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8
SCIENCE
Quarter III – Week 1
What Makes Up Matter
and Its Properties

CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PUERTO PRINCESA CITY
Science-Grade 8
Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets (CLAS)
Quarter III - Week 1: What Makes Up Matter and Its Properties
First Edition, 2020

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Development Team of the Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets

Author: Richard Bryan N. Pacaldo

Content Editors: Corazon Philiam Amy P. Moragriega, Venadora C. Villalon

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Reviewer: Rolando A. Taha, Ph D, EPS-Science

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Email Address: [email protected]
 Lesson 1
What Makes Up Matter
and its Properties
MELC: Explain the properties of solids, liquids, and gases based on the particle nature of
matter. (S8MT-IIIB-8)

Objectives:
1. Distinguish properties of matter from those of non-matter
2. Describe some physical properties of matter from solids to liquids, and gases
3. Explain the statement “matter is made up of tiny particles” based on Dalton’s atomic
theory and Greek philosophers

Let’s Try
Directions. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before the number.

____1. What is anything that occupies space and has mass?

A. Atom B. Energy C. Matter D. Volume
____2. Which of the given samples are both non-matter?
A. Chair and desk C. Salt and sugar
B. Heat and light D. Wood and bricks
____3. Which of the following words is used to describe the materials the world made of?
A. Characteristics B. Properties C. Standards D. Traits
____4. Who is the Greek philosopher who proposed an idea that matter is made of tiny
particles?
A. Aristotle B. Democritus C. John Dalton D. Plato
____5. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A. Matter is made of very small particles.
B. Mass is the amount of matter the object has.
C. Volume depends on the shape of a material.
D. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
____6. The word atom came from the Greek word atomos which means ________________.
A. Divisible B. Divided C. Indivisible D. Separable
____7. Which of the following physical properties of matter describes the ability to be
dissolved with another material?
A. Conductivity B. Insolubility C. Resistivity D. Solubility
____8. What do you call the temperature at which solid becomes a liquid?
A. Boiling point B. Freezing point C. Melting point D. Sublimation point
____9. Which of the following is NOT an example of intensive properties of matter?
A. Color B. Density C. Mass D. Solubility
____10. Which of the following statement of Dalton’s atomic theory is INCORRECT?
A. All matter is composed of extremely small and indivisible particles called atoms.
B. Atoms of different elements are alike in size, mass, structure, and other properties.
C. Atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass, structure, and other properties.
D. Atoms of different elements are differed in size, mass, structure, and other
properties.

1
 Let’s Explore and Discover

In Grade 7, you learned that a substance can exist either as a solid, liquid, or a gas.
You recognized that there is a wide variety of materials and these materials combine in many
ways and through different processes. With this diversity of materials, you learned from the
chemists several ways of classifying them – homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures,
elements and compounds, metals and non-metals, and acids and bases.

The approach of this Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets is to represent through

drawings or illustrations and state concrete evidences that will help you gradually
understand what the particle nature of matter is all about. In Let’s Practice, you will use what
you have learned in previous grade levels to identify and describe some physical properties
of the three states of matter from those which are not. In the Let’s Do More, you will look up
to the idea that matter is made up of tiny particles.

These fundamental ideas will enable you to explain the particle nature of matter based
on the evidence and observed situation. At the end of this Contextualized Learning Activity
Sheets, you will be able to answer the following key questions.
What is matter made of?
How does the particle model of matter explain some observed properties of matter?

What is the world made of? Plants, animals,

people, chairs, tables, mountains, trees, and water
look very different from each other. Are they made
of entirely different substances? Are all plants alike?
Unlocking Difficulties
Is there any kind of substance in you that is also in
Mass is the quantity of matter that a water? Where did we come from?
substance contains. It is the same These are some questions man has been
anywhere in the universe. The trying to answer since he started to think and
Weight, on the other hand, is the wonder. The task of trying to understand and
gravitational attraction pulling on an interpret the world is a big one, but it can be made
object. It varies from place to place. easier if we can first describe and recognize the
The weight depends on the distance materials that the world is made of. We call such
of the object from the center of the descriptions properties.
earth.

Chemistry is the science that deals with the study of

matter, its properties, structure, the changes it undergoes,
and the energy involved in such changes. Its ultimate
objective is to assist in the explanation of the stuff of which
the world is made. Chemist is the one who is specializing in
this area or field. In the study of chemistry, one must
exhibit the proper scientific attitudes necessary in solving
problems. Such behavior includes persistence, creativity,
humility, open-mindedness, careful judgement, critical
thinking, etc.

