A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF JIO AND AIRTEL

TELECOMM IN KASHMIR
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE

DEGREE OF BACHELOR IN BUSINESS

ADMINISTRATION

[ABDUL AHAD AZAD MEMORIAL DEGREE

COLLEGE BEMINA, CLUSTER UNIVERSITY
SRINAGAR]

SUBMITTED BY:
Name: Mir Zakir Hussain
Class/Exam Enrollment No: 18050046/1809032
Name: Waseem Ahmed
Class/Exam Enrollment No: 18050028/1809011
Name: Shahid Hussain
Class/Exam Enrollment No: 18050017/1809044
Name: Younus Ahmed Tantray
Class/Exam Enrollment No: 18050047/1809030

SUBMITTED TO:
Name: Mr. Wasi Un Nabi
Designation: Professor
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful.

All praises to Allah and His blessing for the completion of this project. We thank
God for all the opportunities, trials and strength that have been showered on me
to finish this project. We experienced so much during this process, not only from
the academic aspect but also from the aspect of personality. My humblest
gratitude to the holy Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) whose way of life
has been a continuous guidance for me.

First and foremost, we would like to sincerely thanks to or project guide Prof. Dr.
Mudasir Raja for his guidance, understanding, patience and most importantly, he
has provided positive encouragement and a warm spirit to finish this project. It has
been a great pleasure and honour to have him as our project guide . We would like
thank to all of the faculty members of all the respective departments for their
intimate cooperation throughout the period of project completion.

Signature of Students

Zakir (46-BBA)

Waseem (28-BBA)

Shahid (17-BBA)

Younus (47-BBA)

1
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

India is currently the world’s second largest telecommunications market and

has registered strong growth in the past decade and half. The report is about
the ultimate war going on in the current market period between two leading
brands Airtel vs. Jio. This report also tells us about the market share of Airtel
and Jio in assigned area (Kashmir city). It also include the about the
understanding of the consumer behaviour regarding the Airtel and Jio and how
much the retailers and customers prefer either of the company products.

This research report has been prepared to satisfy dual purpose. The market
survey done will at us know the consumer habits, buying criteria, aspiration
rate, time period, frequency rate, effect of advertising and sales promotion and
secondary data will give us an insight about past trends.

It’s the fact that study of any subject is made by examining it in an organized
fashion. There are three classes of variables involved in understanding
consumer behaviour; STIMULUS, RESPONSE, AND INTERVENING variables.

 Stimulus variables, such as advertisements, products exist in both the

individual’s external environment. These generate a sensory input to
consumers.

 Response variables are the resulting mental or physical reactions of

individuals who are influenced by stimulus variables.

For example: purchasing a product or forming attitudes about it could be

viewed as response variables. Many of the variables affecting consumers
such as personality, learning, and perceptions are external situations,
motives, and so forth cannot be directly observed.

A questionnaire was prepared by us in order to conduct market survey. The

questionnaire was based on different parameters to judge and understand
consumer response towards Airtel and Jio and determine their preferred
company.
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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS PAGE
NO.
Acknowledgement
Executive summary
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Telecommunication in India
1.2 Market size
1.3 Investment/ Major developments
1.4 Achievements
1.5 Road Ahead
1.6 Network Type
1.7 List of mobile operators of India
1.8 Companies profiles
1.8.1 Jio 4G
1.8.2 Airtel 4G

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2.1 Research design
2.2 Research Area
2.3 Sampling Size
2.4 Sampling Techniques
2.5 Data collection
2.6 Tools and Techniques
2.7 Sample Unit
2.8 Research design
2.9 Research Area
3 ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION
4
5
6

3
 Introduction
1.1 TELECOMMUNICATION IN INDIA:
Currently, India is the world’s second-largest telecommunications market with
a subscriber base of 1.16 billion and has registered strong growth in the last
decade. The Indian mobile economy is growing rapidly and will contribute
substantially to India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) according to a report
prepared by GSM Association (GSMA) in collaboration with Boston Consulting
Group (BCG). In 2019, India surpassed the US to become the second largest
market in terms of number of app downloads.

The liberal and reformist policies of the Government of India have been
instrumental along with strong consumer demand in the rapid growth in the
Indian telecom sector. The Government has enabled easy market access to
telecom equipment and a fair and proactive regulatory framework , that has
ensured availability of telecom services to consumer at affordable prices. The
deregulation of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) norms have made the sector
one of the fastest growing and the top five employment opportunity generator
in the country.

1.2 Market Size

India ranks as the world’s second largest market in terms of total internet
users. The number of internet subscribers in the country increased at a CAGR
of 21.36% from FY16 to FY20 to reach 743.19 million in FY20. Total wireless
data usage in India grew 11.01% quarterly to reach 25,369,679 TB in Q1FY21.

