Volume 5, Issue 12, December – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

E-Policing in the PNP Laoag City Police Station:

Case Study
Jay-Lynne May S. Escalona

Abstract:- This study illustrates how the PNP Laoag City neighborhood watch groups, promoting crime prevention
Police Station implement their PNP e-projects with the events, developing crime prevention blog, hosting a crime
adaptation of modern policing system or the e-policing prevention web chat, creating a crime prevention podcast.
and problems arise during its implementation. The
awareness of the community was also determined to test Meanwhile, e-Policing was adopted for community
the reliability of the study. This research relied on the policing to promote better involvement of the public since
literatures and survey questionnaires to collect data. community policing aims at enhancing police-community
Hence, it was found out that the PNP e-project through partnerships in crime prevention within their localities. With
the use of modern e-policing has effectively implemented community policing, service delivery can be improved:
in conducting investigation; crime reduction and; problems can be jointly identified and solved; interactions
improved organizational communication. However, between the police force and the public increase; and trust of
intermittent internet connection and lack of trained the public in the police force can be enhanced (Dominique,
personnel were the primary problems encountered by W. 2010). However, Zambia's strategic adoption of this
the Police Station during its implementation. Therefore, concept has been very slow with a concentration on internal
the study recommends that the Regional Philippine police modernization for improved case analysis. The key
National Police Training Unit may provide enhancement stakeholders such as the public still face challenges to
training for the PNP personnel before the appointment contact the Police through mobile technology despite having
on specific PNP e-projects and may assign at least one IT phones and other mobile terminals (Joel, et al., 2016).
expert personnel who will be in-charge in monitoring the
internet connection when needed and maintain the (Colvin and Goh 2005) proves that the information
performance flow of the system to avoid clogging of the quality and timeless are two important components that are
system. effective in terms of achieving acceptance by the patrol
officer. Wright (1978, p. 306) commented that the aim of
Keywords:- E-Policing, PNP E-Projects, Implementation. technology as used in law enforcement is to facilitate and
provide efficiency in policing. As well as to lift the
I. INTRODUCTION perception of the police and changed the character of
traditional policing. Thus, similarly represents changes in
E-Policing is defined as a transaction of services and police management and organization and adaptation to the
information between the police and citizens using the new technologies. As such, police may enhance their
internet (Royal Canadian Mounted Police, no date; Boondao professional status and organizational legitimacy as well
and Tripathi, 2007; Lebeuf, 2006). As cited in the articles (Manning 1992a; Ericson and Haggerty 1997).
(Koper et al. 2009), e-Policing systems enable Law
Enforcement agencies to be ahead of criminals in terms of As agreed by Hanson, W. (2011), Community Policing
utilization of sophisticated crime prevention and reduction today has also expanded through social networking to locate
technology as well as to enhance the security police records missing, alert neighbors of suspicious activity and even
and could result in improved crime detection, analysis, and inform the public about crimes committed in their
investigation. neighbors.

Evolving computerized and mobile technologies are The Philippine Constabulary Data Processing Unit
also changing the face of policing, from department and (PCDPU) was established on October 18, 1965, 3 years later
emergency communication systems to surveillance and renamed Crime Information and Data Processing Center
investigation of criminal activity. To sum it up, the same (CRIDPC), concentrated mainly on collating crime-related
tools that facilitate criminal communications also enable law data from the field. It was March 1, 1972, became
enforcement to engage in new crime prevention efforts Constabulary Computer Center wherein the main task is a
(International Association of Chiefs of Police, 2012), to nationwide crime data bank for use in crime studies
locate, monitor, and apprehend offenders, and to prepare accessible to law enforcement agencies on a direct inquiry
cases for prosecution. The International Association of basis. On January 13, 1988, the Constabulary Computer
Chiefs of Police (IACP) suggests a social media strategy in Center (CCC) was renamed PC/INP Computer Center. It
which law enforcement agencies can use a variety of tactics was January 1991, under the creation of RA 6975 PNP
to “promote and enhance crime prevention efforts, Computer Service was officially organized. Through
“including: posting crime prevention tips, supporting Resolution Number 2008-532 dated November 11, 2008, as