What do chemist do? Chemists solve problems that

have to do with all the “stuff” of which our world is made.
This “stuff” is called matter.

(Source: Pia C. Campo et al., Science Grade 8 Learner's Module, Pasig City:
Department of Education, 2016, 171)

2
Classification of Matter

Consider the materials illustrated in figure 1. Think about how you might group
samples into three categories based on the characteristics or properties that you have
observed.

Figure 1. Shows different samples of material in your physical environment.

Matter is anything around you that occupies space and has mass. All matter can be
systematically classified into three physically distinct states at ordinary temperature. Matter
can have different characteristics and properties. Rock, salt, eraser, and chalk exist as solid;
gasoline, water, and alcohol exist as liquid; oxygen, smoke, and clouds present in nature of
gas.

Physical Properties of Matter

The properties of materials serve to identify things. They are used to classify them into
groups or categories. Some of the most common physical properties which can help us to
identify a material are mass and volume. These properties depend on the amount of material
that a substance contains. We refer to these as extensive properties.

Mass is the amount of matter the object has. It is measured in grams (g) or kilograms
(kg). You will observe this when you get the mass of two different objects or samples. Volume
is the property that depends on the space occupied and does not depend on the shape of a
material.

Density, solubility, boiling point, melting point, sublimation point, color, odor, taste,
and the ability to conduct heat or conductivity are some properties that depend on the type
of substance or the kind of material that a thing is made of. We call these intensive
properties.

Density is the measure of mass per unit volume ( D = m / V). All materials around us
have mass and volume. Paper is usually considered light and wood, heavy. The density is the
same for any amount of a pure substance under the same conditions of pressure and
temperature. Density is thus a physical property of a pure substance.

Solubility is the ability of a matter to be dissolved in another material. A solvent is a

medium, usually liquid, that dissolves or disperses another substance called solute.

Other intensive physical properties of matter are as follows:

1. Melting point is the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid.
2. Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas.
3. Sublimation point is the temperature at which a solid material changes to a gas without
passing the liquid state.

(Source: Leticia V. Catris et al., Science and Technology III, Quezon City, Philippines:
Phoenix Publishing House Inc., 1997, 18-25.)

3
 Studying what matter is all about involves dealing
with very small particles beyond what your eyes can see.
Scientists have been interested in the various forms of
matter around us. They have developed series of models
attempting to describe what make up matter. In fact, the
ancient Greek philosophers proposed the ideas about what
matter was made of.

During the classical ancient Greek, a philosopher

Aristotle explained that the world is composed of 4
elements – the air, earth, fire, and water. Almost 2,500
years ago, Leucippus and his disciple, Democritus believed
that nature consisted of two things, “atoms and the void
that surrounds them” (Knieram, 1955-2013).

They believed that “atoms are physically, but not geometrically, indivisible. In 400 B.C.
Democritus proposed that matter cannot be cut without limit. He maintained that repeated
division of matter would eventually lead to minute, hard, and indivisible bits of matter. He
used this to describe the building blocks of matter. Democritus postulated a different kind of
atom for every substance.

According to Democritus atoms are

indestructible and completely full, so there is no
empty space. He believed that any piece of matter can
be divided and subdivided into very small particle,
but this process ended at some point when a piece is
reached that could not be further divided. The basic
idea is that all matter is composed of very tiny
building block particles called atoms. The word atom
comes from the Greek atomos which means
indivisible or uncut.

Over two centuries ago when an English

schoolteacher and a scientist named John Dalton
presented concrete evidence that all matter is made of
very small particles and proposed the atomic theory in
1804. The general tenets of this theory were as follows:

1. All matter is composed of extremely

small and indivisible particles called
atoms.

2. Atoms of a given element are

identical in size, mass, structure, and
other properties.
John Dalton (1766 – 1844)
Source: “John Dalton Jpeg,” Science
Photo, accessed February 8, 2021,
www.sciencephoto.com

Both Leucippus and Democritus had the idea that there are many kinds of atoms and
each of them had specific shape and size and that all atoms move randomly around in space.
These concepts will be explained and presented to you right after this Contextualized
Learning Activity Sheets.

