Ohio Prison COVID Testing Plan
Ohio Prison COVID Testing Plan
Ohio Prison COVID Testing Plan
COVID‐19 Pandemic Testing Plan – May 4, 2020
Summary of Mass Testing in DRC
DRC began mass testing of the inmate population at Marion Correctional Institution (MCI) on 4/11/20.
MCI was the first DRC Institution to have a positive staff member which resulted in multiple exposed staff
and subsequently inmates. MCI experienced a steady stream of symptomatic inmates with positive results
in the 2 weeks after identifying positive staff. We began to suspect that there were multiple asymptomatic
positive people that were fueling the positive numbers. We believed as many as 20‐30% of the population
could be asymptomatic and positive. The decision was made to mass test all inmates as a strategic
approach to managing further spread.
The rationale for this strategy was to identify positive/negative cases to separate people into
isolation/quarantine cohorts based on testing. This was done extensively throughout the prison, entailed
multiple bed moves of the approximately 2400 inmates, and required utilization of non‐traditional
housing space for inmates in various cohorts, such as the school and gym. MCI has an older population
with a high chronic disease burden and the goal was to minimize further transmission among this group.
The same strategy was adopted for PCI and FMC; both being prisons with higher acuity medical missions.
Take‐aways from a Mass Testing Approach
MCI had a positivity rate of approximately 81% of the entire population
A minority of the positive population was symptomatic ‐‐ 6% of positive patients (fully 94% were
asymptomatic and positive)
DRC is re‐testing negatives from mass‐testing approximately 14 days later, and some are testing
positive, even though housed separately from others.
Despite placement of patients in quarantine/isolation cohorts based on testing, COVID‐19 has
spread throughout the facility
Movement of an entire prison population based on quarantine/isolation principles did not slow
or stop transmission, while additionally putting a significant burden on security to manage, in a
prison that was short‐staffed due to positive staff off work.
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Testing Approach Going Forward
Given the lessons learned from mass testing at MCI, PCI, and FMC, DRC has consulted with OSU, ODH, and
ODM, while also benchmarking with other state correctional systems around the country. DRC will adopt
a multi‐layered approach inclusive of testing at intake, for clinical indications, at release, and for all
staff. This approach will allow DRC to better protect staff, the inmate population, and the
community at large.
Intake Testing of all Inmates ‐‐ Effective 5/6/20
All inmates received from the county jail or the APA will be tested routinely as part of reception
process. Testing results would serve as a management tool for placement. DRC would continue
to cohort reception intake into discrete groups and not transfer to other facilities for up to 5
weeks. This would also allow DRC to continue with jail reception in a sustainable fashion designed
to prevent or mitigate transmission being introduced at intake.
Clinically Indicated Testing/Sampling of the Inmate Population
1. Inmate(s) presenting with symptoms of COVID‐19 in a living unit cohort without widespread
transmission will be tested.
2. DRC State Medical Director will have discretion over how many inmates in that living area
need tested to confirm spread.
3. DRC State Medical Director will determine need for isolation/quarantine singly or as a group
based on estimation of exposure.
a. Celled location: Patients may remain in their cell unless their symptoms require an
infirmary or hospital level of care. Cell mates may be presumed positive.
b. Dorm location: Patients may remain in their living unit/family cohort unless
symptoms require an infirmary or hospital level of care. Living units may be presumed
positive based on congregate setting interaction.
4. This testing approach will be replicated across DRC institutions, guided by the DRC State
Medical Director, and be customized at each facility based on:
a. Number of positive cases
b. Type of population (age, chronic disease burden, etc.)
c. Physical plant limitations
d. Congregate setting type (dorm, cell, mixture)
e. Medical capabilities of prison
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f. Proximity to hospitals
Inmate Release Testing
Once release tested, an inmate will be quarantined until release.
Early Releases (Pandemic) ‐‐ Effective 5/6/20
As part of DRC’s commitment to reducing the spread of COVID‐19 within the community, releases
that are facilitated during the pandemic to reduce prison crowding will be managed as follows.
2‐Step Release Testing
1. Upon notification of approval for early release, inmate will be tested for COVID‐
19
If negative, proceed with community linkage and release
If positive, isolate inmate for 10‐14 days, then re‐test
If negative, proceed with community linkage and release
Continue to treat, evaluate, and ensure recovery prior to release
No candidate for early release will be released while actively
positive/contagious. Only candidates that are COVID‐19 negative or
recovered will be released.
Public Health and Community Linkage
1. Any inmate that leaves DRC will receive comprehensive linkage across the
spectrum of their needs
Medical, mental health, recovery/addiction, Medicaid, and disease specific
linkage are routine components of the DRC reentry process.
2. Inmates will be provided with COVID‐19 education and prevention literature
General Releases from Prison ‐‐ Effective 5/6/20
As part of DRC’s commitment to reducing the spread of COVID‐19 within the community, all
routine releases will be managed as follows.
Inmates with End of Definite Sentence Release Dates:
1. Test approximately 10 days prior to release
2. If negative, proceed with community linkage and release
3. If positive, isolate the individual, and initiate COVID‐19 release process
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Notify Public Health Department in location of release address a minimum
of 48 hours in advance
Provide inmate with copy of public health order requiring self‐quarantine
See attached release process checklist for additional details.
Inmates Releasing to Transitional Control (TC), Treatment Transfer (TT), or Parole:
1. Test approximately 10 days prior to release
2. If negative, proceed with community linkage and release
3. If positive, quarantine inmate for 10‐14 days and hold release
4. Re‐evaluate TC, TT, Parole approval after recovery of individual
Mass Testing of Staff
Indications to date strongly suggest that asymptomatic COVID‐19 positive staff are the initial source of
transmission to the inmate population. Likewise, it becomes very difficult to sustain normal functioning
in a prison when staff become sick and are off work for illness or suspected exposure. Thus, DRC will
continue the ongoing process of providing testing services to all staff.
MCI, FMC, and PCI have already been completed. CRC and DCI are underway.
DRC is scheduling staff testing to accommodate all the various staff schedules that exist in a 24‐
hour operation.
1. Current schedule tests staff at prisons based on the timeframe of initial exposure locally
2. Some staff statewide have already sought out testing on their own
DRC has also provided information on access to multiple testing sites statewide that staff may
seek out voluntarily if they desire or if they are symptomatic before their mass testing date.
Expected Testing Needs to Support Plan
Type of Testing Approximate Utilization per Week
Intake 350
Clinically Indicated 300
Release 400
Staff Testing (1 prison/week) 550
Total 1600
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