Financial Statements of Banking Companies: © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

Financial Statements of
6 Banking Companies
BASIC CONCEPTS
The banks have to classify their advances into four broad groups (i)
standard assets, (ii) sub-standard assets, (iii) doubtful assets and (iv) loss
assets.
Rates of Provisioning for Non-Performing Assets
Category of Advances Revised Rate
(%)
Standard Advances
(a) direct advances to agricultural and SME 0.25
(b) advances to Commercial Real Estate (CRE) 1.00
Sector
(c) all other loans and advances not included in 0.40
(a) and (b) above
Sub- standard Advances
 Secured Exposures 15
 Unsecured Exposures 25
 Unsecured Exposures in respect of 20
Infrastructure loan accounts where certain
safeguards such as escrow accounts are available.
Doubtful Advances – Unsecured Portion 100
Doubtful Advances – Secured Portion
 For Doubtful upto 1 year 25
 For Doubtful > 1 year and upto 3 years 40
 For Doubtful > 3 years 100
Loss Advances 100
The secured value of an assets is the realizable value of its security and
not its face value or book value.
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

Financial Statements of Banking Companies 6.2
The provisions on standard assets should not be reckoned for arriving

at net NPAs.
The provisions towards Standard Assets need not be netted from
gross advances but shown separately as 'Contingent Provisions against
Standard Assets' under 'Other Liabilities and Provisions Others’ in
Schedule 5 of the balance sheet.
GENERAL
Question 1
Write short notes on Slip system of posting and double voucher system.
Answer
Slip system of posting: Under this system used in banking companies, entries in the
personal ledgers are made directly from vouchers instead of being posted from the day book.
Pay-in-slips (used by the customers at the time of making deposits) and the cheques are used
as slips which form the basis of most of the transactions directly recorded in the accounts of
customers. As the slips are mostly filled by the customers themselves, this system saves a lot
of time and labour of the bank staff. The vouchers entered into different personal ledgers are
summarised on summary sheets every day, totals of which are posted to the different control
accounts which are maintained in the general ledger.
Double voucher system: In a bank, two vouchers are prepared for every transaction not involving
cash—one debit voucher and another credit voucher. This system is called double voucher system. The
vouchers are sent to different clerks who make entries in books under their charge. This is designed to
increase the quality of internal check.
Question 2
What are the restrictions imposed by the Banking Regulations Act, 1949 on payment of
dividend in case of banking companies?
Answer
As per Section 15 of the Banking Regulations Act 1949, a banking company cannot pay
dividend on its shares until all its capitalized expenses including preliminary expenses,
organization expenses, share selling commission, brokerage, amount of losses incurred by
tangible assets and any other item of expenditure not represented by tangible assets are
completely written off. However, as per the Act, it is permissible for a banking company to pay
dividend on its shares without writing off:
(i) The depreciation in the value of its investments in approved securities where such
depreciation has not actually been capitalized or otherwise accounted for as a loss.

6.3 Advanced Accounting
(ii) The depreciation in the value of its investments in shares, debentures or bonds (other than
approved securities) where adequate provision for such deprecation has been made to the
satisfaction of its auditors; and
(iii) The bad debts where adequate provision for such bad debts has been made to the
satisfaction of its auditors.
Question 3
Write short note on Classification of investments by a banking company.
Answer
The investment portfolio of a bank would normally consist of both approved securities
(predominantly government securities) and other securities (shares, debentures, bonds etc.).
Banks are required to classify their entire investment portfolio into three categories:
a. Held-to-maturity: Securities acquired by banks with the intention to hold them upto
maturity should be classified as ‘held-to-maturity’.
b. Held-for-trading: Securities acquired by banks with the intention to trade by taking
advantage of short–term price interest rate movements should be classified as held-for
trading. These investments are to be sold within 90 days.
c. Available-for-sale Securities which do not fall within the above two categories should be
classified as available-for-sale’.
Banks may shift investments to / from held to maturity category with the approval of the Board
of Directors once a year.
Banks may shift investments to / from held for sale category to held for trading category with
the approval of the Board of Directors. In case of exigency if the shift has been approved by
the Chief Executive of the Bank or by the head of ALCO, the same must be ratified by the
Board of Directors.
Shifting of investments from held for trading category to available for sale category is
generally not allowed. However, in case such investments are not sold within the stipulated
time of 90 days due to exceptional circumstances such as tight liquidity conditions in the
market, extreme volatility etc, the same may be shifted to the available for sale category with
the approval of the Board of Directors.
NON-PERFORMING ASSETS AND THEIR PROVISIONING:
Question 4
Write short note on Non-Performing Assets.
Answer
According to the Master Circular of the RBI dated July 1, 2013 an asset, including a leased
asset becomes non performing when it ceases to generate income for the bank.

A non performing asset is a loan or an advance where:

i. Interest and / or installment of principal remain overdue for a period of more than 90 days
in respect of a term loan;
ii. The account remains out of order in respect of an overdraft / cash credit. An account is
deemed to be out of order if the outstanding balance remains continuously in excess of
the sanctioned borrowing power or though where the outstanding balance is less than the
sanctioned borrowing limits there have been no credits in the account for a continuous
period of 90 days prior to the Balance Sheet date or where the credits are not enough to
cover the interest debited during the same period.
iii. The bill remains overdue for a period of more than 90 days in the case the bill was
purchased or discounted;
iv. The installment of principal or interest thereon has remained overdue for two seasons for
short duration crops
v. The installment of principal or interest thereon has remained overdue for one season for
long duration crops
vi. The amount of liquidity facility remains outstanding for more than 90 days in respect of
securitization transaction undertaken in terms of the guidelines on securitization issued
on 1st Feb 2006
vii. The overdue receivables beyond 90 days from the specified date of due payment, such
receivables representing positive market ot market value of a derivative contract
Income from the non-performing assets can only be accounted for as and when it is actually
received.
Necessary provision should be made for non-performing assets after classifying them as sub-
standard, doubtful or loss asset as the case may be.
Question 5
Write short note on Classification of advances in the case of a Banking Company.
Answer
Banks have to classify their advances into four broad groups:
(i) Standard Assets—Standard assets are those which do not disclose any problems and
which do not carry more than normal risk attached to the business. Such an asset is not
a NPA as discussed earlier.
(ii) Sub-standard Assets — Sub-standard asset is one which has been classified as NPA
for a period not exceeding 12 months. In the case of term loans, those where
installments of principal are overdue for period exceeding one year should be treated as
sub-standard. In other words, such an asset will have well-defined credit weaknesses

that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt and are characterized by the distinct possibility
that the bank will sustain some loss, if deficiencies are not corrected.
(iii) Doubtful Assets — A doubtful asset is one which has remained sub-standard for a
period of at least 12 months. A loan classified as doubtful has all the weaknesses
inherent in that classified as sub-standard with added characteristic that the weaknesses
make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently known facts, conditions and
values, highly questionable and improbable.
(iv) Loss Assets — A loss asset is one where loss has been identified by the bank or
internal or external auditors or the RBI inspectors but the amount has not been written
off, wholly or partly. In other words such assets are considered uncollectable or if
collected of such low value that their being shown as bankable assets is not warranted
even though there may be some salvage or recoverable value.
The classification of advances should be done taking into account (i) Degree of well defined
credit weakness and (ii) Extent of dependence on collateral security for the recovery of dues.
The above classification is meant for the purpose of computing the amount of provision to be made
in respect of advances.
Question 6
From the following information find out the amount of provisions required to be made in the
Profit & Loss Account of a commercial bank for the year ended 31st March, 2012:
(i) Packing credit outstanding from Food Processors ` 60 lakhs against which the bank
holds securities worth ` 15 lakhs. 40% of the above advance is covered by ECGC. The
above advance has remained doubtful for more than 3 years.
(ii) Other advances:
Assets classification ` in lakhs
Standard 3,000
Sub-standard 2,200
Doubtful :
For one year 900
For two years 600
For three years 400
For more than 3 years 300
Loss assets 600