India is also the world’s second-largest telecommunications market. The total

subscriber base in the country stood at 1,168.66 million with a tele-density of
86.22%, as of September 30, 2020.

Gross revenue of the telecom sector stood at Rs. 66,858 crore (US$ 9.09
billion) in the first quarter of FY21.

Over the next five years, rise in mobile-phone penetration and decline in data
costs will add 500 million new internet users in India, creating opportunities for
new businesses. 4
1.3 Investment/Major Development

With daily increasing subscriber base, there have been a lot of investment and
development in the sector. FDI inflow into the telecom sector during April
2000 – September 2020 totalled US$ 37.27 billion according to the data
released by Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).

Some of the developments in the recent past are:

 In December 2020, BSNL, in partnership with Skylotech India, announced

a breakthrough in satellite-based NB-IoT (Narrowband-Internet of
Things) for fishermen, farmers, construction, mining and logistics
enterprises.
 In the first quarter of FY21, customer spending on telecom services
increased 16.6% y-o-y, with over three-fourths spent on data services.
This spike in consumer spending came despite of the COVID-19
disruption and lack of access of offline recharges for a few weeks.
 On November 24, 2020, Google paid Rs. 33,737 (US$ 4.5 billion) for a
7.73% stake in Reliance Industries Ltd.’s (RIL) digital subsidiary—Jio
Platforms Ltd.
 In September 2020, Reliance Jio partnered with 22 foreign airlines for
inflight internet connectivity with plans starting at Rs. 499 (US$ 6.76) per
day.
 In September 2020, Airtel and Radware partnered to offer cloud security
services to businesses in India.
 Airtel launched a new ad campaign, ‘Sab Kuch Try Karo, Fir Sahi Chuno’,
and rolled out a new campaign 'Open to Questions', highlighting its aim
to resolve every single customer query, learn quickly from failures and
ensure these are not repeated.
 India had over 500 million active internet users (accessed Internet in the
last one month) as of May 2020.
 In June 2020, Jio Platforms Ltd. sold 22.38% stake worth Rs 1.04 trillion
(US$ 14.75 billion) to ten global investors in a span of eight weeks under
separate deals, involving Facebook, Silver Lake, Vista, General Atlantic,
Mubadala, Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA), TPG Capital and
L. Catterton. This is the largest continuous fundraise by any company in the
world.

5
1.4 Achievements

Following are the achievements of the Government in the past four years:

 Department of Telecommunication launched ‘Tarang Sanchar’ - a web

portal sharing information on mobile towers and EMF Emission
Compliances.
 Payments on unified payments interface (UPI) hit an all-time high of 2.2
billion in terms of volume with transactions worth ~Rs. 3.90 lakh crore
(US$ 53.14 billion) in November 2020.
 Over 75% increase in internet coverage from 251 million users to 446
million.

1.5 Road Ahead

Revenue from the telecom equipment sector is expected to grow to US$ 26.38
billion by 2021. The number of internet subscribers in the country is expected
to double by 2021 to 829 million and overall IP traffic is expected to grow four-
fold at a CAGR of 30% by 2021. The Indian Government is planning to develop
100 smart city projects, and IoT will play a vital role in developing these cities.
The National Digital Communications Policy 2018 envisaged attracting
investment worth US$ 100 billion in the telecommunications sector by 2022.
App downloads in India is expected to increase to 18.11 billion in 2018F and
37.21 billion in 2022F.

1.6 NETWORK TYPE

2G

2G (or 2-G) is short for second-generation wireless telephone technology.

Second-generation 2G cellular telecom networks were commercially launched
on the GSM standard in Finland by Radiolinja (now part of Elisa Oyj) in 1991.

7
 Three primary benefits of 2G

2G network over their predecessors were that phone conversations were

digitally encrypted;

2G systems were significantly more efficient on the spectrum allowing for far
greater mobile phone penetration levels; and

2G introduced data services for mobile, starting with SMS text messages.

2G technologies enabled the various mobile phone networks to provide the

services such as text messages, picture messages, and MMS (multimedia
messages). All text messages sent over 2G are digitally encrypted, allowing for
the transfer of data in such a way that only the intended receiver can receive
and read it.

After 2G was launched, the previous mobile telephone systems were

retroactively dubbed 1G. While radio signals on 1G networks are analog, radio
signals on 2G networks are digital. Both systems use digital signaling to
connect the radio towers (which listen to the handsets) to the rest of the
telephone system.

2G has been superseded by newer technologies such as 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G, and
4G; however, 2G networks are still used in most parts of the world.