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Volume 5, Issue 12, December – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
approved by NAPOLCOM, Computer Service was  CMAS
renamed Information Technology Management Service Case Management and Analysis System utilize the i2
(itms.pnp.gov.ph). Analyst Notebook which analyzes data information for the
timely dissemination of information to operating/field units.
The Information Technology Management Service It is an IT Solution designed to help investigators in the
manages, coordinates, and controls the IT environmental management and analysis of investigative data;
scanning for operational and administrative applicability in
the PNP, the development and provision of the PNP data  E-Subpoena System
resource (computerized and non-computerized), computer The e-Subpoena System was developed through the
and network facilities, information systems and services, Memorandum of Agreement signed between the PNP,
and the design and/or improvement of PNP processes with Supreme Court and Department of Justice. It aims for a cost-
the end-view that such services effectively respond to the effective delivery of subpoenas and other court documents
requirements of the PNP, and in harmony with the overall to the PNP units. Since everything is accomplished online,
plan for the PNP (itms.pnp.gov.ph/). the cost for paper and courier is no longer a burden while
there will be no more delays, and the records are easily
The Directorate for Information and Communications within reach;
Technology Management (DICTM) was activated to
integrate and standardize all the major PNP information  E-Rogues Gallery
systems and resources for further improve frontline services The e-Rouges Gallery System is an electronic rogues’
(NHQ GO# DPL 09-08). Not later the year 2010, the gallery of wanted persons that will provide every police
formulation of ICT policies in consolidation with the station in the country an access to data on criminals to
DICTM creating programs and guidelines of the system in include pictures that are in the files of police units in the
under all electronic and communications technology country. Through e-Rogues Gallery, for example, the
resources of the PNP. Its duties and functions include the records of an individual or a suspect wanted for a crime in
interoperability, integration, standardization, utilization, Quezon City can be instantly accessed by a police station in
development, and maintenance of all ICT assets Butuan City with just a click of their fingers at the system;
(itms.pnp.gov.ph/).
 E-Warrant System
Likewise, effectively inclined to the implementation of The e-Warrant System is a system where all warrants
programs and e-Projects of the PNP, particularly the IT of arrest will be electronically documented so that they can
SOLUTION under PNP Next Generation Investigation be accessed through computers. Developed by a team of
which composed of: Information Technology Experts from Information
Technology Management System (ITMS) and Directorate
 CIRAS for Investigation and Detection Management (DIDM), the e-
Enhanced e-Blotter or Crime Information reporting Warrant eliminates the hassle bugging snail mail system of
and Analysis System will be interfaced with Geographic delivering a warrant to a particular police station. The
Information System (GIS) to evolve into a Qualitative Crime warrants accessed by the police through the system will
Analysis Management Tool. CIRAS will also be able to facilitate the apprehension of a criminal because a warrant
incorporate or access data from different e-projects of the can be sent by email, printed out, and served. The warrant
PNP. These modifications of the e-Blotter system will although not the original, but a faithful digital copy thereof,
enhance the ability of the field commanders to conduct will facilitate the apprehension of a criminal because of the
qualitative crime analysis more efficiently and more knowledge by the arresting officer that a warrant is pending
accurately. The core objective of CIRAS is to serve as a for the former’s arrest (pnp.gov.ph/).
scientific management tool for efficient and effective
prescription of police intervention. It specifically serves as a In the PNP Annual Accomplishment Report of 2014,
crime database; Identify crime hot spots along with other budgets are allocated based on the targets indicated in the
trends and patterns; Use of spatial (space) and time series initiative profile of the different Directorates which focuses
analysis; on the crime prevention and crime solution in connection to
the PNP Patrol plan 2030 (pnp.gov.ph). Since not all stations
 CIDMS can put up an official website due to budget constraints,
Case Information Database Management System is a some resorted to social networking sites. The use of social
visual intelligence analysis environment that can optimize media is an effective way of gathering, as well as
the value of massive amounts of information, allowing the disseminating data for public information (Memorandum
analysts to quickly collate, analyze and visualize complex Circular Number 2011-001). Community involvement
data from different sources. It is the investigator’s digital counts in police matters; if the PNP seeks to enhance its
notebook and a database system used to monitor cases image, then it must engage the public online; it can help the
initially on TF USIG cases which was developed by ITMS public understand more about the PNP and eliminate the
and first used by CIDG; animosity about the organization brought about by negative
publicity and pop culture (John Ray, 2012).