Answer
(i) Packing Credit
(` in lakhs)
Amount outstanding (packing credit) 60
Less : Realisable value of securities (15)
45
Less : ECGC cover (40%) (18)
Balance being unsecured portion of packing credits 27
Required provision :
Provision for unsecured portion (100%) 27.0
Provision for secured portion (100%)* 15.0
42.0
(ii) Other advances:
(` in lakhs)
Assets Amount % of Provision
provision
Standard 3,000 0.40 12
Sub-standard 2,200 15 330
Doubtful :
For one year 900 25 225
For two years 600 40 240
For three years 400 40 160
For more than three years 300 100 300
Loss 600 100 600
Required provision 1,867
Note : Sub-standard and Doubtful advances have been assumed as fully secured.
However, in case, the students assume that no security cover is available for these
advances, provision will be made for @ 25% for sub-standard and 100% for doubtful
advances.
Question 7
Bidisha Bank Ltd. had extended the following credit lines to a Small Scale Industry which had
not paid any interest since March, 2006.

Term Loan Export Credit

Balance outstanding on 31.3. 2012 ` 70 Lacs ` 60. Lacs
DICGC/ECGC Cover 50% 40%
Securities held ` 30 Lacs ` 25 Lacs
Realisable value of securities ` 20 Lacs ` 15 Lacs
Compute the necessary provisions to be made for the year ended 31st March, 2012
Answer
Term Loan Export Credit
` in Lacs ` in Lacs
Balance outstanding 70.00 60.00
Less : Realisable value of securities (20.00) (15.00)
50.00 45.00
Less : DICGC/ECGC Cover (25.00) (18.00)
Net unsecured balance 25.00 27.00
Provision in respect of secured portion (100%) 20.00 15.00
Provision for unsecured portion (100%) 25.00 27.00
Provision required 45.00 42.00
Note: Since no interest has been paid since 2006, the entire balance as on 31 st March 2012
can be categorized as doubtful. Hence, provision has to be made at 100% of both the secured
and the unsecured component.
Question 8
Rajatapeeta Bank Ltd. had extended the following credit lines to a Small Scale Industry, which
had not paid any Interest since March, 2006:
Term Loan Export Loan
Balance Outstanding on 31.03. 2012 ` 35 lakhs ` 30 lakhs
DICGC/ECGC cover 40% 50%
Securities held ` 15 lakhs ` 10 lakhs
Realisable value of Securities ` 10 lakhs ` 08 lakhs
Compute necessary provisions to be made for the year ended 31st March, 2012.

Answer
Term loan Export credit
` in lakhs ` in lakhs
Balance outstanding on 31.3. 2012 35.0 30.0
Less: Realisable value of Securities (10.0) (8.0)
25.0 22.0
Less: DICGC cover @ 40% (10.0)
ECGC cover @ 50% ___ (11.0)
Unsecured balance 15.0 11.0
Required Provision:
100% for unsecured portion 15.0 11.0
100% for secured portion 10.0 8.0
Total provision required 25.0 19.0
Note: Since no interest has been paid since 2006, the entire balance as on 31 st March 2012
can be categorized as doubtful. Hence, provision has to be made at 100% of both the secured
and the unsecured component.
Question 9
From the following information find out the amount of provisions to be shown in the Profit and
Loss Account of a Commercial Bank:
Assets (` in lakhs)
Standard 4,000
Sub-standard 2,000
Doubtful upto one year 900
Doubtful upto three years 400
Doubtful more than three years 300
Loss Assets 500
Answer
Computation of provision in the Profit & Loss Account of the Commercial Bank:
Assets Amount % of Provision Provision
(` in lakhs) (` in lakhs)
Standard 4,000 0.40 16
Sub-standard* 2,000 15 300
Doubtful upto one year* 900 25 225

Doubtful upto three years* 400 40 160

Doubtful more than three 300 100 300
years*
Loss 500 100 500
1,501
* Sub-standard and doubtful assets are assumed as fully secured as it is logical for a
commercial bank to cover itself by adequate security in the making of loans and advances in
the ordinary course of business.
Question 10
From the following information, compute the amount of provisions to be made in the Profit and
Loss Account of a Commercial bank:
Assets ` in lakhs
(i) Standard (Value of security ` 6,000 lakhs) 7,000
(ii) Sub-standard 3,000
(iii) Doubtful
(a) Doubtful for less than one year 1,000
(Realisable value of security ` 500 lakhs)
(b) Doubtful for more than one year, but less than 3 years 500
(Realisable value of security ` 300 lakhs)
(c) Doubtful for more than 3 years (No security) 300
Answer
Statement showing Provisions on various performing and non-performing assets
Amount % of Provision
` in lakhs provision ` in lakhs
Standard 7,000 0.40 28
Doubtful (less than one year)
On secured portion 500 25 125
On unsecured portion 500 100 500
Doubtful (more than one year but less than three
years)
On secured portion 300 40 120
On unsecured portion 200 100 200
Doubtful Unsecured (more than three years) 300 100 300
Total provision 1,723

Question 11
From the following information of details of advances of X Bank Limited calculate the amount
of provisions to be made in profit and loss account for the year ended 31.3. 2012:
Asset classification ` in lakhs
Standard 6,000
Sub-standard 4,400
Doubtful:
For one year 1,800
For two years 1,200
For three years 800
For more than three years 600
Loss assets 1,600
Answer
Statement showing provisions on various performing and non-performing assets
Asset Classification Amount Provision Amount of Provision
` in lakhs % ` in lakhs
Standard 6,000 0.40 24

Doubtful**
One year 1,800 25 450
2 years 1,200 40 480
3 years 800 40 320
More than 3 years 600 100 600
Loss assets 1,600 100 1,600
4,134
Note: All assets have been considered as fully secured.
Question 12
Find out the income to be recognised at Good Bank Limited for the year ended 31.3.2012 in
respect of Interest on advances (` in lakhs) as detailed below:

Sub standard and doubtful assets have been treated as fully secured.

Performing Assets N.P.A.

