Snake & Ladder SOURCE

Snake & Ladder 1
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------- 2
1.1 Abstract ---------------------------------------------------------- 3
2. SYSTEM STUDY ---------------------------------------------------------- 4
2.1 Existing System ------------------------------------------------- 5
2.2 Proposed System ----------------------------------------------- 5
3. SYSTEM SPECIFICATION ------------------------------------------------ 7
3.1 Software Requirements ---------------------------------------- 8
3.2 Hardware Requirements --------------------------------------- 8
4. SYSTEM ANALYSIS --------------------------------------------------------- 9
4.1 Feasibility Analysis ----------------------------------------------- 10
4.2 Economic & Technical Feasibility ----------------------------- 10
4.3 Social & Behavioral Feasibility -------------------------------- 12
5. SYSTEM DESIGN ---------------------------------------------------------- 13
5.1 Input Design ------------------------------------------------------ 14
5.2 Output Design --------------------------------------------------- 14
5.3 Interface Design ------------------------------------------------- 15
5.4 Procedural and Functional Design -------------------------- 18
5.5 Data Flow Diagram
---------------------------------------------- 20
5.6 System Flow Chart ----------------------------------------------- 22
6. IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING ------------------------------------ 24
6.1 Testing -------------------------------------------------------------- 25
7. CONCLUSION --------------------------------------------------------------- 26
8. APPENDIX ------------------------------------------------------------------- 28
8.1 Source Code ------------------------------------------------------- 29
8.2 Screen Shots ------------------------------------------------------ 56
9. BIBILIOGRAPHY & REFERENCE ------------------------------------------ 57
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INTRODUCTION
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1.1 Abstract
Snake and ladder is well known game among children even among matured
people.
The rules and regulation of the game are as well-known as the game. The
case study meant for implementing this game without losing its interesting and
attraction. The game is in two modes-two player and one player mode. In the
one player the computer itself will act as the second player.
The user can interact with the game using either keyboard or mouse. The
number and position of the ladder and snake are generated fixed.
Random mode numbering is used for user action in which the user is able to
press the button long time and the number goes to a loop and when user
released the number was displayed.
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SYSTEM STUDY
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2.1 Existing System
Snakes and Ladders is an ancient Indian board game regarded today as a

worldwide classic. It is played between two or more players on a gameboard
having numbered, gridded squares.
A number of "ladders" and "snakes" are pictured on the board, each

connecting two specific board squares. The object of the game is to navigate
one's game piece, according to die rolls, from the start (bottom square) to the
finish (Top Square), helped or hindered by ladders and snakes respectively.
The historic version had root in morality lessons, where a player's progression
up the board represented a life journey complicated by virtues (ladders) and
vices (snakes).
There was not a good GUI for Snake & ladder game for DOS operating
system. We are trying to develop a system which makes, look and feel very
interesting to play the game.
Snakes and Ladders originated in India as part of a family of dice board

games, that included Gyan chauper and pachisi (present-day Ludo and
Parcheesi). It was known as moksha patam or vaikunthapaali or paramapada
sopaanam (the ladder to salvation). The game made its way to England and
was sold as "Snakes and Ladders", then the basic concept was introduced in
the United States as Chutes and Ladders (an "improved new version of
England's famous indoor sport") by game pioneer Milton Bradley in 1943.
2.1 Proposed System
The proposed system was designed to give a professional look and feeling
GUI for Snake & Ladder game.
The system has a splash screen, which was animated and designed with
good look and feel. Game board was drawn by taking all initial screen
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conditions and mouse interaction. Interrupts and sound functions are used for
fast mouse interactions.
The program was divided in to two screens:
Splash Screen
 Program Splash and Details
Game Window
 Game square board.
 Dice display board.
 Dice button for running the dice.
 Single / Double Mode.
Game Play
Each player starts with a token on the starting square (usually the "1" grid
square in the bottom left corner, or simply, the imaginary space beside the "1"
grid square) and takes turns to roll a single die to move the token by the
number of squares indicated by the die roll.
Tokens follow a fixed route marked on the game board which usually follows a
boustrophedon (ox-plow) track from the bottom to the top of the playing area,
passing once through every square. If, on completion of a move, a player's
token lands on the lower-numbered end of a "ladder", the player moves the
token up to the ladder's higher-numbered square. If the player lands on the
higher-numbered square of a "snake" (or chute), the token must be moved
down to the snake's lower-numbered square.
If a player rolls a 6, the player may, after moving, immediately take another
turn; otherwise play passes to the next player in turn.
The player who is first to bring their token to the last square of the track is the
winner.
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SYSTEM SPECIFICATION
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3.1 Software Requirements

Operating System : DOS
Developing software : Turbo C
Language used : C
Library : Graphics
3.2 Hardware Requirements
Processor : PC with a Pentium II-class.

Memory : 256 MB RAM.
Hard disk space : 2 .5 GB installation drive.
Monitor : 15 inch Color Monitor.
Keyboard : 105 Keys.
Display Type : Super VGA (800x600).
Mouse : Serial Mouse.
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SYSTEM ANALYSIS
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4.1 Feasibility Analysis
The main aim of the feasibility study activity is to determine whether it would
be financially and technically feasible to develop the product.
The feasibility study activity involves the analysis of the problem and
collection of all relevant information relating to the product such as the
different data items which would be input to the system, the processing
required to be carried out on these data, the output data required to be
produced by the system as well as various constraints on the behavior of the
system.
In this project there are many details available related to the Snake & ladder
game and its functions.
4.1.1 Economic & Technical Feasibility
This is concerned with specifying equipment and software that will

successfully satisfy the user requirement, in examining technical feasibility,
configuration of the system is given more importance than the actual make of
hardware.
Snake & ladder game is developed for DOS operating system and most of the
latest version of Windows series OS is supported with DOS OS. Tools
development for the use of the system is Turboc C compiler.
C Programming Language
In computing, C is a general-purpose programming language initially

