NSTP 1: CITIZENSHIP TRAINING

Unit 2 – The Philippine Constitution Articles and Sections

The Philippines Constitutions Article I. NATIONAL TERRITORY

Constitution  Declaration of the composition of our country’s

territories (land, sea & air)
 The basic principles and laws of a nation, state, or
social group that determine the powers and Article II. DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES AND STATE
duties of government and guarantee certain POLICIES
rights to the people in it.
Section 4. The prime duty of the government
 The fundamental laws of the land.
is to serve and protect the people. The Government
Several constitutions (6) – aim to achieve unity, may call upon the people to defend the State and, in
governance, peace and order the fulfillment thereof, all citizens may be required,
under conditions provided by law, to render personal,
 The 1899 Malolos Constitution
military or civil service.
 The 1935 Constitution (Pres. Manuel L.
Quezon) Section 13. The State recognizes the vital role
 The 1943 Constitution (Japanese Occupation) of the youth in nation-building and shall promote and
 The 1973 Constitution (Martial Law) protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual,
 The 1986 Provisional “Freedom” Constitution and social well-being. It shall inculcate in the youth
(Corazon Aquino – temporary) patriotism and nationalism, and encourage their
 The 1987 Philippine Constitution involvement in public and civic affairs.
The 1987 Philippine Constitution
Article III. BILL OF RIGHTS
- Reinstate our freedom from the
Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life,
Ferdinand Marcos’ dictatorship
liberty, or property without due process of law, nor
- Led by Corazon Aquino
shall any person be denied the equal protection of the
- Drafted in 133 days
laws.
- Constitutional Commission (48 members)
- Ratified by the people in a plebiscite Section 4. No law shall be passed abridging
(Feb 2, 1987) the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press,
or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and
The 1987 Philippines Constitution’s PREAMBLE
petition the government for redress of grievances.
Preamble – introductory part (goal, aim, justification) (awareness)

We, the sovereign Filipino People, imploring Section 6. The liberty of abode and of
the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and changing the same within the limits prescribed by law
humane society, and establish a Government that shall not be impaired except upon lawful order of the
shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the court. Neither shall the right to travel be impaired
common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, except in the interest of national security, public
and secure ourselves and our posterity, the blessings safety, or public health, as may be provided by law.
of independence and democracy under the rule of law (Bayanihan Act)
and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality
Article IV. CITIZENSHIP
and peace, do ordain and promulgate this
Constitution.  The criteria on how to be a Filipino citizen
 Natural Born Filipino Citizen – born in PH
 Reflects our culture/tradition
 Naturalized – mandate of law making them
 Declaration of what kind of government
Filipino
we want to establish; what kind of
commitment we want to give our nation Article V. SUFFRAGE

 the right to vote

Article VI. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT

  The Congress and Senate of the Philippines inequalities, and remove cultural inequities by
(the law-making body) – roles and equitably diffusing wealth and political power for the
responsibilities common good.

Article VII. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT

 The Presidential Office (composition, role, Article XIV. EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,
component) ARTS, CULTURE AND SPORTS
 Cabinet Member and Offices
 DepEd, CHED & DOST
Article VIII. JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT
Article XV. THE FAMILY
 The Judiciary System of the Philippines
 Give importance to the value of family
(Supreme Court, Regional Trial Courts and
etc.) Article XVI. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article IX. CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONS Article XVII. AMENDMENTS OR REVISIONS

 The Civil Service Commission (work under Article XVIII. TRANSITORY PROVISIONS
government)
Ordinance
 The Commission on Elections (manage, handle
and protect our electoral system)  The creation of the political boundaries of the
 The Commission of Audit (in charge for check different regions, cities, municipalities, and
and balance of our government) districts.
 Outdated
Article X. LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Members of the Constitutional Commission
 The territorial and political division of the
Republic of the PH:  List of names who contributed in the drafting
 Provinces of the 1987 Constitution
 Cities  Different Sectors: Religious, NGOs, Academe,
 Municipalities Political, Economic, Business
 Barangays

Article XI. ACCOUNTABILITY OF THE PUBLIC OFFICERS

Section 1. Public office is a public trust. Public

officers and employees must at all times be
accountable to the people, serve them with utmost
responsibility, integrity, loyalty, and efficiency, act
with patriotism and justice, and lead modest lives.

