Servlet

Servlets are the Java platform technology of choice for extending and
enhancing Web servers. Servlet provides a component based,
platform-independent method for building Web-based applications,
without the performance limitations like CGI programs. And unlike
proprietary server extension mechanisms (Netscape server API or
Apache Modules), servlets are server and platform-independent.
Servlets have access to the entire family of Java APIs, including the
JDBC API to access enterprise databases. Servlets can also access a
library of HTTP-specific calls and receive all the benefits of the mature
Java language, including portability, performance, reusability, and
crash protection.

Today servlets are a popular choice for building interactive Web

applications. Third party servlet containers are available for Apache
Web Server(Tomcat), Microsoft IIS, and others. Servlet containers are
usually a component of Web and Application servers such as
WEBLOGIC Application Server, IBM-WebSphere, Sun Java System
Web Server, Sun Java System Application Server, and others.

PROGRAMS
Program 1: write a program to demonstrate ServletContext object
And ServletConfig object

First.java

package MAINPACK;

/*ServletConfig interface
public String getInitParameter(String name): Returns the value of
given parameter as String, or null if the given parameter doesn’t
exist in web.xml.
public Enumeration getInitParameterNames(): Returns an enumeration of
all the parameter names.
public String getServletName(): Returns the name of the servlet
instance.
public ServletContext getServletContext(): Returns an object of
ServletContext.
*/
/*
ServletContext interface
public String getInitParameter(String name):Returns the parameter
value for the specified parameter name.
public Enumeration getInitParameterNames():Returns the names of the
context's initialization parameters.
public void setAttribute(String name,Object object):sets the given
object in the application scope.
public Object getAttribute(String name):Returns the attribute for the
specified name.
public void removeAttribute(String name):Removes the attribute with
the given name from the servlet context.
*/
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class First
*/

public class First extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public First() {
//ServletContext object created when application SERVLETAPP is
deployed

super();//creates ServletConfig object for First Servlet

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
response.getWriter().append("Served at:
").append(request.getContextPath());
System.out.println(getServletConfig());
System.out.println(getServletContext());
System.out.println(getServletInfo());
System.out.println(getServletName());

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
*/

Second.java
package MAINPACK;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebInitParam;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
* Servlet implementation class Second
*/

public class Second extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public Second() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
response.getWriter().append("Served at:
").append(request.getContextPath());
System.out.println(getServletConfig());
System.out.println(getServletContext());
System.out.println(getServletInfo());
System.out.println(getServletName());
 RequestDispatcher rd=request.getRequestDispatcher("/fir");
rd.forward(request,response);
}

Program 2: write a program to demonstrate ServletContext object

with context-param And ServletConfig object with init-param

Program 3: Write a program to display simple greeting message

using Servlets

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class Message extends HttpServlet {

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse

response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println("hi welcome to Presidency");

}
}
Output:

Program 4: write a program to invoke a servlet using hyper link

1.html
<html>
<body>
<a href=”fir” >click here</a>
</body>
</html>
Program 5: write a program to invoke a servlet using HTML form
using GET method
2.html
<html>
<body>
<form method=”GET” action=”/fir”>
<input type=”submit” value=”Click”>
</form>
</body>
</html>

Program 6: write a program to invoke a servlet using HTML form

using POST method
4.html
<html>
<body>
<form method=”POST” action=”/fir”>
<input type=”submit” value=”Click”>
</form>
</body>
</html>

Program 7: write a program to distinguish GET and POST using

Request header and Request Body
5.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Greeting Message</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="red" TEXT="blue">
<FORM METHOD="get" ACTION="Welcome">
<B>Enter Your Name:</B>
<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="uname"><BR><BR>
<INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="Click To Submit">
</FORM>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Program 8: write a program to display greeting message by
accepting name from HTML using servlet.

