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    Origin of The Word "Navigate": Respicio, Daniel I

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    NieL ReSpiCiO
    This document discusses the origin and meaning of the word "navigate" and the properties of spheres. It defines a sphere as a perfectly round object in 3D space defined by all points that are the same distance from a given center point. Key properties are that any cross section of a sphere is a circle, great circles divide it into two equal hemispheres, and a sphere has the smallest surface area for a given volume of any shape.

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    Origin of The Word "Navigate": Respicio, Daniel I

    Uploaded by

    NieL ReSpiCiO
    19 views3 pages
    This document discusses the origin and meaning of the word "navigate" and the properties of spheres. It defines a sphere as a perfectly round object in 3D space defined by all points that are the same distance from a given center point. Key properties are that any cross section of a sphere is a circle, great circles divide it into two equal hemispheres, and a sphere has the smallest surface area for a given volume of any shape.

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    Origin of the word

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    This document discusses the origin and meaning of the word "navigate" and the properties of spheres. It defines a sphere as a perfectly round object in 3D space defined by all points that are the same distance from a given center point. Key properties are that any cross section of a sphere is a circle, great circles divide it into two equal hemispheres, and a sphere has the smallest surface area for a given volume of any shape.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    19 views3 pages

    Origin of The Word "Navigate": Respicio, Daniel I

    Uploaded by

    NieL ReSpiCiO
    This document discusses the origin and meaning of the word "navigate" and the properties of spheres. It defines a sphere as a perfectly round object in 3D space defined by all points that are the same distance from a given center point. Key properties are that any cross section of a sphere is a circle, great circles divide it into two equal hemispheres, and a sphere has the smallest surface area for a given volume of any shape.

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    of 3

    RESPICIO, DANIEL I.

    ⎢BSMT – 1A

    1. Origin of The Word “Navigate”

     Late 16th century (in the sense ‘travel in a ship’): from Latin navigat- ‘sailed’, from the verb
    “navigare”, from “navis” ‘ship’ + “agere” ‘drive’.
     Plan and direct the route or course of a ship, aircraft, or other form of transportation, especially
    by using instruments or maps.
     To navigate is to determine a path or course.
     To move from place to place in a ship or sail.
     Travel on a desired course after planning a route.
     of a passenger in a vehicle; Assist the driver by reading the map and planning a route.
     In Computing; Move from one accessible page, section, or view of a file or website to another.

    2. Sphere and Its Properties


    RESPICIO, DANIEL I. ⎢BSMT – 1A

    - A sphere (from Greek word —sphaira, "globe, ball"[) is a perfectly round geometrical
    object in three-dimensional space that is the surface of a completely round ball (analogous to the
    circular objects in two dimensions, where a "circle" circumscribes its "disk"). Like a circle in a
    two-dimensional space, a sphere is defined mathematically as the set of points that are all at the
    same distance r from a given point, but in a three-dimensional space. This distance r is the radius
    of the ball, which is made up from all points with a distance less than (or, for a closed ball, less
    than or equal to) r from the given point, which is the center of the mathematical ball. These are
    also referred to as the radius and center of the sphere, respectively. The longest straight line
    segment through the ball, connecting two points of the sphere, passes through the center and its
    length is thus twice the radius; it is a diameter of both the sphere and its ball.
    - A sphere is defined as the set of all points in three-dimensional Euclidean space that
    are located at a distance (the "radius") from a given point (the "center"). Twice the radius is
    called the diameter, and pairs of points on the sphere on opposite sides of a diameter are called
    antipodes.

    Properties of The Sphere

     Every section in the sphere made by a cutting plane is a circle. If the


    cutting plane passes through the center of the sphere, the section made is
    a great circle; otherwise the section is a small circle.
     For a particular circle of a sphere, the axis is the diameter of the sphere
    perpendicular to the plane of the circle.
     The ends of the axis of the circle of a sphere are called poles.
     The nearer the circle to the center of the sphere, the greater is its area.
     The largest circle in the sphere is the great circle.
     The radius (diameter) of the great circle is the radius (diameter) of the sphere.
     All great circles of a sphere are equal.
     Every great circle divides the sphere into two equal parts called
    hemispheres.
     The intersection of two spherical surfaces is a circle whose plane
    is perpendicular to the line joining the centers of the spheres and
    whose center is on that line. (See figure to the right.)
    RESPICIO, DANIEL I. ⎢BSMT – 1A

     A plane perpendicular to a radius at its extremity is tangent to the sphere.


     It is perfectly symmetrical
     All points on the surface are the same distance "r" from the center
     It has no edges or vertices (corners)
     It has one surface
    (not a "face" as it isn't flat)
     It is not a polyhedron

    Largest Volume for Smallest Surface


    Of all the shapes, a sphere has the smallest surface area for a volume. Or put another way it can contain
    the greatest volume for a fixed surface area.
    Example: if you blow up a balloon it naturally forms a sphere because it is trying to hold as much air as
    possible with as small a surface as possible.

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