developed by Dennis Ritchie between 1969 and 1973 at AT&T Bell Labs.
[4] Like most imperative languages in the ALGOL tradition, C has facilities
for structured programming and allows lexical variable scope and recursion,
while a static type system prevents many unintended operations.
Its design provides constructs that map efficiently to typical machine

instructions, and therefore it has found lasting use in applications that had
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formerly been coded in assembly, most notably system software like

the Unix computer operating system.
Certain aspects of the ANSI C standard are not defined exactly by ANSI.
Instead, each implementor of a C compiler is free to define these aspects
individually. This chapter tells how Borland has chosen to define these
implementation-specific standards. The section numbers refer to the February
1990 ANSI Standard.
Programming Tools
Turbo C++ was a C++ compiler and integrated development environment and

computer language originally from Borland. Most recently it was distributed
by Embarcadero Technologies.
Graphics Library
C graphics using graphics’ functions or WinBGIM (Windows 7) can be used to

draw different shapes, display text in different fonts, change colors and many
more. Using functions of graphics.h in turbo c compiler you can make
graphics programs, animations, projects and games.
The program was completely developed with the support of Graphics.h

library. Graphics.h : Declare prototype for graphics functions
Graphics in C Language to 16 bit C programming and MS DOS environment.

In a C Program first of all you need to initialize the graphics drivers on the
computer. This is done using the initgraph method provided in graphics.h
library.
Initgraph initializes the graphics system by loading a graphics driver from disk
(or validating a registered driver) then putting the system into graphics
mode.Initgraph also resets all graphics settings (color, palette, current
position, viewport, etc.) to their defaults, then resets graphresult to 0.
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4.1.2 Social & Behavioral Feasibility
This concerned with the requirements and analysis of the program. Interface
and layout was designed in a manner that the major part of the system was
allocated to the game player board and the right side of the screen was
allocated to dice running and score board display details.
Small square box was allocated to each player for moving there icon on game
board with the dice score received. Each player icon was moved according to
the score received and the final result f the player was shown at the end when
the square reached the cell with number 100.
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SYSTEM DESIGN
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5.1 Input Design

Input for the Snake & ladder program is dice running from each player.
For player or user interaction the input design are designed with buttons
and layout styles.
 Game Mode: Selecting player mode for the program there was
two boxes allocated for players.
 Dice Running: For dice running two buttons are allocated for the
players. Players need to hold the button and release when he
needs to throw the dice. The received dice will be displayed on
the on the dice box.
 Exit / Stop Program: The game can be stopped or exit with the
click of Exit button.
 New Game: New game can be started with “New Game” button.
5.2 Output Design

The output design was created with board design and 100 square cells.
The Snake and ladder was also drawn on the bard game for moving and
jumping dice icon of each player.
Dice display board output the dice number received after each dice
running action by each player. The total score is also displayed left side
of the each dice running button.
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5.3 Interface Design:
Interface design is the first step in the development phase for an

engineering system. It is defined as “The process of applying various
techniques and principles for the purpose of defining a process or a
system in sufficient details to permit its physical realization. Software
design sits at the technical kernel of the software engineering process
and is applied regardless of the development paradigm that is used.
DOS operating system was not supported with an powerful GUI, so we

tried to explore in giving a good GUI for our Snake & ladder program,
which makes a good look and feel appearance for the players.
Game Window Design
The main window of the game was designed by keeping in mind that the
interface style and color used should express the main idea of the
functionalities of the program.
The window was first created to make the outer section of game board to
make all the controls and other sections inside the blue area.
Main Window
Border and Shading

Border and shading of windows and buttons are created with different
lines drawn with grey and black color.
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Mouse Interaction
If a program that is meant to have an easy-to-use interface does not
have mouse support, some would say it would not (and could not) be an
easy-to-use interface.
There are two ways to communicate with the mouse:

 with the serial port itself, or
 with the installed mouse driver through interrupt 0x33.
Reading the serial port can be cumbersome because the mouse must be
detected, not to mention there are usually two or more serial ports on a
computer, each of which could be connected to the mouse.
Mouse Register:
To get the mouse's current status, set AX to 3 and call interrupt 0x33.
The x value is returned in CX and the y value is returned
in DX. BX contains the status of the mouse buttons.
Shadow Effect
Shadows effect was created with output two color of text side by side in
the same location with grey and black color.
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Splash and Snake Picture

Splash screen was created with Rectangle function. The snake picture
was drawn with LineTo function and the color was done with Fill
Patterns.
Game Board
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Game board was designed with Lineto, Floodfill and Outtext function.
Snake was drawn with continuous ellipse function with fill patter style.
5.4 Procedural and Functional Design

Buttons are created for user interaction in game window. Below explains
each buttons and its uses.
New Game & Exit

Button is used for taking a new game and clear all dice
values and player points. This will also rearrange the
player points.
Used for exiting the program
Game Mode
Button is used for making program to work as a single
player mode. Here the other player will be the computer
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program itself.
Button is used for making program to work as a dual
player mode. Here computer will not be entertained as
second player.
Dice Run Functions

This can be used in Single and Double play mode. In
single mode this button is selected for player. In double
mode this button is used as dice running button for
Player- 1
This button is active only when the game mode is Double
mode, otherwise the button is deactivated by the computer
program. In double mode the Player-2 using this button for
dice run.
Dice Value Display
Display box is used for showing the values received

after the
Score Board
Score board display each players dice values. In
Double mode Player-1 score is displayed in the
first box and second player score in second
boxes. In single mode the computer program
score will be shown in the second box.
5.5 Flow Diagram

