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Class XII P REPARED BY :
E R . V INEET L OOMBA
(B.T ECH . IIT R OORKEE )
DPP
DAILY PRACTICE PROBLEMS

TARGET : JEE Main/Adv Electrostatics-1

Ex.1 Two small balls having equal charges Q, are

6  10 23
suspended from a hook with two insulating per = × 10
threads each of length L. This arrangement is 63.5
carried in the space, where there is no gravita- As only one electron is transferred for every

m
tion. The tension in each string will be- 1000 atoms, therefore the number of electron

transferred
  
F T T F
6  10 23  10
0 n= ,

o
A 180 B
L 63.5  1000
L
Magnitude of charge

(A)
kQ 2
4L2
(B) 0
.c q = ne =
6  10 23  10
63.5  1000
× 1.6 × 10–19 Coul.
ba
kQ kQ 2
(C) (D) 1920
4L2 L2 = Coul.
127
kQ 2 Separation between pieces = 1 cm = 10–2 m
Sol. (A) F = (electrostatic force acting be- One piece of copper has positive charge and the
4L2
om

other negative charge, therefore force of attrac-

tween two charged balls)
1 q1q 2
kQ 2 tion between the pieces =
4 0 r 2
=
F=T= 2
4L
Note :- In the above problem, the angle between the  1920   1920 
9  10 9  
lo

 
'threads will be 1800.' Because in the absence of  127   127 
gravity, the tension in the threads will be only (10 2 )2
due to columb-repulsion. Therefore the angle
= 2.057 × 1016N
et

between the threads will be 1800.

Ex.2 A copper atom consists of copper nucleus sur- Ex.3 A thin conducting ring of radius r has an electric
rounded by 29 electrons. The atomic weight of charge +Q. What would be the increase in the
copper is 63.5 g/mole. Let us now take two pieces tension of wire, if a point charge +q is placed at
ne

of copper each wieghing 10g. Let us transfer the centre of the ring ?
one electron from one piece to another for every Sol. Charge on a small element dl of the ring dQ
1000 atoms in that piece. What will be the cou-
lomb force between the two pieces after the Q
= d
vi

transfer of electron if they are 1cm. apart. 2r

[Avogadro number N = 6 × 1023 / Outward electric force on this element
g. mole charge on an electron = –1.6 × 10–19 cou-
lomb] 1  Qd  q 
Fe =   
Sol. 63.5 g copper contains N = 6 × 1023 copper 4 0  2r  r 2 
atoms. Let the tension be increased by T, to
Therefore number of copper atoms in 10g cop-
balance this force Fe.
 2
1 q1q2
F = 4
0 (r  t  t k ) 2
Fe
T (b) Substituting t = r/2
d
d 1 q1q2
+Q
d Then F = 4 2
+q O Charge 0  r r 
2 on ring r   k
 2 2 

T 1 q1q2
=
4 0 (1  k ) 2 r 2
The increase in tension is given by
= 2T sin (d/2) = 2T d/2  T dl/r 1 q1q2
Then force in air will be Fair =
Arc 4 0 r 2
( dl = rd, Angle = )
radius
F 4
 F = (1  k )2
d 1  Qd  q  air

m
Hence T    
r 4 0  2r  r 2 
F 4
Given F =
Qq air 9
 T = 82  r 2

o
0 K=4
Ex.4 (a) Two similar point charges q1 and q2 are Ex.5 The bob of a pendulum carries an electric charge

.c
placed at a distance 'r' apart in air. If a dielectric
slab of thickness 't' (< r) and dielectric constant
'K' is placed between the charges, calculate the
of 39.2 × 10–10 coulomb in an electric field of 20
× 103 v/m and it is at rest. The angle made by
the pendulum with the vertical will be, if the mass
ba
coulomb force of repulsion (b). If the thickness of pendulum is
of slab covers half the distance, between the 8 × 10–6 kg and g = 9.8 -
charges, the coulomb repulsive force is reduced (A) 27º (B) 45º
in the ratio 9 : 4, calculate the dielectric constant (C) 87º (D) 127º
of slab.
(B) T sin  = qE
om

