with which the middle point of the train passes the same point is
3
(1) 2u (2) u (3) 5u (4) 10 u
2
Sol. Answer (3)

Final velocity
Initial velocity
v 2  u2
Velocity at the mid-point =
2
(When acceleration is constant)

Given, v = 3u, u = u
9u 2  u 2 10u 2
So, v mid  
2 2
v mid  5u 2  5u  v mid
20. The initial velocity of a particle is u (at t = 0) and the acceleration a is given by t3/2. Which of the following
relations is valid?
3 t 3 2 5/2
(1) v = u + t3/2 (2) v  u  (3) v  u  t (4) v = u + t5/2
2 5
Sol. Answer (3)
a  t 3/2 (acceleration is a function of time)

v t
∫ dv  ∫ adt
u 0
v t
3/2
 ∫ dv  ∫ t dt
u 0
t
v t 3/2  1
 v u 
3
1
2 0
2
 (v  u )    5  t 5/2  0
2 5/2
 v  u  5 t
2 5/2
 v u t
5
Note : The equations of kinematics are valid only for constant acceleration, here a is a function of 't' so
we didn't apply those equations.
21. A train starts from rest from a station with acceleration 0.2 m/s2 on a straight track and then comes to rest
after attaining maximum speed on another station due to retardation 0.4 m/s2. If total time spent is half an
hour, then distance between two stations is [Neglect length of train]
(1) 216 km (2) 512 km (3) 728 km (4) 1296 km
Sol. Answer (1)
1  2
Shortcut : S  T
2
  Acceleration
  Deceleration (magnitude only)
T  Time of journey
S  Distance travelled
Given,  = 0.2 ms–2
 = 0.4 ms–2
T = half an hour = 30 × 60 s = 1800 s
1 ⎛ 0.2  0.4 ⎞ 2
S ⎜ ⎟  (1800)
2 ⎝ 0.2  0.4 ⎠
 S = 216000 m
 S  216 km
22. The position x of particle moving along x-axis varies with time t as x = Asin (t) where A and  are positive
constants. The acceleration a of particle varies with its position (x) as
(1) a = Ax (2) a = – 2x (3) a = A x (4) a = 2 x A
Sol. Answer (2)
x = Asin t
dx
 A cos t
dt
d2x
   A 2 sin t
dt 2
 a  2 x (∵ A sin t  x )
23. A particle moves in a straight line and its position x at time t is given by x2 = 2+ t. Its acceleration is given
by
2 1 1 1
(1) (2)  (3)  (4)
x3 4x 3 4x 2 x2
Sol. Answer (2)
1 1
x2 = t + 2   ....(i)
x 2 t2
 x  t2
1
dx 1 1
  (t  2) 2
dt 2
1
dx 1 
  (t  2) 2
dt 2
1
d2x 1 ⎛ 1⎞  1
  ⎜⎝  ⎟⎠ (t  2) 2
dt 2 2 2
3
1  1 1 1 1 1
 a =  (t  2) 2 =   =   
4 4(t  2) 1 4 x2 x
(t  2) 2
1
 a
4x3
24. A body is projected vertically upward direction from the surface of earth. If upward direction is taken as positive,
then acceleration of body during its upward and downward journey are respectively
(1) Positive, negative (2) Negative, negative (3) Positive, positive (4) Negative, positive
Sol. Answer (2)
Whether body move upwards or downwards
the earth tries to pull it downwards only. u
Hence during both the motion g will negative. g
So, negative, negative
25. A particle start moving from rest state along a straight line under the action of a constant force and travel
distance x in first 5 seconds. The distance travelled by it in next five seconds will be
(1) x (2) 2 x (3) 3 x (4) 4 x
Sol. Answer (3)
Body starts from rest and moves with a constant acceleration, then the distance travelled in equal time intervals
will be in the ratio of odd number. (Galileo's law of odd number)
x1 : x2  1 : 3
x : x2  1 : 3
x 1
 
x2 3
 x2  3 x
26. A body is projected vertically upward with speed 40 m/s. The distance travelled by body in the last second
of upward journey is [take g = 9.8 m/s2 and neglect effect of air resistance]
(1) 4.9 m (2) 9.8 m (3) 12.4 m (4) 19.6 m
Sol. Answer (1)
As the motion under gravity is symmetric, so distance travelled in last second of ascent is equal to first second
of descent.
t=1s (1st second)
v=0
1
 x2  ut  g  12 x1 x2
2
1
x2   9.8  12 (∵ u  0)
2
 x2  4.9 m
This distance is constant for every body thrown with any speed.
27. A body is moving with variable acceleration (a) along a straight line. The average acceleration of body in time
interval t1 to t2 is
t2 t2
a[t 2  t1 ] a[t 2  t1 ] ∫ a dt
t1
∫ a dt
t1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 2 t 2  t1 t 2  t1
Sol. Answer (4)
t2
∫ a dt
Change in velocity t1
Average acceleration =  aav 
Time t2  t1
28. A body is projected vertically upward with speed 10 m/s and other at same time with same speed in downward
direction from the top of a tower. The magnitude of acceleration of first body w.r.t. second is {take g = 10 m/
s2}
(1) Zero (2) 10 m/s2 (3) 5 m/s2 (4) 20 m/s2
Sol. Answer (1)
The acceleration of first body
a1 = 10 ms–2
a2 = 10 ms–2
arel = a1 – a2 = 10 ms–2 – 10 ms–2 = 0
29. The position of a particle moving along x-axis given by x = (–2t3 + 3t2 +5)m. The acceleration of particle at
the instant its velocity becomes zero is
(1) 12 m/s2 (2) –12 m/s2 (3) –6 m/s2 (4) Zero
Sol. Answer (3)
x  ( 2t 3  3t 2  5) m
dx
  6t 2  6t  v
dt
d2x
  12t  6 (for v = 0, 6t = 6t2 t = 1 s)
dt 2
a t 1 s  12  6  6 ms 2
30. A car travelling at a speed of 30 km/h is brought to rest in a distance of 8 m by applying brakes. If the same
car is moving at a speed of 60 km/h then it can be brought to rest with same brakes in
(1) 64 m (2) 32 m (3) 16 m (4) 4 m
Sol. Answer (2)
u2
ds  ⇒ ds  u 2
2a
u   2u
d  (2u )2

