Surname & Initials ; Vilakazi G.

I
Student Number ; 21812773

Information Technology Skills 1

Sustainable Development Goals
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a collection of 17 global goals designed to be a
"blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all". The SDGs, set in 2015 by
the United Nations General Assembly and intended to be achieved by the year 2030, are part of
UN Resolution 70/1, the 2030 Agenda
The Sustainable Development Goals are:

1. No Poverty
2. Zero Hunger
3. Good Health and Well-being
4. Quality Education
5. Gender Equality
6. Clean Water and Sanitation
7. Affordable and Clean Energy
8. Decent Work and Economic Growth
9. Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
10. Reducing Inequality
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities
12. Responsible Consumption and Production
13. Climate Action
14. Life Below Water
15. Life On Land
16. Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions
17. Partnerships 

1. No Poverty
Eradication of poverty in all its forms everywhere. Poverty is more than the lack of income or
resources: People live in poverty if they lack basic services such as healthcare, security, and
education. They also experience hunger, social discrimination, and exclusion from decision-
making processes. 

One of the key programmes that has assisted South Africa in reducing poverty since the
early 2000s has been the rapid expansion of social grants, which now provide financial
assistance to 17 million South Africans.

Business Ideas
 Microfinance platform
 Native-language entrepreneurship and financial education platform
 Land reform platform
2. Zero Hunger
Eradication of hunger achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable
agriculture.  This would be accomplished by doubling agricultural productivity and incomes
of small-scale food producers (especially women and indigenous peoples), by
ensuring sustainable food production systems, and by progressively improving land and soil
quality.

South Africa has a relatively sophisticated infrastructure for agricultural research and the
preservation of genetic resources

Business Ideas
 Aquaponics farms in urban locations to sell vegetables
 Agtech sensors to monitor crops and improve yields
 Native-language agricultural education platform

3. Good Health and Well-Being

Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. Significant strides have been
made in increasing life expectancy and reducing some of the common killers associated
with child and maternal mortality. And aims to achieve universal health coverage, including
access to essential medicines and vaccines.

Reducing the number of infant mortality

More clinics are built to support the whole population of South Africa

Business Ideas
 Micro-insurance for basic health services
 Mental health monitoring app
 Public health research, education, and data analysis platform

4. Quality Education
Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities
for all. Major progress has been made in access to education, specifically at the primary
school level, for both boys and girls.

High Drop-out rate relating to children living with disabilities.

Top Grades participation rates low.

Business Ideas
 Online courses
 Mentor network for people
 More free entrepreneurship programs

5. Gender Equality
Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. Providing women and girls with
equal access to education, health care, decent work, and representation in political and
economic decision-making processes will nurture sustainable economies and benefit
societies and humanity at large.

Men are getting more opportunities than women.

Gender-Based Violence is more frequent especially in 2019.

Business Ideas
 Training program for women who aspire to become entrepreneurs
 Mentor network for women in specific sectors
 Platforms and technologies to reduce hiring biases

6. Clean Water and Sanitation

Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. Providing
safe drinking water and hygienic toilets protect people from disease and enable societies to
be more productive economically.

There is many people dying from diseases caused by poor sanitation.

The South African Government provides Clean Water and Sanitation as a free service to its
residents.

Business Ideas
 Sensors for water pollutants and leakages
 Technologies to reduce water usage in the agriculture and energy sectors
 Human waste recycling

7. Affordable and Clean Energy

Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all. Improved access
to affordable and reliable energy while increasing the share of renewable energy in the
global energy mix. This would involve improving energy efficiency and enhancing
international cooperation to facilitate more open access to clean energy technology and
more investment in clean energy infrastructure.

Despite the electrification rates in South Africa it is still one of the most unequal societies in
the world

Business Ideas
 Solar-powered lamps and devices
 Technologies to reduce dependencies on expensive inputs for energy production
 High-frequency energy trading
8. Decent Work and Economic Growth
Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive
employment and decent work for all.  Reduce unemployment and operationalize a global
strategy for youth employment.

High unemployment rate.