Interest Interest Interest Interest
earned received earned received
Term loan 240 160 150 10
Cash credits and overdrafts 1,500 1,240 300 24
Bills purchased and discounted 300 300 100 40
Answer
Interest on performing assets to be recognized on accrual basis, but interest on Non-
performing asset should be recognized on Cash Basis.
` in lakhs
Interest on Term Loan (240 + 10) 250
Cash Credits and Over Drafts (1500 + 24) 1,524
Bills Purchases and Discounted (300 + 40) 340
Total Interest to be recognized 2,114
Note: The recognition of income in respect of NPAs on actual receipt is as per clause 3 of the
Master Circular of the RBI on the subject dated 1st July 2013
Question 13
Mention the condition when a cash credit overdraft account is treated as ‘out of order’.
Answer
A cash credit overdraft account is treated as NPA if it remains out of order for a period of more than
90 days. An account is treated as 'out of order' if any of the following conditions is satisfied:
(a) The outstanding balance remains continuously in excess of the sanctioned limit/drawing power.
(b) Though the outstanding balance is less than the sanctioned limit/drawing power –
(i) there are no credits continuously for more than 90 days as on the date of balance sheet; or
(ii) credits during the aforesaid period are not enough to cover the interest debited
during the same period.
Question 14
From the following information of details of advances of Zenith Bank Ltd., calculate the
amount of provisions to be made in Profit and Loss Account for the year ended on
31-3- 2012:
Assets classification (`in lakhs)
Standard 10,000
Sub-standard 6,400

Doubtful:
for one year 3,200
for two years 1,800
for three years 900
for more than three years 1,100
Loss assets 3,000
Answer
Statement showing provisions on various performing and non performing assets of
Zenith Bank Ltd.
Assets classification Amount Provision Amount of
(` in lakhs) (%) provision
(` in lakhs)
Standard 10,000 0.40 40
Doubtful:
for one year 3,200 25 800
for two years 1,800 40 720
for three years 900 40 360
for more than 3 years 1,100 100 1,100
Loss assets 3,000 100 3,000
Total 6,980
Note: It is assumed that sub-standard assets and all doubtful assets are fully secured.
Question 15
From the following information, compute the amount of provisions to be made in the Profit and
Loss Account of a Commercial Bank for the year ending on 31-03-2012.
Assets (Category of Advances) ` in Lakhs
Standard Advances 7,000
Sub-standard Advances 3,500
(Include secured exposures ` 1,000 Lakhs and balances unsecured exposures ` 2,500
Lakhs includes ` 1,500 Lakhs in respect of infrastructure loan accounts where escrow
accounts are available)
Doubtful advances- unsecured portion 1,500
Doubtful advances- secured portion

For doubtful up to 1 year 500

For doubtful more than 1 year and up to 3 years 600
For doubtful more than 3 years 300
Loss Advances 200
Answer
Statement showing the amount of provisions on Assets:
(` in lakhs)
Assets Amount % of Provision
provision
Standard 7,000 0.40 28
Sub-standard:
Secured 1,000 15 150
Other unsecured 1,000 25 250
Unsecured infrastructure 1500 20 300
Doubtful:
up to one year 500 25 125
up to 3 years 600 40 240
For more than three years 300 100 300
Doubtful unsecured 1,500 100 1,500
Loss 200 100 200
Required provision 3,093
Question 16
A loan account remains out of order as on the date of Balance Sheet of a Bank. The account
has been classified as doubtful assets (upto 1 year).
Details of the accounts are :
Outstanding ` 6,73,000
ECGC coverage 25% (Limited to ` 1,00,000)
Value of security held ` 1,50,000
Compute the necessary provision to be made by a Bank as per applicable rates.
Answer
`
Doubtful Assets (upto 1 year) 6,73,000
Less: Value of security (excluding ECGC cover) (1,50,000)
5,23,000
Less: ECGC coverage (limited to ` 1,00,000) (1,00,000)
Unsecured portion 4,23,000

Provision:
for unsecured portion @100% on ` 4,23,000 4,23,000
for secured portion @ 25% on ` 1,50,000 37,500
Total provision to be made in the books of the bank 4,60,500
Question 17
From the following information of STP Bank Ltd. pertaining to the financial year 2012-13, compute
the provisions to be made in the Profit and Loss Account:
` in lakh
Assets
Standard 30,000
Sub-standard 20,000
Doubtful:
For one year (secured) 8,000
For two years and three years (secured) 2,500
For more than three years (secured by mortgage of
Plant & Machinery ` 500 lakh) 2,000
Loss Assets 1,700
Answer
Calculation of amount of provision to be made in the Profit and Loss Account
Classification of Assets Amount of % age of Amount of
Advances provision provision
(` in lakhs) % (` in lakhs)
Standard assets 30,000 0.40 120
Sub-standard assets * 20,000 15 3,000
Doubtful assets:
For one year (secured) 8,000 25 2,000
For two to three years (secured) 2,500 40 1,000
For more than three years: unsecured 1,500 100 1,500
secured 500 100 500
Loss Assets 1,700 100 1,700
Total provision required 9,820
*Considered as fully secured.

Question 18
A loan account remains out of order as on the date of Balance Sheet of a Bank. The account
has been classified as doubtful assets (up to 3 years). Detail of the account is:
Outstanding ` 7,24,000
ECGC Cover 30% of outstanding (Subject to
maximum of ` 1,50,000)
Value of security
As per valuation on the date of grant of loan 2,25,000
As per realizable value as on date of Balance Sheet 1,75,000
Compute the necessary provision to be made by bank as per applicable rate.
Answer
Computation of provision to be made by a Bank
`
Outstanding Value of Doubtful Asset (up to 3 years) 7,24,000
Less :Value of security (excluding ECGC cover) (` 1,75,000)
Sub Total ` 5,49,000
Less :ECGC Cover (subject to ` 1,50,000 maximum) (` 1,50,000)
Unsecured Portion ` 3,99,000
Provision:
For unsecured portion @ 100% of ` 3,99,000 ` 3,99,000
For secured portion @ 40% of ` 1,75,000 ` 70,000
Total Provision ` 4,69,000
Question 19
Find out the income to be recognised by ABC Bank Ltd. for the year ended 31 st March, 2014 in
respect of interest on advances [` in Lakhs] as detailed below:.
Performing Asset N.P.A.
Interest Interest Interest Interest
earned received earned received
Terms Loan 280 180 170 20
Cash credits and overdrafts 1700 1630 310 48
Bills purchased and discounted 400 400 180 70

Answer
In case of a banking company, interest on performing assets to be recognised on accrual
basis, but interest on Non-Performing assets should be recognised on cash basis.
` in Lakhs
Interest on Term Loan (280+20) 300
Cash Credits and Over Drafts (1700+48) 1748
Bills Purchases and Discounted (400+70) 470
Total Interest to be recognised 2518
REBATE ON BILLS DISCOUNTED
Question 20
The following particulars are extracted from the (Trial Balance) Books of the M/s Commercial
Bank Ltd. for the year ending 31st March, 2013:
`
(i) Interest and Discounts 1,96,62,400
(ii) Rebate on Bills Discounted (balance on 1.4. 2012) 65,040
(iii) Bills Discounted and purchased 10,67,45,400
It is ascertained that proportionate discount not yet earned on the Bills Discounted which will
mature during 2013 - 2014 amounted to ` 92,760.
Pass the necessary Journal entries with narration adjusting the above and show:
(a) Rebate on Bill Discounted Account; and
(b) Interest and Discount Account in the ledger of the Bank.
Answer
The Commercial Bank Ltd.
Journal Entries
Date Dr. Cr.
2013 ` `
March 31 Rebate on Bills Discounted A/c Dr. 65,040
To Interest and Discount A/c 65,040
(Being the amount of provision for unexpired
discount brought forward from the previous year
credited to Interest and Discount A/c)
March 31 Interest and Discount A/c Dr. 92,760