Advantages of 2G technology in India

 There are several advantages of the 2G technology in India

 The lower power emissions are much safer for daily usage

 2G technology makes use of digital multiplexing which actually

enhances the capacity of the bandwidth to accommodate more calls.

 2G handsets also have error checking features which is done with

the help of digital voice encoding.

 The battery life of a 2G enabled handset is longer due to lower

powered radio signals.

 2G enabled handsets offer improved sound quality

8
 After the launch of 2G technology in India digital data services,
such as SMS and email came into existence.

 Introduction of 2G reduced the chances of fraud.

 2G phones are said to give far more privacy than their

predecessors. The 1G phone have no protection against eavesdropping due to
the use of security algorithms which are not as powerful as the radio scanners
used in 2G phones.

3G

3G, short for third generation, is the third generation of wireless mobile
telecommunications technology. This is based on a set of standards used for
mobile devices and mobile telecommunications use services and networks that
comply with the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000)
specifications by the International Telecommunication Union. 3G finds
application in wireless voice telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless
Internet access, video calls and mobile TV.

3G telecommunication networks support services that provide an information

transfer rate of at least 200 k bit/s. Later 3G releases, often denoted 3.5G and
3.75G, also provide mobile broadband access of several Mbit/s to smartphones
and mobile modems in laptop computers. This ensures it can be applied to
wireless voice telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet
access, video calls and mobile TV technologies.

A new generation of cellular standards has appeared approximately every

tenth year since 1G systems were introduced in 1981/1982. Each generation is
characterized by new frequency bands, higher data rates and non–backward-
compatible transmission technology. The first 3G networks were introduced in
1998 and fourth generation 4G networks in 2008. . In India 3 is launch in 11
December 2008.

Advantages of 3G:

 Overcrowding is relieved in existing systems with radio spectrum

 Bandwidth, security and reliability are more
 Provides interoperability among service providers
 Availability of fixed and variable rates
 9

 Support to devices with backward compatibility with existing networks

 Always online devices – 3G uses IP connectivity which is packet based
 Rich multimedia services are available

4G

4G is the fourth generation of wireless mobile telecommunications technology,

succeeding 3G. A 4G system must provide capabilities defined by ITU in IMT
Advanced. Potential and current applications include amended mobile web
access, IP telephony, gaming services, high-definition mobile TV, video
conferencing, and 3D television. The first-release Long Term Evolution (LTE)
standard (a 4G candidate system) has been commercially deployed in Oslo,
Norway, and Stockholm, Sweden since 2009. It has, however, been debated
whether first-release versions should be considered 4G, as discussed in the
technical understanding section below.

Advantages:

 It speedily downloads the files over wireless network system or form.

 Particularly elevated voice excellence.
 It can simply reach Internet, Instant Messaging (IM), common networks,
video calling, and many more things.
 It has advanced.
 It continues connected to the Internet devoid of any disturbance.
 It has simpler approach to the services & consumption.

1.7 List of mobile operators of India

List of company Ownership

1. Airtel India Bharti Enterprises (64%) SingTel (36%)

2. Vodafone India Vodafone group

3. Idea Cellular Aditya Birla Group (49.05%) Axiata Group

Berhad (19.96%) Providence Equity (10.6%)

 10

4. JIO Reliance Industries

7
5. BSNL Mobile State-owned

7. RCOM Reliance ADAG

8. Tata Docomo Tata Teleservices (74%)

NTT DoCoMo (26%)

9. Telenor India Telenor Group

10. MTS India Sistema (56.68%),Shyam Group (23.98)

Government of Russia (17.14%)

11. MTNL State-owned

This research is conducted on the basis of growing competition in mobile

sector. This research is conducted to analyze who is better and why?

The telecommunication is the biggest factor in influencing the speed of life

in the modern age. Today we can get connection with any corner of world
through the push button of computer; with the small mobile phone we can
send not only the messages but also a secret document. As we know that
there is a positive view behind any mention that it should be helpful in the
development of society. But humans have diverted mentality some of them
of positive view and some of them of negative view. Where use any
invention for the welfare of society but some uses for the satisfaction their
distributed mentality and to earn more and more money whether it may be
harmful for the society. They infringe the norms of society and their
behaviour is condemned as antisocial, immoral and sinful.

CELLULAR MOBILE SERVICES

Cellular is one of the fastest growing and most demanding telecommunications

applications. Today, it represents a continuously increasing percentage of all
new telephone subscriptions around the world. Currently there are more than
8 billion subscribers in worldwide . It is forecasted that cellular systems using a
digital technology will become the universal method of telecommunications.

11

5G subscriptions are forecast to increase world from 2021 t0 2025. The

number of 5G mobile subscriptions worldwide is forecast to exceed 2.7 billion
by 2025.