d u2
d
 4
8
 d   32
31. A particle is thrown with any velocity vertically upward, the distance travelled by the particle in first second of
its decent is
g g
(1) g (2 ) (3) (4) Cannot be calculated
2 4
Sol. Answer (2)
1 g
s g  12  s 
2 2
32. A body is thrown vertically upwards and takes 5 seconds to reach maximum height. The distance travelled
by the body will be same in
(1) 1st and 10th second (2) 2nd and 8th second (3) 4th and 6th second (4) Both (2) & (3)
Sol. Answer (1)
The motion under gravity is a symmetric motion and the time taken to go up is same as time taken to come
back to the initial position.
t=5s
4s 6s
3s 7s
2s 8s
1s 9s
1st second 10th second
0 10 s
So, clearly the distance travelled in 1st second is same as that travelled in 10th second.
33. A ball is dropped from a bridge of 122.5 metre above a river. After the ball has been falling for two seconds,
a second ball is thrown straight down after it. Initial velocity of second ball so that both hit the water at the
same time is
(1) 49 m/s (2) 55.5 m/s (3) 26.1 m/s (4) 9.8 m/s
Sol. Answer (3)
1
 h   gt 2 1st ball
2
1
 122.5   9.8 t 2
2
 t 2  25  t  5 s
Another ball is dropped after 2 second so it took only (5 – 2) = 3 s
1
122.5  u(3)   9.8  32
2
 122.5 = 3u + 4.9 × 9
 3u = 78.4
 u  26.1 s
34. A balloon starts rising from ground from rest with an upward acceleration 2 m/s2. Just after 1 s, a stone is dropped
from it. The time taken by stone to strike the ground is nearly
(1) 0.3 s (2) 0.7 s (3) 1 s (4) 1.4 s
Sol. Answer (2)
u = 0, a = 2 ms–2
The velocity of object after one second
1
v = u + at s  2  12  1 m
2
 v  2 ms1
Now after separating from the balloon it will move under the effect of gravity alone.
1
 h  vt   9.8  t 2
2
 –1 = 2t – 4.9t2
 4.9t2 – 2t – 1 = 0
 t  0.7 s
35. A boy throws a ball into air after 2 second. The next ball is thrown when the velocity of first ball is zero. How
high do the ball rise above his hand? [Take g = 9.8 m/s2]
(1) 4.9 m (2) 9.8 m (3) 19.6 m (4) 29.4 m
Sol. Answer (3)
T=2s
2u u v=0
2T   2  u = 19.6
g 9.8
u2 19.6  19.6
H = 2s H
2g 2  9.8
 H  19.6 m
36. A ball projected from ground vertically upward is at same height at time t1 and t2. The speed of projection of
ball is [Neglect the effect of air resistance]
g [t1  t 2 ] g [t 2  t1 ]
(1) g [t 2  t1 ] (2) (3) (4) g [t1  t2 ]
2 2
Sol. Answer (2)
t1 + t2 = total time of flight
t1 + t2 = 2T
t1  t2 u
T  , also T 
2 g
u t1  t2 1
  u g (t1  t 2 )
g 2 2
37. For a body moving with uniform acceleration along straight line, the variation of its velocity (v) with position
(x) is best represented by
v v v v
(1) (2) (3) (4)

x x x x
O O O O
Sol. Answer (3)

v
For uniform acceleration, a  constant
v2 = u2 + 2as
 v2  x (∵ u  rest) x
38. The position-time graph for a particle moving along a straight line is shown in figure. The total distance travelled
by it in time t = 0 to t = 10 s is
x (m)
10
t (s)
2 4 6 8 10
(1) Zero (2) 10 m (3) 20 m (4) 80 m

Sol. Answer (3)
x (m)
The total distance travelled from 0 to 2 s is 10 m
2 s to 8 s  Zero distance 10
and from 8 s to 10 s  10 m
t (s)
So, distance = 10 + 0 + 10 = 20 m 0 2 4 6 8 10
39. The position-time graph for a body moving along a straight line between O and A is shown in figure. During
its motion between O and A, how many times body comes to rest?
x
t
O
(1) Zero (2) 1 time (3) 2 times (4) 3 times
Sol. Answer (3)
As there are two extremes in the graph one is maxima and other is minima. At both maxima and minima the
slope is zero. So, it comes to rest twice.
40. Which one of the following graph for a body moving along a straight line is possible?
Speed Speed Speed Time
(1) (2) (3) (4)

t t t
O O O O Position
Sol. Answer (4)

This graph is possible.
41. A body is projected vertically upward from ground. If we neglect the effect of air, then which one of the following
is the best representation of variation of speed (v) with time (t)?
v v v v
(1) (2) (3) (4)

t t t t
O O O O
Sol. Answer (2)

The speed of an object is directly proportional to time v  t .
42. Which one of the following time-displacement graph represents two moving objects P and Q with zero relative
velocity?
d d d d
Q P P P
Q
P Q
(1) (2) (3) (4) Q
t t t t
O O O O
Sol. Answer (2)

Zero relative velocity means that both of them have same slope.
vA
43. The displacement-time graph for two particles A and B is as follows. The ratio v is
B
Y B
Displacement
15° A
15°
45°
X
t
(1) 1 : 2 (2) 1 : 3 (3) 3 :1 (4) 1 : 3

Sol. Answer (4) Y B
The slope of line A is tan30º and B = tan60º
15° A
1 15°
v A tan30º 3 1  v :v  1: 3
   A B
v B tan 60º 3 3 45°
X
44. For the acceleration-time (a-t) graph shown in figure, the change in velocity of particle from t = 0 to t = 6 s
is 2
a(m/s )
4
t(s)
2 4 6
–4
(1) 10 m/s (2) 4 m/s (3) 12 m/s (4) 8 m/s

Sol. Answer (2)
2
a(m/s )
Area under a-t graph gives change in velocity.
4
1 1
So, v   4  4   2  4  8  4
2 2 t(s)
2 4 6
v  4 ms1 –4
45. Figure shows the graph of x-coordinate of a particle moving x

along x-axis as a function of time. Average velocity during (m)
t = 0 to 6 s and instantaneous velocity at t = 3 s respectively, 20
will be
10
(1) 10 m/s, 0 (2) 60 m/s, 0
(3) 0, 0 (4) 0, 10 m/s
t (s)
Sol. Answer (3) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
From 0 to 6 s  Displacement = 0
so, average velocity = 0
at t = 3 s, the displacement = 0, so v = 0
46. Position-time graph for a particle is shown in figure. Starting from t = 0, at what time t, the average velocity
is zero?
x (m)
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1 t (s)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1112 13
(1) 1 s (2) 3 s (3) 6 s (4) 7 s

Sol. Answer (3)
If we look at the graph very carefully at t = 0, x = 6 m
The average velocity will be zero if it comes back to the initial position.
It is evident that at t = 6 s, x = 6 m
So, vav at t = 6 s is zero.
47. The velocity versus time graph of a body moving in a straight line is as
shown in the figure below
4
(1) The distance covered by the body in 0 to 2s is 8m v (m/s)
2
(2) The acceleration of the body in 0 to 2s is 4 ms–2
(3) The acceleration of the body in 2 to 3s is 4 ms–2 0 1 2 3
(4) The distance moved by the body during 0 to 3 s is 6 m t (s)
Sol. Answer (4) v (m/s)

1 4
Distance covered = Area under v-t graph = 34  6 m
2
40
Acceleration t  0 to 2 s   2 ms 2 0 t (s)
2 1m 2 3
48. Acceleration-time graph for a particle is given in figure. If it starts motion at t = 0, distance travelled in 3 s
will be
a
2
(m/s )
2
0
1 2 3 t (s)
–2
(1) 4 m (2) 2 m (3) 0 (4) 6 m

Sol. Answer (1) v
Draw the v-t graph from a-t graph.
2 m/s
1
Area under v-t graph =  2  (3  1)
2 t
=4m 1s 2s 3s
49. Figure shows the position of a particle moving on the x-axis as a x

function of time (m)
(1) The particle has come to rest 4 times 20
(2) The velocity at t = 8 s is negative
10
(3) The velocity remains positive for t = 2 s to t = 6 s
(4) The particle moves with a constant velocity t (s)
0
Sol. Answer (1) 2 4 6 8
The particle has come to rest four times.
50. A particle moves along x-axis in such a way that its x-co-ordinate varies with time according to the equation
x = 4 – 2t + t2. The speed of the particle will vary with time as
O
(1) O (2) (3) O (4) O
Sol. Answer (1)

dx
x = 4 – 2t + t2   2  2t
dt
v = 2t – 2  Straight line
Slope  Positive
Intercept  Negative
51. Two balls are projected upward simultaneously with speeds 40 m/s and 60 m/s. Relative position (x) of second
ball w.r.t. first ball at time t = 5 s is [Neglect air resistance].
(1) 20 m (2) 80 m (3) 100 m (4) 120 m
Sol. Answer (3)
1
Srel  Urel t  arel t 2
2
 Srel = (60 – 40) 5 (arel = 0)
 Srel  100 m
x (m)
52. The position (x) of a particle moving along x-axis varies with time (t)
as shown in figure. The average acceleration of particle in time interval
t = 0 to t = 8 s is 40
(1) 3 m/s2 (2) –5 m/s2