 Covers the government offices that can be

impeached, and its process.
 The Sandiganbayan
 The Office of the Ombudsman

ARTICLE XII. NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PATRIMONY

 Roles and responsibilities of the government

in terms of handling the economic status of
the country.

ARTICLE XIII. SOCIAL JUSTICE AND HUMAN RIGHTS

Section 1. The Congress shall give highest

priority to the enactment of measures that protect
and enhance the right of all the people to human
dignity, reduce social, economic, and political
 Section IX. The state shall promote a
just and dynamic social order.
Section X. The state shall promote
social justice in all phases of national
development.
Unit 3 – United Nations: Principles on Human Rights Section XI. The state values the dignity
Human Rights of ever human persona and
guarantees full respect for human
 universal and inalienable rights.
 indivisible
 interdependent and interrelated Conclusion
 They apply to all equally, and all have the  We all have rights.
right to participate in decisions that affects  We are all equal, and should treat each other
their lives. They are upheld by the rule of law in accordance: with respect, empathy, and
and strengthen through legitimate claims for love.
duty-bearers to be accountable to  Let us continue to know more about those
international standards. rights and exercise them with prudence.
Principles  #WeBelong. #WorldWithoutStrangers.
#Kapamilya. #Kapuso. #Kapatid.
1. Universality and Inalienability  We are all one race – the HUMAN RACE.
 Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, Article I

“All human beings are born free and

equal in dignity and rights.”

2. Indivisibility
 Inherent to the dignity of every
human person
 Equal status and cannot be positioned
in a hierarchical order
3. Interdependence and Interrelatedness
 Each one contributes to the
realization of a person’s human
dignity through the satisfactions of his
or her developmental, physical,
psychological and spiritual needs
4. Equality and Non-discrimination
 No one should suffer discrimination
(race, color, ethnicity, gender, age,
language, sexual orientation, religion,
political, national, social or
geographical)
5. Participation and Inclusion
 Participation by communities, civil
society, minorities, women, young
people, indigenous people and other
identified groups
6. Accountability and Rule of Law
 Individuals, the media, civil society
and the international community
 The 1987 Philippine Constitution
(Article 2)
  If displayed all year round – flag raising
ceremony

Unit 4 – Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines

(R.A. 8491 s. 1998) Section 10.

Republic Act 8491

Section 1. Flag and Heraldic Code of the

Philippines

Section 2. Declaration Policy - Reverence and

respect shall at all times be accorded the flag, the
anthem and other national symbols which embody Section 14.  A flag worn out through wear
the national ideals and traditions and which express and tear shall not be thrown away. It shall be
the principles of sovereignty and national solidarity. solemnly burned to avoid misuse or desecration. The
The heraldic items and devices shall seek to manifest flag shall be replaced immediately when it begins to
the national virtues and to inculcate in the minds and show signs of wear and tear.
hearts of our people a just pride in their native land,
fitting respect and affection for the national flag and Section 18. All government offices and
anthem, and the proper use of the national motto, educational institutions shall henceforth observe the
coat-of-arms and other heraldic items and devices. flag-raising ceremony every Monday morning and the
flag lowering ceremony every Friday afternoon. The
Section 4. The flag of the Philippines shall be ceremony shall be simple and dignified and shall
blue, white and red with an eight-rayed golden-yellow include the playing or singing of the Philippine
sun and three five-pointed stars, as consecrated and National Anthem.
honored by the people.
Section 23. Half-mast flag as a sign of
Section 5. The flag shall be displayed in all mourning
public buildings, official residences public plazas, and
institutions of learning everyday throughout the year.  President or former pres (10 days)
 VPres, Chief Justice, Pres of the Senate,
Section 6. The flag shall be permanently Speaker of the House of Rep. – 7 days
hoisted, day and night throughout the year, in front of  Other persons determined by the institute –
the following; at Malacanang Palace; the Congress of less than 7 days
the Philippines building; Supreme Court building; the
Rizal Monument in Luneta, Manila; Aguinaldo Shrine Section 34. It shall be prohibited
in Kawit, Cavite; Barasoain Shrine in Malolos, Bulacan; a. To mutilate, deface, defile, trample, on or cast
the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Libingan ng mga contempt any act or omission casting dishonor or
Bayani; Mausuleo de los Beteranos dela Revolucion; ridicule upon the flag over its surface;
all International Ports of Entry and all other places as
maybe designated by the Institute. The flag shall be b. To dip the flag to any person or object by way of
properly illuminated at night. compliment or salute;