To Rebate on Bills Discounted A/c 92,760

(Being provision for unexpired discount required at
the end of the current year)
March 31 Interest and Discount A/c Dr. 1,96,34,680
To Profit & Loss A/c 1,96,34,680
(Being transfer of closing balance to Profit and Loss
A/c)
(a) Rebate on Bills Discounted Account
2013 ` `.
March 31 To Interest and April 1 By Balance b/d 65,040
Discount A/c 65,040
2012
2013 March 31 By Interest and Discount
March 31 To Balance c/d 92,760 A/c (rebate required) 92,760
1,57,800 1,57,800
(b) Interest and Discount Account

2013 ` `
March 31 To Rebate on Bills April 1 By Rebate on Bills
Discounted A/c 92,760 2012 Discounted A/c
(opening balance) 65,040
March 31 To Profit & Loss March 31 By Cash and
A/c (transfer) 1,96,34,680 Sundries 1,96,62,400
1,97,27,440 1,97,27,440
Question 21
From the following details, prepare bills for collection (Asset) Account and Bills for collection
(Liability) Account:
`
On 1.4. 2012, Bills for Collection were 51,00,000
During the year 2012-13 Bills received for Collection amounted to 75,00,000
Bill collected during the year 2012-13 98,47,000
Bill dishonoured and returned during the year 27,10,000

Answer
Bills for collection (Asset) Account
` `
1.4. 2012 To Balance b/d 51,00,000 2012-13 By Bills for collection
(Liability) A/c 98,47,000
2012-13 To Bills for 75,00,000 By Bills for collection
collection (Liability) A/c 27,10,000
(dishonored bills)
31.3. 2013 By Balance c/d 43,000
1,26,00,000 1,26,00,000
1.4. 2013 To Balance b/d 43,000
Bills for collection (Liability) Account
2012-13 To Bills for collection 1.4. 2012 By Balance b/d 51,00,000
(Asset) A/c 98,47,000 2012-13
By Bills for collection
To Bills for collection (Asset) A/c 75,00,000
(Asset) A/c 27,10,000
31.3. 2013 To Balance c/d 43,000
1,26,00,000 1,26,00,000
1.4. 2013 By Balance b/d 43,000
Question 22
The following is an extract from the Trial Balance of Dream Bank Ltd. as at 31st March, 2013:
Rebate on bills discounted as on 1-4- 2012 68,259 (Cr.)
Discount received 1,70,156 (Cr.)
Analysis of the bills discounted reveals as follows:
Amount (`) Due date
2,80,000 June 1, 2013
8,72,000 June 8, 2013
5,64,000 June 21, 2013
8,12,000 July 1, 2013
6,00,000 July 5, 2013
You are required to find out the amount of discount to be credited to Profit and Loss account
for the year ending 31st March, 2013 and pass Journal Entries. The rate of discount may be
taken at 10% per annum.

Answer
The amount of rebate on bills discounted as on 31st March, 2013 the period which has not
been expired upto that day will be calculated as follows:
Discount on ` 2,80,000 for 62 days @ 10% 4,756
Total 70,159
Note: The due date of the bills discounted is included in the number of days above.
The amount of discount to be credited to the profit and loss account will be:
`
Transfer from rebate on bills discounted as on 31.03. 2012 68,259
Add: Discount received during the year 1,70,156
2,38,415
Less: Rebate on bills discounted as on 31.03. 2013 (as above) (70,159)
1,68,256
Journal Entries
` `
Rebate on bills discounted A/c Dr. 68,259
To Discount on bills A/c 68,259
(Transfer of opening unexpired discount on 31.03. 2012)
Discount on bills A/c Dr. 70,159
To Rebate on bills discounted 70,159
(Unexpired discount on 31.03. 2013 taken into account)
Discount on Bills A/c Dr. 1,68,256
To P & L A/c 1,68,526
(Discount earned in the year, transferred to P&L A/c)
Question 23
As on 31st March 2012, Strong Bank Ltd. has a balance of ` 27 crores in “rebate on bills
discounted” account. The bank provides you the following further information:

(1) During the financial year ending 31st March 2013, Strong Bank Ltd. discounted bills of
exchange of ` 4,000 crores charging interest @ 15% p.a. and the average period of
discount being 146 days.
(2) Bills of exchange of ` 600 crores were due for realization from the acceptors/customers after
31st March 2013, the average period outstanding after 31st March 2013, being 73 days.
You are required to pass necessary journal entries in the books of Strong Bank Ltd. for the
above transactions.
Answer
In the books of Strong Bank Ltd.
Journal Entries
Particulars Debit Credit
(`) (`)
Rebate on bills discounted A/c Dr. 27
To Discount on bills A/c 27
(Being the transfer of opening balance in ‘Rebate on bills
discounted A/c’ to ‘Discount on bills A/c’)
Bills purchased and discounted A/c Dr. 4,000
To Discount on bills A/c 240
To Clients A/c 3,760
(Being the discounting of bills of exchange during the year)
Discount on bills A/c Dr. 18
To Rebate on bills discounted A/c 18
(Being the unexpired portion of discount in respect of the
discounted bills of exchange carried forward)
Discount on bills A/c Dr. 249
To Profit and Loss A/c 249
(Being the amount of income for the year from discounting of bills
of exchange transferred to Profit and loss A/c)
Working Notes:
1. Discount received on the bills discounted during the year
15 146
` 4,000 crores   = ` 240 crores
100 365
2. Calculation of rebate on bill discounted
15 73
` 600 crores   = ` 18 crores
100 365

(It is assumed that discounting rate of 15% is used for the bill of ` 600 crores also)
3. Income from bills discounted transferred to Profit and Loss A/c would be calculated by
preparing Discount on bills A/c
Discount on bills A/c
` in crores
Date Particulars Amount Date Particulars Amount
31 March 2013 To Rebate on bills 18 1st April, By Rebate on bills 27
discounted 2012 discounted b/f
” To Profit and Loss 2012-13 By Bills purchased
A/c (Bal. Fig.) 249 and discounted 240
267 267
Question 24
The following facts have been taken out from the records of Dee Bank Ltd. as on
31st March,2011:
Dr. (`) Cr. (`)
Rebate on bills discounted (not due on March 31st, 2010) 45,800
Discount received 2,02,500
Bills discounted 12,25,000
An analysis of the bills discounted is as follows:

Amount Due date Rate of discount
`
(i) 3,75,000 April 8 12%
(ii) 1,50,000 May 5 14%
(iii) 2,20,000 June 12 14%
(iv) 4,80,000 July 15 15%
You are required to:-
(i) Calculate rebate on bills discounted as on 31st March, 2011.
(ii) The amount of discount to be credited to the profit and loss account.
(iii) Show necessary journal entries in the books of Dee Bank Ltd. as on 31 st March, 2011.