Sol.
Sol. (a) The repulsive force between the charges in
T cos  = mg
1 q1q2
air is F0 = 4 ....(A)
0 r2
If the space is completely filled with medium of  
E
lo

dielectric constant K, the repulsive force becomes

1 q1q2 Tcos
F = 4 2 ....(B) T
0 Kr
et

Tsin qE
Now let us suppose that the repulsive force is F
in air if separation between charges becomes r', mg
so
ne

1 q1q2 qE 39.2  10 10  20  10 3

F= ...(C) tan  = mg =
4 0 r12 8  10 6  9.8

Equating (B) & (C) r1' = r tan  = 1

k
vi

This gives equivalent air separation due to pres-   = 450

ence of dielectric of dielectric constant 'K' and Ex.6 A simple pendulum is oscillating between the
thickness r. If there exists a slab of thickness t plates of a capacitor as shown in the fig. If the
and dielectric constant K, the effective air sepa- bob and the capacitor both are charged, what
will be the effect on the time-period of the pen-
ration between the charges will be (r – t) + t k . dulum?
Hence required
Sol. Suppose the mass of the bob is m and the length
repulsive force between charges
of its thread is l. When the bob and the capacitor

Prepared By: MATHEMATICS

Er. Vineet Loomba (IIT Roorkee)
 3
both are uncharged, then time period is given by
1 kq 2
(A) (1 + 2 2 ), 45º
 2 a2
T = 2 g . Suppose a charge +q is given to the
1 k 2 q2
bob. On charging the capacitor, the equilibrium (B) , 45º
position of the bob will change from O to O and 2 a2
thread of the pendulum will now make an angle
4kq 2
qE (C) , 30º
with the vertical, such that tan  = mg where a2
(D) none of these
qE is the electric force and mg is the gravita-
tional force. On displacing the bob from the po- Sol. (A) Force on the charge placed at B, due to
sition O', it will oscillate under the effective ac- kq 2
charges at A, C, & D are F1 = ,
a2
celeration g', while mg' = (mg)2  (qE )2
kq 2 kq2
F2 = & F3 = respectively.
2 a2 2a 2
 qE 
 g' = g2   

m
m [Note BD = 2 a]

Hence the new time period of the pendulum is T

 

o
= 2 g . = 2 2
[g  (qE / m)2 ]1/ 4

Ex.7
pendulum will decrease
.c
since g' > g hence T < T. i.e. time period of the

A simple pendulum (length l, mass of the bob m)

ba
is suspended between the parallel plates of a
capacitor as shown in the fig. What will be the
effect on its time if it is (i) positively charged, (ii)
Resultant of F1 & F 2, F12
negatively-charged? Assuming that the electric
force on the bob is less than the gravitational kq 2
om

= F12  F22  2F1F2 cos 90º = 2

force and the electric field E between the plates a2
is uniform. F12 || F3
Sol. When both the bob and the capacitor are un-
[ F = 2
F12  F32  2F12 .F3 cos 0 = F 12 + F 3]

charged, then T = 2 g  Resultant force on the charge placed at B
lo

Time-period in case (i) is 1 kq 2

F = F12 + F3 = (1 + 2 2 )
2 a2

et

If resultant makes an angle of  with F1

T1 = 2   qE 
g   
  m  F1 sin 
tan  =
ne

F1  F2 cos 
and in cae (ii) it is
  = 45º
 Ex.9 Two identical charged spheres are suspended in air
T2 = 2   qE  by strings of equal lengths and string make an angle
g   
vi

