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    Operating System Support in Distributed Systems

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    Chintan Kavathia
    The document discusses operating system support for distributed systems. Middleware provides communication between processes and objects across distributed nodes. While Unix and Windows can be used, there are no widely adopted distributed operating systems due to users' investment in existing applications and preference for machine autonomy. The combination of middleware and network-capable operating systems provides a balance between these needs by enabling access to remote resources while allowing standalone applications. The operating system at each node provides abstraction of local hardware resources to support the common middleware layer.

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    Operating System Support in Distributed Systems

    Uploaded by

    Chintan Kavathia
    69 views4 pages
    The document discusses operating system support for distributed systems. Middleware provides communication between processes and objects across distributed nodes. While Unix and Windows can be used, there are no widely adopted distributed operating systems due to users' investment in existing applications and preference for machine autonomy. The combination of middleware and network-capable operating systems provides a balance between these needs by enabling access to remote resources while allowing standalone applications. The operating system at each node provides abstraction of local hardware resources to support the common middleware layer.

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    The document discusses operating system support for distributed systems. Middleware provides communication between processes and objects across distributed nodes. While Unix and Windows can be used, there are no widely adopted distributed operating systems due to users' investment in existing applications and preference for machine autonomy. The combination of middleware and network-capable operating systems provides a balance between these needs by enabling access to remote resources while allowing standalone applications. The operating system at each node provides abstraction of local hardware resources to support the common middleware layer.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    69 views4 pages

    Operating System Support in Distributed Systems

    Uploaded by

    Chintan Kavathia
    The document discusses operating system support for distributed systems. Middleware provides communication between processes and objects across distributed nodes. While Unix and Windows can be used, there are no widely adopted distributed operating systems due to users' investment in existing applications and preference for machine autonomy. The combination of middleware and network-capable operating systems provides a balance between these needs by enabling access to remote resources while allowing standalone applications. The operating system at each node provides abstraction of local hardware resources to support the common middleware layer.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    // Roll No: 08bce027

    // topic: Distributed system


    Operating System Support in Distributed Systems
    Applications and services use middleware layer for their interaction.
    Middleware layer provides invocations between objects or process at the
    nodes of distributed system. Below the middleware layer is the operating
    system. Both unix and windows are examples of network operating
    system.they have a networking capability built into them and so can be used to
    access remote resources. There are no distributed operating system in general
    use.because of the following two reasons.

    1. Users have much invested in their application software which often


    meets their current problem solving needs they will not adopt new
    operating system that will not run their applications
    2. The second reason against adoption of distributed operating system is
    that usres tend to prefer to have a degree of autonomy for their
    machines

    The combination of middleware and network operating system provides an


    acceptable balance between the requirement of autonomy, on the one hand,
    and the network transparent resource access on the other. the network
    operating system enables user to run their favourite word processor and other
    stand alone applications. Middleware enables them to take advantage of
    services that become available in their distributed system.

    The Operating system layer


    Users will only satisfied if their middleware – OS combination has good
    performance. Middleware runs on variety of OS-hardware combination at the
    nodes of a distributed system. The OS running at a node – a kernel and
    associated user level services, eg. Libraries –provides its own flavour of
    abstraction of local hardware resources for processing,storage and
    communication. Middleware utilize them. Below figure shows how os layer at
    each of two nodes supports a common middleware layer.

    The Core OS functionality:-

    1. Process manager: it handles the creation of and operation upon


    processes.

    2. Thread manager: it is concerned with thread creation,


    synchronization and scheduling.
    3. Communication manager:it provides communicaton between threads
    attached to different process on the same computer.

    4. Memory manager:management of physical and virtual memory is


    done in this part

    5. Supervisor: Dispatching of interrupts system call traps and other


    exceptions control of memory management unit and hardware
    caches.

    Architecture for multi threaded servers:-


    Figure below shows one of the possible threading architectures,the worker
    pool architecture. In its simplest form the server creates a fixed pool of worker
    threads to process the requests when it starts up. the module marked receipt
    and queuing is typically implemented by an I/O thread, which receives
    requests from collection of sockets or ports and places them on a shared
    request queue for retrieval by workers.

    There is sometimes requirements to treat the requests with varying priorities.


    A disadvantage of this architecture is its inflexibility.

    In thread per request architecture the i/o thread spawns a new worker thread
    for each request,and that worker destroy itself when it has processed request.
    Thus threads don’t need to be in shared queue.
    The thread per connection architecture associates a thread with each
    connection . the server creates a new worker thread when a client makes a
    connection and destroy the thread when client closes the connection.

    The thread per object architecture associates a thread with each remote
    object. An I/O thread receives requests and queues them for the workers, but
    this time there is a per object queue.

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