Section 7. The flag shall also be displayed in c. To use the flag as: (1) drapery, festoon, tablecloth
private buildings and residences or raised in the open (2) covering for ceilings, walls, statues or other objects
flag-staffs in front of said buildings: (3) pennant in the hood, side, back and top of motor
vehicles (4) staff or whip (5) unveiling monuments or
 April 9 (Araw ng Kagitingan) statues (6) trademarks or for industrial, commercial or
 May 1 (Labor Day); May 28 (National Flag agricultural labels or designs.
Day) to June 12 (Independence Day)
 last Sunday of August (National Heroes Day) d. Display the flag: (1) under any painting or picture
 November 30 (Bonifacio Day) (2) horizontally face-up (3) below any platform (4) in
 December 30 (Rizal Day) discotheques, cockpits, night and day clubs, casinos,
gambling joints and places of vice or where frivolity
prevails.

e. To wear the flag in whole or in part as a costume or

uniform;

f. To add any word, figure, mark, picture, design,

drawings, advertisements, or imprint of any nature on
the flag;

g. To print, paint or attach representation of the flag

on handkerchiefs, napkins, cushions, and other
articles of merchandise;

h. To display in public any foreign flag, except in

embassies and other diplomatic establishments, and
in offices of international organizations.

i. To use, display or be part of any advertisement of

infomercial; and

j. To display the flag in front of buildings or offices

occupied by aliens.

The National Anthem

Section 35. Lupang Hinirang

Section 37. The rendition of the National

Anthem, whether played or sung, shall be in
accordance with the musical arrangement and
composition of Julian Felipe.

Section 38. As a sign of respect, all persons

shall stand in attention and face the flag if one is
displayed. If none, face the band or conductor. Right
palms over their left chests.

The National Motto

Section 40. The national Motto shall be

“MAKA-DIYOS, MAKA-TAO, MAKAKALIKASAN AT
MAKABANSA.”

Penalties

Section 50. Any person or judicial entity which

violates any of the provisions of this Act shall, upon
conviction, be punished by a fine of not less than Five
thousand pesos (5,000.00) not more than Twenty
thousand pesos (P20,000.00), or by imprisonment for
not more than one (1) year, or both such fine and
imprisonment, at the discretion of the
court: Provided, That for any second and additional
offenses, both fine and imprisonment shall always be
imposed: Provided, That in case the violation
is committed by a juridical person, its President or
Chief Executive Officer thereof shall be liable.
 nation, we honor our family by honoring
our nation. Sa isip, sa salita, at sa gawa.

