Mycorrhizae MCQs BS 8th Regular

Fungal roots were discovered by:

a) A.B Frank b)Peterson

b) Farquhar d) none of the above

2) On the basis of morphological and anatomical features, mycorrhizae

are divided into how many types:

a) Two b) three

c) Four d) five

3) Fungi formed association with plants belong to:

a) Ascomycetes b) zygomycetes

c) Basidiomycetes d) all of above

4) Endomycorrizae classified into how many types:

a) Five b) four

c) Seven d) none of the above

5) A major difference between the arbutoid and ectomycorrhizal

association is that:

a) Penetration of hyphae b) fungal sheath

c) Both a & b d) none of the above

6) No hyphal penetration of cells occurs in:

a) Endomycorrizae b) ectmycorrizae

c) Both a& b d) none

7) Mycelial association helps in the absorption of:

a) N, Ca, P, Zn b) N, Pa, Mn, Co

c) Other d) both a & b

8)100g bulk inoculum is sufficient for:

a) 1m2 b) 2m2

c) 3m2 d) 4m2

9) Benefits of mycorrhizae are:

a) Absorption of nutrients b) increase drought resistance

c) Enhance plant efficiency d) All of above

10) Which one of the type has psedumycorrhizal association?

a) Arbutoid b) orchidoid

c) VAM mycorrhizae d) none

Answer:

1) a 2) b 3)d 4)a 5) a 6)b 7) a 8) a 9)d 10)b

Mcqs of Mycorrhizae

1.How many plants still maintain some mycorrhizal association?

a) 90 to 95% b) 80 to 85% c) 70 to 75

2.The study of ______ fungi has fundamental importance in mycorrhizal biology.

a) Endomycorrhizae b)Arbuscular mycorrhizae c) both a $b

3.After successfull colonization AM fungus forming intraradically different structure known as.

a) Vesicles b) Arbuscules c) both a $b

4.Which are the main carbon storage compounds of fungus.

a) TAG and Glycogen b) Glycerides c) None

5.Synthesis of _______ cell wall occur surround all fungal structure.

a) Chitinous b) Cellolose c) Glycogen

6.________ consist of Hyphae that branch dichotomously.

a) Arbuscules b) Vesicles c) both

7.Root colonization is accompanied by development of _____mycelium.

a) Extraradical b) Intraradical c) None

8.Woolhouse proposed that host root cortical cell may release_______to symbiotic plant to fungi.

a) Protein b) suger c) Lipid

9.Carbon flow occur from------------- to -------------

a) Plant to fungus b) fungus to plant c) None

10.Which proposed that fungal carbon uptake at interface might be passive.

a) Woolhouse b) Harrison c) Bevedge

11.Respiration is higher in ------------- roots.

a) Mycorrhizal roots b) Non-mycorrhizal roots c) None

12.Hexose taken up fungus is converted into----------------.

a) Tetrahalose and glycerol b) trehalose and glycogen c) Both

13.__________% photoassimilate move toward mycorrhizal root system.

a) 4 to 20% b) 3 to 15% c) 5 to 25%

Mcqs Answer

1.a 2.b 3.c 4.a 5.a 6.a 7.a 8.b 9.a 10.c 11.a 12.b 13.a
Mineral nutrition and water relation
Mineral transport pathway
1. Which are the shaker type channels that are involve in K
uptake
a) Populus euphratica
b) Populus tricocarpa
c) Hebloma cylendrosporum
d) Both a and b
2. In AM plants which members are identified and
characterized
a) HKT ,HAK
b) LJHAK
c) RiHAK
d) ERM
3. In ECM symbiosis which fungus are analysed in K
transport system
a) Hebloma
b) Hebloma cylendrosporum
c) Yeast fungus
d) Zygomycota fungus
4. Allowing the K uptake from apoplasm which data suggest
the role of plant protein
a) Genomic
b) Genomic + transcriptomic
c) Transcriptomic
 d) None
5. Which library of rhizophagus irregularis allows the
identification of K transport related protein
a) EST
b) EPST
c) PST
d) All
6. Transcriptomic analysis revealed high overexpression of K
transporter in
a) Lotus mantle
b) In fungal spores
c) Lotus japonicus
d) None
7. Capability in K transport was verified in
a) Middle lines
b) Dotted lines
c) Full lines
d) All
8. AM fungal structure include
a) ERM ,spore
b) Hypopodium
c) Arbuscules
d) All of above
9. ECM fungal structure include all except one
a) Extraradical hyphae
b) ERM
c) Fungal mantle
d) Hartig net
10. Example of model plant i
 a) Nematode worm
b) Arabidopsis thaliana
c) Both
d) Zebra fish
11. How many sequence of R irregularis from EST library
identified in K transport
a) Six
b) Five
c) Eight
d) Four
12. Which fungi have the capacity to breaking the
phenolic compounds in soil
a) ECM fungi
b) Erichoid fungi
c) Both
d) None
13. Root colonization can provide protection from
parasitic fungi and nematodes by
a) VAM
b) ERM
c) GMV
d) All
14. Which fungi are economically are nutritionaly?
a) ERM
b) ECM
c) VCM
d) All
15. Which mineral nutrient have very limited mobility in
soil
 a) Nitrogen
b) Potassium
c) Sulphur d) phosphorus