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Volume 5, Issue 12, December – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Policing today is all about smart policing, criminal year 2030 (Command Memorandum Circular 28-13 (PNP
activities were all technology-driven. Hence, to effectively Information and Communications Technology (ICT)
address the evolving crime rate with the use of technology, Management Eligibility).
it is high time to develop policy intervention in terms of
crime prevention. The Directorate for Investigation  Policy Implementation Theory
Detective Management (DIDM) of the Philippine National According to Stewart et. Al., 2008, Implementation is
Police (PNP) during the launching of the IT solutions, a means of the execution of the law in which stakeholders,
former Chief DIDM Director Magalong, expressed that the organizations, procedures, and techniques work together to
main effect of having these IT solutions is that there will be put policies into effect to attain goals. Simply put, policy
higher crime solution efficiency, higher clearance efficiency implementation involves translating the goals and objectives
and few personnel will run the system so that policemen are of a policy into an action (Khan, 2016).
in the streets, unlike in the traditional way (radyonatin.com).
Thus, frontline implementers are the focal resources in
Technology seems to be advancing at an accelerating policy implementation. They need a commitment to policy
pace through visual technology, audio, computerized records objectives and necessary skills in using available resources
storage, and advanced analytics, and the like. Although, e- to achieve policy objectives since the incompetency of
policing may work for some people but not for others who frontline implementers may lead to implementation failure
experienced lower-income, low-internet, or lack of online (Mazmanian & Sabatier, 1989). This model will reconsider
access. This indispensable situation may not represent the possible major problems of policy implementation and can
entire community thus, may represent special interest rather be used in the formulation of measures to overcome them.
than the general public.
 Organization Theory
This PNP e-Projects specifically the IT Solutions Organizations are defined as social units of people that
offers to upgrade the PNP’s investigative equipment, are structured and managed to meet a need or to pursue
installation of a case tracking system, institutionalize the collective goals. Theories of organizations include rational
crime reporting from all PNP units reflecting the true crime system perspective, division of labor.
situation in real-time, the implementation enhanced crime
reporting system in the country and the like. Today, law According to Castells, networks are the primary unit of
enforcement is already implementing these kinds of new social organization. Castells argues that there is a new
technological approaches, however, this study would like to "variable geometry" that connects economic activity, states,
determine the awareness level of the public and problems and society. It is associated with either the study of the
that are related to the implementation of the e-policing Internet, cities, and regions or social movements. Hence, he
project of the PNP. As the rate of technology adoption stated in his study that convergence of those technologies
accelerates it becomes increasingly important for police with an older and autonomous process of network forms of
agencies to consider how they select and implement organizing with their focus on flexibility and adaptability as
technology and what strategic objectives these technologies key modes of organizing.
will help them achieve.
 Community Policing Theory
 Theoretical Framework Conceptual Framework It is a philosophy that promotes organizational
This research is guided with the principle “Smart strategies that support the systematic use of partnership and
Policing is the New System”. This study is based on the problem-solving techniques to proactively address the
guidelines and procedures of Memorandum Circular No. immediate conditions that give rise to the public such as
2010-016, to integrate and standardize all the major PNP crime, social disorder, and fear of crime (Community
information and communication systems and resources to Oriented-Policing Services, 2017).
further improve internal systems to include the inter-
operability, integration, standardization, acquisition,  Conceptual Framework
utilization development and maintenance of all ICT assets This study uses the implementation process paradigm
with DICTM as the locus of authority on ICT matters. which is undertaken by the following conceptual framework
Further, The Information and Communications Technology shown in figure 1 which has five components: Implementing
(ICT) has been at the forefront of global and innovations in Organization, Community, Process, Output, and Outcome.
the 21st century. It has contributed so much to the growth Implementing Organization – This is the implementing
and productivity of organizations and societies around the bodies of e-policing and first to encounter problems during
world. In the Philippine National Police (PNP), ICT is the implementation;
considered an important drive of innovation and Community – In this research, community is used to
transformation as the organization is aiming for a strategic validate the data by means of measuring their awareness on
change through the institutionalization of the Integrated e-policing;
Transformation Program-Performance Governance System Process – In the research process, this includes the extent of
(ITP-PGS) or the PNP Peace and Order Agenda for implementation and problem encountered by the policy
Transformation and Upholding of the Rule of Law implementers during the implementation of e-policing;
(P.A.T.R.O.L.) Plan 2030 which envisions a more Output – this study identified the possible factors that
professional, effective and credible police service by the affects the implementation of e-policing; and lastly,