1.8 COMPANY PROFILE

1.8.1 JIO:

EVOLUTION AND INTRODUCTION

Reliance Jio Infocomm Limited, doing business as  Jio is

Indian telecommunications company and a subsidiary of Jio platforms,
headquartered in Mumbai, India. It operates a national LTE network with
coverage across all 22 telecom circles. It does not offer 2G or 3G service, and
instead uses only voice over LTE to provide voice service on its 4G network.

Jio soft launched on 27 December 2015 with a beta for partners and
employees and became publicly available on 5 September 2016. It is
the largest mobile network operator in India and the third largest mobile
network operator in the world with over 41.08 crore  (410.8 million)
subscribers.

History:
The company was registered in Ambawadi, Ahmedabad, Gujarat on 15
February 2007 as Infotel Broadband Services Limited (IBSL). In June
2010, Reliance Industries (RIL) bought a 95% stake in IBSL for ₹4,800
crore (US$670 million). Although unlisted, IBSL was the only company that won
broadband spectrum in all 22 circles in India in the 4G auction that took place
earlier that year. Later continuing as RIL's telecom subsidiary, Infotel
Broadband Services Limited was renamed as Reliance Jio Infocomm Limited
(RJIL) in January 2013.
In June 2015, Jio announced that it would start its operations throughout the
country by the end of 2015. However, four months later in October, the
company postponed the launch to the first quarter of the financial year 2016–
2017. 12

The 4G services were launched internally on 27 December 2015.The company

commercially launched its 4G services on 5 September 2016,offering free data
and voice services till 31 December, which was later extended till 31 March
2017. Within the first month, Jio announced that it had acquired 1.6 crore (16
million) subscribers. Jio crossed 5 crore (50 million) subscriber mark in 83 days
since its launch, subsequently crossing 100 million subscribers on 22 February
2017.By October 2017 it had about 13 crore (130 million) subscribers.

COMPANY PROFILE

TYPE Subsidiary of RIL

INDUSTRY Wireless Telecommunications

FOUNDED Infotel Broadband Services Ltd.(2009-13)

Reliance Jio Infocomm Ltd. (2013-15)

HEADQUARTERS Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

KEY PEOPLE Sanjay Mashruwala (MD)

Jyotindra Thacker (Head of IT)
Akash Ambani (Chief of Strategy)

PRODUCTS Mobile telephony, Wireless Broadband, LYF

OWNER Mukesh Ambani

PARENT Reliance Industries

CUSTOMERS 400+ million

WEBSITE www.jio.com

13

RELIANCE JIO VISION, MISSION AND VALUES

MISSION:
To provide the best and most value-adding advice within investor relations,
financial communications, media relations, crisis communications, issues
management and CSR reporting

To be an independent sparring-partner and to provide excellent advice for our

clients in connection with IPOs, ECM and M&A transactions, corporate
governance-related issues as well as in connection with preparations of
contingency communications plans regarding public takeovers

VISION:
Reliance’s vision for India is that broadband and digital services will no longer
be a luxury item. Rather, Reliance envisions an India where these are basic
necessities to be consumed in abundance by consumers and small businesses
alike, as much in far-flung villages as in our largest cities. The initiatives are
truly aligned with the Government of India's ‘Digital India’ vision for our nation.

VALUES:
We are governed by our fundamental values:

Quality: We do not compromise – we have a passion for the best quality

Innovation: We are innovative and wish to enthuse our clients

Ambition: We set high objectives and push to achieve the best results
Honesty: We are honest towards our clients, also when it may be unpleasant

Integrity: We keep our word, guard confidentiality, and maintain a high level of
integrity.

14

PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

 RELIANCE JIO BROADBAND

The company launched its 4G broadband services throughout India on

September 2016. It was slated to release in December 2015 after some
reports said that the company was waiting to receive final permits from
the government. Mukesh Ambani, owner of Reliance Industries Limited
(RIL) whose Reliance Jio is the telecom subsidiary, had unveiled details of
Jio's fourth-generation (4G) services on 12 June 2015 at RIL's 41st annual
general meeting. It offers data and voice services with peripheral
services like instant messaging, live TV, movies on demand, news,
streaming music, and a digital payments platform. The company has a
network of more than 250,000 km of fiber optic cables in the country,
over which it will be partnering with local cable operators to get broader
connectivity for its broadband services. With its multi-service operator
(MSO) license, Jio will also serve as a TV channel distributor and will
offer television-on-demand on its network.