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A flow diagram is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data through

an information system, modeling its process aspects.
Often they are a preliminary step used to create an overview of the

system which can later be elaborated. Flow Diagram can also be used
for the visualization of data processing (structured design).We usually
begin by drawing a context diagram, a simple representation of the
whole system.
To elaborate further from that, we drill down to a level 1 diagram with

additional information about the major functions of the system.
This could continue to evolve to become a level 2 diagram when further

analysis is required. Progression to level 3, 4 and so on is possible but
anything beyond level 3 is not very common.
Level – 1
Level - 2
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Level -3
5.3 System Flow Chart

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A flowchart (also spelled flow-chart and flow chart) is a schematic

representation of an algorithm or a process. A flowchart is one of the
seven basic tools of quality control, which include the histogram, Pareto
chart, check sheet, control chart, cause-and-effect diagram, flowchart,
and scatter diagram. See Quality Management Glossary. They are
commonly used in business/economic presentations to help the
audience visualize the content better, or to find flaws in the process.
 Start and end symbols: Represented as circles, ovals or rounded

(fillet) rectangles, usually containing the word "Start" or "End", or
another phrase signaling the start or end of a process, such as
"submit inquiry" or "receive product".
 Input/Output, represented as a parallelogram. Examples: Get X
from the user; usually containing the word "Start" or "End", or
another phrase signaling the start or end of a process, such as
"submit enquiry" or "receive product".
 Arrows, showing what's called "flow of display X.
 Generic processing steps: Represented as rectangles.
 Conditional or decision Represented as a diamond (rhombus)
showing where a decision is necessary, commonly a Yes/No
question or True/False test. The conditional symbol is peculiar in
that it has two arrows coming out of it, usually from the bottom
point and right point, one corresponding to Yes or True, and one
corresponding to No or False. More than two arrows can be used,
but this is normally a clear indicator that a complex decision is
being taken, in which case it may need to be broken-down further.
 Arrows: Showing "flow of control". An arrow coming from one
symbol and ending at another symbol represents that control
passes to the symbol the arrow points to.
System Functional Flow Chart
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IMPLEMENTATION AND
TESTING
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5.1 Testing
Testing is probably the most important phase for long-term support as

well as for the reputation of the company. If you don’t control the quality
of the software, it will not be able to compete with other products on the
market.
There are multiple types of testing and these are explained in this
section. Each of these has its own importance.
Unit Testing
Unit testing is testing one part or one component of the product. The
developer usually does this when he/she has completed writing code for
that part of the product. This makes sure that the component is doing
what it is intended to do. This also saves a lot of time for software
testers as well as developers by eliminating many cycles of software
being passed back and forth between the developer and the tester.
When a developer is confident that a particular part of the software is
ready, he/she can write test cases to test functionality of this part of the
software.
In our system Snake & Ladder each modules are designed and tested
separately. Modules designed and tested separately are
 initmouse() : Tested to initialize mouse functions and drivers

 down(int p): Tested to get the position of mouse coordinates
 getmousepos(int *button,int *x,int *y) : Tested to get mouse
pointer positions which is read from registers
 createwindo(int x,int y,int w,int z,int col) : Tested to create main
window of Snake and Ladder program
 board(): Tested to draw board for playing game
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CONCLUSION
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6.1 Conclusion
Throughout this thesis our aim was to develop a Snake & Ladder game
that allows user to interact with the game using mouse.
The entire game is explained and displayed in a well arranged GUI. Two
players are given equal chance for winning the game. Single mode and
Double mode allows using computer as second player.
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APPENDIX
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A: Source Code:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <graphics.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <process.h>
#include<dos.h>
// path for graphics drivers
#define PATH "..\\bgi"
//
void down(int p);
//To get the position of mouse cordinates
void getpos(int sx,int sy,int b);
//used for drawing window of main board
void windo1();
// ladder position cells
int ladder[5][2]={{10,28},{17,37},{32,62},{45,84},{78,97}};
// snake position cells
int snake[5][2]={{34,16},{44,21},{68,47},{79,60},{95,73}};
// for storung dice values single/ double mode
int one_dice=0,prev1_dice=0,prev2_dice=0,sec_dice=0;
// void pointer for memmory allocation
void *d1,*d2;
unsigned int sd1,sd2;

// mouse interrupts functions and libraries
union REGS i,o;
void initmouse() // initinlizing mouse functions and drivers
{
i.x.ax=0;
int86(0x33,&i,&o);//raising interrupts
}
void showmouseptr()// interrupts for showing mouse pointer
{
i.x.ax=1;
int86(0x33,&i,&o);
}
void hidemouseptr() // interrupts for hiding mouse pointer
{
i.x.ax=2;
int86(0x33,&i,&o);
}
//interrupts to get mouse pointer positions which is read from registers
void getmousepos(int *button,int *x,int *y)
{
i.x.ax=3;
int86(0x33,&i,&o);
*button=o.x.bx;
*x=o.x.cx;
*y=o.x.dx;
}
// restrict mouse pointer in a rectangle area,,
void restrictmouseptr(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2)
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{
i.x.ax=7;
i.x.cx=x1;
i.x.dx=x2;
int86(0x33,&i,&o);
i.x.ax=8;
i.x.cx=y1;
i.x.dx=y2;
int86(0x33,&i,&o);
}
// used for drawing outline for button to make up effect