1. Crude inoculum consist of:

a) Spores b) Parts of infected c) Hyphae of AMF d) All
roots
2. Term magcorizoe means:
a) Plant root b) Fungus root c) Algea root with d) None of these
plant
3. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are absent in plants families:
a) Less then 30 b) Less then 20 c) Less then 50 d) None of these
4. AM fungal hyphae are smaller n diameter than plan roots
a) 5.2-2.5 times b) 3.2-5.2 times c) 2.5-5 times d) 4-5.2 times
5. Producing high quality inoculum will depend on:
a) Growth b) Type of soil c) Temperature d) Both a& c
environment
6. Moisture content aplequate for inoculum production is:
a) 0.1-0.2 b) 0.2-0.3 c) 0.3-0.4 d) None of these
7. Inoculoum is produced using medium:
a) Extremely high b) Extremely low c) Without P buffer d) None of these
P P buffer capacity
8. A nurse plant grow in inoculum production medium in
a) 10-14 weeks b) 10-12 weeks c) 12-14 weeks d) None of these
9. High concentration of ………. Is believed to inhibit the root colonization:
a) Nitrogen b) Carbon c) Oxygen d) All of these
10. For the production of crude inoculum quantity of zinc should be
a) 8 b) 9 c) 10 d) 12
11. Soil from the _ part is used as inoculum in plant hosting part AMF
a) Root zone b) Shoot zone c) Ariel parts d) None
12.
a) b) c) d)

Soil sample from field should be taken from depth of

0-10 cm

0-20 cm

0-30 cm
0-40 cm

If the soil is dry at sampling it must be soaked for

10-20 min

20-30 min

30-40 min

30-60 min

Cold temperature use to overcome the innate dormancy

4’C

5’C

3’C

6’C

Spores can be incubated in membrane filter for

3 weeks

2 weeks

4 weeks

5 weeks

Petri dish with spores is covered and incubated in dark at

10’C

20’C

30’C

40’C

Medium in submerged sand system is necessarily changes at a interval of

2-3 days

3-4 days

4-5 days
5-6 days

Plant tops are cut after ________ weeks of transplanting.

Seven to eight

Eight to nine

Nine to ten

Six to seven

Roots are gently removed after _______ months of growth.

4 months

5 months

6 months

7 months

In hydroponic production roots are cut into _______ length.

1 cm

2 cm

3 cm

4 cm

Finely ground rock phosphate is used as a source of

Infected host plants are transferred to the aeroponic chamber with ______ spacing between plants.

10-11 cm

10-12 cm

10-13 cm
10-14 cm

Moist roots and spores can be stored in

Tap water

Ground water

Distilled water

Mud water

Aim of clearing of roots is to get rid of nuclear and _______ materials in order to facilitate maximal
penetration of stain.

Cytoplasmic

Protoplasmic

Chlorophyll

Water

_______ must be acidified to facilitate retention of the stain by the target specimen.

Shoots

Leaves

Stem

Roots

Use rubber gloves during the preparation and use of .

Clearing

Staining

Acidifying solution

All of these

1) One way to assess the quality of an inoculum is to determine the density of

a) viable spore
b) non -viable spore
c) germinating spores
d) both a and b
2) Growth of indicator plant can be determine over time nondestructively by
 a) Meaning leaf area index
b) Plant height
c) Measuring leaf number
d) All of these
3) P status of plant can be determine
a) Destructively
a) Nondestructively
b) Both
c) None
4) The prevalent seedling production practices are based on
a) Organic media
b) Soil based media
c) Non organic media
d) None of these
5) Soil based media is heavy and have
a) High water holding capacity
b) Low water holding capacity
c) None of these
6) Poor inoculum performance may be a result of
a) Low level of infective propagules
b) High level of infective propagules
c) Moderate level of infective propagules
d) Both a and b

7) The optimum P concentration at which balance is maintained FOR FAST GROWING PLANT
SPECIES IS

a) 0.002mg\L
b) 0.02mg\L
c) 0.03mg\L
d) 0.04mg\L
7) The measure of degree to which a plant species relies on mycorrihizal condition for nutrient
uptake called as
a) Mycorrhizal dependency
b) Mycorrhizal independency
c) Mycorrhizal stability
8) The activities of AM fungi can severely curtailed by soil disturbance in
a) Native ecosystem
b) Agriculture ecosystem
c) Both

10) Being obligate symbiants AM fungi could be mass produced only in the presence of
 a) Living roots
b) Non-living roots
c) Rooten roots
d) None o0f these

11) The In vitro laxenic culture technique are

a) Solution culture
b) Aeroponic culture
c) Root organ culture
d) All of these

12) The culture involves applying a fine mist of nutrient solution to colonized rootsw is called as

a) Solution culture
b) Aeroponic culture
c) Root organ culture

13) Technique used for mass production of AM inoculum are

a) In vivo culture
b) In vitro culture
c) Both

14) In Australia a phenomenon adversely affects many crops called as

a) Long fallow disorder

b) Soil condition
c) No of infective propagules

15) The first formal definition of role of AM fungi in plant nutrient uptake and growth wase made in

a) 1978
b) 1975
c) 1940
d) 1990