DIN 471-Vskočniki Zunanji

UDC 621.887.6 :621.824 :001.4 :003.62 :620.
1 DEUTSCHE NORM September 1981

Circlips
(retaining rings)
for shafts
Normal type and heavy type I 471
Sicherungsringe (Halteringe) für Wellen; Regelausführung Supersedes
und schwere Ausführung DIN 471 Part 1/03.65 and
DIN 471 Part 2/03.65 and
partially supersedes
DIN 995/01.70
As it is current practice in standards published b y the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the comma
has been used throughout as a decimal marker.
Dimensions in mm
Contents
Page
1 Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Dimension letters, symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3 Dimensions, designation, design data ..................2
4 Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5 Finish.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6 Testing.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
7 Load-bearing capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8 Detachmentspeed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
9 Shape of groove . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1O
10 Fitting the circlip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1 Concept
Circlips within the meaning of this standard are retaining rings for holding structural components (e.g. rolling bearings)
on shafts. They are given an eccentric shape, are fitted with spring retention in grooves and are suitable for the trans-
mission of axial forces (see in this respect clause 7).
2 Dimension letters, symbols

radial width of the lug
beam (radial width of circlip opposite the aperture)
distance between measuring plates for testing spiral flatness
shaft diameter
groove diameter
internal diameter of circlip not under tension
maximum symmetrical diameter of bore during fitting
diameter of the lug holes
modulus of elasticity
load-bearingcapacity of groove a t a yield point of the grooved material of 200 N/mm2 (see subclause 7.1 )
load-bearingcapacity of circlip with sharp-edged abutment of the pressing part (see subclause 7.2)
load-bearingcapacity of circlip for abutment with edge chamfering distanceg (see subclause 7.2)
yield point
edge chamfering distance of the abutment surface to the circlip
distance between the plates when testing conical deformation
groove width
edge margin
detachment speed of the circlip (see clause 8)
curvature in the groove base or test jaws
thickness of the circlip
groove depth with nominal sizes of dl and d2 Continued on pages 2 to 12
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SoleFur 8818 rights
Normung E.V.of German Standards (DIN-Normen) are with Beuth Verlag GmbH. Beriin
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Page2 DIN 471
3 Dimensions, designation, design data

The circlips do not need t o conform t o the illustration; only the dimensions specified must be adhered to.
unloaded
shape of ring at manufacturer’s discretion
External clearance
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-4%
Figure 1. Figure 2.
Detail of x
di s 9 m m di > 9 300mm di’ 170mm
a t manufacturer‘s discretion
I pdJ 141
Figure 3.
Values for peak-to-valley height for groove base and loaded edge must be specified in each case.
Designation of a circlip for shaft diameter (nominal dimension) dl = 40 mm and circlip thickness = 1.75 mm:
Circlip DIN 471 - 40 x 1,75
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DIN 471 Page3
Table 1. Normal type
Shaft Clip Groove Supplementary data 4)