void up(int x,int y,int w,int z)
{
setcolor(7);
line(x,y,w,y);
line(x,y,x,z);
setcolor(0);
line(w,y,w,z);
line(x,z,w,z);
}
// used for drawing outline for button to make down effect
void dow(int x,int y,int w,int z)
{
setcolor(0);
line(x,y,w,y);
line(x,y,x,z);
setcolor(7);
line(w,y,w,z);
line(x,z,w,z);
}
// function for creating button with color
void bcreate(int x,int y,int w,int z,int col)
{
setcolor(7);
rectangle(x,y,w,z);
setcolor(8);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,8);
rectangle(x+1,y+1,w,z);
floodfill(x+5,y+5,8);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,col);
bar(x+5,y+5,w-5,z-5);
}
////////////////////////////
// creating main window of Snake and Ladder program
void createwindo(int x,int y,int w,int z,int col)
{
setcolor(8);
rectangle(x,y,w,z);
setcolor(7);
rectangle(x+1,x+1,w-1,z-1);
setcolor(7);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,col);
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rectangle(x+30,y+30,w-20,z-20);
setcolor(BLACK);
line(x+30,y+30,x+30,z-20);
line(x+31,y+31,x+31,z-19);
line(x+30,y+30,w-20,y+30);
line(x+31,y+31,w-20,y+31);
settextstyle(DEFAULT_FONT,0,1);
setcolor(0);
rectangle(249,7,386,22);
setcolor(15);
rectangle(250,8,385,21);
rectangle(248,6,387,23);
setfillstyle(1,0);
floodfill(307,13,15);
outtextxy(260,12,"SNAKE & LADDERS ");
settextstyle(SMALL_FONT,0,4);
setcolor(2);
bcreate(530,53,615,85,15);
bcreate(530,90,615,111,15);
bcreate(528,400,614,440,11);
bcreate(528,348,614,388,11);
//mode
bcreate(468,150,562,170,0);
bcreate(468,175,562,195,0);
//SCORE
bcreate(475,290,515,325,0);
bcreate(550,290,590,325,0);
settextstyle(0,0,0);
setcolor(0);
line(526,220,596,220);
line(465,239,535,239);
line(526,220,465,239);
line(596,220,535,239);
rectangle(465,239,535,246);
line(535,246,596,226);
line(596,220,596,226);
setfillstyle(5,3);
setfillstyle(4,3);
setfillstyle(9,11);
//dice on board
setcolor(15);
setfillstyle(1,12);
rectangle(517,200,549,221);
bar(518,201,548,220);
rectangle(507,207,539,228);
bar(508,208,538,227);
line(517,200,507,207);
line(539,208,549,200);
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line(539,228,549,221);
setcolor(12);
line(548,221,540,221);
line(517,201,517,206);
setcolor(0);
outtextxy(487,264,"SCORE BOARD");
outtextxy(472,139,"GAME MODE :");
// /rectangle
rectangle(458,275,527,328);
rectangle(534,275,603,328);
//icon
setfillstyle(1,4);
bar(509,363,490,373);
setfillstyle(1,14);
bar(509,414,491,424);
setcolor(15);
outtextxy(492,304,"0");
outtextxy(566,304,"0");
outtextxy(492,157,"Single");
outtextxy(462,279,"PLAYER-1");
outtextxy(538,279,"PLAYER-2");
setcolor(7);
outtextxy(492,182,"Double");
setcolor(0);
outtextxy(536,357,"Player-1");
outtextxy(536,370,"ROLL DICE");
outtextxy(536,409,"Player-2");
outtextxy(536,422,"ROLL DICE");
outtextxy(541,65,"NEW GAME");
outtextxy(537,98,"EXIT GAME");
line(535,366,602,366);
line(535,418,602,418);
setcolor(15);
settextstyle(SMALL_FONT,0,4);
outtextxy(30,462,"Project Team : Amrutha, Aswathi, Divya, Sruthi");
// drawing board for playing game

void board()
{
int i,j,x=73,y=76;
char cc[3],num=100;
int m=2;
setcolor(15);
setfillstyle(1,2);
bar(61,61,439,439);
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setcolor(0);
rectangle(60,60,440,440);
line(98,60,98,440);
line(136,60,136,440);
line(174,60,174,440);
line(212,60,212,440);
line(250,60,250,440);
line(288,60,288,440);
line(326,60,326,440);
line(364,60,364,440);
line(402,60,402,440);
line(60,98,440,98);
line(60,136,440,136);
line(60,174,440,174);
line(60,212,440,212);
line(60,250,440,250);
line(60,288,440,288);
line(60,326,440,326);
line(60,364,440,364);
line(60,402,440,402);
setcolor(0);
setfillstyle(1,15);
x=73;
y=76;
num=100;
m=2;
// for printing cell number and white cells
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<10;j++)
{
if(m==2)
{
if(j%2)
floodfill(x,y,0);
}
else
{
if(!(j%2))
floodfill(x,y,0);
}
// printing number in graphics mode with formatted output