Answer
(i) Calculation of Rebate on bills discounted
Amount Due date Unexpired portion from Rate of Rebate on bills

S.No.
(`) (year 2011) 31st March, 2011 discount discounted (`)
(i) 3,75,000 April 8 8 days 12% 986
(ii) 1,50,000 May 5 35 days 14% 2,014
(iii) 2,20,000 June 12 73 days 14% 6,160
(iv) 4,80,000 July 15 106 days 15% 20,910
12,25,000 30,070
(ii) Amount of discount to be credited to the Profit and Loss Account
`
Transfer from Rebate on bills discounted A/c as on 31st March, 2010 45,800
Add: Discount received during the year ended 31st March, 2011 2,02,500
2,48,300
Less: Rebate on bills discounted as on 31st March, 2011 (30,070)
Discount credited to Profit and Loss Account 2,18,230
(iii) In the books of Dee Bank Ltd.
Journal Entries
Particulars Dr. (`) Cr. (`)
(1) Rebate on bills discounted A/c Dr. 45,800
To Discount on bills A/c 45,800
(Being the transfer of opening balance of rebate on bills
discounted account to discount on bills account)
(2) Discount on bills A/c Dr. 30,070
To Rebate on bills discounted A/c 30,070
(Being the unexpired portion of discount in respect of the
discounted bills of exchange carried forward)
(3) Discount on bills A/c Dr. 2,18,230
To Profit and Loss A/c 2,18,230
(Being the amount of income for the year transferred from
Discount on bills A/c to Profit and Loss A/c)

Question 25
Given below is an extract from the trial balance of T.K. Bank Limited as on
31st December, 2012:
Particulars Debit Credit

` `
Bills discounted 12,64,000 ----
Rebate on bills discounted (1.1. 2012) ---- 8,340
Discount received for the year 85,912
An analysis of the bills discounted is shown below:
Amount Due date in 2013 Rate of discount
` (% p.a.)
1,40,000 March 6th 5
4,36,000 March 12th 4.5
2,82,000 March 26th 6
4,06,000 April 6th 4
Show the workings, how the relevant items will appear in the bank’s Profit and Loss account as on
31st December, 2012 and in bank’s Balance Sheet as on 31st December, 2012.
Answer
Profit & Loss Account (an extract)
for the period ending 31.12. 2012
`
Transfer from ‘Rebate on bills discounted account’ (01.01. 2012) 8,340
Add: Discount for the year 2012 85,912
94,252
Less: Rebate on bills discounted carried forward to the year 2013 (13,274)
80,978
Balance Sheet (an extract) as on 31.12. 2012
`
Other liabilities & provisions:
Rebate on bills discounted 13,274

Working Note:
Statement of rebate on bills discounted as on 31.12. 2012
Due date Amount (`) No. of days Rate of Discount of the

after 31.12.2012 discount (%) unexpired period
March 6th 1,40,000 65 5 1,247
March 12th 4,36,000 71 4.5 3,816
March 26th 2,82,000 85 6 3,940
April 6th 4,06,000 96 4 4,271
Total rebate on bills discounted to be carried forward 13,274
CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO
Question 26
A Commercial Bank has the following capital funds and assets. Segregate the capital funds
into Tier I and Tier II capitals. Find out the risk adjusted asset and risk weighted assets ratio.
(` in crores)
Equity share capital 500.00
Statutory reserve 270.00
Capital reserve (of which ` 16 crores were due to revaluation of assets 78.00
and the balance due to sale of capital asset)
Assets:
Cash balance with RBI 10.00
Balance with other banks 18.00
Other investments 36.00
Loans and advances:
(i) Guaranteed by the Government 16.50
(ii) Others 5,675.00
Premises, furniture and fixtures 78.00
Off-Balance Sheet items:
(i) Guarantee and other obligations 800.00
(ii) Acceptances, endorsements and letter of credit 4,800.00

Answer
` in crores ` in crores
(i) Capital funds – Tier I
Equity share capital 500
Statutory reserve 270
Capital reserve (arising out of sale of assets) (78-16) 62
832
Capital funds – Tier II
Capital reserve (arising out of revaluation of assets) 16
Less: Discount to the extent of 55% (8.8) 7.2
839.2
` in crores % of weight ` in crores

(ii) Risk Adjusted Assets
Funded Risk Assets
Cash balance with RBI 10 0 0
Balance with other banks 18 20 3.60
Other investments 36 102.5 36.90
Loans and advances:
(i) Guaranteed by the government 16.5 0 0
(ii) Others 5,675 100 5,675
Premises, furniture and fixtures 78 100 78
5,793.50
` in crores Credit
conversion
factor
Off-Balance Sheet items:
Guarantees and other obligations 800 100 800
Acceptances, endorsements and letters of
credit 4,800 100 4,800
11,393.50

Risk Weighted Assets Ratio:

Capital fund 100
Risk adjusted assets
(839.2/ 11,393.50) x 100 =7.37%
At present, capital adequacy ratio as per RBI norms is 9%. Therefore, Bank has to improve the
ratio by introducing further Tier I capital.
Note: As per RBI Master Guidelines dated 1st July 2013, Revaluation Reserves have been
advised to be discounted by 55%
PROFIT & LOSS ACCOUNT
Question 27
From the following information, prepare Profit and Loss Account of Zed Bank Ltd. for the year
ended 31.3. 2013:
(` in ’000)
Interest and Discount 8,860
(Includes interest accrued on investments)
Other Income 220
Interest expended 2,720
Operating expenses 2,830
Interest accrued on Investments 10
Additional Information:
(a) Rebate on bills discounted to be provided for 30
(b) Classification of Advances:
(i) Standard assets 4,000
(ii) Sub-standard assets 2,240
(iii) Doubtful assets(fully unsecured) 390
(iv) Doubtful assets – covered fully by security
Less than 1 year 100
More than 1 year, but less than 3 years 600
More than 3 years 600
(v) Loss assets 376
(c) Provide 35% of the profit towards provision for taxation.
(d) Transfer 25% of the profit to Statutory Reserve.

Answer
ZED Bank Ltd.
Profit and Loss Account for the year ended 31st March, 2013
(` in ’000)
Particulars Schedule Year ended on 31st March,
No. 2013
I. Income
Interest earned (W.N. 1) 13 8,830
Other income 14 220
Total 9,050
II. Expenditure
Interest expended 15 2,720
Operating expenses 16 2,830
Provisions and contingencies (W.N. 4) 2,513.95
Total 8,063.95
III. Profit/Loss
Net profit/(loss) for the year 986.05
Profit/(loss) brought forward Nil
Total 986.05
IV. Appropriations
Transfer to statutory reserve @ 25% 246.51
Balance carried to balance sheet 739.54
Total 986.05
Working Notes:
1. Schedule 13 – Interest Earned
(` ’000s)
(i) Interest and discount 8,860
Less: Rebate on bills discounted not provided (30)
Interest accrued on investments (10) 8,820
(ii) Interest accrued on investments 10
8,830
Note: Interest accrued on investments to be shown separately under Interest Earned.

