PRELIMINARY SIZING of Concrete

1/28/2020
SEMINAR ON STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF FIVE-STOREY

REINFORCED CONCRETE MRF BUILDING IN ACCORDANCE
WITH NSCP VOLUME I, SEVENTH EDITION, 2015
Preliminary Sizing of Structural Members for

Moment Resisting Frame System
SEMINAR ON STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF FIVE-STOREY REINFORCED CONCRETE MRF BUILDING IN ACCORDANCE WITH NSCP
VOLUME I, SEVENTH EDITION, 2015
Practical rules of preliminary sizing of

members such as beams/girders, columns,
slabs and footings can be used based on
some provisions on minimum requirements
as prescribed in the code. Most of these
requirements are based on members which
are likely to be damaged due to large
deflections.
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For slab thickness sizing, Table 407.3.1.1 may be

adopted for one-way slab; whereas, Section 408.3.1
and Tables 408.3.1.1 and 408.3.1.2 may be adopted
for two-way slab.
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As a rule of thumb, the minimum

thickness of slab ℎ may be taken
as:
𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
ℎ= 180
≥ 100 𝑚𝑚,
2∗(4500+5750)
ℎ= 180
= 113.889 > 100 𝑚𝑚;
say ℎ = 125 mm
Sample Slab Load Distribution:

2nd Floor:
Component
SDL 5.616 Kpa
Slab weight 3.000 KPa
Live Load 2.400 KPa
Since 𝑚 = (4500/5750) = 0.783 > 0.5 the slab is considered as two-way slab, thus
𝒘𝒔 𝒘𝒔 (𝟑−𝒎𝟐 )
𝒒= applied along the short span, and 𝒒 = applied along the long span.
𝟑 𝟑 𝟐
For Dead Load and Live Load (Short Span) For Dead Load and Live Load (Long Span)
8.616 4.500 (8.616)(4.5) (𝟑−(0.783)𝟐)
𝒒= .= 12.924 KN/m (Dead Load) 𝒒=
𝟑 𝟐
.= 15.424 KN/m (Dead Load)
𝟑
2.40 4.500 (2.4)(4.5) (𝟑−(0.783)𝟐 )
𝒒= .= 3.60 KN/m (Live Load) 𝒒= .= 4.296 KN/m (Live Load)
𝟑 𝟑 𝟐
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Adopt width of beam, 𝑏 = 250 mm (beam) or 300 mm

(girder), then overall depth ℎ may be taken as:
For all girders:
ℎ = ℓ/21 as the girder is framed to columns,
5750
ℎ= = 273.810 mm say 550 mm say 300 x 550
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For all beams:

ℎ = ℓ/16 as the beam is simply supported on girders,
5750
ℎ= 16
= 359.375 mm say 500 mm say 250 x 500
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Given the gravity loadings at the short span and long span of
Girders, check if the assumed depth of girder and beam is
adequate:
Short span: Long span:
DL = 12.294 KPA DL = 15.424 KPA
LL = 3.60 KPA LL = 4.296 KPA
Using Load Combination :
Short Span = (1.2)(12.294) + (1.6)(3.60) = 20.513KN/m
Long Span = (1.2)(15.424) + (1.6)(4.296) = 25.382KN/m
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Based from Table 406.5.2 of our Code, the Moments would be the
following:
Positive Moment :
a. Discontinuous End Integral with Support : wuln2 / 14
a b b a
b. Interior Span: wuln2 / 16
Negative Moment :
c d d d c
c. Interior Face of Exterior Support: wuln2 /16
d. Exterior Face of First Interior Support (More than 2 Spans) = wuln2 /10
Typical Length is 5750mm
Using Negative Moment as the Maximum Moment (wuln2 /10) , the Moment would be M = (20.513)(5.75)2 / 10
Multimate = 67.821KN-m
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Determine the effective depth “d” :

ρ = 1.4 / fy
ρ = 0.00333
ω = ρfy / f’c
a b b a ω = 0.04995
Mu = ɸf’cbd2ω(1-0.59ω)
67.821x106 = (0.9)(28)(300)(d)2(0.04995)(1-(0.59)(0.04995))
c d d d c
d = 430.178mm
h = d + (main bar / 2) + fstirrups + concrete cover
Typical Length is 5750mm h = 430.178 + 10 + 10 + 50
h = 500.178mm say 550mm
Thus our assumption is adequate for strength
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For column member sizing, the principle of

tributary / influence area may be adopted.
However, this rule is fundamentally based
on pure axial strength of column as set
forth in Section 422.4.
To account for the flexural strength of
column, a modifier ranging from 3.0 to 4.0
may be applied as a practical rule. These
modifiers are considered arbitrary
depending on the complexity and
magnitude of the building structure.
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For column member sizing, the principle of

tributary / influence area may be adopted.
However, this rule is fundamentally based
on pure axial strength of column as set
forth in Section 422.4.
To account for the flexural strength of
column, a modifier ranging from 3.0 to 4.0
may be applied as a practical rule. These
modifiers are considered arbitrary
depending on the complexity and
magnitude of the building structure.
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Consider the column at Grids D & 2 in the plan,

presumed as the heavily loaded as far as framing plan
is concerned, estimate the loads on this column using
tributary area method.
5.75+5.75 5.75+5.75
𝐴𝑓 = ∗ = 33.063 m2
2 2
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@ Roof Deck @ 3rd floor