MAKA-TAO

 Love
- what you do not want done to yourself,
Unit 5 – The Good Citizenship Values do not do to others. (Confucius)
- eliminate the regionism
 The Good Filipino Citizenship Values is - love for fellow citizen
embedded in the 1987 Philippine  Freedom
Constitution’s Preamble. - always linked to responsibility
 Stipulated in RA 8491 – Flag and Heraldic - freedom to think and act and that will
Code of the Philippines lead us to consequences that we ought to
Section 40. The national Motto shall be be responsible of
“MAKA-DIYOS, MAKA-TAO, MAKAKALIKASAN  Peace
AT MAKABANSA.” - be a peacemaker; starts with yourself and
let it radiate to the people around you
MAKA- MAKA- MAKAKALIKASA
MAKABANSA  Truth
DIYOS TAO N
 Faith in  Love  Concern for  Unity
- always be prevails
the  Freedo the  Equality - better be on side of the truth rather than
Almighty environment be sorry
m  Respect for
God
 Peace Law and  Justice
 Respect
 Truth Governmen
for Life - to give credit to where credit is due
t’s Rule of
 Justice - pay in monetary value in exchange of
 Order Law
 Work  Patriotism goods/service
 Concern  Common
for the Good MAKAKALIKASAN
family and
future  Concern for the Environment
generatio - the world is changing and it gravely affects
ns our environment. we must participate in
rehabilitating the earth even in our own
MAKA-DIYOS
ways:
 Faith in the Almighty God - proper waste disposal
- As a nation, we have faith that God, will - conserve energy
guide us in the right direction. - lesson carbon monoxide emission
 Respect for Life - protect our marine life
- It is a call to respect your own life and the - plant more trees
life of others. To do no harm and violence,
MAKA-BANSA
and to protect one another from
destruction.  Unity
 Order - pag-kakaisa towards a common goal, and
- This is adherence to discipline. Discipline that is for the betterment of our nation
the mind and the body, so that, in every  Equality
decisions and actions we do, there is - equal rights, opportunities, and protection
peace and harmony. from law
 Work  Respect for law and Government’s rule of law
- We value work and give respect to the - recognizing and upholding the laws of
workers like nurses. land even when someone isn’t looking
 Concern for the family and future generations  Patriotism
- The Filipino culture is embedded in our - love your country and be proud of it
value for our family. As a citizen of this  Common Good
- aim for the good of the public
  person found to have committed rebellion,
sedition, violation of the anti-subversion and
firearms law, any crime against national
security or involving disloyalty to the
government
 insane or incompetent

Overseas Absentee Voting Disqualifications

 lost Philippine Citizenship
 have renounced their Philippine citizenship
and pledged allegiance to another country
Unit 6 – Voter Citizenship Education  found guilty of disloyalty (Act 137 of Revised
Penal Code)
The Right to Suffrage  immigrants or permanent residents without
 the human right to vote affidavit of intent to resume residence in PH
 In PH, it is indicated in three documents:
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights How do Filipino Voters Vote?
- International Covenant on Civil and  Public Servant Image
Political Rights  Political Machinery
- The 1987 Philippine Constitution  Popularity
 These documents call for three things:  Endorsement of network and organizations
- Universal of the right
- Equality in access to public service Action Points for Citizen-Voters
Before Election
When do we exercise the Rise to Suffrage?  Register
 during elections  be informed of the issues, platform and
 Citizen-voters are entitled free and informed personalities of the political candidates
choice on whom to vote  set specific guidelines in choosing government
 you choice and decisions will determine the leaders (candidate’s social affiliations and
kind of government that will serve the country interests, competence, lifestyle, performance
 exercising your right to suffrage should be records)
expressed in a clean, orderly and honest  participate in public debate to inform citizens
elections and gain commitment of the candidates to
integrate, the interest and welfare of the
Philippine Voters Qualifications citizens
 citizens of the Philippines During Election
 18 years old and above on the day of elections  vote according to conscience
 a resident of the PH for 1 year and in the  protect the integrity of your own vote from
city/municipality wherein he proposes to vote any undue influence
for at least 6 months before the election  volunteer in organizations that work for clean
 not disqualified by law and peaceful elections
 watch out for instances of cheating
Overseas Absentee Voting Post-Elections
 filipino citizens abroad  be vigilant in the counting and canvassing of
 18 years old and above on the day of elections votes
 immigrants  attend consultations and public hearings
 permanent residents with affidavit of intent to  legislative advocacy process where citizens
resume residence in the PH talk with the lawmakers to ensure that the
concerns and welfare of the general public are
Who are disqualified to vote in the elections? included in the making of laws
 person sentenced to be imprisoned for 1 year  engage in making views known to be elected
and above representatives; support political party;
 support initiatives of NGOs for honest and
peaceful elections; run for office
A good government is one engages participation and
is responsive to the needs of the people.
Good leaders are those who uphold accountability to
the people and promote transparent and people-
oriented programs.
Good citizen voters are those who value their right to
suffrage as to keep themselves informed, involved,
and vigilant.