Unemployment remains high – 27.6% Q1 2019. 6,201 million unemployed in Jan-Mar 2019,
compared to 5,723 million in Jan-Mar 2016.

Business Ideas
 Finance and tech career preparation programs
 Entrepreneurship training programs
 Economic development data collection, analysis, and/or policy design

9. Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization, and
foster innovation. Manufacturing is a major source of employment. The manufacturing of
high products contributes 80 percent to total manufacturing output in industrialized
economies but barely 10 percent in the least developed countries.

Business Ideas
 Manufacturing software
 3D printing
 Designing new reusable construction materials

10. Reducing Inequalities

Reduce income inequality within and among countries. Sustaining income growth of the
bottom 40 per cent of the population at a rate higher than the national average". This goal,
known as 'shared prosperity.

Race, geography, education, age, and access to labour markets are key drivers of inequality
in SA

Business Ideas
 Training entrepreneurs in emerging markets
 Training workers in emerging markets for finance and tech jobs
 Advising emerging market governments on empowering their populations
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. Movement
from rural to urban areas has accelerated as the population has grown and better housing
alternatives are available.

Due to high urbanisation crime in urban areas has risen.

Urbanisation has resulted in the development of ghost towns.

Business Ideas
 Adaptive reuse architecture or construction
 Smart city data collection, analysis, and/or policy design
 Sustainable small business ownership

12. Responsible Consumption and Production

Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.  include using eco-
friendly production methods and reducing the amount of waste, is a global commitment to
accelerate the shift to sustainable consumption and production in developed and developing
countries.

South Africa is the 12th largest carbon dioxide emitter in the world.
More respiratory diseases due to a high production of CO2.

Business Ideas
 E-commerce with sustainable and fair-trade supply chains
 Consumer education platform on product supply chains and SDG alignment
 Manufacture education platform on responsible production

13. Climate Action

Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts by regulating emissions and
promoting developments in renewable energy. Economic development and climate change
are inextricably linked, particularly around poverty, gender equality, and energy.

Extreme weather conditions causing famine and death.

To scale up the current initiatives South Africa requires significant funding resources which
are currently scarce.

Business Ideas
 Forecasting the impacts of climate change on businesses and governments
 Calculating businesses’ impacts on the climate and advising impact investors
 Ride-sharing platform
14. Life Below Water
Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable
development. Aims to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources
for sustainable development. Effective strategies to mitigate adverse effects of
increased ocean acidification are needed to advance the sustainable use of oceans.

South African coastal areas, marine fishing is important for subsistence and employment.
There is high rate of water pollution due to poor clean water and sanitation.

Business Ideas
 Harvesting and selling invasive species
 Sensors and technologies to prevent ocean pollution
 Underwater tours

15. Life On Land

Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage
forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and
halt biodiversity loss. This goal articulates targets for preserving biodiversity of forest,
desert, and mountain eco-systems, as a percentage of total land mass. Achieving a "land
degradation-neutral world" can be reached by restoring degraded forests and land lost to
drought and flood.

South Africa’s biodiversity includes loss and degradation of natural habitat, alteration of
freshwater flows, over-harvesting, invasive alien species, pollution , and climate change

Business Ideas
 Nature tours (e.g. safaris)
 Free-range animal farming
 Forestry

16. Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions

Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to
justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.
Reducing violent crime, sex trafficking, forced labour, and child abuse are clear global goals.
The International Community values peace and justice and calls for stronger judicial systems
that will enforce laws and work toward a more peaceful and just society.

Discrimination still prevalent, based on race, gender, sex, religion, etc

Business Ideas
 Government accountability platforms
  Platform/consultancy analysing
 Whistle blowing platform

17. Partnership
Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership
for sustainable development. Increasing international cooperation is seen as vital to
achieving each of the 16 previous goals. Goal 17 is included to assure that countries and
organizations cooperate instead of competing.

Improved access to technology especially for developing countries to facilitate sharing of

ideas.

Business Ideas
 Partnership and coalition creation
 Sustainable supply chain consulting
 Impact measurement