diam-
eter Nominal
Weight
of 1000 size
dl
S d3 a bl) 4 pieces di2) m3) n d4 FN FR g FRC h i according
of pliers
ominal in kg
limen- per per. Per to
sion dev. dev. man. % mln. dev H13 rnln. kN kN kN min-1 DIN 5254
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Page4 DIN471
Table 1. (continued)
I
Shaft
dam-
eter
Clip Groove
I Supplementary data 4)
Nominal
Weight size
dl
Of 1000 of pliers
Nmninal d3 a b') d5 pieces d22) m31 t d4 FN 8 FR. '.bl according
dimen- in kg to
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1
per per.
sion
i 1 i5i
dev. dev. ma. min. % mln. kN kN kN min-' DIN 5254
72 2.5 67.5 8.2 6.8 3 22.5 69 I
12.65 1.5 4.5 I 89.2 1 55.30 1131.8 12.51 22.8 [ 6190
75 12,51 8,41 7 13
78 2.5 -:,o7 73,5 io.46 8.6 7.3 3 40
80 2.5 74.5 8.6 7.4 3 27.3 76.5
82 I 2.5 1 I 76,5 8.7 I 7,6 13 I 31.2 I 78.5 12,6511,75 5.3 100.3 73.50 128.0 3 19.6 5860
85 3 79.5 8.7 I 7.8 13.51 36.4 I 81.5 13.1511.75 5,3 103.3 76.20 215.4 3 33.4 5710
5.3 106.5 79.00 221.8 3 34.85 5200
i ;1 1
1108.5 ~ 80,80 217.2
5.3 114,8 85.50 212.2 3.5 29.25 4550
5,3 120,2 90,OO.206.4 3,5 29.0 85
125.8 107.6 471.8 13 67.7
3.5 134.4
134341
6 131.2 113.0 457.0 3.5 66.9 4340
6 137.3 118.2 438.6 3.5 65.5 3970
6 143.1 123.5 424,6 3,5 64.5 3685
1149 1128,7 1411,514 156,5
154.4 134.0 395.5 4 55,2
159.8 139.2 389.5 4 55.4
6 165.2 144.5 376.5 4 54.4 2760
6 I 170.6 1 149.6 1367.0 14 I 53.8 I 2600
I I
7.5 177.3 193.0 1357.5 I 4 I 53.4 I 2480
I
7,5 182,3 199.6 1 1 352.9 14 I 52.6 I 2710
7.51188 1206.1 1349.214 152.2 I 2540
7.5 193.4 212.5 1345.3 5 41.4 2520
7.5 198.4 219.1 1349.2 5 41.9 2440
7.5 203.4 225.5 1340.1 5 40.7 2300
7,51210 1232.2 1345,315 i41.4 I 2180 I
7.51 215 1238.6 i 336.715 140.4 I 2070 I 125
I For I ) , 2). 3) and 4) see page 3
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DIN471 Page5
Table 2. Heavy type
Clip
7 Groove Supplementary data4)
1
Weight
dl Of 1000
Nominal d3 a d4 FN FR g FR#
dimen- per, in kg
sion I dey dev kN kN kN
I
~ min-’
18 1,5 -:pt
20 1,75
22 1.75
- OP2
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32.2 6.7
2.65 11
55.8
-1.1
74.5
9 13.51 71,6 I 96.5 I

For I ) , 2). 3) and 4) see page 3
Note: d 4 calculated from: d 4 = dl + 2.1 a
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Page6 DIN471
4 Material
C 67, C 75 or Ck 75 spring steel in accordance with DIN 17 222 (at manufacturer's discretion)
Table 3 applies in respect of the hardness:
Table 3.
7
Nominal diameter
of circlip Hardness
over I to
- 470 t o 580 Vickers hardness

48
(correspondingt o 47 to 54 Rockwell C hardness)
435 t o 530 Vickers hardness

48 200
(corresponding to 44 to 51 Rockwell C hardness)
200 I 300 I 390 t o 470 Vickers hardness

(correspondingt o 40 to 47 Rockwell C hardness)
Hardness values converted in accordance with DIN 50 150
Other materials on agreement
5 Finish
Circlips must be without burr.
Circlips are normally supplied corrosionproof in accordance with able 4 ( a t m nufacturer's discretion). No special details
concerning this condition on delivery must be stated in the designation of a circlip.
Type of anti-corrosion treatment Corrosion resistance