 LYF SMARTPHONES
In June 2015, Jio tied up with domestic handset maker Intex to supply 4G
handsets enabled with voice over LTE (VOLTE) feature. Through this, it plans to
offer 4G voice calling besides rolling out high-speed Internet services using a
fiber network, in addition to the 4G wireless network. However, in October
2015, Jio announced that it would be launching its own mobile handset brand
named LYF. On 25 January 2016, the company launched its LYF
smartphone series starting with Water 1, through its chain of electronic retail
outlets, Reliance Retail. Three more handset models have been released so far,
namely Water 2, Earth 1, and Flame 1.

15

 JIONET Wi-Fi
Prior to its pan-India launch of 4G data and telephony services, Jio has
started providing free Wi-Fi hotspot services in cities throughout India
including Surat, Ahmedabad in Gujarat, and Visakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh,
Indore, Jabalpur, Dewas and Ujjain in Madhya Pradesh, select locations
of Mumbai in Maharashtra, Kolkata in West Bengal,] Lucknow in Uttar
Pradesh, Bhubaneswar in Odisha, Missouri in Uttarakhand, Collectorate's
Office in Meerut, and at MG Road in Vijayawada among others.

In March 2016, Jio started providing free Wi-Fi internet to spectators at six

cricket stadiums hosting the 2016 ICC World Twenty20 matches. Jionet was
made available in Wankhede Stadium(Mumbai), Punjab Cricket Association IS
Bindra Stadium (Mohali), Himachal Pradesh Cricket Association
Stadium  (Dharamshala), Chinnaswamy Stadium (Bengaluru), Feroz Shah Kotla
(Delhi), and Eden Gardens(Kolkata) in India.
 16

 JIO APPS

In May 2016, Jio launched a bundle of multimedia apps on Google Play as part
of its upcoming 4G services. While the apps are available to download for
everyone, a user will require a Jio SIM card to use them. Following is a list of
the apps:

 My Jio - Manage Jio Account and Digital Services associated with it 
 Jio TV - A live TV channel service
 Jio Cinema - An online HD video library
 Jio Chat Messenger - An instant messaging app
 Jio Music - A music player
 Jio 4G Voice (earlier JioJoin) - A VoLTE phone simulator
 Jio Mags - E-reader for magazines
 Jio Xpress News - A news and magazine aggregator
 Jio Security - Security app
 Jio Drive - Cloud-based backup tool
 Jio Money Wallet - An online payments/wallet app
 Jio Switch - Transfer content
 Jiofi -Wireless router
 17

 JIO PHONE
Jio phone is a line of feature phones marketed by jio. The first model,
released in august 2017 (with public pre-orders beginning 24 august
2017), was positioned as an "affordable" lte-compatible feature phone.
In july 2018, the company unveiled the jio phone 2, an updated model in
a keyboard bar form factor with a qwerty keyboard and horizontal
display. Jio also announced that facebook, whatsapp, and youtube apps
would become available for the two phones.
Achievements by JIO Digital Life since its birth

 It gained a huge amount of customers in no time, I don't know the exact

figures but according to me another reports Indian almost 50 million
users in less than 1 month it was just like ants attracted to do sugar
cubes.
 It made customer make better choices of their plans give the customers
a new mobile network to the Monopoly of others.
 Jio made customers to rely on his free net for a handsome amount of
time and then the jio started to charge them so most of the customers
would certainly buy from jio only rather than from going somewhere
else.

18

 Jio created a monopoly in the market by giving a tough competition to

other companies as well as creating a strong entry barriers that no
company can ever break into leading to shutdown of 18 mobile network
companies out of 21.

 The average of 7 customers per second on daily basis.

 Over 200 Crore minutes of voice calls and video call have been made.
 More than 100 Crores of internet Data has been used by the customers.
This makes India, the No.1 internet usage country.
 5 Crore hours of video have been watched through JIO network.
 Over 10 Lakhs retail partnership was introduced all across India.
India was at 150th position in the world in the usage of internet data and
telecom service. After JIO, thanks to its Free Data plan, India now ranks 1 st in
the world for using telecom services.
 19

1.8.2Airtel

Introduction and Evolution:

Bharti Airtel Limited is an Indian global telecommunications services company
based in New Delhi, India. It operates in 18 countries across South Asia
and Africa. Airtel provides GSM, 3G and 4G LTE mobile services, fixed line
broadband and voice services depending upon the country of operation. It is
the largest mobile network operator in India and the third largest in the world
with 400 million subscribers. Airtel was named India's second most valuable
brand in the first ever Brandz ranking by Millward Brown and WPP plc.

Airtel is credited with pioneering the business strategy of outsourcing all of its

business operations except marketing, sales and finance and building the
'minutes factory' model of low cost and high volumes. The strategy has since
been adopted by several operators. Airtel's equipment is provided and
maintained by Ericsson and Nokia Solutions and Networks whereas IT support
is provided by IBM. The transmission towers are maintained by subsidiaries
and joint venture companies of Bharti including Bharti Infratel and Indus
Towers in India. Ericsson agreed for the first time to be paid by the minute for
installation and maintenance of their equipment rather than being paid up
front, which allowed Airtel to provide low call rates of ₹1 (1.5¢ US)/minute.