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Volume 5, Issue 12, December – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Outcome– based from the output, this study will propose an personnel as well as for public information in coordination
alternative approach to heighten the performance of with the PNP Laoag City Police Station.

Figure 1. Research Paradigm

 Significance of the study  Statement of the Problem

Beneficiaries of the study are the following: The study aimed to assess the e-policing system
implemented by the Laoag City Police Station. Specifically,
Law Enforcement Agency. This research will benefit the the participant is sought to answer the following:
organization in maintaining their platform that allows public 1. What is the level of awareness of the community on e-
communication between agency and the community. This Policing?
will aid them to overcome future dilemma that may arise in 2. What is the extent of implementation of e-Policing in
the implementation of new policies. Laoag City Police Station?
Police Personnel. This study will help them improve their 3. What are the problems encountered in the
community relation as to the new trend of reducing crime implementation of e-Policing in Laoag City Police
rate, uphold communication and public information Station?
dissemination through the use of Information and
Communication Technology (ICT). II. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Community. The study will impart a higher-quality of
awareness that pertains to the policy implemented by the This chapter presents a description of the research
policy implementers. method that will use in the study. It consists of (1) research
design, (2) population and local of the study, (3) data
 Operational definition of Terms gathering instrument, (4) data gathering procedure, and; (5)
To further understand the study, the following terms treatment of the data.
are hereby defined:
 Research Design
Implementing Organization– is defined as the The study used quantitative research, according to
implementing bodies of e-policing; Aliaga and Gunderson (2002:81), Quantitative research is
Target group – is defined as the validator of the “explaining phenomena by collecting numerical data that are
implementation of e-policing. analyzed using mathematically based methods (in particular
Environmental factors – it is defined as the driving statistics).
mechanism that indicates influence development and
implementation of e-policing.

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Volume 5, Issue 12, December – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
The researcher aimed to describe people or existing taken based on the specific purpose (Arikunto (2010:183).
conditions of e-Policing of the PNP of Laoag City Police Simply put, the researcher decides what needs to be known
Station with the use of a case study. According to and sets out to find people who can and are willing to
Kowalczyk (2015), descriptive research is a study designed provide the information by knowledge or experience
to depict the participants in an accurate way. This (American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
investigates a phenomena-population by selecting samples 2016). Hence, the PNP of Laoag City Police Station were
from the population to discover the relative incidence, chosen purposively as the primary participants considering
distribution, and interrelation of variables. that these police officers are the first-hand implementers of
e-policing in their respective units and community people
 Population and local of the Study coming from Laoag City as the secondary participants for a
In this study, the researcher used the purposive reason that they are used to determine the validity of the
sampling technique to obtain the sample. Purposive data gathered. Provided below is the map of Laoag City,
sampling is the process of selecting a sample by taking a Ilocos Norte.
subject that is not based on the level of the area, but it is