No.
Phosphatized and oiled

1 according t o DIN 50942 No sign of corrosion permis-
sible after 8 hours of exposure
Symbol: Znph r . . .f
to salt spray according t o
DIN 50021 -SS
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Blackened and oiled
2
(thermally or chemically)
Burnished and oiled Protection value

according t o DIN 50 938 according t o DIN 50 938
3
Process class A December 1973 edition,
Symbol: br A f subclause 5.2
I f a particular anti-corrosion treatment i s required which i s different from table 4, the designation of the circlip must be
supplemented accordingly.
For platings, the symbols according to DIN 267 Part 9 apply, e.g.:
Circlip DIN 471 - 40 x 1.75 - A3K
I n the case of mass plating of circlips in a drum or bell, it i s not possible t o maintain closely toleranced plating thicknesses.
Attention is drawn to DIN 267 Part 9 regarding the danger of hydrogen-induceddelayed brittle fractures in the case of
circlips with electroplated surface protection.
The upper limit of the circlip thickness may be exceeded according to the film thickness of the plating required in the
case of circlips with electroplated surface protection. This must be taken into account when designing the groove.
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DIN471 Page7
6 Testing
6.1 Testing the material
Vickers hardness test in accordance with DIN 50 133 Part 1
Rockwell hardness test in accordance with DIN 50 103 Part 1
I n cases of doubt, the Vickers hardness test applies.
6.2 Bend and fracture test

The testing of the circlip for ductility must be carried out in accordance with figure 4.
Figure 4. Bend test
One half of the circlip is clamped between two jaws, of which one has a radius equal to the thickness of the circlip. The
circlip i s bent through 30" by repeated light hammer blows or with a lever, following which there must be no fractures or
cracks in the circlip. The circlip is then further bent until fracture occurs. The fracture surface must reveal a fine-grained
structure.
6.3 Testing the deformation

6.3.1 Testing the conical deformation
The circlip is placed between two parallel plates and loaded in accordance with figure 5. The distance h -s measured
under force F must not exceed the maximum value stated in table 5.
Figure 5. Testing the conical deformation
Nominal diameter Force F in N f 5 %

of circlip h-s
Normal Heavy
over to type type max.
- 22 30 60
22 38 40 80 b X 0,03
38 82 60 120
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82
150
150
300
80
150
160
300
b X 0,02
I
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Page8 DIN471
6-32 Testing t h e spiral flatness

The circlip must fall through t w o parallel, perpendicular plates w i t h a clearance c in accordance w i t h table 6.
Table 6.
Nominal diameter
of circlip C
over to
- 1O0 1,5 X s
1O0 - 1.8 X s
Figure 6. Testing the spiral flatness
6.4 Testing the function (permanent set and grip test)

The circlip is passed five times over a cone with a diameter o f 1,O1 dl in accordance w i t h figure 14 and must then be
f i t t e d o n t o a b o l t of minimum groove diameter d2 where it must remain under its o w n weight.
6.5 Acceptance testing

For the acceptance testing the principles for testing and acceptance in accordance w i t h DIN 267 Part 5 apply.
Table 7 applies t o the features, while table 8 applies for the acceptable quality level.
Table 7.
Features
Circlip thickness s
Circlip internal diameter d3
Conical deformation
Spiral flatness
Function (set and grip)
Table 8.
7
Acceptable quality level AQL 1)
for testing of features for testing for faulty parts
1 13
1) See DIN 40080
7 Load-bearing capacity
A circlip connection requires separate calculations for the load-bearing capacity of the groove FN and for the load-bearing
capacity of the circlip F R . In each case the weaker part is that which applies. The load-bearing capacities ( F N F, R , FRg)
listed in clause 3 contain no safety neither against yielding under static stress nor against fatigue fracture under fluctuating
stress. There is a t least twice the level of safety against fracture under static stress.
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DIN471 Page9
7.1 Load-bearing capacity of groove FN

The load-bearingcapacity of the groove F N in clause 3 applies for a yield point of the material in the region of the shaft
groove of Re, = 200 N/mmz as well as for the given nominal groove depths t and edge margins n.
The load-bearingcapacity F# for deviating groove depths t' (resulting from deviating shaft diameters dl and/or deviating
groove diameters d 2 ) and yield points R&, (previously u:) i s directly proportional to the groove depth and the yield
point:
7.2 Load-bearingcapacity of circlip F R