History
In 1984 Sunil Mittal started assembling push-button phones in India, which he
earlier used to import from a Taiwan company, Kingtel, replacing the old
fashioned, bulky rotary phones that were in use in the country then. Bharti
Telecom Limited (BTL) was incorporated and entered into a technical tie up
with Siemens AG of Germany for manufacture of electronic push button
phones. By the early 1990s, Bharti was making fax machines, cordless phones
and other telecom gear.[14] He named his first push-button phones as
'Mitbau'.
In 1992, he successfully bid for one of the four mobile phone network licences
20

auctioned in India. One of the conditions for the Delhi cellular license was
thathe bidder have some experience as a telecom operator. So, Mittal clinched
a deal with the French telecom group Vivendi.
He was one of the first Indian entrepreneurs to identify the mobile telecom
business as a major growth area. His plans were finally approved by the
Government in 1994 and he launched services in Delhi in 1995, when Bharti
Cellular Limited (BCL) was formed to offer cellular services under the brand
name Airtel. Within a few years Bharti became the first telecom company to
cross the 2-million mobile subscriber mark. Bharti also brought down the
STD/ISD cellular rates in India under brand name 'Indiaone'.
In 1999, Bharti Enterprises acquired control of JT Holdings, and extended
cellular operations to Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. In 2000, Bharti acquired
control of Skycell Communications, in Chennai. In 2001, the company acquired
control of Spice Cell in Calcutta. Bharti Enterprises went public in 2002, and the
company was listed on Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange
of India. In 2003, the cellular phone operations were re-branded under the
single Airtel brand. In 2004, Bharti acquired control of Hexacom and entered
Rajasthan. In 2005, Bharti extended its network to Andaman and Nicobar. This
expansion allowed it to offer voice services all across India.
Airtel launched "Hello Tunes", a Caller ring back tone service (CRBT), in July
2004 becoming to the first operator in India to do so. The Airtel theme song,
composed by A.R. Rahman, was the most popular tune on that year.
In May 2008, it emerged that Airtel was exploring the possibility of buying the
MTN Group, a South Africa-based telecommunications company with coverage
in 21 countries in Africa and the Middle East. The Financial Times reported that
Bharti was considering offering US$45 billion for a 100% stake in MTN, which
would be the largest overseas acquisition ever by an Indian firm. However,
both sides emphasis the tentative nature of the talks, while The Economist
 magazine noted, "If anything, Bharti would be marrying up," as MTN has more
subscribers, higher revenues and broader geographic coverage.
However, the talks fell apart as MTN Group tried to reverse the negotiations by
making Bharti almost a subsidiary of the new company. In May 2009, Bharti
Airtel again confirmed that it was in talks with MTN and the companies agreed
to discuss the potential transaction exclusively by 31 July 2009. Talks
eventually ended without agreement, some sources stating that this was due
to opposition from the South African government.
In 2009, Bharti negotiated for its strategic partner Alcatel-Lucent to manage
the network infrastructure for the fixed line business. Later, Bharti Airtel
awarded the three-year contract to Alcatel-Lucent for setting up an Internet
21

Protocol access network across the country. This would help consumers access
internet at faster speed and high quality internet browsing on mobile
handsets.
In 2009, Airtel launched its first international mobile network in Sri Lanka. In
June 2010, Bharti acquired the African business of Zain Telecom for $10.7
billion making it the largest ever acquisition by an Indian telecom firm. In 2012,
Bharti tied up with Wal-Mart, the US retail giant, to start a number of retail
stores across India. In 2014, Bharti planned to acquire Loop Mobile for ₹7
billion (US$100 million), but the deal was called off later.
Bharti Airtel Limited ("Airtel"), the world's third largest mobile operator with
operations in 20 countries across Asia and Africa, today said that its Treasury
division has been adjudged as a highly commended winner of the Top Treasury
Team (Asia) Awards at the Adam Smith Asia Awards 2015.

Type Public

Industry Telecommunications

Founded 7 July 1995

Founder Sunil Bharti Mittal

Headquarters Bharti Crescent, 1, Nelson Mandela Road, New Delhi, India

Area served India

Key people Sunil Bharti Mittal (Chairman and MD)

Products Fixed line and mobile telephony, broadband and fixed-line internet
services, digital television and IPTV

Members 403 million

Parent Bharti Airtel

Website www.airtel.in

22

AIRTEL’s MISSION, VISION AND VALUES (The Way Ahead)

MISSION:-
Hunger to win customers for life

VISIONS:-
Our vision is to enrich the lives of our customers. Our obsession is
to win customers for life through an exceptional experience.