Figure 2. Map of Laoag City, Ilocos Norte

 Data Gathering Instrument the dean of the College of Criminal Justice Education. Upon
In data gathering, the researcher used the survey approval, the researcher administered the distribution of
questionnaire. According to Check & Schutt, 2012, p. 160, survey questionnaires to the participants of the said police
Survey research is defined as the collection of information station and an informal follow-up interview may be
from a sample of individuals through their responses to conducted when needed. For the validation of the reliability
questions. This type of research allows a variety of methods of the data, a survey questionnaire is distributed to the
to recruit participants, collect data, and utilize various resident of the City as well thru the use of google forms.
methods of instrumentation. The data gathering instrument
of the researcher will initially subject to validation by the  Treatment of Data
adviser and approval by the Chief of Police of Laoag City The researcher used the descriptive type of data
Police Station. analysis to describe the extent and problems encountered in
implementing the e-policing of the PNP Laoag City Police
 Data Gathering Procedures Station. The treatment shows or summarized data in a
In conducting the study, the researcher requested for meaningful way which allows simpler interpretation of the
the approval of the Laoag City Police Station with the aid of data. The study used the weighted mean and a four-point
a letter to be given to them duly signed by the adviser and Likert scale to analyze and describe the data gathered.

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Interpret the data in the following manner:
Point Range of Values Interpretation of the Level of Awareness Descriptor of the Level of Awareness
Value
4 3.51-4.50 Very Much Aware Knowledge with skills and training
3 2.51-3.50 Much Aware Knowledge with trainings
2 1.51-2.50 Slightly Aware Knowledge and skill
1 1.0-1.50 Least Aware Basic knowledge
Table 1. Level of Awareness

Point Range of Values Interpretation of the Extent of Descriptor of the Extent of

Value Implementation Implementation
4 3.51-4.50 Strongly Implemented 100% all programs are implemented
3 2.51-3.50 Fairly Implemented 75% programs are implemented
2 1.51-2.50 Slightly Implemented 50% programs are implemented
1 1.0-1.50 Least Implemented 25% programs are implemented
Table 2. Extent of Implementation

 Ethical Considerations extent of implementation and problems encountered in the

In this study, the participants were the Philippine implementation of e-policing by the PNP personnel of
National Police of Laoag City Police Station and the Laoag City Police Station. The various results were
residents of the said city. Prior to the conduct of the study, presented in the succeeding tables with corresponding
this was openly communicated to the participants by discussion and explanations.
indicating a letter to guarantee the confidentiality of their
answers as well as their identity. The survey questionnaire is  The Level of awareness of the community on e-policing
distributed to the participants and was honestly and in Laoag City.
voluntarily answered. Protecting the research participants, Table 3, presents the e-Projects of the PNP wherein it
developing trust with them, and promoting the integrity of was tabulated and computed according to the following
the research was crucial to the success of this study orders, CIRAS/e-Blotter, CIDMS/Case Information
(Creswell, 2009). Database and Management System, e-Subpoena System, e-
Rouge Gallery System and e-Warrant System. It can be
III. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND noted that the level of awareness of the community on e-
INTERPRETATION OF THE DATA policing is slightly aware on all of the variables presented
therein. This simply states that the participants are somehow
This chapter presents the analysis and interpretation of had a basic knowledge on the e-policing or programs of the
data. This further presents the awareness of the community, PNP that are being implemented particularly the e-projects.

Table 3. The Level of awareness of the community on e-policing

Variables
CIRAS/e-BlotterMean Descriptive Interpretation
An electronic database system that facilitates
crime documentation and systematic data storage
and retrieval. It alsopresents a quick, fast and 2.47 Slightly Aware
reliable transmission of crime information from
a police station to the provincial and regional offices
and to the national headquarters.