The load-bearingcapacity of the circlip FR in accordance with clause 3 applies to a sharp-edged abutment of the pressing
machine part (see figure 7).
Figure 7. Sharp-edged abutment Figure 8. Abutment with edge chamfering distance
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(chamfering or rounding)
The values F R , apply t o an abutment with an edge chamfering distanceg (see figure 8).
The two values FR and F R g apply to circlip materials with a modulus of elasticity (E-modulus)of 210000 N/rnm*. If
circlips of a different material with a different E-modulusE'are used, then, for conversion, the load-bearingcapacity of
the circlip i s directly proportional to the modulus of elasticity:
E'
F;L =FR*-
21o O00
If the existing edge chamfering distanceg' deviates from the values in clause 3,then, for conversion, the load-bearing
capacity of the circlip is indirectly proportional to the edge chamfering distance:
Note: I f Fhg with small values of g' is greater than F R , then F R applies.
If the existing forces, because of too great an edge chamfering distance, cannot be accommodated, then a sharp-edged
abutment must be created by means of a supporting ring in accordance wiht DIN 988 (see figure 9).
Figure 9. Sharp-edged abutment a t the circlip using a supporting ring
8 Detachment speed
The application of circlips i s limited by those speeds a t which the pretension is relieved by centrifugal force and a t which
the circlip starts to lift from i t s seating in the groove base.
I n table 1 and table 2, detachment speeds nab1 are given a t which the circlips start to become detached from their seating in
the groove (groove diameter = nominal diameter). Actual release of the circlip can be expected only after a further
increase of the speeds by 50%. The values apply to circlips made of spring steels as specified in clause 4.
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Page 10 DIN 471
9 Shape of groove
9.1 Groove diameter d2
The groove diameters d2 specified in clause 3 are selected so that the circlips are seated in the groove with pretension.
Note: Smaller groove diameters are possible if pretension can be dispensed with. The lower limit is; d z min. = d 3 max.
9.2 Groove width m

As a rule, for the groove widths specified in table 1 and table 2, the tolerance zone H13 applies. With unilateral power
transmission, the grooves can be widened and/or chamfered towards the unloaded side. The groove width has no influence
on the load-bearingcapacity of the circlip connection. Intra-plant specified groove shapes and groove widths are therefore
possible.
If the circlip i s t o be subjected t o alternate power transmission on both groove edges, the groove width m must as far as
possible, e.g. also by reducing the tolerance, be matched t o the circlip thickness. (For groove shapes, see figure 10 to
figure 13).
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Figure 10. Figure 11.
Figure 12. Figure 13.
9.3 Shape of groove base

A square shape i s the normal type of groove base (see figure 10). The radius r on the load side must not exceed 0.1 s.
Other successful shapes of groove are shown in figure 1 1 t o figure 13.In the case of a sharp-edged square groove, the
notch sensitivity of the material used produces a corresponding fatigue notch factor.
10 Fitting the circlip