2. Calculation of Provisions and Contingencies

Assets Amount % of Provision Provision
(` in ’000) (` in ’000)
Standard assets 4,000 0.40 16
Sub-standard assets* 2,240 15 336
Doubtful assets (unsecured) 390 100 390
Doubtful assets – covered by security
Less than 1 year 100 25 25
More than 1 year but less than 3 years 600 40 240
More than 3 years 600 100 600
Loss assets 376 100 376
Total provision 8,306 1,983
*Note: It is assumed that sub-standard assets are fully secured.
3. Calculation of provision on tax = 35% (Total income – Total expenditure)
= 35% of ` [(9,050 – (2,720 + 2,830 + 1,983)]
= 35% of ` 1,517
= ` 530.95
4. Total provisions and contingencies = ` 1,983 + ` 530.95 = ` 2,513.95.
Question 28
The following are the figures extracted from the books of New Generation Bank Limited as on
31.3. 2013.
`
Interest and discount received 37,05,738
Interest paid on deposits 20,37,452
Issued and subscribed capital 10,00,000
Salaries and allowances 2,00,000
Directors fee and allowances 30,000
Rent and taxes paid 90,000
Postage and telegrams 60,286
Statutory reserve fund 8,00,000
Commission, exchange and brokerage 1,90,000
Rent received 65,000

Profit on sale of investments 2,00,000

Depreciation on bank’s properties 30,000
Statutory expenses 40,000
Preliminary expenses 25,000
Auditor’s fee 5,000
The following further information is given:

(i) A customer to whom a sum of ` 10 lakhs has been advanced has become insolvent and
it is expected only 50% can be recovered from his estate.
(ii) There were also other debts for which a provision of ` 1,50,000 was found necessary by
the auditors.
(iii) Rebate on bills discounted on 31.3. 2012 was ` 12,000 and on 31.3. 2013 was ` 16,000.
(iv) Provide ` 6,50,000 for Income-tax.
(v) The directors desire to declare 10% dividend.
Prepare the Profit and Loss account of New Generation Bank Limited for the year ended 31.3.
2013 and also show, how the Profit and Loss account will appear in the Balance Sheet, if the
Profit and Loss account opening balance was Nil as on 31.3. 2012.
Answer
New Generation Bank Limited
Schedule Year ended
31.03. 2013
(` in ‘000s)
I. Income:
Interest earned 13 3,701.74
Other income 14 455.00
Total 4,156.74
II. Expenditure
Interest expended 15 2,037.45
Operating expenses 16 480.29
Provisions and contingencies (500 + 150 + 650) 1,300.00
Total 3,817.74
IIII. Profits/Losses
Net profit for the year 339.00

Profit brought forward Nil

339.00
IV. Appropriations
Transfer to statutory reserve (25%) 84.75
Proposed dividend 100.00
Balance carried over to balance sheet 154.25
339.00
The Profit & Loss Account balance of `154.25 thousand will appear in the Balance Sheet
under the head ‘Reserves and Surplus’ in Schedule 2.
Year ended
31.3. 2013
(` in ‘000s)
Schedule 13 – Interest Earned
I. Interest/discount on advances/bills (Refer W.N.) 3,701.74
3,701.74
Schedule 14 – Other Income
I. Commission, exchange and brokerage 190.00
II. Profit on sale of investments 200.00
III. Rent received 65.00
455.00
Schedule 15 – Interest Expended
I. Interests paid on deposits 2,037.45
2,037.45
Schedule 16 – Operating Expenses
I. Payment to and provisions for employees 200.00
II. Rent, taxes and lighting 90.00
III. Depreciation on bank’s properties 30.00
IV. Director’s fee, allowances and expenses 30.00
V. Auditors’ fee 5.00
VI. Law (statutory) charges 40.00
VII. Postage and telegrams 60.29
VIII. Preliminary expenses 25.00*
480.29
*It is assumed that preliminary expenses have been fully written off during the year.

Working Note:
(` in ‘000s)
Interest/discount (net of rebate on bills discounted) 3,705.74
Add: Rebate on bills discounted on 31.3. 2012 12.00
Less: Rebate on bills discounted on 31.3. 2013 (16.00)
3701.74
Question 29
Following information is furnished to you by Sound Bank Ltd. for the year ended 31st March, 2013
(` in thousands)
Interest and discount - (Income) 8,860
Interest on public deposits – (Expenditure) 2,720
Operating expenses 2,662
Other incomes 250
Provisions and contingencies (it includes provision in respect of Non- 2,004
performing Assets (NPAs) and tax provisions)
Rebate on bills discounted to be provided for as on 31.3. 2013 30
Classification of Advances:
Standard Assets 5,000
Sub-standard Assets 1,120
Doubtful Assets – fully unsecured 200
Doubtful assets – fully secured
Less than 1 year 50
More than 1 year but less than 3 years 300
More than 3 years 300
Loss assets 200
You are required to prepare:

(i) Profit and Loss Account of the Bank for the year ended 31st March, 2013.
(ii) Provision in respect of advances.

Answer
Sound Bank Ltd.
Schedule No. (` in thousands)

Income: Interest and Discount (8,860 – 30) 13 8,830
Other income 14 250
9,080
Expenditure: Interest expenses 15 2,720
Operating expenses 16 2,662
Provision and Contingencies 2,004
7,386
Net Profit/Loss for the year 1,694
Assets Value % of provision Provision

Standard Assets 5,000 0.40 20.00
Sub-standard Assets 1,120 15 168.00
Doubtful Assets
100% unsecured 200 100 200.00
Secured:
Less than 1 year 50 25 12.50
More than 1 year but less than 3 years 300 40 120.00
More than 3 years 300 100 300.00
Loss Assets 200 100 200.00
Total Provision 1,020.50
Question 30
From the following information, you are required to prepare Profit and Loss Account of Zee
Bank Ltd., for the year ending 31st March, 2013 :
` `
Interest and Discount 44,00,000 Interest Expended 13,60,000
Other Income 1,25,000 Operating Expenses 13,31,000
Income on investments 5,000 Interest on balance with RBI 25,000

Sub-standards assets are assumed to be fully secured.

Additional information :
(a) Rebate on bills discounted to be provided for ` 15,000
(b) Classification of advances:
`
Standard Assets 25,00,000
Sub-standard Assets 5,60,000
Doubtful Assets not covered by security 2,55,000
Doubtful Assets covered by security
For 1 year 25,000
For 2 year 50,000
For 3 year 1,00,000
For 4 year 75,000
Loss Assets 1,00,000
(c) Make Tax Provision @ 35 %
(d) Profit and Loss A/c (Cr.) ` 40,000.
Give schedule relating to Interest earned only.
Answer
Form ‘B’
Zee Bank Ltd.
Profit & Loss Account for the year ended 31st March, 2013
Particulars Schedule Year ended 31st
No. March, 2013
I. Income:
Interest Earned 13 44,15,000
Other Income 14 1,25,000
Total 45,40,000
II. Expenditure
Interest Expended 15 13,60,000
Operating Expense 16 13,31,000
Provisions and Contingencies (W.N.3) 10,30,813
Total 37,21,813
III. Profit/Loss
Net profit for the year 8,18,187
Profit brought forward 40,000
Total 8,58,187

IV. Appropriations:
Transfer to Statutory Reserve @ 25% on 2,04,547
` 8,18,187
Balance carried forward to Balance Sheet 6,53,640
Total 8,58,187
Schedule 13: Interest Earned
Particulars `
Interest and discount 44,00,000
Income on Investments 5,000
Interest on balance with RBI 25,000
Total 44,30,000
Less: Rebate on bills discount (15,000)
44,15,000
Working Notes:
1. Provisions for NPA
Particulars Amount % of Provision
Provisions
Standard Assets 25,00,000 0.40 10,000
Sub-Standard Assets 5,60,000 15 84,000
Doubtful assets not covered by security 2,55,000 100 2,55,000
For 1 year 25,000 25 6,250
For 2 years 50,000 40 20,000
For 3 years 1,00,000 40 40,000
For 4 years 75,000 100 75,000
Loss Assets 1,00,000 100 1,00,000
5,90,250
2. Calculation of Tax
Tax = 35% of [Total income – Total expenditure (excluding tax)].
Tax = 35% of [44,15,000 + 1,25,000 – (13,60,000 + 13,31,000 + 5,90,250)]
Tax = ` 4,40,563

It is assumed that the all sub-standard assets are fully secured.