sprintf(cc,"%d",num);
num--;
outtextxy(x,y,cc);
x+=38;
}
if(m==3)
m=2;
else
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m=3;
x=73;
y+=38;
}
setcolor(1);
//ladder 10->28
line(70,414,147,335);
line(71,414,148,335);
line(86,427,165,344);
line(87,427,166,344);
line(80,405,95,419);
line(80,404,95,418);
line(100,384,116,396);
line(100,383,116,395);
line(118,366,135,376);
line(118,367,135,377);
line(139,344,155,355);
line(139,345,155,356);
//ladder 17->37
line(181,385,186,312);
line(182,385,187,312);
line(209,385,198,314);
line(210,385,199,314);
line(182,377,208,377);
line(183,354,205,353);
line(185,333,202,332);
line(186,319,199,318);
//ladder 32->62
line(369,300,384,194);
line(370,300,385,194);
line(385,302,397,198);
line(386,302,398,198);
line(370,295,387,295);
line(373,276,388,279);
line(376,256,391,260);
line(377,241,392,245);
line(381,222,395,226);
line(383,207,396,209);
//ladder 45->84
line(259,261,303,122);
line(258,261,302,122);
line(273,261,313,123);
line(272,261,312,123);
line(262,254,275,254);
line(266,237,280,238);
line(272,218,285,221);
line(277,202,289,204);
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line(283,185,295,187);
line(288,168,300,167);
line(294,148,305,149);
line(299,131,310,131);
//ladder 78->97
line(150,147,187,87);
line(151,147,188,87);
line(165,152,199,87);
line(166,152,200,87);
line(153,141,170,144);
line(163,128,178,128);
line(174,109,188,109);
line(185,92,196,95);
///////snakes
setfillstyle(9,5);
setcolor(1);
fillellipse(242,382,2,2);
//head fillellipse(299,313,3,2);
//snake 21->
Snake & Ladder 36
//snake 47
//snake 60
Snake & Ladder 37
//snake 73->94
//heads...
setfillstyle(6,14);
setcolor(0);
//player button
// splash screen
void splash()
{
int j,t,sx,sy,b,nex,star;
char dd[15];
setfillstyle(1,15);
bar(105,105,getmaxx()-125,getmaxy()-105);
Snake & Ladder 38
setfillstyle(1,10);
bar(105,105,195,getmaxy()-105);
setcolor(0);
rectangle(106,106,getmaxx()-126,getmaxy()-106);
setfillstyle(1,12);
setcolor(0);
rectangle(245,145,290,190);
rectangle(266,166,310,210);
line(245,145,266,166);
line(245,190,266,210);
line(290,145,310,166);
bar(245,145,290,190);
bar(266,166,310,210);
// drawing dice
rectangle(266,166,310,210);
line(245,145,266,166);
line(245,190,266,210);
line(290,145,310,166);
line(245,145,290,145);
line(245,145,245,190);
line(310,210,331,182);
line(331,182,310,182);
setfillstyle(1,7);
setcolor(7);
line(310,210,331,182);
line(331,182,311,182);
setfillstyle(5,14);
setcolor(12);
setfillstyle(1,15);
// drawing big snake body
setcolor(0);
moveto(338,239);
lineto(325,238);
lineto(314,233);
lineto(301,229);
lineto(293,227);
lineto(285,229);
lineto(277,234);
Snake & Ladder 39
lineto(275,237);
lineto(278,245);
lineto(270,249);
lineto(259,250);
lineto(254,252);
lineto(253,258);
lineto(255,264);
lineto(260,268);
lineto(264,272);
lineto(270,274);
lineto(280,276);
lineto(292,275);
lineto(304,272);
lineto(316,270);
lineto(322,271);
lineto(325,275);
lineto(323,283);
lineto(320,290);
lineto(307,314);
lineto(299,321);
lineto(295,322);
lineto(294,321);
lineto(301,313);
lineto(306,301);
moveto(308,306);
lineto(304,300);
lineto(295,297);
lineto(283,298);
lineto(268,304);
lineto(272,300);
lineto(286,294);
lineto(300,292);
lineto(309,289);
lineto(314,281);
lineto(319,275);
moveto(298,273);
lineto(301,276);
lineto(309,276);
lineto(312,278);
lineto(308,285);
lineto(306,290);
moveto(302,299);
lineto(301,308);
lineto(289,322);
lineto(291,327);
lineto(303,326);
lineto(313,316);
lineto(321,301);
lineto(329,287);
lineto(338,281);
moveto(284,276);
lineto(274,273);
lineto(268,270);
lineto(264,264);
lineto(261,260);
lineto(257,259);
lineto(253,259);
Snake & Ladder 40
moveto(282,248);
lineto(287,251);
lineto(294,255);
lineto(304,258);
lineto(310,255);
lineto(315,249);
lineto(315,245);
lineto(310,241);
lineto(304,241);
lineto(298,245);
lineto(294,247);
lineto(288,249);
lineto(282,247);
ellipse(304,248,0,360,4,4);
moveto(321,244);
lineto(314,237);
lineto(307,234);
lineto(301,236);
lineto(294,241);
lineto(288,244);
moveto(280,262);
lineto(281,257);
lineto(278,254);
lineto(273,254);
lineto(270,257);
ellipse(275,259,0,360,3,3);
moveto(297,230);
lineto(290,231);
lineto(284,233);
lineto(279,237);
lineto(282,242);
moveto(273,276);
lineto(277,284);
lineto(284,290);
lineto(280,281);
lineto(281,276);
moveto(263,272);
lineto(264,280);
lineto(270,288);
lineto(267,278);
lineto(268,274);
moveto(329,287);
lineto(332,280);
lineto(336,272);
lineto(333,267);
moveto(338,267);
lineto(379,265);
lineto(415,265);
lineto(442,260);
lineto(459,255);
lineto(478,247);
lineto(483,239);
moveto(334,284);
lineto(388,279);
lineto(457,265);
lineto(479,254);
lineto(485,240);
Snake & Ladder 41
lineto(486,219);
lineto(480,206);
lineto(451,175);
lineto(410,155);
lineto(381,142);
lineto(380,133);
lineto(392,128);
lineto(421,119);
lineto(446,111);
lineto(467,107);
moveto(335,239);
lineto(361,240);
lineto(404,242);
lineto(425,241);
lineto(438,239);
lineto(447,235);
lineto(455,229);
lineto(457,225);
lineto(456,221);
lineto(449,212);
lineto(409,186);
lineto(369,168);
lineto(353,150);
lineto(355,128);
lineto(364,118);
lineto(381,109);
lineto(388,106);
moveto(334,239);
lineto(340,244);
lineto(340,253);
lineto(388,253);
lineto(387,247);
lineto(382,241);
moveto(407,242);
lineto(413,247);
lineto(416,255);
lineto(442,250);
lineto(460,242);
lineto(474,232);
lineto(479,220);
lineto(475,207);
lineto(466,196);
lineto(458,197);
lineto(451,202);
lineto(458,209);
lineto(461,216);
lineto(459,224);
lineto(452,231);
moveto(456,181);
lineto(449,184);
lineto(445,191);
lineto(416,171);
lineto(397,164);
lineto(398,157);
lineto(408,154);
moveto(403,107);
lineto(406,112);
lineto(402,117);
Snake & Ladder 42
lineto(383,119);
lineto(373,125);
lineto(370,133);
lineto(372,143);
lineto(382,151);
lineto(375,153);
lineto(371,158);
lineto(360,151);
lineto(357,140);
lineto(359,124);
// filling color for snke after drawig outline....
setfillstyle(9,2);
setfillstyle(1,4);
setfillstyle(9,14);
setfillstyle(6,0);
setfillstyle(1,9);
setfillstyle(1,12);
setcolor(0);
setfillstyle(1,15);
setcolor(2);
outtextxy(116,129,"S");
outtextxy(116,149,"N");
outtextxy(116,169,"A");
outtextxy(116,189,"K");
outtextxy(116,209,"E");
outtextxy(141,217,"&");
outtextxy(169,221,"L");
outtextxy(169,261,"D");
outtextxy(169,321,"R");
setcolor(0);
outtextxy(114,148,"N");
Snake & Ladder 43
outtextxy(114,188,"K");
outtextxy(140,215,"&");
outtextxy(167,220,"L");
outtextxy(167,320,"R");
setcolor(7);
outtextxy(203,137,"THE UPS AND DOWN");
outtextxy(259,218,"OF VIRTUAL LIFE..");
setcolor(0);
outtextxy(201,135,"THE UPS AND DOWN");
outtextxy(257,216,"OF VIRTUAL LIFE..");
setcolor(0);
outtextxy(138,122,"'DASAPADA'");
setcolor(8);
outtextxy(108,352,"Project Team: Amrutha, Aswathi, Divya, Sruthi");
setcolor(0);
line(138,134,193,134);
line(138,136,193,136);
outtextxy(119,110,"Idea from");
outtextxy(187,344,"1.0");
setcolor(1);
setfillstyle(1,9);
//ladder
bar(392,127,400,241);
bar(392,278,400,359);
bar(448,110,456,229);
bar(448,266,456,350);
bar(397,137,448,142);
bar(397,176,448,181);
bar(397,216,448,221);
bar(397,286,448,291);
bar(397,337,448,342);
setfillstyle(1,1);
bar(392,127,398,241);
bar(392,278,398,361);
bar(448,110,454,231);
bar(448,266,454,352);
bar(397,137,448,140);
bar(397,176,448,179);
bar(397,216,448,219);
Snake & Ladder 44
bar(397,286,448,289);
bar(397,337,448,340);
setfillstyle(6,10);
bar(337,269,348,280);
bar(351,269,359,280);
bar(362,269,370,278);
bar(373,268,380,277);
bar(383,268,391,276);
bar(393,267,400,275);
bar(403,267,410,272);
bar(413,267,421,271);
bar(424,266,430,269);
bar(433,264,441,266);
bar(443,262,451,264);
bar(452,259,460,262);
bar(462,256,467,258);
bar(468,253,474,255);
bar(476,248,480,251);
setcolor(0);
rectangle(223,364,380,369);
setfillstyle(1,0);
//progress bar
nex=224;
star=2;
for(j=10,t=10;j<49;)
{
t++;
j++;
bar(nex,365,nex+star,368);
nex+=star;
nex+=2;
delay(190);
}
}
// move dice in board to next cell

