Instruction: Answer All Question: Assignment 1 Analysis of Prestress and Bending Stress BFS 40303

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ASSIGNMENT 1

ANALYSIS OF PRESTRESS AND BENDING STRESS


BFS 40303

Instruction : Answer all question

1. A rectangular concrete beam, 100 mm wide by 250 mm deep, spanning over 8 m is


prestressed by a straight cable carrying an effective prestressing force of 250 kN
located at an eccentricity of 40 mm. The beam supports a live load of 1.2 kN/m.
(a) Calculate the resultant stress distribution for the central cross section of the
beam. The density of concrete is 25 kN/m3.
(b) Find the magnitude of the prestressing force with an eccentricity of 40 mm which
can balance the stresses due to dead and live loads at the bottom fiber of the
central section of the beam.

[Ans: (a) Stress at top = 14.2 N/mm2 (compression), stress at the bottom = 5.8 N/mm2
(compression); (b) Prestressing force = 170 kNJ.]

2. A prestressed concrete beam supports a live load of 4 kN/m over a simply supported
span of 8 m. The beam has an I-section with an overall depth of 400 mm. width of the
flange is 200mm. The beam is to be prestressed by an effective presstressing force of
235 kN at a suitable eccentricity such that the resultant stress at the soffit of the beam
at the central of the span is zero.
(a) Find the eccentricity required for the force.
(b) If the tendon is concentric, what should be the magnitude of the prestressing force
for the resultant stress to be zero at the bottom fiber of the central span section.

[Ans: (a) e = 84 m; (b) 450 kNJ]

3. A prestressed concrete beam, 200 mm wide and 300 mm deep, is used over an
effective span of 6 m to support an imposed load of 4 kN/m. The density of concrete
is 24 kN/m3. At the quarter-span section of the beam, find the magnitude of:
(a) The concentric prestressing force necessary for zero fiber-stress at the soffit when
the beam is fully loaded; and
(b) The eccentric prestressing force located 100 mm from the bottom of the beam
which would nullify the bottom fiber stress due to loading.

[Ans: (a) 367.2 kN: (b) 183.6 kN]

4. A concrete beam of symmetrical I-section spanning 8 m has flange width and thickness
of 200 and 60 mm respectively. The overall depth of the beam is 400 mm. The
thickness of the web is 80 mm. The beam is prestressed by a parabolic cable with an
eccentricity of 15 mm at the centre and zero at the supports with an effective force of
100 kN. The live load on the beam is 2kN/m. Draw the stress distribution diagram at
the central section for:
(a) Prestress + self-weight (density of concrete = 24 kN/m3); and
(b) Prestress + self-weight + live load.

[Ans: (a) 0.7 N/mm2 at top and 3.6 N/mm2 at bottom (compression); (b) 7.4 N/mm2
(compression) at top and -0.2 N/mm2 (tension at bottom)]

5. A concrete beam with a double overhang has the middle-span equal to 10 m and the
equal overhang on either side is 2.5 m. Determine the profile of the prestressing cable
with an effective force of 250 kN which can balance a uniformly distributed load of 8
kN/m on the beam, which includes the self-weight of the beam. Sketch the cable
profile marking the eccentricity of cable at the support and mid span.

[Ans: e (support) = 100 mm; e (centre of span) = 300 mmJ]


ASSIGNMENT 2
LOSSES OF PRESTRESS
BFS 40303

Instruction : Answer all question

1. A pre-tensioned beam of rectangular cross-section, 150 mm wide and 300 mm deep,


is prestressed by 8, 7 mm wires located 100 mm from the soffit of the beam. If the
wire are initially tensioned to a stress of 1100 N/mm2, calculate their stress at transfer
and the effective stress after all losses, given the following data:

Up to time of transfer Total


Relaxation of steel 35 N/mm2 70 N/mm2
Shrinkage of concrete 100 x 10-6 300 x 10-6
Creep coefficient - 1.6
Es = 210 kN/mm2 Ec = 31.5 kN/mm2

[Ans: 977.5 N/mm2, 793.6 N/mm2]

2. A prestressed concrete pile of cross-section, 250 mm by 250 mm, contains 60 pre-


tensioned wires, each of 2 mm diameter, distributed uniformly over the section. The
wires are initially tensioned on the prestressing bed with a total force of 300 kN. If Es
= 210 kN/mm2 and Ec = 32 kN/mm2, calculate the respective stresses in steel and
concrete immediately after the transfer of prestress, assuming that up to this point
the only loss of stress is that due to elastic shortening. If the concrete undergoes a
further shortening due to shrinkage of 200 x 10-6 per unit length, while there is a
relaxation of 5 per cent of steel stress due to creep of steel, find the greatest tensile
stress which can occur in a pile 20 m long when lifted at two points 4 m from each
end. Assume creep coefficient as 1.6.

[Ans: 1389.3 N/mm2, 4.7 N/mm2, -0.42 N/mm2]

3. A post-tensioned cable of a beam 10 m long is initially tensioned to a stress of 1000


N/mm2 at one end. If the tendons are curved so that the slope is 1 in 15 at each end
with an area of 600 mm2, calculate the loss of prestress due to friction, given the
following data: Coefficient of friction between duct and cable = 0.55
Friction coefficient for wave effect = 0.0015/m
During anchoring, if there is a slip of 3 mm at the jacking end, calculate the final force
in the cable and the percentage loss of prestress due to friction and slip.

[Ans: 526.6 kN; 12.3 percent]


4. A post-tensioned concrete beam with a cable of 24 parallel wires (total area = 800
mm2) is tensioned with 2 wires at a time. The cable with zero eccentricity at the ends
and 150 mm at the centre is on a circular curve. The span of the beam is 10 m. The
cross-section is 200 mm wide and 450 mm deep. The wires are to be stressed from
one end to a value of f1 to overcome froctional loss and then released to a value of f2
so that immediately after anchoring, an initial prestress of 840 N/mm2 would be
obtained. Compute f1 amd f2 and the final design stress in steel after all losses given
the following data:
Coefficient of friction for curvature effect = 0.6
Friction coefficient for “wave” effect = 0.003/m
Deformation and slip of anchorage = 1.25 mm
Es = 210 kN/mm2 Ec = 28 kN/mm2
Shrinkage of concrete = 0.0002
Relaxation of steel stress = 3 per cent of the initial stress

[Ans: f1 = 954 N/mm2; f2 =866.2 N/mm2; 668.4 N/mm2]

5. A pretensioned beam 250 mm wide and 300 mm deep is prestressed by 12 wires each
of 7 mm diameter initially stressed to 1200 N/mm2 with their centroids located 100
mm form the soffit. Estimate the final percentage loss of stress due to elastic
deformation, creep, shrinkage and relaxation using IS: 1343-80 code and the following
data:
Relaxation of steel stress = 90 N/mm2
Es = 210 kN/mm2 Ec = 35 kN/mm2
Creep coefficient (f) = 1.6
Residual shrinkage strain = 3 x 10-4

[Ans: 22%]

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