(3) –4 m/s2 (4) 2.5 m/s2 0 t (s)
2 4 6 8
Sol. Answer (2)
t = 0 to t = 2 t = 6 to t = 8 x (m)
v = 20 m/s v = – 20 m/s
v 20  20 40 40
aavg     5 ms2
t 8 8
aavg  5 ms 2 t (s)
0 2 4 6 8
53. The position (x)-time (t) graph for a particle moving along a straight line is shown in figure. The average speed
of particle in time interval t = 0 to t = 8 s is
x (m)
20
10
t (s)
0 2 4 6 8
(1) Zero (2) 5 m/s (3) 7.5 m/s (4) 9.7 m/s
Sol. Answer (2)
Distance 40
v   5 ms 1
Time 8
54. A ball is dropped from a height h above ground. Neglect the air resistance, its velocity (v) varies with its height
above the ground as
(1) 2g (h  y ) (2) 2gh (3) 2gy (4) 2g (h  y )

Sol. Answer (1)
(h – y)
h
Reference
y
Ground
v  2g (h  y )
55. A train of 150 m length is going towards North at a speed of 10 m/s. A bird is flying at 5 m/s parallel to the
track towards South. The time taken by the bird to cross the train is
(1) 10 s (2) 15 s (3) 30 s (4) 12 s
Sol. Answer (1)
5 m/s Bird
150 150
Time = 
10  5 15 150 m
Train
10 ms–1
 T  10 s
56. Two cars are moving in the same direction with a speed of 30 km/h. They are separated from each other by
5 km. Third car moving in the opposite direction meets the two cars after an interval of
4 minutes. The speed of the third car is
(1) 30 km/h (2) 25 km/h (3) 40 km/h (4) 45 km/h
Sol. Answer (4)
30 kmh–1 30 kmh–1 v
A B C
5 km
The distance of 5 km is in between A and B is covered by C in 4 minute with relative velocity (v + 30).
So, drel  v rel  t
4
 5 km  (v  30) 
60
 75 kmh–1 = v + 30
 v  45 kmh1
57. Two cars A and B are moving in same direction with velocities 30 m/s and 20 m/s. When car A is at a distance
d behind the car B, the driver of the car A applies brakes producing uniform retardation of 2 m/s2. There will
be no collision when
(1) d < 2.5 m (2) d > 125 m (3) d > 25 m (4) d < 125 m
Sol. Answer (3)
v2 = u2 + 2ad
a = –2 ms–2
 0= (10)2 – 2 × 2 × drel
100
  drel B A
4 d
–1 –1
 drel  25 m 20 ms 30 ms
58. Two trains each of length 100 m moving parallel towards each other at speed 72 km/h and
36 km/h respectively. In how much time will they cross each other?
(1) 4.5 s (2) 6.67 s (3) 3.5 s (4) 7.25 s
Sol. Answer (2)
When two trains are moving in opposite direction then
v rel  (20  10)  30 ms1
200
t  6.67 s
30
59. A ball is dropped from the top of a building of height 80 m. At same instant another ball is thrown upwards
with speed 50 m/s from the bottom of the building. The time at which balls will meet is
(1) 1.6 s (2) 5 s (3) 8 s (4) 10 s
Sol. Answer (1)
h 80
t 
v rel 50
 t  1.6 s
60. A particle move with velocity v1 for time t1 and v2 for time t2 along a straight line. The magnitude of its average
acceleration is
v 2  v1 v 2  v1 v 2  v1 v1  v 2
(1) t1  t 2 (2) t1  t 2 (3) t 2  t1 (4) t1  t 2
Sol. Answer (2)
v 2  v1 Change in velocity
aavg 
t1  t2 = Time interval
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
1. If average velocity of particle moving on a straight line is zero in a time interval, then
(1) Acceleration of particle may be zero
(2) Velocity of particle must be zero at an instant
(3) Velocity of particle may be never zero in the interval
(4) Average speed of particle may be zero in the interval
Sol. Answer (2)
If average velocity = zero, then displacement is zero it means particle takes a turn in the opposite direction
and at the time of turning back velocity has to be zero.
2. A car moving with speed v on a straight road can be stopped with in distance d on applying brakes. If same
car is moving with speed 3v and brakes provide half retardation, then car will stop after travelling distance
(1) 6 d (2) 3 d (3) 9 d (4) 18 d
Sol. Answer (3)
u2
ds 
2a
ds u 2
ds  u 2 ⇒ 
ds u  2
u   3v
u=v
ds v2
So,  2
ds 9v
 ds  9ds
 ds  9d
3. The initial velocity of a particle moving along x-axis is u (at t = 0 and x = 0) and its acceleration a is given
by a = kx. Which of the following equation is correct between its velocity (v) and position (x)?
(1) v2 – u2 = 2kx (2) v2 = u2 + 2kx2 (3) v2 = u2 + kx2 (4) v2 + u2 = 2kx
Sol. Answer (3)
vdv
a = kx and a
dx
v x x
 ∫ vdv  ∫ adx  ∫ kxdx

u 0 0
2 v 2 x
v kx
 
2 u 2 0
 v2 – u2 = kx2  v 2  u 2  kx 2
4. The velocity v of a body moving along a straight line varies with time t as v = 2t2 e–t, where v is in
m/s and t is in second. The acceleration of body is zero at t =
(1) 0 (2) 2 s (3) 3 (4) Both (1) & (2)
Sol. Answer (2)

v = 2t2 e–t
dv
 2[t 2e  t  ( 1)  e  t  2t ]
dt
Put, a = 0,
2t 2e  t  4te  t  0
 2t 2  4t  0  t2 = 2t  t  2 s
5. The relation between position (x) and time (t) are given below for a particle moving along a straight line. Which
of the following equation represents uniformly accelerated motion? [where  and  are positive constants]
(1) x  t   (2) x    t (3) xt   (4) t    x
Sol. Answer (4)

For uniformly accelerated motion,
1 2
s  ut 
2 2
v = u + 2as or at
2
Constant Constant
1 2
x at  ut
2
Or the maximum power of t has to be two.
So, 4 .
6. The velocity v of a particle moving along x-axis varies with its position (x) as v   x ; where  is a constant.
Which of the following graph represents the variation of its acceleration (a) with time (t)?
a a a a
(1) (2) (3) (4)

t t t t
O O O O
Sol. Answer (3)
v x
Squaring both sides v 2   2 x
Comparing above equation with 3rd equation of kinematics.
v 2  u 2  2ax
 2 x  2ax
2
 a
2
Constant  not a function of time

So, a
t
7. The velocity (v) of a particle moving along x-axis varies with its position x as shown in figure. The acceleration
(a) of particle varies with position (x) as
v (m/s)
x (m)
0 2
(1) a2 = x + 3 (2) a = 2x2 + 4 (3) 2a = 3x + 5 (4) a = 4x – 8

Sol. Answer (4)
vdv
a Relation between v and x
dx
dv v 4 04
 slope  
dx x 0 20
4 v  u 4
So,  2  
2 x 2
Intercept = + 4  v – 4 = – 2x
a  Negative  v = – 2x + 4
vdv dv
So, a    2
dx dx
vdv
 a  ( 2 x  4)( 2)
dx
 a  4x  8
8. A ball is dropped from an elevator moving upward with acceleration ‘a’ by a boy standing in it. The acceleration
of ball with respect to [Take upward direction positive]
(1) Boy is – g (2) Boy is – (g + a) (3) Ground is – g (4) Both (2) & (3)
Sol. Answer (4)
Upward direction  Positive
Negative direction  Negative
If a person is observing from ground then, for
ELEVATOR a (Positive)
him the acceleration of ball is in the
downward direction. 2 1
u=0
aball G  aball  aground  g  0 g
abG  g
abG = Acceleration of ball w.r.t. ground.