HTML:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Greeting Message</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="red" TEXT="blue">
<FORM METHOD="get" ACTION="Welcome">
<B>Enter Your Name:</B>
<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="uname"><BR><BR>
<INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="Click To Submit">
</FORM>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Servlet:

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.io.*;

public class Welcome extends HttpServlet

{
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse res)
throws ServletException,IOException
{
res.setContentType("text/html");
 PrintWriter p=res.getWriter();
String name=req.getParameter("uname");
p.println("<html>");
p.println("<body bgcolor=red text=yellow>");
p.println("<font color=yellow size=15>Hello <b>"+name);
p.println("</b>Welcome To Presidency</font><br><br>");
}
}

Output:
Program 9: Demonstrate how the parameters are accepted from
HTML and insert into database through Servlets

HTML:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Register form</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="register">
Emp id:<input type="text" name="id" /><br/>
Emp Name:<input type="text" name="name" /><br/>
Emp Salary:<input type="text" name="salary" /><br/>
<input type="submit" value="register" />
</form>
</body>
</html>

Servlet:

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class Registerdb extends HttpServlet {

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

String id = request.getParameter("id");
int empid = Integer.parseInt(id);
String name = request.getParameter("name");
String sal = request.getParameter("salary");
double salary=Double.parseDouble(sal);
try{

//loading drivers for mysql

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

//creating connection with the database

Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection
("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test","root","root");

PreparedStatement ps=con.prepareStatement
("insert into employee values(?,?,?)");
 ps.setInt(1, empid);
ps.setString(2, name);
ps.setDouble(3,salary);
int i=ps.executeUpdate();

if(i>0)
{
out.println("You are sucessfully registered");
}
Statement st = con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select * from employee");
out.println("<html><head><title>employee</title></head>");
out.println("<body bgcolor=green><center>");
out.println("<table border=2>");
out.println("<tr><td>empid</td><td>name</td><td>salary</td></tr>");
while(rs.next())
{
out.println("<tr><td>"+rs.getInt(1)+"</td>");
out.println("<td>"+rs.getString(2)+"</td>");
out.println("<td>"+rs.getDouble(3)+"</td></tr>");

}
out.println("</center></table></body></html>");

}
 catch(Exception se)
{
se.printStackTrace();
}
//doGet(request, response);
}

MySQL:

 Use test;
 Create table employee(empid int,name varchar(50),salary double);
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.37 sec)

Output:
Program 10: Write a Program to set cookies and display
cookies using Servlets

Program:

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class Cookiedemo extends HttpServlet {

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws

ServletException, IOException {
res.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter pw = res.getWriter();
Cookie c1 = new Cookie("ANDHRA", "HYDERABAD");
Cookie c2 = new Cookie("TAMILNADU", "CHENNAI");
res.addCookie(c1);
res.addCookie(c2);

Cookie c3 = new Cookie("KARNATAKA", "BANGLORE");

Cookie c4 = new Cookie("BIHAR", "PATNA");
c3.setMaxAge(300);
c4.setMaxAge(600);
res.addCookie(c3);
res.addCookie(c4);
 System.out.println("SUCCESSFUL IN SETTING COOKIES");
String title = "Active Cookies";
pw.println("<html><head><title>" + title + "</title></head></body>");
pw.println("<table border=\"1\" align=\"center\">");
pw.println("<tr><th>Cookie Name</th><th>Cookie Value</th></tr>");
Cookie ck[] = req.getCookies();
if (ck != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < ck.length; i++) {
pw.println("<tr><td>" + ck[i].getName() + "</td><td>" + ck[i].getValue() +
"</td></tr>");
}
}
else {
System.out.println("NO COOKIES PRESENT");
}
pw.println("</table></body></html>");
}

}Output:
Program 11: Write a program to display Session Information
using Servlets.
Program
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

public class GetSession extends HttpServlet {

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)

throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
res.setContentType( "text/html" );
PrintWriter pw = res.getWriter();
pw.println( "<HTML><BODY>" );

// get session, and create it if one doesn't already exist

HttpSession theSession = req.getSession();
 // get session id and it's max lifetime in seconds
pw.println( "<BR>Session Id: " + theSession.getId() );
pw.println( "<BR>Session Max Inactive Time (seconds): "
+ theSession.getMaxInactiveInterval() );

// get creation time

long dateTimes = theSession.getCreationTime();
pw.println( "<BR>Session Creation Time: " + new
Date( dateTimes ) );

// get last access time, negative if never been accessed

dateTimes = theSession.getLastAccessedTime();
if( dateTimes < 0 ) {
pw.println( "<BR>Session Last Access Time: Never Been Access
Befored" );
}
else {
pw.println( "<BR>Session Last Access Time: " + new
Date( dateTimes ) );
}

pw.println( "</BODY></HTML>" );
res.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(req.getContextPath());
}
}
Output:

Softwares and Hardwares:

Javax.servlet.jar API
Tomcat 9 Web Server
Eclipse Oxygen
Windows 10
MySQL
RAM minimum 500MB
Hard Disk Minimum 64GB