SDL = 3.196 KPa SDL = 5.616 KPa
Slab weight = 3.0 KPa Slab weight = 3.0 KPa
Roof Live Load = 1.0 KPa Live Load = 2.4 KPa
@ 5th floor @ 2nd floor
SDL = 5.616 KPa SDL = 5.616 KPa
Slab weight = 3.0 KPa Slab weight = 3.0 KPa
Live Load = 2.4 KPa Live Load = 2.4 KPa
@ 4th floor Level D L
SDL = 5.616 KPa Roof 6.196 1.0
Slab weight = 3.0 KPa 5th 8.616 2.4
Live Load = 2.4 KPa 4th 8.616 2.4
3rd 8.616 2.4
2nd 8.616 2.4
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On column, as if axially-loaded:
𝑃𝐷 = 40.66 kPa
𝑃𝐿 = 10.60 kPa
Section 410.6.1.1
𝑃𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 = 1.2 40.66 + 1.6 10.60 ∗ 33.063 =2173.958 KN
For non-prestressed columns and for prestressed
𝑃𝑢𝑛𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 = 51.26 ∗ 33.063 = 1694.809 KN
columns with average fpe < 1.6MPa, area of
longitudinal reinforcement shall be at least 0.01Ag Assume steel ratio 𝜌𝑔 = 2.5%, then
but shall not exceed 0.08Ag
𝐴𝑠𝑡 = 0.025𝐴𝑔
Section 410.7.3.1
For non-prestressed columns and for prestressed columns with average fpe < 1.6MPa, the
minimum number of longitudinal bars shall be:
a. Three within triangular ties
b. Four within rectangular or circular ties
c. Six enclosed by spirals of for columns of special moment frames enclosed by circular
hoops.
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Using the Eq. 422.4.2.2 and Table 422.4.2.1 for tied column section:
𝑃𝑛 = 0.8𝑃0 ; 𝑃𝑛 = 0.8 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴𝑠𝑡 + 𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑠𝑡
𝑃𝑢 = ∅𝑃𝑛 ; ∅ = 0.80 for axial force on tied column per Table 421.2.1
Substituting values and solve for 𝐴𝑔 :
2173.958 1000 /0.8 = 0.8 0.85(28) 𝐴𝑔 − 0.025𝐴𝑔 + 420(0.025)𝐴𝑔
𝐴𝑔 = 80624.462m2
To account for flexure,
revise 𝐴𝑔 = 3.0(80624.462) = 241873.387 m2
241873.387
If 𝑏 = 500, then ℎ = = 483.747 say 500 mm
500
thus our minimum column size is 500mm x 500mm
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From Column Reaction :

𝑃𝑢𝑛𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 = 51.26 ∗ 33.063 = 1694.809 KN
Section 413.3.1.1
Punfactored = (1694.809)(1.10) = 1864.290 KN
Minimum base are of foundations shall be
calculated from unfactored forces and moments Area of footing = Punfactored / Allowable Bearing Capacity
transmitted by foundation to soil or rock and Area of footing = 1864.290 / 400
permissible bearing pressure selected through
principles of soil or rock mechanics. Area of footing = 4.661m2
Size of Footing if isolated square footing = 2.159m say 2.20m x 2.20m
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The following shall be the assumed sizes for every structural

members:
a. Suspended Slab : 125mm
b. Girders : 300mm x 550mm
c. Beams : 250mm x 500mm
d. Columns : 500mm x 500mm
e. Isolated Footing : 2200mm x 2200 x 300mm
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Thank you.
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1/28/2020

SEMINAR ON STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF FIVE-STOREY

Preliminary Sizing of Structural Members for

Practical rules of preliminary sizing of

For slab thickness sizing, Table 407.3.1.1 may be

As a rule of thumb, the minimum

Sample Slab Load Distribution:

Adopt width of beam, 𝑏 = 250 mm (beam) or 300 mm

For all beams:

Determine the effective depth “d” :

For column member sizing, the principle of

For column member sizing, the principle of

Consider the column at Grids D & 2 in the plan,

@ Roof Deck @ 3rd floor

From Column Reaction :

The following shall be the assumed sizes for every structural

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