Pliers in accordance with DIN 5254 shall be preferred for fitting the circlips.
When fitting, make absolutely sure that the circlips are not overspread, ¡.e. are not opened further than i s necessary for
fitting over the shaft. If necessary, pliers with opening restriction (set screw) shall be used. The safest protection against
overspreading i s fitting with the aid of cones (see figure 14).
Pressure sleeve
Cone
Circlip
Centering
Groove
Shaft
Figure 14. Fitting with cones
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DIN 471 Page 11
Standards referred to
DIN 267Part5 Bolts, screws, nuts and similar threaded and formed parts; technical conditions of delivery; testing
and acceptance
DIN 267Part9 Mechanical fasteners; technical conditions of delivery; components with electroplated coatings
DIN 988 Shim rings and supporting rings
DIN 5254 Pliers for circlips for shafts
DIN 17222 Cold rolled steel strips for springs; technical conditions of delivery
DIN 40080 Procedures and tables for sampling test using qualitative features (sampling by attributes)
DIN 50021 Corrosion tests; spray tests with different sodium chloride solutions
DIN 50 103 Part 1 Testing of metallic materials; Rockwell hardness testing, C, A, B, F methods
DIN 50 133 Part 1 Testing of metallic materials; Vickers hardness testing, test load range: 49 N t o 980 N ( 5 kp to
100 kp)
DIN 50 150 Testing of steel and cast steel; conversion table for Vickers hardness, Brinell hardness, Rockwell
hardness and tensile strength
DIN 50938 Burnishing of iron material; principles of methods, symbols, testing
DIN 50942 Phosphatizingof metals; procedural principles, symbols and test methods
Further standards
DIN 472 Circlips (retaining rings) for bores; normal type and heavy type
DIN 983 Circlips with lugs (retaining rings) for shafts
DIN 984 Circlips with lugs (retaining rings) for bores
DIN 5256 Pliers for circlips for bores
DIN 6799 Lock washers for shafts
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Earlier editions
DIN 471 : 12.41,11.42,01.52,01.54; DIN 471 and 472 Supplement 1: 01.45,03.54x; DIN 471 Part 1: 03.65; DIN 471
Part 2: 03.65; DIN 995: 01.70
Amendments
The following amendments have been made as compared with DIN 471 Part 1, March 1965 edition, DIN 471 Part 2,
March 1965 edition and DIN 995, January 1970 edition:
a) standards combined
b) contents revised and extended (see Explanations).
Explanations
The present revised edition of DIN 471 supersedes DIN 471 Part 1 and Part 2 and parts of DIN 995 where these concern
circlips for shafts. This inclusion of several standards within one standard and supplemented by technical delivery con-
ditions and guidelines for fitting has produced a whole and complete standard which can be applied without the simul-
taneous application of additional standards. The following explanations are given with respect to this Standard.
Re Title
The term "(retaining rings)" has been added to the t i t l e of the standard. The old designation "circlips" has been retained,
although these components are used only for the axial retention of components on shafts and have no locking action.
The organizational problems associated with a general change in designation desirable for the sake of clarity were,
because of the wide distribution of these standards, also rated as more important than the danger of misunderstood
information on the part of the standards user due to an inappropriate title.
Re Clause 1 Concept
This clause was included in order to prevent possible errors in the application and function of the parts resulting from the
designation.
Re Clause 2 Dimension letters, symbols

Clause 2 lists and describes the dimension letters and symbols used in the standard.
Group at 303-397-2295.
Page 12 DIN 471
Re Clause 3 Dimensions, designation, design data

This clause contains the dimensions of the circlips of normal type and heavy type. Required design data have been added.
The dimensions of the circlips or their tolerances have been corrected slightly in a few cases without any danger thereby
of replacement difficulties.
Two types of circlip shape have been shown. The second type of circlip shape included as an additional option has been
used for some years. I n certain fields it has manufacturing advantages. The application and function of the circlips do not
differ from the type previously represented in this standard (lefthand illustration).
Toleranced dimensions for the shape and position of the shaft groove have been included a t the request of the userS.These
specifications apply t o the general application of circlips. Other internal specifications may be used for individual cases.
I n the main, this applies also to the'groove surfaces for which no generally valid regulations were able t o be given in this
standard.
The possibility of reducing the number of types of circlips, also possibly by means of main and subsidiary series for the
shaft diameters, has been thoroughly examined. But no technically feasible solution was able to be found, since practically
all sizes with varying datum points are in use as a result of the already mentioned wide range of application. It was also
not possible to offer a selection according to rolling bearing diameters.
Re Clause 4 Material
Details of the material have been modified. Three materials have been selected as the most usual from DIN 17 222. Other
materials must be agreed by the parties concerned.
Re Clause 5 Finish
Details of the finish have been extended and adapted to present conditions. With electroplated circlips, the danger of
hydrogen embrittlement is relatively great and requires special attention within the meaning of DIN 267 Part 9.Particular
reference hastherefore been made t o DIN 267 Part9. Accordingto this standard, the situation i s approximately asfollows:
I n order t o avoid hydrogen-induced delayed brittle fractures in the electroplated surface protection of circlips, the
galvanic treatment and heat treatment before and after electroplating must be selected so that only a small amount of
hydrogen i s taken up in the pickling and galvanic treatment and this hydrogen is furthermore driven off again to a large
extent.
Normally, delayed brittle fractures can be avoided by these measures. If brittle fractures must be avoided with specific,
statistical certainty, the taking of appropriate quantities of random samples i s recommended followed by fatigue testing
of these samples over 48 hours at room temperature; the circlips must thereby be loaded up to the shaft diameter dl .
Re Clause 6 Testing
Clause 6 covering the testing of circlips is new t o the standard. It specifies tests which are required for the assessment of
the mechanical and functional properties of circlips. The contents of this clause results from the experience of manu-
facturers and users and correspond t o the general applications for circlips.
This also applies to the details of acceptance testing given in subclause 6.5. These details are based on DIN 267 Part 5.
Special agreements are not thereby excluded.
Re Clause 7 Load-bearing capacity