VALUES:-
We aim to work towards our vision, driven by our values of AIR-
Alive, Inclusive & Respectful.

INCLUSIVE RESPECTFUL
ALIVE Airtel is for everyone- we We live the samelives as our
We are alive to the needs of our champion diversity, customers, sharing the same
customers. We act with passion, recognising the breadth and joys and the same pains. We
energy and can-do attitude. depth of thr communities we never forget that they are why
serve. we exist.

Mobile services
3G

On 18 May 2010, the 3G spectrum auction was completed and Airtel paid the Government
of India ₹122.95 billion (US$1.8 billion) for spectrum in 13 circles, the most amount spent by
an operator in that auction. Airtel won 3G licences in 13 telecom circles of India: Delhi,
Mumbai, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh (West), Rajasthan, West
Bengal, Himachal Pradesh, Bihar, Assam, North East, and Jammu & Kashmir. Airtel also
operates 3G services in Maharashtra & Goa and Kolkata circles through an agreement with
Vodafone and in Gujarat and Punjab through an agreement with Idea. Thus gives Airtel a 3G

23

presence in all 22 out of 22 circles in India. Airtel is fined by DoT 3.50 billion for not
stopping offering 3G Services through Roaming Pacts outside its Licensed Zones in Seven
Circles.

On 20 September 2010, Bharti Airtel said that it had given contracts to Ericsson India, Nokia
Siemens Networks (NSN) and Huawei Technologies to set up infrastructure for providing 3G
services in the country. These vendors would plan, design, deploy and maintain 3G–HSPA
(third-generation, high-speed packet access) networks in 13 telecom circles where the
company had won 3G licences. While Airtel awarded network contracts for seven 3G circles
to Ericsson India, NSN would manage networks in three circles. Chinese telecom equipment
vendor Huawei Technologies was introduced as the third partner for three circles.

Airtel launched 3G services in Bangalore on 24 January 2011. On 27 January 2011, Airtel

launched 3G in Chennai and Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu. On 27 July 2011, 3G services were
launched in Kerala's 3 largest cities – Kochi, Kozhikode and Thiruvananthapuram.

Airtel 3G services are available in 200 cities through its network and in 500 cities through
intra-circle roaming arrangements with other operators. Airtel had about 5.4 million 3G
customers of which 4 million are 3G data customers as of September 2012. Airtel has 3G
licence in all 22 circles.

4G

On 19 May 2010, the broadband wireless access (BWA) or 4G spectrum auction in India
ended. Airtel paid ₹33.1436 billion (US$490 million) for spectrum in 4 circles: Maharashtra
and Goa, Karnataka, Punjab and Kolkata The company was allocated 20 MHz of BWA
spectrum in 2.3 GHz frequency band. Airtel's TD-LTE network is built and operated by ZTE in
Kolkata and Punjab, Huawei in Karnataka, and Nokia Siemens Networks in Maharashtra and
Goa. On 10 April 2012, Airtel launched 4G services through dongles and modems using TD-
LTE technology in Kolkata, becoming the first company in India to offer 4G services.

The Kolkata launch was followed by launches in Bangalore (7 May 2012), Pune (18 October
2012), and Chandigarh, Mohali and Panchkula (25 March 2013). Airtel obtained 4G licences
and spectrum in the telecom circles of Delhi, Haryana, Kerala and Mumbai after acquiring
Wireless Business Services Private Limited, a joint venture founded by Qualcomm, which
had won BWA spectrum in those circles in the 4G spectrum auction. Airtel launched 4G
services on mobile from February 2014. The first city to get the service was Bangalore. Airtel
has started their 4G services in Karnal and Yamunanagar in Haryana on 16 June 2015.[25]
Airtel 4G trials has been started in Delhi from 18 June 2015. Airtel had 1, 20,000 4G
subscribers as of May 2014.

As of March 2016, Airtel provides 4G coverage in 350 cities in 15 circles. Airtel extended its
4G network to 15 km off India's coastline, following a request by the Indian Navy.

24

VoLTE

On 3 November 2016, The Economic Times reported that Airtel had awarded a ₹402 crore
(US$60 million) contract to Nokia to implement Voice over Long-Term Evolution (VoLTE)
technology on the operator's network nationwide. Airtel had previously awarded a smaller
contract to Nokia for trial of VoLTE technology in select circles in early 2016. Airtel
subscribers will be able to place VoLTE calls in areas covered by LTE. If LTE is not available in
the area, the call will fall back to 3G or 2G.

Products provided by Airtel

1.AirTel dongle
2.Airtel sim
3.Airtel DTH
4.Airtel land line
5.AirTel app
6.Airtel Wi-Fi Router

Achievements by Airtel
1. It is the second largest mobile network operator in India and the
second largest mobile network operator in the world with over 439.84
Million subscribers.

2. Airtel has rolled out it's VoLte technology across all Indian telecom
circles.

3. Airtel is first Indian telecom service provider to achieve Cisco Gold

Certification. It is probably only operator who has bagged all major
awards.
4. Bharti Airtel has entered in all parts of the country resulting into
national wide penetrate.

5. Bharti Airtel gets Euro Finance award.

25

CHAPTER-2
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
 26

2. Research Methodology
Research Methodology is away to systematically solve the research problems.
It involves adopting various methods and techniques which are best suited for
the research and study of the problem, for investigation and analysis of the
problem it starts with data collection from various sources i.e primary and
secondary source, data analysis and interpretation and finally the finding.
Research methodology comprise of two Research + Methodology.

We use a particular method of research in the context of our research study

and explain why we are using a particular method or technique and why we
are not using other so that research results are capable of being evaluated
either by the researcher himself or by others.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY CAN BE SUB HEADED BY:-

 Research design
 Research Area
 Sampling Size
 Sampling Techniques
 Data collection
 Tools and Techniques
 Sample Unit

2.1Research Design
The research design is a pattern or an outline of a research project. It is a
statement of only the essential of a study those provide the basic guidelines
for the detail of the project.

Research design stands for advance planning of method to be used in their

analysis, keeping in view the objective of the research and availability of staff,
time and money.
27

The preparation of the design of the research project, popularly known as

“Research Design” Decision regarding what, how much, what mean concerning
as inquiry or a research study constitute a research design.

As such a design includes an outline of what research will do from writing the
hypotheses and its operations implication of final analysis of data. Descriptive
and exploratory research design has been used in the study.

2.2Research Area
The present study will be done in Kashmir. To study the consumer preference
towards to brand Airtel 4G and JIO 4g in the research area.

2.3Sample Size:
It refers of the number of items to be selected from the universal to constitute
a sample. An optimal study is one, which fulfils the requirement of efficiency,
representative, reliability and flexibility. So our sample size for this study is
100.

2.4Sample Technique
Sampling procedure refers to the technique which is used in selecting the
items for the sample infect; this technique of procedure stands for the sample
design itself. The sampling procedure for the study is the convenient sampling.

2.5Data Collection:
 To achieve the objective of the study, the primary as well as secondary sources
of data collection done by two methods.

1) Primary data

Primary data is original research that is obtained through first-hand

investigation, while secondary data is research that is widely available and

28

obtained from another party. Primary data includes information collected from
interviews, experiments, surveys, questionnaires, focus groups and
measurements. Secondary data can be found in publications, journals and
newspapers

2) Secondary data

Secondary data is the data that have been already collected by and readily
available from other sources. Such data are cheaper and more quickly
obtainable than the primary data and also may be available when primary data
can’t be obtained at all.

2.6Tools Used For the Study

Percentage method:- it is used to draw the specific inference from collected
data that is fulfill the objective of my finding. The formula is:

P=Q/R/100

P=Percentage

Q=Number of respondent falling in a specific category to be measured

R=Total number of respondent.

2.7Sample Unit
The sample unit was customers.
 29

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objective of the study is to know the comparative measurement of

customer perception regarding the service of two major companies that are
doing their business in Kashmir region. These two companies are: Reliance Jio
and Airtel.

Along with this we tried to find out the perceptions of the customer of
different age groups and different professions which are using the services of
these companies permanently are given bellow:

 To know the customer perception, choice and preference regarding

various mobile services.

 Which mobile service most by customers?

 Comparative measurement of customer satisfaction level for various

mobile services available in Kashmir.

 To understand the main problems faced by customer while using mobile

services

 To know the features of mobile services which attract the customer

most?

 To know the level of customer loyalty regarding the service provider and
he is a switcher who switches over time to time due to various reasons.
 To understand the infrastructure of payment which is most used by the
customer?

30

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

 It would help us to know which one amongst Jio and Airtel is better
according to customer.

 Which company gives better services to customer?

 It would help us to know about how many customers are loyal to their
brands.

 It would help us to know about the reasons regarding non performance

USE AND IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY

 To study the psychology of customers in respect of their needs:

 Coverage area network

 Variety of plans

 Good signals

 New services provided by them

 Differentiation between Jio/Airtel in respect of customer’s perception,
which is better and why?

31

CHAPTER-3
DATA ANALYSIS
&
INTERPRETATION
32

33

35