Case Information and Database Management System

It is a visual intelligence analysis environment that

can optimize the value of massive amounts of information,
allowing the analysts to quickly collate, analyze and 2.22 Slightly Aware
visualize complex data from different sources. It is the
investigator’s digital notebook and a database system
used to monitor cases.
e-Subpoena System
It aims for a cost-effective delivery of subpoenas and
other court documents to the PNP units.
This is accomplished online, the cost for paper and 2.14 Slightly Aware
courier is no longer a burden while there will be no more

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delays, and the records are easily within reach.
e-Rouge Gallery System
An electronic rogues’ gallery of wanted persons that will
provide every police station in the country an access to data 2.18 Slightly Aware
on criminals to include pictures that are in the files of
police units in the country.
e-Warrant System
All warrants of arrest will be electronically documented so 2.10 Slightly Aware
that they can be accessed through computers.

As gleaned on the table 3, the highest mean of the perceived in the table, the PNP has been effectively
level of awareness of the community on e-policing disseminating information to raise the awareness of the
has2.47on the variable of CIRAS/e-Blotter which interprets public regarding the PNP e-Projects pursuant to the
as slightly awarewhile on the e-Warrant System has the Memorandum Circular Number 2011-001.
lowest mean of 2.10 as slightly aware. The result proved that
this could help the public to understand the programs of the  The Extent of Implementation of e-Policing in the PNP
PNP, as cited by John Ray, 2012, “community involvement Laoag City Police Station.
counts in police matters”. Dominique, W. 2010 further Table 4 shows that the implementation of e-policing is
stated that e-Policing was adopted for community policing Strongly Implemented on all variables provided. PNP e-
to promote better involvement of the public since projects policies and objectives were well observe up to its
community policing aims at enhancing police-community implementation specifically to those who were assigned in
partnerships in crime prevention within their localities.As handling the account or system accordingly.

Table 4, The Extent of Implementation of e-Policing of the PNP Laoag City Police Station.
Descriptive
Variables
Mean Interpretation
e-Blotter
1. The complaint or information of citizen is encoded directly to the computer. 3.77 Strongly Implemented
2. the complainant can get update by showing the incident record transaction receipt. 3.77 Strongly Implemented
4. Police stations have crime registrars whose main responsibility would be to encode
crime information into the e-blotter system 3.77 Strongly Implemented
Case Information and Database Management System

1. Records of case by digitizing case folder to have a case folder repository/backup 3.86 Strongly Implemented
2. Conduct case folder cross-referring cases to aid in solving cases 3.68 Strongly Implemented
Strongly
3. Conduct case monitoring and reports Implemented
3.68
4. Check criminal records for reference 3.86 Strongly Implemented
5. Update all case records and add the recipient Investigator with date handled from being
the date of turnover and the date handled to as To Present.
3.81 Strongly Implemented
6. The Chief Investigator will submit a memo to RIDMD, DIDMD, PIDMB, CIDMB
signed by the Chief of Police/ Head of unit, indicating the name of the outgoing
Investigator, his previous unit and his new unit 3.77 Strongly Implemented
7. All information are treated confidential. 3.81 Strongly Implemented
e-Subpoena System
1. Ensure concerned personnel faithfully attend court duties. 3.86 Strongly Implemented
2. Ensure the use and utilization of the e-Subpoena System in the police station. 3.81 Strongly Implemented
3. Concerned police officer is properly informed and that they personally report to the
Police Station to receive the subpoena. 3.77 Strongly Implemented
4. Subpoena is forwarded to the concerned police station where the PNP personnel 3.86 Strongly Implemented
5. Maintain an official logbook where the concerned PNP personnel signs as a
confirmation of receipt of the issued subpoena. 3.77 Strongly Implemented
e-Rouge gallery System
1.The police station provide access to data on criminals to include pictures that are in the
files of police units in the country. 3.90 Strongly Implemented

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e-Warrant System
1. The system automate the issuance of arrest warrants by our courts for a speedier and
more effective service by our law enforcement agents. 3.86 Strongly Implemented