Clause 7 containsdetails of the calculation of the load-bearingcapacities of circlips and indicates how the extended data
given in tables 1 and 2 have arisen. These data refer only to normal applications but clause 7 gives the priciples for
calculating the load-bearingcapacities also for other applications.
Re Clause 8 Detachment speed

Clause 8 is supplementary t o clause 7 and explains the detachment speeds in tables 1 and 2.
Re Clause 9 Shape of groove

Various possibilities are presented in clause 9 for the shape of the grooves for circlips and these are also applicable from
an economic standpoint. Decisions on appropriate shapes must be made on an individual basis.
Re Clause 10 Fitting the circlip

Clause 10 recommends the use of cones for fitting circlips. This type of fitting i s of particular advantage in bulk manu-
facturing.
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UDC 621.887.6 :621.824 :001.4 :003.62 :620.

1 DEUTSCHE NORM September 1981

2 Dimension letters, symbols

Copyright Deutsches Institut

3 Dimensions, designation, design data

Table 1. Normal type

Shaft Clip Groove Supplementary data 4)

I For I ) , 2). 3) and 4) see page 3

Table 2. Heavy type

9 13.51 71,6 I 96.5 I

Note: d 4 calculated from: d 4 = dl + 2.1 a

- 470 t o 580 Vickers hardness

435 t o 530 Vickers hardness

200 I 300 I 390 t o 470 Vickers hardness

Hardness values converted in accordance with DIN 50 150

Other materials on agreement

Type of anti-corrosion treatment Corrosion resistance

Phosphatized and oiled

Burnished and oiled Protection value

6.2 Bend and fracture test

Figure 4. Bend test

6.3 Testing the deformation

Figure 5. Testing the conical deformation

Nominal diameter Force F in N f 5 %

6-32 Testing t h e spiral flatness

Figure 6. Testing the spiral flatness

6.4 Testing the function (permanent set and grip test)

6.5 Acceptance testing

Acceptable quality level AQL 1)

for testing of features for testing for faulty parts

1) See DIN 40080

7.1 Load-bearing capacity of groove FN

7.2 Load-bearingcapacity of circlip F R

Figure 7. Sharp-edged abutment Figure 8. Abutment with edge chamfering distance

Figure 9. Sharp-edged abutment a t the circlip using a supporting ring

9.2 Groove width m

Figure 10. Figure 11.

Figure 12. Figure 13.

9.3 Shape of groove base

10 Fitting the circlip

Figure 14. Fitting with cones

Re Clause 2 Dimension letters, symbols

Re Clause 3 Dimensions, designation, design data

Re Clause 7 Load-bearing capacity

Re Clause 8 Detachment speed

Re Clause 9 Shape of groove

Re Clause 10 Fitting the circlip

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