(Source: Pia C. Campo et al., Science Grade 8 Learner's Module, Pasig City:
Department of Education, 2016, 175-176)

4
 Let’s Practice

WHY MATTER MATTERS SO MUCH?

Directions: Which of the following samples in the table below do you think is classified as
matter? Put a check ( / ) on the appropriate column in the table.

Does it have mass? Does it occupy Is this sample of

Sample space? matter?
Yes No Yes No Yes No
Stone
Sugar granules
Water
Air inside the balloon
Heat
Light

Guide Questions:
1. What similarities do you observe among the first four samples? Write these common
characteristics.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2. Do you think that heat and light have mass? Do they occupy space? Explain your answer.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

UNITED STATES OF MATTER

Directions: Color the molecules with the correct color for each state of matter.
Gases: red Liquid: blue Solid: Green

water
wood
paper oxygen
ice

soda metal
neon rock helium

5
 Let’s Do More

Let’s Sum It Up
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct word or name to complete each word in the
paragraph.

The idea of atoms was advanced by the Greek philosophers (1) ______________ and
his disciple (2) _____________ more than 2,500 years ago, challenging the idea of (3)
_____________ that the world was composed of air, earth, fire, and water.
In 1804, (4) ______________ theorized that atoms are indivisible particles and
proposed the (5) ___________theory through his observed situations and evidences he was
able to explain that matter is composed of very tiny building block particles called atoms.

6
 Let’s Assess
Directions. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before the number.

____1. What is anything that occupies space and has mass?

A. Atom C. Matter
B. Energy D. Volume

____2. Which of the given samples are both non-matter?

A. Chair and desk C. Salt and sugar
B. Heat and light D. Wood and bricks

____3. Which of the following physical properties of matter describe the ability to be
dissolved with another material?
A. Conductivity C. Resistivity
B. Insolubility D. Solubility

____4. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

A. Matter is made of very small particles.
B. Mass is the amount of matter the object has.
C. Volume depends on the shape of a material.
D. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.

____5. Who is the Greek philosopher who proposed an idea that matter is made of tiny
particles?
A. Aristotle B. Democritus C. John Dalton D. Plato

____6. Which of the following is NOT an example of intensive properties of matter?

A. Color B. Density C. Mass D. Solubility

____7. What do you call the temperature at which solid becomes a liquid?
A. Boiling point. C. Melting point.
B. Freezing point. D. Sublimation point.

____8. The word atom came from the Greek word atomos which means ________________.
A. Divisible B. Divided C. Indivisible D. Separable

____9. Which of the following words is used to describe the materials the world is made of?
A. Characteristics B. Properties C. Standards D. Traits

____10. Which of the following statement of Dalton’s atomic theory is INCORRECT?

A. All matter is composed of extremely small and indivisible particles called atoms.
B. Atoms of different elements are alike in size, mass, structure, and other properties.
C. Atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass, structure, and other
properties.
D. Atoms of different elements are different in size, mass, structure, and other
properties.

7
 Answer Key
Let’s Try
1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C
6. C 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. B

Let’s Practice
Activity 2: UNITED STATES OF
MATTER

SOLID (GREEN)
- PAPER , ICE, WOOD, ROCK, METAL
LIQUID (BLUE)
- WATER, SODA
GASES (RED)
- HELIUM, NEON, OXYGEN
Let’s Do More
Activity 1: MATTER’S PROFILE! Activity 2: FILL IN THE BLOCKS
1. B 5. B 9. B
1. SPACE 4. UNCUT
2. C 6. A 10. C 2. ATOM 5. IDENTICAL
3. C 7. B 3. ATOMOS
4. A 8. A
Let’s Sum it Up
1. Leucippus 2. Democritus 3. Aristotle 4. John Dalton 5. atomic
Let’s Assess
1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. B
6. C 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. B

References
Book

Campo, Pia C., Maria Helen D.H Catalan, Letisha V. Catris, Marlene B. Ferido, Ian Kendrich C.
Fontanilla, and Jacqueline Rose M. Gutierrez. Science Grade 8 Learner's Module. Pasig City,
Philippines: Department of Education, 2016.

Catris, Leticia V. and Gloria G. Salandanan. Science and Technology Textbook Third Year. Quezon
City, Philippines: Phoenix Publishing Inc.,1997.

Website

YouTube. “Particulate Nature of Matter.” Accessed January 31, 2021.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6LKm3S54Y3g.

8
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