As gleaned in table 4, among the five indicators the However, under the PNP Memorandum Circular
highest has a mean of 3.90 on the e-Rouge Gallery System Number 2014-019, the Test and Evaluation Procedures and
as interpreted Strongly Implemented, while in the Case Guidelines on PNP Internet Connectivity for Voice and Data
Information and Management System particularly on Communications are established to monitor the internet
indicators 1 and 2 has the lowest mean of 3.68 is likewise connection of each PNP office. This is to ensure compliance
interpreted as Strongly Implemented. Hence, the result of to requirements on internet connectivity subject for
the study supports the work of Wright (1978, p. 306), that procurement, evaluation, and/or acceptance by the
technology used in law enforcement aims to facilitate and Philippine National Police. Besides, the conduct of different
provide efficiency in policing and will also lift the test under the Terms Reference of Internet subscription for
perception of the police and changed the character of the Directorate for Information and Communications
traditional policing. Although, in the case of Zambia this Technology Management (DICTM) is provided to support
concept has been very slow with a concentration on internal effective, efficient, and innovative services according to the
police modernization for improved case analysis (Joel, et al., Integrated Transformation Program-Performance
2016). (Manning 1992a; Ericson and Haggerty 1997) argued Governance System (ITP-PGS) or the PNP Peace and Order
that police may only enhance their professional status and Agenda for Transformation and Upholding of the Rule of
organizational legitimacy by adopting the new technologies Law (P.A.T.R.O.L.) Plan 2030 envisions a more
focused on police management, flexibility, and key modes professional, effective, and credible police service by the
of organizing. year 2030 (Command Memorandum Circular 28-13 (PNP
Information and Communications Technology (ICT)
As seen in the result, Koper et al. 2009, relates that e- Management Eligibility).
policing system specifically the PNP e-projects is an
innovative approach not only in crime prevention and  Lack of trained personnel
reduction technology further could result in improving crime In the case of Laoag City Police Station reported that
detection, analysis and investigation. These e-projects these trained personnel were usually reassigned to another
upgrade the PNP’s investigative equipment, installation of unit or station therefore, systems/accounts were not updated
case tracking system, institutionalize the crime reporting on time.
from all PNP units reflecting the true crime situation in real-
time, the implementation enhanced crime reporting system Participants stated that:
in the country. “The programs are progressing, however; the station needs
IT expert or trained personnel to continuously update and
According to Stewart et. Al., 2008, Implementation is monitor the systematic flow of the program accordingly.”
a means of the execution of the law in which stakeholders,
organizations, procedures, and techniques work together to E-Policing applications bring a substantial
put policies into effect to attain goals. improvement to an institution but often face challenges in
implementation and functionality problems with the new
 Problems encountered during the implementation of e- system. One of the major concerns within an organization
Policing by the PNP personnel. implementing technological policing is the lack of technical
The following are the common problems encountered support or a lack of trained personnel. This may not only
by the PNP personnel during the implementation of e- affect the effectiveness of these e-policing programs but will
policing: (a) Intermitted connection and; (b) Lack of trained likely create a negative impact on job satisfaction and
personnel. productivity. Concerning this, frontline implementers are the
focal resources in policy implementation. They need a
 Intermitted Connection commitment to policy objectives and necessary skills in
In this time of modern policing, the internet has using available resources to achieve policy objectives since
become a vital part of policing nowadays. It became a the incompetency of frontlines implementers may lead to
necessity for every institution or organization especially in implementation failure (Mazmanian & Sabatier, 1989).
law enforcement in terms of monitoring, reducing crime but
also for records purposes. However, the PNP personnel  Findings
reported that one of the problems in implementing e- The awareness of the community on e-policing is
policing is the internet connection. Participants reported: perceived as slightly aware specifically of the PNP e-
projects of the Laoag City Police Station. It is deemed that
“The internet connection is weak which causes the delay of CIRAS/e-Blotter is primarily well-observed although the e-
sending reports or encoding data on the database system.” warrant system is the least observe among the five PNP e-
projects.

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