PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

IMPORTANT NOTE: This part of your module does not contain any tasks or exercises. Instead, this will serve as your guide
to accomplish your research output at the end of this semester as a requirement for my subject.

Since you are already informed about the merging of the research output here with your Filipino Research Subject (Ms.
Kristine V. Patula), this will give you insights and realization as to which language you will use in your final output when you
start working with your research here.

Do not anymore return this research guide. It is for you to purposely accomplish your research.

Please be guided with the following reminders:

 Form groups with a maximum of five (5) members. You can choose your group members at will. After completing
your group members, create a group chat with your members and invite your research teachers to join your group chat.
I am giving you the due of completing this initial task until Friday. Groups should be formed and settled this coming
Friday. Reach out with your classmates and discuss about forming groups.
 If groups are settled already, discuss with your members in your respective group chats what will be your topic and call
your teachers attention for checking.
 Start your research now.

Title Page – consists of the research title, names of the researchers and name of the English teacher.
Acknowledgement – a personal page where the researchers are given the privilege to extend gratitude to all people who
helped in accomplishing the research.
Table of Contents – contains the accurate paging of each part of the research paper.
Bibliography – where you will use your source cards. Presents the sources using APA or MLA format.
Appendix (e.g., survey questionnaire, interview questions) – attachments

Chapter I Background of the Study

Background of the Study – includes purpose and reason behind the conduct of the study. (What made you conduct the
study?) Also serves as the introduction.
Statement of the Problem – the main problem that the research is trying to solve. It follows the formulation of the title and
should be faithful to it. It specifically points the important questions that the study needs to answer. It also serves as the bases
of the questionnaires.
Significance of the Study – (Why conduct the study?) You have to identify who will benefit from the research and how they
will be benefitted. This should match with the Recommendations.
Scope and Limitations of the Study – determines the coverage of the study and all the things that it will not cover in order
to be specific.
Definition of Key Terms – defines technical terms based on how they are used in the study, specifically in the title. This
aims to provide the readers or future researches with the basic terminologies that are important to understand the paper.

Chapter II Review of Related Literature and Studies

Related Literatures are: News Articles, Book Citations, Official website’s opinions and facts
Related Studies are: Hardbound Thesis, Online researches, Government public data
- Related literature are often from journalist or any officials whereas the opinions and facts presented matters and
can affect the masses’ opinion and thinking. Related Studies are from researchers or from official public
offices, and thesis from different universities and libraries.
Step 1 – Organize your note cards on how you would want them to appear in the chapter.
Step 2 – Begin writing the chapter while including the surnames of authors who provided sources for your study and the
publication date of their work in parentheses.
Step 3 – Edit. Rewrite.
Synthesis of the State-of-Art - is about concisely summarizing and linking different sources in order to review the
literature on a topic, make recommendations, and connect your practice to the research.
Gap Bridged by the Study
- Research is conducted to bridge or address a gap in knowledge. However, to understand or identify a gap in
knowledge, you need to do a literature search, which is done before conducting the research. In the course of a
literature search, you first identify and then go through literature related to your topic. This may include
previous studies, theoretical papers (that discuss only the conceptual aspects of a solution), and expert articles.
In the case of a literature review paper, this may also include unpublished literature (also called grey literature).
A thorough literature search typically reveals gaps in existing knowledge in the field. You may decide to
address one, some, or all of these gaps in your research.

Chapter III Research Design and Methodology

Research Design – the kind of research used by your study. This answers why the method used is appropriate for the study.
Sample – describes your respondents: who they are, what their profile is, where they are from, etc.
The Instrument – describes your instrument (questionnaires, surveys, interviews, etc.)
Data Gathering Procedure – narrates the process undergone by the study that eventually leads to the findings.

Chapter IV Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

Several methods are available to analyze qualitative data. The most commonly used data analysis methods are:

 Content analysis: This is one of the most common methods to analyze qualitative data. It is used to analyze
documented information in the form of texts, media, or even physical items. When to use this method depends on
the research questions. Content analysis is usually used to analyze responses from interviewees.
 Narrative analysis: This method is used to analyze content from various sources, such as interviews of
respondents, observations from the field, or surveys. It focuses on using the stories and experiences shared by
people to answer the research questions.
 Discourse analysis: Like narrative analysis, discourse analysis is used to analyze interactions with people.
However, it focuses on analyzing the social context in which the communication between the researcher and the
respondent occurred. Discourse analysis also looks at the respondent’s day-to-day environment and uses that
information during analysis.
 Grounded theory: This refers to using qualitative data to explain why a certain phenomenon happened. It does
this by studying a variety of similar cases in different settings and using the data to derive causal explanations.
Researchers may alter the explanations or create new ones as they study more cases until they arrive at an
explanation that fits all cases.

Chapter V Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations

Summary of Findings – summarizes the interpretation of data given in Chapter 4. These should directly answer your
statement of the problem.
Conclusions – Out of your findings, your conclusions are based. This provides the answers for every statement of the
problem. This is where you will prove your hypotheses and assumptions.
Recommendations – should be directly based on the significance of the study. This also includes the recommended actions
that should be done after the conduct of the study such as further assessment of the subject, focus on other factors, etc.