  m  of 300 with each other. When suspended in a liquid

of density 0.8 gm cm–3, the angle remains the
Clearly, in case (i) the time period decreases (T1 same. What is the dielectric constant of the liq-
< T) and in case (ii) it in cases (T2 > T) uid ? (Density of the material of the spheres =
Ex.8 A square of side 'a' has equal charge 'q' at its 1.6 gm cm–3)
corners. Sol. Suppose the mass of each sphere is m kg, the
The magnitude and direction of force at B will distance between them is r meter. Each sphere
be- is in equilibrium under the action of three forces
(i) weight of the sphere = mg
Prepared By: MATHEMATICS
Er. Vineet Loomba (IIT Roorkee)
 4
along the path ABC in an
1 q 2 electric f ield E. The potential
(ii) electrical force of repulsion F = and difference between A & C will be
4 0 r 2
(A) 0
(iii) tension T of the string. Resolving these forces
(B) Er
in v ertical and horizontal
components, we have (C) Er/2
T cos 15 = mg and (D) Er/4
Sol. (B) Because the work done by the charge does
1 q2 not depend upon the path
T sin 150 = F =
4 0 r 2 W AC = q(VAC) = qEr ( V = W/q)
= Er ( q = 1C)
1 2q2
0
 tan 15 = 4 K 2 ....(1)
Ex.12 Charge 2q, –q & –q lies at the vertices of a
0 mgr equilateral. The value of E and V at the centroid
On immersing in the liquid the (effective) weight of the triangle will be-
of each sphere and the force of repulsion both (A) E  0 and V  0
decrease and hence the (B) E = 0 and V = 0

m
tension also
decreases. The angle is still 30 0 . In the (C) E  0 and V = 0
liquid, we have (D) E  0 and V  0
Sol. (C) +2q

o
 0.8  mg
(i) weight of the sphere = mg 1  = (ii)
 1.6  2
electrical

F' =
f orce

1 q2
4  0 r 2
,
of

.c repulsion
E2 O
60 600
E2
0
ba
–q –q
where K is dielectric constant of the liquid, and E1
(iii) tension T (say). Now T cos 150 = mg/2 V = V1 + V2 + V3
1 q2  2q q q 
om

and T sin 150 = = k     = 0

4 0K r 2  a a a
E = E1 + (E2 cos 600 + E2 cos 600]
1 2q2
 tan 150 = 4 K 2 ....(2) = E1 + E 2
0 mgr
E  0
lo

From eq. (1) and (2) we have Ex.13 From the fig. given below, the potential energy
of the system will be-
1 q2 1 2q2
4 0 mgr 2 = 4 0K mgr 2 K=2
et

Ex.10 An electron falls a distance of 4 cm in a uniform

electric field of magnitude 5 x 104 N/C. The time
taken by electron in falling will be-
ne

(A) 2.99 × 10–7 s (B) 2.99 × 10–8 s

(C) 2.99 × 10–9 s (D) 2.99 × 10–10 s
Sol. (C)
vi

1 2 1 eE 2 Fe eE
t [ a = kq2 kq2
y=
2
at =
2 m m
=
m
]
(A)
a
 2  4 (B)
a
2ym kq
t =
e.E
= 3 × 10–9 s (C) 0 (D)
a
 2  4
[Putting y = 4 × 10–2 m, m = 9.1 × 10–31 kg, Sol. (A) U = U12 + U23 + U34 + U41 + U13 + U24
e = 1.6 × 10–19C, E = 5 × 104 N/C]
Ex.11 In the following fig. a unit positive charge moves

Prepared By: MATHEMATICS

Er. Vineet Loomba (IIT Roorkee)
 5

1 1 Q2
 q( q) ( q)( q) ( q)( q)  mv 2 =
= k    4 4 0 d
 a a a
 Distance of nearest approach,
( q)(q) (q)(q) ( q)(q) 
 
a a 2 a 2 
 = 1 4Q2
d=
4 0 mv 2
kq2 Ex.16 Sphere of radius 4 cm is suspended inside a
( 2  4)
a hollow spherical conductor of radius 6 cms. The
Ex.14 Two particles A and B having masses equal and hollow sphere is charged upto 3 e.s.u and the
charges q and 4q. If these are accelerated from outer surface is connected to earth. The poten-
rest through same potential difference, then what tial difference between the spheres will be-
will be the ratio in their speeds? (A) 36 e.s.u. (B) 54 e.s.u.
(A) 4 : 1 (B) 1 : 4 (C) 30 e.s.u. (D) 0.25 e.s.u.
(C) 2 : 1 (D) 1 : 2
Kq Kq
Sol. (D)  V = Vsmall – Vlarge = 
1 r R
Sol. (D) E = mv 2 = q × V

m
2
1 1 
= Kq    .....(1)
2qV r R
v=
m

o
 K = 1 dyne cm 2/stat. coulomb2
VA q q = 3 e.s.u. r = 4 cm
1
v q  V =
B 4q
=
2

.c
Ex.15 Two identical particles of mass m carry a charge
Q each. Initially one is at rest on a smooth
R = 6 cm