aball boy  aball  aboy  g  a
a bb   ( g  a ) , abb = Acceleration of ball w.r.t. boy.
9. The velocity (v)-time (t) graph for a particle moving along x-axis is shown in the figure. The corresponding position
(x)- time (t) is best represented by
v
O t
x x x x
(1) (2) (3) (4)

t t t t
O O O O
Sol. Answer (1)

v
The graph of v-t can be converted into the x-t (parabolic) graph.
x
t
10. The speed-time graph for a body moving along a straight line is shown in figure. The average acceleration of
body may be
speed (m/s)
20
t(s)
0 5 10
(1) 0 (2) 4 m/s2 (3) – 4 m/s2 (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (4)
The acceleration from zero to 5 s is
0  20 20 speed (m/s)
a   4 ms2
50 5
From 5 s to 10 s 20 m/s
20  0
a  4 ms2
10  5
Total change in velocity t
a 0 5 10 s
Time
20  20
  0 ms2
10  0
11. The acceleration (a)-time (t) graph for a particle moving along a straight starting from rest is shown in figure.
Which of the following graph is the best representation of variation of its velocity (v) with time (t)?
a
T
O t
v v
v v
(1) (2) (3) O t (4) O t

t t T T
O T O T
Sol. Answer (1)

From the graph it is evident that the acceleration is decreasing with time.
Also, a  –t a
 a = –kt (decreasing with time)
To find velocity,
t
dv T
 kt
dt
∫ dv  ∫ ktdt
v  t 2 or graph of velocity should be parabolic with a decreasing slope.
12. A ball is thrown upward with speed 10 m/s from the top of the tower reaches the ground with a speed
20 m/s. The height of the tower is [Take g = 10 m/s2]
(1) 10 m (2) 15 m (3) 20 m (4) 25 m
Sol. Answer (2)
v  u 2  2gh
 (–20)2 = 102 + 2 × 10 × h
300
  h  h  15 m
2  10
13. A ball dropped from the top of tower falls first half height of tower in 10 s. The total time spend by ball in air
is [Take g = 10 m/s2]
(1) 14.14 s (2) 15.25 s (3) 12.36 s (4) 17.36 s
Sol. Answer (1)
u=0
H 1
 ut  g  102
2 2 H
t = 10 s
 H = g × 102 2
1
 H   gt 2 (Full journey)
2
1 2
g  102  gt
2
 t2 = 200
 t  10 2 s
 t = 10 × 1.414 s
= 14.14 s  t
14. An object thrown vertically up from the ground passes the height 5 m twice in an interval of 10 s. What is its
time of flight?
(1) 28 s (2) 86 s (3) 104 s (4) 72 s

Sol. Answer (3)
h=5m (given)
t2 – t1 = 10 s
T  Time taken to reach the highest point.
2h 2h T
t1  T  T 2  2
, t2  T  T 
g g
t1 t2
2h
2 2h
t2  t1  T  T  T  T 2 
g g h
2 25
 10  2 T 
10
 5  T2 1  25 = T2 – 1
T2 = 26
 T  26
Total time of flight  2T  2 26  4  26  104 s
15. A ball is projected vertically upwards. Its speed at half of maximum height is 20 m/s. The maximum height
attained by it is [Take g = 10 ms2]
(1) 35 m (2) 15 m (3) 25 m (4) 40 m
Sol. Answer (4) B
v=0
⎛H⎞
v B2  v A2  2g ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2⎠ H
20 m/s
H 2
H
 0  400  2  10  2 A
2
H
 40 m  H
16. A particle starts with initial speed u and retardation a to come to rest in time T. The time taken to cover first half of
the total path travelled is
T ⎛ 1 ⎞ T 3T
(1) (2) T ⎜⎜1  ⎟⎟ (3) (4)
2 ⎝ 2⎠ 2 4
Sol. Answer (2) a
u d
Retardation  a
2 C
Initial velocity  u A B
d
Time = T
(I) For total journey (II) For half journey

d 1
v = u + at  ut  at 2 ...(iii)
2 2
0 = u – aT
 u = aT ...(i)
1 2
d  uT 
aT
2
Dividing by 2 on both sides
d uT 1 aT 2
  ....(ii)
2 2 2 2
On comparing equation (i) & (iii)
uT 1 aT 2 1
  ut  at 2
2 2 2 2
Put u = aT
aT 2 aT 2 1
   aTt  at 2
2 4 2
T2 t2
  Tt 
4 2
Multiplying by 4 on both sides
T2 = 4Tt – 2t2  2t2 – 4Tt + T2 = 0
On solving this quadratic equation,
T ⎛ 1 ⎞
t T   t  T ⎜⎝ 1  ⎟
2 2⎠
17. Which of the following speed-time (v - t) graphs is physically not possible?

v
v v
(1) (2) (3) (4) All of these

t
t t
Sol. Answer (4)

None of the graph is physically possible.
18. A particle travels half of the distance of a straight journey with a speed 6 m/s. The remaining part of the distance
is covered with speed 2 m/s for half of the time of remaining journey and with speed 4 m/s for the other half of time.
The average speed of the particle is
(1) 3 m/s (2) 4 m/s (3) 3/4 m/s (4) 5 m/s
Sol. Answer (2)
From C to B the time interval of travelling is same. v1 = 6 m/s C
A B
v2 2 m/s v3 4 m/s
v  v3 2  4
So, v av  2   3 m/s t t
2 2
6 m/s
Now, A B
3 m/s
Now, first half is covered with 6 ms–1 and second half with 3 ms–1. So when distances are same.
2v1v 2 263
v av    4 ms 1
v1  v 2 63
v av  4 ms 1
19. The acceleration-time graph for a particle moving along x-axis is shown in figure. If the initial velocity of particle is
–5 m/s, the velocity at t = 8 s is
a (m/s2)
10
8
t (s)
2 4 6
–10
(1) +15 m/s (2) +20 m/s (3) –15 m/s (4) –20 m/s
Sol. Answer (1)
The area under a-t graph gives change in velocity.
Given, u = – 5 m/s
1
 Area on positive side =  6  10 = 30 ms–1
2
1
 Area on negative side =  2  10 = 10 ms–1
2
Net area = 30 – 10 = 20 ms–1
v = Area
v – (– 5) = 20
 v  15 ms1
20. A body thrown vertically up with initial velocity 52 m/s from the ground passes twice a point at h height above at an
interval of 10 s. The height h is (g = 10 m/s2)
(1) 22 m (2) 10.2 m (3) 11.2 m (4) 15 m
Sol. Answer (2)
Given, t2 – t1 = 10 s
2u 2  52
t2  t1    10.4
g 10
 2t2 = 20.4
 t2 = 10.2 s
t1 = 0.2 s
2h
So, t1t2 
g
2h
0.2  10.2 
10
 1 × 10.2 = h  10.2 m  h
21. A body falling from a vertical height of 10 m pierces through a distance of 1 m in sand. It faces an average
retardation in sand equal to (g = acceleration due to gravity)
O
10 m
1m
(1) g (2) 9 g (3) 100 g (4) 1000 g