void move(int x,int y,int sel)
{
if(sel==1)
{
setfillstyle(1,4);
setcolor(14);
rectangle(x-1,y-1,x+10,y+10);
}
else
{
setfillstyle(1,14);
setcolor(12);
rectangle(x-1,y-1,x+10,y+10);
}
bar(x,y,x+9,y+9);
Snake & Ladder 45
//change position of dice in board

void changeposition(int num,int player)
{
num--;
if(player==1)
move(417-(num%10*38),427-(num/10*38),1);
if(player==2)
move(417-(num%10*38),405-(num/10*38),2);
}
// save image portion before any paint function

void saveimageportion(int num,int player)
{
if(player==1)
{
sd1=imagesize(416-(num%10*38),426-(num/10*38),(417-(num%10*38))+10,(427-
(num/10*38))+10);
d1 = malloc(sd1);
getimage(416-(num%10*38),426-(num/10*38),(417-(num%10*38))+10,(427-(num/10*38))
+10,d1);
}
if(player==2)
{
sd2=imagesize(416-(num%10*38),404-(num/10*38),(417-(num%10*38))+10,(407-
(num/10*38))+10);
d2 = malloc(sd2);
getimage(416-(num%10*38),404-(num/10*38),(417-(num%10*38))+10,(407-
(num/10*38))+10,d2);
// restore save image to correct location

void putimageportion(int num,int player)
{
if(player==1)
{
putimage(416-(num%10*38),426-(num/10*38),d1,0);
}
if(player==2)
{
putimage(416-(num%10*38),404-(num/10*38),d2,0);
}
// drawing dice after playing

void dicerun(int num)
Snake & Ladder 46
{
setcolor(12);
setfillstyle(1,12);
bar(508,209,537,226);
setcolor(15);
setfillstyle(1,15);
if(num==1)
if(num==2)
{
}
if(num==3)
{
}
if(num==4)
{
}
if(num==5)
{
}
if(num==6)
{
}
// main function...
void main()
{ // detect graphics driver and graphics mode....
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int i,j,b,sx,sy,z,col,x1,y1,w1,z1;
Snake & Ladder 47
char dd[20],dc[5];
int num;
int dice=0,k,l,chance=1,selemode=1,end=0;
int one_dice=0,prev1_dice=0,prev2_dice=0,sec_dice=0;
void *d1,*d2,*result;
unsigned int sd1,sd2,resarea;
// initilizing mouse functions
initmouse();
// these libraries for making stand alon program by inserting
// graphics libraries,, so no need to put the BGI path in the program
//The program will work without graphics driver in the system..
// for all steps refere document inside TC\DOC
/* registerfarbgidriver(EGAVGA_driver_far);
registerfarbgifont(sansserif_font_far);
registerfarbgifont(triplex_font_far);
registerfarbgifont(small_font_far);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,NULL);
*/
// initilizing graphics driver
initgraph(&gd,&gm,PATH);
// getting maximum x and y size of active or current display mode
w1=getmaxx(),z1=getmaxy();
x1=0;
y1=0;
// drawing splash screen
splash();
// clearing display device and its memory for main window drawing
cleardevice();
// drawing snake and ladder game outline window
createwindo(x1,y1,w1,z1,9);
// drawing game board cells for playing
board();
// showing mouse pointer after drwaing all graphics windows
showmouseptr();
/* main loop and only one infinite loop for the program to run every time
for getting input from the devices.. this loop will be exited
when the "Exit" button is clicked.
*/
while(1)
{
// this was used to get the mouse position every time to

// identify the current position of mouse for each functions
// mouse cordinates was stored in sx and sy variables..
getmousepos(&b,&sx,&sy);
// used to give action for single nd double button clicked actions
// and selemode variable is set
// single
// b variable is used for checking buton status..