 1 1
From (1) V = 3    = 0.25 e.s.u.
4 6
ba
horizontal plane and the other is projected along Ex.17 A sphere of radius 5 cm has electric field
the plane directly towards the first particle from 5 × 106 V/m on its surface. What will be the
a large distance, with the speed v. Find the clos- force acting on a charge of 5 × 10–8C placed at
est distance of approach- distance of 20cm from the centre of sphere-
om

Sol. The masses are identical, each of mass m. (A) 1.5 × 10–2 N (B) 40 N
Therefore we cannot treat any particle too heavier
(C) 4 N (D) 0 N
and hence at rest throughout. An external force
on the system is zero. According to principle of kq kq
conservation of linear momentum. Sol. (A) E0 = 2 , Es =
r R2
Initial momentum = Final momentum
lo

 mv = mv 1 + mv 2 qE sR 2
 F = qE0 =
 v = v1 + v2 r2
[q = 5 × 10–8 C, Es = 5 × 106 v/m, R = 0.05 m, r =
et

Where v 1 and v 2 are velocities of first and sec-

ond particles as the particles are identical, so by 0.20 cm]
symmetry at nearest approach = 1.5 × 10–2N
Ex.18 A thin stationary ring of radius 1m has a positive
ne

v
v1 = v2 = charge of 1 × 10–5 coulomb uniformly distributed
2
over it. A particle of mass 0.9 gm and having a
This means that to conserve momentum both negative charge of
particles travel with velocity v/2 along the same 1 × 10–6 coulomb is placed on the axis at a dis-
straight line. If d is the distance of nearest ap-
vi

tance of 1 cm from the centre of the ring. Show

proach, then initial energy of system = Final that the motion of the negatively-charged particle
energy at nearest approach is approximately simple harmonic. Calculate the
2 2 time-period of oscillation.
1 1 v 1 v Sol. The electric field on the axis of a charged ring of
 mv 2 = m  + m 
2 2  2 2  2 radius R meter at a distance x from its centre is
given by
1 (Q)(Q)
+
4 0 d

Prepared By: MATHEMATICS

Er. Vineet Loomba (IIT Roorkee)
Jupiter (XI) 6
the centre must be zero. By the principle of conser-
1 qx
E= where q is the charge on vation of energy.
4 0 (R  x 2 )3 / 2
2
(K.E. + P.E.) at P = (K.E. + P.E.) at O
the ring. If the distance x is very small compared
to radius R, then x2 can be neglected in R2 + x 2. Y
1 qx
In this position, we have E = .
4 0 R 3 dy
If the particle of negative charge q' is situated at
a distance x, then the electric force on the par-
ticle is
a P  3R,0,0
1 qq'
v
 X
F = – q'E = – x.
4 0 R 3
Since the ring has positive charge and the par-
Z
ticle has negative charge, hence the force F will
be of attraction (towards the ring). Under the 1 1 (2R )q
action of this force the particle will perform peri-  mv 2 + 4 0
2 ( 3R)2  R 2

m
odic motion in line on with side of the centre of
the ring. The acceleration of the particle is given 1 (2R )q
by = 0 + 4
0 R

o
F
a =
m 1 1  (2R )q (2R )q 
 mv 2 = 
1
= – 4
0
qq'
mR 3
x = – 2x.
.c 2

v =
4 0 


q
R 2R 
ba
1 qq' 2 0m
where  = 4  0 mR 3
Ex.20 The radii of internal and external spheres of
concentric spherical air capacitor are 1 cm and
(1 10 5 )(1 10 6 )
= (9  10 9 ) = 10 4 cm respectively. A potential difference of 3000
(0.9  10 3 )(1)3
om

volts is applied between the spheres. What ve-

locity will be imparted to an electron. when it
ax approaches f rom a distance of
Since the acceleration a is directly proportional r1 = 3 cm to r2 = 2cm as measured from the
to the displacement x and is directed towards centre of spheres.
the centre of the ring, hence the motion of the Sol. The potential differences between spherical con-
lo