Sol. Answer (2)
If the ball is dropped then x = 0, the velocity with which it will hit the sand will be given by
v2 – u2 = 2(–g) (– 9)
v2 – 0 = 18 g
O u=0
v 2  18 g ...(i)
9m 10 m
Now on striking sand, the body penetrates into sand v
for 1 m and comes to rest. So, v  initial for sand 1m
and final velocity = 0
v  2  v 2  2(a)  ( 1)
 – 18 g = – 2 a
 a9g
22. When a particle is thrown verticaly upwards, its velocity at one third of its maximum height is
10 2 m/s. The maximum height attained by it is
(1) 20 2 m (2) 30 m (3) 15 m (4) 12.8 m

Sol. Answer (3) v=0
2H
v 2  u 2  2g  2H
3
3
2H
 100  2  2  10  v   10 2 ms 1 10 2 m/s
3
H
 H  15 m 3
23. A body is dropped from a height H. The time taken to cover second half of the journey is
(1) 2
2H
g
(2)
H
g
(3)
H
g
 2  1 (4)
2H
g

1
( 2  1)
Sol. Answer (3)
The total time of journey
1 2
s  ut  gt
2
1 2
 H gT ...(i) u=0
2
H 1 t
 ut  gt 2  T  2H
2 2 g H
H 1 2 T (T – t)
  gt
2 2
1 2
 gT  gt 2 (∵ ut  0)
2
T
 t
2
T 1 ⎞ 2H ⎛ 1 ⎞ H
 Second half time = T – t = T 
⎛
= T ⎜⎝ 1  ⎟ = ⎜ 1 ⎟ =  2  1
2 2⎠ g ⎝ 2⎠ g
⎛5⎞
24. A stone dropped from the top of a tower is found to travel ⎜ ⎟ of the height of the tower during the last second of
⎝9⎠
its fall. The time of fall is
(1) 2 s (2) 3 s (3) 4 s (4) 5 s
Sol. Answer (2)
u=0
Let the total height of tower = H
Total time of journey = t h (t – 1) s
5h t
Time taken to cover the is = last second
9 5h
5h 9
So, st  st  1 
9
1 2 1 5 1 ⎡ 1 2⎤
 gt  g (t  1)2   gt 2 ⎢⎣∵ h  2 gt ⎥⎦
2 2 9 2
1 1 5
 g (t 2  t 2  1  2t )  gt 2 
2 2 9
5 2
 (2t  1)  t
9
 18t – 9 = 5t2
 5t2 – 18t + 9 = 0
 5t2 – 15t – 3t + 9 = 0
 5t (t – 3) – 3 (t – 3 ) = 0
 (5t – 3) (t – 3) = 0
3 3
t , t 3s (t  , doesn't satisfy the given criterion, so we neglect it)
5 5
t2
25. The velocity of a body depends on time according to the equation v   20 . The body is undergoing
10
(1) Uniform acceleration (2) Uniform retardation
(3) Non-uniform acceleration (4) Zero acceleration
Sol. Answer (3)
t2
v  20
10
dv
To find acceleration find
dt
dv 2t
So, a   0
dt 10
t
 a ⇒ at
5
∵ a is a function of time so it is not constant, rather it is non-uniform.
26. The displacement (x) - time (t) graph of a particle is shown in figure. Which of the following is correct?
(1) Particle starts with zero velocity and variable acceleration x
(2) Particle starts with non-zero velocity and variable acceleration
(3) Particle starts with zero velocity and uniform acceleration
(4) Particle starts with non-zero velocity and uniform acceleration
O t
Sol. Answer (1)
From the graph it is clear that the x is a function of time and speed/velocity is also changing. So, if velocity
is changing then definitely the acceleration also changes with time. So, at t = 0, x = 0, so v = 0 but it is
function of time and hence non-uniform.
27. A stone thrown upward with a speed u from the top of a tower reaches the ground with a velocity 4u. The height of
the tower is
15u 2 7u 2 16u 2
(1) (2) (3) (4) Zero
2g 2g g
Sol. Answer (1)
v  u 2  2gh
(4u )2  u 2  2gh
16u 2  u 2 15u 2
h  h
2g 2g
28. If magnitude of average speed and average velocity over an interval of time are same, then
(1) Particle must move with zero acceleration
(2) Particle must move with uniform acceleration
(3) Particle must be at rest
(4) Particle must move in a straight line without turning back
Sol. Answer (4)
Particle should have same distance and displacement in order to have final average speed and average velocity
which is only possible only in case of an object moving on a straight line without turning back.
29. A body is dropped from a certain height h (h is very large) and second body is thrown downward with velocity of 5
m/s simultaneouly. What will be difference in heights of the two bodies after 3s?
(1) 5 m (2) 10 m (3) 15 m (4) 20 m
Sol. Answer (3)
urel  u1  u2  0  ( 5)  5 ms1
t=3s
arel  a1  a2  g  ( g )  0 ms2
1
srel  urel t  arel t 2
2
 srel  5  3  15 m (∵ arel  0)
So, srel  15 m
30. Ball A is thrown up vertically with speed 10 m/s. At the same instant another ball B is released from rest at height
h. At time t, the speed of A relative to B is
(1) 10 m/s (2) 10 – 2 gt (3) 10 2  2gh (4) 10 – gt

Sol. Answer (1)
v A  10 ms1  10t
v B  0  10t
v AB  v A  v B  10  (10t )  ( 10t )  10  10t  10t = 0
 v AB  10 ms 1
31. A man moves in an open field such that after moving 10 m on a straight line, he makes a sharp turn of 60º to
his left. The total displacement after 8 such turn is equal to
(1) 12 m (2) 15 m (3) 17.32 m (4) 14.14 m
Sol. Answer (3)
After 8 such turns object is at 'B'. 60º
60º
Displacement = AB 60º
Two vectors are at 60º B
60º 60º
1  10 3 m
102  102  2  102 
2 10 m
 60º A
17.32 m  AB
10 m
32. A body starts from origin and moves along x-axis so that its position at any instant is x = 4t2 – 12t where t
is in second and v in m/s. What is the acceleration of particle?
(1) 4 m/s2 (2) 8 m/s2 (3) 24 m/s2 (4) 0 m/s2
Sol. Answer (2)
x  4t 2  12t
dx
v  8t  12
dt
d2x
a 8
dt 2
 a  8 ms2
33. Position time graph of a particle moving along straight line is shown which is
in the form of semi-circle starting from t = 2 to t = 8 s. Select correct x(m)
statement
(1) Velocity of particle between t = 0 to t = 2 s is positive
(2) Velocity of particle is opposite to acceleration between t = 2 to t = 5 s t(s)
(0, 0) 2 5 8
(3) Velocity of particle is opposite to acceleration between t = 5 to t = 8 s
(4) Acceleration of particle is positive between t1 = 2 s to t2 = 5 s while it is negative between t1 = 5 s to
t2 = 8 s
Sol. Answer (2) x(m)
(i) From 0 to 2 s the velocity = 0 as displacement
is zero.
(ii) From 2 to 5 s velocity is decreasing but nature
is positive, but acceleration is negative.
t(s)
So, v and a have opposite nature. (0, 0) 2 5 8
34. Two bodies starts moving from same point along a straight line with velocities v 1 = 6 m/s and
v2 = 10 m/s, simultaneously. After what time their separation becomes 40 m?
(1) 6 s (2) 8 s (3) 12 s (4) 10 s
Sol. Answer (4)
1
srel  urel t  arel t 2
2
arel = 0,
 40  (10  6)  t
40
  t  t  10 s
4
SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
1. The displacement 'x' (in meter) of a particle of mass 'm' (in kg) moving in one dimension under the action of a force,
is related to time 't' (in sec) by t  x  3 . The displacement of the particle when its velocity is zero, will be
(1) 2 m (2) 4 m (3) 0 m (zero) (4) 6 m
Sol. Answer (3)
t x 3
(t  3)  x  x  (t  3)2  t 2  9  6t
dx
 v  2t  6
dt
If v = 0, 2t – 6 = 0
 t 3s
At, t = 3 s, x=?
 x  (t  3)2  (3  3)2
x0
2. The motion of a particle along a straight line is described by equation

