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    802.11 Authentication and Association

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    abhishek4vishwakar-1
    The document discusses authentication and association in 802.11 wireless networks. It describes the basic process which involves a station broadcasting probe requests, receiving probe responses from access points, authenticating with an access point through an authentication request and response, and then associating through a similar association request and response process. Finally, data exchange between the station and access point can begin once association is completed.

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    802.11 Authentication and Association

    Uploaded by

    abhishek4vishwakar-1
    41 views9 pages
    The document discusses authentication and association in 802.11 wireless networks. It describes the basic process which involves a station broadcasting probe requests, receiving probe responses from access points, authenticating with an access point through an authentication request and response, and then associating through a similar association request and response process. Finally, data exchange between the station and access point can begin once association is completed.

    Original Description:

    wifi 802.11 Authentication

    Original Title

    Lecture-3

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    The document discusses authentication and association in 802.11 wireless networks. It describes the basic process which involves a station broadcasting probe requests, receiving probe responses from access points, authenticating with an access point through an authentication request and response, and then associating through a similar association request and response process. Finally, data exchange between the station and access point can begin once association is completed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    41 views9 pages

    802.11 Authentication and Association

    Uploaded by

    abhishek4vishwakar-1
    The document discusses authentication and association in 802.11 wireless networks. It describes the basic process which involves a station broadcasting probe requests, receiving probe responses from access points, authenticating with an access point through an authentication request and response, and then associating through a similar association request and response process. Finally, data exchange between the station and access point can begin once association is completed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9

    802.

    11 Authentication
    and Association

    Mohit P. Tahiliani
    Assistant Professor,
    Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering,
    NITK Surathkal
    Overview
    Wireless medium has its own share of security
    concerns because the radio waves cannot be
    confined within the premises, unlike the wired
    medium whose access can be controlled.

    ➔ 802.11 Frame Types

    ➔ Active vs Passive scanning

    ➔ 802.11 Frame Structures

    ➔ 3 states of 802.11 connection

    ➔ Authentication techniques

    ➔ Association rules and codes


    Association happens only in
    infrastructure based networks 2
    802.11 Frame Types

    Management Control Frames Data Frames (e.g.,


    Frames (e.g., (e.g., data link actual data
    Beacon frame) layer ACK frame) frame)

    3
    802.11 Authentication and Association
    1. Periodic beacons broadcasted by AP
    2. Probe request from the STA
    3. Probe response from the AP
    4. Authentication request from STA to AP
    5. Authentication response from AP to STA
    6. Association request from STA to AP
    7. Association response from AP to STA
    8. Data exchange begins

    Image Credits: https://www.semfionetworks.com/ 4


    Active Scanning
    STA initiates the search effort by broadcasting a probe
    request

    Note
    Probe is a special type of
    frame.

    Probe request is sent on


    every channel in the
    frequency range.
    Passive Scanning
    STA does not initiate the search effort, instead waits for a
    beacon from the AP

    Note
    Beacon is a special type
    of frame which is
    periodically broadcasted
    by an AP.

    STA listens for the


    beacon frame on every
    channel in the frequency
    range.
    Beacon Frame Format

    7
    Image Credits: CWAP Official Study Guide
    Beacon Frame Format
    ● Frame Control (2 bytes) has three sub-fields
    a. Version (2 bits -- typically 0) [1]
    b. Type (2 bits -- Management frame in this example - 00) [2]
    c. Subtype (4 bits -- 1000 is for beacon) [2]
    d. Flags (8 bits) -- details are in [1]
    ● Sequence Control (2 bytes) has two sub-fields
    a. Frame Number (4 bits)
    b. Sequence Number (12 bits)

    Question 1: Why is Source Address needed in the Beacon frame structure?


    [1] http://www.sharetechnote.com/html/WLAN_Beacon.html
    [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/802.11_Frame_Types#Types_and_SubTypes 8
    802.11 connection states

    S1: Not S2: Authenticated


    S3: Authenticated
    authenticated but not
    and
    or yet
    associated
    associated associated

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