particle is simple harmonic. The time period of

the particle is 1  q q
ductors Vab =   
2 2  4 0 a b
T = =T = = sec
et

 10 5 Here a = 1cm = 10-2 m,

Ex.19 A circular ring of radius R with uniform positive b = 4 cm = 4 × 10-2 m
charge density '  ' per unit length is
located in the y-z plane with its centre at the  1
 1
ne

origin O. A particle of mass m and positive

 3000 = 9 × 109 q  2  2 
 10 4  10 
charge q is projected f rom the point
4
P ( 3 R, 0, 0) on the positive x-axis directly q= × 10–8 coul.
9
vi

towards O, with an initial speed v. Find the

smallest (non-zero) value of speed v such that The potential at, a point distant 3 cm from cen-
the particle does not return P  q q
1
tre, V1 = 4   
r b
Sol. The electric field at the centre of ring is zero. There- 0  1 
fore the force on charged particle at the centre of
The potential at a point distant 2 cm from centre,
ring is zero. Hence if the particle reaches at the
centre O of the ring, then it will not return to P. For 1  q q
minimum value of velocity v, the speed of particle at V2 = 4   
r 
0  2 b

Prepared By: MATHEMATICS

Er. Vineet Loomba (IIT Roorkee)
Jupiter (XI) 7
The gain in K.E. of electron K = e (V2 – V1) = Ex.22 A point particle of mass M is attached to one
end of a massless rigid non-conducting rod of
1  q q q q length l. Another point particle of the same mass
e     
4 0  r2 b r1 b  is attached to the other end of the rod. The two
particles carry charges +q and –q respectively.
1  1 1 This arrangement is held in a region of a uni-
= 4 eq  r  r  form electric field E such that the rod makes
0  2 1
angle  (say of 50) with the field direction. Find
= 9 × 109 × 1.6 × 10–19 × an expression for the minimum time needed for
4  1 1  the rod to become parallel to the field after it is
× 10–8  2
  set free.
9  2  10 3  10 2 
Sol. The rod comes to equilibrium position due to a
32 torque The moment of inertia of system about O,
= × 10–19 Joule
3
2 2
  M 2
1 32 I =M   + M   =
 mv 2 = × 10–19 joule 2 2 2
2 3
 v = 1.54 × 107 m/s [ m = 9 × 10–31 kg] –q

m
Ex.21 A charge Q is distributed over two concentric
O A
hollow spheres of radii r and R (> r) such that  
B E
the surface densities are equal. Find the poten-

o
tial at the common centre.
+q
Sol. Suppose the charges on the spheres of radii r
and R are Q r, and Q R respectiv ely, Then
Q = Qr + Q R
Let the surf ace density be  . .c Then
The electric force qE and –qE act on A and B,
along and opposite to the direction of electric
ba

Qr QR field E respectively.
= =
4r 2 4R 2 Therefore net electric force on system
= qE – qE = 0
Qr r2
or Q + 1 = 2 + 1
om

R R These two force form a couple of moment

 = (qE) l sin 
Qr  QR r 2  R2
or QR
= Restoring couple = – qE l sin 
R2
If  is angular acceleration, then from relation 
Q r 2  R2
or Q = = I, we have
lo

R R2
I  = –qElsin = –qEl
 R2 
 QR = Q  r 2  R 2  , [ sin  = , for small value of ]
 
et

 R2  qE
 Angular acceleration  =
Similarly, Qr = Q  2 
2 I
r R       – 
ne

i.e. motion is angular S.H.M. for which standard

Suppose the potentials at the common centre
equation is  = –2 
due to QR and Q r be VR and Vr respectively.
Then qE  2qE
 2 = =
M
vi

I
QR QR 2
VR = 4 R =
0 4 0R(r 2  R 2 ) T 2 /    M
t= = = =
2qE
4 4 2 2
Qr Qr 2
Vr = =  V =
4  0 r 4  0 r (r 2  R 2 )

Q  Rr 
VR + Vr =  
4 0  r 2  R 2 

Prepared By: MATHEMATICS

Er. Vineet Loomba (IIT Roorkee)