// b=1 left button clicked
if(b==1&&sx>468&&sy>150&&sx<562&&sy<170)
Snake & Ladder 48
{
hidemouseptr();
setcolor(7);
setcolor(15);
showmouseptr();
selemode=1;
end=0;
one_dice=0;
sec_dice=0;
putimageportion(prev1_dice,1);
chance=1;
setcolor(15);
rectangle(528,348,614,388);
setcolor(9);
rectangle(528,400,614,440);
setcolor(0);
outtextxy(484,304,"ÛÛÛ");
setcolor(15);
outtextxy(484,304,"0");
outtextxy(558,304,"0");
setcolor(12);
setfillstyle(1,12);
bar(508,209,537,226);
}
// double
if(b==1&&sx>468&&sy>175&&sx<562&&sy<195)
{
hidemouseptr();
setcolor(15);
setcolor(7);
showmouseptr();
selemode=2;
end=0;
one_dice=0;
sec_dice=0;
chance=1;
setcolor(15);
rectangle(528,348,614,388);
setcolor(9);
rectangle(528,400,614,440);
setcolor(0);
setcolor(15);
outtextxy(484,304,"0");
outtextxy(558,304,"0");
setcolor(12);
setfillstyle(1,12);
bar(508,209,537,226);
Snake & Ladder 49
if(b==1&&sx>530&&sy>53&&sx<615&&sy<85)
{
end=0;
one_dice=0;
sec_dice=0;
chance=1;
setcolor(15);
rectangle(528,348,614,388);
setcolor(9);
rectangle(528,400,614,440);
setcolor(0);
setcolor(15);
outtextxy(484,304,"0");
outtextxy(558,304,"0");
setcolor(12);
setfillstyle(1,12);
bar(508,209,537,226);
if(b==1)
{
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
if(end==0&&chance==1&&b==1&&sx>528&&sy>348&&sx<614&&sy<388)
{
// player 1 bcreate(528,348,614,388,11);
//loop runs contnously when mouse button was pressed and stops
//when mouse button is released..
dice=0;
while(b==1)
{
dice++;
if(dice==7)
dice=1;
}
dicerun(dice);
// hiding mouse and waiting for one more chance / click when dice = 6
hidemouseptr();
if(dice==6)
{
setcolor(15);
rectangle(528,348,614,388);
setcolor(9);
rectangle(528,400,614,440);
Snake & Ladder 50
chance=1;
}
else
{
setcolor(9);
rectangle(528,348,614,388);
setcolor(15);
rectangle(528,400,614,440);
chance=2;
}
// show mouse pointer
showmouseptr();
one_dice+=dice;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
for(j=0;j<1;j++)
{
if(ladder[i][j]==one_dice)
one_dice=ladder[i][1];
if(snake[i][j]==one_dice)
one_dice=snake[i][1];
}
sound(400);
delay(500);
nosound();
if(one_dice<=100)
{
num=one_dice;
num--;
saveimageportion(num,1);
changeposition(one_dice,1);
prev1_dice=one_dice-1;
}
else
{
one_dice-=dice;
}
sprintf(dc,"%d",one_dice);
setcolor(0);
setcolor(15);
outtextxy(485,304,dc);
if(one_dice==100)
{
end=1;
hidemouseptr();
resarea=imagesize(190,170,435,320);
result=malloc(resarea);
getimage(190,170,435,320,result);
Snake & Ladder 51
setfillstyle(1,0);
setcolor(15);
rectangle(190,170,435,320);
bar(191,171,434,319);
outtextxy(258,242,"PLAYER 1 WON");
rectangle(369,272,415,280);
rectangle(378,261,404,271);
line(378,261,384,255);
line(384,255,377,209);
line(405,209,399,255);
line(399,255,404,261);
ellipse(391,209,0,360,14,3);
setfillstyle(1,8);
setfillstyle(1,4);
setfillstyle(1,1);
setfillstyle(1,7);
setcolor(14);
outtextxy(280,303,"press any key to continue..");
getch();
putimage(190,170,result,0);
free(result);
showmouseptr();
}
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// double mode for two player
if(selemode==2&&end==0&&chance==2&&b==1&&sx>528&&sy>400&&sx<614&&sy<44
0)
{
dice=0;
while(b==1)
{
dice++;
if(dice==7)
dice=1;
}
dicerun(dice);
hidemouseptr();
if(dice==6)
{
setcolor(9);
rectangle(528,348,614,388);
setcolor(15);
rectangle(528,400,614,440);
chance=2;
}
else
{
Snake & Ladder 52
setcolor(15);
rectangle(528,348,614,388);
setcolor(9);
rectangle(528,400,614,440);
chance=1;
}
showmouseptr();
sec_dice+=dice;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
for(j=0;j<1;j++)
{
if(ladder[i][j]==sec_dice)
sec_dice=ladder[i][1];
if(snake[i][j]==sec_dice)
sec_dice=snake[i][1];
}
sound(400);
delay(500);
nosound();
if(sec_dice<=100)
{
num=sec_dice;
num--;
changeposition(sec_dice,2);
prev2_dice=sec_dice-1;
}
else
{
sec_dice-=dice;
}
sprintf(dc,"%d",sec_dice);
setcolor(0);
setcolor(15);
if(sec_dice==100)
{
end=1;
hidemouseptr();
setfillstyle(1,0);
setcolor(15);
rectangle(190,170,435,320);
bar(191,171,434,319);
Snake & Ladder 53
outtextxy(258,242,"PLAYER 2 WON");
rectangle(369,272,415,280);
rectangle(378,261,404,271);
line(378,261,384,255);
line(384,255,377,209);
line(405,209,399,255);
line(399,255,404,261);
ellipse(391,209,0,360,14,3);
setfillstyle(1,8);
setfillstyle(1,4);
setfillstyle(1,1);
setfillstyle(1,7);
setcolor(14);
getch();
free(result);
showmouseptr();
}
//////////////////////////////////////////computer mode play
else
if(selemode==1&&end==0&&chance==2)
{
// computer mode
dice=random(6);
if(dice==0)
dice=1;
dicerun(dice);
hidemouseptr();
if(dice==6)
{
setcolor(9);
rectangle(528,348,614,388);
setcolor(15);
rectangle(528,400,614,440);
chance=2;
}
else
{
setcolor(15);
rectangle(528,348,614,388);
setcolor(9);
rectangle(528,400,614,440);
chance=1;
}
showmouseptr();
sec_dice+=dice;
Snake & Ladder 54
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
for(j=0;j<1;j++)
{
if(ladder[i][j]==sec_dice)
sec_dice=ladder[i][1];
if(snake[i][j]==sec_dice)
sec_dice=snake[i][1];
}
sound(200);
delay(500);
sound(300);
delay(200);
sound(500);
delay(100);
nosound();
if(sec_dice<=100)
{
num=sec_dice;
num--;
changeposition(sec_dice,2);
prev2_dice=sec_dice-1;
}
else
{
sec_dice-=dice;
}
sprintf(dc,"%d",sec_dice);
setcolor(0);
setcolor(15);
if(sec_dice==100)
{
end=1;
hidemouseptr();
setfillstyle(1,0);
setcolor(15);
rectangle(190,170,435,320);
bar(191,171,434,319);
outtextxy(258,242,"COMPUTER WON");
rectangle(369,272,415,280);
rectangle(378,261,404,271);
line(378,261,384,255);
line(384,255,377,209);
line(405,209,399,255);
Snake & Ladder 55
line(399,255,404,261);
ellipse(391,209,0,360,14,3);
setfillstyle(1,8);
setfillstyle(1,4);
setfillstyle(1,1);
setfillstyle(1,7);
setcolor(14);
getch();
free(result);
showmouseptr();
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////
}
// exit button pressed