x = 8 + 12t – t3
where x is in metre and t in second. The retardation of the particle when its velocity becomes zero, is
(1) 6 ms–2 (2) 12 ms–2 (3) 24 ms–2 (4) Zero
Sol. Answer (2)
x = 8 + 12t – t3
dx
 12  3t 2
dt
If v = 0, then 12 – 3t2 = 0
4 = t2  t  2 s
d2x
a  6t
dt 2
a t  2 s ⇒ 12 ms2
| a |  12 ms 2
3. A boy standing at the top of a tower of 20 m height drops a stone. Assuming g = 10 ms–2, the velocity with
which it hits the ground is
(1) 5.0 m/s (2) 10.0 m/s (3) 20.0 m/s (4) 40.0 m/s
Sol. Answer (3)
1 2 u=0
s  ut  gt
2
1 20 m
 20    10  t 2 (∵ u  0)
2
 40 = 10t2
 t2s
v = u – gt
 v  20 ms1 (∵ u  0)
 | v |  20 ms 1
4. A particle covers half of its total distance with speed v1 and the rest half distance with speed v2. Its average
speed during the complete journey is
v 12v 22 v1  v 2 v1v 2 2v1v 2

(1) (2) (3) v  v (4) v  v
v12  v 22 2 1 2 1 2
Sol. Answer (4)
As the distances are same so, v1 v2

A B
2v1v 2
v av 
v1  v 2
5. The speed-time graph of a particle moving along a solid curve is shown below. The distance traversed by the
particle from t = 0 to t = 3 is
2
Speed (ms–1)
1.5
1 2 3
Time (second)
9 9 10 10
(1) m (2) m (3) m (4) m
2 4 3 5
Sol. Answer (2) Speed
Area under the speed-time graph –1

1.5 ms
gives distance.
–1
1 ms
1 9
Area =  3  1.5  m t
2 4 t=0 1s 2s t=3s
4
6. The distance travelled by a particle starting from rest and moving with an acceleration ms–2, in the third
3
second is
19 10
(1) m (2) 6 m (3) 4 m (4) m
3 3
Sol. Answer (4)
a
S u (2n  1)
n th 2
4
n = 3, (given), a  ms2
3
a
S u (2n  1)
n th 2
4 1
 Sn th  0   (2  3  1)
3 2
2
= 5
3
10
 m  S rd
3 3
7. A student measures the distance traversed in free fall of a body, initially at rest in a given time. He uses this
data to estimate g, the acceleration due to gravity. If the maximum percentage errors in measurement of the
distance and the time are e1 and e2 respectively, the percentage error in the estimation of g is
(1) e2 – e1 (2) e1 + 2e2 (3) e1 + e2 (4) e1 – 2e2
Sol. Answer (2)
Repeated.
8. A particle moves in a straight line with a constant acceleration. It changes its velocity from 10 ms–1 to 20 ms–1
while passing through a distance 135 m in t second. The value of t is
(1) 9 (2) 10 (3) 1.8 (4) 12
Sol. Answer (1)
Using 3rd equation, we first find acceleration,
v2 – u2 = 2as
202 – 102 = 2a × 135
300 20 10
 a  a  ms2  a
2  135 18 9
 v = u + at
10
 20  10  t
9
10
 10  t
9
 t 9s
9. A particle shows distance-time curve as given in this figure. The maximum instantaneous velocity of the particle
is around the point
D
Distance
S C
A B
Time t
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

Sol. Answer (3)
Maximum instantaneous velocity will be at that point which has maximum slope.
As clear from the graph 'C' has maximum slope.
10. The displacement-time graph of a moving particle is shown below. The instantaneous velocity of the particle
is negative at the point
Displacement
D
C E F
Time
(1) E (2) F (3) C (4) D

Sol. Answer (1) x
The angle made by the tangent at point 'C' is obtuse hence
tan QE = negative, so slope = negative
E
QE
hence, velocity is also negative. t
11. The displacement x of a particle varies with time t as x = ae–t + bet, where a, b,  and  are positive
constants. The velocity of the particle will
(1) Be independent of  (2) Drop to zero when  = 
(3) Go on decreasing with time (4) Go on increasing with time
Sol. Answer (4)
x  ae t  bet
dx
 a(  ) e t  b () et
dt
v  bet  ae t
As we increase time et increases and e–t decreases.
So, v keeps on increasing with time.
12. A particle moves along a straight line OX. At a time t (in seconds) the distance x (in metres) of the particle
from O is given by x = 40 + 12t – t3. How long would the particle travel before coming to rest?
(1) 16 m (2) 24 m (3) 40 m (4) 56 m
Sol. Answer (1)
x  40  12t  t 3
The particle will come to rest when v = 0,
dx
v  12  3t 2
dt
 v=0  12 = 3t2
 t2 = 4  t  2 s
So, the distance travelled by object is 2 s.
x t  0  40 m ,
x t  2 s  40  12  2  8 = 40 + 24 – 8 = 40 + 16  56 m
Distance travelled = (56 – 40) = 16 m
13. Two bodies A (of mass 1 kg) and B (of mass 3 kg) are dropped from heights of 16 m and 25 m, respectively.
The ratio of the time taken by them to reach the ground is
4 5 12 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
5 4 5 12
Sol. Answer (1)
2H
T  ⇒T  H
g
T1 H1
 T  H2
2
T1 16 4
   (Given, H1 = 16 m, H2 = 25 m)
T2 25 5
T1 4
 
T2 5
14. The position x of a particle with respect to time t along x-axis is given by x = 9t2 – t3, where x is in metres
and t in seconds. What will be the position of this particle when it achieves maximum speed along the +x
direction?
(1) 54 m (2) 81 m (3) 24 m (4) 32 m
Sol. Answer (1)
x = 9t2 – t3
dx
 18t  3t 2
dt
 v = 18t – 3t2
To find the maxima of speed,
dv
 18  6t
dt
dv
Put, 0  18 – 6t = 0
dt
 t 3s
So, the positions of particle at t = 3 = ?
x t  3 s  9(32 )  33
x  54 m
15. A car moves from X to Y with a uniform speed vu and returns to X with a uniform speed vd. The average
speed for this round trip is
vdvu vu  vd 2v d v u
(1) v uv d (2) (3) (4)
vd  vu 2 vd  vu
Sol. Answer (4)

Repeated.
⎛ t ⎞
16. A particle moving along x-axis has acceleration f at time t given by f  f0 ⎜1  ⎟ , where f0 and T are
⎝ T ⎠
constants. The particle at t = 0 has zero velocity. In the time interval between t = 0 and the instant when f
= 0, the particle’s velocity (vx) is
1 1
(1) f0T 2 (2) f0T2 (3) f0T (4) f0T
2 2
Sol. Answer (3)
⎛ t⎞
f  f0 ⎜ 1  ⎟
⎝ T⎠
f  Acceleration
f0  Initial acceleration
Initial/lower limit of time = 0, u = 0
Upper limit of time = T, v = ?
vx t
dv
a
dt
 ∫ dv  ∫ adt
0 0
vx T
⎛ t⎞
∫ dv  ∫ f0 ⎜ 1  ⎟ dt
⎝ T⎠
0 0
T
v T f0 t 2
v 0x  f0 t 0 
T 2 0
f0
v x  0  f0 (T  0)  (T 2  0)
2T
1
 v x  f0T  f0T
2
1
 vx  f0T
2
17. A particle starts its motion from rest under the action of a constant force. If the distance covered in first 10
seconds is S1 and that covered in the first 20 seconds is S2, then
(1) S2 = S1 (2) S2 = 2S1 (3) S2 = 3S1 (4) S2 = 4S1
Sol. Answer (4)
u = 0, a  Constant
1 1
S1  a (10)2 , S2  a (20)2
2 2
S1 102 100
 
