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    TP12.2 - A STUDY OF TRANSIENT CORNERING PROPERTY BY USE OF AN ANALYTICAL TYRE MODEL - N-Miyashita

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    nader
    This document summarizes a study on modeling transient cornering properties of tires using an analytical tire model. The study aims to understand how tread, belt, and sidewall stiffness affect transient response parameters like steady-state gain and time constant. An existing steady-state tire model is expanded with time differential terms to model transient response to steering inputs. Numerical simulations show that increasing tread stiffness decreases early-time side force but increases late-time self-aligning torque, while increasing belt stiffness only increases side force over time. The model is validated against test data showing it can reasonably predict frequency response characteristics, though it deviates at higher frequencies likely due to neglected rubber viscoelasticity.

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    TP12.2 - A STUDY OF TRANSIENT CORNERING PROPERTY BY USE OF AN ANALYTICAL TYRE MODEL - N-Miyashita

    Uploaded by

    nader
    75 views23 pages
    This document summarizes a study on modeling transient cornering properties of tires using an analytical tire model. The study aims to understand how tread, belt, and sidewall stiffness affect transient response parameters like steady-state gain and time constant. An existing steady-state tire model is expanded with time differential terms to model transient response to steering inputs. Numerical simulations show that increasing tread stiffness decreases early-time side force but increases late-time self-aligning torque, while increasing belt stiffness only increases side force over time. The model is validated against test data showing it can reasonably predict frequency response characteristics, though it deviates at higher frequencies likely due to neglected rubber viscoelasticity.

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    TP12.2_A STUDY OF TRANSIENT CORNERING PROPERTY BY USE OF AN ANALYTICAL TYRE MODEL_N-Miyashita

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    This document summarizes a study on modeling transient cornering properties of tires using an analytical tire model. The study aims to understand how tread, belt, and sidewall stiffness affect transient response parameters like steady-state gain and time constant. An existing steady-state tire model is expanded with time differential terms to model transient response to steering inputs. Numerical simulations show that increasing tread stiffness decreases early-time side force but increases late-time self-aligning torque, while increasing belt stiffness only increases side force over time. The model is validated against test data showing it can reasonably predict frequency response characteristics, though it deviates at higher frequencies likely due to neglected rubber viscoelasticity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    75 views23 pages

    TP12.2 - A STUDY OF TRANSIENT CORNERING PROPERTY BY USE OF AN ANALYTICAL TYRE MODEL - N-Miyashita

    Uploaded by

    nader
    This document summarizes a study on modeling transient cornering properties of tires using an analytical tire model. The study aims to understand how tread, belt, and sidewall stiffness affect transient response parameters like steady-state gain and time constant. An existing steady-state tire model is expanded with time differential terms to model transient response to steering inputs. Numerical simulations show that increasing tread stiffness decreases early-time side force but increases late-time self-aligning torque, while increasing belt stiffness only increases side force over time. The model is validated against test data showing it can reasonably predict frequency response characteristics, though it deviates at higher frequencies likely due to neglected rubber viscoelasticity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 23

    title

    4th International Tyre Colloquium: Tyre Models for Vehicle Dynamics Analysis
    20-21th April 2015, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK

    (TP12.2)

    A Study of Transient Cornering Property


    by Use of an Analytical Tyre Model
    Naoshi Miyashita
    YOKOHAMA Rubber Co., Ltd.

    1
    Purpose(1)

    1. Purpose of This Study (1)


    The side force Fy of a cornering tyre shows
    some delayed responses to steering inputs.
    Vehicle dynamics / Ride quality

    2
    Purpose(2)

    1. Purpose of This Study (2)


    • Transient cornering property is characterized by …
    (1) Steady-state gain
    (2) Time constant
    • How can the part stiffness (tread, belt and sidewall) affect
    the response parameter (1) and (2) ?

    3
    Purpose(3)

    1. Purpose of This Study (3)


    • Analytical descriptions of the steady and transient cornering,
    which is applicable to both tyre design and vehicle simulation.
    • How can the tread, belt and sidewall stiffness change
    the step response of side force Fy and self-aligning torque Mz ?