3. Total amount of provisions and contingencies

= Provision for NPA + Provision for Tax + Rebate on bills discounted
= 5,90,250 + 4,40,563 = ` 10,30,813
Question 31
From the following information, calculate the amount of Provisions and Contingencies and
prepare Profit and Loss Account of ‘Hamara Bank Limited’ for the year ending
31st March, 2013:
` in lakhs ` in lakhs
Interest and discount 4,430 Interest expended 1,360
Other Income 125 Operating Expenses 1,331
Interest accrued on Investments 10
` in lakhs
(i) Rebate on bills discounted to be provided for 15
(ii) Classifications of Advances:
Standard Assets 2,500
Sub-Standard Assets 560
Doubtful Assets not covered by security 255
For 1 year 25
For 2 years 50
For 3 years 100
For 4 years 75
Loss Assets 100
(iii) Make tax provisions @ 35% of the profit.
(iv) Profit and Loss Account (Cr.) brought forward from the previous year 40
Answer
(a) Calculation of Provisions and Contingencies
(i) Provision on Non-Performing Assets
`in lakhs
Particulars Amount % of Provision Provision
Standard Assets 2,500 0.4 10
Sub-standard Assets 560 15 84
Doubtful Assets not covered by security 255 100 255

Doubtful Assets covered by security:

For 1 Year 25 25 6.25
For 2 Years 50 40 20
For 3 Years 100 40 40
For 4 Years 75 100 75
Loss Assets 100 100 100
3,665 590.25
Note: It is assumed that all sub standards assets are fully secured.
(ii) Calculation of Provision for tax = 35% of [Total Income – Total Expenditure (excluding
tax)]
= 35% of [(4,425+125) – (1,360+1,331+590.25)] = ` 444.06 lakhs
Total Provisions and contingencies = Provisions on NPAs + Provisions for tax
= 590.25 + 444.06 = ` 1,034.31 lakhs
Hamara Bank Limited
Particulars Schedule No. ` in lakhs
I Income
Interest Earned 13 4,425
Other Income 125
4,550
II Expenditures
Interest Expended 1,360
Operating Expenses 1,331
Provisions & Contingencies 1,034.31
3,725.31
III Profit/Loss
Net Profit/Loss for the year 824.69
Profit/Loss brought forward 40
864.69
IV Appropriations
Transfer to Statutory Reserve @ 25% of 824.69 206.17
Transfer to Other Reserves -
Balance carried over to Balance Sheet 658.52
864.69

Schedule 13 – Interest earned

I Interest & Discount (4,430 – 15) 4,415
II Income on Investments 10
4,425
Question 32
From the following information prepare the Profit & Loss Account of Jawahar Bank Limited for
the year ended 31st March, 2013. Also give necessary Schedules.
Figures are in ` thousands
Interest earned on term loans 17.26
Interest earned on term loans classified as NPA 4.52
Interest received on term loans classified as NPA 2.04
Interest on cash credits and overdrafts 38.54
Interest earned but not received on cash credit and
overdraft treated as NPA 8.39
Interest on deposits 27.20
Commission 1.97
Profit on sale of investments 11.76
Profit on revaluation of investments 2.76
Income from investments 15.53
Salaries, bonus and allowances 18.75
Rent, taxes and lighting 1.70
Printing and stationary 0.75
Director’s fees, allowances expenses 1.33
Law charges 0.22
Repairs and maintenance 0.18
Insurance 0.30
Other information:
Make necessary provision on risk assets:
(i) Sub-standard 15.00
(ii) Doubtful for one year 7.00
(iii) Doubtful for two years 2.40
(iv) Loss assets 0.65
Investments 3700

Bank should not keep more than 25% of its investments as ‘held-for-maturity’ investment. The
market value of its best 75% investments is ` 9,00,000 as on 31st March, 2013.
Answer
Jawahar Bank Limited
Profit & Loss Account for the year ended 31st March, 2013
Schedule ` ’000s
I. Income
Interest earned 13 60.46
Other income 14 16.49
Total 76.95
II. Expenditure
Interest expended 15 27.20
Operating expenses 16 23.23
Provisions & contingencies (Refer W.N.) 1,880.61
Total 1,931.04
III. Profit/Loss (1,854.09)
IV. Appropriations Nil
` ’000s
Interest / discount on advances bills
Interest on term loans [17.26- (4.52-2.04)] 14.78
Interest on cash credits and overdrafts (38.54-8.39) 30.15
Income on investments 15.53
60.46
Note : Interest on non-performing assets is recognized on receipt basis.
` ’000s
Commission, exchange and brokerage 1.97
Profit on sale of investments 11.76
Profit on revaluation of investments 2.76
16.49
` ’000s
Interest on deposits 27.20


` ’000s
Payments to and provision for employees - salaries, bonus and 18.75
allowances
Rent, taxes and lighting 1.70
Printing & stationery 0.75
Director’s fee, allowances and expenses 1.33
Law charges 0.22
Repairs & maintenance 0.18
Insurance 0.30
23.23
Working Note:
Provisions & Contingencies ` ’000s
Provision for non-performing assets
Sub-standard (15 x 15%) 2.25
Doubtful for one year (7 x 25%) 1.75
Doubtful for two years (2.40 x 40%) 0.96
Loss assets (0.65 x 100%) 0.65
5.61
Diminution in the value of current Investments:
Cost 75% of ` 3,700 thousands 2,775
Less: Market value (900) 1,875.00
1,880.61
Note: 1. It is assumed that all sub-standard and doubtful assets are fully secured.
2. As per RBI norms, provision of 0.40% should also be made on standard assets.
However, in the absence of value of standard assets, in the question, no provision
has been made on it.
BALANCE SHEET
Question 33
How will you disclose the following Ledger balances in the Final accounts of DVD bank:
` in lacs
Current accounts 700

25% of investments classified as ‘held for maturity’ need not be marked to market as per RBI Guidelines. However,
the remaining 75% investments have been marked to market according to RBI Guidelines.