S2 (20)2 400
S2  4S1
18. A bus is moving with a speed of 10 ms–1 on a straight road. A scooterist wishes to overtake the bus in 100
s. If the bus is at a distance of 1 km from the scooterist, with what speed should the scooterist chase the
bus?
(1) 10 ms–1 (2) 20 ms–1 (3) 40 ms–1 (4) 25 ms–1
Sol. Answer (2)
T = 100 s 10 ms–1
Srel = 1000 m
Srel = Urel t (∵ arel  0)
1000 = (v – 10) × 100

1 km
v  20 ms1
19. A particle moves a distance x in time t according to equation x = (t + 5)–1. The acceleration of particle is
proportional to
(1) (Velocity)2/3 (2) (Velocity)3/2 (3) (Distance)2 (4) (Distance)–2
Sol. Answer (2)
x = (t + 5)–1
dx ⎡ d n n 1 ⎤
v  ( 1)(t  5)2 ⎢⎣∵ dx ( x )  nx ⎥⎦
dt
v = – (t + 5)–2
dv
a  ( 1)( 2)(t  5)3
dt
⎡ 1
1 1 ⎤
a  2(t  5)3  2(t  5)2  (t  5)1 ⎢∵ v  ⇒ v 2  ⎥
⎣⎢ (t  5)2 t  5 ⎦⎥
1
 2(v )  v 2
3
a  2v 2
3
a  (velocity) 2
20. A ball is dropped from a high rise platform at t = 0 starting from rest. After 6 seconds another ball is thrown
downwards from the same platform with a speed v. The two balls meet at t = 18 s. What is the value of v?
(Take g = 10 m/s2)
(1) 60 m/s (2) 75 m/s (3) 55 m/s (4) 40 m/s
Sol. Answer (2)
u=0
As the ball meet at t = 18 s v
So, it means both of them covered the same distance 'h'.
But the time of travel is different h
1st body  t
2nd body  (t – 6)  as theorem after 6 s.
1st body 2nd body
1 1
 h   gt 2  h  v (t  6)  g (t  6)2
2 2
1 2 1
h gt ...(i) h  v (t  2)  (t  2)2 ...(ii)
2 2
Equating (i) and (ii), we get
v = 75 m/s
For fitst body, t = 18 s
For second body, t = (18 – 6) = 12 s
1
h  10  (18)2  5  324
2
h = 1620 m
For second body
1
1600 = v × (18 – 6) + × 10 (18 – 6)2
2
1620 = v × 12 + 5 × 144
1620  720
v
12
900
 v  v  75 ms1
12
21. The velocity of train increases uniformly from 20 km/h to 60 km/h in 4 hour. The distance travelled by the
train during this period is
(1) 160 km (2) 180 km (3) 100 km (4) 120 km
Sol. Answer (1)
v2 – u2 = 2as
v = u + at
60 = 20 + a × 4
40 = 4a
a  10 km/h2
602 – 202 = 2 × 10 × s
3600  400
 s  s  160 km
20
22. A particle moves along a straight line suchthat its displacement at any time t is given bys = (t3 – 6t2 –
3t + 4) metres. The velocity when the acceleration is zero is
(1) 3 m/s (2) 42 m/s (3) –9 m/s (4) –15 m/s
Sol. Answer (4)
s = t3 – 6t – 3t + 4
ds
v  3t 2  12t  3
dt
dv
a  6t  12
dt
Put a = 0  6t – 12 = 0
t2s
v t  2 s  3(2)2  12(2)  3
= 12 – 24 – 3
= – 12 – 3
v  15 ms1
23. A car accelerates from rest at a constant rate  for some time after which it decelerates at a constant rate
 and comes to rest. If total time elapsed is t, then maximum velocity acquired by car will be
( 2 –  2 ) t ( 2   2 ) t (   ) t t
(1) (2) (3) (4)
   
Sol. Answer (4)

v
t
v max  vmax B

 
v max
In ABC, tan   slope  t  D
1 A t
t1 C
v max T
In BCD, 1   
T  t1
t1  T  t1 v max    t1
T T
 t1  v max 
 
24. A stone falls freely under gravity. It covers distances h 1, h 2 and h3 in the first 5 seconds, the next
5 seconds and the next 5 seconds respectively. The relation between h1, h2 and h3 is
h2 h3
(1) h1   (2) h2 = 3h1 and h3 = 3h2 (3) h1 = h2 = h3 (4) h1 = 2h2 = 3h3
3 5
Sol. Answer (1)
When a body starts from rest and under the effect of constant acceleration then the distance travelled by the
body in final time intervals is in the ratio of odd number i.e., 1 : 3 : 5 : 7
So, h1 : h2 : h3  1 : 3 : 5
h1 1 h1 1
 
h2 3 , h3 5
h2 h3
 h1  , h1 
3 5
h2 h3
So, h1  
3 5
25. The water drops fall at regular intervals from a tap 5 m above the ground. The third drop is leaving the tap
at instant the first drop touches the ground. How far above the ground is the second drop at that instant?
(Take g = 10 ms–2)
(1) 3.75 m (2) 4. 00 m (3) 1.25 m (4) 2.50 m
Sol. Answer (1)
x = 3x = 5 m
 4x = 5 m 3rd drop
x
x  1.25 m 5m 2nd drop
So, second drop is at 3x 3x

1st drop
 3 × 1.25 = 3.75 m above ground.
26. The acceleration of a particle is increasing linearly with time t as bt. The particle starts from origin with an
initial velocity v0. The distance travelled by the particle in time t will be
1 2 1 2 1 3 1 3
(1) v 0 t  bt (2) v 0 t  bt (3) v 0 t  bt (4) v 0 t  bt
3 2 6 3
Sol. Answer (3)
a = bt
u = v0
dv
a
dt
v t
∫ dv  ∫ adt
v0 0
∫ dv  ∫ btdt
v0
t
bt 2
v  v0 
2 0
b 2
v  v0  (t  0)
2
1 2
v  v0  bt
2
dx
Now, v 
dt
x t
 ∫ dx  ∫ vdt
0 0
x t
⎛ 1 2⎞
∫ dx  ∫ ⎜⎝ v 0  2 bt ⎟⎠ dt
0 0
1 3
x  v 0t  bt
6
27. If a car at rest accelerates uniformly to a speed of144 km/h in 20 s, it covers a distance of
(1) 1440 cm (2) 2980 cm (3) 20 m (4) 400 m
Sol. Answer (4)
u = 0, a  constant
5
v = 144 km/h–1 = 144  = 40 ms–1
18
1 2 1
t = 20 s s at   2  400
2 2
v = u + at s  400 m
40 = a × 20
a  2 ms2
28. The position x of a particle varies with time, (t) asx = at2 – bt3. The acceleration will be zero at time t equal to
a 2a a
(1) (2) Zero (3) (4)
3b 3b b
Sol. Answer (1)

x = at2 – bt3
dx
v  2at  3bt 2
dt
dv
a  2a  6bt
dt
Put a = 0, to find 't'
2a = 6bt
a
t
3b
29. Motion of a particle is given by equation