    Simplified
    modeling

    4
    Contents

    Contents

    1. Purpose of This Study


    2. Steady Cornering Model
    3. Transient Cornering Model
    4. Numerical Simulations
    (Effect of Tread, Belt and Sidewall Parts)

    5. Model Validation
    6. Conclusion

    5
    Steady

    2. Steady Cornering Model


    Load dependence of side force Fy and
    self-aligning torque Mz at a small slip
    angle a.

    • Fiala Model
    — E. Fiala (1954)
    — For bias tyres.
    — Poor description for Mz.

    • Neo-FIALA Model
    — Miyashita & Kabe (2003)
    — For radial tyres.
    — Good description for Fy and Mz.

    6
    Origin

    2. Steady Cornering Model

    Origin of Side Force Fy

    Shear deformation of tread rubber by slip angle a


    Side force Fy, Self-aligning torque Mz

    7
    NF(1)

    2. Steady Cornering Model

    Neo-FIALA Model (1)


    The cornering-tyre deformation is approximated by
    a combination of (i) Shear, (ii) Deflection and (iii) Torsion.

    8
    NF(2)

    2. Steady Cornering Model

    Neo-FIALA Model (2)

    9
    NF(3)

    2. Steady Cornering Model

    Neo-FIALA Model (3)


    The model can describes the steady load-dependence of Fy and Mz
    with the deformation stiffness of (i) Shear, (ii) Deflection and (iii) Torsion.

    Comparison between measurements and model


    (Load dependence at 200kPa, 10km/h, a=1deg for a 195/65R15 tyre)

    10
    Trans(1)

    3. Transient Cornering Model (1)

    The time differential term dFy/dt and dMz/dt are added to


    the Fy and Mz feedback loop, respectively.

    11
    Further

    3. Transient Cornering Model

    Further Simplified Assumption

    (a) Bottom view of a cornering tyre (b) An neglected torque


    (stretched)

    12
    Trans(2)

    3. Transient Cornering Model (2)

    13
    Block

    3. Transient Cornering Model

    Block Diagram

    14
    StepCaLc

    3. Transient Cornering Model

    Prediction of Step Response


    (a) Load dependence of
    steady cornering

    (b) Step response of Fy and Mz at a fixed load

    15
    Numerical

    4. Numerical Simulations
    How can the tread, belt and sidewall stiffness change
    the step response of side force Fy and self-aligning torque Mz ?

    Deformation Stiffness Part Stiffness


    (Neo-FIALA model) (Spring Bedded Ring)

    [Conditions]
    tyre size 195/65R15
    inflation 200 kPa
    load 4 kN
    velocity 10 km/h

    16
    Tread

    4. Numerical Simulations

    Effect of 'Tread Ctr'

    Side force: Down (earlier times) SAT: Up (later times)


    Up (later times)

    17
    Belt

    4. Numerical Simulations

    Effect of 'Belt EIz'

    Side force: Up (all times) SAT: No change

    18
    Side

    4. Numerical Simulations

    Effect of 'Sidewall ky'

    Side force: Up (all times) SAT: Up (all times)

    19
    Validation

    5. Model Validation
    Model-parameter estimation Prediction of the response
    by the response against 'Input A' against 'Input B'
    [Input A] Quasi-step Input [Input B] Sinusoidal Input
    @40 km/h @5, 40, 120 km/h

    [Measurement Conditions]
    test tyre 205/55ZR16
    inflation 200 kPa
    load 4.22 kN
    apparatus MTS Flat-Trac III

    20
    Freq

    5. Model Validation

    Prediction of Frequency Response

    • Gain — The estimated model is good agreement with measurements.


    (Input A) (Input B)
    • Phase — The model deviates from measurements at higher frequencies.
    (that may come from the neglected viscoelasticity of rubber parts)

    21
    Conclusion

    6. Conclusion
    • The cornering-tyre deformation is approximately described with
    a combination of fundamental deformation (i)~(iii).

    • Deformation stiffness (i)~(iii) lead to the transient cornering model.

    22
    Thanks

    Thank You for Your Attention.

    23

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