if(b==1&&sx>530&&sy>90&&sx<615&&sy<111)
{
break;
}
}
// close graphics mode

closegraph();
// restore to CRT mode normal text mode
restorecrtmode();
}
B: Screen Shots:
Splash Screen
Snake & Ladder 56
Game Window
Snake & Ladder 57
BIBILIOGRAPHY &
REFERENCE
References:
Snake & Ladder 58
http://www.brackeen.com/vga/index.html
Bibliography:
Web sites
C Programming
www.cprogramming.com
www.cs.cf.ac.uk/Dave/C/CE.html
Graphics
http://www.brackeen.com/vga/index.html
www.programmingsimplified.com/c-graphics-programming-tutorial.html
C & Graphics Books
 The C Programming Language by Brian W. Kernighan, Dennis M.

Ritchie
 Let Us C by Yashwant Kanetkar
 Graphics Under C by Yashwant Kanetkar

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Snake & Ladder 1

2.1 Existing System

Snakes and Ladders is an ancient Indian board game regarded today as a

A number of "ladders" and "snakes" are pictured on the board, each

Snakes and Ladders originated in India as part of a family of dice board

2.1 Proposed System

The program was divided in to two screens:

 Program Splash and Details

 Game square board.

 Dice display board.

 Dice button for running the dice.

 Single / Double Mode.

3.1 Software Requirements

3.2 Hardware Requirements

Processor : PC with a Pentium II-class.

4.1 Feasibility Analysis

4.1.1 Economic & Technical Feasibility

This is concerned with specifying equipment and software that will

In computing, C is a general-purpose programming language initially

Its design provides constructs that map efficiently to typical machine

formerly been coded in assembly, most notably system software like

Turbo C++ was a C++ compiler and integrated development environment and

C graphics using graphics’ functions or WinBGIM (Windows 7) can be used to

The program was completely developed with the support of Graphics.h

Graphics in C Language to 16 bit C programming and MS DOS environment.

4.1.2 Social & Behavioral Feasibility

5.1 Input Design

5.2 Output Design

5.3 Interface Design:

Interface design is the first step in the development phase for an

DOS operating system was not supported with an powerful GUI, so we

Game Window Design

Border and Shading

There are two ways to communicate with the mouse:

Splash and Snake Picture

5.4 Procedural and Functional Design

New Game & Exit

Dice Run Functions

Dice Value Display

Display box is used for showing the values received

5.5 Flow Diagram

A flow diagram is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data through

Often they are a preliminary step used to create an overview of the

To elaborate further from that, we drill down to a level 1 diagram with

This could continue to evolve to become a level 2 diagram when further

5.3 System Flow Chart

A flowchart (also spelled flow-chart and flow chart) is a schematic

 Start and end symbols: Represented as circles, ovals or rounded

Testing is probably the most important phase for long-term support as

 initmouse() : Tested to initialize mouse functions and drivers

unsigned int sd1,sd2;

// used for drawing outline for button to make up effect

// drawing board for playing game

// printing number in graphics mode with formatted output

// drawing big snake body

// move dice in board to next cell

//change position of dice in board

// save image portion before any paint function

// restore save image to correct location