s = (3t3 + 7t2 + 14t + 8) m
The value of acceleration of the particle at t = 1 s is
(1) 10 m/s2 (2) 32 m/s2 (3) 23 m/s2 (4) 16 m/s2
Sol. Answer (2)
s = 3t3 + 7t2 + 14t + 8
ds
v  9t 2  14t  14
dt
d 2s
a  18t  14
dt 2
a t  1 s  18  14
a t  1 s  32 ms2
30. A particle is thrown vertically upward. Its velocity at half of the height is 10 m/s, then the maximum height
attained by it is (g = 10 m/s2)
(1) 8 m (2) 20 m (3) 10 m (4) 16 m
Sol. Answer (3)
v=0
v2 – u2 = 2as
H
H 2
0  102  2  ( 10) 
2 u = 10 m/s
H
100 = 10 H 2
H  10 m
31. A particle A is dropped from a height and another particle B is projected in horizontal direction with speed
of 5 m/s from the same height then correct statement is
(1) Particle A will reach at ground first with respect to particle B
(2) Particle B will reach at ground first with respect to particle A
(3) Both particles will reach at ground simultaneously
(4) Both particles will reach at ground with same speed
Sol. Answer (3)
Time taken will be same in both the cases
Horizontal projection Dropping a body
u Uy = sin u=0
H = 0
H
Uy  0
1 1
Sy  U y T  ay T 2 S  ut  at
2 2
1 1
H   gT 2 H   gT 2
2 2
2H 2H
T  T 
g g
32. If a ball is thrown vertically upwards with speed u, the distance covered during the last t seconds of its ascent
is
1 2 1 2
(1) ut (2) gt (3) ut  gt (4) (u + gt)t
2 2
Sol. Answer (2)

As the motion is symmetric the distances covered during the last t seconds of ascent is same as that travelled
during 1st t seconds of descent.
At highest point, v = 0
1 1 2
s   gt 2  s  gt
2 2
33. A man throws balls with the same speed vertically upwards one after the other at an interval of
2 second. What should be the speed of the throw so that more than two balls are in the sky at any time?
(Given g = 9.8 m/s2)
(1) More than 19.6 m/s (2) At least 9.8 m/s
(3) Any speed less than 19.6 m/s (4) Only with speed 19.6 m/s
Sol. Answer (1)

For move than two ball in air, time of flight should be
2u
Total time of flight 
g
2u
4
g
2  9.8  u
u  19.6 ms1
SECTION - D
Assertion - Reason Type Questions
1. A : It is not possible to have constant velocity and variable acceleration.
R : Accelerated body cannot have constant velocity.
Sol. Answer (1)
2. A : The direction of velocity of an object can be reversed with constant acceleration.
R : A ball projected upward reverse its direction under the effect of gravity.
Sol. Answer (2)
3. A : When the velocity of an object is zero at an instant, the acceleration need not be zero at that instant.
R : In motion under gravity, the velocity of body is zero at the top-most point.
Sol. Answer (2)
4. A : A body moving with decreasing speed may have increasing acceleration.
R : The speed of body decreases, when acceleration of body is opposite to velocity.
Sol. Answer (1)
5. A : For a moving particle distance can never be negative or zero.
R : Distance is a scalar quantity and never decreases with time for moving object.
Sol. Answer (1)
6. A : if speed of a particle is never zero than it may have zero average speed.
R : The average speed of a moving object in a closed path is zero.
Sol. Answer (4)
7. A : The magnitude of average velocity in an interval can never be greater than average speed in that interval.
R : For a moving object distance travelled  | Displacement |
Sol. Answer (1)
8. A : The area under acceleration-time graph is equal to velocity of object.
R : For an object moving with constant acceleration, position-time graph is a straight line.
Sol. Answer (4)
9. A : The motion of body projected under the effect of gravity without air resistance is uniformly accelerated
motion.
R : If a body is projected upwards or downwards, then the direction of acceleration is downward.
Sol. Answer (2)
10. A : The relative acceleration of two objects moving under the effect of gravity ,only is always zero, irrespective of
direction of motion.
R : The acceleration of object moving under the effect of gravity have acceleration always in downward direction
and is independent from size and mass of object
Sol. Answer (1)
11. A : In the presence of air resistance, if the ball is thrown vertically upwards then time of ascent is less than the
time of descent.
R : Force due to air friction always acts opposite to the motion of the body.
Sol. Answer (1)
12. A : The following graph can’t exist actually

path length
time
R : Total path length never decreases with time.
Sol. Answer (1)
13. A : The displacement (s) time graph shown in the figure represents an accelerated motion.
s
R : Slope of graph increases with time.
Sol. Answer (1)
14. A : Average velocity can be zero, but average speed of a moving body can not be zero in any finite time interval.
R : For a moving body displacement can be zero but distance can never be zero.
Sol. Answer (1)
15. A : For a particle moving in a straight line, its acceleration must be either parallel or antiparallel to velocity.
R : A body moving along a curved path may have constant acceleration.
Sol. Answer (2)


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Chapter 3

Motion in a Straight Line

Sol. Answer (4)

5. If a particle is moving along straight line with increasing speed, then

9. If v is the velocity of a body moving along x-axis, then acceleration of body is

Sol. Answer (2)

10. If a body is moving with constant speed, then its acceleration

11. When the velocity of body is variable, then

12. An object is moving with variable speed, then

(1) 60 km (2) 30 3 km (3) 30 5 km (4) 60 2 km

Displacement of car = 602  302  30 5 km

Sol. Answer (1)

(3) Velocity of the particle is proportional to t

Sol. Answer (3)

So, S2.5  S2  2.25 m

Sol. Answer (3)

(When acceleration is constant)

a  t 3/2 (acceleration is a function of time)

Another ball is dropped after 2 second so it took only (5 – 2) = 3 s

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol. Answer (3)

(1) Zero (2) 10 m (3) 20 m (4) 80 m

Speed Speed Speed Time

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol. Answer (4)

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol. Answer (2)

Sol. Answer (2)

(1) 1 : 2 (2) 1 : 3 (3) 3 :1 (4) 1 : 3

(1) 10 m/s (2) 4 m/s (3) 12 m/s (4) 8 m/s

45. Figure shows the graph of x-coordinate of a particle moving x

(1) 1 s (2) 3 s (3) 6 s (4) 7 s

Sol. Answer (4) v (m/s)

(1) 4 m (2) 2 m (3) 0 (4) 6 m

49. Figure shows the position of a particle moving on the x-axis as a x

Sol. Answer (1)

(1) 3 m/s2 (2) –5 m/s2

(1) 2g (h  y ) (2) 2gh (3) 2gy (4) 2g (h  y )

v rel  (20  10)  30 ms1

Sol. Answer (2)

 ∫ vdv  ∫ adx  ∫ kxdx

Sol. Answer (2)

(1) x  t   (2) x    t (3) xt   (4) t    x

Sol. Answer (4)

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Constant  not a function of time

(1) a2 = x + 3 (2) a = 2x2 + 4 (3) 2a = 3x + 5 (4) a = 4x – 8

abG = Acceleration of ball w.r.t. ground.

a bb   ( g  a ) , abb = Acceleration of ball w.r.t. boy.

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Sol. Answer (1)

(1) 0 (2) 4 m/s2 (3) – 4 m/s2 (4) All of these

(1) (2) (3) O t (4) O t

Sol. Answer (1)

(1) 28 s (2) 86 s (3) 104 s (4) 72 s

Total time of flight  2T  2 26  4  26  104 s

(I) For total journey (II) For half journey

17. Which of the following speed-time (v - t) graphs is physically not possible?

(1) (2) (3) (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (4)