Saving accounts 500

Fixed deposits 700
Cash credits 600
Term Loans 500
Bills discounted & purchased 800
Additional information:
(i) Included in the current accounts ledger are accounts overdrawn to the extent of ` 250 lacs.
(ii) One of the cash credit account of ` 10 lacs (including interest ` 1 lac) is doubtful.
(iii) 60% of term loans are secured by government guarantees, 20% of cash credits are
unsecured, other portion is secured by tangible assets.
Answer
Relevant Schedules (forming part of the Balance sheet) of DVD Bank
Schedule 3: Deposits
` in lacs
A Demand deposits (700 – 250) 450
B Saving bank deposits 500
C Term deposits (Fixed Deposits) 700
1,650
Schedule 9: Advances
` in lacs
A (i) Bills discounted and purchased 800
(ii) Cash credits and overdrafts (600 + 250) 850
(iii) Term loans 500
2,150
B. (i) Secured by tangible assets (bal. fig.) 1,730
(ii) Secured by Bank/Government guarantees (500 x 60%) 300
(iii) Unsecured (600 x 20%) 120
2,150
Schedule 5: Other Liabilities & Provisions
` in lacs
Others (Provision for doubtful debts) 10

Profit and Loss Account (an extract)

` in lacs
Less: Provision for doubtful debts* 10
Note: The overdrawn extent in Current Accounts will be shown as Overdrafts.
*Note: It is assumed that the cash credit has been in ‘doubtful’ category for more than three
years, hence provision made at 100%.
Question 34
The following figures are extracted from the books of KLM Bank Ltd. as on 31-03-2013 :
`
Interest paid on deposits 22,95,360
Issued and subscribed capital 10,00,000
Salaries and allowances 2,50,000
Directors Fees and allowances 35,000
Rent and taxes paid 1,00,000
Postage and telegrams 65,340
Statutory reserve fund 8,00,000
Commission, exchange and brokerage 1,90,000
Rent received 72,000
Profit on sale of investment 2,25,800
Depreciation on assets 40,000
Statutory expenses 38,000
Preliminary expenses 30,000
Auditor's fee 12,000
The following further information is given:

(1) A customer to whom a sum of ` 10 lakhs was advanced has become insolvent and it is
expected only 55% can be recovered from his estate.
(2) There was also other debts for which a provisions of ` 2,00,000 was found necessary.
(3) Rebate on bill discounted on 31-03-2012 was ` 15,000 and on 31-03-2013 was
` 20,000.
(4) Income tax of ` 2,00,000 is to be provided.
The directors desire to declare 5% dividend.

Prepare the Profit and Loss account of KLM Bank Ltd. for the year ended 31-03-2013 and also
show, how the Profit and Loss account will appear in the Balance Sheet if the Profit and Loss
account opening balance was NIL as on 31-03-2012
Answer
KLM Bank Limited
Schedule Year ended
31.03.2013
`
I. Income:
Interest earned 13 37,95,160
Other income 14 4,87,800
Total 42,82,960
II. Expenditure
Interest expended 15 22,95,360
Operating expenses 16 5,70,340
Provisions and contingencies
(4,50,000+2,00,000+2,00,000) 8,50,000
Total 37,15,700
III. Profits/Losses
Net profit for the year 5,67,260
Profit brought forward Nil
5,67,260
IV. Appropriations
Transfer to statutory reserve (25% of 5,67,260) 1,41,815
Proposed dividend 50,000
Balance carried over to balance sheet 3,75,445
5,67,260
Profit & Loss Account balance of ` 3,75,445 will appear under the head ‘Reserves and
Surplus’ in Schedule 2 of the Balance Sheet.
Year ended
31.3.2013
`
I. Interest/discount on advances/bills (Refer W.N.) 37,95,160
37,95,160


I. Commission, exchange and brokerage 1,90,000
II. Profit on sale of investment 2,25,800
III. Rent received 72,000
4,87,800
I. Interests paid on deposits 22,95,360
22,95,360
I. Payment to and provisions for employees (salaries & allowances) 2,50,000
II. Rent, taxes paid 1,00,000
III. Depreciation on assets 40,000
IV. Director’s fee, allowances and expenses 35,000
V. Auditor’s fee 12,000
VI. Statutory (law) expenses 38,000
VII. Postage and telegrams 65,340
VIII. Preliminary expenses 30,000
5,70,340
Working Note:
`
Add: Rebate on bills discounted on 31.3. 2012 15,000
Less: Rebate on bills discounted on 31.3. 2013 (20,000)
37,95,160
Exercise
1. From the following information, prepare a Balance Sheet of International Bank Ltd. as on
31st March, 2013 giving the relevant schedules and also specify at least four important Principal
Accounting Policies :
` in lakhs
Dr. Cr.
Share Capital 198.00
19,80,000 Shares of ` 10 each
Statutory Reserve 231.00
Net Profit Before Appropriation 150.00
Profit and Loss Account 412.00

It is assumed that preliminary expenses have been fully written off during the year.

Fixed Deposit Account 517.00

Savings Deposit Account 450.00
Current Accounts 28.00 520.12
Bills Payable 0.10
Cash credits 812.10
Borrowings from other Banks 110.00
Cash in Hand 160.15
Cash with RBI 37.88
Cash with other Banks 155.87
Money at Call 210.12
Gold 55.23
Government Securities 110.17
Premises 155.70
Furniture 70.12
Term Loan 792.88
2,588.22 2,588.22
Bills for collection 18,10,000
Acceptances and endorsements 14,12,000
Claims against the Bank not acknowledged as debt 55,000
Depreciation charges—Premises 1,10,000
Furniture 78,000
50% of the Term Loans are secured by Government guarantees. 10% of cash credit is unsecured. Also
calculate cash reserves required and statutory liquid reserves required.
Note : Cash reserves required 5.50% of demand and time liabilities; liquid reserves required 24% of
demand and time liabilities.
(Hints: Balance sheet total ` 25,88.12 lacs)
2. Following are the statements of interest on advances in respect of performing and non-performing assets
of Madura Bank Ltd. Find out the income to be recognised for the year ended 31st March. 2013:
(` in lakhs)
Performing Assets Interest Interest
earned received
Cash credit and overdrafts 1,800 1,060
Term loans 480 320
Bills purchased and discounted 700 550
Non-performing Assets
Cash credit and overdrafts 450 70
Term loan 300 40
Bills purchased and discounted 350 36
(Hints: Total income to be recognized ` 3,126 lakhs)

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Financial Statements of

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The provisions on standard assets should not be reckoned for arriving

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© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

A non performing asset is a loan or an advance where:

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© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

Term Loan Export Credit

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© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

Doubtful upto three years* 400 40 160

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© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

Performing Assets N.P.A.

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© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

For doubtful up to 1 year 500

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© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

To Rebate on Bills Discounted A/c 92,760

(b) Interest and Discount Account

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© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

An analysis of the bills discounted is as follows:

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Amount Due date Unexpired portion from Rate of Rebate on bills

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Particulars Debit Credit

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Due date Amount (`) No. of days Rate of Discount of the

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` in crores % of weight ` in crores

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Risk Weighted Assets Ratio:

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© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

2. Calculation of Provisions and Contingencies

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Profit on sale of investments 2,00,000

The following further information is given:

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Profit brought forward Nil

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You are required to prepare:

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Schedule No. (` in thousands)

Assets Value % of provision Provision

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© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

3. Total amount of provisions and contingencies

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Doubtful Assets covered by security: