Modern History 1857-1947

1. War of Independence 1857

2. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
3. Dar ul Uloom Deoband 1866
4. Urdu Hindi Controversy 1867
5. Nadwat ul Ulema 1892
6. Congress 1885
7. Partition of Bengal 1905
8. Simla Deputation 1906 22. Lahore Resolution
9. Formation of Muslim league 1906 23. Cripps Mission
10. Minto-Morley Reforms 1909 24. C-R Formula
11. Lucknow Pact 1916 25. Gandhi Jinnah Talk
12. Montague-Chelmsford Reforms-1919 26. Simla Conference
13. Khilafat Movement 27. Elections
14. Simon Commission 28. Cabinet mission
15. Nehru Report 1928 29. Delhi Muslim convention
16. 14 points of Quaid e azam 30. Interim Govt.
17. Aliabad address 31. 3rd June plan
18. Indian Act 1935
19. Congress Ministries
20. End of Congress RULE
 War of Independence 1857

• The War of independence

• Causes
1. Administrative
2. Social and Religious
3. Army
4. Economic
• Result
• Failure
• Causes of Failure
• Leadership
• Resources
• Education
• Strategy
• Conclusion
• Impact
 Sir Syed Ahmed Khan/ Aligarh Movement

• Background
• Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
• Western Education Social and
Educational S Religious Political S

1. Muradabad school (1859) 1. Muslim British

1. Khutbat e
Services of Sir Syed 2. Ghazipur school (1863) Compromise
Ahmedia 1869 2. Causes of Indian
1. Educational services 3. Scientific society (1863) 2. Tabaeen e kalam Revolt
4. M.A.O 3. Ahkam Taam e 3. Asbab Baghawat I
2. Religious services
School/College(1875/77) ahle kitab Hind
3. Social services 5. M.E Conference (1886) 4. Loyal Muhammad of
4. Tahzeeb ul Akhlaq
4. Political services India
5. Anjaman Urdu 5. Interpretation of
• Conclusion
Nasara
 Dar-ul-Uloom Deoband 1866

• Background
• Establishment
1. 14th April 1866
2. UP (Sahanpur)
3. Haji Muhammad Adid Hussain
4. 1867 Moulana Qasim Nanotawi
• Aims
1. Educational (Islamic)
2. Political (Aligarh)
• Moulana Asraf ali Thawnavi
• Moulana Shabeer ahmed Usmani
• Conclusion
Urdu Hindi Controversy 1867

• Background
• Urdu
• Mughal King Shahjahan
• Controversy
• Banaras
• Sanskrit
• Sir Syed
 Nadwat ul Ulema 1892

• Background
• Establishment
1. 1992
2. Kanpur
3. Madrassa Fizul aam
4. 1994
5. Moulana Muhammad Ali Mongari
• Aims
1. Political
2. Religious
3. Modern Arabic
4. Ethical Educational
5. Moulana Shabli Numani
6. Syed Sulamn Nadvi
7. Conclusion
Congress 1885

• Background
• Establishment
1. 1885
2. A.O.Hume
• Causes
1. Political
2. Indian Unity
3. Political rights
• Conclusion
Partition of Bengal 1905

• Background
• Partition
• East West Bengal
• Causes
• Area
• Population 8 million
• Reactions
• Muslims
• Hindus
• Congress
• Conclusion
Simla Deputation 1906

• Background
• Lord Minto 1905
• Deputation
• Demands
• Separate seats
• Courts, elections and assembly
• Universities
Formation of All India Muslim league 1906

• Background
• Congress
• Simla Deputation
• Establishment
• All India Muslim educational conference
• 30 Dec 1906 Dakha Conference
• Sir Agha khan III
• Nawab Viqar ul malik
• Nawab Mohsin ul malik
• Purpose
• British Muslim Unity
• Muslim Rights
• Good relations with other nations
• 1913 change
Minto-Morley Reforms 1909

• Background
• Simla Deputation
• Minto-Morley Reforms
• Separate election
• Increase powers of legislative council
• Indians in administrative councils
• Conclusion
Lucknow Pact 1916

• Background
• Quaid e Azam 1913 (Ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity)
• WWI
• Masjid and Mandir 1913 UP
Reforms
• Lucknow Pact
• Congress Muslim league Unity
• Self rule 1. Muslim seat
• Ghokaly 2. Provincial Autonomy
3. Hindu protection
• Duke Memorandum 4. 1/3 I.L.C
• Committee 19 people 5. Governor and Council half
• Calcutta Nov 1916 Indian
• Lucknow 1916
• Reforms
• Conclusion
• Role of Quaid e azam
Montague-Chelmsford Reforms-1919/Indian Govt Act 1919

• Background
• Proposals
1. Enlargement of Executive council (3 Indians)
2. Bi-cameral legislation
3. Council of state and legislative assembly
4. Distribution of power in center and provinces
5. Increase power of assembly Adjournment motion
6. Separate election
7. Appointment of a commission
• Dyarchy system
1. Reserved subjects (Governor)
2. Transfer subjects (Ministers )
• Division of provincial administration
• Failure
• Political turmoil
• Conclusion
 Khilafat Movement

• Background
1. WWI 1914-1918
• Turkey and Germany
• Allied powers
• Indians
• British •Hijrat Movement 1920
•Moplah Movement
• Khilafat conference 1918
•Civil Disobedience movement
• Khilafat committee •Chauri Chura Events 5 Feb
• Khilafat deputation 1922
• 19 Jan 1920 meeting with viceroy •Role of Congress
• Treaty of Sevres 14 May 1920 •Demolition of Khilafat
•Conclusion
• Non-Cooperation Movement 28 May 1920
1. Boycott of British Goods
2. Govt. Jobs
3. 3. Institutes school colleges
 Simon Commission 1928

• Background
• Indian Act 1919
• Commission
• 28 Feb 1928
• Sir John Simon
• All white
• 1930 report
• Dyarchy system
• Federal system
• New Indian Constitution
 Nehru Report 1928

• Background
1. New Indian Constitution
• All parties conference
• Nehru Report August 1928
• Quaid E Azam Stand
1. C.l.C 1/3 seats
2. Punjab and Bengal
3. Provincial Autonomy
• Hindus Rejected
 14 Points of Quid-E-Azam

• Nehru Report
• 14 points
1. Federal constitution
2. Equal Provincial Autonomy
3. Minorities Representation
4. C.L.C 1/3 representation
5. Separate representation for all minorities
6. Muslim majority protected
7. Minorities freedom
8. Bill 1/3-any minority
9. Sind Separate form Mumbai
10. KPK AND Baluchistan- Provinces
11. Govt Jobs
12. Constitutional protection for ideology
13. 1/3 representation in ministries-center and province
14. C.L.A PASS BILL- sub units
15. Conclusion
Allahabad Address 1930

• 14 points
• Allama Iqbal
• Address
1. Separate state
2. Muslim majority province
3. Punjab-Sind- Kpk- Bengal and Asam
• Dreamer of Pakistan
 Indian Act 1935

• Simon Commission
• Nehru report
• Round table conference
• 14 points
• 1935 Act
1. 1st April 1937
2. 14 parts 10 schedules
3. Federal system
4. Territorial changes
5. Sind province
6. Burma separated
7. Kpk province
8. Federal executive
9. Reserved subjects ( defense, foreign, religious)
10. Transferred subjects (law and order, minorities, rights)
11. Provincial autonomy
• Reactions (congress, Muslim league)
Congress Ministries 1937-1939/ Congress Atrocities

• Election 1936-37
• Congress vs. Muslim league
• 8/11 (706/1771)
• Congress British vs. Muslims
• Governor powers
• Congress Atrocities
• Cow Slater
• Hindi language
• Ban on azan
• Bandy matram
• Wardha scheme
• Widdia mander scheme
• Three colored flag
• Muslim league
• End of congress rule
• WWII
• Constitution
• Administrative council
• Day of deliverance 22 Dec 1939
Lahore Resolution 1940

• End of congress rule

• Annul session of Muslim league
• 22,23 march
• Khaksar tragedy 50 killed
1. Quaid e azam address
2. Molvi fazlul Haq resolution
3. Division of India
4. Separate Muslim states
• Reactions on l.R
1. Hindu newspapers
2. British newspapers
3. Raj Gopal words
4. Congress Muslims reaction
5. Muslim league
• Importance of Lahore resolution
• Turning point in Indian history
Cripps Mission 1942

• WWII 1939-1945
• Japan Burma
• Indian support
• Congress rule end-1939
• Mission
• 24th March 1942 Proposals 30th March 1942
• Sir Stafford Cripps
• Meeting with major parties 1. Est. of legislative council
• Reactions 2. Provincial assemblies
• Congress 2 April 1942 3. Royal states
• Pakistan 4. New constitution
• Provincial freedom 5. Dominion status
• Indian freedom 6. Defense responsibility
• Gandhi response: outdated cheque 7. Provincial elections after war
• Muslim league 8. Accept or reject completely
• Rejected
• Indian union
• Congress majority in assembly
Quit India Movement 1942

1. Cripps mission
2. WWII
3. Congress-Japan support
• Quaid e Azam
• Gandhi arrested with 60,000 people
• Civil disobedience movement
• Gandhi released in May 1944
C-R Formula 1944

• Quit India movement

• Congress self rule
• C Raj Gopal Acharia
• Madras assembly
• 80 million Muslims
• Proposals
1. Division of India
2. Muslims support self rule
3. Elections
• Reactions
• Congress
Gandhi Jinnah talk 1944

• Quit India Movement 1942

• May 1942 Gandhi Released
• Gandhi vs. Jinnah
• Gandhi on united India
• Jinnah- Pakistan
• 21 letters
• Meetings
• Fail
Simla conference 1945/Wavell’s plan

• WWII end
• Lord Wavell viceroy
• Wavell plan
1. Administrative council
2. provincial Interim govt. according to
3. 1935 act
4. Members of executive council
• Simla conference 6
1. 25 June 1945
2. 21 top leaders
3. Proposal 4+
4. 6 congress 3
5. 5 Muslims 1 non Muslim league Muslim
1
6. 3 minorities
7. Congress vs. Quaid e Azam
• Conference fail
• Elections
Elections 1945-46

• Simla conference
• Elections
• May 1945 labor party
• Central Dec 1945 and provincial 1946
• Congress vs. Muslim league
• Slogans: united India vs. Pakistan
• Central elections
• 100 seats
• 30/100 Muslims
• 57/100 congress
• 86.6 %
• Provincial elections
1. 430/495 Muslim league
2. 8/11
3. Effects of election on India
Delhi legislator Convention 1946

• Elections
• All legislator in Delhi
• Quaid e azam
• Struggle for Pakistan
Cabinet mission plan 1946

• Election
• Cabinet mission
• Interim govt.
• Sir Stafford Cripps, sir Patrick Lawrence, lord Alexander
• 24 March 1942
• Dialogue with pol. Parties
• 16 May 1942 proposals:
• Short term
• Long Term
1. Union of India Reactions
2. 12 Groups A B C 1. 1st Muslim league
2. 1st Congress
3. Division of powers 3. Viceroys role
4. Foreign, telecommunication, defense 4. 2nd Muslim league
5. Provincial authority 5. Direct Action Day
6. Separate after 10 years 6. 2nd Congress
7. Interim govt. conclusion
8. Completely accepted or rejected
Interim Govt. 1946

• Cabinet mission plan

• Simla conference 1945
1. 6 congress
2. 5 Muslim league
3. 3 minorities
4. Sardar Abdul rub Nashtar ( Trade)
5. Raja Ghaznfar Ali ( Health)
6. Liquate Ali khan (finance)
7. Jogandernath Mandel (law)
• Role of Finance ministry
• Congress and Capitalist
• Division proposals
3rd June Plan-1947
• Finance ministry
• Moti Lal Nehru and cabinet
• Colonization
• wwII -British
• 3rd June Plan
• Lord Mountbatten
1. Punjab Assembly Separate session
2. Bengal assembly
3. Sind- Sind assembly
4. Baluchistan- M.C n shahi Jirga
5. KPK- referendum
6. Royal states
7. Constitution
• Reaction
• Congress
• Muslim league
• 14 July 1947

• End